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FGF14 modulates resurgent sodium current in mouse cerebellar Purkinje neurons.
Rapid firing of cerebellar Purkinje neurons is facilitated in part by a voltage-gated Na+ (NaV) 'resurgent' current, which allows renewed Na+ influx during membrane repolarization. Resurgent current results from unbinding of a blocking particle that competes with normal channel inactivation. The underlying molecular co...
[Drug-related Anaphylactic Shocks: Under-reporting and PMSI.]
Aim. To evaluate the value of research in the case-mix database to identify cases of drug-related anaphylactic or anaphylactoid shock. Methods. Hospital stays of patients discharged from the University Hospital of Saint-Etienne between July 1st 2009 and June 30th 2012. Five codes from the international classification o...
Fever Evaluation Cost and Time to Treatment in the General Surgery Patient Can be Reduced by Using a Fever Practice Guideline.
OBJECTIVES: Evaluation of surgical patients with fever and leukocytosis (FAL) for an infection source often results in unnecessary laboratory and radiographic tests. The average cost of an FAL work-up ranges from $2200 to $5600. Lack of a systematic approach drives costs higher than necessary. We evaluated differences ...
Factors Associated With Obesity: A Case-Control Study of Young Adult Singaporean Males.
A case-control study among Singapore Armed Forces' newly enlisted Servicemen was conducted to examine factors associated with male obesity. Four hundred and fifty-nine individuals from the Obese Basic Military Training program were selected as "cases" (average age: 19.5, body mass index: 30.4) and another 340 individua...
The Ketamine Analog Methoxetamine: A New Designer Drug to Threaten Military Readiness.
Recent years have seen the emergence and proliferation of "legal highs" or "designer drugs," compounds purposefully designed as legal alternatives to controlled substances of abuse. This article describes methoxetamine, a dissociative drug belonging to the arylcyclohexylamine class including phencyclidine and ketamine....
Use and Abuse of Prescribed Opioids, Central Nervous System Depressants, and Stimulants Among U.S. Active Duty Military Personnel in FY 2010.
OBJECTIVES: This study establishes rates of use/abuse of Schedule II-IV prescription medications in U.S. active duty military personnel, and characterizes correlates of such use/abuse. METHODS: All active duty personnel serving for 12 months during fiscal year 2010 were included. Data were obtained from medical and pha...
Stellate Ganglion Block Used to Treat Symptoms Associated With Combat-Related Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A Case Series of 166 Patients.
OBJECTIVE: Report the successful use of stellate ganglion blocks (SGBs) in 166 active duty service members with multiple combat deployments experiencing anxiety symptoms associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). BACKGROUND: Successful treatment of PTSD symptoms with SGB has been reported previously. This i...
Identifying Classes of Veterans With Multiple Risk Factors.
As researchers examine the efficacy of interventions that simultaneously target more than 1 symptom, it is important to identify ways to help guide research and program development. This study used electronic medical record data to examine the covariation of multiple risk factors regularly assessed among primary care p...
Injury Epidemiology of U.S. Army Special Operations Forces.
Musculoskeletal injuries have long been a problem in general purpose forces, yet anecdotal evidence provided by medical, human performance, and training leadership suggests musculoskeletal injuries are also a readiness impediment to Special Operations Forces (SOF). The purpose of this study was to describe the injury e...
A Review of Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Diagnostics: Current Perspectives, Limitations, and Emerging Technology.
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) or concussion is a common battlefield and in-garrison injury caused by transmission of mechanical forces to the head. The energy transferred in such events can cause structural and/or functional changes in the brain that manifest as focal neurological, cognitive, or behavioral dysfunc...
Insomnia Treatment Experience and Preferences Among Veterans Affairs Primary Care Patients.
Insomnia is common, but undertreated, among primary care patients. Within the Veterans Health Administration (VA), increasing attention has been given to the treatment of insomnia within primary care settings, but little research has examined Veterans' treatment preferences. We examined preferences for sleep treatment ...
Residual Injury, Appearance-Related Concerns, Symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, and Depression Within a Treatment-Seeking Veteran Sample.
This study explored the associations among injury-related appearance changes experienced during deployment/combat, symptom severity of post-traumatic stress disorder and depression, and body image distress within a treatment-seeking veteran population (n = 91). Thirty-three percent of the sample reported having an appe...
Bioassay-guided fractionation of extracts from Easter lily (Lilium longiflorum) flowers reveals unprecedented structural variability of steroidal glycoalkaloids.
Several Lilium species are nephrotoxic in cats (Felis silvestris catus), among them Easter lilies (Lilium longiflorum). Although clinical trials have been carried out, the causative toxic phytochemicals have not yet been identified. We thus aimed to determine the toxic constituents of Easter lily flowers applying a bio...
Validation of the Chinese-language Brief Sensation Seeking Scale: Implications for risky riding behaviors of parental motorcyclists and their child passengers.
Motorcycles are the leading cause of road traffic deaths in the Western Pacific and Southeast Asia, where Mandarin Chinese is the most commonly used language. Sensation seeking (SS) is reported to correlate with many risky motor vehicle behaviors, and therefore a culture-adapted Chinese instrument is needed to assess t...
Sperm morphological normality under high magnification predicts laboratory and clinical outcomes in couples undergoing ICSI.
The objective of this study was to evaluate whether 'motile sperm organelle morphology examination' (MSOME) is correlated with the outcome of ICSI. A total of 14400 spermatozoa from 72 couples undergoing ICSI were analysed by MSOME (x6600) and graded into four groups: grade I, normal form and no vacuoles; grade II, nor...
Low pertussis toxin antibody levels in two regional cohorts of Canadian pregnant women.
Infants under 6 months of age are at greatest risk of mortality and severe morbidity from pertussis disease. Interventions that increase pertussis protection in newborns are therefore a clear public health imperative. The objective of this study was to assess maternal pertussis toxin antibody (anti-PT) level as a poten...
Soluble ST2 in heart failure.
In addition to routine clinical laboratory tests (including natriuretic peptides and cardiac troponins), other biomarkers are gaining attention for their utility in heart failure (HF) management. Among them, soluble ST2 (sST2) a novel biomarker integrating inflammation, fibrosis, and cardiac stress has been included in...
An Improved Flow Cytometric Immunobead Array to Detect Autoantibodies in Plasma from Patients with Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura.
BACKGROUND: Autoantibodies against platelet glycoproteins (GPs) play an important role in immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). This study was to develop an improved flow cytometric immunobead array (FCIA) assay to detect platelet autoantibodies in ITP patient plasma. METHODS: Plasma samples were isolated from 71 ITP ...
ACOUSTIC TRAPPING FOR BACTERIA IDENTIFICATION IN POSITIVE BLOOD CULTURES WITH MALDI-TOF MS.
Matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is current-ly changing the clinical routine for identification of microbial pathogens. One important application is the rap-id identification of bacteria for the diagnosis of bloodstream infections (BSI). A novel approach based ...
Image Analysis for the Quantitative Comparison of Stress Fibers and Focal Adhesions.
Actin stress fibers (SFs) detect and transmit forces to the extracellular matrix through focal adhesions (FAs), and molecules in this pathway determine cellular behavior. Here, we designed two different computational tools to quantify actin SFs and the distribution of actin cytoskeletal proteins within a normalized cel...
Gr-1+CD11b+ Immature Myeloid Cells (IMC) Promote Resistance of Pro-Inflammatory T Cells to Suppression by Regulatory T Cells in Atherosclerotic Apo E- Deficient Mice.
Accumulating evidence indicates that both defects in Treg numbers and/or function as well as resistance of effector T cells to suppression may contribute to the development of human chronic inflammatory diseases. However, which mechanism involved in the progression of atherosclerosis remains unclear. In this study, we ...
Development of CpG-Oligodeoxynucleotides for Effective Activation of Rabbit TLR9 Mediated Immune Responses.
CpG-oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG-ODN) are potent immune stimuli being developed for use as adjuvants in different species. Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) is the cellular receptor for CpG-ODN in mammalian cells. The CpG-ODN with 18-24 deoxynucleotides that are in current use for human and mouse cells, however, have low activ...
Characterization of Clostridium difficile Isolates from Human Fecal Samples and Retail Meat from Pennsylvania.
Abstract A study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Clostridium difficile and characterize C. difficile isolates from human stool and retail grocery meat samples. Human stool samples (n=317) were obtained from a clinical laboratory and meat samples (n=303) were collected from 8 retail grocery stores from Octo...
Hospital Disaster Response Using Business Impact Analysis.
Introduction The catastrophic Great East Japan Earthquake in 2011 created a crisis in a university-affiliated hospital by disrupting the water supply for 10 days. In response, this study was conducted to analyze water use and prioritize water consumption in each department of the hospital by applying a business impact ...
Both Central and Peripheral Auditory Systems Are Involved in Salicylate-Induced Tinnitus in Rats: A Behavioral Study.
OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to establish a low dose salicylate-induced tinnitus rat model and to investigate whether central or peripheral auditory system is involved in tinnitus. METHODS: Lick suppression ratio (R), lick count and lick latency of conditioned rats in salicylate group (120 mg/kg, intraperitoneall...
Physical Activity versus Cardiorespiratory Fitness: Two (Partly) Distinct Components of Cardiovascular Health?
Physical activity (PA) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) both have inverse relationships to cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. Recent position papers and guidelines have identified the important role of both of these factors in CV health. The benefits of PA and CRF in the prevention of CV disease and risk f...
Physical Activity and Cardiorespiratory Fitness as Major Markers of Cardiovascular Risk: Their Independent and Interwoven Importance to Health Status.
The evolution from hunting and gathering to agriculture, followed by industrialization, has had a profound effect on human physical activity (PA) patterns. Current PA patterns are undoubtedly the lowest they have been in human history, with particularly marked declines in recent generations, and future projections indi...
More than 10 Million Steps in the Right Direction: Results from the First American Heart Association Scientific Sessions Walking Challenge.
In 2013, the Global Congress theme at the American Heart Association (AHA) Annual Scientific Sessions was Physical Activity (PA). As a key component of the Congress, iHealth working in collaboration with AHA provided a Bluetooth-enabled wireless PA and sleep tracker to up to 2,000 Scientific Sessions attendees. Approxi...
Effects of Virtual Speaker Density and Room Reverberation on Spatiotemporal Thresholds of Audio-Visual Motion Coherence.
The present study examined the effects of spatial sound-source density and reverberation on the spatiotemporal window for audio-visual motion coherence. Three different acoustic stimuli were generated in Virtual Auditory Space: two acoustically "dry" stimuli via the measurement of anechoic head-related impulse response...
Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma in the Cavernous Sinus Diagnosed with the Endoscopic Endonasal Approach.
A 42-year-old woman presented with right oculomotor, abducens, and trigeminal palsy. Neuroimaging revealed a small lesion in the right cavernous sinus mimicking meningioma. Because the symptoms gradually worsened, the patient underwent an endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery for tumor biopsy. Histological exami...
A Case of Primary Dural Lymphoma: Diffuse Large B-Cell Type.
Primary leptomeningeal lymphoma is very rare disease that is a subtype of primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma. Primary dural lymphoma is a subentity of primary leptomeningeal lymphoma and arises from the dura mater without systemic disease. A 47-year-old woman presented with an indolent mass in the right fron...
Cerebral Infarction Caused by Pituitary Apoplexy: Case Report and Review of Literature.
Pituitary apoplexy followed by cerebral infarction is rare. In this report, we present a 42-year-old man who had been diagnosed of pituitary adenoma presented with a sudden onset of unconsciousness, left hemiplegia and right ptosis. Investigations revealed the development of pituitary apoplexy. The extension of tumor m...
Gross Total Resection of Large Cervical Intramedullary Ependymoma: Demonstration of Microsurgical Techniques.
In adolescents and young adults, ependymomas are the most common intramedullary tumors in the spinal cord.These tumors arise from ependymal cell lining the ventricles and spinal canal. The clinical presentation of intramedullary ependymomas are variable and nonspecific. They usually present with diffuse back or neck pa...
Clinical Results of Anterior Odontoid Screw Fixation for Type II Odontoid Fractures.
AIM: In this study, 31 patients with a diagnosis of Type II odontoid fractures were reported. All patients were treated with anterior transodontoid screw fixation and clinical outcomes were reported. MATERIAL and METHODS: In this study, the retrospective clinical analysis of 31 patients with traumatic type II odontoid ...
Choice for the Removal of Bloody Cerebrospinal Fluid in Postcoiling Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: External Ventricular Drainage or Lumbar Drainage?
AIM: External ventricular drainage (EVD) and lumbar drainage (LD) are the most widely used procedures for continued bloody cerebrospinal fluid drainage. Each has his own advantages and disadvantages. Here, we compared complications and clinical outcomes in patients with World Federation of Neurosurgical Societies (WFNS...
Experience with the Second-Generation Wallis Interspinous Dynamic Stabilization Device Implanted in Degenerative Lumbar Disease: A Case Series of 50 Patients.
AIM: This study aimed to evaluate the short- to medium-term outcomes of the second-generation Wallis interspinous dynamic stabilization device for treatment of lumbar degenerative disease. MATERIAL and METHODS: Fifty patients with lumbar degenerative disease treated from August 2007 to September 2009 were included in t...
Balloon-Assisted Endovascular Treatment of Intracranial Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas.
AIM: Most dural arteriovenous fistulas (DAVFs) can be treated safely and effectively with endovascular Onyx embolization. Balloon-assisted endovascular Onyx embolization of intracranial DAVFs is especially suitable for arterial protection and arterial flow reduction in complicated DAVFs. We systemically report our expe...
Idiopathic Scoliosis.
Scoliosis refers to curves exceeding 10 degrees observed through posterioanterior direct radiography. In fact, the diagnosis for idiopathic scoliosis is accepted to exclude already available causes. The aim of this paper was to review the etiopathogenesis, classification systems and the treatment management of idiopath...
Efficacy and Safety of Carmustine Wafers in the Treatment of Glioblastoma Multiforme: A Systematic Review.
The aim of this study was to a conduct a systematic review of carmustine wafers (Gliadel wafers) for the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) to assess the survival benefit and safety of this therapy. The inclusion criteria were 1) prospective or retrospective clinical trial; 2) patients who had undergone resecti...
Oxidative Stress Is Associated with an Increased Antioxidant Defense in Elderly Subjects: A Multilevel Approach.
BACKGROUND: Studies of associations between plasma GSH-Px activity and cardiovascular risk factors have been done in humans, and contradictory results have been reported. The aim of our study was to assess the association between the scavenger antioxidant enzyme glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity in plasma and th...
CTLA4-Ig Preserves Thymus-Derived T Regulatory Cells.
BACKGROUND: CTLA-4 immunoglobulin fusion proteins (CTLA4-Ig) suppress immune reactions by blocking the T-cell costimulatory CD28-CD80-86 pathway and are used in clinical trials for diseases featuring exaggerated T-cell reactivity including autoimmune diseases and allograft rejection. However, because CTLA4-Ig has been ...
Association between alcohol-cue modulated startle reactions and drinking behavior in alcohol dependent patients - results of the PREDICT study.
Previous research on alcohol dependent patients has shown that variations in eyeblink startle response can be used as an indicator of their emotional responses to alcohol-related stimuli. Postulating that reactions on substance associated stimuli are controlled by either a negative or a positive affective processing sy...
Can Continuous Subcutaneous Insulin Infusion Improve Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Shwachman-Bodian-Diamond Syndrome and Diabetes?
Abstract We report the first case of the use of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) in a patient with Shwachman-Bodian-Diamond syndrome (SBDS) and diabetes. An Italian boy received diagnosis of SBDS at the age of 7 months (SBDS gene mutation: c.183-184TA-->CT and c.258+2T-->C in compound heterozygous). The ...
The complete mitochondrial genome of the spinner shark Carcharhinus brevipinna.
Abstract The mitochondrial genome of the spinner shark (Carcharhinus brevipinna) was determined in this study. It was 16,706 bp in length with the typical genomic organization and gene order as most vertebrates. Whole nucleotide base composition was 31.3% A, 25.3% C, 13.2% G and 30.1% T. Among the protein-coding genes,...
Circulating microRNAs in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.
Aim: To explore the pattern of expression of circulating miRNAs in patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Materials and methods: Microarray and qRT-PCR were used to investigate circulating miRNAs in PCOS during clinical diagnosis. The targets of dys-regulated miRNAs were predicted using bioinformatics, followe...
Editorial: Nanoscience Advances in Rheumatology and Immunology.
Improved understanding of the molecular mechanisms leading to autoimmunity have resulted in advances toward the diagnosis, management, and treatment of rheumatologic diseases. Many of these mechanisms overlap with inflammatory disease states and cancer, where nanoscience is increasingly being applied for pharmacologic ...
Chemotherapy or Targeted Therapy as Second-Line Treatment of Advanced Gastric Cancer. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Published Studies.
Chemotherapy is a cornerstone in treatments of gastric cancer, but despite its benefit, less than 60% of patients receive salvage therapy in clinical practice. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis based on trial data on the role of second-line treatment of advanced gastric cancer. MEDLINE/PubMed and Cochr...
Risk Factors for Acute Stroke among South Asians Compared to Other Racial/Ethnic Groups.
BACKGROUND: Studies of racial/ethnic variations in stroke rarely consider the South Asian population, one of the fastest growing sub-groups in the United States. This study compared risk factors for stroke among South Asians with those for whites, African-Americans, and Hispanics. METHODS: Data on 3290 stroke patients ...
Non-Native (Exotic) Snake Envenomations in the U.S., 2005-2011.
Non-native (exotic) snakes are a problematic source of envenomation worldwide. This manuscript describes the current demographics, outcomes and challenges of non-native snakebites in the United States (U.S.). We performed a retrospective case series of the National Poison Data System (NPDS) database between 2005 and 20...
Synthesis, Characterization and In Vitro Study of Biocompatible Cinnamaldehyde Functionalized Magnetite Nanoparticles (CPGF Nps) For Hyperthermia and Drug Delivery Applications in Breast Cancer.
Cinnamaldehyde, the bioactive component of the spice cinnamon, and its derivatives have been shown to possess anti-cancer activity against various cancer cell lines. However, its hydrophobic nature invites attention for efficient drug delivery systems that would enhance the bioavailability of cinnamaldehyde without aff...