madderwort: any of numerous trees or shrubs or vines of the family Rubiaceae
spermatophyte: plant that reproduces by means of seeds not spores
vedic literature: (from the Sanskrit word for `knowledge') any of the most ancient sacred writings of Hinduism written in early Sanskrit; traditionally believed to comprise the Samhitas, the Brahmanas, the Aranyakas, and the Upanishads