transurethral resection of the prostate: removal of significant amounts of prostate tissue (as in cases of benign prostatic hyperplasia)
resection: surgical removal of part of a structure or organ
east india company: an English company formed in 1600 to develop trade with the new British colonies in India and southeastern Asia; in the 18th century it assumed administrative control of Bengal and held it until the British army took over in 1858 after the Indian Mutiny