ungulata: in former classifications a major division of Mammalia comprising all hoofed mammals; now divided into the orders Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates) and Artiodactyla (even-toed ungulates)
placental: mammals having a placenta; all mammals except monotremes and marsupials
gamboge tree: low spreading tree of Indonesia yielding an orange to brown gum resin (gamboge) used as a pigment when powdered