
    poor recruitment
  
['chronic obstructive pulmonary disease', 'smoking cessation']
['varenicline', 'placebo']

        Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Daily smokers

          -  Diagnosed with COPD (as per the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease
             [GOLD] criteria, namely: a characteristic clinical picture of dyspnea, cough or
             sputum, with a history of exposure to risk factors, plus a post-bronchodilator forced
             expiratory volume in one second / forced vital capacity FEV1/FVC ratio of <0.70)

          -  Have stable COPD (i.e. no exacerbation, hospital admission, or use of antibiotics or
             prednisone in the past six weeks)

          -  Can provide consent

          -  Reside in the Auckland region of New Zealand

          -  Eligible under New Zealand special authority to receive subsidised varenicline

          -  Prepared to make a quit attempt with varenicline

          -  Have access to a phone

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  A history of definite asthma and/or atopy

          -  Contraindications to varenicline

          -  Used varenicline in the past 12 months

          -  A history of serious psychiatric illness or significant cognitive impairment

          -  Major or uncontrolled co-morbidities (such as uncontrolled heart failure, infection or
             rapidly progressive condition)

          -  A life expectancy of < 12 months

          -  Are currently using another cessation medication (including e-cigarettes)
      