
    no participants were recruited
  
['rectal cancer']
['folfoxiri']

        Inclusion Criteria:

          -  Diagnosis of adenocarcinoma of the rectum

          -  Age: 18-70years old

          -  Signed informed consent; able to comply with study and/or followup procedures

          -  Stage of the primary tumor may be determined by MRI as CRM positive

          -  Tumor amenable to curative resection

          -  Adequate bone marrow, hepatic and renal function as assessed by the following
             laboratory requirements conducted within 7 days of starting study treatment:

          -  Leukocytes ≥ 3.0 x109/ L, absolute neutrophil count (ANC) ≥ 1.5 x109/ L, platelet
             count ≥ 100 x109/ L, hemoglobin (Hb) ≥ 9g/ dL.

          -  Total bilirubin ≤1.5 x the upper limit of normal (ULN).

          -  Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) ≤ 5 x ULN.

          -  Alkaline phosphatase limit ≤ 5x ULN.

          -  Amylase and lipase ≤ 1.5 x the ULN.

          -  Serum creatinine ≤ 1.5 x the ULN.

          -  No renal disease that would preclude study treatment or followup

          -  ECOG status: 0～1

        Exclusion Criteria:

          -  Hypersensitivity to fluorouracil, oxaliplatin or irinotecan.

          -  Less than 4 weeks since prior participation in any investigational drug study

          -  History of invasive rectal malignancy, regardless of disease free interval

          -  Uncontrolled hypertension

          -  Cardiovascular disease that would preclude study treatment or followup

          -  Lack of upper gastrointestinal tract integrity or malabsorption syndrome，active upper
             gastrointestinal tract bleeding

          -  Synchronous colon cancer

          -  Pregnant or nursing

          -  Other malignancy within the past 5 years except effectively treated squamous cell or
             basal cell skin cancer, melanoma in situ, carcinoma in situ of the cervix, or
             carcinoma in situ of the colon or rectum

          -  No psychiatric or addictive disorders, or other conditions that, in the opinion of the
             investigator, would preclude study participation

          -  patients refused to signed informed consent.
      