set: She was daughter to Ludvig Lundgren , who was a printmaker , and she early decided , that she wanted to become a printmaker too .

set: As the child of printmaker Ludvig Lundgren , Lea Fredrika Ahlborn early decided to follow him in his profession .


set: In 1892 , she was given the medal Illis Quorum by the king .

set: In 1892 , she was given the medal Illis Quorum by king Oscar II of Sweden .


set: The position of royal printmaker also made her the first female official in Sweden .

set: The position of royal printmaker was public office , and thereby also made her the first female official in Sweden .


set: She kept herself updated in everything regarding her work , and was given assignments from the Swedish Academy , the science academy and the royal academy Pro Patria .

set: She kept herself updated in everything regarding her work , and was given assignments from the Swedish Academy , the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and the royal academy Pro Patriaa and by Empress Eugenie of France .


set: In 1855 , she was appointed royal printmaker , and was also elected as a member in the Royal Swedish Academy of Arts .

set: In 1855 , she was appointed royal printmaker and elected as a member in the Royal Swedish Academy of Arts .


set: In 1849 , she , as well as Amalia Lindegren and Agnes BÃ rjesson , became one of the four women who were given permission to study art at the Swedish Royal Academy of Arts .

set: In 1849 , she , as well as Amalia Lindegren and Agnes BÃ rjesson , became one of the four women who were given permission to study art at the Royal Swedish Academy of Arts .


set: In 1851 , she made a study-trip to Paris with her teacher Carl Gustaf QvarnstrÃ m and her brother Pehr Henrik .

set: In 1851 , she made a study-trip to Paris with her teacher Carl Gustaf QvarnstrÃ m ( 1810-1867 ) and her brother Pehr Henrik , were she worked with the sculptor Toussaint , the printmaker Barre and her maternal uncle , the medal designer Johan Salmson .


set: A Gangster or mobster is a criminal who is a member of a crime organization , such as a gang . The terms are widely used in reference to members of gangs associated with American prohibition and the American offshoot of the Mafia , such as the Chicago Outfit or the Five Families .

set: The terms `` gangster '' and `` mobster '' are mostly used in the United States to refer to members of criminal organizations associated with Prohibition or with an American offshoot of the Italian Mafia ( such as the Chicago Outfit , the Philadelphia Mafia , or the Five Families ) .


set: Sanilhac is a commune in the ArdÃ che dÃ partement in southern France .

set: Sanilhac is a commune in the ArdÃ che department in southern France .


set: Tolkien created and worked on Middle-earth through most of his life , and it is this creation for which he is most famous .

set: The term Middle-earth can be also applied as a nickname of the entirety of Tolkien 's creation , instead of the more appropriate , but less known terms Arda which refers to Tolkien 's world ( including celestial bodies ) , and EÃ , which refers to the universe . This is seen also in the title of books such as The Complete Guide to Middle-earth , The Road to Middle-earth , The Atlas of Middle-earth , and in particular the series The History of Middle-earth , all of which cover areas outside of the strict geographical definition of the term Middle-earth .


set: Middle-earth is a fictional fantasy world invented by J. R. R. Tolkien .

set: Middle-earth is the fictional setting of the majority of author J. R. R. Tolkien 's fantasy writings .


set: Several of his books take place there , such as The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings .

set: These stories include The Hobbit and The Lord of the Rings .


set: The Professional Developers Conference ( PDC ) is a conference where people from all over the world gather to view things that Microsoft has made .

set: Microsoft 's Professional Developers Conference ( or PDC ) is a conference for software developers , normally Windows developers .


set: The gorges of the ArdÃ che region have many caves . Many of them have geological or archaeological importance .

set: The gorges of the ArdÃ che region are home to numerous caves , many of them having some geological or archaeological importance .


set: A peculiar figure appears to have the lower body of a woman with the upper body of a bison .

set: Also a chimerical figure may be present ; it appears to have the lower body of a woman with the upper body of a bison .


set: The cave was named after Jean-Marie Chauvet , who discovered it on December 18,1994 , together with Christian Hillaire and Eliette Brunel-Deschamps .

set: The cave was first explored on December 18 , 1994 by a group of three speleologists : Eliette Brunel-Deschamps , Christian Hillaire , and Jean-Marie Chauvet , for whom it was named .


set: As of 1999 , the dates of 31 samples from the cave had been reported , with the earliest being 32,900 Â 490 BP .

set: As of 1999 , the dates of 31 samples from the cave had been reported . The earliest , sample Gifa 99776 from `` zone 10 '' , dates to 32,900 Â 490 BP .


set: It seems nobody had been in it after the child , until it was discovered in 1994 .

set: After the child 's visit to the cave , evidence suggests that the cave had been untouched until discovered in 1994 .


set: Most of the artwork dates to the earlier Aurignacian era ( 30,000 to 32,000 years ago ) .

set: Most of the artwork dates to the earlier , Aurignacian , era ( 30,000 to 32,000 years ago ) .


set: Typical of most cave art , there are no paintings of complete human figures , although there is one possible , partial `` Venus '' figure that may represent the legs and genitals of a woman .

set: Typical of most cave art , there are no paintings of complete human figures , although there is one possible partial `` Venus '' figure that may represent the legs and genitals of a woman .


set: The artists who produced these unique paintings used techniques not often observed in other cave art .

set: The artists who produced these unique paintings used techniques not often seen in other cave art .


set: The Chauvet Cave or Chauvet-Pont-d ` Arc Cave lies near Vallon-Pont-d ` Arc , in the ArdÃ che dÃ partement , in southern France .

set: The Chauvet-Pont-d ` Arc Cave is a cave in the ArdÃ che department of southern France that contains the earliest known cave paintings , as well as other evidence of Upper Paleolithic life . It is located near the commune of Vallon-Pont-d ` Arc on a limestone cliff above the former bed of the ArdÃ che River .


set: The Chauvet Cave , however , is unusually large and the artwork is well preserved and of good quality . It has been called spectacular .

set: The Chauvet Cave , however , is uncharacteristically large and the quality , quantity , and condition of the artwork found on its walls has been called spectacular .


set: There are paw prints of cave bears . There are also large rounded depressions in the floor .

set: The soft , clay-like floor of the cave retains the paw prints of cave bears along with large , rounded , depressions that are believed to be the `` nests '' where the bears slept .


set: In addition to commonly hunted animals : horses , cattle , reindeer , etc. . The walls of the Chauvet Cave are covered with predatory animals : lions , panthers , bears , owls , rhinos and hyenas .

set: Rather than depicting only the familiar animals of the hunt that predominate in Paleolithic cave art , i.e. horses , cattle , reindeer , etc. , the walls of the Chauvet Cave are covered with predatory animals : lions , panthers , bears , owls , and hyenas .


set: The only traces left of the later occupation during the Gravettian include a child 's footprints , the charred remains of ancient hearths and carbon smoke stains from torches that lit the caves .

set: The later Gravettian occupation , which occurred 25,000 to 27,000 years ago , left little but a child 's footprints , the charred remains of ancient hearths and carbon smoke stains from torches that lit the caves .


set: There are hundreds of animal paintings found . At least 13 different species , including those which have rarely or never been found in other ice age paintings are represented .

set: Hundreds of animal paintings have been catalogued , depicting at least 13 different species , including some rarely or never found in other ice age paintings .


set: There are many fossilized bones , including the skulls of cave bears and the horned skull of an ibex .

set: Fossilized bones are abundant and include the skulls of cave bears and the horned skull of an ibex .


set: The cave contains the oldest known cave paintings , based on radiocarbon dating of `` black from drawings , from torch marks and from the floors . ''

set: The cave contains the oldest known cave paintings , based on radiocarbon dating of `` black from drawings , from torch marks and from the floors '' , according to Jean Clottes .


set: The footprints are probably one of the oldest human footprints in existence , being between 20,000 and 30,000 years old .

set: The footprints may be the oldest human footprints that can be dated accurately .


set: It appears to have been occupied by humans during two different periods : the Aurignacian and the Gravettian .

set: Based on radiocarbon dating , the cave appears to have been occupied by humans during two distinct periods : the Aurignacian and the Gravettian .


set: This combination of subjects has led experts in pre-historic art and cultures to believe that there was likely a ritualistic , shamanistic , or magical aspect to these paintings .

set: This combination of subjects has led experts in pre-historic art and cultures to believe that there was likely a ritual , shamanic , or magical aspect to these paintings .


set: Hiroaki Morishima ( born 30 April 1972 ) is a former Japanese football player .

set: Hiroaki Morishima is a former Japanese football midfielder .


set: Sagnes-et-Goudoulet is a commune in the ArdÃ che dÃ partement in southern France .

set: Sagnes-et-Goudoulet is a commune in the ArdÃ che department in southern France .


set: However , his beatification and canonization is opposed by many Jesuits , who think Savonarola 's attacks on the papacy to have been a serious crime .

set: His potential beatification and canonization is opposed by many Jesuits , who consider Savonarola 's ( secular ) conflict with the papacy to have been an intolerable crime .


set: Savonarola was born in Ferrara , the which was the capital of the independent Duchy of Ferrara .

set: Savonarola was born in Ferrara , the capital of an independent Duchy in Emilia-Romagna , northern Italy .


set: In 1479 he went to the convent of Santa Maria degli Angeli .

set: He immersed himself in theological study , and in 1479 transferred to the monastery of Santa Maria degli Angeli .


set: On May 13 , 1497 , Savonarola was excommunicated by Pope Alexander VI . In 1498 , Alexander demanded his arrest and execution .

set: On May 13 , 1497 , Savonarola was excommunicated by Pope Alexander VI , and in 1498 , Alexander demanded his arrest and execution .


set: Girolamo Savonarola ( September 21 , 1452 -- May 23 , 1498 ) , was an Italian Dominican priest and leader of Florence from 1494 until his execution in 1498 .

set: Girolamo Savonarola ( Ferrara , 21 September 1452 -- 23 May 1498 , Florence ) was an Italian Dominican friar and an influential contributor to the politics of Florence from 1494 until his execution in 1498 .


set: After Charles VIII of France invaded Florence in 1494 , the ruling Medici were removed . Savonarola became the new leader of the city , both as a secular leader and priest .

set: After Charles VIII of France invaded Florence in 1494 , the ruling Medici were overthrown and Savonarola emerged as the new leader of the city , combining in himself the role of leader and priest .


set: In 1482 the Dominicans sent him to Florence , the â city of his destinyâ .

set: Finally in 1482 the Order dispatched him to Florence , the â city of his destinyâ .


set: On April 8 , soldiers attacked the Convent of San Marco and after a bloody battle Savonarola 's guards and religious supporters were killed .

set: On April 8 , a crowd attacked the Convent of San Marco . In the ensuing struggle , several of Savonarolaâ s guards and religious supporters were killed .


set: The first , about the end of the world , was written when he was only 20 . Savonarola wrote the second poem `` De Ruina Mundi '' ( `` On the Downfall of the World '' ) in 1475 .

set: His stance against morally corrupt clergy was initially manifested in his poem on the destruction of the world entitled De Ruina Mundi ( On the Downfall of the World ) , written at the age of 20 .


set: Savonarola is famous for burning books , and for the destruction of what he considered immoral art .

set: He was known for his book burning , destruction of what he considered immoral art , and his perception of what he thought the Renaissance which began in his Florence and was at its beginningought to become .


set: In 1497 , he and his followers went to the Piazza della Signoria , and began to burn mirrors , cosmetics , obscene pictures , pagan books , gaming tables , musical instruments , fine dresses , womenâ s hats , and the works of immoral and ancient poets .

set: In 1497 , he and his followers carried out the Bonfire of the Vanities . They sent boys from door to door collecting items associated with moral laxity : mirrors , cosmetics , lewd pictures , pagan books , immoral sculptures ( which he wanted to be replaced by statues of the saints and modest depictions of biblical scenes ) , gaming tables , chess pieces , lutes and other musical instruments , fine dresses , womenâ s hats , and the works of immoral and ancient poets , and burnt them all in a large pile in the Piazza della Signoria of Florence .


set: After five years , he went back to Bologna where he became ` master of studiesâ .

set: He returned to Bologna where he became ` master of studiesâ .


set: Savonarola became a Dominican friar in 1475 , and entered the convent of San Domenico in Bologna .

set: Savonarola became a Dominican friar in 1475 and entered the monastery of San Domenico in Bologna .


set: Savonarola was a priest but he preached against the moral corruption of the clergy and the Church of Rome . His main enemy was Pope Alexander VI .

set: He vehemently preached against the moral corruption of much of the clergy at the time , and his main opponent was Rodrigo Borgia , who was Pope Alexander VI from 1492 , through to Savonarola 's death , in 1498 .


set: During his Ascension Day sermon on May 4 , 1497 , groups of young men rioted in the streets , people began singing and dancing , and the taverns reopened . The riot became a revolution .

set: During his Ascension Day sermon on May 4 , 1497 , bands of youths rioted , and the riot became a revolt : dancing and singing taverns reopened , and men again dared to gamble publicly .


set: He set up a rather modern democratic republic in Florence .


set: In his youth he studied the Bible , and then went to the University of Ferrara .

set: In his youth he studied the Bible , St. Thomas Aquinas and Aristotle . Savonarola initially studied at the University of Ferrara , where he appears to have taken an advanced Arts degree .


set: In the twentieth century , a movement for the canonization of `` FrÃ Savonarola '' began to develop within the Roman Catholic Church , particularly among Dominicans . Many believe that his excommunication and execution were not legal .

set: In the twentieth century , a movement for the canonization of FrÃ Savonarola began to develop within the Roman Catholic Church , particularly among Dominicans , with many judging his excommunication and execution to have been unjust .


set: Attelwil is a municipality of the district Zofingen in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland .

set: Attelwil is a municipality in the district of Zofingen in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland .


set: Derek Boogaard ( June 23 , 1982 â `` May 13 , 2011 ) was a NHL ice hockey left winger that played for 6 seasons in the National Hockey League for the Minnesota Wild and New York Rangers .

set: Derek Boogaard ( born June 23 , 1982 ) is a Canadian professional ice hockey left winger who currently plays for the New York Rangers of the National Hockey League ( NHL ) .


set: He was known for being an enforcer and for his physical play , this gained him the nicknames , `` Boogeyman '' and `` The Mountie '' .

set: Known primarily as a fighter and enforcer , he is nicknamed the `` Boogeyman '' and `` The Mountie '' .


set: Celtic Park is a football stadium in Parkhead , Glasgow , Scotland .

set: Celtic Park is a football stadium in the Parkhead area of Glasgow in Scotland .


set: Bristol is a city of Liberty County in the state of Florida in the United States .

set: Bristol is a city in and the county seat of Liberty County , Florida , United States .


set: This practice differs from what is standard for any given language .

set: This practice differs from what is standard for any given language , and it reaches its extremity concerning transliterations from other languages .


set: See Other websites below for online modern atlases and digitized historical atlases . The collection of digitized world atlases at DavidRumsey.com lists many significant atlases of the 18th-20th centuries .

set: Atlases have traditionally been bound into book form , but today many atlases are in multimedia formats .


set: Ryuhei Niwa ( born 13 January 1986 ) is a Japanese football player . He plays for Sagan Tosu .

set: Ryuhei Niwa is a Japanese football player who currently plays for Sagan Tosu .


set: Assumption is a city of Illinois in the United States .


set: In October 2008 , it was re-listed as worst road in Ontario .

set: In October 2008 , it was again crowned the worst road in Ontario .


set: Steeles Avenue is an east-west street that forms the northern city border of Toronto and the southern border of York Region , Ontario , Canada .

set: Steeles Avenue is an east-west street that forms the northern city limit of Toronto and the southern limit of York Region , Ontario , Canada .


set: It stops at Appleby Line on top of the Niagara Escarpment due to the Crawford Lake Conservation Area being there , and then the road starts again just east of Guelph Line and goes until the Milborough Townline on the border of Milton and Hamilton .

set: After breaking at Appleby Line atop the Niagara Escarpment due to the presence of the Crawford Lake Conservation Area , the road resumes just east of Guelph Line and continues until the Milborough Townline on the boundary between Milton and Hamilton .


set: Reasons are potholes and the quality of the road .

set: Reasons include potholes and general quality of surface .


set: It is 38.75 km within Toronto , between Albion Road and the Scarborough-Pickering border .

set: Through Toronto it runs for 38.75 km within Toronto , between Albion Road and the border with Pickering .


set: Soon after the CAA 's listing , some parts of the road between Dufferin Street and Bayview Avenue were resurfaced .

set: Soon after the results of CAA 's survey were made public , some parts of the road between Dufferin Street and Bayview Avenue were resurfaced .


set: West of Albion Road , Steeles continues into Peel Region , where it is also known as Peel Regional Road 15 .

set: West of Albion Road , Steeles Avenue continues into Peel Region , where it is also designated as Peel Regional Road 15 .


set: Steeles Avenue was listed as the worst road by the CAA in October 2006 , and as the fifth worst road in October 2007 .

set: Steeles Avenue was listed by the CAA as the `` worst road in October '' for 2006 , and as the fifth worst road in October 2007 .


set: Stetson University is a private , co-educational university in DeLand , Florida .

set: According to Gilbert Lycan , a Stetson history professor who wrote the university 's official centennial history in 1983 , Stetson University is Florida 's first university , public or private . Stetson University was founded in 1883 by Henry Addison DeLand , a New York philanthropist , as DeLand Academy .


set: Joule 's second law says that the internal energy of a gas does not change if volume and pressure change , but does change if temperature changes .

set: Joule 's second law states that the internal energy of an ideal gas is independent of its volume and pressure , depending only on its temperature .


set: Joule 's first law shows the relation between heat generated by an electric current flowing through a conductor .

set: Joule 's first law , also known as the Joule effect , is a physical law expressing the relationship between the heat generated by the current flowing through a conductor .


set: Joule 's laws are two laws about heat produced by an electric current and the energy dependence of a gas to pressure , volume , and temperature .

set: Joule 's laws are a pair of laws concerning the heat produced by a current and the energy dependence of an ideal gas to that of pressure , volume , and temperature , respectively .


set: It is named after James Prescott Joule and shown as :

set: It is named for James Prescott Joule who studied the phenomenon in the 1840s .


set: Herbetswil is a municipality in the district Thal in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland .

set: Herbetswil is a municipality in the district of Thal in the canton of Solothurn in Switzerland .


set: Nappanee is a city of Indiana in the United States .


set: Mark Alan Webber ( born 27 August 1976 in Queanbeyan , New South Wales ) is an Australian Formula One driver .

set: Mark Alan Webber ( born 27 August 1976 ) is an Australian Formula One driver .


set: Half points awarded as less than 75 % of race distance was completed .

set: Half points awarded as less than 75 % of race distance was completed by the winner .


set: In 2004 , the site was extended to include a large amount of the surrounding marine features as well as the islands themselves .

set: In 2004 , the WHS was extended to include a large amount of the surrounding marine features as well as the islands themselves .


set: It was inscribed by UNESCO as a ` natural site ' in 1986 .

set: In 1986 the islands became the first place in Scotland to be inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site , for its terrestrial natural features .


set: Currently , the only year-round residents are defense personnel . Various conservation workers , volunteers and scientists spend time there in the summer months .

set: Currently , the only year-round residents are defense personnel although a variety of conservation workers , volunteers and scientists spend time there in the summer months .


set: The entire population was evacuated from the island in 1930 .

set: The entire population was evacuated from Hirta ( the only inhabited island ) in 1930 .


set: AmayÃ - sur-Seulles is a commune . It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France .

set: AmayÃ - sur-Seulles is a commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France .


set: Menneville , Pas-de-Calais is a commune . It is found in the region Nord-Pas-de-Calais in the Pas-de-Calais department in the north of France .

set: Menneville is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in the Nord-Pas-de-Calais region of France .


set: Anamosa is a city of Iowa in the United States .

set: There are many different stories on how Anamosa was chosen as a name , but all center around a local Native American girl named Anamosa , which means white fawn .


set: Hard rock is a variation of rock music with roots in early 1960s garage rock and psychedelic rock .

set: Hard rock ( or heavy rock ) is a loosely defined genre of rock music which has its earliest roots in mid-1960s garage rock , blues rock and psychedelic rock .


set: Alfa Romeo has been a part of the Fiat Group since 1986 , and since February 2007 a part of Fiat Group Automobiles S.p.A. .

set: The company was owned by Italian state holding company Istituto per la Ricostruzione Industriale between 1932 and 1986 , when it became a part of the Fiat Group , and since February 2007 a part of Fiat Group Automobiles S.p.A.


set: Alfa Romeo Automobiles S.p.A. is an Italian car manufacturer created on June 24 , 1910 in Milan . Alfa Romeo has been a part of the Fiat Group since 1986 , and since February 2007 a part of Fiat Group Automobiles S.p.A. .

set: In the beginning of 2007 , Fiat Auto S.p.A. was reorganized and four new automobile companies were created ; Fiat Automobiles S.p.A. , Alfa Romeo Automobiles S.p.A. , Lancia Automobiles S.p.A. and Fiat Light Commercial Vehicles S.p.A. .


set: Alfa Romeo Automobiles S.p.A. is an Italian car manufacturer created on June 24 , 1910 in Milan .

set: Alfa Romeo Automobiles S.p.A. is an Italian manufacturer of cars . Founded as A.L.F.A. on June 24 , 1910 in Milan , the company has been involved in car racing since 1911 , and has a reputation for building expensive sports cars .


set: Ouendan is about a cheer squad who help people in trouble by cheering them on .

set: Ouendan stars a cheer squad rhythmically cheering for various troubled people .


set: Ouendan is a rhythm video game made by iNiS and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo DS handheld game console .

set: Ouendan , sometimes referred to as simply Ouendan , is a rhythm video game developed by iNiS and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo DS handheld game console in 2005 , for release only in Japan .


set: Paper Mario : The Thousand-Year Door ( or , as it is nicknamed , Paper Mario 2 ) is a Nintendo GameCube RPG ( role-playing game ) game developed by Nintendo .

set: Paper Mario : The Thousand-Year Door , released in Japan as Paper Mario RPG , is a console role-playing game developed by Intelligent Systems and published by Nintendo for the Nintendo GameCube . The Thousand-Year Door is the fourth game in the Mario RPG series and the second in the Paper Mario series .


set: Malarce-sur-la-Thines is a commune in the ArdÃ che dÃ partement in southern France .

set: Malarce-sur-la-Thines is a commune in the ArdÃ che department in southern France .


set: The neighborhood is very poor and ill-serviced however as of recently , small-scale construction has gone on in the area along with street renovations .

set: The neighborhood is very poor and ill-serviced , however , as of recently , small-scale construction has gone on in the area along with street renovations .


set: Carrefour is a poor district in the Ouest Department of Port-au-Prince , HaÃ ti .

set: Carrefour is a largely residential and very poor commune in the Port-au-Prince metropolitan area .


set: The district has an estimated population of 408,000 as of 2003 .


set: However , the actual amount of land mass claimed is not large ; most of the area defined as being in the Ross Dependency is either in the Ross Sea or the Antarctic Ocean .

set: The actual amount of land mass claimed is not large ; most of the area defined as being in the Ross Dependency is either in the Ross Sea or the Antarctic Ocean .


set: It is the smallest of the claims which were made prior to the implementation of the Antarctic Treaty System and the suspension of all territorial claims to Antarctica proper .

set: It is the second-smallest of the claims which were made prior to the implementation of the Antarctic Treaty System and the suspension of all territorial claims to Antarctica proper .


set: The scientific bases of Scott Base ( New Zealand ) and McMurdo Station ( USA ) are the only permanently occupied human settlements in the area â `` apart from the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station at the very edge of the territory .

set: The scientific bases of Scott Base ( New Zealand ) and McMurdo Station ( USA ) currently form the only permanently occupied human habitations in the area -- unless one includes the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station located just inside the very southern corner of the territory .


set: In the late 1980s , the British non-governmental exploratory vessel Southern Quest sank in the Ross Sea , United States Coast Guard helicopters rescued the crew , who were taken to McMurdo Station .

set: In the summer of 1985 , when the British non-governmental exploratory vessel Southern Quest sank in the Ross Sea , United States Coast Guard helicopters rescued the crew , who were taken to McMurdo Station .


set: The Dependency takes its name from Sir James Clark Ross , who discovered the Ross Sea .

set: The Dependency takes its name from Sir James Clark Ross , who discovered the Ross Sea , and includes part of Victoria Land , and most of the Ross Ice Shelf .


set: In 1951 , the Hilfsgemeinschaft auf Gegenseitigkeit der ehemaligen AngehÃ rigen der Waffen-SS was founded , in Germany . This translates to Mutual support organization of former members of the Waffen-SS ' .

set: The HIAG ( Hilfsgemeinschaft auf Gegenseitigkeit der AngehÃ rigen der ehemaligen Waffen-SS , literally `` Mutual Help Association of Former Waffen-SS Members '' ) was an organization founded in 1951 by former members of the Waffen-SS to provide assistance to veterans , and campaign for the rehabilitation of their legal status with respect to veterans ' pensions .


set: It is located in the Hoya de Enriquillo with an area of 265 km .

set: It is located in the Hoya de Enriquillo with an area of 265 kmÂ .


set: It occupies the eastern two-thirds of Hispaniola ; Haiti occupies the western one-third of the island . The land border between these two countries is 388 km long .

set: The land border between the Dominican Republic and Haiti , which occupies the western one-third of the island , is 388 km long .


set: There are several smaller islands and cays that are part of the Dominican Republic .

set: There are several smaller islands and cays that are part of the Dominican territory .


set: The country has a tropical climate but modified by elevation and the trade winds ( winds that come from the northeast , from the Atlantic Ocean ) , which blow from the Atlantic all year long .

set: The country is a tropical , maritime nation . Conditions are ameliorated in many areas by elevation and by the northeast trade winds , which blow steadily from the Atlantic all year long .


set: The rain season is from May to November .

set: The rain season for the northern coast is from November to January . For the rest of the country , the rain season is from May to November .


set: Temperatures very few times get above 32 Â C ; temperatures get below 0 Â C only in the highest mountains in winter .

set: Temperatures rarely rise above 32 Â , and freezing temperatures only occur in winter in the highest mountains .


set: Puerto Rico is to the southeast separated by the Mona Channel , of about 130 km wide .

set: The Mona Passage , a channel about 130 km wide , separates the country ( and Hispaniola ) from Puerto Rico .


set: Others lakes are RincÃ n ( fresh water , area of 28.2 km ) , Oviedo ( brackish water , area of 28 km ) , Redonda , LimÃ n.

set: Others lakes are RincÃ n ( fresh water , area of 28.2 kmÂ ) , Oviedo ( brackish water , area of 28 kmÂ ) , Redonda , LimÃ n.


set: The western valleys , along the Haitian border , remain relatively dry , with less than 760 mm of annual precipitation .

set: The western valleys , along the Haitian border , remain relatively dry , with less than 760 m of annual precipitation , due to the rain shadow effect caused by the central and northern mountain ranges .


set: The Dominican Republic ( Spanish : RepÃ blica Dominicana ) is a country in the Caribbean .

set: The Dominican Republic ( Spanish : RepÃ blica Dominicana ) is a country in the West Indies that occupies the eastern two-thirds of Hispaniola .


set: The largest lake of the Hispaniola , and of the Caribbean , is the Lake Enriquillo .

set: The largest lake of the Hispaniola , and of the West Indies , is the Lake Enriquillo .


set: The chains of mountains show a direction northwest-southeast and they are separated by valleys with the same general direction .

set: The chains of mountains show a direction northwest-southeast , except in the Southern peninsula ( in Haiti ) where they have a direction west-east . The mountains are separated by valleys with the same general direction .


set: The northwestern and southeastern extremes of the country are also very dry .

set: The northwestern and southeastern extremes of the country are also arid .


set: The Dominican Republic is a country with many mountains ; the highest peaks of the Caribbean are found here .

set: The Dominican Republic is a country with many mountains , and the highest peaks of the West Indies are found here .


set: Miguel Olivo ( born July 15 , 1978 ) is a Major League Baseball player from Villa Vasquez , Dominican Republic . Olivo plays as a catcher for the Seattle Mariners .

set: Miguel Eduardo Olivo PeÃ a ( born July 15 , 1978 in Villa Vasquez , Dominican Republic ) is a Major League Baseball catcher for the Seattle Mariners .


set: In 1996 , Olivo was signed as a free agent by the Oakland Athletics .

set: Olivo was originally signed as an undrafted free agent by the Oakland Athletics in and played in the A 's minor-league system through .


set: Olivo made his Major League Baseball debut on September 15 , 2002 , for the Chicago White Sox .

set: He made his major league debut on September 15 , 2002 with the Chicago White Sox and played 6 games that year .


set: In December , 2000 , he was traded to the Chicago White Sox for Chad Bradford .

set: In December , 2000 , he was traded to the Chicago White Sox for Chad Bradford , an episode recounted in a chapter of the popular baseball\/business book Moneyball , although Olivo was mentioned only in passing .


set: Much of the excess mortality ( higher death rates ) in poorer nations is due to war , not enough food , and diseases ( AIDS , Malaria , etc. ) .

set: Much of the excess mortality ( higher death rates ) in poorer nations is due to war , starvation , and diseases ( AIDS , Malaria , etc. ) .


set: There are great changes in life expectancy between different parts of the world , mostly caused by differences in public health , medical care and diet .

set: There are great variations in life expectancy between different parts of the world , mostly caused by differences in public health , medical care and diet .


set: According to the CIA World Factbook , Macau has the world 's longest life expectancy of 84.4 years .

set: According to the CIA World Factbook , Monaco has the world 's longest life expectancy of 89.8 years ( and Macau Special Administrative Region of the People 's Republic of China has the world 's second longest life expectancy of 84.4 years ) .


set: For example , in the U.S. White Americans are expected to live until age 78 , but African Americans only until age 71 .

set: For example , in the U.S. White Americans are expected to live until age 78.2 , but black people only until age 73.6 .


set: For example , in the United Kingdom , life expectancy in the richest areas is several years longer than in the poorest areas .

set: For example , in the United Kingdom , life expectancy in the wealthiest areas is several years longer than in the poorest areas .


set: Economic circumstances also affect life expectancy .

set: Economic circumstances may also affect life expectancy .


set: It may also reflect a selective effect : people with chronic life-threatening illnesses are less likely to become wealthy or to reside in rich areas .

set: It may also reflect a selective effect : people with chronic life-threatening illnesses are less likely to become wealthy or to reside in affluent areas .


set: Over the past 200 years , countries with Black or African populations have generally not had the same improvements in mortality rates that have been enjoyed by European people .

set: Over the past 200 years , countries with Black or African populations have generally not had the same improvements in mortality rates that have been enjoyed by populations of European origin .


set: Even in countries with a majority of White people , such as USA , Britain , Ireland and France , Black people tend to have shorter life expectancies than their White counterparts ( although often the statistics are not analyzed by race ) .

set: Even in countries with a majority of White people , such as USA , Britain , Ireland and France , Black people tend to have shorter life expectancies than their White counterparts .


set: Gillett Grove is a city of Iowa in the United States .

set: Gillett Grove is a city in Clay County , Iowa , United States .


set: There may be details in the ( deletion log ) .

set: Details can be found in the ( deletion log for this page ) .


set: Vilfredo Federico Pareto ( born Wilfried Fritz Pareto , 1848-1923 ) was an Italian engineer , economist , and sociologist .

set: Vilfredo Federico Damaso Pareto ( ; 15 July 1848 â `` 19 August 1923 ) , born Wilfried Fritz Pareto , was an Italian engineer , sociologist , economist , and philosopher .


set: He introduced the concept of Pareto efficiency and helped develop the field of microeconomics . He also was the first to discover that income follows a Pareto distribution , which is a power law probability distribution .


set: He made several important contributions to economics ; he looked at the distribution of income .

set: He made several important contributions to economics , particularly in the study of income distribution and in the analysis of individuals ' choices .


set: Unlike the clouds on Earth , however , which are made of mostly crystals of ice , Neptune 's clouds are made up of crystals of frozen methane .

set: Unlike the clouds on Earth , however , which are composed of crystals of ice , Neptune 's cirrus clouds are made up of crystals of frozen methane .


set: However , a new spot that looked very much like the old spot appeared in Neptune 's northern hemisphere .

set: However , an almost identical spot emerged in Neptune 's northern hemisphere .


set: The spot was seen at different times with different sizes and shapes .

set: The spot was observed at different times with different sizes and shapes .


set: When pictures were going to be taken of the Great Dark Spot again in November 1994 by the Hubble Space Telescope , it had gone away completely , leaving astronomers to believe that it had either been covered up or that it had just disappeared .

set: When the spot was to be photographed again in November 1994 by the Hubble Space Telescope , it had disappeared completely , leaving astronomers to believe that it had either been covered up or vanished .


set: The dark , elliptically-shaped spot ( with initial dimensions of 13,000 Ã -- 6,600 km , or 8,100 Ã -- 4,100 mi ) was about the same size as Earth , and was similar looking to Jupiter 's Great Red Spot .

set: The dark , elliptically-shaped spot ( with initial dimensions of 13,000 Ã -- 6,600 km , or 8,100 Ã -- 4,100 mi ) was about the same size as Earth , and was similar in general appearance to Jupiter 's Great Red Spot .


set: Dark spots may disappear when they move too close to the equator or possibly through some other unknown way .

set: Dark spots may dissipate when they migrate too close to the equator , or possibly through some other unknown mechanisms .


set: It was discovered in 1989 by NASA 's Voyager 2 probe .

set: The first one was observed in 1989 by NASA 's Voyager 2 probe .


set: As they are stable features that can last for several months , they are thought to be vortex structures .

set: As they are stable features that can persist for several months , they are thought to be vortex structures .


set: This new spot , called the Northern Great Dark Spot ( NGDS ) , has remained able to be seen for several years .

set: This new spot , called the Northern Great Dark Spot ( NGDS ) , has remained visible for several years .


set: And while Neptune 's clouds usually form and then disappear within a period of a few hours , the clouds in the Great Dark Spot were still present after 36 hours , or two rotations of the planet .

set: And while cirrus clouds usually form and then disperse within a period of a few hours , the clouds in the Great Dark Spot were still present after 36 hours , or two rotations of the planet .


set: Based on pictures taken by Voyager and since then with the Hubble Space Telescope , Neptune appears to spend a little bit more than half its time with a Great Dark Spot .

set: Based on observations taken by Voyager and since then with the Hubble Space Telescope , Neptune appears to spend somewhat more than half its time with a Great Dark Spot .


set: However , the insides of Great Dark Spots are mostly cloud-free , and unlike Jupiter 's spot , which has lasted for hundreds of years , their lifetimes appear to be much shorter , forming and disappearing once every few years or so .

set: However , the interiors of Great Dark Spots are relatively cloud-free , and unlike Jupiter 's spot , which has lasted for hundreds of years , their lifetimes appear to be much shorter , forming and dissipating once every few years or so .


set: The persistence of companion clouds shows that some former dark spots may continue to exist as cyclones even though they are no longer able to be seen as a dark feature .

set: The persistence of companion clouds shows that some former dark spots may continue to exist as cyclones even though they are no longer visible as a dark feature .


set: The Great Dark Spot ( also known as GDS-89 ) is a dark spot on Neptune similar in appearance to Jupiter 's Great Red Spot .

set: The Great Dark Spot ( also known as GDS-89 ) is the name given to a series of dark spots on Neptune similar in appearance to Jupiter 's Great Red Spot .


set: Neptune 's dark spots are thought to happen in the troposphere at lower heights ( or altitudes ) than the brighter upper cloud deck features .

set: Neptune 's dark spots are thought to occur in the troposphere at lower altitudes than the brighter upper cloud deck features .


set: The Great Dark Spot is thought to be a hole in the methane cloud deck of Neptune .

set: The Great Dark Spot is thought to represent a hole in the methane cloud deck of Neptune .


set: Although it appears similar to Jupiter 's spot , which is an anticyclonic storm ( this is like a hurricane ) , it is believed that the Great Dark Spot is an atmospheric hole similar to the hole in Earth 's ozone layer .

set: Like Jupiter 's spot , they are anticyclonic storms .


set: Denis won the 1981 Vezina Trophy with Montreal along with Michel Larocque and Richard Sevigny and in 1982 he won the William M. Jennings Trophy with Rick Wamsley .

set: In 1981 , Herron was awarded the Vezina Trophy with teammates Michel Larocque and Richard Sevigny . In 1982 , Herron shared the William M. Jennings Trophy with fellow netminder Rick Wamsley .


set: Denis Herron ( b. June 18 , 1952 in Chambly , Quebec ) is a former Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender who played for the Montreal Canadiens , Kansas City Scouts , and Pittsburgh Penguins in the National Hockey League .

set: Denis Bernard Herron ( born June 18 , 1952 in Chambly , Quebec ) is a former Canadian professional ice hockey goaltender who played for the Montreal Canadiens , Kansas City Scouts , and Pittsburgh Penguins in the National Hockey League .


set: Hiroyuki Omata ( born 1 September 1983 ) is a Japanese football player . He plays for Cerezo Osaka .

set: Hiroyuki Omata ( born September 1 , 1983 in Tokyo , Japan ) is a Japanese football player currently playing for Japanese club Cerezo Osaka .


set: Ryo Kobayashi ( born 12 September 1982 ) is a Japanese football player . He plays for Montedio Yamagata .

set: Ryo Kobayashi is a Japanese football player currently playing for Montedio Yamagata .


set: Tin ( II ) iodide , also known as stannous iodide , is a chemical compound . Its chemical formula is SnI2 .

set: Tin ( II ) iodide , also known as stannous iodide , is an ionic compound of tin and iodine with the formula SnI2 .


set: He was a journalist and news anchor for World News Tonight on ABC between 1983 and 2005 .

set: He was the sole anchor of ABC 's World News Tonight from 1983 until his death in 2005 of complications from lung cancer .


set: Gold or golden is a yellowish orange color , that is a bit like the color of the metal gold .

set: The web color gold is sometimes referred to as golden to distinguish it from the color metallic gold . The use of gold as a color term in traditional usage is more often applied to the color `` metallic gold '' ( shown below ) .


set: The web color gold ( shown at right ) is sometimes referred to as golden in order to distinguish it from the color metallic gold . The use of gold as a color term in traditional usage is more often applied to the color `` metallic gold '' ( shown below ) .

set: At right is displayed a representation of the color metallic gold ( the color traditionally known as gold ) which is a simulation of the color of the actual metallic element gold itselfâ '' gold shade .


set: The first recorded use of golden as a color name in English was in the year 1300 to refer to the element gold and in 1423 to refer to blonde hair .

set: The first recorded use of golden as a color name in English was in 1300 to refer to the element gold and in 1423 to refer to blond hair .


set: The web color gold ( shown at right ) is sometimes referred to as golden in order to distinguish it from the color metallic gold .

set: The web color gold is sometimes referred to as golden to distinguish it from the color metallic gold .


set: United Arab Emirates national football team is the national football team of United Arab Emirates .

set: The United Arab Emirates national football team represents United Arab Emirates in association football and is controlled by the United Arab Emirates Football Association , the governing body for football in United Arab Emirates .


set: Samanda ( Amanda Louise Marchant and Samantha Joanne Marchant ) , born 26 June , 1988 , are a female duo based in the United Kingdom .

set: Amanda Louise Marchant and Samantha Joanne Marchant ( born 26 June 1988 , England ) , better known as Samanda are a female duo , consisting of twin sisters who first came to fame on Big Brother UK in 2007 , in which they jointly achieved second place .


set: Carl Fearns ( born 28 May 1989 in Liverpool , England ) is a rugby union player for Sale Sharks in the Guinness Premiership .

set: Carl Fearns ( born 28 May 1989 in Liverpool , England ) is a rugby union player for Sale Sharks in the Aviva Premiership .


set: Li Tie ( born 18 September 1977 ) is a Chinese football player .

set: Li Tie ( ; born September 18 , 1977 in Shenyang , Liaoning ) is a Chinese professional footballer currently playing for Liaoning Hongyun .


set: FIU 's programs in law , architecture and business are amongst its most well-ranked and most known programs . The mascot of FIU is a panther , named Roary , and students and fans of the university 's athletic teams are often called `` Golden Panthers '' .

set: FIU has also increased its academic prestige with the founding of the FIU School of Architecture , FIU College of Law and the FIU College of Medicine , as well as the acquisition of the historic Wolfsonian-FIU Museum in Miami Beach .


set: Florida International University ( FIU ) is a public research university in Miami , Florida in the United States .

set: Florida International University ( commonly referred to as FIU ) is an American public research university in Miami , Florida , in the United States , with its main campus at University Park .


set: David Jemmali ( born 13 December 1974 ) is a Tunisian football player .

set: David Jemmali ( born 13 December 1974 ) is a French-Tunisian football defender who is currently play with Grenoble Foot 38 .


set: Kyohei Noda ( born 6 October 1981 ) is a Japanese football player . He plays for Gifu .

set: Kyohei Noda is a professional footballer for F.C. Gifu in Japan 's J. League Division 2 .


set: FlÃ malle is a municipality located in the Belgian province of LiÃ ge .

set: FlÃ malle is a Walloon municipality located in the Belgian province of LiÃ ge .


set: These islands are sometimes called Oceania . The Pacific Islands are in three groups .

set: The region 's islands are classified into two groups , high islands and low islands .


set: Pacific Islands are islands that are in the Pacific Ocean . There are about 20,000 or 30,000 of them .

set: The Pacific Islands comprise 20,000 to 30,000 islands in the Pacific Ocean .


set: These groups are Polynesia , Melanesia , and Micronesia .

set: Melanesia , the most populous of the three regions , contains mainly high islands , while most of Micronesia and Polynesia are low islands .


set: John Lester `` Johnny '' Nash Jr. ( August 19 , 1940 - ) , is a American reggae and soul singer .

set: John `` Johnny '' Lester Nash , Jr. ( born August 19 , 1940 ) is an American pop singer-songwriter , best known for his 1972 hit , `` I Can See Clearly Now '' .


set: The increase in average life span in the 20th century is credited to public health achievements , such as vaccination programs and control of infectious diseases , effective safety policies of motor-vehicle and occupational safety , improved family planning , chlorination of drinking water , smoke-free measures , and programs on decreasing chronic disease such as cancer , heart disease and more physical exercise .

set: During the 20th century , the dramatic increase in average life span is widely credited to public health achievements , such as vaccination programs and control of infectious diseases , effective safety policies such as motor-vehicle and occupational safety , improved family planning , chlorination of drinking water , smoke-free measures , and programs designed to decrease chronic disease .


set: It bases on health analysis of a handful of people or all the inhabitants of several continents rather than on an individual .

set: It is concerned with threats to the overall health of a community based on population health analysis . The population in question can be as small as a handful of people or as large as all the inhabitants of several continents ( for instance , in the case of a pandemic ) .


set: Public health is the science dealing with prevention of a disease that is a threat to the overall health of a community , as well as with prolonging life and promoting health . The aims are achieved through the organized efforts and informed choices of society , public and private organizations , communities and individuals .

set: Public health is `` the science and art of preventing disease , prolonging life and promoting health through the organized efforts and informed choices of society , organizations , public and private , communities and individuals '' ( 1920 , C.E.A. Winslow ) .


set: Public health intervention prevents rather than treats a disease through surveillance of cases and promotes healthy behaviors such as hand washing , vaccination programs and distribution of condoms .

set: Hand washing , vaccination programs and distribution of condoms are examples of public health measures .


set: Public health includes such parts as epidemiology , biostatistics , health services , environmental , social , behavioral , and occupational health .

set: Public health is typically divided into epidemiology , biostatistics and health services . Environmental , social , behavioral , and occupational health are other important subfields .


set: Public health plays an important role in disease prevention efforts in the developing world and in developed countries , through local health systems and through international non-governmental organizations .

set: Public health plays an important role in disease prevention efforts in both the developing world and in developed countries , through local health systems and through international non-governmental organizations .


set: The global health system needs to find a way to even out communicable and non communicable diseases .

set: Furthermore , while communicable diseases have historically ranged uppermost as a global health priority , non communicable and behavior-related diseases have been at the bottom .


set: From the beginning , human civilization recognized that polluted water and lack of proper waste disposal spread communicable diseases .

set: From the beginnings of human civilization , it was recognized that polluted water and lack of proper waste disposal spread communicable diseases ( theory of miasma ) .


set: Early religions attempted to regulate behavior related to health , from types of food eaten , to behaviors , such as drinking alcohol or sexual relations .

set: Early religions attempted to regulate behavior that specifically related to health , from types of food eaten , to regulating certain indulgent behaviors , such as drinking alcohol or sexual relations .


set: In some ways , public health is a modern concept , although it has roots in antiquity .


set: In the developing world , there may not be enough trained health workers or monetary resources to provide a basic level of medical care and disease prevention .

set: There may not be enough trained health workers or monetary resources to provide even a basic level of medical care and disease prevention .


set: Later they started build of sewers , the regular collection of garbage , incineration or disposal , providing clean water and draining standing water to prevent the breeding of mosquitos .

set: Other public health interventions include latrinization , the building of sewers , the regular collection of garbage followed by incineration or disposal in a landfill , providing clean water and draining standing water to prevent the breeding of mosquitoes .


set: In recent years , public health programs providing vaccinations have made strides in promoting health , including the eradication of smallpox .

set: In recent years , public health programs providing vaccinations have made incredible strides in promoting health , including the eradication of smallpox , a disease that plagued humanity for thousands of years .


set: Governments placed responsibility on leaders to develop public health policies and programs in order to gain some understanding of the causes of disease , ensure social stability prosperity , and maintain order .

set: The establishment of governments placed responsibility on leaders to develop public health policies and programs in order to gain some understanding of the causes of disease and thus ensure social stability prosperity , and maintain order .


set: The industrial revolution initially caused the spread of disease through large conurbations around workhouses and factories .

set: The industrial revolution had initially caused the spread of disease through large conurbations around workhouses and factories .


set: Most governments recognize the importance of public health programs in reducing the incidence of disease , disability , and the effects of aging , although public health generally receives significantly less government funding compared with medicine .

set: Today , most governments recognize the importance of public health programs in reducing the incidence of disease , disability , and the effects of aging , although public health generally receives significantly less government funding compared with medicine .


set: In outbreaks of an infectious disease , treating a disease may be vital to preventing it in others .

set: In addition to these activities , in many cases treating a disease may be vital to preventing it in others , such as during an outbreak of an infectious disease .


set: The Northern League , was an independent baseball league which merged with the Golden Baseball League and the United Baseball League to form the North American League .

set: It later merged with the Golden Baseball League and the United Baseball League to form the North American League .


set: This bill is made of horny plates . Along the sides are the two `` tubes '' .

set: This bill is composed of several horny plates , and along the sides are the two `` tubes '' , long nostrils that give the order its former name .


set: The feet have no last toe and the three other toes are all webbed .

set: The feet have no hind toe and the three anterior toes are completely webbed .


set: Instead , albatrosses eat squids that die after mating , or after they have been vomited by squid-eating whales ( such as sperm whales and pilot whales ) .

set: The source of these dead squid is a matter of debate ; some certainly comes from squid fisheries , but in nature it primarily comes from the die-off that occurs after squid spawning and the vomit of squid-eating whales ( sperm whales , pilot whales and Southern Bottlenose Whales ) .


set: In the case of more bigger albatrosses , it can take up to 280 days . And even for the smaller albatrosses , it can take from 140 to 170 days .

set: In the case of the great albatrosses , it can take up to 280 days ; even for the smaller albatrosses , it takes anywhere between 140 and 170 days .


set: From the 21 albatross species found by the IUCN on their list , 19 are threatened , and the other two are very near to being threatened as well .

set: Of the 21 albatross species recognized by IUCN on their Red List , 19 are threatened , and the other two are near threatened .


set: During this time the parents feed the chick small meals .

set: During this period the parents feed the chick small meals when they relieve each other from duty .


set: They come up with solutions such as fishing at night , dying the bait in a blue color to hide it from the albatrosses , setting the bait under the water , and more .

set: Techniques such as setting long-line bait at night , dying the bait blue , setting the bait underwater , increasing the amount of weight on lines and using bird scarers can all reduce the seabird by-catch .


set: They find food such as fresh squid , fish and krill .

set: The meals are composed of both fresh squid , fish and krill , as well as stomach oil , an energy-rich food that is lighter to carry than undigested prey items .


set: The Waved Albatross , however , does not make a nest but instead moves its egg around the pairâ s territory , as much as 50 m ( 160 ft ) . This may sometimes make it lose the egg .

set: The Waved Albatross , on the other hand , makes no nest and will even move its egg around the pair 's territory , as much as 50 m , sometimes causing it to lose the egg .


set: In the southern hemisphere , most people still call the albatross mollymawk , which came from the word malle-mugge , an old Dutch .

set: In the southern hemisphere , the name mollymawk is still well established in some areas , which is a corrupted form of malle-mugge , an old Dutch name for the Northern Fulmar .


set: The OED explains that the word alcatraz was at first supposed to be used for the frigatebird . But perhaps the change of the word to albatross was because of the Latin word albus .

set: The OED notes that the word alcatraz was originally applied to the frigatebird ; the modification to albatross was perhaps influenced by Latin albus , meaning `` white '' , in contrast to frigatebirds which are black .


set: Other species , like the Black-browed Albatross or the Grey-headed Albatross , eats smaller species of squid that sink after they die , and they do not scavenge a lot .

set: The diet of other species , like the Black-browed Albatross or the Grey-headed Albatross , is rich with smaller species of squid that tend to sink after death , and scavenging is not assumed to play a large role in their diet .


set: One important step towards protecting albatrosses and other seabirds is the 2001 treaty by the Agreement on the Conservation of Albatrosses and Petrels , which eight countries , Australia , Ecuador , New Zealand , Spain , South Africa , France , Peru and the United Kingdom , agreed with .

set: One important step towards protecting albatrosses and other seabirds is the 2001 treaty the Agreement on the Conservation of Albatrosses and Petrels , which came into force in 2004 and has been ratified by thirteen countries , Australia , Argentina , Brazil and Chile Ecuador , New Zealand , Spain , South Africa , France , Peru , Uruguay and the United Kingdom .


set: The albatross eats cephalopods , fish , crustaceans and offal . Sometimes , they may also eat carrion and or other kinds of zooplankton .

set: The albatross diet is predominantly cephalopods , fish , crustaceans , and offal , although they will also scavenge carrion and feed on other zooplankton .


set: The parents both take turns to go and find food , that are about 12 % of their body weight ( around 600 g ( 21 oz ) ) .

set: The parents adopt alternative patterns of short and long foraging trips , providing meals that weigh around 12 % of their body weight ( around 600 g ) .


set: In Portuguese , the word still presently used for the bird , albatroz , came from the English albatross .

set: In modern Portuguese , the word used for the bird , albatroz , is in turn derived from English albatross .


set: Great Albatrosses are among the largest of flying birds .

set: Albatrosses are among the largest of flying birds , and the great albatrosses ( genus Diomedea ) have the largest wingspans of any extant birds .


set: The tubes of all albatrosses are on the sides of the bill .

set: The tubes of all albatrosses are along the sides of the bill , unlike the rest of the Procellariiformes where the tubes run along the top of the bill .


set: In all albatross species , both parents incubate the egg from between one day and three weeks .

set: In all albatross species , both parents incubate the egg in stints that last between one day and three weeks .


set: This is because of the waste thrown out by ships and trash dumped into the ocean . Sometimes the litter on beaches can also be washed into the sea by rivers .

set: The amount of plastic in the seas has increased dramatically since the first record in the 1960s , coming from waste discarded by ships , offshore dumping , litter on beaches and waste washed to sea by rivers .


set: Some kinds of albatrosses live up to 50 years . The oldest albatross recorded was the Northern Royal Albatross that lived for 61 years .

set: Albatrosses are very long lived ; most species survive upwards of 50 years , the oldest recorded being a Northern Royal Albatross that was ringed as an adult and survived for another 51 years , giving it an estimated age of 61 .


set: Albatross chicks learn to fly on their own . Their parents do not teach them , and instead they return to the nest even after their chick has left .

set: Albatross chicks fledge on their own and receive no further help from their parents , who return to the nest after fledging , unaware their chick has left .


set: They were once known as Goonie birds or Gooney birds , especially the albatrosses in the North Pacific .

set: They were once commonly known as Goonie birds or Gooney birds , particularly those of the North Pacific .


set: Incubation lasts around 70 to 80 days . This time may become more longer for the larger albatrosses .

set: Incubation lasts around 70 to 80 days ( longer for the larger albatrosses ) , the longest incubation period of any bird .


set: The great albatrosses take over a year to raise a chick .

set: The great albatrosses ( like the Wandering Albatross ) take over a year to raise a chick from laying to fledging .


set: Three of them are in the North Pacific , from Hawaii to Japan , California and Alaska . The last one , the Waved Albatross , is in the Galapagos Islands and finds food in the coast of South America .

set: The exceptions to this are the four North Pacific albatrosses , of which three occur exclusively in the North Pacific , from Hawaii to Japan , California and Alaska ; and one , the Waved Albatross , breeds in the Galapagos Islands and feeds off the coast of South America .


set: The use of some of these ideas are also successful by stopping the number of many Black-browed Albatross that died in the last 10 years .

set: The use of some of these techniques in the Patagonian Toothfish fishery in the Falkland Islands is thought to have reduced the number of Black-browed Albatross taken by the fleet in the last 10 years .


set: Albatross chicks take a long time to fledge ( learn how to fly ) .

set: Albatross chicks take a long time to fledge .


set: This was thought because some species do not dive deeper than a metre . However , this theory was not true because some species have a mean diving depth of almost 5 m and can dive as deep as 12.5 m. They have now been seen to eat from the surface and diving , and sometimes also plunge from the air to snatch their prey .

set: The deployment of capillary depth recorders , which record the maximum dive depth undertaken by a bird ( between attaching it to a bird and recovering it when it returns to land ) , has shown that while some species , like the Wandering Albatross , do not dive deeper than a metre , some species , like the Light-mantled Albatross , have a mean diving depth of almost 5 m and can dive as deep as 12.5 m. In addition to surface feeding and diving , they have now also been observed plunge diving from the air to snatch prey .


set: There are four main species of albatross : Great Albatrosses , North Pacific Albatrosses , Mollymawks and Sooty Albatrosses .

set: The four genera are the great albatrosses ( Diomedea ) , the mollymawks ( Thalassarche ) , the North Pacific albatrosses ( Phoebastria ) , and the sooty albatrosses or sooties ( Phoebetria ) . Of the four genera , the North Pacific albatrosses are considered to be a sister taxon to the great albatrosses , while the sooty albatrosses are considered closer to the mollymawks .


set: But in truth , this is just a myth , because sailors regularly killed and ate them .

set: In part due to the poem , there is a widespread myth that ( all ) sailors believe it disastrous to shoot or harm an albatross ; in truth , sailors regularly killed and ate them , e.g. , as reported by James Cook in 1772 .


set: The albatrosses are a group of large to very large birds ; they are the largest of the procellariiformes .


set: Like most seabirds , albatrosses live much longer than other birds .

set: Like most seabirds , albatrosses are K-selected with regard to their life history , meaning they live much longer than other birds , they delay breeding for longer , and invest more effort into fewer young .


set: Most albatrosses are found in the southern hemisphere from Antarctica to Australia , South Africa and South America .

set: Most albatrosses range in the southern hemisphere from Antarctica to Australia , South Africa and South America .


set: All the albatrosses in the south live in large nests . They make it with grass , soil , and sometimes penguin feathers .

set: All the southern albatrosses create large nests for their egg , utilizing grass , shrubs , soil , peat , and even penguin feathers , whereas the three species in the north Pacific make more rudimentary nests .


set: This plastic is sometimes vomited out and fed to the chicks from the parents .

set: This plastic is sometimes regurgitated and fed to chicks ; a study of Laysan Albatross chicks on Midway Atoll showed large amounts of ingested plastic in naturally dead chicks compared to healthy chicks killed in accidents .


set: Conservationists have also worked on taking away the introduced species to protect the albatrosses .

set: Conservationists have also worked on the field of island restoration , removing introduced species that threaten native wildlife , which protects albatrosses from introduced predators .


set: After hatching , the chick is taken care of and guarded for three weeks until it is large enough to take care of and fight for itself .

set: After hatching , the chick , which is semi-altricial , is brooded and guarded for three weeks until it is large enough to defend and thermoregulate itself .


set: Another threat to albatrosses are introduced species , like rats or feral cats ( cats that live without being cared for by people ) , which attack the albatross or its chicks and eggs .

set: Another threat to albatrosses is introduced species , such as rats or feral cats , which directly attack the albatross or its chicks and eggs .


set: When they do this , it takes a lot of energy , and the adult can lose as much as 83 g ( 2.9 oz ) of body weight a day .

set: It can be an energetically demanding process , with the adult losing as much as 83 g of body weight a day .


set: From the two albatross species that live in Hawaii , one of them , the Black-footed Albatross , eats mostly fish .

set: Of the two albatross species found in Hawaii , one , the Black-footed Albatross , takes mostly fish while the Laysan feeds on squid .


set: Albatrosses lay one egg , white with reddish brown spots . But if the egg is taken by other predators or accidentally broken , the parents will not lay another egg for that whole year .

set: Albatrosses lay a single subelliptical egg , white with reddish brown spots , in a breeding season ; if the egg is lost to predators or accidentally broken , then no further breeding attempts are made that year .


set: For example , on Gough Island , the chicks of Tristan Albatrosses are attacked and eaten alive by house mice .

set: Even species as small as mice can be detrimental ; on Gough Island the chicks of Tristan Albatrosses are attacked and eaten alive by introduced house mice .


set: The name Diomedea , given to the albatrosses by Linnaeus , is from the story about the Greek warrior Diomedes becoming a bird .

set: The name Diomedea , assigned to the albatrosses by Linnaeus , references the mythical metamorphosis of the companions of the Greek warrior Diomedes into birds .


set: The name albatross came from the Arabic word al-c Ã cents dous or al - Ä aÅ # Å # Ä s. This means a pelican , or can mean `` the diver '' . This word later became English , also mixed with the Portuguese word alcatraz , which means `` gannet '' .

set: The name albatross is derived from the Arabic al-c Ã cents dous or al - Ä aÅ # Å # Ä s ( a pelican ; literally , `` the diver '' ) , which traveled to English via the Portuguese form alcatraz ( `` gannet '' ) , which is also the origin of the name of the former prison , Alcatraz .


set: Between 15 % and 65 % of those who fledged survive to find their mate after .

set: Between 15 % and 65 % of those fledged survive to breed .


set: Machine guns are divided into heavy-duty machine guns , and sub-machine guns .

set: Machine guns are generally categorized as sub-machine guns , machine guns , or autocannons .


set: During the Vietnam War , Carlos Hathcock shot at 7382 ft ( 2250 m ) with a .50 caliber heavy machine gun to which he had connected a telescope .

set: During the Vietnam War , Carlos Hathcock set the record for a long-distance shot at 7382 ft ( 2250 m ) with a .50 caliber heavy machine gun he had equipped with a telescopic sight .


set: Many heavy machine guns , such as the Browning M2 .50 caliber machine gun , are exact enough to hit things that are very far away .

set: Many heavy machine guns , such as the Browning M2 .50 caliber machine gun , are accurate enough to engage targets at great distances .


set: The Neanderthal ( , also with \/ neÉ - \/ , and \/ - tÉ ` Ë l \/ ) , or Neandertal , was a species of the Homo genus ( type ) ( Homo neanderthalensis or Homo sapiens neanderthalensis ) which lived in Europe and parts of western and central Asia .

set: For some time , scientists have debated whether Neanderthals should be classified as Homo neanderthalensis or `` Homo sapiens neanderthalensis '' , the latter placing Neanderthals as a subspecies of Homo sapiens . Some morphological studies support that Homo neanderthalensis is a separate species and not a subspecies .


set: They are usually built to withstand an impact of 3600 g and temperatures of over 1,000 Â C ( as required by EUROCAE ED-112 ) , because a powerful impact followed by a very hot fire is what usually happens in a plane crash .

set: They are typically specified to withstand an impact of 3400 g and temperatures of over 1,000 Â C ( 1,832 Â F ) ( as required by EUROCAE ED-112 ) .


set: There are two types of protected Flight Recorder , Flight data recorder ( FDR ) and Cockpit voice recorder ( CVR ) .

set: There are two common types of flight recorder , the flight data recorder ( FDR ) and the cockpit voice recorder ( CVR ) .


set: A flight recorder is a recorder placed in an aircraft to help with investigating an aircraft accident or incident .

set: A flight recorder is a recorder placed in an aircraft for the purpose of facilitating the investigation of an aircraft accident or incident .


set: Virginia Elizabeth `` Geena '' Davis ( born January 21 , 1956 ) is an Academy Award - , Golden Globe-winning and Emmy-nominated American actress , film producer , writer , former fashion model .

set: Virginia Elizabeth `` Geena '' Davis ( born January 21 , 1956 ) is an American actress , film producer , writer , former fashion model , and a women 's Olympics archery team semi-finalist .


set: Craig Parker was born 12 November , 1970 in Suva , Fiji .

set: Craig Parker ( born 12 November 1970 in Suva , Fiji ) is a New Zealand actor who was based in the United Kingdom for some time , but now resides in New Zealand .


set: Velafrons ( meaning `` sailed forehead '' ) is a genus of hadrosaurid dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of Mexico .

set: Velafrons ( meaning `` sailed forehead '' ) is a genus of lambeosaurine hadrosaurid dinosaur from the Late Cretaceous of Mexico .


set: Its fossils were found in the Upper Cretaceous Cerro del Pueblo Formation ( about 73.5 million years old ) , near Rincon Colorado , Coahuila , Mexico .

set: Its fossils were found in the late Campanian-age Upper Cretaceous Cerro del Pueblo Formation ( about 73.5 million years old ) , near Rincon Colorado , Coahuila , Mexico .


set: These battles of Salamis and Plataea mark a turning point in the Greco-Persian wars ; from then on , the Greek cities would take the offensive .

set: These battles of Salamis and Plataea thus mark a turning point in the course of the Greco-Persian wars as a whole ; from then onward , the Greek poleis would take the offensive .


set: The Battle of Salamis was a battle between an Alliance of Greek city-states and the Achaemenid Empire of Persia . It happened in September 480 BC in the straits between the mainland and Salamis Island .

set: The Battle of Salamis ( , Naumachia tÄ `` s Salaminos ) was fought between an Alliance of Greek city-states and the Persian Empire in September 480 BC in the straits between the mainland and Salamis , an island in the Saronic Gulf near Athens .


set: Seizing the opportunity , the Greek fleet formed in line and scored a decisive victory , sinking or capturing at least 200 Persian ships .

set: Seizing the opportunity , the Greek fleet formed in line and scored a decisive victory , sinking or capturing at least 300 Persian ships .


set: The Persian navy sailed into the Straits of Salamis and tried to block both entrances .

set: As a result of subterfuge on the part of Themistocles , the Persian navy sailed into the Straits of Salamis and tried to block both entrances .


set: As a result , Xerxes retreated to Asia with much of his army , leaving Mardonius to complete the conquest of Greece .

set: As a result Xerxes retreated to Asia with much of his army , leaving Mardonius to complete the conquest of Greece .


set: However , the following year , the rest of the Persian army was decisively beaten at the Battle of Plataea and the Persian navy at the Battle of Mycale .

set: However , the following year , the remainder of the Persian army was decisively beaten at the Battle of Plataea and the Persian navy at the Battle of Mycale .


set: Afterwards the Persians made no more attempts to conquer the Greek mainland .

set: Afterwards the Persian made no more attempts to conquer the Greek mainland .


set: Although heavily outnumbered , the Greek Allies were persuaded by the Athenian general Themistocles to bring the Persian fleet to battle again .

set: Although heavily outnumbered , the Greek Allies were persuaded by the Athenian general Themistocles to bring the Persian fleet to battle again , in the hope that a victory would prevent naval operations against the Peloponessus .


set: There are three numbers which are used to calculate the GHI .


set: The Global Hunger Index is a measurement to measure the hunger situation in a country . It is a Statistical tool .

set: The Global Hunger Index ( GHI ) is a multidimensional statistical tool used to describe the state of countriesâ hunger situation .


set: Dahlia is a genus of plants are native to Mexico , Central America , and Colombia .

set: Dahlia is a genus of bushy , tuberous , perennial plants native to Mexico , Central America , and Colombia .


set: Dahlia are commonly grown as garden plant with large brightly-coloured flowers .

set: Dahlia hybrids are commonly grown as garden plants .


set: This led to the creation of the WWE Divas Championship , which was announced on June 6 , 2008 during an episode of SmackDown by SmackDown General Manager Vickie Guerrero .

set: As a result , WWE created the WWE Divas Championship and introduced it in a storyline on the June 6 , 2008 episode of Friday Night SmackDown when then SmackDown General Manager Vickie Guerrero announced the creation of the title .


set: The World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) Divas Championship is a championship in WWE competed for by divas . It is one of two titles fought for on both brands of WWE ( the other being the WWE Tag Team Championship ) .

set: And with that , the title ( known briefly as the WWE Unified Divas Championship ) is now accessible to both WWE brands and the champion can appear on both shows .


set: The World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) Divas Championship is a championship in WWE competed for by divas .

set: The World Wrestling Entertainment ( WWE ) Divas Championship is a professional wrestling championship in World Wrestling Entertainment . It is competed for by WWE Divas .


set: The championship belt was officially unveiled on the July 4 , 2008 episode of SmackDown prior to the second Golden Dreams match .

set: The championship belt was officially unveiled on the July 4 , 2008 episode of SmackDown .


set: Natalya and McCool competed against each other at The Great American Bash , which McCool won and became the inaugural champion .

set: Michelle McCool became the inaugural champion on July 20 , 2008 when she defeated Natalya at The Great American Bash .


set: As a result of the WWE Brand Extension in 2002 , the WWE Women 's Championship was made exclusive to the Raw brand .

set: With the first WWE Brand Extension , a storyline division in which WWE assigns its employees to a different program , the other being Raw , in 2002 , the WWE Women 's Championship was to be defended on both brands . At some point that year , however , it became exclusive to the Raw brand .


set: NicolÃ s Burdisso ( born 12 April 1981 ) is an Argentine football player .

set: NicolÃ s AndrÃ s Burdisso ( born 12 April 1981 in Altos de ChipiÃ n ) is an Argentine professional footballer who plays as a defender for A.S. Roma .


set: Wii Sports is a sports game made by Nintendo for the Wii system .

set: Wii Sports , a major factor in the Wii 's worldwide success , was the first release among a number of core Wii games being developed at the same , with the same philosophy ; others were released as Wii Play , Wii Fit , and Wii Music . A direct sequel to Wii Sports , titled Wii Sports Resort , was released in 2009 .


set: It was bundled with the Wii , and has tennis , golf , baseball , bowling , and boxing .

set: The five sports included are tennis , baseball , bowling , golf , and boxing .


set: Wii Sports is a sports game made by Nintendo for the Wii system . It was bundled with the Wii , and has tennis , golf , baseball , bowling , and boxing .

set: Wii Sports consists of five separate sports gamesâ '' tennis , baseball , bowling , golf , and boxingâ '' accessed from the main menu .


set: Alan Clark 's book The Donkeys ( 1961 ) popularized the controversial phrase ` lions led by donkeys ' , used to describe the British Army leadership .

set: Alan Clark 's book The Donkeys ( 1961 ) led to the popularisation of the controversial phrase ` lions led by donkeys ' which was used to describe British generalship .


set: Most notably he was commander during the Battle of the Somme , the Third Battle of Ypres and the Hundred Days Offensive which led to the German surrender in 1918 .

set: He was commander during the Battle of the Somme the battle with the highest casualties in British military history , the Third Battle of Ypres and the Hundred Days Offensive which led to the German surrender in 1918 .


set: Clark attributed this remark to a German general but , before his death , admitted he lied about the phrase .

set: Clark attributed this remark to a German general , but admitted , before his death , that he lied about the phrase .


set: After his death he was increasingly criticised for issuing orders which led to excessive casualties of British troops , earning him the nickname ` Butcher of the Somme ' .

set: However , after his death he was increasingly criticised for issuing orders which led to excessive casualties of British troops under his command , particularly on the Western Front , earning him the nickname `` Butcher of the Somme '' .


set: Field Marshal Douglas Haig KT , GCB , OM , GCVO , KCIE , ADC , ( Edinburgh , 19 June 1861 â `` London , 29 January 1928 ) was the senior British Army commander in World War I.

set: Field Marshal Douglas Haig , 1st Earl Haig , KT , GCB , OM , GCVO , KCIE , ADC , also commonly known as ` Butcher Haig ' , ( 19 June 1861 â `` 29 January 1928 ) was a British senior officer during World War I. He commanded the British Expeditionary Force ( BEF ) from 1915 to the end of the War , he was notable as the British commander with the most casualties under his command , in total 2 million British soldiers , it was for this record he was dubbed `` Butcher Haig '' .


set: Cordey is a commune . It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France .

set: Cordey is a commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France .


set: Lars LÃ kke Rasmussen ( born 15 May 1964 in Vejle ) is a Danish politician and Prime Minister of Denmark from 5 April 2009 .

set: Lars LÃ kke Rasmussen was born in Vejle to Jeppe Rasmussen and Lise LÃ kke Rasmussen ( nÃ e LÃ kke ) .


set: On 5 April 2009 he took over from Anders Fogh Rasmussen as Prime Minister after Fogh Rasmussen was elected Secretary General of NATO .

set: On 5 April 2009 he succeeded Anders Fogh Rasmussen as Prime Minister following Anders Fogh Rasmussen 's appointment as Secretary General of NATO .


set: In 1992 , Capriati defeated Steffi Graf during the Barcelona Olympics , winning a Gold Medal .

set: Capriati 's 1992 season was highlighted by her victory at the 1992 Barcelona Olympics , defeating the second-seeded SÃ nchez Vicario in the semifinals and coming from a set down to defeat the top-seeded Graf in the match for the gold medal .


set: jpg thumb ( 450x600 ) px right Jennifer Capriati ) ) Jennifer Capriati is an American tennis player . She was born during 1976 .

set: Jennifer Marie Capriati ( born March 29 , 1976 , in New York City ) is a former professional tennis player , ranked number one in the world for a short time , and the winner of three women 's singles championships in Grand Slam tournaments .


set: Capriati made her professional debut in 1990 at fourteen years old . In 1992 , Capriati defeated Steffi Graf during the Barcelona Olympics , winning a Gold Medal .

set: Between 1990 and 1993 , Capriati won six singles titles , including a Gold Medal at the 1992 Barcelona Olympics , defeating Steffi Graf in the final .


set: The women 's team is in the first Bundesliga ( national league ) , the men 's team in the second .

set: The woman team , for instance , is in the first Bundesliga ( i.e. national league ) , the man team in the second .


set: The SG Essen is one of the most successful swimming clubs in West Germany .

set: The SG Essen is one of the most successful swimming associations in West Germany .


set: The SG Essen ( German : Startgemeinschaft Essen ) is a swimming club in Essen ( North Rhine-Westphalia , Germany ) .

set: The SG Essen ( full name : Startgemeinschaft Essen ) is a swimming club in Essen ( North Rhine-Westphalia , Germany ) .


set: It is a union of the swimming sections of 13 sports clubs .

set: In effect , it is a union of the swimming sections of 13 sports clubs .


set: The company acquired many European Internet Service Providers ( ISPs ) throughout the late 1990s , although in subsequent years many of those assets were sold on to other companies .

set: It previously had operations in other European nations through its acquisition of many smaller European Internet Service Providers ( ISPs ) in the late 1990s , but in subsequent years these have been divested .


set: Tiscali SpA is a European telecommunications company , based in Cagliari , Italy , and provides internet and telecommunications services to Italy , the United Kingdom , Germany and the Czech Republic .

set: Tiscali s.p.a. is an Italian telecommunications company , based in Cagliari , Sardinia , that provides internet and telecommunications services to its domestic market .


set: John Aaron Lewis ( May 3 , 1920 â `` March 29 , 2001 ) was an American jazz pianist and composer best known as the musical director of the Modern Jazz Quartet .

set: John Aaron Lewis ( LaGrange , Illinois , May 3 , 1920 â `` New York City , March 29 , 2001 ) was an American jazz pianist and composer best known as the musical director of the Modern Jazz Quartet .


set: It was named # 5 on the IGN list of the top 25 PC games of all time in 2007 , and # 19 in 2009 .

set: It was ranked # 5 on IGN 's list of `` Top 25 PC Games of All Time '' in 2007 , and # 19 in 2009 .


set: It was ranked # 4 on PC Gamer 's list of top games of all time in 2001 .

set: Fallout was named # 4 , # 10 , # 13 , # 21 and # 7 on the list of best games of all time by PC Gamer in 2001 , 2005 , 2007 , 2008 and 2010 respectively .


set: Fallout was ranked # 55 on IGNs 2005 top 100 games of all time , and # 33 in 2007 .

set: It was ranked # 55 on IGN 's `` Top 100 Games of All Time '' list in 2005 , and # 33 in 2007 .


set: Another possibility is that there was a shutdown or slowing of Thermohaline circulation , also known as the `` great ocean conveyor '' or `` meridional overturning circulation '' .

set: Another possibility is that there was a slowing of thermohaline circulation .


set: Throughout the Little Ice Age , the world also experienced heightened volcanic activity .

set: Throughout the Little Ice Age , the world experienced heightened volcanic activity .


set: Climatologists and historians find it difficult to agree on either the start or end dates of this period .

set: It is conventionally defined as a period extending from the 16th to the 19th centuries , though climatologists and historians working with local records no longer expect to agree on either the start or end dates of this period , which varied according to local conditions .


set: The Gulf Stream could have been interrupted by the introduction of a large amount of fresh water to the North Atlantic , possibly caused by a period of warming before the little ice age .

set: The circulation could have been interrupted by the introduction of a large amount of fresh water to the North Atlantic , possibly caused by a period of warming before the Little Ice Age known as the Medieval Warm Period .


set: When a volcano erupts , its ash reaches high into the atmosphere and can spread to cover the whole of Earth .

set: When a volcano erupts , its ash reaches high into the atmosphere and can spread to cover the whole Earth .


set: There is some concern that shutdown of thermohaline circulation could happen again as a result of global warming .

set: There is some concern that shutdown of thermohaline circulation could happen again as a result of the present warming period .


set: The SpÃ rer Minimum has also been identified with a significant cooling period near the beginning of the Little Ice Age .

set: The SpÃ rer Minimum has also been identified with a significant cooling period between 1460 and 1550 .


set: It is generally agreed that there were three minima , beginning about 1650 , about 1770 , and 1850 , each separated by slight warming intervals .

set: NASA defines the term as a cold period between 1550 AD and 1850 AD and notes three particularly cold intervals : one beginning about 1650 , another about 1770 , and the last in 1850 , each separated by intervals of slight warming .


set: Munfordville is a city of Kentucky in the United States .

set: Munfordville is a city in and the county seat of Hart County , Kentucky , United States .


set: Heikki Johannes Kovalainen ( born October 19 , 1981 in Suomussalmi , Finland ) is a Finnish Formula One racing driver who spent the 2008 and 2009 seasons with British based team Vodafone McLaren Mercedes . In 2010 , he joined the new Lotus team .

set: Heikki Johannes Kovalainen ( born October 19 , 1981 in Suomussalmi , Finland ) is a Finnish Formula One racing driver who spent the 2008 and 2009 seasons with British based team Vodafone McLaren Mercedes and the 2010 and 2011 seasons with the Lotus Racing team .


set: Jorge Manrique was a great-nephew of IÃ igo LÃ pez de Mendoza ( marquess of Santillana ) , a descendant of Pero LÃ pez de Ayala , chancellor of Castile , and a nephew of GÃ mez Manrique , corregidor of Toledo , all important poets of the late fourteenth and fifteenth centuries .


set: He was , therefore , a member of a noble family of great consequence .

set: He was , therefore , a member of a noble family of great literary consequence .


set: Jorge died in 1479 during an attempt to take the castle of GarcimuÃ oz after Isabel gained the crown .

set: Jorge died in 1479 during an attempt to take the castle of GarcimuÃ oz , defended by Marquis of Villena ( a staunch enemy of Isabel ) , after Isabel gained the crown .


set: British Rail 's Class 27 was a diesel locomotive built by the Birmingham Railway Carriage and Wagon Company ( BRCW ) during 1961 and 1962 .

set: British Rail 's Class 27 comprised 69 diesel locomotives built by the Birmingham Railway Carriage and Wagon Company ( BRCW ) during 1961 and 1962 .


set: In 1867 a Catholic school was established .


set: The name is thought to come from Greta River in Cumberland , England .

set: The name is thought to be derived from Greta River in Cumberland , England .


set: Today , only 2 of the 5 schools remain ; Greta Valley and Fifteen Mile School Camp .

set: Today , only two of the five schools remain ; Greta Valley and Fifteen Mile School Camp .


set: At the 2006 census , there were 231 people living in and around Greta .

set: At the 2006 census , Greta and the surrounding area had a population of 231 .


set: The nearby city of Benalla was joined to the railway in 1873 . This meant that less people passed through Greta .

set: The nearby town of Benalla was connected to the railway network in 1873 , which reduced traffic through the Greta district , and it became principally a farming community .


set: The area had four villages , all of which were called Greta at some time .

set: The district had four villages , all of which were called Greta at some stage .


set: The town site was laid out at Fifteen Mile Creek in 1852 .

set: The town site was surveyed at Fifteen Mile Creek in 1852 .


set: A Methodist church was started in 1878 and an Anglican church in 1890 .

set: A Methodist church was established in 1878 and an Anglican church in 1890 .


set: The town has a football team playing in the Ovens & King Football League .

set: The town has an Australian Rules football team competing in the Ovens & King Football League .


set: By the 1880s there were 5 schools in the Greta area ; Greta , Greta South , Greta West , Hansonville , and Fifteen Mile Creek .

set: By the 1880s there were five schools in the Greta area ; Greta , Greta South , Greta West , Hansonville , and Fifteen Mile Creek .


set: After gold was found near Beechworth in 1852 , roads to the gold diggings passed through the Greta area .

set: Following the discovery of gold near Beechworth in 1852 , roads to the diggings passed through the Greta area .


set: At this time the township started with the Post Office opened on September 4 , 1863 . It closed in 1971 , though post offices at Greta West and Greta South remained open until 1994 .

set: At this time the township developed and the Post Office opened on September 4 , 1863 ( closed in 1971 , though offices at Greta West and Greta South remained open until 1994 ) .


set: It is east of the city of Benalla . The local government that looks after Greta is the Rural City of Wangaratta .

set: Greta is a district in Victoria , Australia , located east of Benalla , in the Rural City of Wangaratta .


set: During the 1860s the land was sold into small farm lots , used for cereals , cattle grazing , and dairying .

set: During the 1860s the land was subdivided into farming lots , used for cereals , cattle grazing , and dairying .


set: The first township known as Greta , on Fifteen Mile Creek , is now called Greta West .

set: The original township known as Greta , located on Fifteen Mile Creek , is now called Greta West , and was once home to the family of bushranger Ned Kelly .


set: At that time , there was a large swamp , which was later drained .

set: At that time , the area contained the Greta Swamp , which was later drained .


set: La BoissiÃ re , Calvados is a commune . It is found in the region Basse-Normandie in the Calvados department in the northwest of France .

set: La BoissiÃ re is a commune in the Calvados department in the Basse-Normandie region in northwestern France .


set: Tracey Claire Fisher , better known as Tracey Gold , is an American actress . She is best known for playing Carol Seaver in the sitcom Growing Pains ( 1985-1992 ) .

set: Tracey Gold ( born May 16 , 1969 ) is an American actress best known for playing Carol Seaver on the 1980s sitcom Growing Pains .


set: The thickness of the duvet is measured by a tog rating . The higher the tog , the warmer the duvet will be .

set: A few manufacturers have marketed combined duvet sets consisting of two duvets ; one of approximately 4.5 tog and one of approximately 9.5 tog .


set: The higher the tog , the warmer the duvet will be .

set: The higher the tog rating the warmer the duvet .


set: When she went to college , she wrote for literary magazines , like Huntress and Rammer Jammer .

set: While attending college , she wrote for campus literary magazines : Huntress at Huntingdon and the humor magazine Rammer Jammer at the University of Alabama .


set: In 1957 , Lee showed her writing to a literary agent Capote told her about .

set: Hoping to be published , Lee presented her writing in 1957 to a literary agent recommended by Capote .


set: She went to Huntingdon College in Montgomery ( 1944 â `` 45 ) , and then studied law at the University of Alabama ( 1945 â `` 49 ) .

set: She attended Huntingdon College in Montgomery ( 1944 â `` 45 ) , and then studied law at the University of Alabama ( 1945 â `` 49 ) .


set: It is told in the first person by Jean Louise `` Scout '' Finch . She is six years old ; lives with her older brother Jeremy `` Jem '' ; her father Atticus , a lawyer ; her mother died when she was young .

set: The narrator , six-year-old Scout Finch , lives with her older brother Jem and their widowed father Atticus , a middle-aged lawyer .


set: The National Endowment for the Arts describes how Lee once became so unhappy that she threw her manuscript out the window into the snow .

set: A description of the book 's creation by the National Endowment for the Arts relates an episode when Lee became so frustrated that she tossed the manuscript out the window into the snow .


set: Jem and Scout become friends with a boy named Charles Baker Harris , nicknamed Dill , who visits Maycomb to stay with his aunt in the summer .

set: Jem and Scout befriend a boy named Dill who visits Maycomb to stay with his aunt for the summer .


set: At both colleges , she wrote short stories and other works about racial unfairness , which was not usually written about in colleges at the time .

set: At both colleges , she wrote short stories and other works about racial injustice , a rarely mentioned topic on such campuses at the time .


set: The editors at Lippincott told Lee that she would probably sell only several thousand copies .

set: The editorial team at Lippincott warned Lee that she would probably sell only several thousand copies .


set: The story happens during three years of the Great Depression in the fictional town of Maycomb , Alabama .

set: The story takes place during three years of the Great Depression in the fictional `` tired old town '' of Maycomb , Alabama .


set: Harper Lee was born in 1926 and grew up in the Southern town of Monroeville , Alabama . There , she became close friends with Truman Capote , who became a famous writer later .

set: Born in 1926 , Harper Lee grew up in the Southern town of Monroeville , Alabama , where she became close friends with soon-to-be famous writer Truman Capote .


set: Lee also writes about bravery , compassion , and gender roles in the American Deep South .

set: Scholars have noted that Lee also addresses issues of class , courage , compassion , and gender roles in the American Deep South .


set: To Kill a Mockingbird is a Southern Gothic novel and a bildungsroman ( a story where the main character develops and grows ) . Its main themes are racism and innocence .

set: As a Southern Gothic novel and a Bildungsroman , the primary themes of To Kill a Mockingbird involve racial injustice and the destruction of innocence .


set: One critic wrote , `` In the twentieth century , To Kill a Mockingbird is probably the most widely read book dealing with race in America , and its protagonist , Atticus Finch , the most enduring ( long-lasting ) fictional image of racial heroism . ''

set: One critic explains the novel 's impact by writing , `` In the twentieth century , To Kill a Mockingbird is probably the most widely read book dealing with race in America , and its protagonist , Atticus Finch , the most enduring fictional image of racial heroism . ''