OpenAIGPTLMHeadModel

class transformers.OpenAIGPTLMHeadModel  < source > ( config  )   Parameters   config (OpenAIGPTConfig) — Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the from_pretrained() method to load the model weights.    OpenAI GPT Model transformer with a language modeling head on top (linear layer with weights tied to the input
embeddings). This model inherits from PreTrainedModel. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads
etc.) This model is also a PyTorch torch.nn.Module subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.  fo


OpenAIGPTLMHeadModel

rward  < source > ( input_ids: typing.Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None attention_mask: typing.Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None token_type_ids: typing.Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None position_ids: typing.Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None head_mask: typing.Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None inputs_embeds: typing.Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None labels: typing.Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None output_attentions: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_hidden_states: typing.Optional[bool] = None return_dict: typing.Optional[bool] = None  ) → transformers.modeling_outputs.CausalLMOutput or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)  Parameters   input_ids (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length)) —
Indices of input sequence tokens in the vocabulary.
Indices can be obtained using AutoTokenizer. See PreTrainedTokenizer.encode() and
PreTrainedTokenizer.call() for details.
What


OpenAIGPTLMHeadModel

are input IDs?   attention_mask (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Mask to avoid performing attention on padding token indices. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
1 for tokens that are not masked,
0 for tokens that are masked.
What are attention masks?   token_type_ids (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Segment token indices to indicate first and second portions of the inputs. Indices are selected in [0, 1]:
0 corresponds to a sentence A token,
1 corresponds to a sentence B token.
What are token type IDs?   position_ids (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Indices of positions of each input sequence tokens in the position embeddings. Selected in the range [0, config.max_position_embeddings - 1].
What are position IDs?   head_mask (torch.FloatTensor of shape (num_heads,) o


OpenAIGPTLMHeadModel

r (num_layers, num_heads), optional) —
Mask to nullify selected heads of the self-attention modules. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
1 indicates the head is not masked,
0 indicates the head is masked.
   inputs_embeds (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size), optional) —
Optionally, instead of passing input_ids you can choose to directly pass an embedded representation. This
is useful if you want more control over how to convert input_ids indices into associated vectors than the
model’s internal embedding lookup matrix.   output_attentions (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned
tensors for more detail.   output_hidden_states (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for
more detail.


OpenAIGPTLMHeadModel

return_dict (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple.   labels (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Labels for language modeling. Note that the labels are shifted inside the model, i.e. you can set
labels = input_ids Indices are selected in [-100, 0, ..., config.vocab_size] All labels set to -100
are ignored (masked), the loss is only computed for labels in [0, ..., config.vocab_size]   Returns
transformers.modeling_outputs.CausalLMOutput or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)

A transformers.modeling_outputs.CausalLMOutput or a tuple of
torch.FloatTensor (if return_dict=False is passed or when config.return_dict=False) comprising various
elements depending on the configuration (OpenAIGPTConfig) and inputs.
loss (torch.FloatTensor of shape (1,), optional, returned when labels is provided) — Language model


OpenAIGPTLMHeadModel

ing loss (for next-token prediction).
logits (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, config.vocab_size)) — Prediction scores of the language modeling head (scores for each vocabulary token before SoftMax).
hidden_states (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_hidden_states=True is passed or when config.output_hidden_states=True) — Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for the output of the embeddings, if the model has an embedding layer, +
one for the output of each layer) of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size).
Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the optional initial embedding outputs.
attentions (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_attentions=True is passed or when config.output_attentions=True) — Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for each layer) of shape (batch_size, num_heads, seque


OpenAIGPTLMHeadModel

nce_length, sequence_length).
Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention
heads.
  The OpenAIGPTLMHeadModel forward method, overrides the __call__ special method. Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while
the latter silently ignores them.  Example:   Copied >>> import torch
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, OpenAIGPTLMHeadModel
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("openai-gpt")
>>> model = OpenAIGPTLMHeadModel.from_pretrained("openai-gpt")
>>> inputs = tokenizer("Hello, my dog is cute", return_tensors="pt")
>>> outputs = model(**inputs, labels=inputs["input_ids"])
>>> loss = outputs.loss
>>> logits = outputs.logits


OpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel

class transformers.OpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel  < source > ( config  )   Parameters   config (OpenAIGPTConfig) — Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the from_pretrained() method to load the model weights.    OpenAI GPT Model transformer with a language modeling and a multiple-choice classification head on top e.g. for
RocStories/SWAG tasks. The two heads are two linear layers. The language modeling head has its weights tied to the
input embeddings, the classification head takes as input the input of a specified classification token index in the
input sequence). This model inherits from PreTrainedModel. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads
etc.) This model is also a PyTorch torch.n


OpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel

n.Module subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.  forward  < source > ( input_ids: typing.Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None attention_mask: typing.Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None token_type_ids: typing.Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None position_ids: typing.Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None head_mask: typing.Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None inputs_embeds: typing.Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None mc_token_ids: typing.Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None labels: typing.Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None mc_labels: typing.Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None output_attentions: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_hidden_states: typing.Optional[bool] = None return_dict: typing.Optional[bool] = None  ) → transformers.models.openai.modeling_openai.OpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModelOutput or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)  Parameters   input_ids (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, seq


OpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel

uence_length)) —
Indices of input sequence tokens in the vocabulary.
Indices can be obtained using AutoTokenizer. See PreTrainedTokenizer.encode() and
PreTrainedTokenizer.call() for details.
What are input IDs?   attention_mask (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Mask to avoid performing attention on padding token indices. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
1 for tokens that are not masked,
0 for tokens that are masked.
What are attention masks?   token_type_ids (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Segment token indices to indicate first and second portions of the inputs. Indices are selected in [0, 1]:
0 corresponds to a sentence A token,
1 corresponds to a sentence B token.
What are token type IDs?   position_ids (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Indices of positions of each input sequence tokens in the position embeddings. Selected in the range [0, config.ma


OpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel

x_position_embeddings - 1].
What are position IDs?   head_mask (torch.FloatTensor of shape (num_heads,) or (num_layers, num_heads), optional) —
Mask to nullify selected heads of the self-attention modules. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
1 indicates the head is not masked,
0 indicates the head is masked.
   inputs_embeds (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size), optional) —
Optionally, instead of passing input_ids you can choose to directly pass an embedded representation. This
is useful if you want more control over how to convert input_ids indices into associated vectors than the
model’s internal embedding lookup matrix.   output_attentions (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned
tensors for more detail.   output_hidden_states (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for
m


OpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel

ore detail.   return_dict (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple.   mc_token_ids (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, num_choices), optional, default to index of the last token of the input) —
Index of the classification token in each input sequence. Selected in the range [0, input_ids.size(-1) - 1].   labels (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Labels for language modeling. Note that the labels are shifted inside the model, i.e. you can set
labels = input_ids Indices are selected in [-1, 0, ..., config.vocab_size] All labels set to -100 are
ignored (masked), the loss is only computed for labels in [0, ..., config.vocab_size]   mc_labels (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size), optional) —
Labels for computing the multiple choice classification loss. Indices should be in [0, ..., num_choices]
where num_choices is the size of the second dimension of the input tensors. (see input_ids


OpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel

 above)   Returns
transformers.models.openai.modeling_openai.OpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModelOutput or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)

A transformers.models.openai.modeling_openai.OpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModelOutput or a tuple of
torch.FloatTensor (if return_dict=False is passed or when config.return_dict=False) comprising various
elements depending on the configuration (OpenAIGPTConfig) and inputs.
loss (torch.FloatTensor of shape (1,), optional, returned when labels is provided) — Language modeling loss.
mc_loss (torch.FloatTensor of shape (1,), optional, returned when mc_labels is provided) — Multiple choice classification loss.
logits (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, num_choices, sequence_length, config.vocab_size)) — Prediction scores of the language modeling head (scores for each vocabulary token before SoftMax).
mc_logits (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, num_choices)) — Prediction scores of the multiple choice classification head (scores for each choi


OpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel

ce before SoftMax).
hidden_states (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_hidden_states=True is passed or when config.output_hidden_states=True) — Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for the output of the embeddings + one for the output of each layer) of
shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size).
Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the initial embedding outputs.
attentions (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_attentions=True is passed or when config.output_attentions=True) — Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for each layer) of shape (batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length).
Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention
heads.
  The OpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel forward method, overrides the __call__ special method. Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the Module
insta


OpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel

nce afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while
the latter silently ignores them.  Examples:   Copied >>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, OpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel
>>> import torch
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("openai-gpt")
>>> model = OpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel.from_pretrained("openai-gpt")
>>> tokenizer.add_special_tokens(
...     {"cls_token": "[CLS]"}
... )  # Add a [CLS] to the vocabulary (we should train it also!)
>>> model.resize_token_embeddings(len(tokenizer))
>>> choices = ["Hello, my dog is cute [CLS]", "Hello, my cat is cute [CLS]"]
>>> input_ids = torch.tensor([tokenizer.encode(s) for s in choices]).unsqueeze(0)  # Batch size 1, 2 choices
>>> mc_token_ids = torch.tensor([input_ids.size(-1) - 1, input_ids.size(-1) - 1]).unsqueeze(0)  # Batch size 1
>>> outputs = model(input_ids, mc_token_ids=mc_token_ids)
>>> lm_logits = outputs.logits
>>> mc_logits = outputs.mc_l


OpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification

class transformers.OpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification  < source > ( config  )   Parameters   config (OpenAIGPTConfig) — Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the from_pretrained() method to load the model weights.    The Original OpenAI GPT Model transformer with a sequence classification head on top (linear layer).
OpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification uses the last token in order to do the classification, as other causal
models (e.g. GPT-2) do. Since it does classification on the last token, it requires to know the position of the
last token. If a pad_token_id is defined in the configuration, it finds the last token that is not a padding
token in each row. If no pad_token_id is defined, it simply takes the last value in each row of the batch. Since
it cannot


OpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification

guess the padding tokens when inputs_embeds are passed instead of input_ids, it does the same (take
the last value in each row of the batch). This model inherits from PreTrainedModel. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads
etc.) This model is also a PyTorch torch.nn.Module subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.  forward  < source > ( input_ids: typing.Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None attention_mask: typing.Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None token_type_ids: typing.Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None position_ids: typing.Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None head_mask: typing.Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None inputs_embeds: typing.Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None labels:


OpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification

typing.Optional[torch.LongTensor] = None output_attentions: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_hidden_states: typing.Optional[bool] = None return_dict: typing.Optional[bool] = None  ) → transformers.modeling_outputs.SequenceClassifierOutput or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)  Parameters   input_ids (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length)) —
Indices of input sequence tokens in the vocabulary.
Indices can be obtained using AutoTokenizer. See PreTrainedTokenizer.encode() and
PreTrainedTokenizer.call() for details.
What are input IDs?   attention_mask (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Mask to avoid performing attention on padding token indices. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
1 for tokens that are not masked,
0 for tokens that are masked.
What are attention masks?   token_type_ids (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Segment


OpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification

 token indices to indicate first and second portions of the inputs. Indices are selected in [0, 1]:
0 corresponds to a sentence A token,
1 corresponds to a sentence B token.
What are token type IDs?   position_ids (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Indices of positions of each input sequence tokens in the position embeddings. Selected in the range [0, config.max_position_embeddings - 1].
What are position IDs?   head_mask (torch.FloatTensor of shape (num_heads,) or (num_layers, num_heads), optional) —
Mask to nullify selected heads of the self-attention modules. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
1 indicates the head is not masked,
0 indicates the head is masked.
   inputs_embeds (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size), optional) —
Optionally, instead of passing input_ids you can choose to directly pass an embedded representation. This
is


OpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification

 useful if you want more control over how to convert input_ids indices into associated vectors than the
model’s internal embedding lookup matrix.   output_attentions (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned
tensors for more detail.   output_hidden_states (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for
more detail.   return_dict (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple.   labels (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size,), optional) —
Labels for computing the sequence classification/regression loss. Indices should be in [0, ..., config.num_labels - 1]. If config.num_labels == 1 a regression loss is computed (Mean-Square loss), If
config.num_labels > 1 a classification loss is computed (Cross-Entropy).   Returns


OpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification

transformers.modeling_outputs.SequenceClassifierOutput or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)

A transformers.modeling_outputs.SequenceClassifierOutput or a tuple of
torch.FloatTensor (if return_dict=False is passed or when config.return_dict=False) comprising various
elements depending on the configuration (OpenAIGPTConfig) and inputs.
loss (torch.FloatTensor of shape (1,), optional, returned when labels is provided) — Classification (or regression if config.num_labels==1) loss.
logits (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, config.num_labels)) — Classification (or regression if config.num_labels==1) scores (before SoftMax).
hidden_states (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_hidden_states=True is passed or when config.output_hidden_states=True) — Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for the output of the embeddings, if the model has an embedding layer, +
one for the output of each layer) o


OpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification

f shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size).
Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the optional initial embedding outputs.
attentions (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_attentions=True is passed or when config.output_attentions=True) — Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for each layer) of shape (batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length).
Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention
heads.
  The OpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification forward method, overrides the __call__ special method. Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while
the latter silently ignores them.  Example of single-label classification:   C


OpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification

opied >>> import torch
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, OpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("openai-gpt")
>>> model = OpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained("openai-gpt")
>>> inputs = tokenizer("Hello, my dog is cute", return_tensors="pt")
>>> with torch.no_grad():
...     logits = model(**inputs).logits
>>> predicted_class_id = logits.argmax().item()
>>> # To train a model on `num_labels` classes, you can pass `num_labels=num_labels` to `.from_pretrained(...)`
>>> num_labels = len(model.config.id2label)
>>> model = OpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained("openai-gpt", num_labels=num_labels)
>>> labels = torch.tensor([1])
>>> loss = model(**inputs, labels=labels).loss  Example of multi-label classification:   Copied >>> import torch
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, OpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification
>>> tokenize


OpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification

r = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("openai-gpt")
>>> model = OpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained("openai-gpt", problem_type="multi_label_classification")
>>> inputs = tokenizer("Hello, my dog is cute", return_tensors="pt")
>>> with torch.no_grad():
...     logits = model(**inputs).logits
>>> predicted_class_ids = torch.arange(0, logits.shape[-1])[torch.sigmoid(logits).squeeze(dim=0) > 0.5]
>>> # To train a model on `num_labels` classes, you can pass `num_labels=num_labels` to `.from_pretrained(...)`
>>> num_labels = len(model.config.id2label)
>>> model = OpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained(
...     "openai-gpt", num_labels=num_labels, problem_type="multi_label_classification"
... )
>>> labels = torch.sum(
...     torch.nn.functional.one_hot(predicted_class_ids[None, :].clone(), num_classes=num_labels), dim=1
... ).to(torch.float)
>>> loss = model(**inputs, labels=labels).


TFOpenAIGPTModel

class transformers.TFOpenAIGPTModel  < source > ( *args **kwargs  )   Parameters   config (OpenAIGPTConfig) — Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the from_pretrained() method to load the model weights.    The bare OpenAI GPT transformer model outputting raw hidden-states without any specific head on top. This model inherits from TFPreTrainedModel. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads
etc.) This model is also a tf.keras.Model subclass. Use it
as a regular TF 2.0 Keras Model and refer to the TF 2.0 documentation for all matter related to general usage and
behavior. TensorFlow models and layers in transformers accept two formats a


TFOpenAIGPTModel

s input: having all inputs as keyword arguments (like PyTorch models), or having all inputs as a list, tuple or dict in the first positional argument. The reason the second format is supported is that Keras methods prefer this format when passing inputs to models
and layers. Because of this support, when using methods like model.fit() things should “just work” for you - just
pass your inputs and labels in any format that model.fit() supports! If, however, you want to use the second
format outside of Keras methods like fit() and predict(), such as when creating your own layers or models with
the Keras Functional API, there are three possibilities you can use to gather all the input Tensors in the first
positional argument: a single Tensor with input_ids only and nothing else: model(input_ids) a list of varying length with one or several input Tensors IN THE ORDER given in the docstring:
model([input_ids, atten


TFOpenAIGPTModel

tion_mask]) or model([input_ids, attention_mask, token_type_ids]) a dictionary with one or several input Tensors associated to the input names given in the docstring:
model({"input_ids": input_ids, "token_type_ids": token_type_ids}) Note that when creating models and layers with
subclassing then you don’t need to worry
about any of this, as you can just pass inputs like you would to any other Python function!  call  < source > ( input_ids: TFModelInputType | None = None attention_mask: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None token_type_ids: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None position_ids: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None head_mask: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None inputs_embeds: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None output_attentions: Optional[bool] = None output_hidden_states: Optional[bool] = None return_dict: Optional[bool] = None training: Optional[bool] = False  ) → transformers.modeling_tf_outputs


TFOpenAIGPTModel

.TFBaseModelOutput or tuple(tf.Tensor)  Parameters   input_ids (Numpy array or tf.Tensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length)) —
Indices of input sequence tokens in the vocabulary.
Indices can be obtained using AutoTokenizer. See PreTrainedTokenizer.call() and
PreTrainedTokenizer.encode() for details.
What are input IDs?   attention_mask (tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Mask to avoid performing attention on padding token indices. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
1 for tokens that are not masked,
0 for tokens that are masked.
What are attention masks?   token_type_ids (tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Segment token indices to indicate first and second portions of the inputs. Indices are selected in [0, 1]:
0 corresponds to a sentence A token,
1 corresponds to a sentence B token.
What are token type IDs?   position_ids (tf


TFOpenAIGPTModel

.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Indices of positions of each input sequence tokens in the position embeddings. Selected in the range [0, config.max_position_embeddings - 1].
What are position IDs?   head_mask (tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (num_heads,) or (num_layers, num_heads), optional) —
Mask to nullify selected heads of the self-attention modules. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
1 indicates the head is not masked,
0 indicates the head is masked.
   inputs_embeds (tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size), optional) —
Optionally, instead of passing input_ids you can choose to directly pass an embedded representation. This
is useful if you want more control over how to convert input_ids indices into associated vectors than the
model’s internal embedding lookup matrix.   output_attentions (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to r


TFOpenAIGPTModel

eturn the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned
tensors for more detail. This argument can be used only in eager mode, in graph mode the value in the
config will be used instead.   output_hidden_states (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for
more detail. This argument can be used only in eager mode, in graph mode the value in the config will be
used instead.   return_dict (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple. This argument can be used in
eager mode, in graph mode the value will always be set to True.   training (bool, optional, defaults to False) —
Whether or not to use the model in training mode (some modules like dropout modules have different
behaviors between training and evaluation).   Returns
transformers.modeling_tf_outputs.TFBaseModelOutpu


TFOpenAIGPTModel

t or tuple(tf.Tensor)

A transformers.modeling_tf_outputs.TFBaseModelOutput or a tuple of tf.Tensor (if
return_dict=False is passed or when config.return_dict=False) comprising various elements depending on the
configuration (OpenAIGPTConfig) and inputs.
last_hidden_state (tf.Tensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)) — Sequence of hidden-states at the output of the last layer of the model.
hidden_states (tuple(tf.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_hidden_states=True is passed or when config.output_hidden_states=True) — Tuple of tf.Tensor (one for the output of the embeddings + one for the output of each layer) of shape
(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size).
Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the initial embedding outputs.
attentions (tuple(tf.Tensor), optional, returned when output_attentions=True is passed or when config.output_attentions=True) — Tu


TFOpenAIGPTModel

ple of tf.Tensor (one for each layer) of shape (batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length).
Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention
heads.
  The TFOpenAIGPTModel forward method, overrides the __call__ special method. Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while
the latter silently ignores them.  Example:   Copied >>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, TFOpenAIGPTModel
>>> import tensorflow as tf
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("openai-gpt")
>>> model = TFOpenAIGPTModel.from_pretrained("openai-gpt")
>>> inputs = tokenizer("Hello, my dog is cute", return_tensors="tf")
>>> outputs = model(inputs)
>>> last_hidden_states = outputs.last_hidden_


TFOpenAIGPTLMHeadModel

class transformers.TFOpenAIGPTLMHeadModel  < source > ( *args **kwargs  )   Parameters   config (OpenAIGPTConfig) — Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the from_pretrained() method to load the model weights.    OpenAI GPT Model transformer with a language modeling head on top (linear layer with weights tied to the input
embeddings). This model inherits from TFPreTrainedModel. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads
etc.) This model is also a tf.keras.Model subclass. Use it
as a regular TF 2.0 Keras Model and refer to the TF 2.0 documentation for all matter related to general usage and
behavior. TensorFlow models and layers in transformers accept two formats as input: having all inputs


TFOpenAIGPTLMHeadModel

 as keyword arguments (like PyTorch models), or having all inputs as a list, tuple or dict in the first positional argument. The reason the second format is supported is that Keras methods prefer this format when passing inputs to models
and layers. Because of this support, when using methods like model.fit() things should “just work” for you - just
pass your inputs and labels in any format that model.fit() supports! If, however, you want to use the second
format outside of Keras methods like fit() and predict(), such as when creating your own layers or models with
the Keras Functional API, there are three possibilities you can use to gather all the input Tensors in the first
positional argument: a single Tensor with input_ids only and nothing else: model(input_ids) a list of varying length with one or several input Tensors IN THE ORDER given in the docstring:
model([input_ids, attention_mask]) or model([input_ids, attention_mask, token_type_ids]) a dictionary wi


TFOpenAIGPTLMHeadModel

th one or several input Tensors associated to the input names given in the docstring:
model({"input_ids": input_ids, "token_type_ids": token_type_ids}) Note that when creating models and layers with
subclassing then you don’t need to worry
about any of this, as you can just pass inputs like you would to any other Python function!  call  < source > ( input_ids: TFModelInputType | None = None attention_mask: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None token_type_ids: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None position_ids: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None head_mask: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None inputs_embeds: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None output_attentions: Optional[bool] = None output_hidden_states: Optional[bool] = None return_dict: Optional[bool] = None labels: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None training: Optional[bool] = False  ) → transformers.modeling_tf_outputs.TFCausalLMOutput or tuple(tf.Tensor)  Parameters   input_ids (Numpy array or tf.Tensor of


TFOpenAIGPTLMHeadModel

shape (batch_size, sequence_length)) —
Indices of input sequence tokens in the vocabulary.
Indices can be obtained using AutoTokenizer. See PreTrainedTokenizer.call() and
PreTrainedTokenizer.encode() for details.
What are input IDs?   attention_mask (tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Mask to avoid performing attention on padding token indices. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
1 for tokens that are not masked,
0 for tokens that are masked.
What are attention masks?   token_type_ids (tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Segment token indices to indicate first and second portions of the inputs. Indices are selected in [0, 1]:
0 corresponds to a sentence A token,
1 corresponds to a sentence B token.
What are token type IDs?   position_ids (tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Indices of positions of each input sequence tokens in the position embed


TFOpenAIGPTLMHeadModel

dings. Selected in the range [0, config.max_position_embeddings - 1].
What are position IDs?   head_mask (tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (num_heads,) or (num_layers, num_heads), optional) —
Mask to nullify selected heads of the self-attention modules. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
1 indicates the head is not masked,
0 indicates the head is masked.
   inputs_embeds (tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size), optional) —
Optionally, instead of passing input_ids you can choose to directly pass an embedded representation. This
is useful if you want more control over how to convert input_ids indices into associated vectors than the
model’s internal embedding lookup matrix.   output_attentions (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned
tensors for more detail. This argument can be used only in eager mode, in graph mode the value in the
config will be u


TFOpenAIGPTLMHeadModel

sed instead.   output_hidden_states (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for
more detail. This argument can be used only in eager mode, in graph mode the value in the config will be
used instead.   return_dict (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple. This argument can be used in
eager mode, in graph mode the value will always be set to True.   training (bool, optional, defaults to False) —
Whether or not to use the model in training mode (some modules like dropout modules have different
behaviors between training and evaluation).   labels (tf.Tensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Labels for computing the cross entropy classification loss. Indices should be in [0, ..., config.vocab_size - 1].   Returns
transformers.modeling_tf_outputs.TFCausalLMOutput or tuple(tf.Tensor)

A transformers.modeling_tf_outputs.TFCausalLMOu


TFOpenAIGPTLMHeadModel

tput or a tuple of tf.Tensor (if
return_dict=False is passed or when config.return_dict=False) comprising various elements depending on the
configuration (OpenAIGPTConfig) and inputs.
loss (tf.Tensor of shape (n,), optional, where n is the number of non-masked labels, returned when labels is provided) — Language modeling loss (for next-token prediction).
logits (tf.Tensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, config.vocab_size)) — Prediction scores of the language modeling head (scores for each vocabulary token before SoftMax).
hidden_states (tuple(tf.Tensor), optional, returned when output_hidden_states=True is passed or when config.output_hidden_states=True) — Tuple of tf.Tensor (one for the output of the embeddings + one for the output of each layer) of shape
(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size).
Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the initial embedding outputs.
attentions (tuple(tf.Tensor), optional, returned when output_attenti


TFOpenAIGPTLMHeadModel

ons=True is passed or when config.output_attentions=True) — Tuple of tf.Tensor (one for each layer) of shape (batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length).
Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention
heads.
  The TFOpenAIGPTLMHeadModel forward method, overrides the __call__ special method. Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while
the latter silently ignores them.  Example:   Copied >>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, TFOpenAIGPTLMHeadModel
>>> import tensorflow as tf
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("openai-gpt")
>>> model = TFOpenAIGPTLMHeadModel.from_pretrained("openai-gpt")
>>> inputs = tokenizer("Hello, my dog is cute", return_tensors="tf")
>>> outputs = model(inputs)
>>> logits = outputs


TFOpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel

class transformers.TFOpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel  < source > ( *args **kwargs  )   Parameters   config (OpenAIGPTConfig) — Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the from_pretrained() method to load the model weights.    OpenAI GPT Model transformer with a language modeling and a multiple-choice classification head on top e.g. for
RocStories/SWAG tasks. The two heads are two linear layers. The language modeling head has its weights tied to the
input embeddings, the classification head takes as input the input of a specified classification token index in the
input sequence). This model inherits from TFPreTrainedModel. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads
etc.) This model is also a tf.keras.Model su


TFOpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel

bclass. Use it
as a regular TF 2.0 Keras Model and refer to the TF 2.0 documentation for all matter related to general usage and
behavior. TensorFlow models and layers in transformers accept two formats as input: having all inputs as keyword arguments (like PyTorch models), or having all inputs as a list, tuple or dict in the first positional argument. The reason the second format is supported is that Keras methods prefer this format when passing inputs to models
and layers. Because of this support, when using methods like model.fit() things should “just work” for you - just
pass your inputs and labels in any format that model.fit() supports! If, however, you want to use the second
format outside of Keras methods like fit() and predict(), such as when creating your own layers or models with
the Keras Functional API, there are three possibilities you can use to gather all the input Tensors in the first
positional argument: a single Tensor with input_ids only and nothing else


TFOpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel

: model(input_ids) a list of varying length with one or several input Tensors IN THE ORDER given in the docstring:
model([input_ids, attention_mask]) or model([input_ids, attention_mask, token_type_ids]) a dictionary with one or several input Tensors associated to the input names given in the docstring:
model({"input_ids": input_ids, "token_type_ids": token_type_ids}) Note that when creating models and layers with
subclassing then you don’t need to worry
about any of this, as you can just pass inputs like you would to any other Python function!  call  < source > ( input_ids: TFModelInputType | None = None attention_mask: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None token_type_ids: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None position_ids: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None head_mask: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None inputs_embeds: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None mc_token_ids: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None output_attentions: Optional[bool] = None output_hidden_states: Opti


TFOpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel

onal[bool] = None return_dict: Optional[bool] = None training: Optional[bool] = False  ) → transformers.models.openai.modeling_tf_openai.TFOpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModelOutput or tuple(tf.Tensor)  Parameters   input_ids (Numpy array or tf.Tensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length)) —
Indices of input sequence tokens in the vocabulary.
Indices can be obtained using AutoTokenizer. See PreTrainedTokenizer.call() and
PreTrainedTokenizer.encode() for details.
What are input IDs?   attention_mask (tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Mask to avoid performing attention on padding token indices. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
1 for tokens that are not masked,
0 for tokens that are masked.
What are attention masks?   token_type_ids (tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Segment token indices to indicate first and second portions of the inputs. Indices are selected in [0, 1]:
0 corresponds to a sentence A t


TFOpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel

oken,
1 corresponds to a sentence B token.
What are token type IDs?   position_ids (tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Indices of positions of each input sequence tokens in the position embeddings. Selected in the range [0, config.max_position_embeddings - 1].
What are position IDs?   head_mask (tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (num_heads,) or (num_layers, num_heads), optional) —
Mask to nullify selected heads of the self-attention modules. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
1 indicates the head is not masked,
0 indicates the head is masked.
   inputs_embeds (tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size), optional) —
Optionally, instead of passing input_ids you can choose to directly pass an embedded representation. This
is useful if you want more control over how to convert input_ids indices into associated vectors than the
model’s internal embedding lookup matrix.   output_attentions (bool, optional) —


TFOpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel

Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned
tensors for more detail. This argument can be used only in eager mode, in graph mode the value in the
config will be used instead.   output_hidden_states (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for
more detail. This argument can be used only in eager mode, in graph mode the value in the config will be
used instead.   return_dict (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple. This argument can be used in
eager mode, in graph mode the value will always be set to True.   training (bool, optional, defaults to False) —
Whether or not to use the model in training mode (some modules like dropout modules have different
behaviors between training and evaluation).   mc_token_ids (tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, num_choices), optional, default to index of


TFOpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel

 the last token of the input) —
Index of the classification token in each input sequence. Selected in the range [0, input_ids.size(-1) - 1].   Returns
transformers.models.openai.modeling_tf_openai.TFOpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModelOutput or tuple(tf.Tensor)

A transformers.models.openai.modeling_tf_openai.TFOpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModelOutput or a tuple of tf.Tensor (if
return_dict=False is passed or when config.return_dict=False) comprising various elements depending on the
configuration (OpenAIGPTConfig) and inputs.
logits (tf.Tensor of shape (batch_size, num_choices, sequence_length, config.vocab_size)) — Prediction scores of the language modeling head (scores for each vocabulary token before SoftMax).
mc_logits (tf.Tensor of shape (batch_size, num_choices)) — Prediction scores of the multiple choice classification head (scores for each choice before SoftMax).
hidden_states (tuple(tf.Tensor), optional, returned when output_hidden_states=True is passed or when config.output_hidde


TFOpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel

n_states=True) — Tuple of tf.Tensor (one for the output of the embeddings + one for the output of each layer) of shape
(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size).
Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the initial embedding outputs.
attentions (tuple(tf.Tensor), optional, returned when output_attentions=True is passed or when config.output_attentions=True) — Tuple of tf.Tensor (one for each layer) of shape (batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length).
Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention
heads.
  The TFOpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel forward method, overrides the __call__ special method. Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while
the latter silently ignores them.  Examples:   Copied >>> import tensorflo


TFOpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel

w as tf
>>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, TFOpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("openai-gpt")
>>> model = TFOpenAIGPTDoubleHeadsModel.from_pretrained("openai-gpt")
>>> # Add a [CLS] to the vocabulary (we should train it also!)
>>> tokenizer.add_special_tokens({"cls_token": "[CLS]"})
>>> model.resize_token_embeddings(len(tokenizer))  # Update the model embeddings with the new vocabulary size
>>> print(tokenizer.cls_token_id, len(tokenizer))  # The newly token the last token of the vocabulary
>>> choices = ["Hello, my dog is cute [CLS]", "Hello, my cat is cute [CLS]"]
>>> encoding = tokenizer(choices, return_tensors="tf")
>>> inputs = {k: tf.expand_dims(v, 0) for k, v in encoding.items()}
>>> inputs["mc_token_ids"] = tf.constant(
...     [inputs["input_ids"].shape[-1] - 1, inputs["input_ids"].shape[-1] - 1]
... )[
...     None, :
... ]  # Batch size 1
>>> outputs = model(inputs)
>>> lm_prediction_scores, mc_prediction_scores = out


TFOpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification

class transformers.TFOpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification  < source > ( *args **kwargs  )   Parameters   config (OpenAIGPTConfig) — Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the from_pretrained() method to load the model weights.    The OpenAI GPT Model transformer with a sequence classification head on top (linear layer). TFOpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification uses the last token in order to do the classification, as other causal
models (e.g. GPT-2) do. Since it does classification on the last token, it requires to know the position of the last token. If a
pad_token_id is defined in the configuration, it finds the last token that is not a padding token in each row. If
no pad_token_id is defined, it simply takes the last value in each row of the batch. Since it cannot guess the
padding tokens when inputs_embeds are passed instea


TFOpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification

d of input_ids, it does the same (take the last value in
each row of the batch). This model inherits from TFPreTrainedModel. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads
etc.) This model is also a tf.keras.Model subclass. Use it
as a regular TF 2.0 Keras Model and refer to the TF 2.0 documentation for all matter related to general usage and
behavior. TensorFlow models and layers in transformers accept two formats as input: having all inputs as keyword arguments (like PyTorch models), or having all inputs as a list, tuple or dict in the first positional argument. The reason the second format is supported is that Keras methods prefer this format when passing inputs to models
and layers. Because of this support, when using methods like model.fit() things should “just work” for you - just
pass your inputs and labels in any format that mo


TFOpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification

del.fit() supports! If, however, you want to use the second
format outside of Keras methods like fit() and predict(), such as when creating your own layers or models with
the Keras Functional API, there are three possibilities you can use to gather all the input Tensors in the first
positional argument: a single Tensor with input_ids only and nothing else: model(input_ids) a list of varying length with one or several input Tensors IN THE ORDER given in the docstring:
model([input_ids, attention_mask]) or model([input_ids, attention_mask, token_type_ids]) a dictionary with one or several input Tensors associated to the input names given in the docstring:
model({"input_ids": input_ids, "token_type_ids": token_type_ids}) Note that when creating models and layers with
subclassing then you don’t need to worry
about any of this, as you can just pass inputs like you would to any other Python function!  call  < source > ( input_ids: TFModelInputType | None = None attenti


TFOpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification

on_mask: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None token_type_ids: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None position_ids: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None head_mask: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None inputs_embeds: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None output_attentions: Optional[bool] = None output_hidden_states: Optional[bool] = None return_dict: Optional[bool] = None labels: np.ndarray | tf.Tensor | None = None training: Optional[bool] = False  ) → transformers.modeling_tf_outputs.TFSequenceClassifierOutput or tuple(tf.Tensor)  Parameters   input_ids (Numpy array or tf.Tensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length)) —
Indices of input sequence tokens in the vocabulary.
Indices can be obtained using AutoTokenizer. See PreTrainedTokenizer.call() and
PreTrainedTokenizer.encode() for details.
What are input IDs?   attention_mask (tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Mask to avoid performing attention on padding token indices. Ma


TFOpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification

sk values selected in [0, 1]:
1 for tokens that are not masked,
0 for tokens that are masked.
What are attention masks?   token_type_ids (tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Segment token indices to indicate first and second portions of the inputs. Indices are selected in [0, 1]:
0 corresponds to a sentence A token,
1 corresponds to a sentence B token.
What are token type IDs?   position_ids (tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Indices of positions of each input sequence tokens in the position embeddings. Selected in the range [0, config.max_position_embeddings - 1].
What are position IDs?   head_mask (tf.Tensor or Numpy array of shape (num_heads,) or (num_layers, num_heads), optional) —
Mask to nullify selected heads of the self-attention modules. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
1 indicates the head is not masked,
0 indicates the head is masked.
   inputs_embeds (tf.Tensor or Numpy


TFOpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification

 array of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size), optional) —
Optionally, instead of passing input_ids you can choose to directly pass an embedded representation. This
is useful if you want more control over how to convert input_ids indices into associated vectors than the
model’s internal embedding lookup matrix.   output_attentions (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned
tensors for more detail. This argument can be used only in eager mode, in graph mode the value in the
config will be used instead.   output_hidden_states (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for
more detail. This argument can be used only in eager mode, in graph mode the value in the config will be
used instead.   return_dict (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple. This argument ca


TFOpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification

n be used in
eager mode, in graph mode the value will always be set to True.   training (bool, optional, defaults to False) —
Whether or not to use the model in training mode (some modules like dropout modules have different
behaviors between training and evaluation).   labels (tf.Tensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Labels for computing the cross entropy classification loss. Indices should be in [0, ..., config.vocab_size - 1].   Returns
transformers.modeling_tf_outputs.TFSequenceClassifierOutput or tuple(tf.Tensor)

A transformers.modeling_tf_outputs.TFSequenceClassifierOutput or a tuple of tf.Tensor (if
return_dict=False is passed or when config.return_dict=False) comprising various elements depending on the
configuration (OpenAIGPTConfig) and inputs.
loss (tf.Tensor of shape (batch_size, ), optional, returned when labels is provided) — Classification (or regression if config.num_labels==1) loss.
logits (tf.Tensor of shape (batch_size,


TFOpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification

 config.num_labels)) — Classification (or regression if config.num_labels==1) scores (before SoftMax).
hidden_states (tuple(tf.Tensor), optional, returned when output_hidden_states=True is passed or when config.output_hidden_states=True) — Tuple of tf.Tensor (one for the output of the embeddings + one for the output of each layer) of shape
(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size).
Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the initial embedding outputs.
attentions (tuple(tf.Tensor), optional, returned when output_attentions=True is passed or when config.output_attentions=True) — Tuple of tf.Tensor (one for each layer) of shape (batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length).
Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention
heads.
  The TFOpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification forward method, overrides the __call__ special method. Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be def


TFOpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification

ined within this function, one should call the Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while
the latter silently ignores them.  Example:   Copied >>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, TFOpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification
>>> import tensorflow as tf
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("openai-gpt")
>>> model = TFOpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained("openai-gpt")
>>> inputs = tokenizer("Hello, my dog is cute", return_tensors="tf")
>>> logits = model(**inputs).logits
>>> predicted_class_id = int(tf.math.argmax(logits, axis=-1)[0])    Copied >>> # To train a model on `num_labels` classes, you can pass `num_labels=num_labels` to `.from_pretrained(...)`
>>> num_labels = len(model.config.id2label)
>>> model = TFOpenAIGPTForSequenceClassification.from_pretrained("openai-gpt", num_labels=num_labels)
>>> labels = tf.constant(1)
>>> loss = model(**inputs, labels=labels)


Overview

The BERT model was proposed in BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding by Jacob Devlin, Ming-Wei Chang, Kenton Lee and Kristina Toutanova. It’s a
bidirectional transformer pretrained using a combination of masked language modeling objective and next sentence
prediction on a large corpus comprising the Toronto Book Corpus and Wikipedia.
The abstract from the paper is the following:
We introduce a new language representation model called BERT, which stands for Bidirectional Encoder Representations
from Transformers. Unlike recent language representation models, BERT is designed to pre-train deep bidirectional
representations from unlabeled text by jointly conditioning on both left and right context in all layers. As a result,
the pre-trained BERT model can be fine-tuned wit


Overview

h just one additional output layer to create state-of-the-art models
for a wide range of tasks, such as question answering and language inference, without substantial task-specific
architecture modifications.
BERT is conceptually simple and empirically powerful. It obtains new state-of-the-art results on eleven natural
language processing tasks, including pushing the GLUE score to 80.5% (7.7% point absolute improvement), MultiNLI
accuracy to 86.7% (4.6% absolute improvement), SQuAD v1.1 question answering Test F1 to 93.2 (1.5 point absolute
improvement) and SQuAD v2.0 Test F1 to 83.1 (5.1 point absolute improvement).
Tips:
BERT is a model with absolute position embeddings so it’s usually advised to pad the inputs on the right rather than
the left. BERT was trained with the masked language modeling (MLM) and next


Overview

 sentence prediction (NSP) objectives. It is
efficient at predicting masked tokens and at NLU in general, but is not optimal for text generation. Corrupts the inputs by using random masking, more precisely, during pretraining, a given percentage of tokens (usually 15%) is masked by: a special mask token with probability 0.8 a random token different from the one masked with probability 0.1 the same token with probability 0.1 The model must predict the original sentence, but has a second objective: inputs are two sentences A and B (with a separation token in between). With probability 50%, the sentences are consecutive in the corpus, in the remaining 50% they are not related. The model has to predict if the sentences are consecutive or not.
This model was contributed by thomwolf. The original code can be found her


Resources

A list of official Hugging Face and community (indicated by 🌎) resources to help you get started with BERT. If you’re interested in submitting a resource to be included here, please feel free to open a Pull Request and we’ll review it! The resource should ideally demonstrate something new instead of duplicating an existing resource.
 Text Classification
A blog post on BERT Text Classification in a different language. A notebook for Finetuning BERT (and friends) for multi-label text classification. A notebook on how to Finetune BERT for multi-label classification using PyTorch. 🌎 A notebook on how to warm-start an EncoderDecoder model with BERT for summarization. BertForSequenceClassification is supported by this example script and notebook. TFBertForSequenceClassification is supported by this example script and notebook. Fl


Resources

axBertForSequenceClassification is supported by this example script and notebook. Text classification task guide
 Token Classification
A blog post on how to use Hugging Face Transformers with Keras: Fine-tune a non-English BERT for Named Entity Recognition. A notebook for Finetuning BERT for named-entity recognition using only the first wordpiece of each word in the word label during tokenization. To propagate the label of the word to all wordpieces, see this version of the notebook instead. BertForTokenClassification is supported by this example script and notebook. TFBertForTokenClassification is supported by this example script and notebook. FlaxBertForTokenClassification is supported by this example script. Token classification chapter of the 🤗 Hugging Face Course. Token classification task guide
 Fill-Mask
BertForMaske


Resources

dLM is supported by this example script and notebook. TFBertForMaskedLM is supported by this example script and notebook. FlaxBertForMaskedLM is supported by this example script and notebook. Masked language modeling chapter of the 🤗 Hugging Face Course. Masked language modeling task guide
 Question Answering
BertForQuestionAnswering is supported by this example script and notebook. TFBertForQuestionAnswering is supported by this example script and notebook. FlaxBertForQuestionAnswering is supported by this example script. Question answering chapter of the 🤗 Hugging Face Course. Question answering task guide
Multiple choice
BertForMultipleChoice is supported by this example script and notebook. TFBertForMultipleChoice is supported by this example script and notebook. Multiple choice task guide
⚡ Inference
A blog post on ho


Resources

w to Accelerate BERT inference with Hugging Face Transformers and AWS Inferentia. A blog post on how to Accelerate BERT inference with DeepSpeed-Inference on GPUs.
⚙ Pretraining
A blog post on Pre-Training BERT with Hugging Face Transformers and Habana Gaudi.
🚀 Deploy
A blog post on how to Convert Transformers to ONNX with Hugging Face Optimum. A blog post on how to Setup Deep Learning environment for Hugging Face Transformers with Habana Gaudi on AWS. A blog post on Autoscaling BERT with Hugging Face Transformers, Amazon SageMaker and Terraform module. A blog post on Serverless BERT with HuggingFace, AWS Lambda, and Docker. A blog post on Hugging Face Transformers BERT fine-tuning using Amazon SageMaker and Training Compiler. A blog post on Task-specific knowledge distillation for BERT using Transformers & Amazon SageMake


BertConfig

class transformers.BertConfig  < source > ( vocab_size = 30522 hidden_size = 768 num_hidden_layers = 12 num_attention_heads = 12 intermediate_size = 3072 hidden_act = 'gelu' hidden_dropout_prob = 0.1 attention_probs_dropout_prob = 0.1 max_position_embeddings = 512 type_vocab_size = 2 initializer_range = 0.02 layer_norm_eps = 1e-12 pad_token_id = 0 position_embedding_type = 'absolute' use_cache = True classifier_dropout = None **kwargs  )   Parameters   vocab_size (int, optional, defaults to 30522) —
Vocabulary size of the BERT model. Defines the number of different tokens that can be represented by the
inputs_ids passed when calling BertModel or TFBertModel.   hidden_size (int, optional, defaults to 768) —
Dimensionality of the encoder layers and the pooler layer.   num_hidden_layers (int, optiona


BertConfig

l, defaults to 12) —
Number of hidden layers in the Transformer encoder.   num_attention_heads (int, optional, defaults to 12) —
Number of attention heads for each attention layer in the Transformer encoder.   intermediate_size (int, optional, defaults to 3072) —
Dimensionality of the “intermediate” (often named feed-forward) layer in the Transformer encoder.   hidden_act (str or Callable, optional, defaults to "gelu") —
The non-linear activation function (function or string) in the encoder and pooler. If string, "gelu",
"relu", "silu" and "gelu_new" are supported.   hidden_dropout_prob (float, optional, defaults to 0.1) —
The dropout probability for all fully connected layers in the embeddings, encoder, and pooler.   attention_probs_dropout_prob (float, optional, defaults to 0.1) —
The dropout ra


BertConfig

tio for the attention probabilities.   max_position_embeddings (int, optional, defaults to 512) —
The maximum sequence length that this model might ever be used with. Typically set this to something large
just in case (e.g., 512 or 1024 or 2048).   type_vocab_size (int, optional, defaults to 2) —
The vocabulary size of the token_type_ids passed when calling BertModel or TFBertModel.   initializer_range (float, optional, defaults to 0.02) —
The standard deviation of the truncated_normal_initializer for initializing all weight matrices.   layer_norm_eps (float, optional, defaults to 1e-12) —
The epsilon used by the layer normalization layers.   position_embedding_type (str, optional, defaults to "absolute") —
Type of position embedding. Choose one of "absolute", "relative_key", "relative_key_query".


BertConfig

 For
positional embeddings use "absolute". For more information on "relative_key", please refer to
Self-Attention with Relative Position Representations (Shaw et al.).
For more information on "relative_key_query", please refer to Method 4 in Improve Transformer Models
with Better Relative Position Embeddings (Huang et al.).   is_decoder (bool, optional, defaults to False) —
Whether the model is used as a decoder or not. If False, the model is used as an encoder.   use_cache (bool, optional, defaults to True) —
Whether or not the model should return the last key/values attentions (not used by all models). Only
relevant if config.is_decoder=True.   classifier_dropout (float, optional) —
The dropout ratio for the classification head.    This is the configuration class to store the configuration of a


BertConfig

BertModel or a TFBertModel. It is used to
instantiate a BERT model according to the specified arguments, defining the model architecture. Instantiating a
configuration with the defaults will yield a similar configuration to that of the BERT
bert-base-uncased architecture. Configuration objects inherit from PretrainedConfig and can be used to control the model outputs. Read the
documentation from PretrainedConfig for more information.  Examples:   Copied >>> from transformers import BertConfig, BertModel
>>> # Initializing a BERT bert-base-uncased style configuration
>>> configuration = BertConfig()
>>> # Initializing a model (with random weights) from the bert-base-uncased style configuration
>>> model = BertModel(configuration)
>>> # Accessing the model configuration
>>> configuration = model.con


BertTokenizer

class transformers.BertTokenizer  < source > ( vocab_file do_lower_case = True do_basic_tokenize = True never_split = None unk_token = '[UNK]' sep_token = '[SEP]' pad_token = '[PAD]' cls_token = '[CLS]' mask_token = '[MASK]' tokenize_chinese_chars = True strip_accents = None **kwargs  )   Parameters   vocab_file (str) —
File containing the vocabulary.   do_lower_case (bool, optional, defaults to True) —
Whether or not to lowercase the input when tokenizing.   do_basic_tokenize (bool, optional, defaults to True) —
Whether or not to do basic tokenization before WordPiece.   never_split (Iterable, optional) —
Collection of tokens which will never be split during tokenization. Only has an effect when
do_basic_tokenize=True   unk_token (str, optional, defaults to "[UNK]") —
The unknown token. A token that is not in the vocabulary cannot be converted to an ID and is set to be this
token instead.   sep_token (str, optio


BertTokenizer

nal, defaults to "[SEP]") —
The separator token, which is used when building a sequence from multiple sequences, e.g. two sequences for
sequence classification or for a text and a question for question answering. It is also used as the last
token of a sequence built with special tokens.   pad_token (str, optional, defaults to "[PAD]") —
The token used for padding, for example when batching sequences of different lengths.   cls_token (str, optional, defaults to "[CLS]") —
The classifier token which is used when doing sequence classification (classification of the whole sequence
instead of per-token classification). It is the first token of the sequence when built with special tokens.   mask_token (str, optional, defaults to "[MASK]") —
The token used for masking values. This is the token used when training this model with masked language
modeling. This is the token which the model will try to predict.   tokenize_c


BertTokenizer

hinese_chars (bool, optional, defaults to True) —
Whether or not to tokenize Chinese characters.
This should likely be deactivated for Japanese (see this
issue).   strip_accents (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to strip all accents. If this option is not specified, then it will be determined by the
value for lowercase (as in the original BERT).    Construct a BERT tokenizer. Based on WordPiece. This tokenizer inherits from PreTrainedTokenizer which contains most of the main methods. Users should refer to
this superclass for more information regarding those methods.  build_inputs_with_special_tokens  < source > ( token_ids_0: typing.List[int] token_ids_1: typing.Optional[typing.List[int]] = None  ) → List[int]  Parameters   token_ids_0 (List[int]) —
List of IDs to which the special tokens will be added.   token_ids_1 (List[int], optional) —
Optional second list of IDs for sequence pairs.   Returns
List[int]

L


BertTokenizer

ist of input IDs with the appropriate special tokens.
  Build model inputs from a sequence or a pair of sequence for sequence classification tasks by concatenating and
adding special tokens. A BERT sequence has the following format: single sequence: [CLS] X [SEP] pair of sequences: [CLS] A [SEP] B [SEP]  get_special_tokens_mask  < source > ( token_ids_0: typing.List[int] token_ids_1: typing.Optional[typing.List[int]] = None already_has_special_tokens: bool = False  ) → List[int]  Parameters   token_ids_0 (List[int]) —
List of IDs.   token_ids_1 (List[int], optional) —
Optional second list of IDs for sequence pairs.   already_has_special_tokens (bool, optional, defaults to False) —
Whether or not the token list is already formatted with special tokens for the model.   Returns
List[int]

A list of integers in the range [0, 1]: 1 for a special token, 0 for a sequence token.
  Retrieve sequence ids from a token li


BertTokenizer

st that has no special tokens added. This method is called when adding
special tokens using the tokenizer prepare_for_model method.  create_token_type_ids_from_sequences  < source > ( token_ids_0: typing.List[int] token_ids_1: typing.Optional[typing.List[int]] = None  ) → List[int]  Parameters   token_ids_0 (List[int]) —
List of IDs.   token_ids_1 (List[int], optional) —
Optional second list of IDs for sequence pairs.   Returns
List[int]

List of token type IDs according to the given sequence(s).
  Create a mask from the two sequences passed to be used in a sequence-pair classification task. A BERT sequence  pair mask has the following format:   Copied 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
| first sequence    | second sequence | If token_ids_1 is None, this method only returns the first portion of the mask (0s).  save_vocabulary  < source > ( save_directory: str filename_prefix: typing.Optional[str] = None


BertTokenizerFast

class transformers.BertTokenizerFast  < source > ( vocab_file = None tokenizer_file = None do_lower_case = True unk_token = '[UNK]' sep_token = '[SEP]' pad_token = '[PAD]' cls_token = '[CLS]' mask_token = '[MASK]' tokenize_chinese_chars = True strip_accents = None **kwargs  )   Parameters   vocab_file (str) —
File containing the vocabulary.   do_lower_case (bool, optional, defaults to True) —
Whether or not to lowercase the input when tokenizing.   unk_token (str, optional, defaults to "[UNK]") —
The unknown token. A token that is not in the vocabulary cannot be converted to an ID and is set to be this
token instead.   sep_token (str, optional, defaults to "[SEP]") —
The separator token, which is used when building a sequence from multiple sequences, e.g. two sequences for
sequence classification or for a text and a question for question answering. It is also used as the last
token of a sequence built with special tokens.   pad_t


BertTokenizerFast

oken (str, optional, defaults to "[PAD]") —
The token used for padding, for example when batching sequences of different lengths.   cls_token (str, optional, defaults to "[CLS]") —
The classifier token which is used when doing sequence classification (classification of the whole sequence
instead of per-token classification). It is the first token of the sequence when built with special tokens.   mask_token (str, optional, defaults to "[MASK]") —
The token used for masking values. This is the token used when training this model with masked language
modeling. This is the token which the model will try to predict.   clean_text (bool, optional, defaults to True) —
Whether or not to clean the text before tokenization by removing any control characters and replacing all
whitespaces by the classic one.   tokenize_chinese_chars (bool, optional, defaults to True) —
Whether or not to tokenize Chinese characters. This should likely be deact


BertTokenizerFast

ivated for Japanese (see this
issue).   strip_accents (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to strip all accents. If this option is not specified, then it will be determined by the
value for lowercase (as in the original BERT).   wordpieces_prefix (str, optional, defaults to "##") —
The prefix for subwords.    Construct a “fast” BERT tokenizer (backed by HuggingFace’s tokenizers library). Based on WordPiece. This tokenizer inherits from PreTrainedTokenizerFast which contains most of the main methods. Users should
refer to this superclass for more information regarding those methods.  build_inputs_with_special_tokens  < source > ( token_ids_0 token_ids_1 = None  ) → List[int]  Parameters   token_ids_0 (List[int]) —
List of IDs to which the special tokens will be added.   token_ids_1 (List[int], optional) —
Optional second list of IDs for sequence pairs.   Returns
List[int]

List of input IDs with the appropriate special tokens.
  B


BertTokenizerFast

uild model inputs from a sequence or a pair of sequence for sequence classification tasks by concatenating and
adding special tokens. A BERT sequence has the following format: single sequence: [CLS] X [SEP] pair of sequences: [CLS] A [SEP] B [SEP]  create_token_type_ids_from_sequences  < source > ( token_ids_0: typing.List[int] token_ids_1: typing.Optional[typing.List[int]] = None  ) → List[int]  Parameters   token_ids_0 (List[int]) —
List of IDs.   token_ids_1 (List[int], optional) —
Optional second list of IDs for sequence pairs.   Returns
List[int]

List of token type IDs according to the given sequence(s).
  Create a mask from the two sequences passed to be used in a sequence-pair classification task. A BERT sequence  pair mask has the following format:   Copied 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
| first sequence    | second sequence | If token_ids_1 is None, this method only returns the first portion of the mask (0s)


TFBertTokenizer

class transformers.TFBertTokenizer  < source > ( *args **kwargs  )   Parameters   vocab_list (list) —
List containing the vocabulary.   do_lower_case (bool, optional, defaults to True) —
Whether or not to lowercase the input when tokenizing.   cls_token_id (str, optional, defaults to "[CLS]") —
The classifier token which is used when doing sequence classification (classification of the whole sequence
instead of per-token classification). It is the first token of the sequence when built with special tokens.   sep_token_id (str, optional, defaults to "[SEP]") —
The separator token, which is used when building a sequence from multiple sequences, e.g. two sequences for
sequence classification or for a text and a question for question answering. It is also used as the last
token of a sequence built with special tokens.   pad_token_id (str, optional, defaults to "[PAD]") —
The token used


TFBertTokenizer

 for padding, for example when batching sequences of different lengths.   padding (str, defaults to "longest") —
The type of padding to use. Can be either "longest", to pad only up to the longest sample in the batch,
or `“max_length”, to pad all inputs to the maximum length supported by the tokenizer.   truncation (bool, optional, defaults to True) —
Whether to truncate the sequence to the maximum length.   max_length (int, optional, defaults to 512) —
The maximum length of the sequence, used for padding (if padding is “max_length”) and/or truncation (if
truncation is True).   pad_to_multiple_of (int, optional, defaults to None) —
If set, the sequence will be padded to a multiple of this value.   return_token_type_ids (bool, optional, defaults to True) —
Whether to return token_type_ids.   return_attention_mask (bool, optional, defaults to True) —
Whether to return the attention_ma


TFBertTokenizer

sk.   use_fast_bert_tokenizer (bool, optional, defaults to True) —
If True, will use the FastBertTokenizer class from Tensorflow Text. If False, will use the BertTokenizer
class instead. BertTokenizer supports some additional options, but is slower and cannot be exported to
TFLite.    This is an in-graph tokenizer for BERT. It should be initialized similarly to other tokenizers, using the
from_pretrained() method. It can also be initialized with the from_tokenizer() method, which imports settings
from an existing standard tokenizer object. In-graph tokenizers, unlike other Hugging Face tokenizers, are actually Keras layers and are designed to be run
when the model is called, rather than during preprocessing. As a result, they have somewhat more limited options
than standard tokenizer classes. They are most useful when you want to create an end-to-end model that goes
straight from t


TFBertTokenizer

f.string inputs to outputs.  from_pretrained  < source > ( pretrained_model_name_or_path: typing.Union[str, os.PathLike] *init_inputs **kwargs  )   Parameters   pretrained_model_name_or_path (str or os.PathLike) —
The name or path to the pre-trained tokenizer.    Instantiate a TFBertTokenizer from a pre-trained tokenizer.  Examples:   Copied from transformers import TFBertTokenizer
tf_tokenizer = TFBertTokenizer.from_pretrained("bert-base-uncased")  from_tokenizer  < source > ( tokenizer: PreTrainedTokenizerBase **kwargs  )   Parameters   tokenizer (PreTrainedTokenizerBase) —
The tokenizer to use to initialize the TFBertTokenizer.    Initialize a TFBertTokenizer from an existing Tokenizer.  Examples:   Copied from transformers import AutoTokenizer, TFBertTokenizer
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("bert-base-uncased")
tf_tokenizer = TFBertTokenizer.from_tokenizer(tokenizer)


Bert specific outputs

class transformers.models.bert.modeling_bert.BertForPreTrainingOutput  < source > ( loss: typing.Optional[torch.FloatTensor] = None prediction_logits: FloatTensor = None seq_relationship_logits: FloatTensor = None hidden_states: typing.Optional[typing.Tuple[torch.FloatTensor]] = None attentions: typing.Optional[typing.Tuple[torch.FloatTensor]] = None  )   Parameters   loss (optional, returned when labels is provided, torch.FloatTensor of shape (1,)) —
Total loss as the sum of the masked language modeling loss and the next sequence prediction
(classification) loss.   prediction_logits (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, config.vocab_size)) —
Prediction scores of the language modeling head (scores for each vocabulary token before SoftMax).   seq_relationship_logits (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, 2)) —
Prediction scores of the next sequence prediction (classification) head (scores of True/False continuation
before SoftMax)


Bert specific outputs

.   hidden_states (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_hidden_states=True is passed or when config.output_hidden_states=True) —
Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for the output of the embeddings + one for the output of each layer) of
shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size).
Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the initial embedding outputs.   attentions (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_attentions=True is passed or when config.output_attentions=True) —
Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for each layer) of shape (batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length).
Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention
heads.    Output type of BertForPreTraining.
 class transformers.models.bert.modeling_tf_bert.TFBertForPreTrainingOutput  < source > ( loss: tf.Tensor | None = None prediction_logits: tf.Tensor = None seq_relat


Bert specific outputs

ionship_logits: tf.Tensor = None hidden_states: Optional[Union[Tuple[tf.Tensor], tf.Tensor]] = None attentions: Optional[Union[Tuple[tf.Tensor], tf.Tensor]] = None  )   Parameters   prediction_logits (tf.Tensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, config.vocab_size)) —
Prediction scores of the language modeling head (scores for each vocabulary token before SoftMax).   seq_relationship_logits (tf.Tensor of shape (batch_size, 2)) —
Prediction scores of the next sequence prediction (classification) head (scores of True/False continuation
before SoftMax).   hidden_states (tuple(tf.Tensor), optional, returned when output_hidden_states=True is passed or when config.output_hidden_states=True) —
Tuple of tf.Tensor (one for the output of the embeddings + one for the output of each layer) of shape
(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size).
Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the initial embedding outputs.   attentions (tuple(tf.Tensor


Bert specific outputs

), optional, returned when output_attentions=True is passed or when config.output_attentions=True) —
Tuple of tf.Tensor (one for each layer) of shape (batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length).
Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention
heads.    Output type of TFBertForPreTraining.
 class transformers.models.bert.modeling_flax_bert.FlaxBertForPreTrainingOutput  < source > ( prediction_logits: Array = None seq_relationship_logits: Array = None hidden_states: typing.Optional[typing.Tuple[jax.Array]] = None attentions: typing.Optional[typing.Tuple[jax.Array]] = None  )   Parameters   prediction_logits (jnp.ndarray of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, config.vocab_size)) —
Prediction scores of the language modeling head (scores for each vocabulary token before SoftMax).   seq_relationship_logits (jnp.ndarray of shape (batch_size, 2)) —
Prediction scores of the next sequence


Bert specific outputs

prediction (classification) head (scores of True/False continuation
before SoftMax).   hidden_states (tuple(jnp.ndarray), optional, returned when output_hidden_states=True is passed or when config.output_hidden_states=True) —
Tuple of jnp.ndarray (one for the output of the embeddings + one for the output of each layer) of shape
(batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size).
Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the initial embedding outputs.   attentions (tuple(jnp.ndarray), optional, returned when output_attentions=True is passed or when config.output_attentions=True) —
Tuple of jnp.ndarray (one for each layer) of shape (batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length).
Attentions weights after the attention softmax, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention
heads.    Output type of BertForPreTraining.  replace  < source > ( **updates  )    “Returns a new object replacing the specified fields with new value


BertModel

class transformers.BertModel  < source > ( config add_pooling_layer = True  )   Parameters   config (BertConfig) — Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the from_pretrained() method to load the model weights.    The bare Bert Model transformer outputting raw hidden-states without any specific head on top. This model inherits from PreTrainedModel. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads
etc.) This model is also a PyTorch torch.nn.Module subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior. The model can behave as an encoder (with only self-attention) as well as a decoder, in


BertModel

which case a layer of
cross-attention is added between the self-attention layers, following the architecture described in Attention is
all you need by Ashish Vaswani, Noam Shazeer, Niki Parmar, Jakob Uszkoreit,
Llion Jones, Aidan N. Gomez, Lukasz Kaiser and Illia Polosukhin. To behave as an decoder the model needs to be initialized with the is_decoder argument of the configuration set
to True. To be used in a Seq2Seq model, the model needs to initialized with both is_decoder argument and
add_cross_attention set to True; an encoder_hidden_states is then expected as an input to the forward pass.  forward  < source > ( input_ids: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None attention_mask: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None token_type_ids: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None position_ids: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None head_mask: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None inputs_embeds: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None encoder_hidden_sta


BertModel

tes: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None encoder_attention_mask: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None past_key_values: typing.Optional[typing.List[torch.FloatTensor]] = None use_cache: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_attentions: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_hidden_states: typing.Optional[bool] = None return_dict: typing.Optional[bool] = None  ) → transformers.modeling_outputs.BaseModelOutputWithPoolingAndCrossAttentions or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)  Parameters   input_ids (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length)) —
Indices of input sequence tokens in the vocabulary.
Indices can be obtained using AutoTokenizer. See PreTrainedTokenizer.encode() and
PreTrainedTokenizer.call() for details.
What are input IDs?   attention_mask (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Mask to avoid performing attention on padding token indices. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
1 for tokens that are no


BertModel

t masked,
0 for tokens that are masked.
What are attention masks?   token_type_ids (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Segment token indices to indicate first and second portions of the inputs. Indices are selected in [0, 1]:
0 corresponds to a sentence A token,
1 corresponds to a sentence B token.
What are token type IDs?   position_ids (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Indices of positions of each input sequence tokens in the position embeddings. Selected in the range [0, config.max_position_embeddings - 1].
What are position IDs?   head_mask (torch.FloatTensor of shape (num_heads,) or (num_layers, num_heads), optional) —
Mask to nullify selected heads of the self-attention modules. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
1 indicates the head is not masked,
0 indicates the head is masked.
   inputs_embeds (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_s


BertModel

ize), optional) —
Optionally, instead of passing input_ids you can choose to directly pass an embedded representation. This
is useful if you want more control over how to convert input_ids indices into associated vectors than the
model’s internal embedding lookup matrix.   output_attentions (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned
tensors for more detail.   output_hidden_states (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for
more detail.   return_dict (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple.   encoder_hidden_states  (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size), optional) —
Sequence of hidden-states at the output of the last layer of the encoder. Used in the cross-attention if
the model is configured as a decoder.


BertModel

  encoder_attention_mask (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Mask to avoid performing attention on the padding token indices of the encoder input. This mask is used in
the cross-attention if the model is configured as a decoder. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
1 for tokens that are not masked,
0 for tokens that are masked.
   past_key_values (tuple(tuple(torch.FloatTensor)) of length config.n_layers with each tuple having 4 tensors of shape (batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length - 1, embed_size_per_head)) —
Contains precomputed key and value hidden states of the attention blocks. Can be used to speed up decoding.
If past_key_values are used, the user can optionally input only the last decoder_input_ids (those that
don’t have their past key value states given to this model) of shape (batch_size, 1) instead of all
decoder_input_ids of shape (batch_size, sequence_length).   use_cache (bool, optional)


BertModel

—
If set to True, past_key_values key value states are returned and can be used to speed up decoding (see
past_key_values).   Returns
transformers.modeling_outputs.BaseModelOutputWithPoolingAndCrossAttentions or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)

A transformers.modeling_outputs.BaseModelOutputWithPoolingAndCrossAttentions or a tuple of
torch.FloatTensor (if return_dict=False is passed or when config.return_dict=False) comprising various
elements depending on the configuration (BertConfig) and inputs.
last_hidden_state (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size)) — Sequence of hidden-states at the output of the last layer of the model.
pooler_output (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, hidden_size)) — Last layer hidden-state of the first token of the sequence (classification token) after further processing
through the layers used for the auxiliary pretraining task. E.g. for BERT-family of models, this returns


BertModel

the classification token after processing through a linear layer and a tanh activation function. The linear
layer weights are trained from the next sentence prediction (classification) objective during pretraining.
hidden_states (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_hidden_states=True is passed or when config.output_hidden_states=True) — Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for the output of the embeddings, if the model has an embedding layer, +
one for the output of each layer) of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size).
Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the optional initial embedding outputs.
attentions (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_attentions=True is passed or when config.output_attentions=True) — Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for each layer) of shape (batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length).
Attentions weights after the attention soft


BertModel

max, used to compute the weighted average in the self-attention
heads.
cross_attentions (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_attentions=True and config.add_cross_attention=True is passed or when config.output_attentions=True) — Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for each layer) of shape (batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, sequence_length).
Attentions weights of the decoder’s cross-attention layer, after the attention softmax, used to compute the
weighted average in the cross-attention heads.
past_key_values (tuple(tuple(torch.FloatTensor)), optional, returned when use_cache=True is passed or when config.use_cache=True) — Tuple of tuple(torch.FloatTensor) of length config.n_layers, with each tuple having 2 tensors of shape
(batch_size, num_heads, sequence_length, embed_size_per_head)) and optionally if
config.is_encoder_decoder=True 2 additional tensors of shape (batch_size, num_heads, encoder_sequence_length, e


BertModel

mbed_size_per_head).
Contains pre-computed hidden-states (key and values in the self-attention blocks and optionally if
config.is_encoder_decoder=True in the cross-attention blocks) that can be used (see past_key_values
input) to speed up sequential decoding.
  The BertModel forward method, overrides the __call__ special method. Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the pre and post processing steps while
the latter silently ignores them.  Example:   Copied >>> from transformers import AutoTokenizer, BertModel
>>> import torch
>>> tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained("bert-base-uncased")
>>> model = BertModel.from_pretrained("bert-base-uncased")
>>> inputs = tokenizer("Hello, my dog is cute", return_tensors="pt")
>>> outputs = model(**inputs)
>>> last_hidden_states = outputs.last_hidden_s


BertForPreTraining

class transformers.BertForPreTraining  < source > ( config  )   Parameters   config (BertConfig) — Model configuration class with all the parameters of the model.
Initializing with a config file does not load the weights associated with the model, only the
configuration. Check out the from_pretrained() method to load the model weights.    Bert Model with two heads on top as done during the pretraining: a masked language modeling head and a next sentence prediction (classification) head. This model inherits from PreTrainedModel. Check the superclass documentation for the generic methods the
library implements for all its model (such as downloading or saving, resizing the input embeddings, pruning heads
etc.) This model is also a PyTorch torch.nn.Module subclass.
Use it as a regular PyTorch Module and refer to the PyTorch documentation for all matter related to general usage
and behavior.  forward  < source > ( input_ids: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None attention_mask: typing.O


BertForPreTraining

ptional[torch.Tensor] = None token_type_ids: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None position_ids: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None head_mask: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None inputs_embeds: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None labels: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None next_sentence_label: typing.Optional[torch.Tensor] = None output_attentions: typing.Optional[bool] = None output_hidden_states: typing.Optional[bool] = None return_dict: typing.Optional[bool] = None  ) → transformers.models.bert.modeling_bert.BertForPreTrainingOutput or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)  Parameters   input_ids (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length)) —
Indices of input sequence tokens in the vocabulary.
Indices can be obtained using AutoTokenizer. See PreTrainedTokenizer.encode() and
PreTrainedTokenizer.call() for details.
What are input IDs?   attention_mask (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Mask to avoid performing attention on padding token ind


BertForPreTraining

ices. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
1 for tokens that are not masked,
0 for tokens that are masked.
What are attention masks?   token_type_ids (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Segment token indices to indicate first and second portions of the inputs. Indices are selected in [0, 1]:
0 corresponds to a sentence A token,
1 corresponds to a sentence B token.
What are token type IDs?   position_ids (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional) —
Indices of positions of each input sequence tokens in the position embeddings. Selected in the range [0, config.max_position_embeddings - 1].
What are position IDs?   head_mask (torch.FloatTensor of shape (num_heads,) or (num_layers, num_heads), optional) —
Mask to nullify selected heads of the self-attention modules. Mask values selected in [0, 1]:
1 indicates the head is not masked,
0 indicates the head is masked.
   inputs_embeds (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_le


BertForPreTraining

ngth, hidden_size), optional) —
Optionally, instead of passing input_ids you can choose to directly pass an embedded representation. This
is useful if you want more control over how to convert input_ids indices into associated vectors than the
model’s internal embedding lookup matrix.   output_attentions (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the attentions tensors of all attention layers. See attentions under returned
tensors for more detail.   output_hidden_states (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return the hidden states of all layers. See hidden_states under returned tensors for
more detail.   return_dict (bool, optional) —
Whether or not to return a ModelOutput instead of a plain tuple.
labels (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length), optional):
Labels for computing the masked language modeling loss. Indices should be in [-100, 0, ..., config.vocab_size] (see input_ids docstring) Tokens with indices set to -100 are ignored (masked),
the loss is only co


BertForPreTraining

mputed for the tokens with labels in [0, ..., config.vocab_size]
next_sentence_label (torch.LongTensor of shape (batch_size,), optional):
Labels for computing the next sequence prediction (classification) loss. Input should be a sequence
pair (see input_ids docstring) Indices should be in [0, 1]:
0 indicates sequence B is a continuation of sequence A,
1 indicates sequence B is a random sequence.
kwargs (Dict[str, any], optional, defaults to {}):
Used to hide legacy arguments that have been deprecated.
   Returns
transformers.models.bert.modeling_bert.BertForPreTrainingOutput or tuple(torch.FloatTensor)

A transformers.models.bert.modeling_bert.BertForPreTrainingOutput or a tuple of
torch.FloatTensor (if return_dict=False is passed or when config.return_dict=False) comprising various
elements depending on the configuration (BertConfig) and inputs.
loss (optional, returned when labels is provided, torch.FloatTensor of shape (1,)) — Total loss as the sum of the masked language mod


BertForPreTraining

eling loss and the next sequence prediction
(classification) loss.
prediction_logits (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, sequence_length, config.vocab_size)) — Prediction scores of the language modeling head (scores for each vocabulary token before SoftMax).
seq_relationship_logits (torch.FloatTensor of shape (batch_size, 2)) — Prediction scores of the next sequence prediction (classification) head (scores of True/False continuation
before SoftMax).
hidden_states (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_hidden_states=True is passed or when config.output_hidden_states=True) — Tuple of torch.FloatTensor (one for the output of the embeddings + one for the output of each layer) of
shape (batch_size, sequence_length, hidden_size).
Hidden-states of the model at the output of each layer plus the initial embedding outputs.
attentions (tuple(torch.FloatTensor), optional, returned when output_attentions=True is passed or when config.output_attentions=True) — Tuple of t