This is Natural cytotoxicity triggering receptor 2 protein, from Human, contains 276 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like

Cytotoxicity-activating receptor that may contribute to the increased efficiency of activated natural killer (NK) cells to mediate tumor cell lysis


This is CD160 antigen protein, from Human, contains 181 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like V-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like V-type

The soluble GPI-cleaved form, usually released by activated lymphocytes, might play an immune regulatory role by limiting lymphocyte effector functions


This is Interleukin-18-binding protein protein, from Human, contains 194 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like C2-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C2-type

Isoform A binds to IL-18 and inhibits its activity, Functions as an inhibitor of the early TH1 cytokine response


This is E3 SUMO-protein ligase ZBED1 protein, from Human, contains 694 amino acids, has 1 BED-type Zinc finger.

BED-type

(Microbial infection) Binds to human adenovirus gene promoters and contributes to transcriptional repression and virus growth inhibition during early stages of infection


This is C-module-binding factor A protein, from Social amoeba, contains 1000 amino acids, has 1 PHD-type; atypical Zinc finger, has 1 RING-type; degenerate Zinc finger.

PHD-type; atypical

RING-type; degenerate

Transcriptional regulator involved in phagocytosis and pinocytosis, Both activates and represses transcription, Regulates expression of acaA, carA, pkaC, csaA, cotB and lagC (PubMed:11162086, PubMed:15470262, PubMed:16607013, PubMed:19343174, PubMed:23355006, PubMed:26339297), Promotes amplification of the tRNA gene-associated retrotransposon TRE5-A, a mobile genetic element formerly called as Dictyostelium repetitive element (DRE), Suppresses agnC and agnE encoding argonaute proteins which are part of a RNA interference pathway controlling TRE5-A amplification, Required for amplification of both sense and antisense RNA transcripts, but does not activate their promoters found in A-module and C-module of the TRE5-A, respectively (PubMed:21076008, PubMed:26339297), Nevertheless, binds to distinct DNA sequences containing A and T stretches within the C-module in vitro (PubMed:10491202, PubMed:8898890, PubMed:11162086)


This is Thyroid hormone receptor alpha protein, from Pig, contains 506 amino acids, has 2 NR C4-type Zinc finger.

NR C4-type

NR C4-type

Nuclear hormone receptor that can act as a repressor or activator of transcription, High affinity receptor for thyroid hormones, including triiodothyronine and thyroxine

Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family, NR1 subfamily


This is Androgen receptor protein, from Chimpanzee, contains 911 amino acids, has 2 NR C4-type Zinc finger.

NR C4-type

NR C4-type

Steroid hormone receptors are ligand-activated transcription factors that regulate eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues, Transcription factor activity is modulated by bound coactivator and corepressor proteins like ZBTB7A that recruits NCOR1 and NCOR2 to the androgen response elements/ARE on target genes, negatively regulating androgen receptor signaling and androgen-induced cell proliferation, Transcription activation is also down-regulated by NR0B2, Activated, but not phosphorylated, by HIPK3 and ZIPK/DAPK3

Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family, NR3 subfamily


This is Androgen receptor protein, from Collared brown lemur, contains 884 amino acids, has 2 NR C4-type Zinc finger.

NR C4-type

NR C4-type


This is Mast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit protein, from Dog, contains 979 amino acids, has 5 Ig-like C2-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C2-type

Ig-like C2-type

Ig-like C2-type

Ig-like C2-type

Ig-like C2-type

Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as cell-surface receptor for the cytokine KITLG/SCF and plays an essential role in the regulation of cell survival and proliferation, hematopoiesis, stem cell maintenance, gametogenesis, mast cell development, migration and function, and in melanogenesis, In response to KITLG/SCF binding, KIT can activate several signaling pathways, Phosphorylates PIK3R1, PLCG1, SH2B2/APS and CBL, Activates the AKT1 signaling pathway by phosphorylation of PIK3R1, the regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, Activated KIT also transmits signals via GRB2 and activation of RAS, RAF1 and the MAP kinases MAPK1/ERK2 and/or MAPK3/ERK1, Promotes activation of STAT family members STAT1, STAT3, STAT5A and STAT5B, Activation of PLCG1 leads to the production of the cellular signaling molecules diacylglycerol and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, KIT signaling is modulated by protein phosphatases, and by rapid internalization and degradation of the receptor, Activated KIT promotes phosphorylation of the protein phosphatases PTPN6/SHP-1 and PTPRU, and of the transcription factors STAT1, STAT3, STAT5A and STAT5B, Promotes phosphorylation of PIK3R1, CBL, CRK (isoform Crk-II), LYN, MAPK1/ERK2 and/or MAPK3/ERK1, PLCG1, SRC and SHC1 (By similarity)

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily, Tyr protein kinase family, CSF-1/PDGF receptor subfamily


This is Androgen receptor protein, from Crab-eating macaque, contains 895 amino acids, has 2 NR C4-type Zinc finger.

NR C4-type

NR C4-type


This is Androgen receptor protein, from Hamadryas baboon, contains 895 amino acids, has 2 NR C4-type Zinc finger.

NR C4-type

NR C4-type


This is Tyrosine-protein kinase transforming protein fms protein, from Feline sarcoma virus (strain McDonough), contains 978 amino acids, has 5 Ig-like C2-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C2-type

Ig-like C2-type

Ig-like C2-type

Ig-like C2-type

Ig-like C2-type

Truncated version of the receptor for colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1)


This is Immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-33 protein, from Human, contains 117 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like

V region of the variable domain of immunoglobulin light chains that participates in the antigen recognition (PubMed:24600447), Immunoglobulins, also known as antibodies, are membrane-bound or secreted glycoproteins produced by B lymphocytes, In the recognition phase of humoral immunity, the membrane-bound immunoglobulins serve as receptors which, upon binding of a specific antigen, trigger the clonal expansion and differentiation of B lymphocytes into immunoglobulins-secreting plasma cells, Secreted immunoglobulins mediate the effector phase of humoral immunity, which results in the elimination of bound antigens (PubMed:20176268, PubMed:22158414), The antigen binding site is formed by the variable domain of one heavy chain, together with that of its associated light chain, Thus, each immunoglobulin has two antigen binding sites with remarkable affinity for a particular antigen, The variable domains are assembled by a process called V-(D)-J rearrangement and can then be subjected to somatic hypermutations which, after exposure to antigen and selection, allow affinity maturation for a particular antigen (PubMed:20176268, PubMed:17576170)


This is Immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-33 protein, from Human, contains 117 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like


This is Immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-39 protein, from Human, contains 117 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like


This is Immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-17 protein, from Human, contains 117 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like


This is Immunoglobulin kappa variable 1-5 protein, from Human, contains 117 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like


This is Immunoglobulin kappa variable 1D-12 protein, from Human, contains 117 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like


This is Immunoglobulin kappa variable 2D-28 protein, from Human, contains 120 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like


This is Immunoglobulin kappa variable 3-20 protein, from Human, contains 116 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like


This is Immunoglobulin lambda variable 1-44 protein, from Human, contains 117 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like

V region of the variable domain of immunoglobulin light chains that participates in the antigen recognition (PubMed:24600447), Immunoglobulins, also known as antibodies, are membrane-bound or secreted glycoproteins produced by B lymphocytes, In the recognition phase of humoral immunity, the membrane-bound immunoglobulins serve as receptors which, upon binding of a specific antigen, trigger the clonal expansion and differentiation of B lymphocytes into immunoglobulins-secreting plasma cells, Secreted immunoglobulins mediate the effector phase of humoral immunity, which results in the elimination of bound antigens (PubMed:20176268, PubMed:22158414), The antigen binding site is formed by the variable domain of one heavy chain, together with that of its associated light chain, Thus, each immunoglobulin has two antigen binding sites with remarkable affinity for a particular antigen, The variable domains are assembled by a process called V-(D)-J rearrangement and can then be subjected to somatic hypermutations which, after exposure to antigen and selection, allow affinity maturation for a particular antigen (PubMed:17576170, PubMed:20176268)


This is Immunoglobulin lambda variable 1-47 protein, from Human, contains 117 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like


This is Immunoglobulin lambda variable 1-51 protein, from Human, contains 117 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like


This is Immunoglobulin lambda variable 2-14 protein, from Human, contains 120 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like


This is Immunoglobulin lambda variable 2-23 protein, from Human, contains 113 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like


This is Immunoglobulin lambda variable 2-11 protein, from Human, contains 119 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like


This is Immunoglobulin lambda variable 2-8 protein, from Human, contains 118 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like


This is Immunoglobulin lambda variable 6-57 protein, from Human, contains 117 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like


This is T-cell surface glycoprotein CD4 protein, from Human, contains 458 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like V-type Immunoglobulin domain, has 3 Ig-like C2-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like V-type

Ig-like C2-type

Ig-like C2-type

Ig-like C2-type

(Microbial infection) Primary receptor for human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) (PubMed:2214026, PubMed:16331979, PubMed:9641677, PubMed:12089508), Down-regulated by HIV-1 Vpu (PubMed:17346169), Acts as a receptor for Human Herpes virus 7/HHV-7 (PubMed:7909607)


This is T-cell surface glycoprotein CD8 alpha chain protein, from Mouse, contains 247 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like V-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like V-type

Integral membrane glycoprotein that plays an essential role in the immune response and serves multiple functions in responses against both external and internal offenses, In T-cells, functions primarily as a coreceptor for MHC class I molecule:peptide complex, The antigens presented by class I peptides are derived from cytosolic proteins while class II derived from extracellular proteins, Interacts simultaneously with the T-cell receptor (TCR) and the MHC class I proteins presented by antigen presenting cells (APCs), In turn, recruits the Src kinase LCK to the vicinity of the TCR-CD3 complex, LCK then initiates different intracellular signaling pathways by phosphorylating various substrates ultimately leading to lymphokine production, motility, adhesion and activation of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes (CTLs), This mechanism enables CTLs to recognize and eliminate infected cells and tumor cells, In NK-cells, the presence of CD8A homodimers at the cell surface provides a survival mechanism allowing conjugation and lysis of multiple target cells, CD8A homodimer molecules also promote the survival and differentiation of activated lymphocytes into memory CD8 T-cells


This is T-cell surface glycoprotein CD8 alpha chain protein, from Human, contains 235 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like V-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like V-type


This is Immunoglobulin heavy variable 1-69 protein, from Human, contains 117 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like

V region of the variable domain of immunoglobulin heavy chains that participates in the antigen recognition (PubMed:24600447), Immunoglobulins, also known as antibodies, are membrane-bound or secreted glycoproteins produced by B lymphocytes, In the recognition phase of humoral immunity, the membrane-bound immunoglobulins serve as receptors which, upon binding of a specific antigen, trigger the clonal expansion and differentiation of B lymphocytes into immunoglobulins-secreting plasma cells, Secreted immunoglobulins mediate the effector phase of humoral immunity, which results in the elimination of bound antigens (PubMed:22158414, PubMed:20176268), The antigen binding site is formed by the variable domain of one heavy chain, together with that of its associated light chain, Thus, each immunoglobulin has two antigen binding sites with remarkable affinity for a particular antigen, The variable domains are assembled by a process called V-(D)-J rearrangement and can then be subjected to somatic hypermutations which, after exposure to antigen and selection, allow affinity maturation for a particular antigen (PubMed:20176268, PubMed:17576170)


This is Immunoglobulin heavy variable 3-23 protein, from Human, contains 117 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like


This is Immunoglobulin heavy variable 3-30 protein, from Human, contains 117 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like


This is Immunoglobulin heavy variable 3-33 protein, from Human, contains 117 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like


This is Immunoglobulin heavy variable 3-7 protein, from Human, contains 117 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like


This is Immunoglobulin heavy variable 2-70 protein, from Human, contains 119 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like


This is Immunoglobulin heavy variable 2-5 protein, from Human, contains 119 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like


This is Thy-1 membrane glycoprotein protein, from Rat, contains 161 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like V-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like V-type

May play a role in cell-cell or cell-ligand interactions during synaptogenesis and other events in the brain


This is Thy-1 membrane glycoprotein protein, from Mouse, contains 162 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like V-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like V-type


This is Polymeric immunoglobulin receptor protein, from Rabbit, contains 773 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like V-type 1; required for binding to polymeric IgA and IgM Immunoglobulin domain, has 4 Ig-like V-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like V-type

Ig-like V-type

Ig-like V-type

Ig-like V-type

Through its N-linked glycans ensures anchoring of secretory IgA (sIgA) molecules to mucus lining the epithelial surface to neutralize extracellular pathogens, On its own (free form) may act as a non-specific microbial scavenger to prevent pathogen interaction with epithelial cells


This is Polymeric immunoglobulin receptor protein, from Human, contains 764 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like V-type 1; required for binding to polymeric IgA and IgM Immunoglobulin domain, has 4 Ig-like V-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like V-type

Ig-like V-type

Ig-like V-type

Ig-like V-type

Through its N-linked glycans ensures anchoring of secretory IgA (sIgA) molecules to mucus lining the epithelial surface to neutralize extracellular pathogens (PubMed:12150896), On its own (free form) may act as a non-specific microbial scavenger to prevent pathogen interaction with epithelial cells (PubMed:16543244)


This is Immunoglobulin kappa constant protein, from Human, contains 107 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like

Constant region of immunoglobulin light chains, Immunoglobulins, also known as antibodies, are membrane-bound or secreted glycoproteins produced by B lymphocytes, In the recognition phase of humoral immunity, the membrane-bound immunoglobulins serve as receptors which, upon binding of a specific antigen, trigger the clonal expansion and differentiation of B lymphocytes into immunoglobulins-secreting plasma cells, Secreted immunoglobulins mediate the effector phase of humoral immunity, which results in the elimination of bound antigens (PubMed:22158414, PubMed:20176268), The antigen binding site is formed by the variable domain of one heavy chain, together with that of its associated light chain, Thus, each immunoglobulin has two antigen binding sites with remarkable affinity for a particular antigen, The variable domains are assembled by a process called V-(D)-J rearrangement and can then be subjected to somatic hypermutations which, after exposure to antigen and selection, allow affinity maturation for a particular antigen (PubMed:17576170, PubMed:20176268)


This is T cell receptor alpha chain constant protein, from Human, contains 140 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like C1-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C1-type

Constant region of T cell receptor (TR) alpha chain (PubMed:24600447), Alpha-beta T cell receptors are antigen specific receptors which are essential to the immune response and are present on the cell surface of T lymphocytes, Recognize peptide-major histocompatibility (MH) (pMH) complexes that are displayed by antigen presenting cells (APC), a prerequisite for efficient T cell adaptive immunity against pathogens (PubMed:25493333), Binding of alpha-beta TR to pMH complex initiates TR-CD3 clustering on the cell surface and intracellular activation of LCK that phosphorylates the ITAM motifs of CD3G, CD3D, CD3E and CD247 enabling the recruitment of ZAP70, In turn, ZAP70 phosphorylates LAT, which recruits numerous signaling molecules to form the LAT signalosome, The LAT signalosome propagates signal branching to three major signaling pathways, the calcium, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase and the nuclear factor NF-kappa-B (NF-kB) pathways, leading to the mobilization of transcription factors that are critical for gene expression and essential for T cell growth and differentiation (PubMed:23524462), The T cell repertoire is generated in the thymus, by V-(D)-J rearrangement, This repertoire is then shaped by intrathymic selection events to generate a peripheral T cell pool of self-MH restricted, non-autoaggressive T cells, Post-thymic interaction of alpha-beta TR with the pMH complexes shapes TR structural and functional avidity (PubMed:15040585)


This is T cell receptor beta constant 1 protein, from Human, contains 176 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like C1-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C1-type

Constant region of T cell receptor (TR) beta chain (PubMed:24600447), Alpha-beta T cell receptors are antigen specific receptors which are essential to the immune response and are present on the cell surface of T lymphocytes, Recognize peptide-major histocompatibility (MH) (pMH) complexes that are displayed by antigen presenting cells (APC), a prerequisite for efficient T cell adaptive immunity against pathogens (PubMed:25493333), Binding of alpha-beta TR to pMH complex initiates TR-CD3 clustering on the cell surface and intracellular activation of LCK that phosphorylates the ITAM motifs of CD3G, CD3D, CD3E and CD247 enabling the recruitment of ZAP70, In turn, ZAP70 phosphorylates LAT, which recruits numerous signaling molecules to form the LAT signalosome, The LAT signalosome propagates signal branching to three major signaling pathways, the calcium, the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase and the nuclear factor NF-kappa-B (NF-kB) pathways, leading to the mobilization of transcription factors that are critical for gene expression and essential for T cell growth and differentiation (PubMed:9382891, PubMed:23524462), The T cell repertoire is generated in the thymus, by V-(D)-J rearrangement, This repertoire is then shaped by intrathymic selection events to generate a peripheral T cell pool of self-MH restricted, non-autoaggressive T cells, Post-thymic interaction of alpha-beta TR with the pMH complexes shapes TR structural and functional avidity (PubMed:15040585)


This is Immunoglobulin heavy constant epsilon protein, from Human, contains 546 amino acids, has 4 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like

Ig-like

Ig-like

Ig-like

Constant region of membrane-bound IgE (short mIgE), part of the B cell receptor complex (BCR), Upon antigen cross-linking initiates slower but sustained BCR signaling that negatively regulates mature B cell proliferation


This is Immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 1 protein, from Human, contains 399 amino acids, has 3 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like

Ig-like

Ig-like

Constant region of immunoglobulin heavy chains, Immunoglobulins, also known as antibodies, are membrane-bound or secreted glycoproteins produced by B lymphocytes, In the recognition phase of humoral immunity, the membrane-bound immunoglobulins serve as receptors which, upon binding of a specific antigen, trigger the clonal expansion and differentiation of B lymphocytes into immunoglobulins-secreting plasma cells, Secreted immunoglobulins mediate the effector phase of humoral immunity, which results in the elimination of bound antigens (PubMed:22158414, PubMed:20176268), The antigen binding site is formed by the variable domain of one heavy chain, together with that of its associated light chain, Thus, each immunoglobulin has two antigen binding sites with remarkable affinity for a particular antigen, The variable domains are assembled by a process called V-(D)-J rearrangement and can then be subjected to somatic hypermutations which, after exposure to antigen and selection, allow affinity maturation for a particular antigen (PubMed:17576170, PubMed:20176268), Mediates IgG effector functions on monocytes triggering ADCC of virus-infected cells


This is Immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 2 protein, from Human, contains 395 amino acids, has 3 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like

Ig-like

Ig-like

Constant region of immunoglobulin heavy chains, Immunoglobulins, also known as antibodies, are membrane-bound or secreted glycoproteins produced by B lymphocytes, In the recognition phase of humoral immunity, the membrane-bound immunoglobulins serve as receptors which, upon binding of a specific antigen, trigger the clonal expansion and differentiation of B lymphocytes into immunoglobulins-secreting plasma cells, Secreted immunoglobulins mediate the effector phase of humoral immunity, which results in the elimination of bound antigens (PubMed:22158414, PubMed:20176268), The antigen binding site is formed by the variable domain of one heavy chain, together with that of its associated light chain, Thus, each immunoglobulin has two antigen binding sites with remarkable affinity for a particular antigen, The variable domains are assembled by a process called V-(D)-J rearrangement and can then be subjected to somatic hypermutations which, after exposure to antigen and selection, allow affinity maturation for a particular antigen (PubMed:17576170, PubMed:20176268)


This is Immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 3 protein, from Human, contains 446 amino acids, has 3 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like

Ig-like

Ig-like


This is Immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 4 protein, from Human, contains 396 amino acids, has 3 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like

Ig-like

Ig-like


This is Ig gamma-2A chain C region, membrane-bound form protein, from Mouse, contains 398 amino acids, has 3 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like

Ig-like

Ig-like


This is Immunoglobulin heavy constant gamma 2B protein, from Mouse, contains 404 amino acids, has 3 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like

Ig-like

Ig-like


This is Immunoglobulin heavy constant mu protein, from Human, contains 474 amino acids, has 4 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like

Ig-like

Ig-like

Ig-like

Constant region of immunoglobulin heavy chains, Immunoglobulins, also known as antibodies, are membrane-bound or secreted glycoproteins produced by B lymphocytes, In the recognition phase of humoral immunity, the membrane-bound immunoglobulins serve as receptors which, upon binding of a specific antigen, trigger the clonal expansion and differentiation of B lymphocytes into immunoglobulins-secreting plasma cells, Secreted immunoglobulins mediate the effector phase of humoral immunity, which results in the elimination of bound antigens (PubMed:22158414, PubMed:20176268), The antigen binding site is formed by the variable domain of one heavy chain, together with that of its associated light chain, Thus, each immunoglobulin has two antigen binding sites with remarkable affinity for a particular antigen, The variable domains are assembled by a process called V-(D)-J rearrangement and can then be subjected to somatic hypermutations which, after exposure to antigen and selection, allow affinity maturation for a particular antigen (PubMed:17576170, PubMed:20176268), IgM antibodies play an important role in primary defense mechanisms, They have been shown to be involved in early recognition of external invaders like bacteria and viruses, cellular waste and modified self, as well as in recognition and elimination of precancerous and cancerous lesions, The membrane-bound form is found in the majority of normal B-cells alongside with IgD, Membrane-bound IgM induces the phosphorylation of CD79A and CD79B by the Src family of protein tyrosine kinases, It may cause death of cells by apoptosis, It is also found in soluble form, which represents about 30% of the total serum immunoglobulins where it is found almost exclusively as a homopentamer, After the antigen binds to the B-cell receptor, the secreted form is secreted in large amounts (PubMed:3137579, PubMed:16895553)


This is Immunoglobulin heavy constant alpha 1 protein, from Human, contains 398 amino acids, has 3 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like

Ig-like

Ig-like

Constant region of immunoglobulin heavy chains, Immunoglobulins, also known as antibodies, are membrane-bound or secreted glycoproteins produced by B lymphocytes, In the recognition phase of humoral immunity, the membrane-bound immunoglobulins serve as receptors which, upon binding of a specific antigen, trigger the clonal expansion and differentiation of B lymphocytes into immunoglobulins-secreting plasma cells, Secreted immunoglobulins mediate the effector phase of humoral immunity, which results in the elimination of bound antigens (PubMed:22158414, PubMed:20176268), The antigen binding site is formed by the variable domain of one heavy chain, together with that of its associated light chain, Thus, each immunoglobulin has two antigen binding sites with remarkable affinity for a particular antigen, The variable domains are assembled by a process called V-(D)-J rearrangement and can then be subjected to somatic hypermutations which, after exposure to antigen and selection, allow affinity maturation for a particular antigen (PubMed:17576170, PubMed:20176268), Ig alpha is the major immunoglobulin class in body secretions (PubMed:2241915)


This is Immunoglobulin heavy constant alpha 2 protein, from Human, contains 391 amino acids, has 3 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like

Ig-like

Ig-like


This is Immunoglobulin heavy constant delta protein, from Human, contains 430 amino acids, has 3 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like

Ig-like

Ig-like

Constant region of immunoglobulin heavy chains, Immunoglobulins, also known as antibodies, are membrane-bound or secreted glycoproteins produced by B lymphocytes, In the recognition phase of humoral immunity, the membrane-bound immunoglobulins serve as receptors which, upon binding of a specific antigen, trigger the clonal expansion and differentiation of B lymphocytes into immunoglobulins-secreting plasma cells, Secreted immunoglobulins mediate the effector phase of humoral immunity, which results in the elimination of bound antigens (PubMed:22158414, PubMed:20176268), The antigen binding site is formed by the variable domain of one heavy chain, together with that of its associated light chain, Thus, each immunoglobulin has two antigen binding sites with remarkable affinity for a particular antigen, The variable domains are assembled by a process called V-(D)-J rearrangement and can then be subjected to somatic hypermutations which, after exposure to antigen and selection, allow affinity maturation for a particular antigen (PubMed:17576170, PubMed:20176268), IgD is the major antigen receptor isotype on the surface of most peripheral B-cells, where it is coexpressed with IgM, The membrane-bound IgD (mIgD) induces the phosphorylation of CD79A and CD79B by the Src family of protein tyrosine kinases, Soluble IgD (sIgD) concentration in serum below those of IgG, IgA, and IgM but much higher than that of IgE, IgM and IgD molecules present on B cells have identical V regions and antigen-binding sites, After the antigen binds to the B-cell receptor, the secreted form sIgD is shut off, IgD is a potent inducer of TNF, IL1B, and IL1RN, IgD also induces release of IL6, IL10, and LIF from peripheral blood mononuclear cells, Monocytes seem to be the main producers of cytokines in vitro in the presence of IgD (PubMed:8774350, PubMed:10702483, PubMed:11282392)


This is Beta-2-microglobulin protein, from Mouse, contains 119 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like C1-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C1-type

Component of the class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC), Involved in the presentation of peptide antigens to the immune system

Belongs to the beta-2-microglobulin family


This is HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, B alpha chain protein, from Human, contains 362 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like C1-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C1-type

Allele B*67:01: Displays peptides sharing a common signature motif, namely a Pro residue at position 2 and Leu anchor residue at the C-terminus


This is Putative HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain H protein, from Human, contains 362 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like C1-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C1-type

Involved in the presentation of foreign antigens to the immune system


This is H-2 class I histocompatibility antigen, alpha chain protein, from Mouse, contains 298 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like C1-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C1-type


This is H-2 class I histocompatibility antigen, L-D alpha chain protein, from Mouse, contains 362 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like C1-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C1-type


This is H-2 class I histocompatibility antigen, Q10 alpha chain protein, from Mouse, contains 325 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like C1-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C1-type


This is H-2 class I histocompatibility antigen, D-B alpha chain protein, from Mouse, contains 362 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like C1-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C1-type


This is H-2 class I histocompatibility antigen, D-D alpha chain protein, from Mouse, contains 365 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like C1-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C1-type


This is H-2 class I histocompatibility antigen, K-B alpha chain protein, from Mouse, contains 369 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like C1-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C1-type


This is H-2 class I histocompatibility antigen, K-D alpha chain protein, from Mouse, contains 368 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like C1-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C1-type


This is HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DR alpha chain protein, from Human, contains 254 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like C1-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C1-type

An alpha chain of antigen-presenting major histocompatibility complex class II (MHCII) molecule, In complex with the beta chain HLA-DRB, displays antigenic peptides on professional antigen presenting cells (APCs) for recognition by alpha-beta T cell receptor (TCR) on HLA-DR-restricted CD4-positive T cells, This guides antigen-specific T-helper effector functions, both antibody-mediated immune response and macrophage activation, to ultimately eliminate the infectious agents and transformed cells (PubMed:29884618, PubMed:17334368, PubMed:8145819, PubMed:15322540, PubMed:22327072, PubMed:27591323, PubMed:31495665, PubMed:15265931, PubMed:9075930, PubMed:24190431), Typically presents extracellular peptide antigens of 10 to 30 amino acids that arise from proteolysis of endocytosed antigens in lysosomes (PubMed:8145819), In the tumor microenvironment, presents antigenic peptides that are primarily generated in tumor-resident APCs likely via phagocytosis of apoptotic tumor cells or macropinocytosis of secreted tumor proteins (PubMed:31495665), Presents peptides derived from intracellular proteins that are trapped in autolysosomes after macroautophagy, a mechanism especially relevant for T cell selection in the thymus and central immune tolerance (PubMed:17182262, PubMed:23783831), The selection of the immunodominant epitopes follows two processing modes: 'bind first, cut/trim later' for pathogen-derived antigenic peptides and 'cut first, bind later' for autoantigens/self-peptides (PubMed:25413013), The anchor residue at position 1 of the peptide N-terminus, usually a large hydrophobic residue, is essential for high affinity interaction with MHCII molecules (PubMed:8145819)


This is HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ alpha 2 chain protein, from Human, contains 255 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like C1-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C1-type

Binds peptides derived from antigens that access the endocytic route of antigen presenting cells (APC) and presents them on the cell surface for recognition by the CD4 T-cells, The peptide binding cleft accommodates peptides of 10-30 residues, The peptides presented by MHC class II molecules are generated mostly by degradation of proteins that access the endocytic route, where they are processed by lysosomal proteases and other hydrolases, Exogenous antigens that have been endocytosed by the APC are thus readily available for presentation via MHC II molecules, and for this reason this antigen presentation pathway is usually referred to as exogenous, As membrane proteins on their way to degradation in lysosomes as part of their normal turn-over are also contained in the endosomal/lysosomal compartments, exogenous antigens must compete with those derived from endogenous components, Autophagy is also a source of endogenous peptides, autophagosomes constitutively fuse with MHC class II loading compartments, In addition to APCs, other cells of the gastrointestinal tract, such as epithelial cells, express MHC class II molecules and CD74 and act as APCs, which is an unusual trait of the GI tract, To produce a MHC class II molecule that presents an antigen, three MHC class II molecules (heterodimers of an alpha and a beta chain) associate with a CD74 trimer in the ER to form a heterononamer, Soon after the entry of this complex into the endosomal/lysosomal system where antigen processing occurs, CD74 undergoes a sequential degradation by various proteases, including CTSS and CTSL, leaving a small fragment termed CLIP (class-II-associated invariant chain peptide), The removal of CLIP is facilitated by HLA-DM via direct binding to the alpha-beta-CLIP complex so that CLIP is released, HLA-DM stabilizes MHC class II molecules until primary high affinity antigenic peptides are bound, The MHC II molecule bound to a peptide is then transported to the cell membrane surface, In B-cells, the interaction between HLA-DM and MHC class II molecules is regulated by HLA-DO, Primary dendritic cells (DCs) also to express HLA-DO, Lysosomal microenvironment has been implicated in the regulation of antigen loading into MHC II molecules, increased acidification produces increased proteolysis and efficient peptide loading


This is HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ alpha 1 chain protein, from Human, contains 254 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like C1-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C1-type


This is H-2 class II histocompatibility antigen, A-K alpha chain protein, from Mouse, contains 256 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like C1-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C1-type


This is HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DRB1 beta chain protein, from Human, contains 266 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like C1-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C1-type

(Microbial infection) Acts as a receptor for Epstein-Barr virus on lymphocytes


This is HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ beta 1 chain protein, from Human, contains 261 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like C1-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C1-type


This is H-2 class II histocompatibility antigen, A-D beta chain protein, from Mouse, contains 265 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like C1-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C1-type


This is Transcription factor IIIA protein, from African clawed frog, contains 366 amino acids, has 9 C2H2-type Zinc finger.

Involved in ribosomal large subunit biogenesis (By similarity), Acts as both a positive transcription factor for 5S RNA genes and a specific RNA binding protein that complexes with 5S RNA in oocytes to form the 7S ribonucleoprotein storage particle, May play an essential role in the developmental change in 5S RNA gene expression, Interacts with the internal control region (ICR) of approximately 50 bases within the 5S RNA genes, is required for correct transcription of these genes by RNA polymerase III (PubMed:2253880, PubMed:1538401, PubMed:1762917), Also binds the transcribed 5S RNA's (By similarity)


This is Large T antigen protein, from SV40, contains 708 amino acids, has 1 T-ag D1-type Zinc finger.

T-ag D1-type

Isoform 17kT antigen targets host RBL2 for degradation and promotes cell proliferation, Transactivates host cyclin A promoter through its J domain


This is Large T antigen protein, from BKPyV, contains 695 amino acids, has 1 T-ag D1-type Zinc finger.

T-ag D1-type

Isoform large T antigen is a key early protein essential for both driving viral replication and inducing cellular transformation, Plays a role in viral genome replication by driving entry of quiescent cells into the cell cycle and by autoregulating the synthesis of viral early mRNA, Displays highly oncogenic activities by corrupting the host cellular checkpoint mechanisms that guard cell division and the transcription, replication, and repair of DNA, Participates in the modulation of cellular gene expression preceeding viral DNA replication, This step involves binding to host key cell cycle regulators retinoblastoma protein RB1/pRb and TP53, Induces the disassembly of host E2F1 transcription factors from RB1, thus promoting transcriptional activation of E2F1-regulated S-phase genes, Inhibits host TP53 binding to DNA, abrogating the ability of TP53 to stimulate gene expression, Plays the role of a TFIID-associated factor (TAF) in transcription initiation for all three RNA polymerases, by stabilizing the TBP-TFIIA complex on promoters, Initiates viral DNA replication and unwinding via interactions with the viral origin of replication, Binds two adjacent sites in the SV40 origin, The replication fork movement is facilitated by Large T antigen helicase activity, Activates the transcription of viral late mRNA, through host TBP and TFIIA stabilization, Interferes with histone deacetylation mediated by HDAC1, leading to activation of transcription (By similarity)


This is Protein E6 protein, from Human papillomavirus type 16, contains 158 amino acids, has 2  Zinc finger.

Plays a major role in the induction and maintenance of cellular transformation, Acts mainly as an oncoprotein by stimulating the destruction of many host cell key regulatory proteins, E6 associates with host UBE3A/E6-AP ubiquitin-protein ligase, and inactivates tumor suppressors TP53 and TP73 by targeting them to the 26S proteasome for degradation, In turn, DNA damage and chromosomal instabilities increase and lead to cell proliferation and cancer development, The complex E6/E6AP targets several other substrates to degradation via the proteasome including host DLG1 or NFX1, a repressor of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), The resulting increased expression of hTERT prevents the shortening of telomere length leading to cell immortalization, Other cellular targets including BAK1, Fas-associated death domain-containing protein (FADD) and procaspase 8, are degraded by E6/E6AP causing inhibition of apoptosis, E6 also inhibits immune response by interacting with host IRF3 and TYK2, These interactions prevent IRF3 transcriptional activities and inhibit TYK2-mediated JAK-STAT activation by interferon alpha resulting in inhibition of the interferon signaling pathway

Belongs to the papillomaviridae E6 protein family


This is Protein E7 protein, from Human papillomavirus type 16, contains 98 amino acids, has 1  Zinc finger.

Plays a role in viral genome replication by driving entry of quiescent cells into the cell cycle, Stimulation of progression from G1 to S phase allows the virus to efficiently use the cellular DNA replicating machinery to achieve viral genome replication, E7 protein has both transforming and trans-activating activities, Induces the disassembly of the E2F1 transcription factor from RB1, with subsequent transcriptional activation of E2F1-regulated S-phase genes, Interferes with host histone deacetylation mediated by HDAC1 and HDAC2, leading to transcription activation, Also plays a role in the inhibition of both antiviral and antiproliferative functions of host interferon alpha, Interaction with host TMEM173/STING impairs the ability of TMEM173/STING to sense cytosolic DNA and promote the production of type I interferon (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta)

Belongs to the papillomaviridae E7 protein family


This is Early E1A protein protein, from HAdV-2, contains 289 amino acids, has 1  Zinc finger.

Plays a role in viral genome replication by driving entry of quiescent cells into the cell cycle, Stimulation of progression from G1 to S phase allows the virus to efficiently use the cellular DNA replicating machinery to achieve viral genome replication, E1A protein has both transforming and trans-activating activities, Induces the disassembly of the E2F1 transcription factor from RB1 by direct competition for the same binding site on RB1, with subsequent transcriptional activation of E2F1-regulated S-phase genes and of the E2 region of the adenoviral genome, Release of E2F1 leads to the ARF-mediated inhibition of MDM2 and causes TP53/p53 to accumulate because it is not targeted for degradation by MDM2-mediated ubiquitination anymore, This increase in TP53, in turn, would arrest the cell proliferation and direct its death but this effect is counteracted by the viral protein E1B-55K, Inactivation of the ability of RB1 to arrest the cell cycle is critical for cellular transformation, uncontrolled cellular growth and proliferation induced by viral infection, Interaction with RBX1 and CUL1 inhibits ubiquitination of the proteins targeted by SCF(FBXW7) ubiquitin ligase complex, and may be linked to unregulated host cell proliferation, The tumorigenesis-restraining activity of E1A may be related to the disruption of the host CtBP-CtIP complex through the CtBP binding motif, Interacts with host TBP protein; this interaction probably disrupts the TBP-TATA complex, Interaction with host TMEM173/STING impairs the ability of TMEM173/STING to sense cytosolic DNA and promote the production of type I interferon (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta), Promotes the sumoylation of host ZBED1/hDREF with SUMO1 (By similarity)

Belongs to the adenoviridae E1A protein family


This is Early E1A protein protein, from HAdV-5, contains 289 amino acids, has 1  Zinc finger.

Plays a role in viral genome replication by driving entry of quiescent cells into the cell cycle, Stimulation of progression from G1 to S phase allows the virus to efficiently use the cellular DNA replicating machinery to achieve viral genome replication, E1A protein has both transforming and trans-activating activities, Induces the disassembly of the E2F1 transcription factor from RB1 by direct competition for the same binding site on RB1, with subsequent transcriptional activation of E2F1-regulated S-phase genes and of the E2 region of the adenoviral genome, Release of E2F1 leads to the ARF-mediated inhibition of MDM2 and causes TP53/p53 to accumulate because it is not targeted for degradation by MDM2-mediated ubiquitination anymore, This increase in TP53, in turn, would arrest the cell proliferation and direct its death but this effect is counteracted by the viral protein E1B-55K, Inactivation of the ability of RB1 to arrest the cell cycle is critical for cellular transformation, uncontrolled cellular growth and proliferation induced by viral infection, Interaction with RBX1 and CUL1 inhibits ubiquitination of the proteins targeted by SCF(FBXW7) ubiquitin ligase complex, and may be linked to unregulated host cell proliferation, The tumorigenesis-restraining activity of E1A may be related to the disruption of the host CtBP-CtIP complex through the CtBP binding motif, Interaction with host TMEM173/STING impairs the ability of TMEM173/STING to sense cytosolic DNA and promote the production of type I interferon (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta) (PubMed:26405230), Promotes the sumoylation of host ZBED1/hDREF with SUMO1 (PubMed:25210186)


This is Early E1A protein protein, from HAdV-12, contains 266 amino acids, has 1  Zinc finger.

Plays a role in viral genome replication by driving entry of quiescent cells into the cell cycle, Stimulation of progression from G1 to S phase allows the virus to efficiently use the cellular DNA replicating machinery to achieve viral genome replication, E1A protein has both transforming and trans-activating activities, Induces the disassembly of the E2F1 transcription factor from RB1 by direct competition for the same binding site on RB1, with subsequent transcriptional activation of E2F1-regulated S-phase genes and of the E2 region of the adenoviral genome, Release of E2F1 leads to the ARF-mediated inhibition of MDM2 and causes TP53/p53 to accumulate because it is not targeted for degradation by MDM2-mediated ubiquitination anymore, This increase in TP53, in turn, would arrest the cell proliferation and direct its death but this effect is counteracted by the viral protein E1B-55K, Inactivation of the ability of RB1 to arrest the cell cycle is critical for cellular transformation, uncontrolled cellular growth and proliferation induced by viral infection, Interaction with RBX1 and CUL1 inhibits ubiquitination of the proteins targeted by SCF(FBXW7) ubiquitin ligase complex, and may be linked to unregulated host cell proliferation, The tumorigenesis-restraining activity of E1A may be related to the disruption of the host CtBP-CtIP complex through the CtBP binding motif, Interaction with host TMEM173/STING impairs the ability of TMEM173/STING to sense cytosolic DNA and promote the production of type I interferon (IFN-alpha and IFN-beta), Promotes the sumoylation of host ZBED1/hDREF with SUMO1 (By similarity)


This is Gag polyprotein protein, from RSV-Pr-C, contains 701 amino acids, has 2 CCHC-type Zinc finger.

CCHC-type

CCHC-type

Aspartyl protease that mediates proteolytic cleavages of Gag and Gag-Pol polyproteins during or shortly after the release of the virion from the plasma membrane, Cleavages take place as an ordered, step-wise cascade to yield mature proteins, This process is called maturation, Displays maximal activity during the budding process just prior to particle release from the cell


This is Gag polyprotein protein, from WMSV, contains 521 amino acids, has 1 CCHC-type Zinc finger.

CCHC-type

Involved in the packaging and encapsidation of two copies of the genome, Binds with high affinity to conserved elements within the packaging signal, located near the 5'-end of the genome, This binding is dependent on genome dimerization


This is Gag polyprotein protein, from MoMLV, contains 538 amino acids, has 1 CCHC-type Zinc finger.

CCHC-type

Involved in the packaging and encapsidation of two copies of the genome, Binds with high affinity to conserved UCUG elements within the packaging signal, located near the 5'-end of the genome, This binding is dependent on genome dimerization


This is Gag polyprotein protein, from MoMSV, contains 538 amino acids, has 1 CCHC-type Zinc finger.

CCHC-type


This is Gag polyprotein protein, from AKR (endogenous) murine leukemia virus, contains 537 amino acids, has 1 CCHC-type Zinc finger.

CCHC-type


This is Gag polyprotein protein, from Baboon endogenous virus (strain M7), contains 537 amino acids, has 1 CCHC-type Zinc finger.

CCHC-type


This is Gag polyprotein protein, from HTLV-1, contains 429 amino acids, has 2 CCHC-type Zinc finger.

CCHC-type

CCHC-type

Binds strongly to viral nucleic acids and promote their aggregation, Also destabilizes the nucleic acids duplexes via highly structured zinc-binding motifs


This is Gag polyprotein protein, from HTLV-2, contains 433 amino acids, has 2 CCHC-type Zinc finger.

CCHC-type

CCHC-type


This is Gag polyprotein protein, from HIV-1, contains 512 amino acids, has 2 CCHC-type Zinc finger.

CCHC-type

CCHC-type

Plays a role in budding of the assembled particle by interacting with the host class E VPS proteins TSG101 and PDCD6IP/AIP1

Belongs to the primate lentivirus group gag polyprotein family


CCHC-type

CCHC-type


This is Gag polyprotein protein, from HIV-1, contains 502 amino acids, has 2 CCHC-type Zinc finger.

CCHC-type

CCHC-type


This is Gag-Pro polyprotein protein, from HTLV-2, contains 602 amino acids, has 2 CCHC-type Zinc finger.

CCHC-type

CCHC-type

The aspartyl protease mediates proteolytic cleavages of Gag and Gag-Pol polyproteins during or shortly after the release of the virion from the plasma membrane, Cleavages take place as an ordered, step-wise cascade to yield mature proteins, This process is called maturation, Displays maximal activity during the budding process just prior to particle release from the cell (Potential), Cleaves the translation initiation factor eIF4G leading to the inhibition of host cap-dependent translation (By similarity)


This is Estrogen receptor protein, from Human, contains 595 amino acids, has 2 NR C4-type Zinc finger.

NR C4-type

NR C4-type

Involved in activation of NOS3 and endothelial nitric oxide production (PubMed:21937726), Isoforms lacking one or several functional domains are thought to modulate transcriptional activity by competitive ligand or DNA binding and/or heterodimerization with the full-length receptor (PubMed:10970861), Binds to ERE and inhibits isoform 1 (PubMed:10970861)


This is Protein Tax-1 protein, from HTLV-1, contains 353 amino acids, has 1  Zinc finger.

Transcriptional activator that governs the viral transcription from the 5'LTR via the recruitment of dimers of host phosphorylated CREB1, Together they bind cAMP response elements within the viral promoter and mediate high-level viral transcription (PubMed:8970957), Increases host CREB1 O-GlcNAcylation to further increase 5'LTR transactivation (PubMed:28742148), Modulates also the expression of cellular genes leading to the deregulation of T-cell proliferation, perturbing the integrity of cell cycle checkpoints, the DNA damage response and apopototic pathways, Acts as an ubiquitin E3 ligase and stimulates host IKK complex by catalyzing the assembly of free mixed-linkage polyubiquitin chains, resulting in constitutive activation of the transcription factor NF-kappa-B (PubMed:28103322, PubMed:27082114), Inhibits the host nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD), a cellular process that can actively degrade mRNAs by interacting with host UPF1 (PubMed:27082114)

Belongs to the deltaretrovirus Tax protein family


This is Protein Tax-2 protein, from HTLV-2, contains 331 amino acids, has 1  Zinc finger.

Transcriptional activator that activates both the viral long terminal repeat (LTR) and cellular promoters via activation of CREB, NF-kappa-B, SRF and AP-1 pathways, Binds to three 21 bp repeat elements located within the LTRs, referred to as Tax-responsive elements (TRE), Binding to TRE requires the interaction with CREB1 and CREBBP, Induces T-cell transformation, although much less efficiently than HTLV-1, Required for viral replication (By similarity)


This is Transcriptional activator protein protein, from TGMV, contains 129 amino acids, has 1  Zinc finger.

Strong activator of the late viral genes promoters, Enhances the expression of the capsid protein and nuclear shuttle protein, Acts as a suppressor of RNA-mediated gene silencing, also known as post-transcriptional gene silencing (PTGS), a mechanism of plant viral defense that limits the accumulation of viral RNAs, Suppresses the host RNA silencing by inhibiting adenosine kinase (ADK), a kinase involved in a general methylation pathway, Also suppresses the host basal defense by interacting with and inhibiting SNF1 kinase, a key regulator of cell metabolism implicated in innate antiviral defense, Determines pathogenicity

Belongs to the geminiviridae transcriptional activator protein family


This is Replication-associated protein A protein, from Isolate Sanger, contains 513 amino acids, has 1  Zinc finger.

The A* protein binds to double-stranded DNA and prevents hydrolysis by nucleases, Additionally, A* is an inhibitor of DNA replication and may have a role in the transition from semiconservative replicative form DNA replication to single-stranded DNA synthesis in the life cycle

Belongs to the microviridae Rep protein family


This is DNA helicase/primase protein, from Bacteriophage T7, contains 566 amino acids, has 1 C4-like; zinc ribbon fold Zinc finger.

C4-like; zinc ribbon fold

ATP-dependent DNA helicase and primase essential for viral DNA replication and recombination (PubMed:21606333, PubMed:22977246, PubMed:32009150), The helicase moves 5' -> 3' on the lagging strand template, unwinding the DNA duplex ahead of the leading strand polymerase at the replication fork and generating ssDNA for both leading and lagging strand synthesis (PubMed:21606333, PubMed:22977246, PubMed:32009150), ATP or dTTP hydrolysis propels each helicase domain to translocate 2 nt per step sequentially along DNA (PubMed:30679383, PubMed:17604719), Mediates strand transfer when a joint molecule is available and participates in recombinational DNA repair through its role in strand exchange (PubMed:9096333, PubMed:8617248), Primase activity synthesizes short RNA primers at the sequence 5'-GTC-3' on the lagging strand that the polymerase elongates using dNTPs and providing the primase is still present (PubMed:6454135, PubMed:9139692)

Belongs to the Teseptimavirus DNA helicase/primase family


This is H-2 class I histocompatibility antigen, K-W28 alpha chain protein, from Mouse, contains 368 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like C1-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C1-type

Involved in the presentation of foreign antigens to the immune system


This is Hyaluronan and proteoglycan link protein 1 protein, from Rat, contains 354 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like V-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like V-type

Stabilizes the aggregates of proteoglycan monomers with hyaluronic acid in the extracellular cartilage matrix

Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix


This is Gag polyprotein protein, from Simian retrovirus SRV-1, contains 658 amino acids, has 2 CCHC-type Zinc finger.

CCHC-type

CCHC-type


This is Gag-Pro polyprotein protein, from Simian retrovirus SRV-1, contains 912 amino acids, has 1 CCHC-type Zinc finger.

CCHC-type

Enhances the activity of the reverse transcriptase, May be part of the mature RT


This is RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase protein, from Human, contains 648 amino acids, has 1 Phorbol-ester/DAG-type Zinc finger.

Phorbol-ester/DAG-type

Serine/threonine-protein kinase that acts as a regulatory link between the membrane-associated Ras GTPases and the MAPK/ERK cascade, and this critical regulatory link functions as a switch determining cell fate decisions including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, survival and oncogenic transformation, RAF1 activation initiates a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade that comprises a sequential phosphorylation of the dual-specific MAPK kinases (MAP2K1/MEK1 and MAP2K2/MEK2) and the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (MAPK3/ERK1 and MAPK1/ERK2), The phosphorylated form of RAF1 (on residues Ser-338 and Ser-339, by PAK1) phosphorylates BAD/Bcl2-antagonist of cell death at 'Ser-75', Phosphorylates adenylyl cyclases: ADCY2, ADCY5 and ADCY6, resulting in their activation, Phosphorylates PPP1R12A resulting in inhibition of the phosphatase activity, Phosphorylates TNNT2/cardiac muscle troponin T, Can promote NF-kB activation and inhibit signal transducers involved in motility (ROCK2), apoptosis (MAP3K5/ASK1 and STK3/MST2), proliferation and angiogenesis (RB1), Can protect cells from apoptosis also by translocating to the mitochondria where it binds BCL2 and displaces BAD/Bcl2-antagonist of cell death, Regulates Rho signaling and migration, and is required for normal wound healing, Plays a role in the oncogenic transformation of epithelial cells via repression of the TJ protein, occludin (OCLN) by inducing the up-regulation of a transcriptional repressor SNAI2/SLUG, which induces down-regulation of OCLN, Restricts caspase activation in response to selected stimuli, notably Fas stimulation, pathogen-mediated macrophage apoptosis, and erythroid differentiation

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily, TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family, RAF subfamily


This is Glucocorticoid receptor protein, from Human, contains 777 amino acids, has 2 NR C4-type Zinc finger.

NR C4-type

NR C4-type

Has lowest transcriptional activation activity of all isoforms created by alternative initiation (PubMed:15866175, PubMed:23820903), Has transcriptional repression activity (PubMed:23303127)


This is Thy-1 membrane glycoprotein protein, from Human, contains 161 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like V-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like V-type

May play a role in cell-cell or cell-ligand interactions during synaptogenesis and other events in the brain


This is Alpha-1B-glycoprotein protein, from Human, contains 495 amino acids, has 5 Ig-like V-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like V-type

Ig-like V-type

Ig-like V-type

Ig-like V-type

Ig-like V-type


This is OX-2 membrane glycoprotein protein, from Rat, contains 278 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like V-type Immunoglobulin domain, has 1 Ig-like C2-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like V-type

Ig-like C2-type

Costimulates T-cell proliferation, May regulate myeloid cell activity in a variety of tissues


This is H-2 class I histocompatibility antigen, K-K alpha chain protein, from Mouse, contains 369 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like C1-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C1-type


This is H-2 class II histocompatibility antigen, A-Q alpha chain protein, from Mouse, contains 221 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like C1-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C1-type


This is H-2 class II histocompatibility antigen, A-D alpha chain protein, from Mouse, contains 256 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like C1-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C1-type


This is H-2 class II histocompatibility antigen, E-B beta chain protein, from Mouse, contains 264 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like C1-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C1-type


This is Protein kinase C alpha type protein, from Bovine, contains 672 amino acids, has 2 Phorbol-ester/DAG-type Zinc finger.

Phorbol-ester/DAG-type

Phorbol-ester/DAG-type

Calcium-activated, phospholipid- and diacylglycerol (DAG)-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase that is involved in positive and negative regulation of cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, migration and adhesion, cardiac hypertrophy, angiogenesis, platelet function and inflammation, by directly phosphorylating targets such as RAF1, BCL2, CSPG4, TNNT2/CTNT, or activating signaling cascades involving MAPK1/3 (ERK1/2) and RAP1GAP, Depending on the cell type, is involved in cell proliferation and cell growth arrest by positive and negative regulation of the cell cycle, Can promote cell growth by phosphorylating and activating RAF1, which mediates the activation of the MAPK/ERK signaling cascade, and/or by up-regulating CDKN1A, which facilitates active cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) complex formation, In cells stimulated by the phorbol ester PMA, can trigger a cell cycle arrest program which is associated with the accumulation of the hyper-phosphorylated growth-suppressive form of RB1 and induction of the CDK inhibitors CDKN1A and CDKN1B, Depending on the cell type, exhibits anti-apoptotic function and protects cells from apoptosis by suppressing the p53/TP53-mediated activation of IGFBP3, or mediates anti-apoptotic action by phosphorylating BCL2, During macrophage differentiation induced by macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF1), is translocated to the nucleus and is associated with macrophage development, After wounding, translocates from focal contacts to lamellipodia and participates in the modulation of desmosomal adhesion, Plays a role in cell motility by phosphorylating CSPG4, which induces association of CSPG4 with extensive lamellipodia at the cell periphery and polarization of the cell accompanied by increases in cell motility, During chemokine-induced CD4(+) T cell migration, phosphorylates CDC42-guanine exchange factor DOCK8 resulting in its dissociation from LRCH1 and the activation of GTPase CDC42, Negatively regulates myocardial contractility and positively regulates angiogenesis, platelet aggregation and thrombus formation in arteries, Mediates hypertrophic growth of neonatal cardiomyocytes, in part through a MAPK1/3 (ERK1/2)-dependent signaling pathway, and upon PMA treatment, is required to induce cardiomyocyte hypertrophy up to heart failure and death, by increasing protein synthesis, protein-DNA ratio and cell surface area, Regulates cardiomyocyte function by phosphorylating cardiac troponin T (TNNT2/CTNT), which induces significant reduction in actomyosin ATPase activity, myofilament calcium sensitivity and myocardial contractility, In angiogenesis, is required for full endothelial cell migration, adhesion to vitronectin (VTN), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA)-dependent regulation of kinase activation and vascular tube formation, Involved in the stabilization of VEGFA mRNA at post-transcriptional level and mediates VEGFA-induced cell proliferation, In the regulation of calcium-induced platelet aggregation, mediates signals from the CD36/GP4 receptor for granule release, and activates the integrin heterodimer ITGA2B-ITGB3 through the RAP1GAP pathway for adhesion, During response to lipopolysaccharides (LPS), may regulate selective LPS-induced macrophage functions involved in host defense and inflammation, But in some inflammatory responses, may negatively regulate NF-kappa-B-induced genes, through IL1A-dependent induction of NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha (NFKBIA/IKBA), Upon stimulation with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), phosphorylates EIF4G1, which modulates EIF4G1 binding to MKNK1 and may be involved in the regulation of EIF4E phosphorylation, Phosphorylates KIT, leading to inhibition of KIT activity, Phosphorylates ATF2 which promotes cooperation between ATF2 and JUN, activating transcription (By similarity), Phosphorylates SOCS2 at 'Ser-52' facilitating its ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation (By similarity)

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily, AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family, PKC subfamily


This is HLA class I histocompatibility antigen, A alpha chain protein, from Human, contains 365 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like C1-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C1-type

Allele A*74:01: Presents immunodominant HIV-1 epitopes derived from gag-pol (GQMVHQAISPR, QIYPGIKVR) and rev (RQIHSISER), carrying an aliphatic residue at position 2 and Arg anchor residue at the C-terminus, May contribute to viral load control in chronic HIV-1 infection


This is HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DP beta 1 chain protein, from Human, contains 258 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like C1-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C1-type

Binds peptides derived from antigens that access the endocytic route of antigen presenting cells (APC) and presents them on the cell surface for recognition by the CD4 T-cells, The peptide binding cleft accommodates peptides of 10-30 residues, The peptides presented by MHC class II molecules are generated mostly by degradation of proteins that access the endocytic route, where they are processed by lysosomal proteases and other hydrolases, Exogenous antigens that have been endocytosed by the APC are thus readily available for presentation via MHC II molecules, and for this reason this antigen presentation pathway is usually referred to as exogenous, As membrane proteins on their way to degradation in lysosomes as part of their normal turn-over are also contained in the endosomal/lysosomal compartments, exogenous antigens must compete with those derived from endogenous components, Autophagy is also a source of endogenous peptides, autophagosomes constitutively fuse with MHC class II loading compartments, In addition to APCs, other cells of the gastrointestinal tract, such as epithelial cells, express MHC class II molecules and CD74 and act as APCs, which is an unusual trait of the GI tract, To produce a MHC class II molecule that presents an antigen, three MHC class II molecules (heterodimers of an alpha and a beta chain) associate with a CD74 trimer in the ER to form a heterononamer, Soon after the entry of this complex into the endosomal/lysosomal system where antigen processing occurs, CD74 undergoes a sequential degradation by various proteases, including CTSS and CTSL, leaving a small fragment termed CLIP (class-II-associated invariant chain peptide), The removal of CLIP is facilitated by HLA-DM via direct binding to the alpha-beta-CLIP complex so that CLIP is released, HLA-DM stabilizes MHC class II molecules until primary high affinity antigenic peptides are bound, The MHC II molecule bound to a peptide is then transported to the cell membrane surface, In B-cells, the interaction between HLA-DM and MHC class II molecules is regulated by HLA-DO, Primary dendritic cells (DCs) also to express HLA-DO, Lysosomal microenvironment has been implicated in the regulation of antigen loading into MHC II molecules, increased acidification produces increased proteolysis and efficient peptide loading


This is Protein M2-1 protein, from Human respiratory syncytial virus A (strain A2), contains 194 amino acids, has 1 C3H1-type Zinc finger.

Acts as a tetrameric transcription processivity factor that binds in a competitive manner to RNA and the phosphoprotein (P) to prevent premature termination during transcription (PubMed:19386701, PubMed:22675274), Transcription anti-terminator that enhances readthrough of intergenic junctions during viral transcription (PubMed:10364337, PubMed:27194388, PubMed:8552680, PubMed:9420254), Preferentially binds to poly(A)-rich sequences (PubMed:24434552), Plays a role in the association of the matrix protein with the nucleocapsid, which initiates assembly and budding (PubMed:18579594), Also, can activate host NF-kappa-B through association with host RELA (PubMed:15629770)

Belongs to the pneumoviridae M2-1 protein family


This is Gag polyprotein protein, from HIV-2, contains 522 amino acids, has 2 CCHC-type Zinc finger.

CCHC-type

CCHC-type

Plays a role in budding of the assembled particle by interacting with the host class E VPS proteins TSG101 and PDCD6IP/AIP1


This is Gag polyprotein protein, from HIV-1, contains 500 amino acids, has 2 CCHC-type Zinc finger.

CCHC-type

CCHC-type


CCHC-type

CCHC-type


This is Gag polyprotein protein, from HIV-1, contains 512 amino acids, has 2 CCHC-type Zinc finger.

CCHC-type

CCHC-type


This is Gag polyprotein protein, from HIV-1, contains 505 amino acids, has 2 CCHC-type Zinc finger.

CCHC-type

CCHC-type


This is Thyroid hormone receptor alpha protein, from Chicken, contains 408 amino acids, has 2 NR C4-type Zinc finger.

NR C4-type

NR C4-type

Nuclear hormone receptor that can act as a repressor or activator of transcription, High affinity receptor for thyroid hormones, including triiodothyronine and thyroxine


This is Serine/threonine-protein kinase A-Raf protein, from Mouse, contains 604 amino acids, has 1 Phorbol-ester/DAG-type Zinc finger.

Phorbol-ester/DAG-type

Involved in the transduction of mitogenic signals from the cell membrane to the nucleus, May also regulate the TOR signaling cascade (By similarity), Phosphorylates PFKFB2 (By similarity)


This is High affinity nerve growth factor receptor protein, from Human, contains 796 amino acids, has 2 Ig-like C2-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C2-type

Ig-like C2-type

Resistant to NGF, it constitutively activates AKT1 and NF-kappa-B and is unable to activate the Ras-MAPK signaling cascade, Antagonizes the anti-proliferative NGF-NTRK1 signaling that promotes neuronal precursors differentiation, Isoform TrkA-III promotes angiogenesis and has oncogenic activity when overexpressed

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily, Tyr protein kinase family, Insulin receptor subfamily


This is Protein hunchback protein, from Fruit fly, contains 758 amino acids, has 6 C2H2-type Zinc finger.

Gap class segmentation protein that controls development of head structures

Belongs to the hunchback C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family


This is Protein kinase C beta type protein, from Bovine, contains 671 amino acids, has 2 Phorbol-ester/DAG-type Zinc finger.

Phorbol-ester/DAG-type

Phorbol-ester/DAG-type

Calcium-activated, phospholipid- and diacylglycerol (DAG)-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in various cellular processes such as regulation of the B-cell receptor (BCR) signalosome, oxidative stress-induced apoptosis, androgen receptor-dependent transcription regulation, insulin signaling and endothelial cells proliferation, Plays a key role in B-cell activation by regulating BCR-induced NF-kappa-B activation, Mediates the activation of the canonical NF-kappa-B pathway (NFKB1) by direct phosphorylation of CARD11/CARMA1 at 'Ser-559', 'Ser-644' and 'Ser-652', Phosphorylation induces CARD11/CARMA1 association with lipid rafts and recruitment of the BCL10-MALT1 complex as well as MAP3K7/TAK1, which then activates IKK complex, resulting in nuclear translocation and activation of NFKB1, Plays a direct role in the negative feedback regulation of the BCR signaling, by down-modulating BTK function via direct phosphorylation of BTK at 'Ser-180', which results in the alteration of BTK plasma membrane localization and in turn inhibition of BTK activity, Involved in apoptosis following oxidative damage: in case of oxidative conditions, specifically phosphorylates 'Ser-36' of isoform p66Shc of SHC1, leading to mitochondrial accumulation of p66Shc, where p66Shc acts as a reactive oxygen species producer, Acts as a coactivator of androgen receptor (ANDR)-dependent transcription, by being recruited to ANDR target genes and specifically mediating phosphorylation of 'Thr-6' of histone H3 (H3T6ph), a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation that prevents demethylation of histone H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me) by LSD1/KDM1A, In insulin signaling, may function downstream of IRS1 in muscle cells and mediate insulin-dependent DNA synthesis through the RAF1-MAPK/ERK signaling cascade, Participates in the regulation of glucose transport in adipocytes by negatively modulating the insulin-stimulated translocation of the glucose transporter SLC2A4/GLUT4, Phosphorylates SLC2A1/GLUT1, promoting glucose uptake by SLC2A1/GLUT1, Under high glucose in pancreatic beta-cells, is probably involved in the inhibition of the insulin gene transcription, via regulation of MYC expression, In endothelial cells, activation of PRKCB induces increased phosphorylation of RB1, increased VEGFA-induced cell proliferation, and inhibits PI3K/AKT-dependent nitric oxide synthase (NOS3/eNOS) regulation by insulin, which causes endothelial dysfunction, Also involved in triglyceride homeostasis, Phosphorylates ATF2 which promotes cooperation between ATF2 and JUN, activating transcription (By similarity)


This is Protein kinase C gamma type protein, from Bovine, contains 682 amino acids, has 2 Phorbol-ester/DAG-type Zinc finger.

Phorbol-ester/DAG-type

Phorbol-ester/DAG-type

Calcium-activated, phospholipid- and diacylglycerol (DAG)-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase that plays diverse roles in neuronal cells and eye tissues, such as regulation of the neuronal receptors GRIA4/GLUR4 and GRIN1/NMDAR1, modulation of receptors and neuronal functions related to sensitivity to opiates, pain and alcohol, mediation of synaptic function and cell survival after ischemia, and inhibition of gap junction activity after oxidative stress, Binds and phosphorylates GRIA4/GLUR4 glutamate receptor and regulates its function by increasing plasma membrane-associated GRIA4 expression, In primary cerebellar neurons treated with the agonist 3,5-dihyidroxyphenylglycine, functions downstream of the metabotropic glutamate receptor GRM5/MGLUR5 and phosphorylates GRIN1/NMDAR1 receptor which plays a key role in synaptic plasticity, synaptogenesis, excitotoxicity, memory acquisition and learning, May be involved in the regulation of hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), but may be not necessary for the process of synaptic plasticity, May be involved in desensitization of mu-type opioid receptor-mediated G-protein activation in the spinal cord, and may be critical for the development and/or maintenance of morphine-induced reinforcing effects in the limbic forebrain, May modulate the functionality of mu-type-opioid receptors by participating in a signaling pathway which leads to the phosphorylation and degradation of opioid receptors, May also contributes to chronic morphine-induced changes in nociceptive processing, Plays a role in neuropathic pain mechanisms and contributes to the maintenance of the allodynia pain produced by peripheral inflammation, Plays an important role in initial sensitivity and tolerance to ethanol, by mediating the behavioral effects of ethanol as well as the effects of this drug on the GABA(A) receptors, During and after cerebral ischemia modulate neurotransmission and cell survival in synaptic membranes, and is involved in insulin-induced inhibition of necrosis, an important mechanism for minimizing ischemic injury, Required for the elimination of multiple climbing fibers during innervation of Purkinje cells in developing cerebellum, Is activated in lens epithelial cells upon hydrogen peroxide treatment, and phosphorylates connexin-43 (GJA1/CX43), resulting in disassembly of GJA1 gap junction plaques and inhibition of gap junction activity which could provide a protective effect against oxidative stress, Phosphorylates p53/TP53 and promotes p53/TP53-dependent apoptosis in response to DNA damage, Involved in the phase resetting of the cerebral cortex circadian clock during temporally restricted feeding, Stabilizes the core clock component BMAL1 by interfering with its ubiquitination, thus suppressing its degradation, resulting in phase resetting of the cerebral cortex clock


This is Protein kinase C gamma type protein, from Human, contains 697 amino acids, has 2 Phorbol-ester/DAG-type Zinc finger.

Phorbol-ester/DAG-type

Phorbol-ester/DAG-type

Calcium-activated, phospholipid- and diacylglycerol (DAG)-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase that plays diverse roles in neuronal cells and eye tissues, such as regulation of the neuronal receptors GRIA4/GLUR4 and GRIN1/NMDAR1, modulation of receptors and neuronal functions related to sensitivity to opiates, pain and alcohol, mediation of synaptic function and cell survival after ischemia, and inhibition of gap junction activity after oxidative stress, Binds and phosphorylates GRIA4/GLUR4 glutamate receptor and regulates its function by increasing plasma membrane-associated GRIA4 expression, In primary cerebellar neurons treated with the agonist 3,5-dihyidroxyphenylglycine, functions downstream of the metabotropic glutamate receptor GRM5/MGLUR5 and phosphorylates GRIN1/NMDAR1 receptor which plays a key role in synaptic plasticity, synaptogenesis, excitotoxicity, memory acquisition and learning, May be involved in the regulation of hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), but may be not necessary for the process of synaptic plasticity, May be involved in desensitization of mu-type opioid receptor-mediated G-protein activation in the spinal cord, and may be critical for the development and/or maintenance of morphine-induced reinforcing effects in the limbic forebrain, May modulate the functionality of mu-type-opioid receptors by participating in a signaling pathway which leads to the phosphorylation and degradation of opioid receptors, May also contributes to chronic morphine-induced changes in nociceptive processing, Plays a role in neuropathic pain mechanisms and contributes to the maintenance of the allodynia pain produced by peripheral inflammation, Plays an important role in initial sensitivity and tolerance to ethanol, by mediating the behavioral effects of ethanol as well as the effects of this drug on the GABA(A) receptors, During and after cerebral ischemia modulate neurotransmission and cell survival in synaptic membranes, and is involved in insulin-induced inhibition of necrosis, an important mechanism for minimizing ischemic injury, Required for the elimination of multiple climbing fibers during innervation of Purkinje cells in developing cerebellum, Is activated in lens epithelial cells upon hydrogen peroxide treatment, and phosphorylates connexin-43 (GJA1/CX43), resulting in disassembly of GJA1 gap junction plaques and inhibition of gap junction activity which could provide a protective effect against oxidative stress (By similarity), Phosphorylates p53/TP53 and promotes p53/TP53-dependent apoptosis in response to DNA damage, Involved in the phase resetting of the cerebral cortex circadian clock during temporally restricted feeding, Stabilizes the core clock component BMAL1 by interfering with its ubiquitination, thus suppressing its degradation, resulting in phase resetting of the cerebral cortex clock (By similarity)


This is Protein kinase C, brain isozyme protein, from Fruit fly, contains 679 amino acids, has 2 Phorbol-ester/DAG-type Zinc finger.

Phorbol-ester/DAG-type

Phorbol-ester/DAG-type

PKC is activated by diacylglycerol which in turn phosphorylates a range of cellular proteins (By similarity), PKC also serves as the receptor for phorbol esters, a class of tumor promoters (By similarity), Acts in a hh-signaling pathway which regulates the Duox-dependent gut immune response to bacterial uracil; required for the activation of Cad99C and consequently Cad99C-dependent endosome formation, which is essential for the Duox-dependent production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to intestinal bacterial infection (PubMed:25639794)


This is Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 protein, from Human, contains 532 amino acids, has 5 Ig-like C2-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C2-type

Ig-like C2-type

Ig-like C2-type

Ig-like C2-type

Ig-like C2-type

(Microbial infection) Upon Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus/HHV-8 infection, is degraded by viral E3 ubiquitin ligase MIR2, presumably to prevent lysis of infected cells by cytotoxic T-lymphocytes and NK cell

Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily, ICAM family


This is Formamidopyrimidine-DNA glycosylase protein, from Escherichia coli (strain K12), contains 269 amino acids, has 1 FPG-type Zinc finger.

FPG-type

Involved in base excision repair of DNA damaged by oxidation or by mutagenic agents, Acts as DNA glycosylase that recognizes and removes damaged bases, Has a preference for oxidized purines, such as 7,8-dihydro-8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG) and its derivatives such as guanidinohydantoin:C and spiroiminodihydantoin:C, however it also acts on thymine glycol:G, 5,6-dihydrouracil:G and 5-hydroxyuracil:G, Has AP (apurinic/apyrimidinic) lyase activity and introduces nicks in the DNA strand, Cleaves the DNA backbone by beta-delta elimination to generate a single-strand break at the site of the removed base with both 3'- and 5'-phosphates, Cleaves ssDNA containing an AP site


This is Mast/stem cell growth factor receptor Kit protein, from Mouse, contains 979 amino acids, has 5 Ig-like C2-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C2-type

Ig-like C2-type

Ig-like C2-type

Ig-like C2-type

Ig-like C2-type

Tyrosine-protein kinase that acts as cell-surface receptor for the cytokine KITLG/SCF and plays an essential role in the regulation of cell survival and proliferation, hematopoiesis, stem cell maintenance, gametogenesis, mast cell development, migration and function, and in melanogenesis, In response to KITLG/SCF binding, KIT can activate several signaling pathways, Phosphorylates PIK3R1, PLCG1, SH2B2/APS and CBL, Activates the AKT1 signaling pathway by phosphorylation of PIK3R1, the regulatory subunit of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, Activated KIT also transmits signals via GRB2 and activation of RAS, RAF1 and the MAP kinases MAPK1/ERK2 and/or MAPK3/ERK1, Promotes activation of STAT family members STAT1, STAT3, STAT5A and STAT5B, Activation of PLCG1 leads to the production of the cellular signaling molecules diacylglycerol and inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, KIT signaling is modulated by protein phosphatases, and by rapid internalization and degradation of the receptor, Activated KIT promotes phosphorylation of the protein phosphatases PTPN6/SHP-1 and PTPRU, and of the transcription factors STAT1, STAT3, STAT5A and STAT5B, Promotes phosphorylation of PIK3R1, CBL, CRK (isoform Crk-II), LYN, MAPK1/ERK2 and/or MAPK3/ERK1, PLCG1, SRC and SHC1


This is HLA class II histocompatibility antigen, DQ beta 2 chain protein, from Human, contains 268 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like C1-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C1-type


This is T-cell surface glycoprotein CD4 protein, from Rat, contains 457 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like V-type Immunoglobulin domain, has 3 Ig-like C2-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like V-type

Ig-like C2-type

Ig-like C2-type

Ig-like C2-type

Integral membrane glycoprotein that plays an essential role in the immune response and serves multiple functions in responses against both external and internal offenses, In T-cells, functions primarily as a coreceptor for MHC class II molecule:peptide complex, The antigens presented by class II peptides are derived from extracellular proteins while class I peptides are derived from cytosolic proteins, Interacts simultaneously with the T-cell receptor (TCR) and the MHC class II presented by antigen presenting cells (APCs), In turn, recruits the Src kinase LCK to the vicinity of the TCR-CD3 complex, LCK then initiates different intracellular signaling pathways by phosphorylating various substrates ultimately leading to lymphokine production, motility, adhesion and activation of T-helper cells, In other cells such as macrophages or NK cells, plays a role in differentiation/activation, cytokine expression and cell migration in a TCR/LCK-independent pathway, Participates in the development of T-helper cells in the thymus and triggers the differentiation of monocytes into functional mature macrophages


This is RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase protein, from Chicken, contains 647 amino acids, has 1 Phorbol-ester/DAG-type Zinc finger.

Phorbol-ester/DAG-type

Serine/threonine-protein kinase that acts as a regulatory link between the membrane-associated Ras GTPases and the MAPK/ERK cascade, and this critical regulatory link functions as a switch determining cell fate decisions, RAF1 activation initiates a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade that comprises a sequential phosphorylation of the dual-specific MAPK kinases (MAP2K1/MEK1 and MAP2K2/MEK2) and the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (MAPK3/ERK1 and MAPK1/ERK2) (By similarity)


This is Protein kinase C alpha type protein, from Rat, contains 672 amino acids, has 2 Phorbol-ester/DAG-type Zinc finger.

Phorbol-ester/DAG-type

Phorbol-ester/DAG-type

Calcium-activated, phospholipid- and diacylglycerol (DAG)-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase that is involved in positive and negative regulation of cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, migration and adhesion, cardiac hypertrophy, angiogenesis, platelet function and inflammation, by directly phosphorylating targets such as RAF1, BCL2, CSPG4, TNNT2/CTNT, or activating signaling cascades involving MAPK1/3 (ERK1/2) and RAP1GAP, Depending on the cell type, is involved in cell proliferation and cell growth arrest by positive and negative regulation of the cell cycle, Can promote cell growth by phosphorylating and activating RAF1, which mediates the activation of the MAPK/ERK signaling cascade, and/or by up-regulating CDKN1A, which facilitates active cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) complex formation, In cells stimulated by the phorbol ester PMA, can trigger a cell cycle arrest program which is associated with the accumulation of the hyper-phosphorylated growth-suppressive form of RB1 and induction of the CDK inhibitors CDKN1A and CDKN1B, Depending on the cell type, exhibits anti-apoptotic function and protects cells from apoptosis by suppressing the p53/TP53-mediated activation of IGFBP3, or mediates anti-apoptotic action by phosphorylating BCL2, During macrophage differentiation induced by macrophage colony-stimulating factor (CSF1), is translocated to the nucleus and is associated with macrophage development, After wounding, translocates from focal contacts to lamellipodia and participates in the modulation of desmosomal adhesion, Plays a role in cell motility by phosphorylating CSPG4, which induces association of CSPG4 with extensive lamellipodia at the cell periphery and polarization of the cell accompanied by increases in cell motility, During chemokine-induced CD4(+) T cell migration, phosphorylates CDC42-guanine exchange factor DOCK8 resulting in its dissociation from LRCH1 and the activation of GTPase CDC42 (By similarity), Negatively regulates myocardial contractility and positively regulates angiogenesis, platelet aggregation and thrombus formation in arteries, Mediates hypertrophic growth of neonatal cardiomyocytes, in part through a MAPK1/3 (ERK1/2)-dependent signaling pathway, and upon PMA treatment, is required to induce cardiomyocyte hypertrophy up to heart failure and death, by increasing protein synthesis, protein-DNA ratio and cell surface area, Regulates cardiomyocyte function by phosphorylating cardiac troponin T (TNNT2/CTNT), which induces significant reduction in actomyosin ATPase activity, myofilament calcium sensitivity and myocardial contractility, In angiogenesis, is required for full endothelial cell migration, adhesion to vitronectin (VTN), and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA)-dependent regulation of kinase activation and vascular tube formation, Involved in the stabilization of VEGFA mRNA at post-transcriptional level and mediates VEGFA-induced cell proliferation, In the regulation of calcium-induced platelet aggregation, mediates signals from the CD36/GP4 receptor for granule release, and activates the integrin heterodimer ITGA2B-ITGB3 through the RAP1GAP pathway for adhesion, During response to lipopolysaccharides (LPS), may regulate selective LPS-induced macrophage functions involved in host defense and inflammation, But in some inflammatory responses, may negatively regulate NF-kappa-B-induced genes, through IL1A-dependent induction of NF-kappa-B inhibitor alpha (NFKBIA/IKBA), Upon stimulation with 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA), phosphorylates EIF4G1, which modulates EIF4G1 binding to MKNK1 and may be involved in the regulation of EIF4E phosphorylation, Phosphorylates KIT, leading to inhibition of KIT activity, Phosphorylates ATF2 which promotes cooperation between ATF2 and JUN, activating transcription (By similarity), Phosphorylates SOCS2 at 'Ser-52' facilitating its ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation (By similarity)


This is Ubiquitin-ribosomal protein eS31 fusion protein protein, from Baker's yeast, contains 152 amino acids, has 1 C4-type Zinc finger.

Component of the ribosome, a large ribonucleoprotein complex responsible for the synthesis of proteins in the cell, The small ribosomal subunit (SSU) binds messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and translates the encoded message by selecting cognate aminoacyl-transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules, The large subunit (LSU) contains the ribosomal catalytic site termed the peptidyl transferase center (PTC), which catalyzes the formation of peptide bonds, thereby polymerizing the amino acids delivered by tRNAs into a polypeptide chain, The nascent polypeptides leave the ribosome through a tunnel in the LSU and interact with protein factors that function in enzymatic processing, targeting, and the membrane insertion of nascent chains at the exit of the ribosomal tunnel

In the C-terminal section; belongs to the eukaryotic ribosomal protein eS31 family


This is Protein kinase C beta type protein, from Human, contains 671 amino acids, has 2 Phorbol-ester/DAG-type Zinc finger.

Phorbol-ester/DAG-type

Phorbol-ester/DAG-type

Calcium-activated, phospholipid- and diacylglycerol (DAG)-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in various cellular processes such as regulation of the B-cell receptor (BCR) signalosome, oxidative stress-induced apoptosis, androgen receptor-dependent transcription regulation, insulin signaling and endothelial cells proliferation, Plays a key role in B-cell activation by regulating BCR-induced NF-kappa-B activation, Mediates the activation of the canonical NF-kappa-B pathway (NFKB1) by direct phosphorylation of CARD11/CARMA1 at 'Ser-559', 'Ser-644' and 'Ser-652', Phosphorylation induces CARD11/CARMA1 association with lipid rafts and recruitment of the BCL10-MALT1 complex as well as MAP3K7/TAK1, which then activates IKK complex, resulting in nuclear translocation and activation of NFKB1, Plays a direct role in the negative feedback regulation of the BCR signaling, by down-modulating BTK function via direct phosphorylation of BTK at 'Ser-180', which results in the alteration of BTK plasma membrane localization and in turn inhibition of BTK activity (PubMed:11598012), Involved in apoptosis following oxidative damage: in case of oxidative conditions, specifically phosphorylates 'Ser-36' of isoform p66Shc of SHC1, leading to mitochondrial accumulation of p66Shc, where p66Shc acts as a reactive oxygen species producer, Acts as a coactivator of androgen receptor (AR)-dependent transcription, by being recruited to AR target genes and specifically mediating phosphorylation of 'Thr-6' of histone H3 (H3T6ph), a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation that prevents demethylation of histone H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me) by LSD1/KDM1A (PubMed:20228790), In insulin signaling, may function downstream of IRS1 in muscle cells and mediate insulin-dependent DNA synthesis through the RAF1-MAPK/ERK signaling cascade, Participates in the regulation of glucose transport in adipocytes by negatively modulating the insulin-stimulated translocation of the glucose transporter SLC2A4/GLUT4, Phosphorylates SLC2A1/GLUT1, promoting glucose uptake by SLC2A1/GLUT1 (PubMed:25982116), Under high glucose in pancreatic beta-cells, is probably involved in the inhibition of the insulin gene transcription, via regulation of MYC expression, In endothelial cells, activation of PRKCB induces increased phosphorylation of RB1, increased VEGFA-induced cell proliferation, and inhibits PI3K/AKT-dependent nitric oxide synthase (NOS3/eNOS) regulation by insulin, which causes endothelial dysfunction, Also involved in triglyceride homeostasis (By similarity), Phosphorylates ATF2 which promotes cooperation between ATF2 and JUN, activating transcription (PubMed:19176525)


This is Protein kinase C beta type protein, from Rabbit, contains 671 amino acids, has 2 Phorbol-ester/DAG-type Zinc finger.

Phorbol-ester/DAG-type

Phorbol-ester/DAG-type

Calcium-activated, phospholipid- and diacylglycerol (DAG)-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase involved in various cellular processes such as regulation of the B-cell receptor (BCR) signalosome, oxidative stress-induced apoptosis, androgen receptor-dependent transcription regulation, insulin signaling and endothelial cells proliferation, Plays a key role in B-cell activation by regulating BCR-induced NF-kappa-B activation, Mediates the activation of the canonical NF-kappa-B pathway (NFKB1) by direct phosphorylation of CARD11/CARMA1 at 'Ser-559', 'Ser-644' and 'Ser-652', Phosphorylation induces CARD11/CARMA1 association with lipid rafts and recruitment of the BCL10-MALT1 complex as well as MAP3K7/TAK1, which then activates IKK complex, resulting in nuclear translocation and activation of NFKB1, Plays a direct role in the negative feedback regulation of the BCR signaling, by down-modulating BTK function via direct phosphorylation of BTK at 'Ser-180', which results in the alteration of BTK plasma membrane localization and in turn inhibition of BTK activity, Involved in apoptosis following oxidative damage: in case of oxidative conditions, specifically phosphorylates 'Ser-36' of isoform p66Shc of SHC1, leading to mitochondrial accumulation of p66Shc, where p66Shc acts as a reactive oxygen species producer, Acts as a coactivator of androgen receptor (ANDR)-dependent transcription, by being recruited to ANDR target genes and specifically mediating phosphorylation of 'Thr-6' of histone H3 (H3T6ph), a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation that prevents demethylation of histone H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me) by LSD1/KDM1A, In insulin signaling, may function downstream of IRS1 in muscle cells and mediate insulin-dependent DNA synthesis through the RAF1-MAPK/ERK signaling cascade, Participates in the regulation of glucose transport in adipocytes by negatively modulating the insulin-stimulated translocation of the glucose transporter SLC2A4/GLUT4, Phosphorylates SLC2A1/GLUT1, promoting glucose uptake by SLC2A1/GLUT1, Under high glucose in pancreatic beta-cells, is probably involved in the inhibition of the insulin gene transcription, via regulation of MYC expression, In endothelial cells, activation of PRKCB induces increased phosphorylation of RB1, increased VEGFA-induced cell proliferation, and inhibits PI3K/AKT-dependent nitric oxide synthase (NOS3/eNOS) regulation by insulin, which causes endothelial dysfunction, Also involved in triglyceride homeostasis, Phosphorylates ATF2 which promotes cooperation between ATF2 and JUN, activating transcription


This is Gag polyprotein protein, from HIV-1, contains 500 amino acids, has 2 CCHC-type Zinc finger.

CCHC-type

CCHC-type

Plays a role in budding of the assembled particle by interacting with the host class E VPS proteins TSG101 and PDCD6IP/AIP1


This is Gag polyprotein protein, from HIV-1, contains 507 amino acids, has 2 CCHC-type Zinc finger.

CCHC-type

CCHC-type


This is Gag polyprotein protein, from HIV-1, contains 501 amino acids, has 2 CCHC-type Zinc finger.

CCHC-type

CCHC-type


This is Gag polyprotein protein, from HIV-2, contains 519 amino acids, has 2 CCHC-type Zinc finger.

CCHC-type

CCHC-type


This is Gag polyprotein protein, from SIV-agm.ver, contains 519 amino acids, has 2 CCHC-type Zinc finger.

CCHC-type

CCHC-type

p6-gag plays a role in budding of the assembled particle by interacting with the host class E VPS proteins TSG101 and PDCD6IP/AIP1


This is Gag polyprotein protein, from SIV-mac, contains 506 amino acids, has 2 CCHC-type Zinc finger.

CCHC-type

CCHC-type


CCHC-type

CCHC-type


This is Gag-Pol polyprotein protein, from HIV-1, contains 550 amino acids, has 2 CCHC-type Zinc finger.

CCHC-type

CCHC-type

Aspartyl protease that mediates proteolytic cleavages of Gag and Gag-Pol polyproteins during or shortly after the release of the virion from the plasma membrane, Cleavages take place as an ordered, step-wise cascade to yield mature proteins, This process is called maturation, Displays maximal activity during the budding process just prior to particle release from the cell, Also cleaves Nef and Vif, probably concomitantly with viral structural proteins on maturation of virus particles, Hydrolyzes host EIF4GI and PABP1 in order to shut off the capped cellular mRNA translation, The resulting inhibition of cellular protein synthesis serves to ensure maximal viral gene expression and to evade host immune response, Also mediates cleavage of host YTHDF3, Mediates cleavage of host CARD8, thereby activating the CARD8 inflammasome, leading to the clearance of latent HIV-1 in patient CD4(+) T-cells after viral reactivation; in contrast, HIV-1 can evade CARD8-sensing when its protease remains inactive in infected cells prior to viral budding (By similarity)


This is T-cell surface glycoprotein CD1a protein, from Human, contains 327 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like

Antigen-presenting protein that binds self and non-self lipid and glycolipid antigens and presents them to T-cell receptors on natural killer T-cells


This is Progesterone receptor protein, from Rabbit, contains 930 amino acids, has 2 NR C4-type Zinc finger.

NR C4-type

NR C4-type

The steroid hormones and their receptors are involved in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression and affect cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues, Transcriptional activator of several progesteron-dependent promoters in a variety of cell types, Involved in activation of SRC-dependent MAPK signaling on hormone stimulation

Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family, NR3 subfamily