This is Endoribonuclease ZC3H12A protein, from Mouse, contains 596 amino acids, has 1 C3H1-type Zinc finger.

Endoribonuclease involved in various biological functions such as cellular inflammatory response and immune homeostasis, glial differentiation of neuroprogenitor cells, cell death of cardiomyocytes, adipogenesis and angiogenesis, Functions as an endoribonuclease involved in mRNA decay (PubMed:26000482), Modulates the inflammatory response by promoting the degradation of a set of translationally active cytokine-induced inflammation-related mRNAs, such as IL6 and IL12B, during the early phase of inflammation (PubMed:19322177, PubMed:21115689, PubMed:23185455, PubMed:26000482), Prevents aberrant T-cell-mediated immune reaction by degradation of multiple mRNAs controlling T-cell activation, such as those encoding cytokines (IL6 and IL2), cell surface receptors (ICOS, TNFRSF4 and TNFR2) and transcription factor (REL) (PubMed:23706741, PubMed:26000482, PubMed:19322177, PubMed:21115689, PubMed:23185455), Inhibits cooperatively with ZC3H12A the differentiation of helper T cells Th17 in lungs, They repress target mRNA encoding the Th17 cell-promoting factors IL6, ICOS, REL, IRF4, NFKBID and NFKBIZ, The cooperation requires RNA-binding by RC3H1 and the nuclease activity of ZC3H12A (PubMed:25282160), Together with RC3H1, destabilizes TNFRSF4/OX40 mRNA by binding to the conserved stem loop structure in its 3'UTR (PubMed:29244194), Self regulates by destabilizing its own mRNA (PubMed:22037600), Cleaves mRNA harboring a stem-loop (SL), often located in their 3'-UTRs, during the early phase of inflammation in a helicase UPF1-dependent manner (PubMed:19322177, PubMed:23185455, PubMed:23706741, PubMed:26000482, PubMed:26134560), Plays a role in the inhibition of microRNAs (miRNAs) biogenesis (By similarity), Cleaves the terminal loop of a set of precursor miRNAs (pre-miRNAs) important for the regulation of the inflammatory response leading to their degradation, and thus preventing the biosynthesis of mature miRNAs (By similarity), Also plays a role in promoting angiogenesis in response to inflammatory cytokines by inhibiting the production of antiangiogenic microRNAs via its anti-dicer RNase activity (By similarity), Affects the overall ubiquitination of cellular proteins (PubMed:21115689), Positively regulates deubiquitinase activity promoting the cleavage at 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains on TNF receptor-associated factors (TRAFs), preventing JNK and NF-kappa-B signaling pathway activation, and hence negatively regulating macrophage-mediated inflammatory response and immune homeostasis (PubMed:21115689), Induces also deubiquitination of the transcription factor HIF1A, probably leading to its stabilization and nuclear import, thereby positively regulating the expression of proangiogenic HIF1A-targeted genes, Involved in a TANK-dependent negative feedback response to attenuate NF-kappaB activation through the deubiquitination of IKBKG or TRAF6 in response to interleukin-1-beta (IL1B) stimulation or upon DNA damage (By similarity), Prevents stress granules (SGs) formation and promotes macrophage apoptosis under stress conditions, including arsenite-induced oxidative stress, heat shock, and energy deprivation (PubMed:21971051), Plays a role in the regulation of macrophage polarization; promotes IL4-induced polarization of macrophages M1 into anti-inflammatory M2 state (PubMed:25934862), May also act as a transcription factor that regulates the expression of multiple genes involved in inflammatory response, angiogenesis, adipogenesis and apoptosis (PubMed:18178554, PubMed:19666473, PubMed:22739135), Functions as a positive regulator of glial differentiation of neuroprogenitor cells through an amyloid precursor protein (APP)-dependent signaling pathway (By similarity), Attenuates septic myocardial contractile dysfunction in response to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) by reducing I-kappa-B-kinase (IKK)-mediated NF-kappa-B activation, and hence myocardial pro-inflammatory cytokine production (PubMed:21616078)


This is Endoribonuclease ZC3H12A protein, from Human, contains 599 amino acids, has 1 C3H1-type Zinc finger.

(Microbial infection) Exhibits antiviral activity against HIV-1 in lymphocytes by decreasing the abundance of HIV-1 viral RNA species


This is Tripartite motif-containing protein 5 protein, from Brown woolly monkey, contains 547 amino acids, has 1 RING-type Zinc finger, has 1 B box-type Zinc finger.

RING-type

B box-type

Capsid-specific restriction factor that prevents infection from non-host-adapted retroviruses, Blocks viral replication early in the life cycle, after viral entry but before reverse transcription, In addition to acting as a capsid-specific restriction factor, also acts as a pattern recognition receptor that activates innate immune signaling in response to the retroviral capsid lattice, Binding to the viral capsid triggers its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, and in concert with the heterodimeric ubiquitin conjugating enzyme complex UBE2V1-UBE2N (also known as UBC13-UEV1A complex) generates 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains, which in turn are catalysts in the autophosphorylation of the MAP3K7/TAK1 complex (includes TAK1, TAB2, and TAB3), Activation of the MAP3K7/TAK1 complex by autophosphorylation results in the induction and expression of NF-kappa-B and MAPK-responsive inflammatory genes, thereby leading to an innate immune response in the infected cell, Plays a role in regulating autophagy through activation of autophagy regulator BECN1 by causing its dissociation from its inhibitors BCL2 and TAB2


This is Tripartite motif-containing protein 5 protein, from Bolivian gray titi monkey, contains 494 amino acids, has 1 RING-type Zinc finger, has 1 B box-type Zinc finger.

RING-type

B box-type


This is Tripartite motif-containing protein 5 protein, from Common squirrel monkey, contains 494 amino acids, has 1 RING-type Zinc finger, has 1 B box-type Zinc finger.

RING-type

B box-type

Capsid-specific restriction factor that prevents infection from non-host-adapted retroviruses, Blocks viral replication early in the life cycle, after viral entry but before reverse transcription, In addition to acting as a capsid-specific restriction factor, also acts as a pattern recognition receptor that activates innate immune signaling in response to the retroviral capsid lattice, Binding to the viral capsid triggers its E3 ubiquitin ligase activity, and in concert with the heterodimeric ubiquitin conjugating enzyme complex UBE2V1-UBE2N (also known as UBC13-UEV1A complex) generates 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains, which in turn are catalysts in the autophosphorylation of the MAP3K7/TAK1 complex (includes TAK1, TAB2, and TAB3), Activation of the MAP3K7/TAK1 complex by autophosphorylation results in the induction and expression of NF-kappa-B and MAPK-responsive inflammatory genes, thereby leading to an innate immune response in the infected cell, Restricts infection by simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV-mac)(PubMed:22291694), Plays a role in regulating autophagy through activation of autophagy regulator BECN1 by causing its dissociation from its inhibitors BCL2 and TAB2 (By similarity)


This is Tripartite motif-containing protein 5 protein, from Black-handed spider monkey, contains 547 amino acids, has 1 RING-type Zinc finger, has 1 B box-type Zinc finger.

RING-type

B box-type


This is Tripartite motif-containing protein 5 protein, from White-faced saki, contains 494 amino acids, has 1 RING-type Zinc finger, has 1 B box-type Zinc finger.

RING-type

B box-type


This is Tripartite motif-containing protein 5 protein, from Red guenon, contains 495 amino acids, has 1 RING-type Zinc finger, has 1 B box-type Zinc finger.

RING-type

B box-type


This is Tripartite motif-containing protein 5 protein, from Pygmy marmoset, contains 494 amino acids, has 1 RING-type Zinc finger, has 1 B box-type Zinc finger.

RING-type

B box-type


This is Tripartite motif-containing protein 5 protein, from Bolivian red howler monkey, contains 551 amino acids, has 1 RING-type Zinc finger, has 1 B box-type Zinc finger.

RING-type

B box-type


This is Tripartite motif-containing protein 5 protein, from Red-shanked douc langur, contains 495 amino acids, has 1 RING-type Zinc finger, has 1 B box-type Zinc finger.

RING-type

B box-type


This is Tripartite motif-containing protein 5 protein, from Mantled guereza, contains 495 amino acids, has 1 RING-type Zinc finger, has 1 B box-type Zinc finger.

RING-type

B box-type


This is Tripartite motif-containing protein 5 protein, from Chimpanzee, contains 493 amino acids, has 1 RING-type Zinc finger, has 1 B box-type Zinc finger.

RING-type

B box-type


This is Tripartite motif-containing protein 5 protein, from Olive baboon, contains 497 amino acids, has 1 RING-type Zinc finger, has 1 B box-type Zinc finger.

RING-type

B box-type


This is E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase BRE1A protein, from Mouse, contains 973 amino acids, has 1 RING-type Zinc finger.

RING-type

Component of the RNF20/40 E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex that mediates monoubiquitination of 'Lys-120' of histone H2B (H2BK120ub1) (PubMed:28453857), H2BK120ub1 gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional activation and is also prerequisite for histone H3 'Lys-4' and 'Lys-79' methylation (H3K4me and H3K79me, respectively), It thereby plays a central role in histone code and gene regulation, The RNF20/40 complex forms a H2B ubiquitin ligase complex in cooperation with the E2 enzyme UBE2A or UBE2B; reports about the cooperation with UBE2E1/UBCH are contradictory, Required for transcriptional activation of Hox genes, Recruited to the MDM2 promoter, probably by being recruited by p53/TP53, and thereby acts as a transcriptional coactivator, Mediates the polyubiquitination of PA2G4 leading to its proteasome-mediated degradation


This is Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 22 protein, from Mouse, contains 525 amino acids, has 1 UBP-type Zinc finger.

UBP-type

Histone deubiquitinating component of the transcription regulatory histone acetylation (HAT) complex SAGA, Catalyzes the deubiquitination of both histones H2A and H2B, thereby acting as a coactivator, Recruited to specific gene promoters by activators such as MYC, where it is required for transcription, Required for nuclear receptor-mediated transactivation and cell cycle progression (By similarity)

Belongs to the peptidase C19 family, UBP8 subfamily


This is Immunoglobulin superfamily member 11 protein, from Human, contains 431 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like V-type Immunoglobulin domain, has 1 Ig-like C2-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like V-type

Ig-like C2-type

Functions as a cell adhesion molecule through homophilic interaction, Stimulates cell growth


This is DnaJ homolog subfamily A member 1 protein, from Bovine, contains 397 amino acids, has 1 CR-type Zinc finger.

CR-type

Co-chaperone for HSPA8/Hsc70, Plays a role in protein transport into mitochondria via its role as co-chaperone, Functions as co-chaperone for HSPA1B and negatively regulates the translocation of BAX from the cytosol to mitochondria in response to cellular stress, thereby protecting cells against apoptosis, Stimulates ATP hydrolysis, but not the folding of unfolded proteins mediated by HSPA1A (in vitro), Promotes apoptosis in response to cellular stress mediated by exposure to anisomycin or UV (By similarity)


This is Oxysterols receptor LXR-alpha protein, from Bovine, contains 447 amino acids, has 2 NR C4-type Zinc finger.

NR C4-type

NR C4-type

Nuclear receptor that exhibits a ligand-dependent transcriptional activation activity, Interaction with retinoic acid receptor (RXR) shifts RXR from its role as a silent DNA-binding partner to an active ligand-binding subunit in mediating retinoid responses through target genes defined by LXRES, LXRES are DR4-type response elements characterized by direct repeats of two similar hexanuclotide half-sites spaced by four nucleotides, Plays an important role in the regulation of cholesterol homeostasis, regulating cholesterol uptake through MYLIP-dependent ubiquitination of LDLR, VLDLR and LRP8, Interplays functionally with RORA for the regulation of genes involved in liver metabolism (By similarity), Induces LPCAT3-dependent phospholipid remodeling in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membranes of hepatocytes, driving SREBF1 processing and lipogenesis (By similarity), Via LPCAT3, triggers the incorporation of arachidonate into phosphatidylcholines of ER membranes, increasing membrane dynamics and enabling triacylglycerols transfer to nascent very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) particles (By similarity), Via LPCAT3 also counteracts lipid-induced ER stress response and inflammation, likely by modulating SRC kinase membrane compartmentalization and limiting the synthesis of lipid inflammatory mediators (By similarity)

Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family, NR1 subfamily


This is E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF34 protein, from Bovine, contains 375 amino acids, has 1 FYVE-type Zinc finger, has 1 RING-type Zinc finger.

FYVE-type

RING-type

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that regulates several biological processes through the ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation of various target proteins, Ubiquitinates the caspases CASP8 and CASP10, promoting their proteasomal degradation, to negatively regulate cell death downstream of death domain receptors in the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis, May mediate 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination of RIPK1 and its subsequent proteasomal degradation thereby indirectly regulating the tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway, Negatively regulates p53/TP53 through its direct ubiquitination and targeting to proteasomal degradation, Indirectly, may also negatively regulate p53/TP53 through ubiquitination and degradation of SFN, Mediates PPARGC1A proteasomal degradation probably through ubiquitination thereby indirectly regulating the metabolism of brown fat cells, Possibly involved in innate immunity, through 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination of NOD1 and its subsequent proteasomal degradation


This is Ras association domain-containing protein 5 protein, from Mouse, contains 413 amino acids, has 1 Phorbol-ester/DAG-type Zinc finger.

Phorbol-ester/DAG-type

Potential tumor suppressor, Seems to be involved in lymphocyte adhesion by linking RAP1A activation upon T-cell receptor or chemokine stimulation to integrin activation, Isoform 2 stimulates lymphocyte polarization and the patch-like distribution of ITGAL/LFA-1, resulting in an enhanced adhesion to ICAM1, Together with RAP1A may participate in regulation of microtubule growth, The association of isoform 2 with activated RAP1A is required for directional movement of endothelial cells during wound healing (By similarity), May be involved in regulation of Ras apoptotic function, The RASSF5-STK4/MST1 complex may mediate HRAS and KRAS induced apoptosis


This is Probable E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase IRF2BPL protein, from Rat, contains 783 amino acids, has 1 RING-type; degenerate Zinc finger.

RING-type; degenerate

Probable E3 ubiquitin protein ligase involved in the proteasome-mediated ubiquitin-dependent degradation of target proteins, Through the degradation of CTNNB1, functions downstream of FOXF2 to negatively regulate the Wnt signaling pathway, Probably plays a role in the development of the central nervous system and in neuronal maintenance (By similarity), Also acts as a transcriptional regulator of genes controlling female reproductive function, May play a role in gene transcription by transactivating GNRH1 promoter and repressing PENK promoter


This is DnaJ homolog subfamily C member 21 protein, from Human, contains 531 amino acids, has 2 C2H2-type Zinc finger.

May act as a co-chaperone for HSP70, May play a role in ribosomal RNA (rRNA) biogenesis, possibly in the maturation of the 60S subunit, Binds the precursor 45S rRNA


This is Zinc finger and BTB domain-containing protein 4 protein, from Mouse, contains 982 amino acids, has 1 C2H2-type 1; atypical Zinc finger, has 5 C2H2-type Zinc finger.

C2H2-type 1; atypical

Transcriptional repressor with bimodal DNA-binding specificity, Represses transcription in a methyl-CpG-dependent manner, Binds with a higher affinity to methylated CpG dinucleotides in the consensus sequence 5'-CGCG-3' but can also bind to the non-methylated consensus sequence 5'-CTGCNA-3' also known as the consensus kaiso binding site (KBS), Can also bind specifically to a single methyl-CpG pair and can bind hemimethylated DNA but with a lower affinity compared to methylated DNA, Plays a role in postnatal myogenesis, may be involved in the regulation of satellite cells self-renewal (PubMed:27446912)


This is Retinoic acid receptor alpha protein, from Dog, contains 462 amino acids, has 2 NR C4-type Zinc finger.

NR C4-type

NR C4-type

Receptor for retinoic acid, Retinoic acid receptors bind as heterodimers to their target response elements in response to their ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, and regulate gene expression in various biological processes, The RXR/RAR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5, In the absence of ligand, the RXR-RAR heterodimers associate with a multiprotein complex containing transcription corepressors that induce histone deacetylation, chromatin condensation and transcriptional suppression, On ligand binding, the corepressors dissociate from the receptors and associate with the coactivators leading to transcriptional activation, Formation of heterocomplex with histone deacetylases might lead to inhibition of RARE DNA element binding and to transcriptional repression (By similarity), Transcriptional activation and RARE DNA element binding might be supported by the transcription factor KLF2 (By similarity), RARA plays an essential role in the regulation of retinoic acid-induced germ cell development during spermatogenesis, Has a role in the survival of early spermatocytes at the beginning prophase of meiosis, In Sertoli cells, may promote the survival and development of early meiotic prophase spermatocytes, Together with RXRA, positively regulates microRNA-10a expression, thereby inhibiting the GATA6/VCAM1 signaling response to pulsatile shear stress in vascular endothelial cells (By similarity), In association with HDAC3, HDAC5 and HDAC7 corepressors, plays a role in the repression of microRNA-10a and thereby promotes the inflammatory response (By similarity)


This is Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 protein, from Rat, contains 985 amino acids, has 1 Phorbol-ester/DAG-type Zinc finger.

Phorbol-ester/DAG-type

Activates Rho-GTPases by promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP, May be involved in epithelial barrier permeability, cell motility and polarization, dendritic spine morphology, antigen presentation, leukemic cell differentiation, cell cycle regulation, innate immune response, and cancer, Binds Rac-GTPases, but does not seem to promote nucleotide exchange activity toward Rac-GTPases, May stimulate instead the cortical activity of Rac, Inactive toward CDC42, TC10, or Ras-GTPases, Forms an intracellular sensing system along with NOD1 for the detection of microbial effectors during cell invasion by pathogens, Involved in innate immune signaling transduction pathway promoting cytokine IL6/interleukin-6 and TNF-alpha secretion in macrophage upon stimulation by bacterial peptidoglycans; acts as a signaling intermediate between NOD2 receptor and RIPK2 kinase, Contributes to the tyrosine phosphorylation of RIPK2 through Src tyrosine kinase leading to NF-kappaB activation by NOD2, Overexpression activates Rho-, but not Rac-GTPases, and increases paracellular permeability, Involved in neuronal progenitor cell division and differentiation, Involved in the migration of precerebellar neurons


This is N-acetyltransferase ESCO1 protein, from Human, contains 840 amino acids, has 1 CCHH-type Zinc finger.

CCHH-type

Acetyltransferase required for the establishment of sister chromatid cohesion (PubMed:15958495, PubMed:18614053), Couples the processes of cohesion and DNA replication to ensure that only sister chromatids become paired together, In contrast to the structural cohesins, the deposition and establishment factors are required only during S phase, Acts by mediating the acetylation of cohesin component SMC3 (PubMed:18614053)

Belongs to the acetyltransferase family, ECO subfamily


This is Maternal DNA replication licensing factor mcm6 protein, from African clawed frog, contains 821 amino acids, has 1 C4-type Zinc finger.

Acts as component of the mcm2-7 complex (mcm complex) which is the putative replicative helicase essential for 'once per cell cycle' DNA replication initiation and elongation in eukaryotic cells, The active ATPase sites in the mcm2-7 ring are formed through the interaction surfaces of two neighboring subunits such that a critical structure of a conserved arginine finger motif is provided in trans relative to the ATP-binding site of the Walker A box of the adjacent subunit, The six ATPase active sites, however, are likely to contribute differentially to the complex helicase activity, The existence of maternal and zygotic forms of mcm3 and mcm6 suggests that specific forms of mcm2-7 complexes may be used during different stages of development


This is GATA transcription factor 21 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 398 amino acids, has 1 GATA-type Zinc finger.

GATA-type

Transcriptional regulator that specifically binds 5'-GATA-3' or 5'-GAT-3' motifs within gene promoters (PubMed:22102866, PubMed:25077795), Involved in the modulation of chloroplast development, growth and division in a cytokinin-dependent manner (PubMed:22102866, PubMed:22811435), Repressor of the gibberellic acid (GA) signaling pathway that represses flowering and modulates greening, in a SOC1-dependent manner (PubMed:20844019, PubMed:23739688, PubMed:25077795), Prevents the accumulation of SOC1 during flowering (PubMed:23739688), Promotes chlorophyll biosynthesis throughout the plant, by regulating chlorophyll biosynthetic genes (e,g, HEMA1 and GUN4) and chloroplast localized glutamate synthase (e,g, GLU1) (PubMed:18417639, PubMed:20844019, PubMed:22102866, PubMed:23878229, PubMed:25077795), Involved in the regulation of sugar-sensing genes (e,g, HXK1, HXK2, STP13 and PLT6) (PubMed:18417639), Regulator of germination, senescence, elongation growth and flowering time (PubMed:20844019, PubMed:22102866, PubMed:23878229), Influences also leaf starch content (PubMed:22102866)

Belongs to the type IV zinc-finger family, Class B subfamily


This is Transcription initiation factor TFIID subunit 3 protein, from Mouse, contains 932 amino acids, has 1 PHD-type Zinc finger.

PHD-type

The TFIID basal transcription factor complex plays a major role in the initiation of RNA polymerase II (Pol II)-dependent transcription (By similarity), TFIID recognizes and binds promoters with or without a TATA box via its subunit TBP, a TATA-box-binding protein, and promotes assembly of the pre-initiation complex (PIC) (By similarity), The TFIID complex consists of TBP and TBP-associated factors (TAFs), including TAF1, TAF2, TAF3, TAF4, TAF5, TAF6, TAF7, TAF8, TAF9, TAF10, TAF11, TAF12 and TAF13 (By similarity), The TFIID complex structure can be divided into 3 modules TFIID-A, TFIID-B, and TFIID-C (By similarity), TAF3 forms the TFIID-A module together with TAF5 and TBP (By similarity), Required in complex with TBPL2 for the differentiation of myoblasts into myocytes (PubMed:17704303), The TAF3-TBPL2 complex replaces TFIID at specific promoters at an early stage in the differentiation process (PubMed:17704303)


This is Zinc finger protein 488 protein, from Mouse, contains 337 amino acids, has 2 C2H2-type Zinc finger.

Transcriptional repressor (PubMed:16908628), Plays a role in oligodendrocyte differentiation, together with OLIG2 (PubMed:16908628, PubMed:22355521), Mediates Notch signaling-activated formation of oligodendrocyte precursors (PubMed:16908628), Promotes differentiation of adult neural stem progenitor cells (NSPCs) into mature oligodendrocytes and contributes to remyelination following nerve injury (PubMed:22355521)

Belongs to the krueppel C2H2-type zinc-finger protein family


This is RNA polymerase II subunit B1 CTD phosphatase Rpap2 protein, from Rat, contains 609 amino acids, has 1 RTR1-type Zinc finger.

Protein phosphatase that displays CTD phosphatase activity and regulates transcription of snRNA genes, Recognizes and binds phosphorylated 'Ser-7' of the C-terminal heptapeptide repeat domain (CTD) of the largest RNA polymerase II subunit POLR2A, and mediates dephosphorylation of 'Ser-5' of the CTD, thereby promoting transcription of snRNA genes (By similarity), Downstream of EIF2AK3/PERK, dephosphorylates ERN1, a sensor for the endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response (UPR), to abort failed ER-stress adaptation and trigger apoptosis (By similarity)


This is E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase MARCHF2 protein, from Rat, contains 246 amino acids, has 1 RING-CH-type Zinc finger.

RING-CH-type

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that may mediate ubiquitination of TFRC and CD86, and promote their subsequent endocytosis and sorting to lysosomes via multivesicular bodies, E3 ubiquitin ligases accept ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfer the ubiquitin to targeted substrates, Together with GOPC/CAL mediates the ubiquitination and lysosomal degradation of CFTR (By similarity), Ubiquitinates and therefore mediates the degradation of DLG1 (By similarity), Regulates the intracellular trafficking and secretion of alpha1-antitrypsin/SERPINA1 and HP/haptoglobin via ubiquitination and degradation of the cargo receptor ERGIC3 (By similarity), Negatively regulates the antiviral and antibacterial immune response by repression of the NF-kB and type 1 IFN signaling pathways, via MARCHF2-mediated K48-linked polyubiquitination of IKBKG/NEMO, resulting in its proteasomal degradation (By similarity), May be involved in endosomal trafficking through interaction with STX6


This is Retinoic acid receptor RXR protein, from Great pond snail, contains 436 amino acids, has 2 NR C4-type Zinc finger.

NR C4-type

NR C4-type

Ligand-dependent transcription factor probably involved in the retinoic acid response pathway, Binds 9-cis-retinoic acid (By similarity), Involved in embryo development, in particular eye and shell formation, May play a role in growth cone steering

Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family, NR2 subfamily


This is NT-3 growth factor receptor protein, from Crab-eating macaque, contains 825 amino acids, has 2 Ig-like C2-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C2-type

Ig-like C2-type

Receptor tyrosine kinase involved in nervous system and probably heart development, Upon binding of its ligand NTF3/neurotrophin-3, NTRK3 autophosphorylates and activates different signaling pathways, including the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/AKT and the MAPK pathways, that control cell survival and differentiation

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily, Tyr protein kinase family, Insulin receptor subfamily


This is NT-3 growth factor receptor protein, from Chimpanzee, contains 825 amino acids, has 2 Ig-like C2-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C2-type

Ig-like C2-type


This is mRNA decay activator protein ZFP36L3 protein, from Mouse, contains 725 amino acids, has 2 C3H1-type Zinc finger.

Placenta-specific zinc-finger RNA-binding protein that destabilizes cytoplasmic AU-rich element (ARE)-containing mRNA transcripts by promoting their poly(A) tail removal or deadenylation, and hence provide a mechanism for attenuating protein synthesis (PubMed:15814898, PubMed:26952984), Binds to the 3'-UTR ARE of placental target mRNAs, such as TNF, HBEGF and LIPG (PubMed:15814898, PubMed:18367448, PubMed:26952984), Involved in placental expression of many genes important for normal placental physiology (PubMed:26952984)


This is Cellulose synthase A catalytic subunit 4 [UDP-forming] protein, from Rice, contains 989 amino acids, has 1 RING-type; degenerate Zinc finger.

RING-type; degenerate

Catalytic subunit of cellulose synthase terminal complexes ('rosettes'), required for beta-1,4-glucan microfibril crystallization, a major mechanism of the cell wall formation (By similarity), Involved in the secondary cell wall formation

Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 2 family, Plant cellulose synthase subfamily


This is FYVE, RhoGEF and PH domain-containing protein 3 protein, from Human, contains 725 amino acids, has 1 FYVE-type Zinc finger.

FYVE-type

Promotes the formation of filopodia, May activate CDC42, a member of the Ras-like family of Rho- and Rac proteins, by exchanging bound GDP for free GTP, Plays a role in regulating the actin cytoskeleton and cell shape (By similarity)


This is Vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 41 homolog protein, from Mouse, contains 853 amino acids, has 1 RING-type; atypical Zinc finger.

RING-type; atypical

Plays a role in vesicle-mediated protein trafficking to lysosomal compartments including the endocytic membrane transport and autophagic pathways, Believed to act in part as a core component of the putative HOPS endosomal tethering complex is proposed to be involved in the Rab5-to-Rab7 endosome conversion probably implicating MON1A/B, and via binding SNAREs and SNARE complexes to mediate tethering and docking events during SNARE-mediated membrane fusion, The HOPS complex is proposed to be recruited to Rab7 on the late endosomal membrane and to regulate late endocytic, phagocytic and autophagic traffic towards lysosomes, Involved in homotypic vesicle fusions between late endosomes and in heterotypic fusions between late endosomes and lysosomes implicated in degradation of endocytosed cargo, Required for fusion of autophagosomes with lysosomes, Links the HOPS complex to endosomal via its association with RILP and to lysosomal membranes via its association with ARL8B, suggesting that these interactions may bring the compartments to close proximity for fusion (By similarity), Involved in the direct trans-Golgi network to late endosomes transport of lysosomal membrane proteins independently of HOPS (By similarity), Involved in sorting to the regulated secretory pathway presumably implicating the AP-3 adapter complex (By similarity), May play a role in HOPS-independent function in the regulated secretory pathway (By similarity)


This is E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM13 protein, from Rat, contains 407 amino acids, has 1 RING-type Zinc finger, has 1 B box-type Zinc finger.

RING-type

B box-type

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane anchored E3 ligase involved in the retrotranslocation and turnover of membrane and secretory proteins from the ER through a set of processes named ER-associated degradation (ERAD), This process acts on misfolded proteins as well as in the regulated degradation of correctly folded proteins, Enhances ionizing radiation-induced p53/TP53 stability and apoptosis via ubiquitinating MDM2 and AKT1 and decreasing AKT1 kinase activity through MDM2 and AKT1 proteasomal degradation, Regulates ER stress-induced autophagy, and may act as a tumor suppressor, Also plays a role in innate immune response by stimulating NF-kappa-B activity in the TLR2 signaling pathway, Ubiquitinates TRAF6 via the 'Lys-29'-linked polyubiquitination chain resulting in NF-kappa-B activation, Participates as well in T-cell receptor-mediated NF-kappa-B activation, In the presence of TNF, modulates the IKK complex by regulating IKBKG/NEMO ubiquitination leading to the repression of NF-kappa-B


This is E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNFT1 protein, from Human, contains 435 amino acids, has 1 RING-type Zinc finger.

RING-type

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that acts in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-associated degradation (ERAD) pathway, which targets misfolded proteins that accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) for ubiquitination and subsequent proteasome-mediated degradation, Protects cells from ER stress-induced apoptosis


This is E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF5 protein, from Rat, contains 180 amino acids, has 1 RING-type Zinc finger.

RING-type

Membrane-bound E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates ubiquitination of target proteins, May function together with E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzymes UBE2D1/UBCH5A and UBE2D2/UBC4, Mediates ubiquitination of PXN/paxillin,thereby regulating cell motility and localization of PXN/paxillin, Catalyzes ubiquitination of Salmonella type III secreted protein sopA, Mediates the 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination of JKAMP thereby regulating JKAMP function by decreasing its association with components of the proteasome and ERAD; the ubiquitination appears to involve E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme UBE2N, Mediates the 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination of STING1 at 'Lys-150' leading to its proteasomal degradation; the ubiquitination occurs in mitochondria after viral transfection and regulates antiviral responses, Catalyzes ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of ATG4B, thereby inhibiting autophagy


This is POZ (BTB) and AT hook-containing zinc finger 1 protein, from Mouse, contains 687 amino acids, has 7 C2H2-type Zinc finger.

Transcriptional regulator that plays a role in many biological processes such as embryogenesis, senescence, T-cell development or neurogenesis (PubMed:18241078, PubMed:22886576, PubMed:33898458), Interacts with the TP53 protein to control genes that are important in proliferation and in the DNA-damage response, Mechanistically, the interaction inhibits the DNA binding and transcriptional activity of TP53/p53 (By similarity), Part of the transcriptional network modulating regulatory T-cell development and controls the generation of the regulatory T-cell pool under homeostatic conditions (By similarity)


This is E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM41 protein, from Mouse, contains 630 amino acids, has 1 RING-type; degenerate Zinc finger, has 1 B box-type Zinc finger.

RING-type; degenerate

B box-type

E3 ligase that plays essential roles in innate antiviral response (PubMed:33640899), Directly binds to influenza A virus or vesicular stomatitis virus nucleoproteins and targets them for ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation, thereby limiting viral infections (By similarity), Activates the innate antiviral response by catalyzing monoubiquitination of CGAS, thereby activating CGAS (By similarity), Also involved in innate antiviral response by mediating 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitylation of BCL10 which in turn hubs NEMO for activation of NF-kappa-B and IRF3 pathways (PubMed:33640899), Catalyzes the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of other substrates including protein kinase C, ZSCAN21 or TOP3B suggesting additional roles besides its function in immune response (PubMed:30485814)


This is E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM58 protein, from Mouse, contains 485 amino acids, has 1 RING-type Zinc finger, has 1 B box-type Zinc finger.

RING-type

B box-type

E3 ubiquitin ligase induced during late erythropoiesis, Directly binds and ubiquitinates the intermediate chain of the microtubule motor dynein (DYNC1LI1/DYNC1LI2), stimulating the degradation of the dynein holoprotein complex, May participate in the erythroblast enucleation process through regulation of nuclear polarization


This is E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF43 protein, from Mouse, contains 784 amino acids, has 1 RING-type; atypical Zinc finger.

RING-type; atypical

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that acts as a negative regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway by mediating the ubiquitination, endocytosis and subsequent degradation of Wnt receptor complex components Frizzled, Acts on both canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway (PubMed:22895187), Along with RSPO2 and ZNRF3, constitutes a master switch that governs limb specification (By similarity)


This is E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF34 protein, from Sumatran orangutan, contains 372 amino acids, has 1 FYVE-type Zinc finger, has 1 RING-type Zinc finger.

FYVE-type

RING-type

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that regulates several biological processes through the ubiquitin-mediated proteasomal degradation of various target proteins, Ubiquitinates the caspases CASP8 and CASP10, promoting their proteasomal degradation, to negatively regulate cell death downstream of death domain receptors in the extrinsic pathway of apoptosis, May mediate 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination of RIPK1 and its subsequent proteasomal degradation thereby indirectly regulating the tumor necrosis factor-mediated signaling pathway, Negatively regulates p53/TP53 through its direct ubiquitination and targeting to proteasomal degradation, Indirectly, may also negatively regulate p53/TP53 through ubiquitination and degradation of SFN, Mediates PPARGC1A proteasomal degradation probably through ubiquitination thereby indirectly regulating the metabolism of brown fat cells, Possibly involved in innate immunity, through 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination of NOD1 and its subsequent proteasomal degradation


This is DnaJ homolog subfamily A member 1 protein, from Sumatran orangutan, contains 396 amino acids, has 1 CR-type Zinc finger.

CR-type

Co-chaperone for HSPA8/Hsc70, Plays a role in protein transport into mitochondria via its role as co-chaperone, Functions as co-chaperone for HSPA1B and negatively regulates the translocation of BAX from the cytosol to mitochondria in response to cellular stress, thereby protecting cells against apoptosis, Stimulates ATP hydrolysis, but not the folding of unfolded proteins mediated by HSPA1A (in vitro), Promotes apoptosis in response to cellular stress mediated by exposure to anisomycin or UV (By similarity)


This is Transmembrane E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase FLY1 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 562 amino acids, has 1 RING-type; atypical Zinc finger.

RING-type; atypical

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that regulates the degree of methylesterification of pectin in seed mucilage, May be involved in the recycling of pectin methylesterase enzymes in the endomembrane system of seed coat epidermal cells, Possesses E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity in vitro when associated with the E1 enzyme UBA1 and the E2 enzyme UBC8, May be involved in xylem development


This is Histone-lysine N-methyltransferase ATXR2 protein, from Mouse-ear cress, contains 473 amino acids, has 1 MYND-type; degenerate Zinc finger.

MYND-type; degenerate

Histone methyltransferase that methylates 'Lys-36' (H3K36me) of histone H3 to produce H3K36me3 (PubMed:29184030), Promotes early stages of cellular dedifferentiation through H3K36me3-dependent, and to a lesser degree H3K4me3-dependent, activation of Lateral organ Boundaries-Domain (LBD) (e,g, LBD16 and LBD29) genes (PubMed:29184030), Positive regulator of root organogenesis including lateral root formation as well as adventitious root formation from wounded leaf tissues (PubMed:29517958), Recruited by JMJ30/ARF (e,g, ARF7 and ARF19) complexes to promote the deposition of H3K36me3 and, to a lower extent, H3K4me3 at LBD genes promoters, thus ensuring their stable activation during callus formation on callus-inducing medium (CIM) (PubMed:29923261, PubMed:29184030)

Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily, Histone-lysine methyltransferase family, TRX/MLL subfamily


This is BRCA1-A complex subunit RAP80 protein, from Rat, contains 726 amino acids, has 1 UBZ4-type Zinc finger.

Ubiquitin-binding protein, Specifically recognizes and binds 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin, Plays a central role in the BRCA1-A complex by specifically binding 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitinated histones H2A and H2AX at DNA lesions sites, leading to target the BRCA1-BARD1 heterodimer to sites of DNA damage at double-strand breaks (DSBs), The BRCA1-A complex also possesses deubiquitinase activity that specifically removes 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin on histones H2A and H2AX, Also weakly binds monoubiquitin but with much less affinity than 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin, May interact with monoubiquitinated histones H2A and H2B; the relevance of such results is however unclear in vivo, Does not bind Lys-48'-linked ubiquitin, May indirectly act as a transcriptional repressor by inhibiting the interaction of NR6A1 with the corepressor NCOR1


This is Protein ZNF365 protein, from Rat, contains 408 amino acids, has 1 C2H2-type; degenerate Zinc finger.

C2H2-type; degenerate

Involved in the positive regulation of oligodendrocyte differentiation during postnatal growth (PubMed:24481677), Involved in the morphogenesis of basket cells in the somatosensory cortex during embryogenesis, Involved in dendritic arborization, morphogenesis of spine density dendrite, and establishment of postsynaptic dendrite density in cortical pyramidal neurons (By similarity), Involved in the regulation of neurogenesis, Negatively regulates neurite outgrowth, Involved in homologous recombination (HR) repair pathway, Required for proper resolution of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by HR, Is required for recovery of stalled replication forks, and directly contributes to genomic stability, Interacts with PARP1 and mediates MRE11-dependent DNA end resection during replication fork recovery, Contributes to genomic stability by preventing telomere dysfunction (By similarity)

Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, microtubule organizing center, centrosome


This is Protein kinase C delta type protein, from Dog, contains 674 amino acids, has 2 Phorbol-ester/DAG-type Zinc finger.

Phorbol-ester/DAG-type

Phorbol-ester/DAG-type

Calcium-independent, phospholipid- and diacylglycerol (DAG)-dependent serine/threonine-protein kinase that plays contrasting roles in cell death and cell survival by functioning as a pro-apoptotic protein during DNA damage-induced apoptosis, but acting as an anti-apoptotic protein during cytokine receptor-initiated cell death, is involved in tumor suppression, is required for oxygen radical production by NADPH oxidase and acts as positive or negative regulator in platelet functional responses, Upon DNA damage, activates the promoter of the death-promoting transcription factor BCLAF1/Btf to trigger BCLAF1-mediated p53/TP53 gene transcription and apoptosis, In response to oxidative stress, interact with and activate CHUK/IKKA in the nucleus, causing the phosphorylation of p53/TP53, In the case of ER stress or DNA damage-induced apoptosis, can form a complex with the tyrosine-protein kinase ABL1 which trigger apoptosis independently of p53/TP53, In cytosol can trigger apoptosis by activating MAPK11 or MAPK14, inhibiting AKT1 and decreasing the level of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP), whereas in nucleus induces apoptosis via the activation of MAPK8 or MAPK9, Upon ionizing radiation treatment, is required for the activation of the apoptosis regulators BAX and BAK, which trigger the mitochondrial cell death pathway, Can phosphorylate MCL1 and target it for degradation which is sufficient to trigger for BAX activation and apoptosis, Is required for the control of cell cycle progression both at G1/S and G2/M phases, Mediates phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced inhibition of cell cycle progression at G1/S phase by up-regulating the CDK inhibitor CDKN1A/p21 and inhibiting the cyclin CCNA2 promoter activity, In response to UV irradiation can phosphorylate CDK1, which is important for the G2/M DNA damage checkpoint activation, Can protect glioma cells from the apoptosis induced by TNFSF10/TRAIL, probably by inducing increased phosphorylation and subsequent activation of AKT1, Can also act as tumor suppressor upon mitogenic stimulation with PMA or TPA, In N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP)-treated cells, is required for NCF1 (p47-phox) phosphorylation and activation of NADPH oxidase activity, and regulates TNF-elicited superoxide anion production in neutrophils, by direct phosphorylation and activation of NCF1 or indirectly through MAPK1/3 (ERK1/2) signaling pathways, Involved in antifungal immunity by mediating phosphorylation and activation of CARD9 downstream of C-type lectin receptors activation, promoting interaction between CARD9 and BCL10, followed by activation of NF-kappa-B and MAP kinase p38 pathways (By similarity), May also play a role in the regulation of NADPH oxidase activity in eosinophil after stimulation with IL5, leukotriene B4 or PMA, In collagen-induced platelet aggregation, acts a negative regulator of filopodia formation and actin polymerization by interacting with and negatively regulating VASP phosphorylation, Downstream of PAR1, PAR4 and CD36/GP4 receptors, regulates differentially platelet dense granule secretion; acts as a positive regulator in PAR-mediated granule secretion, whereas it negatively regulates CD36/GP4-mediated granule release, Phosphorylates MUC1 in the C-terminal and regulates the interaction between MUC1 and beta-catenin (By similarity), The catalytic subunit phosphorylates 14-3-3 proteins (YWHAB, YWHAZ and YWHAH) in a sphingosine-dependent fashion, Phosphorylates ELAVL1 in response to angiotensin-2 treatment (By similarity), Phosphorylates mitochondrial phospholipid scramblase 3 (PLSCR3), resulting in increased cardiolipin expression on the mitochondrial outer membrane which facilitates apoptosis (By similarity), Phosphorylates SMPD1 which induces SMPD1 secretion (By similarity)

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily, AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family, PKC subfamily


This is Receptor-transporting protein 2 protein, from Human, contains 225 amino acids, has 1 3CxxC-type Zinc finger.

Specifically promotes functional cell surface expression of olfactory receptors, but not of other GPCRs


This is Steroid hormone receptor ERR1 protein, from Rat, contains 422 amino acids, has 2 NR C4-type Zinc finger.

NR C4-type

NR C4-type

Binds to an ERR-alpha response element (ERRE) containing a single consensus half-site, 5'-TNAAGGTCA-3', Can bind to the medium-chain acyl coenzyme A dehydrogenase (MCAD) response element NRRE-1 and may act as an important regulator of MCAD promoter, Binds to the C1 region of the lactoferrin gene promoter, Requires dimerization and the coactivator, PGC-1A, for full activity, The ERRalpha/PGC1alpha complex is a regulator of energy metabolism, Induces the expression of PERM1 in the skeletal muscle

Belongs to the nuclear hormone receptor family, NR3 subfamily


This is Hepatitis A virus cellular receptor 1 homolog protein, from Mouse, contains 305 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like V-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like V-type

Phosphatidylserine receptor that plays an important functional role in regulatory B-cells homeostasis including generation, expansion and suppressor functions (PubMed:21821911, PubMed:25645598, PubMed:32668241), As P-selectin/SELPLG ligand, plays a specialized role in activated but not naive T-cell trafficking during inflammatory responses (PubMed:24703780), Controls thereby T-cell accumulation in the inflamed central nervous system (CNS) and the induction of autoimmune disease (PubMed:24703780), Regulates also expression of various anti-inflammatory cytokines and co-inhibitory ligands including IL10 (PubMed:25582854, PubMed:25645598), Acts as regulator of T-cell proliferation (PubMed:15793576), May play a role in kidney injury and repair (By similarity)

Belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily, TIM family


This is E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF8 protein, from Sumatran orangutan, contains 486 amino acids, has 1 RING-type Zinc finger.

RING-type

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that plays a key role in DNA damage signaling via 2 distinct roles: by mediating the 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination of histones H2A and H2AX and promoting the recruitment of DNA repair proteins at double-strand breaks (DSBs) sites, and by catalyzing 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitination to remove target proteins from DNA damage sites, Following DNA DSBs, it is recruited to the sites of damage by ATM-phosphorylated MDC1 and catalyzes the 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination of histones H2A and H2AX, thereby promoting the formation of TP53BP1 and BRCA1 ionizing radiation-induced foci (IRIF), Also controls the recruitment of UIMC1-BRCC3 (RAP80-BRCC36) and PAXIP1/PTIP to DNA damage sites, Also recruited at DNA interstrand cross-links (ICLs) sites and catalyzes 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination of histones H2A and H2AX, leading to recruitment of FAAP20 and Fanconi anemia (FA) complex, followed by interstrand cross-link repair, H2A ubiquitination also mediates the ATM-dependent transcriptional silencing at regions flanking DSBs in cis, a mechanism to avoid collision between transcription and repair intermediates, Promotes the formation of 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains via interactions with the specific ubiquitin-conjugating UBE2N/UBC13 and ubiquitinates non-histone substrates such as PCNA, Substrates that are polyubiquitinated at 'Lys-63' are usually not targeted for degradation, Also catalyzes the formation of 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitin chains via interaction with the ubiquitin-conjugating UBE2L6/UBCH8, leading to degradation of substrate proteins such as CHEK2, JMJD2A/KDM4A and KU80/XRCC5: it is still unclear how the preference toward 'Lys-48'- versus 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitination is regulated but it could be due to RNF8 ability to interact with specific E2 specific ligases, For instance, interaction with phosphorylated HERC2 promotes the association between RNF8 and UBE2N/UBC13 and favors the specific formation of 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin chains, Promotes non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) by promoting the 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitination and degradation the of KU80/XRCC5, Following DNA damage, mediates the ubiquitination and degradation of JMJD2A/KDM4A in collaboration with RNF168, leading to unmask H4K20me2 mark and promote the recruitment of TP53BP1 at DNA damage sites (By similarity), Following DNA damage, mediates the ubiquitination and degradation of POLD4/p12, a subunit of DNA polymerase delta, In the absence of POLD4, DNA polymerase delta complex exhibits higher proofreading activity (By similarity), In addition to its function in damage signaling, also plays a role in higher-order chromatin structure by mediating extensive chromatin decondensation, Involved in the activation of ATM by promoting histone H2B ubiquitination, which indirectly triggers histone H4 'Lys-16' acetylation (H4K16ac), establishing a chromatin environment that promotes efficient activation of ATM kinase, Required in the testis, where it plays a role in the replacement of histones during spermatogenesis, At uncapped telomeres, promotes the joining of deprotected chromosome ends by inducing H2A ubiquitination and TP53BP1 recruitment, suggesting that it may enhance cancer development by aggravating telomere-induced genome instability in case of telomeric crisis, Promotes the assembly of RAD51 at DNA DSBs in the absence of BRCA1 and TP53BP1 Also involved in class switch recombination in immune system, via its role in regulation of DSBs repair, May be required for proper exit from mitosis after spindle checkpoint activation and may regulate cytokinesis, May play a role in the regulation of RXRA-mediated transcriptional activity, Not involved in RXRA ubiquitination by UBE2E2 (By similarity)


This is Protein kinase C iota type protein, from Sumatran orangutan, contains 596 amino acids, has 1 Phorbol-ester/DAG-type Zinc finger.

Phorbol-ester/DAG-type

Calcium- and diacylglycerol-independent serine/ threonine-protein kinase that plays a general protective role against apoptotic stimuli, is involved in NF-kappa-B activation, cell survival, differentiation and polarity, and contributes to the regulation of microtubule dynamics in the early secretory pathway, Is necessary for BCR-ABL oncogene-mediated resistance to apoptotic drug in leukemia cells, protecting leukemia cells against drug-induced apoptosis, In cultured neurons, prevents amyloid beta protein-induced apoptosis by interrupting cell death process at a very early step, In glioblastoma cells, may function downstream of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI(3)K) and PDPK1 in the promotion of cell survival by phosphorylating and inhibiting the pro-apoptotic factor BAD, Can form a protein complex in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells with PARD6A and ECT2 and regulate ECT2 oncogenic activity by phosphorylation, which in turn promotes transformed growth and invasion, In response to nerve growth factor (NGF), acts downstream of SRC to phosphorylate and activate IRAK1, allowing the subsequent activation of NF-kappa-B and neuronal cell survival, Functions in the organization of the apical domain in epithelial cells by phosphorylating EZR, This step is crucial for activation and normal distribution of EZR at the early stages of intestinal epithelial cell differentiation, Forms a protein complex with LLGL1 and PARD6B independently of PARD3 to regulate epithelial cell polarity, Plays a role in microtubule dynamics in the early secretory pathway through interaction with RAB2A and GAPDH and recruitment to vesicular tubular clusters (VTCs), In human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAEC), is activated by saturated fatty acids and mediates lipid-induced apoptosis (By similarity), Involved in early synaptic long term potentiation phase in CA1 hippocampal cells and short term memory formation (By similarity)


This is E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase Praja-2 protein, from Sumatran orangutan, contains 708 amino acids, has 1 RING-type; atypical Zinc finger.

RING-type; atypical

Has E2-dependent E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity, Responsible for ubiquitination of cAMP-dependent protein kinase type I and type II-alpha/beta regulatory subunits and for targeting them for proteasomal degradation, Essential for PKA-mediated long-term memory processes, Through the ubiquitination of MFHAS1, positively regulates the TLR2 signaling pathway that leads to the activation of the downstream p38 and JNK MAP kinases and promotes the polarization of macrophages toward the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype, Plays a role in ciliogenesis by ubiquitinating OFD1


This is RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase protein, from Sumatran orangutan, contains 648 amino acids, has 1 Phorbol-ester/DAG-type Zinc finger.

Phorbol-ester/DAG-type

Serine/threonine-protein kinase that acts as a regulatory link between the membrane-associated Ras GTPases and the MAPK/ERK cascade, and this critical regulatory link functions as a switch determining cell fate decisions including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, survival and oncogenic transformation, RAF1 activation initiates a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade that comprises a sequential phosphorylation of the dual-specific MAPK kinases (MAP2K1/MEK1 and MAP2K2/MEK2) and the extracellular signal-regulated kinases (MAPK3/ERK1 and MAPK1/ERK2), The phosphorylated form of RAF1 (on residues Ser-338 and Ser-339, by PAK1) phosphorylates BAD/Bcl2-antagonist of cell death at 'Ser-75', Phosphorylates adenylyl cyclases: ADCY2, ADCY5 and ADCY6, resulting in their activation, Phosphorylates PPP1R12A resulting in inhibition of the phosphatase activity, Phosphorylates TNNT2/cardiac muscle troponin T, Can promote NF-kB activation and inhibit signal transducers involved in motility (ROCK2), apoptosis (MAP3K5/ASK1 and STK3/MST2), proliferation and angiogenesis (RB1), Can protect cells from apoptosis also by translocating to the mitochondria where it binds BCL2 and displaces BAD/Bcl2-antagonist of cell death, Regulates Rho signaling and migration, and is required for normal wound healing, Plays a role in the oncogenic transformation of epithelial cells via repression of the TJ protein, occludin (OCLN) by inducing the up-regulation of a transcriptional repressor SNAI2/SLUG, which induces down-regulation of OCLN, Restricts caspase activation in response to selected stimuli, notably Fas stimulation, pathogen-mediated macrophage apoptosis, and erythroid differentiation (By similarity)

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily, TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family, RAF subfamily


This is Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 20 protein, from Sumatran orangutan, contains 913 amino acids, has 1 UBP-type Zinc finger.

UBP-type

Deubiquitinating enzyme that plays a role in many cellular processes including autophagy, cellular antiviral response or membrane protein biogenesis, Attenuates TLR4-mediated NF-kappa-B signaling by cooperating with beta-arrestin-2/ARRB2 and inhibiting TRAF6 autoubiquitination, Promotes cellular antiviral responses by deconjugating 'Lys-33' and 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitination of STING1 leading to its stabilization, Plays an essential role in autophagy induction by regulating the ULK1 stability through deubiquitination of ULK1, Acts as a positive regulator for NF-kappa-B activation by TNF-alpha through deubiquitinating 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination of SQSTM1, leading to its increased stability, Acts as a regulator of G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling by mediating the deubiquitination beta-2 adrenergic receptor (ADRB2), Plays a central role in ADRB2 recycling and resensitization after prolonged agonist stimulation by constitutively binding ADRB2, mediating deubiquitination of ADRB2 and inhibiting lysosomal trafficking of ADRB2, Upon dissociation, it is probably transferred to the translocated beta-arrestins, possibly leading to beta-arrestins deubiquitination and disengagement from ADRB2, This suggests the existence of a dynamic exchange between the ADRB2 and beta-arrestins, Deubiquitinates DIO2, thereby regulating thyroid hormone regulation, Deubiquitinates HIF1A, leading to stabilize HIF1A and enhance HIF1A-mediated activity, Deubiquitinates MCL1, a pivotal member of the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein family to regulate its stability, Within the endoplasmic reticulum, participates with USP33 in the rescue of post-translationally targeted membrane proteins that are inappropriately ubiquitinated by the cytosolic protein quality control in the cytosol

Belongs to the peptidase C19 family, USP20/USP33 subfamily


This is Coxsackievirus and adenovirus receptor homolog protein, from Sumatran orangutan, contains 365 amino acids, has 2 Ig-like C2-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like C2-type

Ig-like C2-type

Component of the epithelial apical junction complex that may function as a homophilic cell adhesion molecule and is essential for tight junction integrity, Also involved in transepithelial migration of leukocytes through adhesive interactions with JAML a transmembrane protein of the plasma membrane of leukocytes, The interaction between both receptors also mediates the activation of gamma-delta T-cells, a subpopulation of T-cells residing in epithelia and involved in tissue homeostasis and repair, Upon epithelial CXADR-binding, JAML induces downstream cell signaling events in gamma-delta T-cells through PI3-kinase and MAP kinases, It results in proliferation and production of cytokines and growth factors by T-cells that in turn stimulate epithelial tissues repair (By similarity)


This is E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase NRDP1 protein, from Sumatran orangutan, contains 317 amino acids, has 1 RING-type; degenerate Zinc finger, has 1 SIAH-type; degenerate Zinc finger.

RING-type; degenerate

SIAH-type; degenerate

Acts as E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase and regulates the degradation of target proteins, Polyubiquitinates MYD88, Negatively regulates MYD88-dependent production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, Can promote TRIF-dependent production of type I interferon and inhibits infection with vesicular stomatitis virus, Promotes also activation of TBK1 and IRF3, Involved in the ubiquitination of erythropoietin (EPO) and interleukin-3 (IL-3) receptors, Thus, through maintaining basal levels of cytokine receptors, RNF41 is involved in the control of hematopoietic progenitor cell differentiation into myeloerythroid lineages, Contributes to the maintenance of steady-state ERBB3 levels by mediating its growth factor-independent degradation, Involved in the degradation of the inhibitor of apoptosis BIRC6 and thus is an important regulator of cell death by promoting apoptosis, Acts also as a PRKN modifier that accelerates its degradation, resulting in a reduction of PRKN activity, influencing the balance of intracellular redox state, The RNF41-PRKN pathway regulates autophagosome-lysosome fusion during late mitophagy, Mitophagy is a selective form of autophagy necessary for mitochondrial quality control


This is Transcription initiation factor IIB protein, from Sumatran orangutan, contains 316 amino acids, has 1 TFIIB-type Zinc finger.

TFIIB-type

General transcription factor that plays a role in transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II (Pol II), Involved in the pre-initiation complex (PIC) formation and Pol II recruitment at promoter DNA, Together with the TATA box-bound TBP forms the core initiation complex and provides a bridge between TBP and the Pol II-TFIIF complex, Released from the PIC early following the onset of transcription during the initiation and elongation transition and reassociates with TBP during the next transcription cycle, Associates with chromatin to core promoter-specific regions, Binds to two distinct DNA core promoter consensus sequence elements in a TBP-independent manner; these IIB-recognition elements (BREs) are localized immediately upstream (BREu), 5'-[GC][GC][GA]CGCC-3', and downstream (BREd), 5'-[GA]T[TGA][TG][GT][TG][TG]-3', of the TATA box element, Modulates transcription start site selection, Exhibits also autoacetyltransferase activity that contributes to the activated transcription


This is E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RING2 protein, from Sumatran orangutan, contains 336 amino acids, has 1 RING-type Zinc finger.

RING-type

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that mediates monoubiquitination of 'Lys-119' of histone H2A (H2AK119Ub), thereby playing a central role in histone code and gene regulation, H2AK119Ub gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression and participates in X chromosome inactivation of female mammals, May be involved in the initiation of both imprinted and random X inactivation, Essential component of a Polycomb group (PcG) multiprotein PRC1-like complex, a complex class required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of many genes, including Hox genes, throughout development, PcG PRC1 complex acts via chromatin remodeling and modification of histones, rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility, E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity is enhanced by BMI1/PCGF4, Acts as the main E3 ubiquitin ligase on histone H2A of the PRC1 complex, while RING1 may rather act as a modulator of RNF2/RING2 activity, Plays a role in the transcriptional repression of genes that are required for pluripotency in embryonic stem cells, thereby contributing to differentiation of the ectodermal and endodermal germ layers, Association with the chromosomal DNA is cell-cycle dependent, In resting B- and T-lymphocytes, interaction with AURKB leads to block its activity, thereby maintaining transcription in resting lymphocytes, Also acts as a negative regulator of autophagy by mediating ubiquitination of AMBRA1, leading to its subsequent degradation


This is Glucocorticoid receptor protein, from Sumatran orangutan, contains 777 amino acids, has 2 NR C4-type Zinc finger.

NR C4-type

NR C4-type

Receptor for glucocorticoids (GC), Has a dual mode of action: as a transcription factor that binds to glucocorticoid response elements (GRE), both for nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, and as a modulator of other transcription factors, Affects inflammatory responses, cellular proliferation and differentiation in target tissues, Involved in chromatin remodeling, Plays a role in rapid mRNA degradation by binding to the 5' UTR of target mRNAs and interacting with PNRC2 in a ligand-dependent manner which recruits the RNA helicase UPF1 and the mRNA-decapping enzyme DCP1A, leading to RNA decay, Could act as a coactivator for STAT5-dependent transcription upon growth hormone (GH) stimulation and could reveal an essential role of hepatic GR in the control of body growth, Mediates glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis, Promotes accurate chromosome segregation during mitosis, May act as a tumor suppressor, May play a negative role in adipogenesis through the regulation of lipolytic and antilipogenic gene expression


This is Nuclear receptor ROR-gamma protein, from Sumatran orangutan, contains 518 amino acids, has 2 NR C4-type Zinc finger.

NR C4-type

NR C4-type

Nuclear receptor that binds DNA as a monomer to ROR response elements (RORE) containing a single core motif half-site 5'-AGGTCA-3' preceded by a short A-T-rich sequence, Key regulator of cellular differentiation, immunity, peripheral circadian rhythm as well as lipid, steroid, xenobiotics and glucose metabolism, Considered to have intrinsic transcriptional activity, have some natural ligands like oxysterols that act as agonists (25-hydroxycholesterol) or inverse agonists (7-oxygenated sterols), enhancing or repressing the transcriptional activity, respectively, Recruits distinct combinations of cofactors to target gene regulatory regions to modulate their transcriptional expression, depending on the tissue, time and promoter contexts, Regulates the circadian expression of clock genes such as CRY1, BMAL1 and NR1D1 in peripheral tissues and in a tissue-selective manner, Competes with NR1D1 for binding to their shared DNA response element on some clock genes such as BMAL1, CRY1 and NR1D1 itself, resulting in NR1D1-mediated repression or RORC-mediated activation of the expression, leading to the circadian pattern of clock genes expression, Therefore influences the period length and stability of the clock, Involved in the regulation of the rhythmic expression of genes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism, including PLIN2 and AVPR1A, Negative regulator of adipocyte differentiation through the regulation of early phase genes expression, such as MMP3, Controls adipogenesis as well as adipocyte size and modulates insulin sensitivity in obesity, In liver, has specific and redundant functions with RORA as positive or negative modulator of expression of genes encoding phase I and Phase II proteins involved in the metabolism of lipids, steroids and xenobiotics, such as SULT1E1, Also plays a role in the regulation of hepatocyte glucose metabolism through the regulation of G6PC1 and PCK1, Essential for thymopoiesis and the development of several secondary lymphoid tissues, including lymph nodes and Peyer's patches, Required for the generation of LTi (lymphoid tissue inducer) cells, Regulates thymocyte survival through DNA-binding on ROREs of target gene promoter regions and recruitment of coactivaros via the AF-2, Also plays a key role, downstream of IL6 and TGFB and synergistically with RORA, for lineage specification of uncommitted CD4(+) T-helper (T(H)) cells into T(H)17 cells, antagonizing the T(H)1 program, Probably regulates IL17 and IL17F expression on T(H) by binding to the essential enhancer conserved non-coding sequence 2 (CNS2) in the IL17-IL17F locus, May also play a role in the pre-TCR activation cascade leading to the maturation of alpha/beta T-cells and may participate in the regulation of DNA accessibility in the TCR-J(alpha) locus, Regulates the rhythmic expression of PROX1 and promotes its nuclear localization, Plays an indispensable role in the induction of IFN-gamma dependent anti-mycobacterial systemic immunity (By similarity)


This is Sequestosome-1 protein, from Sumatran orangutan, contains 440 amino acids, has 1 ZZ-type Zinc finger.

ZZ-type

Autophagy receptor required for selective macroautophagy (aggrephagy), Functions as a bridge between polyubiquitinated cargo and autophagosomes, Interacts directly with both the cargo to become degraded and an autophagy modifier of the MAP1 LC3 family, Along with WDFY3, involved in the formation and autophagic degradation of cytoplasmic ubiquitin-containing inclusions (p62 bodies, ALIS/aggresome-like induced structures), Along with WDFY3, required to recruit ubiquitinated proteins to PML bodies in the nucleus, Also involved in autophagy of peroxisomes (pexophagy) in response to reactive oxygen species (ROS) by acting as a bridge between ubiquitinated PEX5 receptor and autophagosomes (By similarity), May regulate the activation of NFKB1 by TNF-alpha, nerve growth factor (NGF) and interleukin-1, May play a role in titin/TTN downstream signaling in muscle cells, May regulate signaling cascades through ubiquitination, Adapter that mediates the interaction between TRAF6 and CYLD (By similarity), May be involved in cell differentiation, apoptosis, immune response and regulation of K(+) channels, Involved in endosome organization by retaining vesicles in the perinuclear cloud: following ubiquitination by RNF26, attracts specific vesicle-associated adapters, forming a molecular bridge that restrains cognate vesicles in the perinuclear region and organizes the endosomal pathway for efficient cargo transport, Promotes relocalization of 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitinated STING1 to autophagosomes, Acts as an activator of the NFE2L2/NRF2 pathway via interaction with KEAP1: interaction inactivates the BCR(KEAP1) complex, promoting nuclear accumulation of NFE2L2/NRF2 and subsequent expression of cytoprotective genes (By similarity), Sequesters tensin TNS2 into cytoplasmic puncta, promoting TNS2 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation (By similarity)


This is Histone acetyltransferase KAT5 protein, from Sumatran orangutan, contains 461 amino acids, has 1 C2HC MYST-type Zinc finger.

C2HC MYST-type

Catalytic subunit of the NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex, a multiprotein complex involved in transcriptional activation of select genes principally by acetylation of nucleosomal histones H2A and H4, Histone acetylation alters nucleosome-DNA interactions and promotes interaction of the modified histones with other proteins which positively regulate transcription, The NuA4 histone acetyltransferase complex is required for the activation of transcriptional programs associated with proto-oncogene mediated growth induction, tumor suppressor mediated growth arrest and replicative senescence, apoptosis, and DNA repair, The NuA4 complex plays a direct role in repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) by promoting homologous recombination (HR): the complex inhibits TP53BP1 binding to chromatin via MBTD1, which recognizes and binds histone H4 trimethylated at 'Lys-20' (H4K20me), and KAT5 that catalyzes acetylation of 'Lys-15' of histone H2A (H2AK15ac), thereby blocking the ubiquitination mark required for TP53BP1 localization at DNA breaks, Also involved in DSB repair by mediating acetylation of 'Lys-5' of histone H2AX (H2AXK5ac), promoting NBN/NBS1 assembly at the sites of DNA damage (By similarity), The NuA4 complex plays a key role in hematopoietic stem cell maintenance and is required to maintain acetylated H2A,Z/H2AZ1 at MYC target genes, The NuA4 complex is also required for spermatid development by promoting acetylation of histones: histone hyperacetylation is required for histone replacement during the transition from round to elongating spermatids (By similarity), Component of a SWR1-like complex that specifically mediates the removal of histone H2A,Z/H2AZ1 from the nucleosome, Also acetylates non-histone proteins, such as BMAL1, ATM, AURKB, CHKA, CGAS, ERCC4/XPF, LPIN1, NDC80/HEC1, NR1D2, RAN, SOX4, FOXP3, ULK1 and RUBCNL/Pacer, Directly acetylates and activates ATM, Promotes nucleotide excision repair (NER) by mediating acetylation of ERCC4/XPF, thereby promoting formation of the ERCC4-ERCC1 complex, Relieves NR1D2-mediated inhibition of APOC3 expression by acetylating NR1D2, Acts as a regulator of regulatory T-cells (Treg) by catalyzing FOXP3 acetylation, thereby promoting FOXP3 transcriptional repressor activity, Involved in skeletal myoblast differentiation by mediating acetylation of SOX4, Catalyzes acetylation of APBB1/FE65, increasing its transcription activator activity (By similarity), Promotes transcription elongation during the activation phase of the circadian cycle by catalyzing acetylation of BMAL1, promoting elongation of circadian transcripts (By similarity), Together with GSK3 (GSK3A or GSK3B), acts as a regulator of autophagy: phosphorylated at Ser-86 by GSK3 under starvation conditions, leading to activate acetyltransferase activity and promote acetylation of key autophagy regulators, such as ULK1 and RUBCNL/Pacer, Acts as a regulator of the cGAS-STING innate antiviral response by catalyzing acetylation the N-terminus of CGAS, thereby promoting CGAS DNA-binding and activation, Also regulates lipid metabolism by mediating acetylation of CHKA or LPIN1, Promotes lipolysis of lipid droplets following glucose deprivation by mediating acetylation of isoform 1 of CHKA, thereby promoting monomerization of CHKA and its conversion into a tyrosine-protein kinase, Acts as a regulator of fatty-acid-induced triacylglycerol synthesis by catalyzing acetylation of LPIN1, thereby promoting the synthesis of diacylglycerol, In addition to protein acetyltransferase, can use different acyl-CoA substrates, such as (2E)-butenoyl-CoA (crotonyl-CoA) and 2-hydroxyisobutanoyl-CoA (2-hydroxyisobutyryl-CoA), and is able to mediate protein crotonylation and 2-hydroxyisobutyrylation, respectively, Acts as a key regulator of chromosome segregation and kinetochore-microtubule attachment during mitosis by mediating acetylation or crotonylation of target proteins, Catalyzes acetylation of AURKB at kinetochores, increasing AURKB activity and promoting accurate chromosome segregation in mitosis, Acetylates RAN during mitosis, promoting microtubule assembly at mitotic chromosomes, Acetylates NDC80/HEC1 during mitosis, promoting robust kinetochore-microtubule attachment, Catalyzes crotonylation of MAPRE1/EB1, thereby ensuring accurate spindle positioning in mitosis (By similarity)


This is E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase SH3RF1 protein, from Sumatran orangutan, contains 888 amino acids, has 1 RING-type Zinc finger.

RING-type

Has E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase activity, In the absence of an external substrate, it can catalyze self-ubiquitination, Stimulates ubiquitination of potassium channel KCNJ1, enhancing it's dynamin-dependent and clathrin-independent endocytosis, Acts as a scaffold protein that coordinates with MAPK8IP1/JIP1 in organizing different components of the JNK pathway, including RAC1 or RAC2, MAP3K11/MLK3 or MAP3K7/TAK1, MAP2K7/MKK7, MAPK8/JNK1 and/or MAPK9/JNK2 into a functional multiprotein complex to ensure the effective activation of the JNK signaling pathway, Regulates the differentiation of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T-cells and promotes T-helper 1 (Th1) cell differentiation, Regulates the activation of MAPK8/JNK1 and MAPK9/JNK2 in CD4(+) T-cells and the activation of MAPK8/JNK1 in CD8(+) T-cells, Controls proper cortical neuronal migration and the formation of proximal cytoplasmic dilation in the leading process (PCDLP) in migratory neocortical neurons by regulating the proper localization of activated RAC1 and F-actin assembly


This is E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF13 protein, from Sumatran orangutan, contains 381 amino acids, has 1 RING-type; atypical Zinc finger.

RING-type; atypical

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that regulates cell proliferation, Involved in apoptosis regulation, Mediates ER stress-induced activation of JNK signaling pathway and apoptosis by promoting ERN1 activation and splicing of XBP1 mRNA, Also involved in protein trafficking and localization


This is Ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 33 protein, from Sumatran orangutan, contains 914 amino acids, has 1 UBP-type Zinc finger.

UBP-type

Deubiquitinating enzyme involved in various processes such as centrosome duplication, cellular migration and beta-2 adrenergic receptor/ADRB2 recycling, Involved in regulation of centrosome duplication by mediating deubiquitination of CCP110 in S and G2/M phase, leading to stabilize CCP110 during the period which centrioles duplicate and elongate, Involved in cell migration via its interaction with intracellular domain of ROBO1, leading to regulate the Slit signaling, Plays a role in commissural axon guidance cross the ventral midline of the neural tube in a Slit-dependent manner, possibly by mediating the deubiquitination of ROBO1, Acts as a regulator of G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling by mediating the deubiquitination of beta-arrestins (ARRB1 and ARRB2) and beta-2 adrenergic receptor (ADRB2), Plays a central role in ADRB2 recycling and resensitization after prolonged agonist stimulation by constitutively binding ADRB2, mediating deubiquitination of ADRB2 and inhibiting lysosomal trafficking of ADRB2, Upon dissociation, it is probably transferred to the translocated beta-arrestins, leading to beta-arrestins deubiquitination and disengagement from ADRB2, This suggests the existence of a dynamic exchange between the ADRB2 and beta-arrestins, Deubiquitinates DIO2, thereby regulating thyroid hormone regulation, Mediates deubiquitination of both 'Lys-48'- and 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains (By similarity)


This is N-lysine methyltransferase SMYD2-B protein, from Zebrafish, contains 434 amino acids, has 1 MYND-type Zinc finger.

MYND-type

Protein-lysine N-methyltransferase that methylates both histones and non-histone proteins, including p53/TP53 and RB1, Specifically trimethylates histone H3 'Lys-4' (H3K4me3) in vivo, The activity requires interaction with HSP90alpha, Shows even higher methyltransferase activity on p53/TP53, Monomethylates 'Lys-370' of p53/TP53, leading to decreased DNA-binding activity and subsequent transcriptional regulation activity of p53/TP53, Monomethylates RB1 at 'Lys-860'

Belongs to the class V-like SAM-binding methyltransferase superfamily


This is Lysine-specific demethylase 7A protein, from Zebrafish, contains 875 amino acids, has 1 PHD-type Zinc finger.

PHD-type

Histone demethylase required for brain development, Specifically demethylates dimethylated 'Lys-9' and 'Lys-27' (H3K9me2 and H3K27me2, respectively) of histone H3 and monomethylated histone H4 'Lys-20' residue (H4K20Me1), thereby playing a central role in histone code (By similarity)

Belongs to the JHDM1 histone demethylase family, JHDM1D subfamily


This is Optineurin protein, from Zebrafish, contains 517 amino acids, has 1 CCHC NOA-type Zinc finger.

CCHC NOA-type

Probably part of the TNF-alpha signaling pathway that can shift the equilibrium toward induction of cell death, May act by regulating membrane trafficking and cellular morphogenesis


This is G2/M phase-specific E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase protein, from Mouse, contains 716 amino acids, has 1 C2HC pre-PHD-type Zinc finger, has 2 PHD-type Zinc finger, has 1 PHD-type 2; degenerate Zinc finger.

C2HC pre-PHD-type

PHD-type

PHD-type 2; degenerate

PHD-type

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which accepts ubiquitin from an E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme in the form of a thioester and then directly transfers the ubiquitin to targeted substrates (By similarity), Required for prevention of apoptotic death in early embryogenesis


This is E3 ubiquitin-protein transferase MAEA protein, from Rat, contains 396 amino acids, has 1 RING-Gid-type Zinc finger.

RING-Gid-type

Core component of the CTLH E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex that selectively accepts ubiquitin from UBE2H and mediates ubiquitination and subsequent proteasomal degradation of the transcription factor HBP1, MAEA and RMND5A are both required for catalytic activity of the CTLH E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex, MAEA is required for normal cell proliferation, The CTLH E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase complex is not required for the degradation of enzymes involved in gluconeogenesis, such as FBP1 (By similarity), Plays a role in erythroblast enucleation during erythrocyte maturation and in the development of mature macrophages (By similarity), Mediates the attachment of erythroid cell to mature macrophages; this MAEA-mediated contact inhibits erythroid cell apoptosis (By similarity), Participates in erythroblastic island formation, which is the functional unit of definitive erythropoiesis, Associates with F-actin to regulate actin distribution in erythroblasts and macrophages (By similarity), May contribute to nuclear architecture and cells division events (By similarity)


This is Immunoglobulin superfamily containing leucine-rich repeat protein 2 protein, from Mouse, contains 745 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like

Required for axon extension during neural development


This is N-acetyltransferase ESCO2 protein, from Zebrafish, contains 609 amino acids, has 1 CCHH-type Zinc finger.

CCHH-type

Acetyltransferase required for the establishment of sister chromatid cohesion, Couples the processes of cohesion and DNA replication to ensure that only sister chromatids become paired together (By similarity), Essential for early development (PubMed:15256591)


This is Lymphocyte antigen 6 complex locus protein G6f protein, from Human, contains 297 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like V-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like V-type

May play a role in the downstream signal transduction pathways involving GRB2 and GRB7


This is Histone deacetylase complex subunit SAP30L protein, from Mouse, contains 182 amino acids, has 1 Atypical Zinc finger.

Atypical

Functions as transcription repressor, probably via its interaction with histone deacetylase complexes, Involved in the functional recruitment of the class 1 Sin3-histone deacetylase complex (HDAC) to the nucleolus, Binds DNA, apparently without sequence-specificity, and bends bound double-stranded DNA, Binds phosphoinositol phosphates (phosphoinositol 3-phosphate, phosphoinositol 4-phosphate and phosphoinositol 5-phosphate) via the same basic sequence motif that mediates DNA binding and nuclear import


This is E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase ZNRF3 protein, from Mouse, contains 913 amino acids, has 1 RING-type; atypical Zinc finger.

RING-type; atypical

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that acts as a negative regulator of the Wnt signaling pathway by mediating the ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of Wnt receptor complex components Frizzled and LRP6, Acts on both canonical and non-canonical Wnt signaling pathway, Acts as a tumor suppressor in the intestinal stem cell zone by inhibiting the Wnt signaling pathway, thereby restricting the size of the intestinal stem cell zone (PubMed:22575959, PubMed:22895187), Along with RSPO2 and RNF43, constitutes a master switch that governs limb specification (By similarity)


This is Histone acetyltransferase KAT7 protein, from Mouse, contains 613 amino acids, has 1 CCHHC-type Zinc finger, has 1 C2HC MYST-type Zinc finger.

CCHHC-type

C2HC MYST-type

Plays a central role in the maintenance of leukemia stem cells in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (PubMed:31827282), Acts by mediating acetylation of histone H3 at 'Lys-14' (H3K14ac), thereby facilitating the processivity of RNA polymerase II to maintain the high expression of key genes, such as HOXA9 and HOXA10 that help to sustain the functional properties of leukemia stem cells (PubMed:31827282)


This is RING finger protein 145 protein, from Mouse, contains 663 amino acids, has 1 RING-type; atypical Zinc finger.

RING-type; atypical

E3 ubiquitin ligase that catalyzes the direct transfer of ubiquitin from E2 ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme to a specific substrate, In response to bacterial infection, negatively regulates the phagocyte oxidative burst by controlling the turnover of the NADPH oxidase complex subunits, Promotes monoubiquitination of CYBA and 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination and degradation of CYBB NADPH oxidase catalytic subunits, both essential for the generation of antimicrobial reactive oxygen species (PubMed:26194095), Involved in the maintenance of cholesterol homeostasis, In response to high sterol concentrations ubiquitinates HMGCR, a rate-limiting enzyme in cholesterol biosynthesis, and targets it for degradation, The interaction with INSIG1 is required for this function (PubMed:29374057), In addition, triggers ubiquitination of SCAP, likely inhibiting its transport to the Golgi apparatus and the subsequent processing/maturation of SREBPF2, ultimately down-regulating cholesterol biosynthesis (PubMed:29068315)


This is Mitochondrial cardiolipin hydrolase protein, from Mouse, contains 221 amino acids, has 1 C3H1-type; atypical Zinc finger.

C3H1-type; atypical

Presents phospholipase and nuclease activities, depending on the different physiological conditions, Interaction with Mitoguardin (MIGA1 or MIGA2) affects the dimer conformation, facilitating the lipase activity over the nuclease activity, Plays a key role in mitochondrial fusion and fission via its phospholipase activity, In its phospholipase role, it uses the mitochondrial lipid cardiolipin as substrate to generate phosphatidate (PA or 1,2-diacyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphate), a second messenger signaling lipid, Production of PA facilitates Mitofusin-mediated fusion, whereas the cleavage of PA by the Lipin family of phosphatases produces diacylgycerol (DAG) which promotes mitochondrial fission, Both Lipin and DAG regulate mitochondrial dynamics and membrane fusion/fission, important processes for adapting mitochondrial metabolism to changes in cell physiology, Mitochondrial fusion enables cells to cope with the increased nucleotide demand during DNA synthesis (By similarity), Mitochondrial function and dynamics are closely associated with biological processes such as cell growth, proliferation, and differentiation (PubMed:21397848), Mediator of MYC activity, promotes mitochondrial fusion and activates AMPK which in turn inhibits YAP/TAZ, thereby inducing cell growth and proliferation (PubMed:26678338), The endonuclease activity plays a critical role in PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA) biogenesis during spermatogenesis (PubMed:21397847, PubMed:21397848), Implicated in spermatogenesis and sperm fertility in testicular germ cells, its single strand-specific nuclease activity is critical for the biogenesis/maturation of PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA) (PubMed:21397847, PubMed:23064230, PubMed:23064227), MOV10L1 selectively binds to piRNA precursors and funnels them to the endonuclease that catalyzes the first cleavage step of piRNA processing to generate piRNA intermediate fragments that are subsequently loaded to Piwi proteins (PubMed:25762440), Cleaves either DNA or RNA substrates with similar affinity, producing a 5' phosphate end, in this way it participates in the processing of primary piRNA transcripts, piRNAs provide essential protection against the activity of mobile genetic elements, piRNA-mediated transposon silencing is thus critical for maintaining genome stability, in particular in germline cells when transposons are mobilized as a consequence of wide-spread genomic demethylation (PubMed:23064230, PubMed:23064227), PA may act as signaling molecule in the recognition/transport of the precursor RNAs of primary piRNAs (PubMed:21397847), Interacts with tesmin in testes, suggesting a role in spermatogenesis via association with its interacting partner (PubMed:33783608)

Belongs to the phospholipase D family, MitoPLD/Zucchini subfamily


This is Zinc finger protein 496 protein, from Mouse, contains 585 amino acids, has 1 C2H2-type 1; degenerate Zinc finger, has 4 C2H2-type Zinc finger.

C2H2-type 1; degenerate

DNA-binding transcription factor that can both act as an activator and a repressor


This is E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase TRIM38 protein, from Mouse, contains 471 amino acids, has 1 RING-type Zinc finger, has 1 B box-type Zinc finger.

RING-type

B box-type

E3 ubiquitin-protein and E3 SUMO-protein ligase that acts as a regulator of innate immunity (PubMed:22539786, PubMed:26392463, PubMed:27637147), Acts as a negative regulator of type I interferon IFN-beta production by catalyzing 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination of AZI2/NAP1, leading to its degradation (PubMed:22539786), Mediates 'Lys-48'-linked polyubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of the critical TLR adapter TICAM1, inhibiting TLR3-mediated type I interferon signaling (PubMed:26392463), Acts as positive regulator of the cGAS-STING pathway by acting as a E3 SUMO-protein ligase: mediates sumoylation of CGAS and STING, preventing their degradation and thereby activating the innate immune response to DNA virus (PubMed:27637147), Also acts as a negative regulator of NF-kappa-B signaling independently of its E3 protein ligase activity by promoting lysosome-dependent degradation of TAB2 and TAB3 adapters (By similarity)


This is E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase MARCHF8 protein, from Human, contains 291 amino acids, has 1 RING-CH-type Zinc finger.

RING-CH-type

(Microbial infection) Mediates 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitination of hepatitis C virus/HCV protein NS2 which allows its binding to HGS, an ESCRT-0 complex component, and this interaction is essential for HCV envelopment


This is E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase DCST1 protein, from Human, contains 706 amino acids, has 1 RING-type; degenerate Zinc finger.

RING-type; degenerate

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase which mediates 'Lys-48'-linked ubiquitination of STAT2 and induces its proteasomal degradation thereby negatively regulating type-I-interferon signaling, Essential sperm cell-surface protein required for sperm-egg fusion and fertilization (By similarity)


This is Probable ATP-dependent RNA helicase DDX59 protein, from Human, contains 619 amino acids, has 1 HIT-type Zinc finger.

HIT-type

Belongs to the DEAD box helicase family, DDX59 subfamily


This is Trem-like transcript 2 protein protein, from Human, contains 321 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like V-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like V-type

Cell surface receptor that may play a role in the innate and adaptive immune response, Acts as a counter-receptor for CD276 and interaction with CD276 on T-cells enhances T-cell activation


This is Protrudin protein, from Human, contains 411 amino acids, has 1 FYVE-type Zinc finger.

FYVE-type

Key regulator of RAB11-dependent vesicular trafficking during neurite extension through polarized membrane transport (PubMed:17082457), Promotes axonal elongation and contributes to the establishment of neuronal cell polarity (By similarity), Involved in nerve growth factor-induced neurite formation in VAPA-dependent manner (PubMed:19289470), Contributes to both the formation and stabilization of the tubular ER network (PubMed:24668814), Involved in ER morphogenesis by regulating the sheet-to-tubule balance and possibly the density of tubule interconnections (PubMed:23969831), Acts as an adapter protein and facilitates the interaction of KIF5A with VAPA, VAPB, SURF4, RAB11A, RAB11B and RTN3 and the ZFYVE27-KIF5A complex contributes to the transport of these proteins in neurons, Can induce formation of neurite-like membrane protrusions in non-neuronal cells in a KIF5A/B-dependent manner (PubMed:21976701)


This is Zinc finger protein 648 protein, from Human, contains 568 amino acids, has 10 C2H2-type Zinc finger.

May be involved in transcriptional regulation


This is PHD finger protein 19 protein, from Human, contains 580 amino acids, has 2 PHD-type Zinc finger.

PHD-type

PHD-type

Polycomb group (PcG) protein that specifically binds histone H3 trimethylated at 'Lys-36' (H3K36me3) and recruits the PRC2 complex, thus enhancing PRC2 H3K27me3 methylation activity (PubMed:15563832, PubMed:18691976, PubMed:23160351, PubMed:23228662, PubMed:23273982, PubMed:29499137, PubMed:23104054, PubMed:31959557), Probably involved in the transition from an active state to a repressed state in embryonic stem cells: acts by binding to H3K36me3, a mark for transcriptional activation, and recruiting H3K36me3 histone demethylases RIOX1 or KDM2B, leading to demethylation of H3K36 and recruitment of the PRC2 complex that mediates H3K27me3 methylation, followed by de novo silencing (PubMed:23160351), Recruits the PRC2 complex to CpG islands and contributes to embryonic stem cell self-renewal, Also binds histone H3 dimethylated at 'Lys-36' (H3K36me2) (PubMed:23104054), Isoform 1 and isoform 2 inhibit transcription from an HSV-tk promoter (PubMed:15563832)


This is Zinc finger protein 618 protein, from Human, contains 954 amino acids, has 4 C2H2-type Zinc finger.

Regulates UHRF2 function as a specific 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) reader by regulating its chromatin localization


This is E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF187 protein, from Human, contains 235 amino acids, has 1 RING-type Zinc finger.

RING-type

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that acts as a coactivator of JUN-mediated gene activation in response to growth factor signaling via the MAP3K1 pathway, independently from MAPK8


This is Four and a half LIM domains protein 5 protein, from Human, contains 284 amino acids, has 1 C4-type Zinc finger.

May be involved in the regulation of spermatogenesis, Stimulates CREM transcriptional activity in a phosphorylation-independent manner


This is E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RING1 protein, from Dog, contains 406 amino acids, has 1 RING-type Zinc finger.

RING-type

Constitutes one of the E3 ubiquitin-protein ligases that mediate monoubiquitination of 'Lys-119' of histone H2A, thereby playing a central role in histone code and gene regulation, H2A 'Lys-119' ubiquitination gives a specific tag for epigenetic transcriptional repression and participates in X chromosome inactivation of female mammals, Essential component of a Polycomb group (PcG) multiprotein PRC1-like complex, a complex class required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of many genes, including Hox genes, throughout development, PcG PRC1 complex acts via chromatin remodeling and modification of histones, rendering chromatin heritably changed in its expressibility, Compared to RNF2/RING2, it does not have the main E3 ubiquitin ligase activity on histone H2A, and it may rather act as a modulator of RNF2/RING2 activity (By similarity)


This is TGF-beta-activated kinase 1 and MAP3K7-binding protein 2 protein, from Rat, contains 693 amino acids, has 1 RanBP2-type Zinc finger.

Adapter required to activate the JNK and NF-kappa-B signaling pathways through the specific recognition of 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains by its RanBP2-type zinc finger (NZF), Acts as an adapter linking MAP3K7/TAK1 and TRAF6 to 'Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains, The RanBP2-type zinc finger (NZF) specifically recognizes Lys-63'-linked polyubiquitin chains unanchored or anchored to the substrate proteins such as RIPK1/RIP1 and RIPK2: this acts as a scaffold to organize a large signaling complex to promote autophosphorylation of MAP3K7/TAK1, and subsequent activation of I-kappa-B-kinase (IKK) core complex by MAP3K7/TAK1 (By similarity), Regulates the IL1-mediated translocation of NCOR1 out of the nucleus (By similarity), Involved in heart development (By similarity)


This is RNA-binding E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase MEX3C protein, from Human, contains 659 amino acids, has 1 RING-type Zinc finger.

RING-type

E3 ubiquitin ligase responsible for the post-transcriptional regulation of common HLA-A allotypes, Binds to the 3' UTR of HLA-A2 mRNA, and regulates its levels by promoting mRNA decay, RNA binding is sufficient to prevent translation, but ubiquitin ligase activity is required for mRNA degradation


This is BRCA1-A complex subunit RAP80 protein, from Mouse, contains 727 amino acids, has 1 UBZ4-type Zinc finger.

Ubiquitin-binding protein, Specifically recognizes and binds 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin (PubMed:19536136), Plays a central role in the BRCA1-A complex by specifically binding 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitinated histones H2A and H2AX at DNA lesions sites, leading to target the BRCA1-BARD1 heterodimer to sites of DNA damage at double-strand breaks (DSBs), The BRCA1-A complex also possesses deubiquitinase activity that specifically removes 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin on histones H2A and H2AX, Also weakly binds monoubiquitin but with much less affinity than 'Lys-63'-linked ubiquitin, May interact with monoubiquitinated histones H2A and H2B; the relevance of such results is however unclear in vivo, Does not bind Lys-48'-linked ubiquitin, May indirectly act as a transcriptional repressor by inhibiting the interaction of NR6A1 with the corepressor NCOR1 (By similarity)


This is Cell surface glycoprotein CD200 receptor 3 protein, from Mouse, contains 296 amino acids, has 1 Ig-like V-type Immunoglobulin domain, has 1 Ig-like C2-type Immunoglobulin domain.

Ig-like V-type

Ig-like C2-type

According to PubMed:15187158 isoform 4 is a receptor for the CD200 cell surface glycoprotein, According to PubMed:16081818 isoform 4 is not a receptor for the CD200/OX2 cell surface glycoprotein, Isoform 1, isoform 2 and isoform 3 are involved in the recruitment or surface expression of the TYROBP receptor, Isoform 6, isoform 7 and isoform 8 are not involved in the recruitment or surface expression of the TYROBP receptor


This is E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase RNF220 protein, from Human, contains 566 amino acids, has 1 RING-type Zinc finger.

RING-type

E3 ubiquitin-protein ligase that promotes the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of SIN3B (By similarity), Independently of its E3 ligase activity, acts as a CTNNB1 stabilizer through USP7-mediated deubiquitination of CTNNB1 promoting Wnt signaling (PubMed:25266658, PubMed:33964137), Plays a critical role in the regulation of nuclear lamina (PubMed:33964137)


This is Zinc finger protein Gfi-1b protein, from Human, contains 330 amino acids, has 6 C2H2-type Zinc finger.

Essential proto-oncogenic transcriptional regulator necessary for development and differentiation of erythroid and megakaryocytic lineages, Component of a RCOR-GFI-KDM1A-HDAC complex that suppresses, via histone deacetylase (HDAC) recruitment, a number of genes implicated in multilineage blood cell development and controls hematopoietic differentiation, Transcriptional repressor or activator depending on both promoter and cell type context; represses promoter activity of SOCS1 and SOCS3 and thus, may regulate cytokine signaling pathways, Cooperates with GATA1 to repress target gene transcription, such as the apoptosis regulator BCL2L1; GFI1B silencing in leukemic cell lines markedly increase apoptosis rate, Inhibits down-regulation of MYC and MYB as well as the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor CDKN1A/P21WAF1 in IL6-treated myelomonocytic cells, Represses expression of GATA3 in T-cell lymphomas and inhibits GATA1-mediated transcription; as GATA1 also mediates erythroid GFI1B transcription, both GATA1 and GFI1B participate in a feedback regulatory pathway controlling the expression of GFI1B gene in erythroid cells, Suppresses GATA1-mediated stimulation of GFI1B promoter through protein interaction, Binds to gamma-satellite DNA and to its own promoter, auto-repressing its own expression, Alters histone methylation by recruiting histone methyltransferase to target genes promoters, Plays a role in heterochromatin formation