[User]
I'd like to design a parametric hair clip that's shaped like a heart, using OpenSCAD. I've got a heart generator SCAD file that I've been playing with for 3d printed hearts, and I was hoping to extend it to make the clip. The heart generator I've got makes a solid, stylized heart shape using an elliptical profile. It uses parameters for thickness, height, a layer factor, and a tip sharpness factor to define the shape.

Here’s the thing: the clip needs to have a couple of parts to hold hair: two curved prongs, like you see in the picture, and some kind of hinge to make the two sides squeeze together. I'm not sure exactly how to accomplish this, so I'm looking for some help with the design.

For the heart itself, I think it'd be cool to use a similar method as my existing generator, where it creates the heart by extruding scaled 2D heart shapes along a vertical axis. I don’t think I need to use exactly the same code I already wrote, but it would be great if the basic heart shape is stylized and similar to what the included code generates, with the same parameters to control the heart's size and look. So, parameters like the thickness, overall height, the layering factor, and the tip sharpness. Let's call those `heart_thickness`, `heart_height`, `layer_factor`, and `tip_sharp_factor` in the new code.

Then, I'd like to be able to control the size and curvature of the prongs, as well as the width of the hinge. I'm thinking that I could control how long the prongs are (`prong_length`), how curved they are (`prong_curve`), and the diameter of the material that they're made from (`prong_diameter`). The hinge's width should also be controllable, say by a parameter named `hinge_width`. For the design, let's start with the hinge being a simple cylindrical pin and socket.

I'm not sure exactly how to integrate everything or even what parts should be individual modules. I'd love it if the code used a functional approach so I can remix it later. I also do not want the AI to include any external library files. Could you design this?

[Assistant]
3d_heart_generator.scad:
```
thickness = 5;
height = 20;
layer_factor = 5; // [1:90]
tip_sharp_factor = 10;

// Given a `radius` and `angle`, draw a sector from zero degree to `angle` degree. The `angle` ranges from 0 to 90.
// Parameters:
//     radius - the sector radius
//     angle - the sector angle
module a_quarter_sector(radius, angle) {
    intersection() {
        circle(radius, $fn=96);

        polygon([[0, 0], [radius, 0], [radius, radius * sin(angle)], [radius * cos(angle), radius * sin(angle)]]);
    }
}

// Given a `radius` and `angle`, draw a sector from `angles[0]` degree to `angles[1]` degree.
// Parameters:
//     radius - the sector radius
//     angles - the sector angles
module sector(radius, angles) {
    angle_from = angles[0];
    angle_to = angles[1];
    angle_difference = angle_to - angle_from;

    rotate(angle_from)
        if(angle_difference <= 90) {
            a_quarter_sector(radius, angle_difference);
        } else if(angle_difference > 90 && angle_difference <= 180) {
            sector(radius, [0, 90]);
            rotate(90) a_quarter_sector(radius, angle_difference - 90);
        } else if(angle_difference > 180 && angle_difference <= 270) {
            sector(radius, [0, 180]);
            rotate(180) a_quarter_sector(radius, angle_difference - 180);
        } else if(angle_difference > 270 && angle_difference <= 360) {
            sector(radius, [0, 270]);
            rotate(270) a_quarter_sector(radius, angle_difference - 270);
       }
}

// The heart is composed of two semi-circles and two isosceles trias.
// The tria's two equal sides have length equals to the double `radius` of the circle.
// That's why the `solid_heart` module is drawn according a `radius` parameter.
//
// Parameters:
//     radius - the radius of the semi-circle
//     tip_factor - the sharpness of the heart tip
module solid_heart(radius, tip_factor) {
    offset_h = 2.2360679774997896964091736687313 * radius / 2 - radius * sin(45);
	tip_radius = radius / tip_factor;

    translate([radius * cos(45), offset_h, 0]) rotate([0, 0, -45])
    hull() {
        circle(radius, $fn = 96);
		translate([radius - tip_radius, -radius * 2 + tip_radius, 0])
		    circle(tip_radius, center = true, $fn = 96);
	}

	translate([-radius * cos(45), offset_h, 0]) rotate([0, 0, 45]) hull() {
        circle(radius, $fn = 96);
		translate([-radius + tip_radius, -radius * 2 + tip_radius, 0])
		    circle(tip_radius, center = true, $fn = 96);
	}
}

// The equation of an ellipse.
//
// Parameters:
//      major_axe - length of the major axe
//      minor_axe - length of the minor axe
//      a - an independent parameter which increases from 0 to 360
function eclipse_y(major_axe, a) = major_axe * cos(a);
function eclipse_z(minor_axe, a) = minor_axe * sin(a);

// Create one side of the eclipse heart.
//
// Parameters:
//      major_axe - length of the major axe
//      minor_axe - length of the minor axe
//      layer_factor - the layer_factor, from 1 to 90
//      tip_factor - the sharpness of the heart tip
module eclipse_heart_one_side(major_axe,  minor_axe, layer_factor, tip_factor) {
	for(a = [0 : layer_factor : 90]) {
		heart_height = eclipse_y( minor_axe, a) ;
		prev_heart_thickness = a == 0 ? 0 : eclipse_z(major_axe, a - layer_factor);

		linear_height = eclipse_z(major_axe, a) - prev_heart_thickness;
		linear_scale = eclipse_y( minor_axe, a + layer_factor) / heart_height;

		translate([0, 0, prev_heart_thickness])
			linear_extrude(linear_height, scale = linear_scale)
				solid_heart(heart_height, tip_factor);
	}
}

// Create an eclipse heart.
//
// Parameters:
//      major_axe - length of the major axe
//      minor_axe - length of the minor axe
//      layer_factor - the layer_factor, from 1 to 90
//      tip_factor - the sharpness of the heart tip
module eclipse_heart(major_axe,  minor_axe, layer_factor, tip_factor) {
	eclipse_heart_one_side(major_axe,  minor_axe, layer_factor, tip_factor);
	mirror([0, 0, 1]) eclipse_heart_one_side(major_axe,  minor_axe, layer_factor, tip_factor);
}

eclipse_heart(thickness / 2, height / 3.12, layer_factor, tip_sharp_factor);

```


[User]
Hi, I'm looking to get a design for a liquid limit groove tool, as specified in ASTM D4318. I have a working design in OpenSCAD, but it's not parametric and difficult to modify. I'd like to get a parametric design, preferably with clearly commented code, using the specified tolerances.

The tool has several key dimensions:

*   **A**:  The width of the narrowest part of the groove cutting tip, which should be 2 mm, with a tolerance of +-0.1 mm.
*   **B**: The width of the wider part of the groove cutting tip, which should be 11 mm, with a tolerance of +-0.2 mm.
*   **C**: The diameter of the circle from which the arc for the cutting edge is defined, 40mm with a tolerance of +-0.5 mm.
*   **D**: The distance between the narrow tip and the wide portion of the blade, 8 mm, with a tolerance of +-0.1 mm.
*   **E**:  The radius of the circle used to construct the groove's cutting profile, 50 mm, with a tolerance of +-0.5 mm.
*   **F**:  The thickness of the blade, 2 mm with a tolerance of +-0.1 mm.
*   **G**:  The width of the back of the tool where it meets the handle, and is greater than or equal to 10 mm (no upper limit specified for this but something that would look sensible).
*   **H**: The height of the tool from the base to the point where the angled part of the back begins, 13mm.
*   **J**: The length of the main body of the tool, 60 mm.
*   **K**: The height of the tool's back portion, 10 mm, with a tolerance of +-0.05 mm.
*   **L**: The angle of the groove cutting edge relative to the central axis, 60 degrees with a tolerance of +-1 degree.
*   **N**: The width of the main body of the tool, 20mm.

I'm picturing a design where the main body of the tool is a cuboid, with the back of the tool angled towards the top, and the groove cutting blade extending out the front. The design has two cutouts, one along the length of the main body that allows the tool to be used for the measurement, and the second which creates the groove itself.  Please ensure all angles are calculated from the provided parameters, rather than hardcoded. I think it should also make sense to have a variable that controls the overall length of the tool so the main body of the tool can be extended.

Could you create an OpenSCAD file for me? I'd prefer to avoid any external libraries if possible, unless you think it would significantly improve the code quality or maintainability (e.g. perhaps for the tolerance handling or something).

[Assistant]
LiquidTool.scad:
```
$fn = 100;

A = 2;
B = 11;
C = 40;
D = 8;
E = 50;
F = 2;
G = 10;
H = 13;
J = 60;
K = 10;
L = 60;
N = 20;

difference() {
    cube([J,N,F]);
    translate([0,(N/2)+(G/2),0]) rotate([0,0,atan(((N/2)-(G/2))/H)]) cube([10000,10000,10000]);
    translate([0,(G/2),0]) rotate([0,0,270-atan(((N/2)-(G/2))/H)]) cube([10000,10000,10000]);
}

translate([0,(N/2)-(G/2),0]) cube([H,G,K]);

translate([J,N/2,0]) difference() {
    cylinder(r1=E,r2=E-(tan(90-L)*F),h=F);
    rotate([0,0,asin((C/2)/E)]) cube([10000,10000,10000]);
    rotate([0,0,270-asin((C/2)/E)]) cube([10000,10000,10000]);
    translate([-10000,-5000,0]) cube([10000,10000,10000]);
}

translate([J,0,0]) cube([(N/2)/tan(asin((C/2)/E)),N,F]);

translate([-(E-(E*sin(acos((B/2)/E)))),0,0]) translate([J,(N/2)-(B/2),0]) difference() {
    cube([E+D,B,F]);
    translate([E+D,0,0]) rotate([0,-(90-L),0]) translate([0,0,-5000]) cube([10000,10000,10000]);
    translate([E+D,(B/2)+(A/2),0]) rotate([0,-(90-L),90-(atan(((B/2)-(A/2))/D))]) translate([0,0,-5000]) cube([10000,10000,10000]);
    translate([E+D,(B/2)-(A/2),0]) rotate([90,-(90-L),-(90-(atan(((B/2)-(A/2))/D)))]) translate([0,-5000,-5000]) cube([10000,10000,10000]);
}

```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to create a customizable Sierpinski fractal based on an icosahedron, but I want to be able to control a lot more of its parameters and have a few different options for its design. The current script I have works well, but it's kind of limited.

Essentially, I want an OpenSCAD script (or multiple scripts, if that makes it easier) that generates this fractal using an iterated function system, similar to the attached code. I'd like the user to be able to define:

1.  **Base Shape:** The fundamental shape that's used at each iteration. I want the options to include:
    *   Icosahedron (like the current example)
    *   Sphere
    *   Cube
    *   Tetrahedron
    *   Octahedron

2.  **Base Shape Size:** A parameter to specify the side length (for polyhedra) or diameter (for spheres) of the initial, largest base shape.

3.  **Number of Iterations:** Controls how many times the fractal subdivision is repeated.

4.  **Overlap Factor:** This should control how much the scaled-down copies overlap in each iteration. (I see that the example uses a hardcoded value of `1.5`).

5.  **Subdivision Method:** This is where I want a little more complexity. I want the following options for how the base shapes are positioned in the iteration:
    *   **Icosahedral:** The current method where there are 12 subdivisions corresponding to the icosahedron's vertices.
    *   **Tetrahedral:** There would be four subdivisions positioned according to the vertices of a tetrahedron.
    *   **Octahedral:** Six subdivisions positioned according to the vertices of an octahedron.
    *   **Edge-Midpoint:**  Instead of using the vertices of a polyhedron for subdivisions, use the midpoints of the edges. The number of edges will depend on the base shape.
    *   **Face-Center:**  Subdivisions are positioned at the center of each face of the base shape.

6.  **Relative Scaling:**  Instead of just using a side length divided by two for each iteration, I want an option to control the scaling factor. The default can be `0.5` but let me change that.

7.  **Orientation (Optional):** Could be nice to define the orientation of the sub-shapes at each iteration. Perhaps allowing for a fixed rotation applied to each sub-shape using Euler angles (rotation around x, then y, then z axes). This could be a global setting and I don't need per-subdivision orientation control. I am not sure if that is feasible but if you could give it a try that would be great!

I'm fine with you generating all the code including the modules from scratch - I do not need to use any code I provided. I'd also prefer to not rely on any external libraries like MCAD or BOSL. I'd like it all to be self-contained, standard OpenSCAD code.

Also, please make sure everything is well-commented so I can understand how it works. Thanks!

[Assistant]
Sierpinski_Icosahedron.scad:
```
/******************************************************
Sierpinski Icosahedron
By Adam Anderson

Uses a 3D iterated function system to generate a Sierpinski using icosahedra,  cubes, or spheres.
******************************************************/

//What would you like the starting shape to be?
shape = "Icosahedron"; //["Icosahedron":Icosahedron, "Sphere":Sphere, "Cube":Cube]

side_length =5; //Side Length

//Controls the size of seed shapes
overlap = 1.5; //[0.5:0.5:10]

iterations = 3; //[1:6]

useful_length = side_length / pow(2, iterations - 1);

if(shape == "Icosahedron") {
    Sierpinski(side_length, iterations) {
        icosahedron(useful_length);
    }
}
else if(shape == "Sphere") {
    Sierpinski(side_length, iterations) {
        sphere(useful_length);
    }
}
else if(shape == "Cube") {
    Sierpinski(side_length, iterations) {
        cube(useful_length);
    }
}

module iterate(size = 3) {
    //Axial points are the two points colinear with the z axis.
    //Equatorial points are the two groups of five coplanar points forming pentagons below the axial points.
    x1 = size * ((1/4) * sqrt(10 + (2*sqrt(5))));
    x2 = size * ((1/4) * sqrt(10 - (2*sqrt(5))));
    y1 = size * ((1/4) * (sqrt(5) - 1));
    y2 = size * ((1/4) * (sqrt(5) + 1));
    pentagonHeight = size / 1.999;
    tipHeight = size * 1.118;

    /* AXIAL POINTS */
    translate([0, 0, -tipHeight]) children(0);
    translate([0, 0, tipHeight]) children(0);

    /* TOP PENTAGON */
    translate([0,0, pentagonHeight]) {
        //Most +y
        translate([0, size, 0])  children(0);
        //+x +y
        translate([x1, y1, 0]) children(0);
        //+x -y
        translate([x2, -y2, 0]) children(0);
        //-x -y
        translate([-x2, -y2 , 0]) children(0);
        //-x +y
        translate([-x1, y1, 0]) children(0);
    }
    /* BOTTOM PENTAGON */
    translate([0,0, -pentagonHeight]) {
        //Most -y
        translate([0, -size, 0])  children(0);
        //-x -y
        translate([-x1, -y1, 0]) children(0);
        //-x +y
        translate([-x2, y2, 0]) children(0);
        //x y
        translate([x2, y2 , 0]) children(0);
        //x -y
        translate([x1, -y1, 0]) children(0);
    }
}

module Sierpinski(side = 10, iterations = 3) {
    if(iterations > 0) {
        iterate(side) {
            Sierpinski(side / 2, iterations - 1) {
                children(0);
            }
        }
        scale(overlap) children(0);
    }
}

module icosahedron(a = 2) {
    phi = a * ((1 + sqrt(5)) / 2);
    rotate([58.3, 0, 0]) {
        polyhedron(
            points = [
                [0,-phi, a], [0, phi, a], [0, phi, -a], [0, -phi, -a], [a, 0, phi], [-a, 0, phi], [-a, 0, -phi], [a, 0, -phi], [phi, a, 0], [-phi, a, 0], [-phi, -a, 0], [phi, -a, 0]
            ],
            faces = [
                [0,5,4], [0,4,11], [11,4,8], [11,8,7], [4,5,1], [4,1,8], [8,1,2], [8,2,7], [1,5,9], [1,9,2], [2,9,6], [2,6,7], [9,5,10], [9,10,6], [6,10,3], [6,3,7], [10,5,0], [10,0,3], [3,0,11], [3,11,7]
            ]
        );
    }
}
```


[User]
I'm looking to design a customizable hinge for 3D printing, and I'd like your help creating the OpenSCAD files. I want it to be parametric, so I can easily change dimensions and features.

Here's a breakdown of the design I'm envisioning:

**General Concept:**

It's a simple, two-part hinge – a bottom and a top part that interlock via a cylindrical knuckle and pin. Each part has a flat "leaf" with screw holes for attachment. I'd like a modular approach, where each of these components (leaf, knuckle, pin, screw holes) can be defined separately and then combined.

**Parameters (that I need to be able to adjust):**

*   `hinge_height`: The overall height of the hinge.
*   `leaf_width`: The width of the flat part (leaf) of the hinge.
*   `leaf_gauge`: The thickness of the leaf.
*   `screw_hole_diameter`: The diameter of the screw holes.
*   `screw_hole_offset`: How far the screw holes are from the center of the leaf.
*   `pin_hole_gap`: The extra space around the pin inside the knuckle to make assembly easier.
*    `gap_between_parts_X`: The horizontal offset between the two parts of the hinge when printed as a single object
*    `gap_between_parts_Y`: The vertical offset between the two parts of the hinge when printed as a single object.

**Key Features/Requirements:**

1.  **Knuckle/Pin Connection:**
    *   The diameter of the knuckle should be based on `leaf_gauge`. Let's start with it being twice the `leaf_gauge`.
    *   The pin diameter should be half of the knuckle diameter.
    *   The pin hole in the top knuckle should have the `pin_hole_gap` added to its diameter to provide a tolerance.

2.  **Leaf:**
    *   A simple rectangular shape with the specified `leaf_width`, `leaf_gauge`, and `hinge_height`.
    *   Should have at least two screw holes on each leaf.

3.  **Layout:**
    *   I should be able to choose to print both halves, only the top, or only the bottom.
    *   The two parts (top and bottom) should be printable as one part, with the offset between them set with the `gap_between_parts_X` and `gap_between_parts_Y` parameters.

4.  **Modular Design:** Use modules to make the design more flexible and readable (e.g., separate modules for the leaf, knuckle, and pin).

5.  **Optional Features (Nice to have, but not essential for the first iteration):**
    *   Rounded corners.
    *   Different number/positioning of screw holes (but for now, let's just start with two per leaf).
    *   The ability to offset the knuckle in the x/y or z axis.

**Libraries:**

I'm not sure what might be the most helpful, but I'd like to use whatever makes sense from the BOSL2 library.

So, to recap, could you generate the OpenSCAD code that creates these parts? It should use parameters, be able to render a single hinge part, and be configurable. Thanks!

[Assistant]
hinge.scad:
```
// Simple Customizable Hinge
// preview[view:south, tilt:top diagonal]

// TODO:
// * Rounded Corners
// * offset the knuckle/pin to different places
// * alternate numbers/position of screw holes?

/* [Sizing] */

// height of the hinge
hinge_height = 60;
// width of the flat part of the hinge (not including the knuckle/cylinder)
leaf_width=30;
// how thick the leaf is
leaf_gauge=4;
// diameter of the screw hole
screw_hole_diameter=5;
// x-offset away from from center for the screw hole
screw_hole_offset=0;
// amount of extra room for the pin (makes hole bigger)
pin_hole_gap=1;

/* [Layout] */
// offset between the 2 parts on the x-axis
gap_between_parts_X=-40;
// offset between the 2 parts on the y-axis
gap_between_parts_Y=20;

/* [Parts] */
part = "both"; // [bottom:Bottom Hinge,top:Top Hinge,both:Full Hinge]

/* [Hidden] */
leaf_height=hinge_height;
knuckle_diameter=leaf_gauge*2;
knuckle_y_offset = -(knuckle_diameter/2-leaf_gauge/2);
pin_diameter=knuckle_diameter/2;

PrintPart();

module PrintPart() {
    if (part == "bottom") {
        PrintBottom();
    }
    else if (part == "top") {
        PrintTop();
    }
    else {
        PrintBottom();
        PrintTop();
    }
}

module PrintBottom() {
    translate([
        -gap_between_parts_X/2,
        -gap_between_parts_Y/2,
        hinge_height/2]) {
        BottomHinge();
    }
}

module PrintTop() {
    rotate(180)
    mirror([0,1,0])
    translate([-gap_between_parts_X/2, gap_between_parts_Y/2, hinge_height/2]) {
        TopHinge();
    }
}

module BottomHinge() {
    translate([-knuckle_diameter/2, 0, 0]) {
        BottomKnuckle();

        translate([-(leaf_width+knuckle_diameter/2), 0, 0]) {
            Leaf(-screw_hole_offset);
            LeafKnuckleJoiner(true);
        }
    }
}

module TopHinge() {
    translate([-knuckle_diameter/2, 0, 0]) {
        TopKnuckle();

        translate([-(leaf_width+knuckle_diameter/2), 0, 0]) {
            translate([0, -knuckle_diameter/2, 0])
            Leaf(-screw_hole_offset);
            mirror([0,1,0])
            LeafKnuckleJoiner(true);
        }
    }
}

module TopKnuckle() {

    difference() {

        // full height fat part
        translate([0, 0, -leaf_height/4])
        cylinder(
            h=hinge_height/2,
            d=knuckle_diameter,
            center=true,
            $fn=100);

        // remove pin part
        cylinder(
            h=hinge_height+1,
            d=pin_diameter+pin_hole_gap,
            center=true,
            $fn=100);
    }
}

module BottomKnuckle() {

    difference() {

        //  fat part
        translate([0, 0, -leaf_height/4])
        cylinder(
            h=hinge_height/2,
            d=knuckle_diameter,
            center=true,
            $fn=100);
    }

    // pin part
    cylinder(
        h=hinge_height,
        d=pin_diameter,
        center=true,
        $fn=100);

}

module Leaf(hole_offset=0) {
    difference() {
        translate([0,0,-leaf_height/2])
        cube([leaf_width, leaf_gauge, leaf_height]);

        ScrewHoles(leaf_width/2+hole_offset);
    }
}

// used to draw the base 2D polygon for the Knuckle Joiner
module KnuckleJoiner2D(extra=0) {
    polygon([
        [leaf_width-extra, -extra],
        [leaf_width, leaf_gauge+extra],
        [leaf_width+knuckle_diameter/2+extra, leaf_gauge+extra],
        [leaf_width, -extra]
    ]);
}

module LeafKnuckleJoiner(top) {

    difference() {
        // full height
        linear_extrude(height=leaf_height, center=true)
        KnuckleJoiner2D();

        factor = (top) ? 1 : -1;
        z_offset = factor * (leaf_height/4+1);

        // half height
        translate([0, 0, z_offset])
        linear_extrude(height=(leaf_height/2+2), center=true)
        KnuckleJoiner2D(1);
    }
}

module ScrewHoles(x_offset) {
    translate([x_offset, 5, leaf_height/4])
    rotate([90,0,0])
    cylinder(
        h=leaf_gauge+10,
        d=screw_hole_diameter,
        center=true,
        $fn=100);

    translate([x_offset, 5, -leaf_height/4])
    rotate([90,0,0])
    cylinder(
        h=leaf_gauge+10,
        d=screw_hole_diameter,
        center=true,
        $fn=100);
}
```


[User]
I'm looking to design a bracket for a 12mm micro motor with a metal gearbox, and I'd like it to be parametric so I can adjust it for different motor lengths and nut sizes. I have an existing design as a starting point, but I'd prefer something designed from the ground up using best practices.

Here are the key features I need:

*   **Motor Housing:** The bracket needs to securely hold the motor body. I'd like to use a cylinder or a similar shape with a slightly larger diameter than the motor to provide a snug fit.
*   **Mounting Holes:** There need to be mounting holes on the side to secure the bracket to another part. These holes should accommodate M3 screws, so the holes will need to be sized appropriately for that. I would also like the hole pattern to be easily customizable.
*   **Length Parameter:** I want to be able to adjust the length of the bracket to accommodate different motor lengths (between 10 and 20 mm).
*   **Nut Size Parameter:** The bracket should accommodate either small or large nuts for the mounting holes. I'm using a 4.4mm diagonal for the smaller nuts and 5.2mm for the larger ones.
*   **Material Thickness:** Let's assume the bracket will be 3mm thick, unless there's a good reason to deviate from that.

It would be great if the design was modular and well-documented, making it easy to understand and modify.  I'm comfortable using OpenSCAD and prefer a modular approach so if you use any libraries please be sure to list them. I'm not trying to use this as a starting point, but here's the code I have if it's helpful as a conceptual reference:

```
//Bracket for 12mm Micro Motor with Metal Gearbox.
//Oktay Gülmez, 19/02/2016.
//GNU GPL.

//parameters:
//Bracket lenght (10-20mm.)
lenght=12;
//(Diagonal size of the nuts; small=4,4mm. or large=5,2mm.)
nuts=4.4;

$fn=30;
module inside(){
    difference(){
        union(){
            translate([10,0,4]) rotate([0,90,0]) minkowski(){
                cube([6,6.5,30], center=true);
                cylinder(r=3);
            }

        }

    }
}

module plate(){
    difference(){
        union(){
            translate([0,0,4]) rotate([0,90,0]) minkowski(){
                cube([10,10.5,0.2], center=true);
                cylinder(r=1);
            }

        }

    }
}

module bracket(){
difference(){
    union(){
        translate([lenght-4,-9,0]) cylinder(h=3, r=4);
        translate([lenght-4,9,0]) cylinder(h=3, r=4);

        translate([lenght/2-0.5,0,4]) rotate([0,90,0]) minkowski(){
             cube([12,12,lenght-1], center=true);
            cylinder(r=1.5);
        }

        translate([lenght-4,-9-4,0]) cube([4,18+8,3]);

        translate([lenght-8,-9,0]) cube([8,3,4.5]);
        translate([lenght-8,9-3,0]) cube([8,3,4.5]);

    }
    translate([lenght-4,-9,-1]) cylinder(h=5, r=1.2);
        translate([lenght-4,9,-1]) cylinder(h=5, r=1.2);
    translate([lenght-4,-9,1.5]) cylinder(h=2.5, r=nuts/2+0.2, $fn=6);
        translate([lenght-4,9,1.5]) cylinder(h=2.5, r=nuts/2+0.2, $fn=6);

    translate([lenght-8-1,-9,4.5]) rotate([0,90,0]) cylinder(h=10, r=1.5);
    translate([lenght-8-1,9,4.5]) rotate([0,90,0]) cylinder(h=10, r=1.5);

    inside();
    translate([0,0,0]) plate();
    translate([5.2,0,0]) plate();
     translate([8.5,0,0]) plate();

    translate([lenght/2,0,0]) cube([lenght+2,12.5,10], center=true);

    translate([-1,-15,-5]) cube([lenght+2,30,5]);

}
}

translate([0,0,lenght]) rotate([0,90,0]) bracket();

```
I'm looking forward to seeing what you come up with!

[Assistant]
micro_motor_bracket.scad:
```
//Bracket for 12mm Micro Motor with Metal Gearbox.
//Oktay Gülmez, 19/02/2016.
//GNU GPL.

//parameters:
//Bracket lenght (10-20mm.)
lenght=12;
//(Diagonal size of the nuts; small=4,4mm. or large=5,2mm.)
nuts=4.4;

$fn=30;
module inside(){
    difference(){
        union(){
            translate([10,0,4]) rotate([0,90,0]) minkowski(){
                cube([6,6.5,30], center=true);
                cylinder(r=3);
            }

        }

    }
}

module plate(){
    difference(){
        union(){
            translate([0,0,4]) rotate([0,90,0]) minkowski(){
                cube([10,10.5,0.2], center=true);
                cylinder(r=1);
            }

        }

    }
}

module bracket(){
difference(){
    union(){
        translate([lenght-4,-9,0]) cylinder(h=3, r=4);
        translate([lenght-4,9,0]) cylinder(h=3, r=4);

        translate([lenght/2-0.5,0,4]) rotate([0,90,0]) minkowski(){
             cube([12,12,lenght-1], center=true);
            cylinder(r=1.5);
        }

        translate([lenght-4,-9-4,0]) cube([4,18+8,3]);

        translate([lenght-8,-9,0]) cube([8,3,4.5]);
        translate([lenght-8,9-3,0]) cube([8,3,4.5]);

    }
    translate([lenght-4,-9,-1]) cylinder(h=5, r=1.2);
        translate([lenght-4,9,-1]) cylinder(h=5, r=1.2);
    translate([lenght-4,-9,1.5]) cylinder(h=2.5, r=nuts/2+0.2, $fn=6);
        translate([lenght-4,9,1.5]) cylinder(h=2.5, r=nuts/2+0.2, $fn=6);

    translate([lenght-8-1,-9,4.5]) rotate([0,90,0]) cylinder(h=10, r=1.5);
    translate([lenght-8-1,9,4.5]) rotate([0,90,0]) cylinder(h=10, r=1.5);

    inside();
    translate([0,0,0]) plate();
    translate([5.2,0,0]) plate();
     translate([8.5,0,0]) plate();

    translate([lenght/2,0,0]) cube([lenght+2,12.5,10], center=true);

    translate([-1,-15,-5]) cube([lenght+2,30,5]);

}
}

translate([0,0,lenght]) rotate([0,90,0]) bracket();

```


[User]
I'd like a parametric OpenSCAD design for a propeller, something like the one I've got here but more flexible. I want to be able to control all sorts of things, ideally with comments explaining everything.

Here's what I'm thinking:

*   **Overall Propeller Size:** I need to be able to set the outer diameter, the overall depth/height, and the center post diameter. I also need a hole through the center. The hole's diameter and post height should be customizable. The center post should extend below the main body of the propeller.
*   **Blades:** The blades should be angled, with a pitch angle I can set. I want to control the number of blades, their width, and their thickness. I also want the option of having the blades extend to the outer diameter of the propeller, or to terminate before the outer edge.
*   **Outer Ring:** I'd like an optional outer ring, with its own thickness that I can set. The ring would connect to the tips of the blades. The ring itself should be a solid cylinder with the center part cut out - like a donut.
*   **Parameters:** Everything should be driven by parameters so that I can easily tweak them. I'd like the major parameters exposed up front, as in my current code.
*   **Libraries:** I'm not using any libraries right now, but if any of the standard ones (MCAD, BOSL, BOSL2, dotSCAD, NopSCADlib, BOLTS) would help, please use them!

I think that's everything. Let me know if you have any questions.

[Assistant]
propeller.scad:
```
//propeller module
//test angles and prop sizes for best flight

propD=150;          //outside diameter
propZ=10;            //prop deapth in Z
propBladeW=6;       //prop width, if less than propZ it will not trim
propBladeT=2;       //prop thickness
propBladeP=35;      //prop pitch angle from horizontal
propBladeNum=8;     //number of blades around z axis
ringT=1.5;            //thickness of the outer ring
centerD=15;         //center post diameter
centerHole=8;       //hole for pencil or dowel etc.
centerPost=4;       //additional post height for proper attachment

propR=propD/2;      //prop radius
centerR=centerD/2;  //center post radius

$fa=0.1;

//module for prop with or without outer ring
propeller(true);

module propeller(ring=true)
{
    if (ring==true)
    {
        //outer Ring
        difference()
        {
            //outer diameter of ring
            cylinder(r=propR, h=propZ);
            //inner diameter of ring
            cylinder(r=propR-2*ringT, h=3*propZ, center=true);
        }

        //removes the hole from center and blade edges
        difference()
        {
            union()
            {
                //rotates blades  around z axis evenly
                for (i= [0 : 360/propBladeNum : 360])
                {
                    rotate(i)
                        //positions the blade centered on starting x axis
                        translate([propR/2, 0, propZ/2])
                        difference()
                        {
                            //prop pitch angle from horizontal
                            rotate([propBladeP, 0, 0])
                            //prop
                            cube([propR-ringT, propBladeW*2, propBladeT], center=true);
                            //blade trim planes
                            union()
                            {
                                //top trim plane
                                translate([-propD/2, -propD/2, propZ/2])
                                cube([propD, propD, 10]);

                                //bottom trim plane
                                translate([-propD/2, -propD/2, -(propZ/2+10)])
                                cube([propD, propD, 10]);

                            }
                        }
                }
                //Center post
                translate([0, 0, -centerPost])
                cylinder(r=centerR, h=propZ+centerPost);
            }
            //center hole to remove
            translate([0, 0, -(centerPost+((centerD-centerHole)/2))])
            cylinder(r=centerHole/2, h=propZ+centerPost);
        }

    }
    else
                //removes the hole from center and blade edges
        difference()
        {
            union()
            {
                //rotates blades  around z axis evenly
                for (i= [0 : 360/propBladeNum : 360])
                {
                    rotate(i)
                        //positions the blade centered on starting x axis
                        translate([propR/2, 0, propZ/2])
                        difference()
                        {
                            //prop pitch angle from horizontal
                            rotate([propBladeP, 0, 0])
                            //prop
                            cube([propR-centerR, propBladeW*2, propBladeT], center=true);
                            //blade trim planes
                            union()
                            {
                                //top trim plane
                                translate([-propD/2, -propD/2, propZ/2])
                                cube([propD, propD, 10]);

                                //bottom trim plane
                                translate([-propD/2, -propD/2, -(propZ/2+10)])
                                cube([propD, propD, 10]);
                            }
                        }
                }
                //Center post
                translate([0, 0, -centerPost])
                cylinder(r=centerR, h=propZ+centerPost);
            }
            //center hole to remove
            translate([0, 0, -(centerPost+((centerD-centerHole)/2))])
            cylinder(r=centerHole/2, h=propZ+centerPost);
        }

}

```


[User]
Hey, I've got a design I'd like to get some help with. I saw this cool text tag thing online and wanted to make something similar, but parametric so I can easily change the size and the text.

Basically, it's a circular base plate with text extruded up from it. The original design has a couple of text strings wrapped around the circumference, and then a couple more instances of "art+art" and "art art" in the middle, which seem to be rotated. The base plate itself is a cylinder. All the extruded text is the same height. The original file used a library called "text_on.scad", which I don't have, so I need a version that doesn't rely on that or some way to make it work that doesn't need that library (if that makes sense).

Here's what I'm looking for in the design:

*   **Base Plate:** A cylinder, defined by a radius and a thickness.
*   **Circular Text:** Two lines of text wrapped around the inner circumference, each with its own radius, size, and text content. One should have a 0 rotation, and the other a 180 degree rotation. Both should be able to have their spacing parameter defined by a variable.
*   **Central Text:** Two lines of text, centered, each rotated by +45 and -45 degrees.
*  **Text Height:**  All extruded text should be the same height above the baseplate.
*  **Font:** We should also have a variable to define the font.
*   **Coloring:** I'd like a way to have different colors for the text and the base plate, defined by variables.

I’m hoping that the whole thing can be parameterized, so I can adjust the sizes, text, and colors. Could you please create the necessary .scad files for me, without relying on external libraries beyond the standard OpenSCAD library, of course? I'm thinking there should be a main file and then maybe another file that handles the text extrusion.  I'm hoping for a clean, well-commented setup, too.

Thanks in advance!

[Assistant]
EarthWoART2_1v2.scad:
```
// EarthWoArtTag2 1v2
// By: William Ha
// Date: 2016-02-24
// Description: cool text tag - Earth w/o ART ver 2

use <text_on\text_on.scad>

$fn=100;

H=4;    // text height above base plate
t=1;    // base plate thickness
r=50;   // plate radius
t_r=40;  // text radius
t_size=10;   // text size (those on the rim)
font="Liberation Mono:style=bold";

color("DeepSkyBlue") {
    text_on_circle("THE EARTH",r=t_r,size=t_size,extrusion_height=H,font=font,spacing=1.5);
    rotate(45) text_extrude("art+art",size=t_size-1,extrusion_height=H,font=font);
    rotate(-45) translate([0,0,0]) text_extrude("art art",size=t_size-1,extrusion_height=H,font=font);
    text_on_circle("IS JUST 'EH'",r=t_r,size=t_size,extrusion_height=H,font=font,spacing=1.2, rotate=180);
}

color("yellow")
    translate([0,0,-H/2-t]) cylinder(r=r,h=t,$fn=100);
```


[User]
I'd like to create a configurable spacer plate for NEMA stepper motors, primarily NEMA 17, but it would be good if it could be easily adapted for other sizes too.

Here's what I need:

*   **A main plate:** This should be a square with chamfered corners, similar to the shape of a NEMA motor. The size and chamfer should be adjustable.
*   **Mounting holes:** Four holes for mounting the plate to the motor or other surface. The diameter and distance between these holes should also be adjustable.
*   **A motor fit:**  A raised cylinder on one side that fits the motor's central mounting boss. This fit should only be present if the plate height is at least 5mm, and its diameter needs to be a parameter as well.
*   **Thickness:** The plate's thickness should be an adjustable parameter.

I'd like to use OpenSCAD for this, and I expect to use only the basic built-in OpenSCAD functions. Could you generate the SCAD code for this, keeping it parametric so I can change the dimensions easily? Make sure to use descriptive variable names, too.

[Assistant]
NemaSpacerPlate.scad:
```
/*
 * Customizable spacer plate for NEMA motors.
 * Change the values to your needs.
 * The outer fit will not be generated, if the height is lower than 5.0mm.
 * (c) 2016 by Roman Buchert (roman.buchert@googlemail.com)
 * This file is licensed by "by-nc-sa"
 */

//Height of the distance plate in mm
HEIGHT= 10.0;

//Base size of the stepper motor. 42.3mm on NEMA 17.
BASE_SIZE = 42.3;

//Chamfer of the stepper motor. Something about 3mm on a NEMA 17.
BASE_CHAMFER = 3.0;

//Distance of the mounting hole of the stepper motor. 31mm on NEMA 17.
HOLE_DISTANCE = 31.0;

//Size of the mounting hole of the stepper motor. M3 on NEMA 17, so the hole should be something about 3.2mm.
HOLE_DIAMETER = 3.2;

//Size of the mounting fit. 22mm on NEMA 17.
FIT_DIAMETER = 22.0;

//Shape of the base plate.
module plate(){
    //Outline
    P = [
        0,
        BASE_CHAMFER,
        (BASE_SIZE - BASE_CHAMFER),
        BASE_SIZE,
    ];
    //Mounting holes
    H = [
        (BASE_SIZE - HOLE_DISTANCE) / 2.0,
        BASE_SIZE - ((BASE_SIZE - HOLE_DISTANCE) / 2.0)
    ];

    //Points of the base shape
    baseshape=[
        [P[1], P[0]],
        [P[2], P[0]],
        [P[3], P[1]],
        [P[3], P[2]],
        [P[2], P[3]],
        [P[1], P[3]],
        [P[0], P[2]],
        [P[0], P[1]],
        [P[1], P[0]]
    ];
    // cut out holes
    difference(){
        polygon(baseshape);
        translate([H[0], H[0], 0]){
            circle(d = HOLE_DIAMETER);
        }
        translate([H[1], H[0], 0]){
            circle(d = HOLE_DIAMETER);
        }
        translate([H[1], H[1], 0]){
            circle(d = HOLE_DIAMETER);
        }
        translate([H[0], H[1], 0]){
            circle(d = HOLE_DIAMETER);
        }
        translate([BASE_SIZE / 2.0, BASE_SIZE / 2.0, 0])
        {
            circle(d = FIT_DIAMETER);
        }
    }
}

module mounting_fit(){
    difference(){
        cylinder(d=FIT_DIAMETER, h = 5.0);
        translate([0, 0, -0.1]){
            cylinder(d1=FIT_DIAMETER , d2 = FIT_DIAMETER - 3.0, h = 5.2);
        }
    }
}

//build it up!
module spacer_plate(){
    union(){
        linear_extrude(HEIGHT){
            plate();
        }
        // the outer fit will not generated if height < 5.0
        if (HEIGHT >= 5.0) {
            translate([BASE_SIZE / 2.0, BASE_SIZE / 2.0, HEIGHT - 3.0]){
                mounting_fit();
            }
        }
    }
}

$fn=64;
spacer_plate();
```


[User]
I'm looking for an OpenSCAD design for a platform with some customizable features. I've got some measurements in mind, but I'd like to be able to tweak them later.

The platform should start as a simple rectangular prism, defined by length, width, and height. Then, I need to be able to apply angled cutouts to each of the four sides. The angle should be customizable, as well as the height of these cutouts, meaning I want a depth parameter for the cutouts, plus a margin from the edge of the platform to where the cutout starts. And then, I'd like to have similar vertical side cutouts too, with an additional `marginSide` parameter that determines how far those cutouts start from the top/bottom. So, I need `depthSide` as a parameter for the side cutouts. Finally, I'd like a top cutout which is like a rectangular hole with a `depth`, `margin` from the edges of the platform, and `innerWidth` parameters that determine how large the inner hole is compared to the top cutout as a whole.

I'd like it to be fully parametric, so I can adjust all of these values easily. I don't need any specific libraries. I'd like the parameters to be easily accessible at the top of the file.

[Assistant]
Plattform.scad:
```
lenght = 5;
width = 5;
height = 0.5;

//The angle of the side
degree = 50; // [1:89]

//The depth of the top cutout
depth = .1;
//The margin between the platform and the top cutout
margin = .15;
//The width of the top cutout
innerWidth = .15;
//The width of the side sticks
marginSide = .1;
//The depth of the side cutout
depthSide = .1;

/* [Hidden] */

offset = tan(degree)*height;

difference() {
   cube([lenght,width,height]);

rotate([-degree,0,0]) {
translate([-1,-1*height*width,0]) {

       cube([lenght+2,height*width,height*10]);
    }
}

rotate([0,degree,0]) {
translate([-1*lenght*height,-1,0]) {

       cube([lenght*height,width+2,height*10]);
    }
}

translate([0,width,0]){
    rotate([degree,0,0]) {
    translate([-1,0,0]) {

           cube([lenght+2,height*width,height*10]);
        }
    }
}

translate([lenght,0,0]) {
    rotate([0,-degree,0]) {
    translate([0,-1,0]) {

           cube([lenght*height,width+2,height*10]);
        }
    }
}

difference() {
translate([offset+margin,offset+margin,height-depth]) {
cube([lenght - 2*offset - margin*2, width-2*offset - margin*2, height]);
}

translate([offset+margin+innerWidth,offset+margin+innerWidth,height-depth-1]) {
cube([lenght - 2*offset - margin*2-2*innerWidth, width-2*offset - margin*2-2*innerWidth, height+2]);
}

}

//FRONT
intersection() {
difference() {
translate([0,0,marginSide]) {
cube([lenght, width, height-2*marginSide]);
}
translate([marginSide+marginSide*sin(degree),0,0]) {
rotate([0,degree,0]) {
translate([-1*lenght*height,-1,0]) {

       cube([lenght*height,width+2,height*10]);
    }
}
}
translate([-1*(marginSide+marginSide*sin(degree)),0,0]) {
translate([lenght,0,0]) {
    rotate([0,-degree,0]) {
    translate([0,-1,0]) {

           cube([lenght*height,width+2,height*10]);
        }
    }
}
}
}

translate([0,depthSide,0]) {
rotate([-degree,0,0]) {
translate([-1,-1*height*width,0]) {

       cube([lenght+2,height*width,height*10]);
    }
}
}
}

//BACK
intersection() {
    difference() {
translate([0,0,marginSide]) {
cube([lenght, width, height-2*marginSide]);
}
translate([marginSide+marginSide*sin(degree),0,0]) {
rotate([0,degree,0]) {
translate([-1*lenght*height,-1,0]) {

       cube([lenght*height,width+2,height*10]);
    }
}
}
translate([-1*(marginSide+marginSide*sin(degree)),0,0]) {
translate([lenght,0,0]) {
    rotate([0,-degree,0]) {
    translate([0,-1,0]) {

           cube([lenght*height,width+2,height*10]);
        }
    }
}
}
}
translate([0,-depthSide,0]) {
translate([0,width,0]){
    rotate([degree,0,0]) {
    translate([-1,0,0]) {

           cube([lenght+2,height*width,height*10]);
        }
    }
}
}

}

//LEFT
intersection() {
difference() {
translate([0,0,marginSide]) {
cube([lenght, width, height-2*marginSide]);
}

translate([0,-1*(marginSide+marginSide*sin(degree)),0]) {
translate([0,width,0]){
    rotate([degree,0,0]) {
    translate([-1,0,0]) {

           cube([lenght+2,height*width,height*10]);
        }
    }
}
}
translate([0,marginSide+marginSide*sin(degree),0]) {
rotate([-degree,0,0]) {
translate([-1,-1*height*width,0]) {

       cube([lenght+2,height*width,height*10]);
    }
}
}
}
translate([depthSide,0,0]) {
rotate([0,degree,0]) {
translate([-1*lenght*height,-1,0]) {

       cube([lenght*height,width+2,height*10]);
    }
}
}
}
//RIGHT
intersection() {
difference() {
translate([0,0,marginSide]) {
cube([lenght, width, height-2*marginSide]);
}

translate([0,-1*(marginSide+marginSide*sin(degree)),0]) {
translate([0,width,0]){
    rotate([degree,0,0]) {
    translate([-1,0,0]) {

           cube([lenght+2,height*width,height*10]);
        }
    }
}
}
translate([0,marginSide+marginSide*sin(degree),0]) {
rotate([-degree,0,0]) {
translate([-1,-1*height*width,0]) {

       cube([lenght+2,height*width,height*10]);
    }
}
}
}
translate([lenght-depthSide,0,0]) {
    rotate([0,-degree,0]) {
    translate([0,-1,0]) {

           cube([lenght*height,width+2,height*10]);
        }
    }
}
}
}

```


[User]
I'm working on a project to recreate a 3D-printed version of the Wilmington Robotic EXoskeleton (WREX) arm, and I need some help designing the OpenSCAD files. I've got a couple of existing SCAD files, "LeftArmLinkage.scad" and "ShoulderMember.scad", but I'd prefer to move to a more parametric design. Basically, I want a system where I can easily adjust the lengths of the different components.

Here's what I need:

First, let's focus on the arm linkages. I need a module that can generate a basic arm linkage with these features:
    *  It should be a rectangular block with a flat bottom.
    *  It needs to have two cylindrical holes, one near each end, for connecting to other parts. These holes need to be able to take #10 screws.
    *   I'd like to have the option to add rounded edges to the ends of the linkage, but only if it's possible to make these a parameter.
    *   The linkage should be scaleable and sized using mm.

The `LeftArmLinkage.scad` file gives an idea of what I’m looking for, but here are the specific parameters that I need:
    *   `linkage_length` (float): The length of the arm linkage.
    *   `linkage_width` (float): The width of the main body of the linkage.
    *   `linkage_height` (float): The height of the main body of the linkage.
    *    `bottom_flat_width` (float): Width of the flat bottom portion.
    *   `bottom_flat_height` (float): Height of the flat bottom portion.
    *    `hole_diameter` (float): The diameter of the screw holes.
    *    `hole_offset` (float): Distance from end of linkage to center of hole.
    *    `round_radius` (float): Radius of the rounded ends (optional, may be set to zero or disabled).
    *   `round_height` (float): The depth of the rounded ends.

Next, I need a similar module for the shoulder member. This part is a little different; it's a rectangular block with two cylindrical sections extending from its sides, for connectors. The `ShoulderMember.scad` file provides a starting point. Again, everything should be adjustable using mm and take into account #10 screws.
    * `member_length` (float): The length of the shoulder member.
    * `member_width` (float): The width of the main rectangular part.
    * `member_height` (float): The height of the main rectangular part.
    * `connector_radius` (float): The radius of the cylindrical connectors.
    * `connector_height` (float): The height of the cylindrical connectors.
    * `hole_diameter` (float): The diameter of the screw holes within the connectors.

I’d like to create these modules in a way that makes it easy to build the whole arm structure, by combining these pieces with other modules later. I will eventually need to create another file for the wrist brace and attachment parts. I’d also like to use a library that handles threading if possible, like BOLTS.

I also want to be able to import any part file I may need, for example, a STL or similar.

Could you generate the OpenSCAD files for these two modules?

[Assistant]
LeftArmLinkage.scad:
```
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//Left Arm Linkages
//Author: Tim Driskell
//Date: 2/12/2016
//This is a remix from the original Wilmington Robotic EXoskeleton (WREX) Arm
//////////////////////////////////////////////////

/////////////////user inputs/////////////////////

length=5.5;//length of Arm

/////////////////rendering/////////////////////////
scale([25.4,25.4,25.4]){
difference(){
    union(){
        arm();
        holes();
    }
    thru_hole();
    rounds();
}
}
//////////////////modules/////////////////////////

module arm(){
    difference(){//removes rounding from base
        cube([length,0.5,0.25]);
     translate([0,-0.25,-0.35])
        cube([length,0.8,0.35]);//flattens bottom

    }
}

module holes(){
        translate([length*0.0625,0.25,0.25]){
            cylinder(r1=.25,r2=0.2,h=0.125,$fn=50);
        }
        translate([length*0.9375,0.25,0.25]){
            cylinder(r1=.25,r2=0.2,h=0.125,$fn=50);
        }
}
module thru_hole(){
    translate([length*0.0625,0.25,0])
        cylinder(r=0.095,h=0.5,$fn=50);
    translate([length*0.9375,0.25,0])
        cylinder(r=0.095,h=0.5,$fn=50);
}

module rounds(){
    difference(){
        cube([0.25,0.5,0.251]);
    translate([0.25,0.25,0])
    cylinder(r=0.25,h=0.251,$fn=50);
    }
    translate([length,0,0.251]){
    rotate([0,180,0]){
    difference(){
        cube([0.25,0.5,0.252]);
    translate([0.25,0.25,0])
    cylinder(r=0.25,h=0.252,$fn=50);
    }
}
}
}
```
ShoulderMember.scad:
```
///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//Name:Shoulder Member
//Author: Tim Driskell
//Date:2/12/2016
//This is a remix from the original Wilmington Robotic EXoskeleton (WREX) Arm
///////////////////////////////////////////////

///////////////////USER INPUTS/////////////////
length=3; //length of shoulder member

///////////////////RENDERINGS//////////////////
scale([25.4,25.4,25.4]){
difference(){
member();
holes();
}
}
//////////////////MODULES/////////////////////

module member(){
    cube([length,0.25,0.575]);
    translate([0,0.125,0]){
    cylinder(r=0.15,h=0.575,$fn=50);
    translate([length,0,0])
    cylinder(r=0.15,h=0.575,$fn=50);
    }
}
module holes(){
    translate([0,0.125,0]){
        cylinder(r=0.095,h=0.575,$fn=50);
        translate([length,0,0])
        cylinder(r=0.095,h=0.575,$fn=50);
    }
}
```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to generate a calibration pattern for my 3D printer, and I want it to be a bullseye pattern rather than a spiral. I'd like the design to be parametric, so I can easily tweak it for different printer sizes and nozzle widths.

Here's what I need:

*   **Bullseye Rings:** The pattern should consist of concentric rings, kind of like a target.
*   **Nozzle Width:** The spacing between the rings should be a multiple of the nozzle width. I think 4 times the nozzle width between each ring would look good.
*   **Start Radius:** I need a parameter to specify the radius of the innermost circle.
*   **Bed Radius:** I need a parameter to specify the radius of the outermost circle. The total pattern needs to fit within this radius.
*   **Segments per Ring:** I need a parameter to control the number of segments used to construct each ring (i.e. `$fn` parameter).
*   **Ring Thickness**: Each ring should be a single layer of extrusion (or the "nozzle" parameter), and each ring should be hollow in the middle.

I'd like to be able to specify these parameters: `nozzle`, `start_radius`, `bed_radius`, and `segments`. All dimensions should be in millimeters. I expect to run this code in OpenSCAD.

Could you please generate the necessary OpenSCAD code for this design? I don't need any external libraries.

[Assistant]
calibration_bullseye.scad:
```
//
// Copyright (C) 2016, Jason S. McMullan <jason.mcmullan@gmail.com>
// All rights reserved.
//
// Licensed under the MIT License:
//
// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
// a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"),
// to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation
// the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense,
// and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the
// Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
//
// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included
// in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
//
// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
// FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER
// DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
//
// All units are in mm

// Nozzle width (mm)
nozzle = 0.5;

// Start radius (mm)
start_radius = 20; // [0:290]

// Bed radius (mm)
bed_radius = 100; // [10:300]

// Segments per ring
segments = 120; // [3:120]

module calibration_bullseye(nozzle = 0.5, start_radius = 40, bed_radius = 80, segments = 30)
{
    for (r = [start_radius:nozzle*4:bed_radius]) {
        difference() {
            cylinder(r = r, h = nozzle, $fn = segments);
            translate([0, 0, -0.1])
                cylinder(r = r - nozzle*2, h = nozzle + 0.2, $fn = segments);

        }
    }
}

calibration_bullseye(nozzle, start_radius, bed_radius, segments);

```


[User]
Hi, I'm looking to create a simple picture frame "hook" that allows frames to lean against a wall when placed on top of furniture. The idea is that the hook sits on the furniture, with the frame resting against the hook and then the wall. I have a rough idea of how I want it to look, and I'd like it to be parametric so I can adjust the dimensions.

Here are the key features I envision:

*   **Base:** A flat rectangular base that sits on the furniture. I need to control its length and thickness.
*   **Vertical Support:** A vertical piece attached to the base, positioned near the back edge, that extends downwards to "hook" behind the furniture and provides support. This needs a controllable depth and thickness.
*   **Front Lip:** A small, raised lip at the front of the base to grab the picture frame. This should be adjustable in height and position.
*   **Rounded Edges:** I'd like to have rounded corners and edges for a smoother look, especially where the vertical support meets the base.
*   **Hanging holes:** I'd like to have the option for one or two small holes, one near the front of the flat base and one on the bottom of the vertical support piece.

I'm hoping to make this quite easily scalable so that the entire thing isn't very large. It only needs to hold very light picture frames.

Specifically, I'd like parameters for:

*   `base_length`: The length of the rectangular base.
*   `base_thickness`: The thickness of the base.
*   `support_depth`: How far back the vertical support extends below the base.
*   `support_thickness`: The thickness of the vertical support.
*   `lip_height`: The height of the raised lip that holds the frame.
*   `lip_offset`: How far back from the front edge of the base the lip is positioned
*   `corner_radius`: A radius for the rounded corners.
*   `hole_radius`: A radius for the hanging holes.

I’d like the base to be centered around the origin and the hanging holes placed where I requested them, please.

I'd prefer to use the BOSL2 library since it's what I'm most familiar with for these types of designs.

Can you generate a parametric OpenSCAD file that I can use for this design?

[Assistant]
Billedkrog_01.scad:
```
thickness=5;
length=60;
height=10;
depth=30;
circ=8;
extr=15;

//color("red")
linear_extrude(height = extr) {
    union() {
        square([length,thickness], center =false);
        translate([-thickness,-depth+thickness,0]){
            square([thickness, depth], center =false);
        }
    }

    intersection() {
        translate([length,thickness,0]){
            circle(r=thickness);
        }
        color("blue")
        translate([length,0,0]){
        square([thickness,thickness],center = false);
        }
    }

    difference() {
        translate([length-thickness,thickness,0]){
            color("red")
            square([thickness,thickness],center = false);
        }
        translate([length-thickness,thickness*2,0]){
            circle(r=thickness);
        }
    }

        translate([length,thickness,0]){
            square([thickness,height],center = false);
        }
        translate([length+thickness/2,thickness+height,0]){
            circle(r=thickness/2);
        }
        translate([-thickness/2,-depth+thickness,0]){
            circle(r=thickness/2);
        }

        difference() {

            circle(r=circ);

            color("blue")
            translate([0,-circ,0]){
                square([circ,circ],center = false);
            }
        }

}
```


[User]
I need a set of parametric OpenSCAD files for creating a hose-to-tank connector. There should be two parts: the "port" that goes into the tank, and the "nut" that secures it.

The "port" should have the following features:

*   **Hose Connection:** The port should have a barbed hose connector on one end. I need to specify the inside and outside diameter of the hose.  I want to be able to adjust the number of barbs (typically 3 or 4). The hose connection should have different design choices for inlet and outlet functionality
*   **Tank Connection:** The other end needs a threaded section to go through a hole in the tank wall, along with a shoulder that sits on the outside of the tank. The threaded section needs to have an outer diameter and pitch that can be specified. The thread step shape degrees should also be adjustable. I also want to be able to set the thread length. There needs to be a way to define the tank wall thickness to make sure the connector fits correctly. I'd also like a countersink on both ends of the thread.
*   **Fitting:** The shoulder area needs to be able to fit either a spanner (hexagonal) or a coin/flat screwdriver (slotted). If it's hexagonal, I need to be able to specify the "size across flats". Also, I need to be able to adjust the overhang on the shoulder.
*   **Breakaway Tool:** I want to optionally add a breakaway tool to the port which can be useful for fitting the connector. The tool should attach to the shoulder end, extend beyond it, and have a handle for leverage. I need to be able to set the handle length, and the tool only be available if the fitting is set to "hex".

The "nut" needs to match the thread on the port. The nut needs to be hexagonal on the outside. I need to be able to specify the "size across flats" for this as well. The nut needs to be threaded on the inside to match the port, using the same settings.

It would be great if the design used the "NUT JOB" library for the threads and the hose barb design from the "Hose barb adapter and manifold" by papergeek. Please make sure the OpenSCAD files are parametric and easy to adjust. I’d like a resolution setting too, for controlling detail.

[Assistant]
Hose_to_Tank_connector.scad:
```
/*
This Open SCAD file generates hose connectors that can be bolted in to a tank.

It gives the option to print a break-away tool attached to the bolt head inorder to aid fitting in to a tight space.

It also gives the choice for the hose connector to be an inlet or an outlet, For a different designof connector.

You can also choose which tool to use either a spanner or a coin / flat screwdriver

The bolt threads are borrowed from: NUT JOB | Nut, Bolt, Washer and Threaded Rod Factory by mike_linus www.thingiverse.com/thing:193647
The Barbed hose connector are borrowed from:  Hose barb adapter and manifold by papergeek  www.thingiverse.com/thing:158717
*/

Part = "port"; //[ port, nut]

/*[Hose Details]*/
// Hose inside diameter or bore
In_Side_Diameter = 4;
// Hose Outside diameter
Out_Side_Diameter = 6;

/*[Port Details]*/
// Wall_Thickness must be less than inside diameter
Wall_Thickness = 1;
// Number of barbs on output - try 3 for larger tubing to reduce overall print height try 4 for smaller tubing
Barb_count = 4;
// The shoulder can be hexagional to fit a spanner or slot to fit a coin or screwdriver
Connector = "slot"; // [slot, hex]
Port = "outlet"; // [outlet, inlet]
// Size across the flats of the Hex suggest minimum 2mm bigger than the thread outer diameter
Hex_Size = 12;
// How much shoulder overhanging the largest port on round inline connectors.
Shoulder = 2;

/*[Thread Details]*/
//Outer diameter of the thread needs to ne minimum 2mm bigger than the pipe's outside diameter
thread_outer_diameter = 10;
//Thread step or Pitch (2mm works well for most applications ref. ISO262: M3=0.5,M4=0.7,M5=0.8,M6=1,M8=1.25,M10=1.5)
thread_step = 2;
//Step shape degrees (45 degrees is optimised for most printers ref. ISO262: 30 degrees)
step_shape_degrees = 45;
//Length of the threaded section
thread_length  = 5;
//Resolution (lower values for higher resolution, but may slow rendering)
resolution   = 0.5;
//Countersink in both ends
countersink  = 2 ;

Tank_Wall = 1;
/*[Breakaway Tool]*/
// Add a breakaway tool to aid fitting? only with "hex" style heads
Add_Tool = "no"; // [yes, no]
Tool_Handle_Length = 30;

/*[Hidden]*/
Bore = In_Side_Diameter - (Wall_Thickness * 2);
//change manifold to hex shaped
Edges = Connector == "hex" ? 6 : 100 ;
HYP = (Hex_Size / 2) / cos(30);
Size_1 = Connector == "hex" ? (HYP * 2) : (thread_outer_diameter + 2*Shoulder) ; // size of manifols
Barb_Position = (In_Side_Diameter / 2)+Tank_Wall+0.5+thread_length;
nut_thread_outer_diameter     	                = thread_outer_diameter+1;	//Outer diameter of the bolt thread to match (usually set about 1mm larger than bolt diameter to allow easy fit - adjust to personal preferences)

if (Part == "port")
{
    Port();
}

if (Part == "nut")
{
    Nut();
}

module Port()
{
union()
{
// Body
    difference()
    {
        cylinder( h = In_Side_Diameter , d = Size_1, center = true, $fa = 0.5, $fs = 0.5, $fn = Edges )  ;
        cylinder(h = In_Side_Diameter + 1, d = Bore, center = true, $fa = 0.5, $fs = 0.5 );
        if (Connector == "slot")
        {
            translate([-Size_1 , -0.5, -In_Side_Diameter / 2]) cube ([Size_1*2, 1, 1.5]);
        }
    }
    translate ([0,0,In_Side_Diameter/2])
    {
// Gap for tank wall
        difference()
        {

            cylinder(h = Tank_Wall + 0.5, d = thread_outer_diameter, center = false, $fa = 0.5, $fs = 0.5 );
            cylinder(h = Tank_Wall + 1, d = Bore, center = false, $fa = 0.5, $fs = 0.5 );
        }
    }
// Thread
    translate ([0,0,In_Side_Diameter/2 +Tank_Wall + 0.5])
    {
        difference ()
        {
            or=thread_outer_diameter/2;
            ir=or-thread_step/2*cos(step_shape_degrees)/sin(step_shape_degrees);
            pf=2*PI*or;
            sn=floor(pf/resolution);
            lfxy=360/sn;
            ttn=round(thread_length/thread_step+1);
            zt=thread_step/sn;

            intersection()
            {
                thread_shape(countersink,thread_length,or,ir,sn,thread_step);
                full_thread(ttn,thread_step,sn,zt,lfxy,or,ir);
            }
            cylinder(h = thread_length + 1, d = Bore, center = false, $fa = 0.5, $fs = 0.5 );
        }
    }

// Top port
    if (Port == "outlet")
    {

        Outlet_port();
    }
    else
    {
        Inlet_port();
    }

    if (Add_Tool == "yes")
    {
        Tool();
    }
}
}
module Nut()
{
        difference()
    {
            intersection()
        {
            cylinder( h = thread_length , d = 2*((Hex_Size / 2) / cos(30)),$fn=6, center=false);

            union()
            {
                translate([0,0,thread_length/2])cylinder (h= thread_length/2, r1= (Hex_Size+thread_length)/2, r2 = Hex_Size/2,$fn=6*round(Hex_Size*PI/6/0.5));
                cylinder (h= thread_length/2, r2= (Hex_Size+thread_length)/2, r1 = Hex_Size/2,$fn=6*round(Hex_Size*PI/6/0.5));
            }
        }
        InnerD = nut_thread_outer_diameter/2-(thread_step/2+0.1)*cos(step_shape_degrees)/sin(step_shape_degrees);
        D= floor(nut_thread_outer_diameter*PI/resolution);
        translate([0,0,-0.1])
        cylinder(h=thread_step/2+0.01,
             r1=nut_thread_outer_diameter/2,
             r2=InnerD,
             $fn=D, center=false);

        translate([0,0,thread_length-thread_step/2+0.1])  cylinder(h=thread_step/2+0.01,
             r1=InnerD,
             r2=nut_thread_outer_diameter/2,
             $fn=D, center=false);

        or=nut_thread_outer_diameter/2;
        ir=or-thread_step/2*cos(    step_shape_degrees)/sin(step_shape_degrees);
        pf=2*PI*or;
        sn=floor(pf/resolution);
        lfxy=360/sn;
        ttn=round(thread_length/thread_step+1);
        zt=thread_step/sn;

        intersection()
        {
            if (-2 >= -1)
            {
            thread_shape(-2,thread_length,or,ir,sn,thread_step);
            }

            full_thread(ttn,thread_step,sn,zt,lfxy,or,ir);
        }
    }
}

module Tool()
{
    if (Connector != "slot")
        {
        difference()
    {
        union()
        {

            translate ([0,0,-In_Side_Diameter/2]) cylinder(h = In_Side_Diameter/2, d=Size_1+5,$fa = 0.5, $fs = 0.5, $fn = 50 )  ;
            translate ([0,-(Size_1/2 +2.5),-In_Side_Diameter/2]) cube([Tool_Handle_Length,Size_1+5,In_Side_Diameter/2]);
            translate ([Tool_Handle_Length,0,-In_Side_Diameter/2]) cylinder(h = In_Side_Diameter/2, d=Size_1+5,$fa = 0.5, $fs = 0.5, $fn = 50 )  ;
        }
        cylinder( h = In_Side_Diameter , d = Size_1+0.5, center = true, $fa = 0.5, $fs = 0.5, $fn = Edges )  ;
    }
    translate([-0.5, -(Size_1/2 +2.5),-In_Side_Diameter/2]) cube ([1,Size_1 /2,1]);
    translate([-0.5, 2.5,-In_Side_Diameter/2]) cube ([1,Size_1 /2,1]);
}
}

module Inlet_port()
{
    translate([0, 0,Barb_Position ])
    {
        difference()
        {
            cylinder(h = Out_Side_Diameter + 1, d = Out_Side_Diameter + 2, center = false, $fa = 0.5, $fs = 0.5 );
            cylinder(h = Out_Side_Diameter + 1.5, d = Bore, center = false, $fa = 0.5, $fs = 0.5 );
            translate([0,0,1.5])
            {
                difference()
                {
                    cylinder(h = Out_Side_Diameter + 3, d = Out_Side_Diameter, center = false, $fa = 0.5, $fs = 0.5 );
                    cylinder(h = Out_Side_Diameter + 3, d = In_Side_Diameter-0.2, center = false, $fa = 0.5, $fs = 0.5 );

                }
            }
        }
    }
}

module Outlet_port()
{
    translate([0, 0,Barb_Position ])
    {
        difference()
        {
            union()
            {
            for ( i = [1:Barb_count])
                {
                    translate([0, 0, (i - 1) * In_Side_Diameter * 0.9]) cylinder( h = In_Side_Diameter , r2 = In_Side_Diameter * 0.85 / 2, r1 = In_Side_Diameter * 1.16 / 2, $fa = 0.5, $fs = 0.5 );

                }
            }
            translate([0, 0, -0.1]) cylinder( h = In_Side_Diameter * Barb_count , d = Bore , $fa = 0.5, $fs = 0.5 );
        }
    }
}
module thread_shape(cs,lt,or,ir,sn,st)
{
        union()
        {
            translate([0,0,st/2])
              cylinder(h=lt-st+0.005, r=or, $fn=sn, center=false);

            if ( cs == -1 || cs == 2 )
            {
                cylinder(h=st/2, r1=ir, r2=or, $fn=sn, center=false);
            }
            else
            {
                cylinder(h=st/2, r=or, $fn=sn, center=false);
            }

            translate([0,0,lt-st/2])
            if ( cs == 1 || cs == 2 )
            {
                  cylinder(h=st/2, r1=or, r2=ir, $fn=sn, center=false);
            }
            else
            {
                cylinder(h=st/2, r=or, $fn=sn, center=false);
            }
        }
}
module full_thread(ttn,st,sn,zt,lfxy,or,ir)
{
  if(ir >= 0.2)
  {
    for(i=[0:ttn-1])
    {
        for(j=[0:sn-1])
			assign( pt = [	[0,                  0,                  i*st-st            ],
                        [ir*cos(j*lfxy),     ir*sin(j*lfxy),     i*st+j*zt-st       ],
                        [ir*cos((j+1)*lfxy), ir*sin((j+1)*lfxy), i*st+(j+1)*zt-st   ],
								[0,0,i*st],
                        [or*cos(j*lfxy),     or*sin(j*lfxy),     i*st+j*zt-st/2     ],
                        [or*cos((j+1)*lfxy), or*sin((j+1)*lfxy), i*st+(j+1)*zt-st/2 ],
                        [ir*cos(j*lfxy),     ir*sin(j*lfxy),     i*st+j*zt          ],
                        [ir*cos((j+1)*lfxy), ir*sin((j+1)*lfxy), i*st+(j+1)*zt      ],
                        [0,                  0,                  i*st+st            ]	])
        {
            polyhedron(points=pt,
              		  triangles=[	[1,0,3],[1,3,6],[6,3,8],[1,6,4],
											[0,1,2],[1,4,2],[2,4,5],[5,4,6],[5,6,7],[7,6,8],
											[7,8,3],[0,2,3],[3,2,7],[7,2,5]	]);
        }
    }
  }
  else
  {
    echo("Step Degrees too agresive, the thread will not be made!!");
    echo("Try to increase de value for the degrees and/or...");
    echo(" decrease the pitch value and/or...");
    echo(" increase the outer diameter value.");
  }
}

```


[User]
I want to create a customizable, twisted funnel design for 3D printing using OpenSCAD, and I need help setting it up. The funnel will consist of three sections: a bottom section with a wider radius, a middle section that tapers, and a top section with a smaller radius. I need to be able to adjust the following parameters:

*   **Number of Sides:** This will determine the number of sides of the polygonal shape forming the funnel.
*   **Three Radii (R1, R2, R3):** I need to specify the radius of the bottom (R1), middle (R2), and top (R3) sections.
*   **Three Heights (H0, H1, H2):** These will define the height of the bottom (H0), middle (H1) and top (H2) sections respectively.
*   **Thickness:** This will control the thickness of the funnel wall.
*   **Twist Angle:** This will determine the total twist angle from the bottom to the top of the funnel, and can be negative or positive.

The design should ensure no overhang issues by following these guidelines: H1 should be greater than R1-R2 and H2 should be greater than R2-R3. The twist is applied gradually along the funnel's height. The overall design will be achieved using `linear_extrude` with twist.

Also, can the code be set up so that the number of layers generated by `linear_extrude` is based on a given `LayerH` variable, so that we aren't locked into a particular number of slices per extrusion?

[Assistant]
embudotorsion_-_custom.scad:
```
//torsion funnel
//embudo torsionado
//define 3 radius dimensions
//define 3 heigths
//define thickness
/*[Funnel Settings]*/
//Number of sides
Sides=5;
//Lower section radius in mm
R1=40;
//Intermediate section radius in mm
R2=10;
//top section radius in mm
R3=9;
//Lower section height
H0=5;
//Intermediate section height
H1=30;
//top section height
H2=25;

//to avoid overhangs verify that
//H1>R1-R2
//H2>R2-R3

//Funnel thickness you might want to take into account your nozzle size
thick=0.8;

//Angle rotated from bottom to top in degrees (can be negative or positive)
Angle=-90;

LayerH=0.1;
//layer height

torsion=Angle/(H0+H1+H2);
//torsion=-360/Sides/(H1+H2);//torsion angle between R1 and R2 (deg/mm)

linear_extrude(height = H0, twist = torsion*H0, slices = H0/LayerH, scale = 1) {
rotate ( [0,0,torsion*H0])
difference () {
    circle(r=R1,$fn=Sides);
    circle(r=R1-thick,$fn=Sides);
}
}

translate([0,0,H0])
linear_extrude(height = H1, twist = torsion*H1, slices = H1/LayerH, scale = R2/R1) {
difference () {
    circle(r=R1,$fn=Sides);
    circle(r=R1-thick,$fn=Sides);
}
}

translate([0,0,H0+H1])
linear_extrude(height = H2, twist = torsion*H2, slices = H2/LayerH, scale = R3/R2) {
rotate ( [0,0,-torsion*H1])
difference () {
    circle(r=R2,$fn=Sides);
    circle(r=R2-thick,$fn=Sides);
}
}
```