[User]
Hey, I'm looking to create a parametric vase design in OpenSCAD. I'm envisioning a vase with a complex geometric pattern, sort of like a twisted, mirrored herringbone style. I'd like to be able to control several aspects of the design.

Specifically, I need a few different base shapes that can be selected via a parameter. The base shape is derived from a circle with smaller circles subtracted in a radial pattern, and that is minkowski'd with a small sphere. Then this base shape needs to be linearly extruded to form a vase section. One vase section is twisted, and the second is a mirrored and potentially reversed twisted version of the first. These are stacked on top of each other, and then the whole thing is mirrored to create the final design.

I need a few parameters exposed to customize the final vase. First, I want to select the overall style - so a "TYPE" parameter that can be one of four options: "mirrored herringbone," "mirrored," "spiral herringbone," or "spiral." This will affect how the two extruded sections are twisted relative to each other as well as whether the design is mirrored. Then I also want a parameter to control the twist angle of the initial extrusion, `TWIST_ANGLE`, another parameter to control the overall rotation, `ROTATION_ANGLE`, and two scaling parameters that will control how the base shape scales during each extrusion, `TAPER_SCALE_1` and `TAPER_SCALE_2`. It would be great if you could provide some comments that show how each parameter controls the output.

The vase itself is made by using the base shape and extruding two sections. For the first vase section, the base shape is linearly extruded upwards while scaling and twisting. Then for the second vase section, the base shape is projected and translated down, then linearly extruded upwards using a different scale and a mirrored version of the twist angle. The two extruded sections are then stacked, and then the stack is mirrored again.

For the base shape itself, please use a circle with a diameter of 200 and 16 facets, and subtract 7 smaller circles from that using a radial pattern. Each of the smaller circles should have a diameter of 145 and 15 facets, and be positioned 120 units from the center of the circle. Then the result of these subtractions should be minkowski'd with a circle with a diameter of 3 and 8 facets.

The linear extrudes for the vase sections should have a height of 100, a convexity of 10, use 30 slices, and apply the twist angle and scale based on the parameters set.

I think that's everything. Let me know if you need more clarification!

[Assistant]
vase.scad:
```
//  GEOMETRIC VASE,
//  by Garrett Goss, 2018, published 01/02/2019
//

TYPE = 0; //[0:"mirrored herringbone",1:"mirrored",2:"spiral herringbone",3:"spiral"]
TWIST_ANGLE = 60;
ROTATION_ANGLE = 10;
TAPER_SCALE_1 = 1.2;
TAPER_SCALE_2 = 1.4;

// preview[tilt:top_diagonal]

/* [Hidden] */

TWIST_ANGLE_2 = TYPE==0 ? -TWIST_ANGLE : TYPE==2 ? -TWIST_ANGLE : TWIST_ANGLE;
MIRROR = TYPE==0 ? 1 : TYPE==1 ? 1 : 0;

// Create base shape
module base(){
    minkowski(){
        difference(){
            circle(d=200,$fn=16);
            for (i=[1:7]) rotate([0,0,i*360/7]) translate([120,0,0]) rotate([0,0,180]) circle(d=145,$fn=15);
        }
    circle(3, $fn=8);
    }
}

module bottom_half(){
    linear_extrude(height=100, convexity=10, twist=TWIST_ANGLE, slices=30, scale=TAPER_SCALE_1)
        base();
}

module top_half(){
    linear_extrude(height=100, convexity=10, twist=TWIST_ANGLE_2, slices=30, scale=TAPER_SCALE_2)
        projection(cut=true)
            translate([0,0,-100])
                bottom_half();
}

// Stack bottom_half() and top_half()
module herringbone(){
    top_half();
    translate([0,0,-100])
        bottom_half();
}

// Overlay herringbone() and a mirrored copy for a fun geometrical effect
translate([0,0,100]){
    union(){
        herringbone();
        mirror([MIRROR,0,0])
            rotate([0,0,ROTATION_ANGLE])
                herringbone();
    }
}
```


[User]
I'd like to create a parametric holder for metric hex keys, similar to the design I saw on Thingiverse (thing:2818898), but with some specific customization options and a different approach for the placement of top labels.

The basic design is a cylindrical holder with holes arranged in a circle to hold the hex keys. The keys are held in by an O-ring that sits in a groove around the cylinder. I need to be able to specify the sizes of the hex keys to be held, and the design should automatically arrange the holes appropriately.

Here are the key parameters I need:

*   **`wrenchSize`**: A list of metric hex key sizes, in millimeters.
*   **`numbersOnTop`**: A boolean (1 or 0) to control whether to generate labels on the top of the holder.
*   **`numbersOnSide`**: A boolean (1 or 0) to control whether to generate labels on the side of the holder.
*   **`flipSideText`**: A boolean (1 or 0) to control whether the text on the side is flipped.
*  **`angledGroove`**: A boolean (1 or 0) to control whether the middle groove has a chamfered top edge for easier printing without supports.
*   **`A` and `B`**: Coefficients for a quadratic equation `A*i*i + B*i` which determines the angle of the holes from the center. This will be used to space out the holes in a non-linear fashion.
*   **`fontSize`**: The size of the text labels.
*   **`textOffset`**:  The spacing between the top of the text label and the edge of the hole, when labels are placed on top.
*   **`x`**: A constant multiplier for calculating the hole size based on the wrench size. This should be fixed at 1.154.
*   **`y`**: A constant to add to the hole size to provide some extra slack.
*   **`diameterOuter`**: The outer diameter of the holder.
*   **`diameterInner`**: The inner diameter of the main section of the holder.
*   **`chamfer`**: The size of the chamfers on the holes.
*   **`hMiddle`**: The height of the middle cylindrical section of the holder.
*   **`hBigChamfer`**: The height of the chamfered section in the middle groove if `angledGroove` is set.
*   **`hTop`**: The height of the top section of the holder.
*   **`hBottom`**: The height of the bottom section of the holder.
*  **`centerHoleDiam`**: The diameter of the hole in the middle of the holder, for material saving and hanging.

The hole size for each wrench should be calculated as `wrenchSize * x + y`. The holes should be offset from the outer edge of the holder by a fixed amount, with their angle from the center determined by the equation given above. The top labels should be offset from each hole's edge rather than being placed directly at the hole center, I think this would be better for spacing. Text labels should be extruded.

I'd prefer the font to be user-selectable, but if there is no way, use Liberation Sans Bold.

I would like to have a single .scad file for the design. I don't think I need any special libraries for this.

[Assistant]
Parametric_Hex_Metric_V2.scad:
```
// Creates a holder for metric hex keys. Based on https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:2818898 by Leitnin

$fn=256;   //set facet resolution, higher will take stupid time to render. 32 or 64 is enough, 256 is plenty

//Below you can customize your holder in various ways

wrenchSize = [10,8,6,5,4,3,2.5,2,1.5];  //put in your wrench sizes, in mm

//Text Location and orientation. (You can have both side and top) only put 1 or 0 here
numbersOnTop = 1;
numbersOnSide = 1;
flipSideText=0; // flips the text on the outside edge
angledGroove=1; // if the main groove has a big chamfer on top (to print without supports).

//coefficients for quadratic spacing equations for spreading out the holes.  My tip: Increase B until the large holes are far enough apart to print, then decrease A until the last hole is in a good spot.  If necessary, then you can shrink the font-size
A = -1.4;
B = 50;
//Text labels
fontSize = 3.5;
textOffset = 1; //For labels on top, spacing betwen top of text and edge of hole.

//The hole size is calculated per the following linear relationship.  wrenchSize*x+y.  The x=1.15 is a constant and comes from the flat-flat distance to the corner to corner distance (1/cos(30)=1.1547), and the Y gives some extra slack, since the point is that the o-ring not the plastic holds the wrench.  Adjust y if needed.
x=1.154; //constant
y=0.3; //Extra hole size to give some space and compensate for print shrinkage etc.

//These are the base dimensions.  If you change these, you'll need to find something that works with the o-ring you select
diameterOuter=51;
diameterInner=42.835;
chamfer=1.5;    //size of all chamfers
hMiddle=3.8;    //Height of middle part
hBigChamfer=2;  //Big slope in the middle
hTop=3;         //height of top part
hBottom=5;      //Height of bottom part
centerHoleDiam = 15;    //Center hole for material saving and hanging the tool. Can't be too big if you have the numbers on top.

//------ Functions we will need later
//This is used to place the outer edge of each hole 3mm from the outer edge of the holder.
offset=diameterOuter/2-3;
// Calculate the real size of the hole (including some slack) for each wrench
function holeSize(nomSize) = wrenchSize[nomSize] * x + y;
//Calculate the radius of each hole from the center
function holePos(pos) = offset-(holeSize(pos)/2);

//------- Build the actual geometry.
intersection()
{
    sphere(diameterOuter/2);

    difference()
    {
        union()
        {
            //Center Section
            cylinder(hMiddle,d=diameterInner,center =true);

            //Chamfer from inner to outer diameter
            if(angledGroove==1) //we have a chamfer
            {
                translate([0,0,hMiddle/2])cylinder(hBigChamfer,d1=diameterInner, d2=diameterOuter, center=false);
            }
            if(angledGroove==0) // No chamfer, just a straight section
            {
                translate([0,0,hMiddle/2])cylinder(hBigChamfer,d=diameterOuter, center=false);
            }
            //Upper Section
            translate([0,0,hMiddle/2+hBigChamfer])cylinder(3,d1=diameterOuter, d2=diameterOuter, center=false);

            //Lower Section
            translate([0,0,(hBottom/2+hMiddle/2)*-1])cylinder(hBottom,d=diameterOuter,center =true);
        }

        //Holes for wrenches
        for (i = [0:1:len(wrenchSize)-1])
        {
            //Cylindrical hole
            rotate([0,0,(A*i*i + B*i)])translate([holePos(i),0,0])cylinder(16,d=holeSize(i),center=true);

            //Chamfers top
            rotate([0,0,(A*i*i + B*i)])translate([holePos(i),0,6.5])cylinder(2,d1=holeSize(i)-chamfer, d2=holeSize(i)+chamfer,center=true);

            //Chamfers bottom
            rotate([0,0,(A*i*i + B*i)])translate([holePos(i),0,-6.5])cylinder(2,d1=holeSize(i)+chamfer, d2=holeSize(i)-chamfer,center=true);
        }

        //Wrench size labels
        if(numbersOnTop ==1)
        {
            font1 = "Liberation Sans:style=Bold"; // here you can select other font type
            translate([0,0,6.5])linear_extrude(height = 1)
            {
                for (i= [0:1:len(wrenchSize)-1])
                    {
                        rotate([0,0,(A+0.02)*i*i + B*i])translate([(holePos(i)-holeSize(i)/2-fontSize-textOffset),0,0])rotate([0,0,-90])text(str(wrenchSize[i]), font = font1, halign="center", size = fontSize, direction = "ltr", spacing = 1);
                    }
            }
        }
        if(numbersOnSide ==1)
        {
            font1 = "Liberation Sans:style=Bold"; // here you can select other font type

            for (i = [0:1:len(wrenchSize)-1])
            {
                if(flipSideText==1)
                {
                    orientation=180;

                    rotate([0,0,(A*i*i + B*i)])

                    translate([(diameterOuter/2)-1,0,-2.65])rotate([90,orientation,90])linear_extrude(height = 2)
                    {
                        text(str(wrenchSize[i]), font = font1, halign="center",  size = fontSize, direction = "ltr", spacing = 1);
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    orientation=0;
                    rotate([0,0,(A*i*i + B*i)])
                    translate([(diameterOuter/2)-1,0,-6])rotate([90,orientation,90])linear_extrude(height = 2)
                    {
                        text(str(wrenchSize[i]), font = font1, halign="center",  size = fontSize, direction = "ltr", spacing = 1);
                    }
               }
            }
        }
  //Hole in the middle including its chamfers
        union(){
                cylinder(20,d=centerHoleDiam,center=true);
                translate([0,0,6.5]) cylinder(h=chamfer,d1=centerHoleDiam,d2=centerHoleDiam+chamfer,center=true);
                translate([0,0,-6.5]) cylinder(h=chamfer,d1=centerHoleDiam+chamfer,d2=centerHoleDiam,center=true);
        }
    }
}

//Improvement from the original:
//Added center hole and its chamfers
//Refactored some of the code to remove a few magic numbers and used variables and functions instead to improve customizability
```


[User]
I'd like to design a case for my Vigorun Y3 Bluetooth earbuds, and I'd like it to be parametric so I can adjust the size if needed later. I've seen a design on Thingiverse (thing:3325318), and I want to replicate its basic shape but also incorporate the improvements mentioned in its description, specifically the convex bulge to make the lid easier to handle and the marked squeeze points.

The case itself is basically a rounded rectangular shape with a cylindrical cutout at one end for the earbuds to sit in, and a lid that fits over the main body. I'd like to have the following parameters:

*   `dg`: overall diameter of the circular ends of the case (and the diameter of the earbud compartment area). I'd like the default to be 27, and the allowable range to be from 20 to 50.
*   `bg`: the width of the rectangular midsection of the case. The default should be 55, with an allowed range of 20 to 100.
*   `lks`: the length of the case including the circular end, so also related to the earbud compartment depth (though that's slightly smaller because of the interior shell). The default is 65, with an allowed range from 20 to 100.
*   `ws`: the wall thickness, with a default of 1.5, and a range of 0.5 to 2 in increments of 0.01.

The case will have a main body and a separate lid. The lid needs to be slightly smaller so that it fits snugly over the main body but not too tight, and also needs the convex bulge mentioned earlier. The main body has a cylindrical cutout at one end, and also needs some way to "lock" the lid in place via small protrusions. The squeeze points should be marked by small indentations, as shown in the reference design, and should be a parameter so I can adjust the position. I want to be able to easily render just the main body, the lid, or both. I think that's everything.

I'm happy with how the original design used `hull()` and `difference()` for the main shapes, and I want the ability to render all parts, just the main body or just the cover. Also, I would like to be able to render a debug view where the parts are overlayed, but without the cutouts for the main shell. No libraries need to be included.

[Assistant]
CaseV2_Vigorun_Y3.scad:
```
// -----------------------------------------------------
// Case for "Vigorun Y3 Bluetooth Earbuds" V2
//
//  Detlev Ahlgrimm, 31.12.2018
//
//  03.01.2019  V2    konvexe Woelbung zugefuegt, damit der Deckel
//                    leichter aufgesetzt/abgenommen werden kann.
// -----------------------------------------------------

// diameter
dg=27;        // [20:50]

// width
bg=55;        // [20:100]

// length (+dg)
lks=65;       // [20:100]

// wall thickness
ws=1.5;       // [0.5:0.01:2]

// what to render
part=0;       // [0:body+cover, 1:body, 2:cover, 3:debug]

/* [Hidden] */
$fn=100;

// -----------------------------------------------------
//
// -----------------------------------------------------
module MainBody() {
  difference() {
    hull() {                                                            // der aeussere Koerper
      translate([-bg/2, 0, 0]) scale([0.2, 1, 1]) sphere(d=dg+2*ws);
      translate([ bg/2, 0, 0]) scale([0.2, 1, 1]) sphere(d=dg+2*ws);
      translate([0, dg/4, dg/2+ws]) scale([(bg-4*ws)/(2*ws), 1, 1]) sphere(d=2*ws);
      translate([0, dg/4, -dg/2-ws]) scale([(bg-4*ws)/(2*ws), 1, 1]) sphere(d=2*ws);
      translate([0, -lks, 0]) sphere(d=dg-2*ws);
    }
    hull() {                                                            // innen aushoehlen
      translate([-bg/2+ws, 0, 0]) rotate([0, 90, 0]) cylinder(d=dg, h=bg-2*ws);
      translate([0, dg/4, dg/2]) scale([(bg-4*ws)/(2*ws), 1, 1]) sphere(d=2*ws);
      translate([0, dg/4, -dg/2]) scale([(bg-4*ws)/(2*ws), 1, 1]) sphere(d=2*ws);
      translate([0, -lks, 0]) sphere(d=dg-4*ws);
    }
    translate([-bg, dg/4, -dg]) cube([2*bg, dg, 2*dg]);                 // unten aufmachen bzw. Platz fuer Deckel
    translate([0, -lks, 0]) rotate([90, 0, 0]) cylinder(d=dg/3, h=dg);  // oberes Loch

    for(s=[0, 1]) mirror([s, 0, 0]) hull() {                            // Einrasterung fuer den Deckel
      translate([-bg/2-1, 0, 0]) rotate([0, 90, 0]) cylinder(d=4, h=3);
      translate([-bg/2+1, dg/2-3, 0]) rotate([0, 90, 0]) cylinder(d=8, h=1);
    }
    //translate([-100, -100, 0]) cube([200, 200, 20]);    // debug
  }
  for(z=[-1, 1]) for(y=[0, ws, 2*ws, 3*ws]) hull() {                    // Oeffnungs-Markierung
    translate([-bg/5, y, z*(dg/2+ws*1.5)]) sphere(d=ws);
    translate([ bg/5, y, z*(dg/2+ws*1.5)]) sphere(d=ws);
  }
}
//MainBody();

// -----------------------------------------------------
//
// -----------------------------------------------------
module Cover() {
  intersection() {
    difference() {
      hull() {                                                          // der aeussere Koerper
        translate([-bg/2, 0, 0]) scale([0.2, 1, 1]) sphere(d=dg+2*ws);
        translate([ bg/2, 0, 0]) scale([0.2, 1, 1]) sphere(d=dg+2*ws);
        translate([0, dg/4, dg/2+ws]) scale([(bg-4*ws)/(2*ws), 1, 1]) sphere(d=2*ws);
        translate([0, dg/4, -dg/2-ws]) scale([(bg-4*ws)/(2*ws), 1, 1]) sphere(d=2*ws);
      }
      hull() {                                                          // innen aushoehlen
        translate([-bg/2+ws, 0, 0]) rotate([0, 90, 0]) cylinder(d=dg, h=bg-2*ws);
        translate([0, dg/4, dg/2]) scale([(bg-4*ws)/(2*ws), 1, 1]) sphere(d=2*ws);
        translate([0, dg/4, -dg/2]) scale([(bg-4*ws)/(2*ws), 1, 1]) sphere(d=2*ws);
      }
      translate([-bg/2-2, dg/2+ws/2, -dg/2]) cube([bg+4, 5, dg]);       // plan machen
    }
    translate([-bg, dg/4, -dg/2-3*ws]) cube([2*bg, dg, dg+6*ws]);       // nur den Deckel auswaehlen
  }
  difference() {
    for(s=[0, 1]) mirror([s, 0, 0]) union() {                           // Einrasterung zufuegen
      hull() {
        translate([-bg/2-1, 0, 0]) rotate([0, 90, 0]) cylinder(d=4-0.6, h=5);
        translate([-bg/2+1.3, dg/2-3, 0]) rotate([0, 90, 0]) cylinder(d=8-0.6, h=5);
      }
      hull() {                                                          // Luecke fuellen (bei kleiner "ws")
        translate([-bg/2, dg/2-3, 0]) rotate([0, 90, 0]) cylinder(d=8-0.6, h=5);
        translate([-bg/2+ws, dg/2-3, 0]) rotate([0, 90, 0]) cylinder(d=8, h=0.01);
      }
    }
    translate([-bg, dg/2+ws/2, -dg/2]) cube([2*bg, dg, dg]);            // moegl. Ueberstaende wegschneiden
  }
}
//Cover();

if(part==0) {
  rotate([-90, 0, 0]) translate([0, -dg/4, (dg+2*ws)/2]) MainBody();
  translate([0, -dg-6*ws, 0]) rotate([-90, 0, 0]) translate([0, -dg/2-ws/2, (dg+2*ws)/2]) Cover();
} else if(part==1) {
  rotate([-90, 0, 0]) translate([0, -dg/4, (dg+2*ws)/2]) MainBody();
} else if(part==2) {
  translate([0, -dg-2*ws, 0]) rotate([-90, 0, 0]) translate([0, -dg/2-ws/2, (dg+2*ws)/2]) Cover();
} else if(part==3) {
  difference() {
    union() {
      MainBody();
      translate([0, 0.1, 0]) Cover();
    }
    translate([-bg, -lks-dg/2-ws, 0]) cube([2*bg, lks+dg+2*ws, dg/2+4*ws]);
  }
}

```


[User]
I'm looking to create a fractal object in OpenSCAD, specifically a 3D Sierpinski cube. I've seen a few examples but want to make sure my version is fully parametric and flexible. I'd like the following features:

1.  **Adjustable Iterations:** The script needs to allow the user to specify the number of iterations for the fractal. This controls the complexity of the structure.

2.  **Full or Half Cube:** There should be a boolean parameter to switch between generating the complete Sierpinski cube, or only half of it. If half, it should be the portion created by a cut plane along a main diagonal.

3. **Parameterization:** All key parameters should be configurable. This includes the size of the starting cube, how much each iteration is scaled, and the cut plane should also be easy to change if needed. By default, the cube should be centered and each iteration scaled so it all sits within the original bounds of a cube.

4.  **Customizable Base Cube:** I'd like to be able to potentially define a different initial base shape, rather than just a cube, at some point but for now I'd like to stick with a plain cube. This is mainly to help it be easily extended in the future.

5.  **No external libraries**: The script needs to be self-contained and not rely on external libraries like MCAD or BOSL.

In summary, I need an OpenSCAD script or scripts which generate a Sierpinski cube fractal, with parameters to control the number of iterations, full or half output, and parameters for the cube, all without relying on external libraries. The half-cube version should remove the bottom half through a diagonal cut plane.

[Assistant]
Serpinski_Snowflake.scad:
```
// Number of iterations
iterations = 3;
// Half
half = true;

module sierpinski_cube(n, cell_points, cell_faces) {
    if (n == 0) {
        scale(1.1)
        cube(size=[1,1,1], center=true);
    } else {
        union() {
            translate(pow(3, n - 1) * [0,0,-0.5])
            sierpinski_cube(n - 1, cell_points, cell_faces);
            translate(pow(3, n - 1) * [0,-0.5,0])
            sierpinski_cube(n - 1, cell_points, cell_faces);
            translate(pow(3, n - 1) * [-0.5,0,0])
            sierpinski_cube(n - 1, cell_points, cell_faces);
            translate(pow(3, n - 1) * [0,0,0.5])
            sierpinski_cube(n - 1, cell_points, cell_faces);
            translate(pow(3, n - 1) * [0,0.5,0])
            sierpinski_cube(n - 1, cell_points, cell_faces);
            translate(pow(3, n - 1) * [0.5,0,0])
            sierpinski_cube(n - 1, cell_points, cell_faces);
            for (pt = cell_points) {
                translate(pow(3, n - 1) * pt)
                sierpinski_cube(n - 1, cell_points, cell_faces);
            }
        }
    }
}

FACES = [
    [0, 1, 2, 3],
    [4, 7, 6, 5],
    [0, 4, 5, 1],
    [1, 5, 6, 2],
    [2, 6, 7, 3],
    [3, 7, 4, 0]
];
POINTS = [
    [-0.5, 0.5, -0.5],
    [0.5, 0.5, -0.5],
    [0.5, -0.5, -0.5],
    [-0.5, -0.5, -0.5],
    [-0.5, 0.5, 0.5],
    [0.5, 0.5, 0.5],
    [0.5, -0.5, 0.5],
    [-0.5, -0.5, 0.5]
];

if(half) {
    difference() {
        scale(pow(1.0/3,iterations-1))
        rotate(acos(([1,1,1]*[0,0,1])/norm([1,1,1])),cross([1,1,1],[0,0,1]))
        sierpinski_cube(iterations, POINTS, FACES);

        scale(5) translate([-0.5,-0.5,0]) polyhedron( points=[
            [0, 1, 0],
            [1, 1, 0],
            [1, 0, 0],
            [0, 0, 0],
            [0, 1, -1],
            [1, 1, -1],
            [1, 0, -1],
            [0, 0, -1]
        ], faces=FACES);

    }
} else {
    scale(pow(1.0/3,iterations-1))
    sierpinski_cube(iterations, POINTS, FACES);
}

```


[User]
I'd like to create a parametric OpenSCAD model for generating dice with a variable number of sides. I've got some specific design ideas in mind, and I'll provide parameters to control various aspects.

Here's the breakdown of what I need:

**Core Functionality:**

*   **Variable Number of Sides:** The die should be able to have any number of sides specified by a parameter.
*   **Balanced Point Distribution:** The key here is to ensure the points/numbers on the die are roughly evenly distributed across the surface of a sphere. I'm thinking of an iterative approach where points repel each other, so they end up in a balanced configuration.

**Parameters:**

*   **`final_scale`**:  A global scale factor for the final die size (e.g., 10).
*   **`num_sides`**: The number of sides on the die (e.g., 4, 6, 8, 20).
*   **`max_radius`**: The radius of the sphere that the points/numbers are projected onto (e.g., 1.8).
*   **`font_size`**: The size of the text used to display the number on each side (e.g., 1).
*   **`iterations`**: The number of iterations for the point balancing algorithm (e.g., 1000).
*   **`neighborhood`**: The distance for points to repel each other in the balancing algorithm (e.g., 10).
*  **`power_law`**: A power law for repulsion forces(e.g. 2).
*   **`learning_rate`**: The rate at which points move during the balancing algorithm (e.g., 10).
*   **`learning_rate_decay`**:  A decay factor for the learning rate (e.g., 0.95) .
*   **`block_size`**: A size parameter used to construct the polyhedron for text (e.g. 100)
*   **`font_depth`**: The depth of the text when extruded (e.g., 0.1).
*    **`font_name`**: The name of the font (e.g. "Arial")

**Design Details:**

*   **Point Balancing Algorithm:** Implement the iterative point balancing. I think starting with random points on a sphere, then pushing them away from one another each iteration by a force inversely proportional to the distance, should work.
*   **Text:** Each side of the die should have a number from 1 to `num_sides`. The text needs to be properly oriented to be read on each face, and extruded slightly for visibility.
*   **Boolean Intersection:** I need the final die shape to be a spherical shape intersected with extrusions representing the number of sides.

**Implementation Details:**

*   **Modular Design:** The main die generation should be a module that takes the parameters above as inputs.
*   **Functions:** If needed, break the process into smaller functions, such as for generating balanced points, computing repulsion forces, etc.
*   **Flexibility:** The module should handle dice with both parallel and non-parallel faces. Dice with 3 or 4 sides will have numbers opposite each other. Dice with an odd number of sides will have non-parallel faces. If non-parallel, I think it may be wise to calculate the force in the direction of the negative vector as well.
*   **Comments:** Please comment the code well, so it's easier to understand.

I don't anticipate needing any external libraries for this. Can you generate the OpenSCAD code based on these requirements?

[Assistant]
Autodie.scad:
```
/* [Global] */

// Total Size
final_scale = 10;
// Number of sides
num_sides = 4;
// Truncate Radius
max_radius = 1.8;
// Font Size
font_size = 1;

/* [Polyhedra Solving] */

// Number of iterations
iterations = 1000;
// Neighborhood Size
neighborhood = 10;
// Power Law
power_law = 2;
// Learning Rate
learning_rate = 10;
// Learning Rate Decay
learning_rate_decay = 0.95;

/* [Advanced] */

// Large unit size
block_size = 100;
// Font Depth
font_depth = 0.1;
// Font Name
font_name = "Arial";

module die(final_scale = 10, num_sides, max_radius, font_size, font_name) {

    nonparallel = num_sides <= 4 || ((num_sides+1) % 2 == 0);

    function random_points(points) = [ for(i=[0:points]) rands(-1,1,3) ];
    function units(list) = [ for(i = list) i / norm(i) ];
    function sum_sublist(v,e) = e==0 ? v[e] : (v[e] + sum_sublist(v,e-1));
    function sum_list(v) = sum_sublist(v,len(v)-1);
    function force(i,j) = (j - i) * ((norm(j - i)==0 || norm(j - i)>neighborhood)?0:pow(norm(j - i), -power_law));
    function delta(list,i) = sum_list([ for(j = [0:len(list)-1]) force(list[i], list[j]) ]) + ((nonparallel)?[0,0,0]:sum_list([ for(j = [0:len(list)-1]) force(list[i], -1 * list[j]) ]));
    function iterate(list, rate) = units([ for(i = [0:len(list)-1]) list[i] + rate * delta(list,i) ]);
    function balanced_sphere(n, rate) = (n == 0) ? units(random_points((nonparallel)?(num_sides-1):(num_sides/2-1))) : iterate(balanced_sphere(n-1, rate), rate*pow(learning_rate_decay,n));

    module element(pt, label) {
        rotate(acos((pt*[0,0,1])/norm(pt)),cross(pt,[0,0,1]))
        difference() {
            polyhedron( points=[
                [-block_size, block_size, 1],
                [block_size, block_size, 1],
                [block_size, -block_size, 1],
                [-block_size, -block_size, 1],
                [-block_size, block_size, -block_size],
                [block_size, block_size, -block_size],
                [block_size, -block_size, -block_size],
                [-block_size, -block_size, -block_size]
            ], faces=[
                [0, 1, 2, 3],
                [4, 7, 6, 5],
                [0, 4, 5, 1],
                [1, 5, 6, 2],
                [2, 6, 7, 3],
                [3, 7, 4, 0]
            ]);

            translate([0,0,1-font_depth])
            linear_extrude(height = 2*font_depth, convexity = 10){
                text(text = label, font = font_name, size = font_size, valign = "center", halign = "center");
            }
        }

    }

    module intersect_list(v,e) {
        if(e==0) {
            element(v[e], str(1+e));
        } else {
            intersection() {
                element(v[e], str(1+e));
                intersect_list(v,e-1);
            };
        }
    }

    pts = balanced_sphere(iterations, -learning_rate);
    sphere_points = (nonparallel)?pts:concat(pts, [ for(i = pts) -1 * i ]);
    topside = sphere_points[len(sphere_points)-1];
    scale(final_scale/max_radius)
    translate([0,0,1])
    rotate(-acos((topside*[0,0,1])/norm(topside)),cross(topside,[0,0,1]))
    intersection() {
        sphere(r=max_radius, $fa=5, $fs=0.1);
        intersect_list(sphere_points, len(sphere_points)-1);

    }

}

/*

function die_position(n) = 30 * [floor((n-1) / 10), ((n-1) % 10), 0];

translate(die_position(1)) die(num_sides = 1,
    max_radius = 1,
    font_size = 1,
    font_name = "Comic Sans MS");

translate(die_position(2)) die(num_sides = 2,
    max_radius = 5,
    font_size = 5,
    font_name = "Comic Sans MS");

translate(die_position(4)) die(num_sides = 4,
    max_radius = 2,
    font_size = 2,
    font_name = "Comic Sans MS");

translate(die_position(6)) die(num_sides = 6,
    max_radius = 1.5,
    font_size = 1.2,
    font_name = "Comic Sans MS");

translate(die_position(8)) die(num_sides = 8,
    max_radius = 1.5,
    font_size = 1.0,
    font_name = "Comic Sans MS");

translate(die_position(10)) die(num_sides = 10,
    max_radius = 1.5,
    font_size = 0.8,
    font_name = "Comic Sans MS");

translate(die_position(12)) die(num_sides = 12,
    max_radius = 1.4,
    font_size = 0.7,
    font_name = "Comic Sans MS");

translate(die_position(14)) die(num_sides = 14,
    max_radius = 1.3,
    font_size = 0.6,
    font_name = "Comic Sans MS");

translate(die_position(16)) die(num_sides = 16,
    max_radius = 1.2,
    font_size = 0.55,
    font_name = "Comic Sans MS");

translate(die_position(18)) die(num_sides = 18,
    max_radius = 1.1,
    font_size = 0.55,
    font_name = "Comic Sans MS");

translate(die_position(20)) die(num_sides = 20,
    max_radius = 1.1,
    font_size = 0.5,
    font_name = "Comic Sans MS");

*/

die(
    final_scale = final_scale,
    num_sides = num_sides,
    max_radius = max_radius,
    font_size = font_size,
    font_name = font_name);

```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking for a parametric OpenSCAD design for creating dice with custom text labels on each face. I've got a basic idea of how I want it to work, but I need help getting the actual code written.

Here's what I'm imagining:

The core idea is to create a function or module that takes a list of text strings and uses those as labels on the faces of a die. The number of labels will determine the basic shape of the die. If the number of labels is 4 or less, it should make a normal die where every face can be different. If the number of labels is greater than four and odd, it should still be a standard die where every face can be different. However, if the number of labels is greater than four and even, it should make a die where opposite faces have opposite labels.

I'd also like to control a few other parameters, like:

*   **Overall Size:** This will be a scaling factor applied to the final die.
*   **Truncation Radius:** A radius for rounding the edges/corners of the die. This is how large I want the sphere to be when subtracting text from it.
*   **Font Size:** Size of the text labels on the faces.
*   **Font Name:** Which font to use for the labels.
*   **Font Depth:** How deep the labels are extruded on the surface of the die.

For the most part, I'd like to keep the design of the die standard. That is, if the number of faces is less than or equal to 4 or odd, it should function similar to a standard die, where each face is a unique face. If the number of faces is even and greater than 4, then I want it to look and function like a standard die where opposite faces have opposite labels. I don't want to specify the exact shape, I just want it to act like that.

For the labels on the die, I want to extrude text onto the faces. So, the text should be extruded inwards, creating an indent into the surface.

I need the script to have functions for creating evenly spaced points on a sphere. The logic for how it does this is as follows: The module should have these parameters:

*   **iterations:** Number of times the script should update the point distribution.
*   **neighborhood:** The "distance" at which points interact with each other.
*   **power_law:** Controls how much force a point exerts on its neighbors.
*   **learning_rate:** How quickly the points shift
*   **learning_rate_decay:** Controls the reduction of the learning rate.

For this, I will need to have some helper functions, including:
*   `random_points(points)` to generate an initial set of random points on the sphere.
*   `units(list)` to normalize a vector.
*   `sum_sublist(v,e)` to calculate the sum of a sublist.
*   `sum_list(v)` to calculate the sum of a list.
*   `force(i,j)` to determine the force between two points.
*   `delta(list,i)` to calculate the sum of forces on point i.
*   `iterate(list, rate)` to update a list of points given a rate.
*   `balanced_sphere(n, rate)` to generate a set of points on a sphere that are evenly spaced

Finally, I'd like to make it easy to use multiple dice at once, so maybe a function that spaces the dice out for me.

I think that covers everything. Let me know if you have any questions. Oh, and I don't want to rely on any specific libraries.

[Assistant]
Labeled_Dice.scad:
```
/* [Global] */

// Total Size
final_scale = 10;
// Number of sides
labels = ["one","two","three","four","five","six"];
// Truncate Radius
max_radius = 1.5;
// Font Size
font_size = 0.8;

/* [Polyhedra Solving] */

// Number of iterations
iterations = 1000;
// Neighborhood Size
neighborhood = 10;
// Power Law
power_law = 2;
// Learning Rate
learning_rate = 10;
// Learning Rate Decay
learning_rate_decay = 0.95;

/* [Advanced] */

// Large unit size
block_size = 100;
// Font Depth
font_depth = 0.1;
// Font Name
font_name = "Arial";
// Force Antipoles
force_antipole = 0;

module die(final_scale = 10, labels, max_radius, font_size, font_name) {

    nonparallel = len(labels) <= 4 || ((len(labels)+1) % 2 == 0);

    function random_points(points) = [ for(i=[0:points]) rands(-1,1,3) ];
    function units(list) = [ for(i = list) i / norm(i) ];
    function sum_sublist(v,e) = e==0 ? v[e] : (v[e] + sum_sublist(v,e-1));
    function sum_list(v) = sum_sublist(v,len(v)-1);
    function force(i,j) = (j - i) * ((norm(j - i)==0 || norm(j - i)>neighborhood)?0:pow(norm(j - i), -power_law));
    function delta(list,i) = sum_list([ for(j = [0:len(list)-1]) force(list[i], list[j]) ]) + ((nonparallel&&(force_antipole==0))?[0,0,0]:sum_list([ for(j = [0:len(list)-1]) force(list[i], -1 * list[j]) ]));
    function iterate(list, rate) = units([ for(i = [0:len(list)-1]) list[i] + rate * delta(list,i) ]);
    function balanced_sphere(n, rate) = (n == 0) ? units(random_points((nonparallel)?(len(labels)-1):(len(labels)/2-1))) : iterate(balanced_sphere(n-1, rate), rate*pow(learning_rate_decay,n));

    module element(pt, label) {
        rotate(acos((pt*[0,0,1])/norm(pt)),cross(pt,[0,0,1]))
        difference() {
            polyhedron( points=[
                [-block_size, block_size, 1],
                [block_size, block_size, 1],
                [block_size, -block_size, 1],
                [-block_size, -block_size, 1],
                [-block_size, block_size, -block_size],
                [block_size, block_size, -block_size],
                [block_size, -block_size, -block_size],
                [-block_size, -block_size, -block_size]
            ], faces=[
                [0, 1, 2, 3],
                [4, 7, 6, 5],
                [0, 4, 5, 1],
                [1, 5, 6, 2],
                [2, 6, 7, 3],
                [3, 7, 4, 0]
            ]);

            translate([0,0,1-font_depth])
            linear_extrude(height = 2*font_depth, convexity = 10){
                text(text = label, font = font_name, size = font_size, valign = "center", halign = "center");
            }
        }

    }

    module intersect_list(v,e) {
        if(e==0) {
            element(v[e], labels[e]);
        } else {
            intersection() {
                element(v[e], labels[e]);
                intersect_list(v,e-1);
            };
        }
    }

    pts = balanced_sphere(iterations, -learning_rate);
    sphere_points = (nonparallel)?pts:concat(pts, [ for(i = pts) -1 * i ]);
    topside = sphere_points[len(sphere_points)-1];
    scale(final_scale/max_radius)
    translate([0,0,1])
    rotate(-acos((topside*[0,0,1])/norm(topside)),cross(topside,[0,0,1]))
    intersection() {
        sphere(r=max_radius, $fa=5, $fs=0.1);
        intersect_list(sphere_points, len(sphere_points)-1);

    }

}

function die_position(n) = 25 * [floor((n-1) / 5), ((n) % 5), 0];

/** Time Dice

translate(die_position(1)) die(
    final_scale = final_scale,
    labels = ["Mon","Tue","Wed","Thur","Fri","Sat","Sun"],
    max_radius = 1.4,
    font_size = .6,
    font_name = "Comic Sans MS");

translate(die_position(2)) die(
    final_scale = final_scale,
    labels = ["Mon","Tue","Wed","Thur","Fri"],
    max_radius = 1.7,
    font_size = .75,
    font_name = "Comic Sans MS");

translate(die_position(3)) die(
    final_scale = final_scale,
    labels = ["Jan","Feb","Mar","Apr","May","June","July","Aug","Sept","Oct","Dec"],
    max_radius = 1.25,
    font_size = 0.4,
    font_name = "Comic Sans MS");
**/

/** Single Dice

**/
die(
    final_scale = final_scale,
    labels = labels,
    max_radius = max_radius,
    font_size = font_size,
    font_name = font_name);

```


[User]
I'd like to create a customizable keychain with multiple lines of text, each line potentially having a different font and size. Here are the specifications:

**Text Input:**

*   The design should accept a list of strings, where each string represents a line of text for the keychain. For example, `["My First Line", "My Second Line"]`.
*   There needs to be a corresponding list of font sizes, one for each line of text. For example, `[10, 8]`.
*   Similarly, a list of font names needs to be specified, also one per line, such as `["Arial", "Times New Roman"]`. I'd like to be able to use any fonts available through the standard OpenSCAD `text()` function; ideally anything from fonts.google.com would work, but I can live with OpenSCAD's defaults if not.
*   I need to be able to set the text height, which will apply to all lines. For example, `textheight = 2`.

**Layout:**

*   The lines of text should be stacked vertically, with the vertical spacing between lines controlled by a `linespacingfactor` applied to each font size (e.g., `linespacingfactor = 1.5` would mean the vertical space between lines is 1.5 times the sum of the font size for previous lines).
*   There should be a `characterspacingfactor` to control the horizontal spacing between letters (e.g., `characterspacingfactor = 1.0`).
*   The text can be aligned either left or center horizontally; a `horizontalalign` parameter should allow me to specify that.
*   The keychain should have a frame surrounding the text.

**Frame:**

*   The frame should have a specified height (`frameheight`) and thickness (`framethicknes`).
*   The frame should be generated by offsetting the combined text and ring shapes.
*   The main piece of the design should have a specified base height (`baseheight`).
*   The text should be extruded up to its `textheight`, then the frame should be extruded above that.

**Rings:**

*   There should be a ring on the left side of the text, generated using a `ring()` module, and optionally a ring on the right side if `right_ring` is set to `"yes"`.
*   The rings need to be positioned correctly, which will likely involve a correction factor (`lencorrect`) since text length isn't precise.
*   The rings should move along with the text when `horizontalalign` is changed (e.g., they're centered as a group along with the text).
*   The rings should be created via `hull()` with a `difference()` to remove the inner part of the ring, and should use circles for the geometry.

**Output Options:**

*   I need to be able to control if the text and the frame should be printed as separate parts or single part through `multi_material_print_text` and `multi_material_print_frame`. Setting either of these to `"yes"` should trigger the separate text or frame extrusion.
*  I'd also like to be able to have the text as a cut-out instead of embossed through `inverse` set to `"yes"`.

**Other:**

*   A standard `$fn=50` should be used for circle resolution.
*  The text needs to be offset from the frame when it is generated as a single part for better printing using an `offsetr` variable.

Can you provide me with an OpenSCAD file (or files) that implements this design, making all parameters customizable? I don't need any libraries for this design.

[Assistant]
keychain_multiline_mm_by_ks_v2.scad:
```
//list of lines, separated by "," each line has to be double quoted
yourname=["this is my","name tag"];
// as many sizes as lines are in yourname
fontsize=[6,10,8,8];
//height is the same for all lines
textheight=2;
//horizontal align of the lines
horizontalalign="center"; //[left, center]
frameheight=3;
framethicknes=2;
baseheight=0.6;
//as many fonts as lines are in "yourname". You can use (nearly) all fonts of fonts.google.com for example Arial,Gloria Hallelujah, Pacifico, Courgette, Permanent Marker, Domine:Domine bold, Ultra, Bevan, Corben:Corben bold, Coustard:Coustard bold, ZCOOL QingKe HuangYou
fontname=["Courgette","Pacifico"];
//space between the lines depends on the fontsize and this factor
linespacingfactor=1.5;
//space between the characters depends on the fontsize and this factor
characterspacingfactor=1.0;
//ring on the right side, too
right_ring = "yes"; //[no, yes]
//correction factor for both rings, if not the right distance to the text
lencorrect=0.65;
$fn=50;
//the frame arround the single characters
offsetr = 6;
inverse="no";//[yes,no]
multi_material_print_text="yes";//[yes,no]
multi_material_print_frame="yes";//[yes,no]

/* [Hidden] */

ringlength = (len(yourname[0])*fontsize[0]*lencorrect)/2;
ringmove = horizontalalign == "center" ? 0 : ringlength;

function add(v, i = 0, r = 0) = i < len(v) ? add(v, i + 1, r + v[i]) : r;
function sublist(list, from=0, to) =
    let( end = (to==undef ? len(list)-1 : to) )
    [ for(i=[from:end]) list[i] ];

if (inverse == "no"){
  if (multi_material_print_frame == "yes"){
    linear_extrude(height = baseheight) {
      offset(r = offsetr) maketext(yourname,fontsize,0);
      translate([ringmove,0,0])ring(ringlength);
      if (right_ring == "yes"){
        translate([ringmove,0,0])mirror([1,0,0])ring(ringlength);
      }
    }
    translate([0,0,baseheight])linear_extrude(height = frameheight-baseheight) {
      difference(){
        union(){
          offset(r = offsetr*characterspacingfactor) maketext(yourname,fontsize,0);
          translate([ringmove,0,0])ring(ringlength);
          if (right_ring == "yes"){
            translate([ringmove,0,0])mirror([1,0,0])ring(ringlength);
          }
        }
      offset(r = (offsetr-framethicknes)*characterspacingfactor)offset(r=-offsetr*characterspacingfactor) offset(r=+offsetr*characterspacingfactor) maketext(yourname,fontsize,0);
      }
    }
  }
  if (multi_material_print_text == "yes"){
    translate([0,0,baseheight])maketext(yourname,fontsize,textheight-baseheight);
  }
}else{
  if (multi_material_print_frame == "yes"){
    color("blue")linear_extrude(height = frameheight-textheight) {
      offset(r = offsetr-1*characterspacingfactor) maketext(yourname,fontsize,0);
      translate([ringmove,0,0])ring(ringlength);
      if (right_ring == "yes"){
        translate([ringmove,0,0])mirror([1,0,0])ring(ringlength);
      }
    }
  }
  if (multi_material_print_text == "yes"){
    translate([0,0,frameheight-textheight])linear_extrude(height = textheight) {
      difference(){
        union(){
          offset(r = offsetr-1*characterspacingfactor) maketext(yourname,fontsize,0);
          translate([ringmove,0,0])ring(ringlength);
          if (right_ring == "yes"){
            translate([ringmove,0,0])mirror([1,0,0])ring(ringlength);
          }
        }
        maketext(yourname,fontsize,0);
      }
    }
  }
}

module maketext(alltext,textsize,textheight){
  if (textheight > 0){
    color("red")linear_extrude(height = textheight) {
      //text(zeichen, font = fontname, size = groesse, direction = "ltr",  spacing = 1 );
      translate([0,0,0])multiLine(alltext, textsize, fontname);
    }
  }else{
    //text(zeichen, font = fontname, size = groesse, direction = "ltr",  spacing = 1 );
    translate([0,0,0])multiLine(alltext, textsize, fontname);
  }
}

module ring(rlength){
  difference(){
    hull(){
      //translate([-2-offsetr,-fontsize[0]/2])circle(r=4);
      translate([-rlength-offsetr-2,-fontsize[0]*linespacingfactor*0.7])circle(r=4);
      translate([0,-fontsize[0]*linespacingfactor*0.7])circle(r=4);
    }
    translate([-rlength-offsetr-2,-fontsize[0]*linespacingfactor*0.7])circle(r=2);
  }
}

module multiLine(lines, tsize, fonttitel){
  union(){
    for (i = [0 : len(lines)-1]){
      translate([0 , -1 * (add(sublist(tsize,0,i))) * linespacingfactor, 0 ]) text(lines[i], font = fonttitel[i], size = tsize[i], direction = "ltr",  spacing = characterspacingfactor, valign = "center", halign = horizontalalign);
    }
  }
}

```


[User]
I want to design a customizable Stardew Valley-style farm plot that I can 3D print and use with magnets! It should be a grid of individual square plots, each with a recess for a magnet. I'd like to be able to control the number of rows and columns of plots, the size of each plot, the size of the magnet recess, and the thickness of the walls around the plots and the whole field. I also need to have some padding around the edges of the entire field, which should be settable or based on the plot's insert padding. Basically, I want to recreate the functionality of the `Stardew_Valley_Field.scad` file I've seen, but I'd like to have it as an easily adjustable parametric design from the ground up.

Specifically, I'd like to be able to set the following parameters:

*   `plotRows`: The number of rows of plots.
*   `plotColumns`: The number of columns of plots.
*   `fieldPadding`: The padding around the edges of the entire field. If set to -1, it should automatically be set to be the same as the padding between the insert and the next plot. If set to 0, the fields should touch allowing for the easy joining of multiple fields.
*   `plotSize`: The size of each square plot in mm.
*   `insertSize`: The size of the magnet insert in mm.  This determines the square cutout size.
*   `insertHeight`: The depth of the magnet insert in mm.
*   `wallThickness`: The thickness of the walls.
*   `topLayerHeight`: The height of the top layer above the insert.
*   `printerTolerance`: Additional padding for inserts due to printing tolerances in mm.

The code should generate a field with a base, walls around the outside, and recesses for each magnet. The magnet recesses should be centered in each square plot and should be calculated from the insert size and printer tolerance. The field padding should also be calculated and automatically set if `fieldPadding` is set to -1.

I'm not sure if it makes sense to use any libraries for something this simple, but if any would greatly simplify things, feel free. The final model should be solid. I'd also prefer that the `union` operation is used as in the supplied example to create the field to aid in printing.

Could you generate the necessary OpenSCAD file(s) for this?

[Assistant]
Stardew_Valley_Field.scad:
```
// Number of plots in a column.
plotRows = 3;

// Number of plots in a row.
plotColumns = 4;

// Additional padding around edges of the field, in mm. If set to -1, is set to padding for another plot. If set to 0, you can glue many fields together!
fieldPadding = -1;

// Size of each square plot, in mm.
plotSize = 28;

// Maximum length of each plot's magnetic insert, in mm.
insertSize = 17.8;

// Maximum height of each plot's magnetic insert, in mm.
insertHeight = 5;

// Thickness of walls around each plot and the entire field, in mm.
wallThickness = 1;

// Size between the insert and the top surface, in mm.
topLayerHeight = 2;

// Additional padding for inserts due to printing tolerance, in mm.
printerTolerance = 0.2;

  ////////////////////////
 // Computed Variables //
////////////////////////

// Distance around insert to the next plot, in mm.
insertPaddingWithTolerance = (plotSize - insertSize + printerTolerance)/2;

// Height of the insert with printer tolerance, in mm.
insertHeightWithTolerance = insertHeight + printerTolerance;

// Automatic field padding based on insert padding.
autoFieldPadding = fieldPadding < 0 ? insertPaddingWithTolerance : fieldPadding;

  ///////////////
 // Generator //
///////////////
union() {
    // Farming field
    difference () {
        // Entire field
        translate([-autoFieldPadding - wallThickness, -autoFieldPadding - wallThickness, -topLayerHeight])
        cube(size=[(plotRows * plotSize) + (autoFieldPadding * 2) + (wallThickness * 2), (plotColumns * plotSize) + (autoFieldPadding * 2) + (wallThickness * 2), insertHeightWithTolerance + topLayerHeight], center=false);

        // Shelled
        translate([-autoFieldPadding, -autoFieldPadding, 0])
        cube(size=[(plotRows * plotSize) + (autoFieldPadding * 2), (plotColumns * plotSize) + (autoFieldPadding * 2), insertHeightWithTolerance + topLayerHeight], center=false);
    }

    // Plot insert cutouts
    for(i = [0:plotRows-1]) {
        for(j = [0:plotColumns-1]) {
            difference() {
                translate([insertPaddingWithTolerance + (i * plotSize) - wallThickness, insertPaddingWithTolerance + (j * plotSize) - wallThickness, 0])
                cube([plotSize - (2 * insertPaddingWithTolerance) + (wallThickness * 2), plotSize - (2 * insertPaddingWithTolerance) + (wallThickness * 2), insertHeightWithTolerance]);

                translate([insertPaddingWithTolerance + (i * plotSize), insertPaddingWithTolerance + (j * plotSize), 0])
                cube([plotSize - (2 * insertPaddingWithTolerance), plotSize - (2 * insertPaddingWithTolerance), insertHeightWithTolerance]);
            }
        }
    }
}
```


[User]
I need a parametric OpenSCAD design for a radiator hook. I've already got a working version, but I want to start over to make sure I really understand how to design one of these things.

The hook needs to grip two horizontal bars on a radiator, with a hook at the front for hanging things. The main parameters I need to be able to control are:

*   `diameter`: The diameter of the radiator bars (measured).
*   `distance`: The center-to-center distance between the radiator bars (measured).
*   `thickness`: The wall thickness of the hook.
*   `space_h`: The distance from the center of the front hook to the front face of the radiator bar
*   `shift_h`: How far the center of the front hook is shifted up relative to the front face of the radiator bar.
*   `height_h`: The vertical height of the front hook where a hanging object will make contact with it
*   `alpha_t`: The angle for the top hook (measured in degrees, relative to horizontal)
*   `alpha_b`: The angle for the bottom hook (measured in degrees, relative to horizontal)
*   `width`: The width of the hook.

Essentially, it should make a kind of "C" shape that fits over the radiator bars, with an additional hook in the front. The hook's main body should consist of two partial rings (defined by `alpha_t` and `alpha_b`) and two straight segments connecting those. The front hook should consist of a smaller partial ring and a small rectangle to connect with that ring.

I want to be able to control the angles for the top and bottom hooks.

I'm not using any specific libraries at this point, so the code should be self-contained. I'd prefer it if it used `linear_extrude` to create the 3D object from a 2D shape.

Could you generate the OpenSCAD code for this?

[Assistant]
radiator_hook_AN.scad:
```

diameter=18.2; // measured : bar diameter
distance=52.2; // measured : distance between the bars (including bars)
thickness=4; // wall thickness
space_h=12; // front hook distance
shift_h=12; // front hook shift
height_h=6; // front hook height
alpha_t=210; // top hook angle
alpha_b=135; // bottom hook angle
$fn=60;
width=12; // width of the hook

radius=diameter/2;
distance_c=distance-2*radius;
radius_h=space_h/2;

module part_square(p_size,p_alpha) {
if (p_alpha < 0)
    mirror([0,1]) part_square(p_size,-p_alpha);
else if (p_alpha >= 360)
    part_square(p_size,p_alpha-360);
else if (p_alpha >= 180)
    union() {
        translate([-p_size,0]) square([2*p_size,p_size]);
        rotate(180) part_square(p_size,p_alpha-180);
    }
else if (p_alpha >= 90)
    union() {
        square([p_size,p_size]);
        rotate(90) part_square(p_size,p_alpha-90);
    }
else if (p_alpha > 45)
    difference() {
        square([p_size,p_size]);
        mirror([1,-1]) part_square(p_size,90-p_alpha);
    }
else
    polygon([[0,0],[p_size,0],[p_size,tan(p_alpha)*p_size]]);
}

module part_ring(p_radius,p_thickness,p_alpha){
    p_length=p_radius+p_thickness;
    intersection() {
        difference() {
            circle(p_length);
            circle(p_radius);
        }
        part_square(p_length,p_alpha);
    };
}

linear_extrude(width){
    translate([0,distance_c]) part_ring(radius,thickness,alpha_t);
    translate([radius,0]) square([thickness,distance_c]);
    mirror([0,1]) part_ring(radius,thickness,alpha_b);
    translate([radius+radius_h+thickness,shift_h]) rotate(180)
        part_ring(radius_h,thickness,180);
    translate([radius+2*radius_h+thickness,shift_h])
        square([thickness,height_h]);
}

```


[User]
Okay, I'm looking for an OpenSCAD design for a heart-shaped basket or bowl, and I'd like it to be parametric so I can adjust things like size, thickness, and the shape of the heart profile. The attached SCAD file, "heartbowl1.scad," shows the basic idea, but it's a bit slow to render and could be more flexible.

Specifically, I want to control these parameters:

*   **Overall Size:**  I'd like to set the radius of the top and bottom of the heart shape independently, both along the main axis and the perpendicular axis (so four radii). I also want to control the overall height.
*   **Heart Shape:** The provided code uses a function, `hf(a)`, to shape the heart. I’d like to be able to specify different equations for this function, with an easy way to switch between them (e.g., absolute value, square root, or a power function like the code). The power function should have its exponent controllable.
*   **Sine Wave Detail:** The design uses sine waves to create the wavy surface. I need to control the number of wave periods, and the thickness of these waves.
*   **Base Thickness:** There should be a parameter for the thickness of the flat bottom of the basket/bowl.
*   **Wall Thickness:** I need a parameter to control the thickness of the "walls" that extend upward from the wavy surface. I also want to be able to control how far up those walls go - all the way to the top of the wave, not at all, or anywhere in between.  If this wall thickness is set to zero, it should not generate any walls.
* **Rendering Detail** A setting to change the `$fn` variable that control the overall rendering detail.

The code uses a technique of hulling spheres and cylinders, which seems to work okay, but I'm open to other suggestions if there's a more efficient or flexible way to achieve the same effect.

Ideally, the design should allow for generating an open basket, a partially enclosed basket with walls going partway up, or a full bowl, all by just changing the parameters. It shouldn’t require any manual editing of the code to change between them, and it would be awesome if the changes rendered quickly.

I'd like the final output to be a single .scad file that includes all these functions, with comments, and I would prefer not to rely on any external libraries. I think that's all.

[Assistant]
heartbowl1.scad:
```
//adjust rendering quality
$fn=36;
astep=1/4;

//adjust bowl size
r1t=90;
r2t=70;
r1b=90*0.6;
r2b=70*0.6;
h=50;

//number of sine wave periods
n=6;

//thickness
t1=6; //sine wave thickness
t2=4; //bottom thickness
t3=1; //wall thickness, set to 0 to turn off
wm=0; //walls to bottom=0, to lowest sine=1

//choose a function for shaping the heart
//function hf(a)=abs(a);
//function hf(a)=sqrt(abs(a));
function hf(a)=pow(abs(a),.8); //the exponent is adjustable...

for (i=[astep:astep:360])
{
    hull()
    {
        translate([0,0,-t2])
            cylinder(h=t2,d=1);
        translate([r1b*sin(i),r2b*cos(i)+r1b*hf(sin(i)),-t2])
            cylinder(h=t2,d=t1);
        translate([r1b*sin(i-astep),r2b*cos(i-astep)+r1b*hf(sin(i-astep)),-t2])
            cylinder(h=t2,d=t1);
    }

    hull()
    {
        translate(trp(sin(i),cos(i),(1-cos(i*n))/2))
            sphere(d=t1);
        translate(trp(sin(i-astep),cos(i-astep),(1-cos((i-astep)*n))/2))
            sphere(d=t1);
    }

    hull()
    {
        translate(trp(sin(i),cos(i),(1-cos(i*n+120))/2))
            sphere(d=t1);
        translate(trp(sin(i-astep),cos(i-astep),(1-cos((i-astep)*n+120))/2))
            sphere(d=t1);
    }

    hull()
    {
        translate(trp(sin(i),cos(i),(1-cos(i*n-120))/2))
            sphere(d=t1);
        translate(trp(sin(i-astep),cos(i-astep),(1-cos((i-astep)*n-120))/2))
            sphere(d=t1);
    }

    if (t3>0)
    hull()
    {
        translate(trp(sin(i),cos(i),(1-min(cos(i*n),cos(i*n+120),cos(i*n-120)))/2))
            sphere(d=t3);
        translate(trp(sin(i-astep),cos(i-astep),(1-min(cos(i*n),cos(i*n+120),cos(i*n-120)))/2))
            sphere(d=t3);

        translate(trp(sin(i),cos(i),min(wm,(1-max(cos(i*n),cos(i*n+120),cos(i*n-120)))/2)))
            sphere(d=t3);
        translate(trp(sin(i-astep),cos(i-astep),max(wm,(1-min(cos(i*n),cos(i*n+120),cos(i*n-120)))/2)))
            sphere(d=t3);

    }

}

function trp(x,y,z)=[(z*r1t+(1-z)*r1b)*x,(z*r2t+(1-z)*r2b)*y+(z*r1t+(1-z)*r1b)*hf(x),h*z];

```


[User]
I'd like to design a custom coffee scoop and funnel for my Bialetti moka pot. I'm using a 2-cup size, and I need both to be parametric so I can adjust them to different sizes later.

For the scoop, I envision a design that combines a conical section with a spherical bottom, attached to a handle. The important things are:

*   **Capacity:** I'd like to be able to specify the scoop's capacity in milliliters.
*   **Handle:**  The handle should have configurable width, thickness, and length. It should also have rounded ends.
*   **Conical Section:** The conical section's height should be adjustable relative to the sphere's radius, and the angle of the cone should be configurable.
*   **Wall Thickness:** The wall thickness of the spoon (both cone/sphere and handle) should be adjustable.

I'm thinking it would be helpful to have the following customizable parameters:

*   `th`: Handle thickness
*   `wh`: Handle width
*   `lh`: Handle length
*   `rh`: Handle rounding radius
*   `c`: Capacity in milliliters
*   `t`: Spoon wall thickness
*   `hc`: Relative height of the conical section (0 = no cone, 1 = cone height equal to sphere radius)
*   `phi`: Angle of the conical section (90 degrees is cylindrical)

The funnel is much simpler, but also needs to be parametric so I can resize it if I get a new moka pot. It should have a collar that sits on the top of the moka pot. Here are the important parameters I need control over:

*   **Collar:** The height and width of the collar need to be adjustable.
*   **Top/Bottom Radii:** The inner and outer radii at both the top and bottom of the funnel need to be configurable.
*   **Height:** The overall height of the funnel (without the collar) needs to be configurable.

I think these parameters will work:
*   `stegh`: Collar height
*   `stegb`: Collar width
*   `rui`: Inner radius of funnel (top)
*   `rua`: Outer radius of funnel (top)
*   `roi`: Inner radius of funnel (bottom)
*   `roa`: Outer radius of funnel (bottom)
*   `h`: Funnel height (without collar)

It would be best if this design could be done using only standard OpenSCAD modules, rather than relying on external libraries.

Could you generate the .scad files for these designs?

[Assistant]
spoon.scad:
```

// thickness of handle
th = 4;

// width of handle
wh = 16;

// length of handle (measured from center)
lh = 50;

//radius of handle rounding
rh = 1;

// capacity in ml
c = 33;

//wall thickness of spoon
t = 2;

//relative height of conical part, 0= no conical part, 1= conical height identical to radius of sphere
hc =0.5;

// angle of conical part, 90 means cylindrical
phi = 80;

module dummy() {
    //end of configurable section of customizer
}

fn=128;
fnr = 16;

a1 = sin(phi);
h1 = 1 - cos(phi);
pi = 3.141592;
Vsphere1 = pi/3*sqr(h1)*(3*1-h1);
//rcone1 = a1 * (1 / cos(phi) * hc);
rcone1 = a1 + hc / tan(phi);
Vcone1 = hc * pi / 3 *(sqr(a1) + a1*rcone1 + sqr(rcone1));

s = pow(c*1000 / (Vcone1 + Vsphere1),1/3); //scalefactor
s1= 1;
echo(Vcone1 , Vsphere1, s);
echo(rcone1,a1);
//intersection() { mycube([100,100,100],[true,false,false]);
difference()
{

    union() {
        scale([(rcone1*s+t/sin(phi))/(rcone1*s),(rcone1*s+t)/(rcone1*s),((hc+h1)*s+t)/((hc+h1)*s)]) spoon(rcone1*s,a1*s,1*s,hc*s,(1-h1)*s);
        intersection() {
            mycube([lh,wh,th],[false,true,false]);
            hull() for (dx=[0,1]) for (dy=[-1,1]) for (dz=[0,1])
            translate([dx*(lh-rh),dy*(wh/2-rh),dz*(th-rh)]) sphere(r=rh,$fn=fnr);
        }
    }

    translate([0,0,-0.001])spoon(rcone1*s,a1*s,1*s,hc*s,(1-h1)*s);
}
//}
function sqr(a) = ((a)*(a));
module spoon(r1,r2,rs,hc,dh)
{
    cylinder(r1=r1,r2=r2,h=hc,$fn=fn);
    translate([0,0,hc-dh])intersection(){
        sphere(r=rs,$fn=fn);
        //#translate([0,0,rs-dh]) mycube([2*rs+1,2*rs+1,rs],[true,true,false]);
        translate([0,0,dh]) cylinder(r=r2,h=rs,$fn=fn);
    }
}

module mycube(pos,center=[false,false,false])
{
    translate([center[0]?-pos[0]/2:0,center[1]?-pos[1]/2:0,center[2]?-pos[2]/2:0])cube(pos);
}

```
funnel_bialetti.scad:
```

stegh = 3;          // height of collar
stegb = 1;          // width of collar
rui = 41/2 - stegb; // inner radius of funnel (top (smaller side))
rua = 49/2;         // outer radius of funnel (top)
roi = rui + 10;     // inner radius of funnel (bottom)
rand = 3;
roa = roi + rand;   // outer radius of funnel (bottom)
h = 30;             // height of funnel without collar

module sshape(b=1,h=1,w=0,fn=128) {
    r = 1 / ( 2 - sqrt(2));
    o = 1 / sqrt(2) * r;
    br = w /b;
    scale ([b,h]) scale([1,0.5]) {
        intersection() {
            translate([-1/2-br,-1]) square([1+br,1]);
            translate([-o,-o]) circle(r,$fn=fn);
        }
        difference() {
            translate([-1/2-br,0]) square([1/2+br,1]);
            translate([o,o]) circle(r,$fn=fn);
        }
}
}

b1 = roi-rui;
b2 = roa-rua;
rotate_extrude(convexity = 10 , $fn=256) {
    difference()
    {
        translate ([rua + b2/2 + 0 * rand,0])  sshape(b2,h,rua+b2);
        translate ([rui + b1/2,0]) sshape(b1,h+0.001,rui+b1);
    }
    translate ([rui+.12 ,h/2-0.001]) square([stegb,stegh]);
}

```


[User]
Hi, I'm looking to create a custom replacement knob for my slow cooker using OpenSCAD, and I've got some specific requirements I'd like to parameterize. I found a similar design on Thingiverse that I can use as a reference, and I'll paste that code below, but I'd like you to create new parametric SCAD files from scratch.

Here are the requirements:

1.  **Overall Knob Base:**
    *   I need to define the outer diameter of the main cylindrical base. It should be a parameter. Let's call it `Outer_D`.
    *   The height of this base cylinder should also be a parameter. Let's call it `Outer_h`.

2.  **Finger Hold on Top:**
    *   The top part of the knob should have a raised section for grip. This should be created using a hull or similar technique and have its diameter be a parameter `Top_Part_Diam` and its height a parameter `Top_Part_H` . I would like the side profile of this grip to look like two rounded segments joined together.

3.  **Small Dot Marker:**
     * There should be a small cylindrical dot on top as a visual marker of the knob's orientation. The diameter of this dot should be a parameter `Dot_Diam`.  It should be positioned near the outer edge of the top circular face.

4.  **D-Shaped Stem Hole:**
    *   The knob needs a D-shaped hole to fit onto the slow cooker's control stem. The diameter of the main circular part of the D should be a parameter. I think it is specified as `d_stem_d`.
    *   There also needs to be a parameter, `D_Stem_Len`, to define the depth of the D hole in the knob.
    * I think the flat part of the "D" should be controlled by an offset parameter, `keyway_x_offset`.

5.  **D-Stem Preview:**
    *  I would like a way to visualize the D-shaped stem, ideally as an optional preview (parameterized as  `Preview_D_Stem` set to either 'first' or 'second'). The preview itself should have a height parameter `D_stem_preview_height`. The visualization should be capable of rotating with a parameter called `Stem_Rotate`. There also needs to be an `D_marker_H_offset` parameter for the height of the preview feature.

6.  **Underside Hollow:**
    *  For heat dissipation, the underside of the knob base should be hollowed out with a series of triangular cutouts.

7.  **Chamfer:**
    * I need a chamfer around the top edge of the knob base (where it meets the finger grip feature.)

I think that covers all the parameters that I'll need to customize my knob design. Could you create the OpenSCAD files for me, using these parameters? I would like it to be designed with user friendly parameters at the top of the file. It would be nice if the file used the "minkowski" function to create the rounded profile of the finger grip.

Thanks!

[Assistant]
crock_pot_knob_customizer_v1.scad:
```
/* Crock Pot Knob Customizer version 1, by cpayne3d January 7, 2019 [prev ver Dec 25, 2016]  Creative commons - Non Commercial - share alike license. */

// preview[view:south, tilt:top]

/* [Knob Base Settings] */
// - Outer Diameter of knob base(def=30)
Outer_D = 30; //[15:100]
outer_rad = Outer_D /2;

// - Height of knob base(def=9)
Outer_h = 9;  //[5:30]

/* [Knob Finger Hold Settings] */
// - Diam of the finger hold(def=10)
Top_Part_Diam = 10; //[3:15]
top_part_rad = Top_Part_Diam /2;

// - Height of the Finger Hold(def=10)
Top_Part_H = 10; //[4:20]

// - Diam of Knob Dot(def=4)
Dot_Diam = 4; //[2:8]
dot_rad = Dot_Diam /2;

/* [Rotary D_Stem Settings] */
// - View Rotary Stem, *disable before exporting*
Preview_D_Stem = "second"; // [first:Preview,second:No Preview]

// - Raise Preview of D_Stem marker(def=0)
D_marker_H_offset = 0; //[0:5]

// - Degree of Rotation of Stem post(def=0)
Stem_Rotate = 0; //[0:270]

// - Height of D_Stem Post(def=10)
D_Stem_Len = 10;  //[5:40]

/* [Hidden] */
// - Diameter of the D-stem
d_stem_d = 6.8  /2;
D_stem_preview_height = 4;

// - Offset of keyway cut
keyway_x_offset = d_stem_d /2;

difference() {
union() {    // create the knob base, then chamfer the top edge
difference() {
  cylinder(h=Outer_h, r=outer_rad*2, $fn=100);   // knob base cylinder

// difference a chamfer on edge of base
translate([0, 0, Outer_h - 0.5]) for (n=[0:40])
 rotate([0, 0, n * 15])
    {
        translate([outer_rad *2 , 0, 0])
        scale([1.2, 1.25, 1]) rotate([0, -30, 180]) cylinder(h=2, r=outer_rad*2 /3, $fn=3);
    }
} // end local difference for the chamfer on the knob base

// Create the finger hold on top of the knob.
minkowski() {
 hull() {  // hull together two cylinders to make the top finger hold
  translate([-(outer_rad*2 - top_part_rad*2 *1.5), 0, Outer_h])  // top part x-- side
    cylinder(h=Top_Part_H, r=top_part_rad*2, $fn=100);   // knob top cylinder

  translate([(outer_rad*2 - top_part_rad*2 *1.5), 0, Outer_h])  // top part x++ side
    cylinder(h=Top_Part_H, r=top_part_rad*2, $fn=100);   // knob top cylinder
  }  // end hull

rotate([0, 90, 0]) cylinder(h=1, r=1, $fn=30); // the cylinder for minkowski function
} // end minkowski

/////////////////////////////////////////
// PREVIEW D_Stem direction marker
 if (Preview_D_Stem == "first") {
 difference() {
translate([0, 0, Outer_h + Top_Part_H + D_marker_H_offset -2]) rotate(Stem_Rotate) scale(1.25) show_d_stem(D_stem_preview_height);

translate([0, 0, Outer_h + Top_Part_H + D_marker_H_offset -1])  rotate(Stem_Rotate)  show_d_stem(D_stem_preview_height);
 } // end diff
} // end - if

} // end primary union

//////////////////////////////////
// The difference section
union() {

// add D stem
// Rotate the D shape insert...
 rotate(Stem_Rotate) union() {
    show_d_stem(D_Stem_Len);
 } // end rotate union

// hollow out the underside of knob with triangles. Keeps the knob cool as the crock pot radiates heat.
translate([0, 0, -0.25]) for (n=[0:12])
 rotate([0, 0, n * 60])
    {
        translate([outer_rad*2 / 1.7 + 2, 0, 0])
          scale([1.2, 1.25, 1]) rotate([0, 0, 180]) cylinder(h=Outer_h - 2, r=outer_rad*2 /4, $fn=3);
          // scale([1.2, 1.25, 1]) rotate([0, 0, 180]) cylinder(h=outer_h - 2, r=4, $fn=3); // original
    }

// DOT marker in knob top part
translate([(outer_rad*2 - Top_Part_Diam) - (dot_rad), 0, Outer_h + Top_Part_H]) cylinder(h= 2, r=dot_rad, $fn=30);

} // end diff union
} // end difference function

// create D stem
module show_d_stem(d_height) {
difference() {  // create the "D" shape hole in the knob base
  translate([0, 0, -0.25]) cylinder(h=d_height, r=d_stem_d, $fn=50); // d_stem

  translate([keyway_x_offset, -d_stem_d, -0.5]) cube([d_stem_d *2, d_stem_d *2, d_height +0.5]);   // trim off flat side of key way of the stem
     } // end local difference

 }  // end module - show D stem
```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to design a custom filament swatch box with a few specific features, and I'd really appreciate some help creating the OpenSCAD code.

Essentially, I want a box that has two parts: a top and a bottom. The bottom part will have slots to hold individual filament swatches, and the top will be a cover that snaps onto the bottom. I want to be able to customize a number of things.

First, I need to set the number of swatches the box will hold. Let's say, as an example, that I want it to hold 30 swatches right now. I'd also need to be able to control the dimensions of the case walls, floor/ceiling, overlap between the top and bottom, and the length of the snap-in teeth.

For the slots that hold the swatches, I need to control the length, width, and height of the dividers. This will influence the spacing between each swatch.

Speaking of swatches, I'd like to define the length, width, and height of the swatches themselves. This will help calculate the overall internal dimensions of the box. For this first iteration, let's say the swatch size is 80mm long, 2.3mm wide, and 30mm high.

Also, I want to add text to the top cover of the box, on two lines. For example, "FILAMENT" on the first line and "SWATCHES" on the second line.

I'm thinking the design could be broken up into a main file that defines parameters, and then two separate modules for the top and bottom parts of the box. It would be nice if I could specify whether I want to generate the "top", "bot", or "both" in a variable.

Ideally, the design would be fully parametric. I'm not looking for a "hard-coded" size and count. I'd like to use the following variables to control different parts of the design:

*   `part`: string, controls whether to render top, bot or both parts.
*   `swatches`: integer, controls how many swatches the box can hold.
*   `text1`: string, for the first line of text on the top cover.
*   `text2`: string, for the second line of text on the top cover.
*   `case_w`: float, width of the case walls.
*   `case_h`: float, height of the case floor/ceiling.
*   `case_o`: float, height of the case overlap.
*   `case_t`: float, length of snap-in teeth.
*   `slot_l`: float, length of slot dividers.
*   `slot_w`: float, width of slot dividers.
*   `slot_h`: float, height of slot dividers.
*   `swatch_x`: float, length of each swatch.
*    `swatch_y`: float, width of each swatch
*   `swatch_z`: float, height of each swatch.

The code would also need to calculate some derived values for the slots and inner dimensions of the case.

It might be useful to use some simple shapes and operations - nothing fancy is necessary. I don't need any external libraries. Can you help me with this?

[Assistant]
Swatch_Box.scad:
```
/* [Global Settings] */

// Output Type
part = "bot";               // [top, bot]
// Number of swatches to box will hold
swatches = 30;              // [10:100]
// Text to print on top cover (Line 1)
text1 = "FILAMENT";
// Text to print on top cover (Line 2)
text2 = "SWATCHES";

/* [Case Dimensions] */

// Width (mm) of case walls
case_w = 3;                 // [2:5]
// Height (mm) of case floor/ceiling
case_h = 2;                 // [2:5]
// Height (mm) of case overlap
case_o = 3;                 // [2:5]
// Length (mm) of snap-in teeth
case_t = 20;                // [10:40]

/* [Slot Dimensions] */

// Length (mm) of slot separators
slot_l = 3;					// [1:10]
// Width (mm) of slot separators
slot_w = 1;					// [1:3]
// Height (mm) of slot separators
slot_h = 20;				// [10:30]

/* [Swatch Dimensions] */

// Length (mm) of each swatch
swatch_x = 80;
// Width (mm) of each swatch
swatch_y = 2.3;
// Height (mm) of each swatch
swatch_z = 30;

/* [Hidden] */

slot_x = swatch_x + 0.4;   	// length of slots
slot_y = swatch_y + 0.2;   	// width of slots
slot_z = swatch_z;          // height of slots

inner_x = slot_x;
inner_y = (swatches * (slot_y + slot_w)) + slot_w;

case_w2 = case_w / 2;
case_x = inner_x + (case_w * 2);
case_y = inner_y + (case_w * 2);
case_z = swatch_z + (case_h * 2);

print_part();

module print_part()
{
    if (slot_h > (swatch_z - case_o))
    {
        echo("Slot height would exceed the height of the case");
    }

	if (part == "top")
    {
		CaseTop();
	}
    else if (part == "bot")
    {
		CaseBot();
	}
    else
    {
		CaseTop();
		CaseBot();
    }
}

module CaseTop()
{
    translate([0, 0, slot_h + case_h])
    {
        translate([0, case_y])
        mirror([0, 1, 0])
            TopWallX();
            TopWallX();

        translate([case_x, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
            TopWallY();
            TopWallY();

        difference()
        {
            color("orange")
            translate([case_w, case_w, slot_z - slot_h])
                cube([inner_x, inner_y, case_h]);

            translate([0, 0, slot_z - slot_h + case_h - 0.5])
            linear_extrude(height = 0.5)
            {
                translate([case_x / 2, (case_y / 2) + 5])
                text(
                    text = text1,
                    size = 7,
                    font = "Impact",
                    halign = "center",
                    valign = "center"
                );

                translate([case_x / 2, (case_y / 2) - 5])
                text(
                    text = text2,
                    size = 7,
                    font = "Impact",
                    halign = "center",
                    valign = "center"
                );
            }
        }
    }
}

module CaseBot()
{
    translate([0, case_y])
    mirror([0, 1, 0])
        BotWallX();
        BotWallX();

    translate([case_x, 0])
    mirror([1, 0, 0])
        BotWallY();
        BotWallY();

    translate([case_w, case_w])
    {
        color("red")
            cube([inner_x, inner_y, case_h]);

        translate([0, 0])
            Swatches();
        translate([inner_x - slot_l, 0])
            Swatches();
    }
}

/* ------- */
// Top Box //
/* ------- */

module TopWallX()
{
    color("orange")
    translate([0, 0, case_o])
    resize([0, 0, slot_z - slot_h - case_o + case_h])
        WallX();

    color("orange")
    {
        difference()
        {
            resize([0, 0, case_o])
                WallX();

            translate([case_w, case_w2 - 0.2])
                cube([inner_x, case_w2 + 0.2, case_o]);

            translate([case_w2 - 0.2, case_w2 - 0.2])
            resize([case_w2 + 0.4, case_w2 + 0.4, case_o])
                Corner();

            translate([inner_x + case_w + case_w2 + 0.2, case_w2 - 0.2])
            mirror([1, 0, 0])
            resize([case_w2 + 0.4, case_w2 + 0.4, case_o])
                Corner();
        }
    }

    color("orange")
    translate([(case_x - case_t) / 2, case_w2 - 0.4, case_o / 2])
    rotate([0, 90, 0])
        cylinder(h = case_t, d = 1, $fn = 360);
}

module TopWallY()
{
    color("orange")
    translate([0, 0, case_o])
    resize([0, 0, slot_z - slot_h - case_o + case_h])
        WallY();

    color("orange")
    translate([0, case_w])
        cube([case_w2 - 0.2, inner_y, case_o]);
}

/* ---------- */
// Bottom Box //
/* ---------- */

module BotWallX()
{
    color("red")
    resize([0, 0, slot_h + case_h])
        WallX();

    color("red")
    translate([case_w2, case_w2, slot_h + case_h])
    {
        resize([case_w2, case_w2, case_o])
            Corner();

        translate([inner_x + case_w, 0])
        mirror([1, 0, 0])
        resize([case_w2, case_w2, case_o])
            Corner();

        translate([case_w2, 0])
        difference()
        {
            cube([inner_x, case_w2, case_o]);
            translate([((inner_x - case_t) / 2) - 0.2, 0, case_o / 2])
            rotate([0, 90, 0])
                cylinder(h = case_t + 0.4, d = 1, $fn = 360);
        }
    }
}

module BotWallY()
{
    color("red")
    resize([0, 0, slot_h + case_h])
        WallY();

    color("red")
    translate([case_w2, case_w, slot_h + case_h])
        cube([case_w2, inner_y, case_o]);

}

module Swatches()
{
    for (i = [0 : slot_y + slot_w : inner_y])
    {
        color("green")
        translate([0, i, case_h])
            cube([slot_l, slot_w, slot_h]);
    }
}

/* --------- */
// Universal //
/* --------- */

module WallX()
{
    translate([case_w, 0])
        cube([inner_x, case_w, 1]);

    translate([case_x, 0])
    mirror([1, 0, 0])
        Corner();
        Corner();
}

module WallY()
{
    translate([0, case_w])
        cube([case_w, inner_y, 1]);
}
module Corner()
{
    translate([case_w, case_w])
    difference()
    {
        cylinder(h = 1, r = case_w, $fn = 360);

        translate([-case_w, 0])
            cube([10, case_w, 1]);
        translate([0, -case_w])
            cube([case_w, case_w, 1]);
    }
}

```


[User]
Okay, I'm looking to create a custom insert for the new Dewalt Tough Cases and Craftsman cases. These cases have a common dovetail system for their inserts, and I want to design an insert that can hold T-shank jigsaw blades. I've already got a basic design in mind, but I'd like to make it fully parametric so I can adjust it for different blade sizes or case variations in the future.

Here's what I'm envisioning:

**Overall Structure:**

*   The insert should be a rectangular block with dovetail connectors on each of the shorter sides to slot into the case.
*   The main body of the insert will have a series of slots for holding the jigsaw blades.
*   I need to be able to specify the overall width, height, and depth of the insert as parameters.
*   The number of blade slots should also be a parameter.

**Dovetail Connectors:**

*   I need to control the width, angle, offset, and spacing of the dovetails as parameters.
*   The dovetails will be triangular in cross-section.
*   The dovetails should also be mirrored on both sides of the insert so that it connects the same way.

**Blade Slots:**

*   Each slot needs to have two parts: a vertical slot to hold the main blade body and a short horizontal slot to hold the T-shank.
*   The parameters for each should be blade width and blade thickness.
*   There should be a parameter to control the spacing between the slots.
*   I want to ensure there's a little extra space for the blades so it's not too tight - like a fudge factor.

**Parametric Needs:**

I'm thinking of the following parameters:

*   `insert_width` - Overall width of the insert
*   `insert_height` - Overall height of the insert
*   `insert_depth` - Overall depth of the insert
*   `num_slots` - Number of blade slots
*   `dovetail_width_bottom` - Width of the base of the dovetail.
*   `dovetail_distance` - Distance from center of each dovetail group to center of part
*   `dovetail_offset` - Horizontal offset of the dovetail from the side of the insert
*   `dovetail_angle` - Angle of the dovetail
*   `blade_width` - Width of the jigsaw blade
*   `blade_thickness` - Thickness of the jigsaw blade
*   `fudge` - Fudge factor, applied to blade width and thickness
*   `min_edge` - Minimum edge space from each side before a slot is added

I think that's everything. Could you create an OpenSCAD file (or multiple files if necessary) to handle this design? I prefer to use the standard OpenSCAD libraries.

[Assistant]
Insert_for_jigsaw_blades.scad:
```
width = 70.5;
height = 25;
depth = 15;

dovertail_width_bottom = 7;
dovetail_distance = 11.7;
dovetail_offset = 0.3;
dovetail_angle = 2.5;

// bit fudge factor
fudge = 1.02;

//inches to mm conversion
in_to_mm = 25.4;

// blade width
blade_width = 8 * fudge;

// blade thickness
blade_thickness = 1.5 *fudge;
difference(){
    translate([0,0,-depth/2])difference(){
        union(){
            //Create main body
            cube([width,height,depth*2],center=true);

            //Create dovetails
            translate([-width/2-dovetail_offset,dovetail_distance/2,0])rotate([dovetail_angle,0,0])cylinder(d=dovertail_width_bottom,h=depth*2,center=true,$fn=3);
            translate([-width/2-dovetail_offset,dovetail_distance/2,0])rotate([-dovetail_angle,0,0])cylinder(d=dovertail_width_bottom,h=depth*2,center=true,$fn=3);

            translate([-width/2-dovetail_offset,-dovetail_distance/2,0])rotate([dovetail_angle,0,0])cylinder(d=dovertail_width_bottom,h=depth*2,center=true,$fn=3);
            translate([-width/2-dovetail_offset,-dovetail_distance/2,0])rotate([-dovetail_angle,0,0])cylinder(d=dovertail_width_bottom,h=depth*2,center=true,$fn=3);

            translate([width/2+dovetail_offset,dovetail_distance/2,0])rotate([dovetail_angle,0,180])cylinder(d=dovertail_width_bottom,h=depth*2,center=true,$fn=3);
            translate([width/2+0.2,dovetail_distance/2,0])rotate([-3,0,180])cylinder(d=dovertail_width_bottom,h=depth*2,center=true,$fn=3);

            translate([width/2+dovetail_offset,-dovetail_distance/2,0])rotate([dovetail_angle,0,180])cylinder(d=dovertail_width_bottom,h=depth*2,center=true,$fn=3);
            translate([width/2+dovetail_offset,-dovetail_distance/2,0])rotate([-dovetail_angle,0,180])cylinder(d=dovertail_width_bottom,h=depth*2,center=true,$fn=3);
        }
        //translate([7,0,0])cube([width,height,depth*2],center=true);
        translate([0,0,-(depth+10)/2]) cube([width+10,height,depth+10],center=true);
    }
num_slots= 20;
min_edge = 1;
width2= width - 2 * min_edge;
step = width2 /(num_slots);
start = -width2/2+step/2;
end = width2/2;

for (x=[start:step:end]){
    translate([x,0,0])BitHolder();
}
}

module BitHolder(){
    // horizontal hole
    translate([0,10,3.5])rotate([90,0,0])cube([blade_thickness,blade_width+1,height], center=true);

    // vertical hole
    translate([0,-3,0])cube([blade_thickness,blade_width,depth], center=true);
    translate([0,-8,-1])cube([blade_thickness,blade_width,depth], center=true);
}

```


[User]
I need an OpenSCAD design for a hex knob with numbered or angled steps, kind of like a dial. It should have a hexagonal rod extending from the back of a circular wheel, with grip steps on the wheel's circumference and numbers or angle values printed next to the steps.

Here are the specifics:

*   **Wheel:**
    *   It should be a cylinder with a defined radius and height.
    *   Around the edge of the wheel, I want a certain number of cylindrical "grip steps" evenly spaced.
    *   Next to each grip step, I want to print a number, starting at a defined offset. The option to print the corresponding angle instead of the number would be great.
*   **Rod:**
    *   The rod should be hexagonal, with a specified radius and a length extending behind the wheel.
*   **Customization:**
    *   I want to be able to customize the following parameters:
        *   Wheel radius and height
        *   Number of grip steps on the wheel.
        *   An offset for the starting number for the steps.
        *   Rod length
        *   Rod radius.
        *   Number of sides of the rod. This should always be able to handle a hexagon but it would be a great bonus if it could handle a polygon with any number of sides.
        *   Text size.
        *   Text depth.
        *   A boolean toggle to choose between printing the step number or the corresponding angle (with one decimal of precision)
    * I want the numbers or angles to be centered along their steps on the circumference of the wheel.
    *   I want the model to look nice so I'd like $fn to be set to 30.

Could you generate the OpenSCAD code for this?

[Assistant]
Molette_6pans.scad:
```
//Radius of the wheel
wheel_radius=15.5;

//Height of the wheel
wheel_height=10;

//Number of steps on the wheel for grip and numbers
wheel_steps=8;

//When printing steps numbers, which number to start with (offset from 0)
wheel_steps_start=0;

//Lenth of the rod
rod_length=40;

//External radius of the rod
rod_radius=3.40;

//Number of sides of the rod. Example 6 for hexagon.
rod_sides=6;

//Text size
text_size=7;

//Text Depth
text_depth=3;

//Print angles values with a 0.1 precision instead of the step numbers
text_print_angles=false;

$fn=30;

module regular_polygon(order, r=1){
 	angles=[ for (i = [0:order-1]) i*(360/order) ];
 	coords=[ for (th=angles) [r*cos(th), r*sin(th)] ];
 	polygon(coords);
 }

union() {
    translate([0,0,wheel_height]) linear_extrude(rod_length) regular_polygon(rod_sides,rod_radius);

     difference() {
         cylinder(wheel_height,wheel_radius,wheel_radius);
         grip_radius=2*3.14*wheel_radius/4/wheel_steps;
         grip_translate=wheel_radius+1/3*grip_radius;
         text_translate=wheel_radius*0.9;
         for(count=[0:1:wheel_steps-1]) {
             angle=360/wheel_steps*count;
             num=count+wheel_steps_start;
             rotate(angle,[0,0,1]) {
                 translate([grip_translate,0,0]) cylinder(10,grip_radius,grip_radius);
             }
             rotate(angle+360/wheel_steps/2,[0,0,1]) {
                 text_content=(text_print_angles?str(floor(10*angle)/10):str(num));
                 translate([text_translate,0,text_depth]) rotate(180,[1,0,0]) rotate(90,[0,0,1]) linear_extrude(text_depth) text(str(text_content),size=text_size,halign="center");
             }
         }
     }
 }
```


[User]
Hey, I'm trying to create a test print for stringing issues I'm having with my 3D printer, specifically when printing small details that are close together. I've been using a simple OpenSCAD file, but I'd like something a bit more flexible.

Basically, I need a design with an adjustable grid of cylindrical pegs on a base. I'd like to be able to control:

*   The number of rows and columns of pegs.
*   The diameter of the pegs themselves.
*   The height of the pegs.
*   The thickness of the base they stand on.
*   And most importantly, the horizontal spacing between pegs, and also control the horizontal spacing differently for the x and y axis.

I'm thinking something similar to what I already made in my attached file, "stringing_test.scad".  I have two different spacing variables in there for x and y, which is what I would like to maintain with the new design. The current file has an equal number of towers on each axis, but it'd be nice to be able to control these numbers separately in the new parametric design.

Could you generate an OpenSCAD file or set of files that can do that? I don't need anything terribly complex, just a way to specify those parameters and generate the peg grid with the base. I'd also like it to be easily configurable in the OpenSCAD customizer, so I don't have to edit code every time. I'm not using any libraries, so you don't need to worry about that.

[Assistant]
stringing_test.scad:
```
// Number of towers
towers = 3;

//Width of towers
width = 1.5;

//Height of towers
height = 5;

//Base thickness
base = 1;

// Spacing between pegs

//Small Spacing
small = 3;

//Large Spacing
large = 5;

for (x = [0.5:towers])
    for (y = [0.5:towers])
        translate([y*large,x*small,0])
    cylinder(h=height,d=width,$fn=36);

cube([large*towers,small*towers,base]);

```


[User]
I need an OpenSCAD design for a radiator hook, and it needs to be parametric so I can adjust it for different radiator sizes. I've got the basic measurements, and some specifics for the hook design, and I've got some existing OpenSCAD code that provides most of what I want (although it needs some cleanup, so maybe it would be better to start fresh).

Here's what I need:

*   **Radiator Attachment:** The hook needs to securely attach to a radiator, grabbing onto two horizontal bars.  I need to be able to define the *diameter* of the radiator bars and the *distance* between them, including the bars themselves.
*   **Hook Design:**
    *   The hook should have a 'top' and 'bottom' part that curve to grip the bars. The angle of these curves relative to the horizontal can be customized, let's call them `alpha_t` for the top hook and `alpha_b` for the bottom hook.
    *   There's a front hook that extends out - it should also be customizable with a `space_h` (distance forward), `shift_h` (vertical shift), and `height_h`.
    *   I'd like rounded edges, and the radius of those rounds should also be adjustable (`radius_r`).
    *   The overall width of the hook should also be customizable (`width`).
*   **Other Dimensions:** I need to be able to set the *thickness* of the plastic used for the hook.
*   **Parametric:** Everything needs to be driven by variables - so that I can easily change it in the customizer without having to dig into the code directly. I should be able to adjust `diameter`, `distance`, `thickness`, `space_h`, `shift_h`, `height_h`, `alpha_t`, `alpha_b`, `radius_r`, `width`, and `$fn`.

*  **No external dependencies:** I don't want to use any libraries.

The existing code I have uses functions like `circle_intersection` and modules like `part_square`, `part_ring`, `circle_2`, and `circle_3` to handle all the angles and intersections. I'd like a design that works with the same overall structure and logic - that is, using polygons and subtractions to cut out the final shapes, but I'm hoping it could be cleaner and more robust. I'm okay with the design being more explicit (less reliance on functions and modules) if that results in more easily understood code.

[Assistant]
radiator_hook_AN.scad:
```

diameter=18.2; // measured : bar diameter
distance=52.2; // measured : distance between the bars (including bars)
thickness=4; // wall thickness
space_h=12; // front hook distance
shift_h=12; // front hook shift
height_h=6; // front hook height
alpha_t=210; // top hook angle
alpha_b=135; // bottom hook angle
radius_r=4; // rounding radius
$fn=60;
width=12; // width of the hook

radius_b=diameter/2;
distance_b=distance-2*radius_b;
radius_h=space_h/2;

module part_square(p_size,p_alpha) {
if (p_alpha < 0)
    mirror([0,1]) part_square(p_size,-p_alpha);
else if (p_alpha > 360)
    part_square(p_size,p_alpha-360);
else if (p_alpha > 180) {
        translate([-p_size,0]) square([2*p_size,p_size]);
        rotate(180) part_square(p_size,p_alpha-180);
    }
else if (p_alpha > 90) {
        square([p_size,p_size]);
        rotate(90) part_square(p_size,p_alpha-90);
    }
else if (p_alpha > 45)
    difference() {
        square([p_size,p_size]);
        mirror([1,-1]) part_square(p_size,90-p_alpha);
    }
else
    polygon([[0,0],[p_size,0],[p_size,tan(p_alpha)*p_size]]);
}

module part_ring(p_radius,p_thickness,p_alpha) {
    p_length=p_radius+p_thickness;
    intersection() {
        difference() {
            circle(p_length);
            circle(p_radius);
        }
        part_square(p_length,p_alpha);
    }
}

function vector(p_radius,p_alpha) = [p_radius*cos(p_alpha),p_radius*sin(p_alpha)];

function circle_intersection(c1,r1,c2,r2) =
let( x1=c1[0], y1=c1[1], x2=c2[0], y2=c2[1],
x0=x2-x1,                                      // difference in x coordinates
y0=y2-y1,                                      // difference in y coordinates
r=sqrt(pow(x0,2)+pow(y0,2)),                   // distance between centers
m1=(pow(r,2)+pow(r1,2)-pow(r2,2))/2/r,         // distance from center 1 to line
m2=sqrt(pow(r1,2)-pow(m1,2)))
   [x1+x0*m1/r+y0*m2/r,y1+y0*m1/r-x0*m2/r];    // right point
// [x1+x0*m1/r-y0*m2/r,y1+y0*m1/r+x0*m2/r];    // left point

module circle_2(p1,p2,c1,r1,c2,r2) {
    difference() {
        polygon([p1,p2,c1,c2]);
        translate(c1) circle(r1);
        translate(c2) circle(r2);
    }
}

module circle_3(c1,r1,c2,r2,c3,r3) {
    difference() {
        polygon([c1,[c1[0]+r1,c1[1]],[c2[0]-r2,c2[1]],c2,c3]);
        translate(c1) circle(r1);
        translate(c2) circle(r2);
        translate(c3) circle(r3);
    }
}

r_thickness=thickness/2;
r_length_b=radius_b+r_thickness;
r_length_h=radius_h+r_thickness;
v_center=circle_intersection(
    [0,0],radius_b+thickness+radius_r,
    [radius_b+radius_h+thickness,shift_h],radius_h+thickness+radius_r
);
y1_center=sqrt(4*radius_h*radius_r+thickness*(2*radius_h+2*radius_r+thickness));
y2_center=sqrt(4*radius_b*radius_r+thickness*(2*radius_b+2*radius_r+thickness));

linear_extrude(width){
    translate([0,distance_b]) {
        part_ring(radius_b,thickness,alpha_t);
        translate(vector(radius_b+r_thickness,alpha_t)) circle(r_thickness);
    }
    translate([radius_b,0]) square([thickness,max(distance_b,shift_h)]);
    if (shift_h < 0)
        translate([radius_b,0]) mirror([0,1]) square([thickness,-shift_h]);
    part_ring(radius_b,thickness,-alpha_b);
    translate(vector(radius_b+r_thickness,-alpha_b)) circle(r_thickness);
    translate([radius_b+radius_h+thickness,shift_h]) rotate(180)
        part_ring(radius_h,thickness,180);
    translate([radius_b+2*radius_h+thickness,shift_h]) square([thickness,height_h]);
    translate([radius_b+2*radius_h+3*r_thickness,shift_h+height_h]) circle(r_thickness);

    if (shift_h > radius_h+thickness+radius_r)
        circle_2 (
            [radius_b+thickness,shift_h-y1_center],
            [radius_b+thickness,shift_h],
            [radius_b+radius_h+thickness,shift_h],radius_h+thickness,
            [radius_b+radius_r+thickness,shift_h-y1_center],radius_r
        );
    else if (-shift_h > radius_b+thickness+radius_r)
        circle_2 (
            [radius_b,-y2_center],
            [radius_b,0],
            [0,0],radius_b+thickness,
            [radius_b-radius_r,-y2_center],radius_r
        );
    else
        circle_3 (
            [0,0],radius_b+thickness,
            [radius_b+radius_h+thickness,shift_h],radius_h+thickness,
            v_center,radius_r
        );

}

```