[User]
Hi, I'm looking for help creating a design for a modular, parametric Plano box holder. I want to be able to stack these holders and easily access the Plano boxes stored within.

I have a starting point - a single OpenSCAD file called "plano_box_holder_rev1.0.scad" (attached). It has some good parameters already defined, but it's a bit clunky, and I'd like to get a cleaner parametric design, where everything is adjustable.  I think it's best to start over from scratch, rather than trying to adjust what I already have. I'd also like to use some existing OpenSCAD libraries to make things easier, so I'll need to specify those.

Here are the requirements:

1.  **Parametric Design:**  I need all the important dimensions of the box holder to be adjustable parameters at the start of the SCAD file.  This should include:

    *   `back_height`: The height of the back support of the holder, corresponding to the height of the Plano box.
    *   `back_width`: The width of the Plano box being supported.
    *   `side_length`: The depth of the Plano box, and thus the length of the side supports.
    *   `back_thickness`: The thickness of the material used for the back support.
    *   `tab_thickness`: The thickness of the tabs that support the box above it.
    *   `tab_width`: The width of the tabs that support the box above.
    *   `hole_pattern`: A parameter that switches between no holes (`0`), hex holes (`1`) or slots (`2`) on the back and side supports.
    *   `hex_dia`: The diameter of the holes or slots.
    *  `spacing`: The spacing between holes or slots.
    *  `pin_width`: The width of the alignment pins on the sides.
    *  `build_plate_manual_x` and `build_plate_manual_y` which can be used to define the size of the build plate

2.  **Modular and Stackable:** The design needs to be easily stackable, with the support tabs on the sides of the holder allowing for consistent stacking. There should be holes on the sides that allow alignment with other units by using pins. I want to be able to print multiple of these and stack them up, making it easy to access individual boxes from the bottom of a stack.  The alignment pins should keep each level straight.

3. **Split Parts:** If the design is too wide for my build plate (determined by the `build_plate_manual_x` parameter, which I will set based on my printer dimensions) the program should generate two separate, printable pieces, that are connected using a joining piece, where the joining piece is also parametric.

4.  **Hole Patterns:** I need to be able to switch between no holes, hex holes, and slots in the back and side panels for weight reduction and aesthetics.  I'd like the holes or slots to be placed at regular intervals and parametrically controlled by `hex_dia` and `spacing`. The slot option should be a rectangular slot with rounded ends that is centered at the same place as a hex hole. The slots should be oriented vertically on the back of the unit and should be oriented horizontally on the side of the unit.

5.  **Libraries:** Please make use of the following libraries when possible:
     *  `BOSL2` for any 2D geometry, user input, and general utility functions.

6.  **No Magic Numbers:** Try to avoid using magic numbers, where possible. Any dimensions that aren't a user defined parameter should be calculated in the design.

I think that covers everything. Let me know if you have any questions, and I look forward to seeing what you come up with!

[Assistant]
plano_box_holder_rev1.0.scad:
```
/******************************************************************************/
/**********                     INFO                                 **********/
/******************************************************************************/

/*
Adjustable Plano Box stacking holder Rev 1.0 March 2016
by David Buhler

This project is for all those who have stacks of Plano boxes kicking around
whether you actually use them for fishing lures or fill them with project parts,
components and the like.  This design is for creating multiple, same width,
stacking support frames so that bottom boxes can be retrieved with ease and then
put back.  I needed this as I want this parts in my workshop but when on the road
will fill my toolbox with the appropriate parts I need.

This is version 1 of the design, in version 2 I would like to create a front cross
brace that will stabilize the front more and also allow for differing width boxes
to be stacked.

note the back and side parts are printed upside down...

Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 (CC BY-NC 3.0)
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/

*/

/******************************************************************************/
/**********                     Settings                             **********/
/******************************************************************************/
//adjust the follow to meet your needs,  all measurements in mm.

/* [BUILD PLATE] */
//for display only, doesn't contribute to final object
build_plate_selector = 3; //[0:Replicator 2,1: Replicator,2:Thingomatic,3:Ultimaker,4:Manual,5:Test]
//when Build Plate Selector is set to "manual" this controls the build plate x dimension
build_plate_manual_x = 200; //[100:400]
//when Build Plate Selector is set to "manual" this controls the build plate y dimension
build_plate_manual_y = 200; //[100:400]

/* [Support] */
//Height of Plano of storage box
back_height=35;//[12:50]

//Width of Plano Box
back_width= 235;//[150:300]

//Depth of Plano Box
side_length=120;//[100:190]

//How Stong? Wall Thickness
back_thickness=4;//[4:10]

//tab thickness (supports the plano box above)
tab_thickness=3;//[3:10]

//Support Width (first botton rib on bottom of storage box
tab_width=18;//[5:20]

/* [Pattern] */
//No Holes,hex holes or slots
hole_pattern=2;//[0:No Holes,1:Hex Holes,2:Slots]

//Diameter of hex or slot
hex_dia = 10;//[4:16]

/* [HIDDEN] */
//spacing between holes or slots
spacing = 1.0;//[.5,.6,.7,.8,.9,1.0,1.1,1.2,1.3,1.4]
replicator2=285;
replicator=225;
thingomatic=120;
ultimaker=200;
pin_width=3;//width of the support pin

/******************************************************************************/
/**********                   Variable Calcs                         **********/
/****                     no need to adjust these                      ********/
/******************************************************************************/
/* [HIDDEN] */
hoff = hex_dia+spacing;
voff = sqrt(pow(hoff,2)-pow(hoff/2,2));
link_plate=hex_dia*4;

/******************************************************************************/
/**********                  Make It Happen Stuff                    **********/
/******************************************************************************/

//this section could be done much more elegantly with variables,  this could be streamlined a lot
if(build_plate_selector == 0){//autofit piece to the buildplate for Replicator 2
    build_plate(replicator2,153);
    if (replicator2<back_width+back_thickness*2)
       {
        split_parts();//one piece to big for printer
       }
    else{
        join_parts();//printer can handle a one piece print
    }
}
if(build_plate_selector == 1){//autofit piece to the buildplate for Replicator
    build_plate(replicator,145);
    if (replicator<back_width+back_thickness*2)
       {
        split_parts();//one piece to big for printer
       }
    else{
        join_parts();//printer can handle a one piece print
    }
}
if(build_plate_selector == 2){//autofit piece to the buildplate for Thingomatic
    build_plate(thingomatic,120);
    if (thingomatic<back_width+back_thickness*2)
       {
        split_parts();//one piece to big for printer
       }
    else{
        join_parts();//printer can handle a one piece print
    }
}
if(build_plate_selector == 3){//autofit piece to the buildplate for Ultimaker
    build_plate(ultimaker,200);
    if (ultimaker<back_width+back_thickness*2)
       {
        split_parts();//one piece to big for printer
       }
    else{
        join_parts();//printer can handle a one piece print
    }
}
if(build_plate_selector == 4){//autofit piece to the buildplate for manual build piece size
    build_plate(build_plate_manual_x,build_plate_manual_y);
    if (build_plate_manual_x<back_width+back_thickness*2)
       {
        split_parts();//one piece to big for printer
       }
    else{
        join_parts();//printer can handle a one piece print
    }
}
if(build_plate_selector == 5){//build piece with 0,0,0 ref for design of part
    build_plate(build_plate_manual_x,build_plate_manual_y);
    backandside ("right");
    backandside("left");
 translate ([-150,0,(back_thickness+2)])rotate ([-90,0,0]) joiner();
    }
translate([0,-10,0])cube([pin_width,6,pin_width]); //make pin
translate([10,-10,0])cube([pin_width,6,pin_width]);//make pin
translate([20,-10,0])cube([pin_width,6,pin_width]);//make pin
translate([30,-10,0])cube([pin_width,6,pin_width]); //make pin

/******************************************************************************/
/**********                         Modules                          **********/
/******************************************************************************/

//rotates part to fit on defined print bed and sits it on z=zero
module split_parts(){
rotate ([180,0,0])translate ([-back_width/3-back_thickness,-side_length/2-5,-back_height-tab_thickness]) backandside ("right");
rotate ([180,0,0])translate ([-back_width+75,-side_length/2+5,-back_height-tab_thickness]) backandside("left");
translate ([-150,0,(back_thickness+2)])rotate ([-90,0,0]) joiner();
}

//join parts together to make one piece for printing this reduces the need for the joiner piece below
module join_parts(){
rotate ([180,0,0]) translate ([-back_width/2-back_thickness,-side_length/2,-back_height-tab_thickness])backandside ("right");
rotate ([180,0,0]) translate ([-back_width/2-back_thickness,-side_length/2,-back_height-tab_thickness])backandside("left");
}

//creates a piece that will join the two halves of the box stacker works best with the hole or slot versions of the stacker
module joiner(){
    difference() {
    translate([(back_width+back_thickness)/2-link_plate/2+hex_dia/2,0.1,1])cube([link_plate,back_thickness+2,back_height]);
    backandside ("right");
    backandside("left");
    }

}
//creates the back pieces and side pieces along with call to make holes
module backandside (side) {

if (side=="right"){
    difference(){//create back and cut holes
        translate([back_thickness-0.01,0,0])cube ([back_width/2,back_thickness,back_height+tab_thickness]);//back 1/2 panel
        holes(back_width/2,back_height-tab_thickness,0,hole_pattern);
        }
    difference(){//make pin holes for alignment
       union(){
         difference(){//create side and cut holes
            cube ([back_thickness,side_length+back_thickness,back_height+tab_thickness]); //side panel
            rotate([0,0,90]) translate([hoff/2,0,0]) holes(side_length-7,back_height-tab_thickness,0,hole_pattern);
            }
         translate([0,0,back_height]) //box support bar
            cube ([tab_width,side_length+back_thickness,tab_thickness]);
        }
          translate([(back_thickness-pin_width)/2,side_length-5,back_height])
            cube ([pin_width,pin_width,10]);//pin hole top front
          translate([(back_thickness-pin_width)/2,side_length-5,-7])
            cube ([pin_width,pin_width,10]);  //pin hole botton front
          translate([(back_thickness-pin_width)/2,5,back_height])
            cube ([pin_width,pin_width,10]);//pin hole top back
          translate([(back_thickness-pin_width)/2,5,-7])
            cube ([pin_width,pin_width,10]);  //pin hole bottom back
          }
    }

    else {//left side

        difference(){//create back and cut holes
            translate ([back_width/2+back_thickness-.02,0,0])//add a back_width/2-.01 to get rid of artifact
                cube ([back_width/2,back_thickness,back_height+tab_thickness]);//back 1/2 panel
            holes(back_width,back_height-tab_thickness,back_width/hoff/2+spacing,hole_pattern);
        }

        difference(){//make pin holes for alignment

            union(){
                difference() {//create side and cut holes
                    translate ([back_width+back_thickness-0.1,0,0])
                        cube ([back_thickness,side_length+back_thickness,back_height+tab_thickness]); //side panel
                    rotate([0,0,90]) translate([hoff/2,-back_width,0]) holes(side_length-7,back_height-tab_thickness,0,hole_pattern);
                }
                translate([back_width-tab_width+back_thickness*2-0.1,0,back_height]) //box support bar
                    cube ([tab_width,side_length+back_thickness,tab_thickness]);
             }
            translate([back_width+back_thickness-0.15+(back_thickness-pin_width)/2,side_length-5,back_height])
                cube ([pin_width,pin_width,10]);//pin hole top front
            translate([back_width+back_thickness-0.15+(back_thickness-pin_width)/2,side_length-5,-7])
                cube ([pin_width,pin_width,10]);//pin hole botton front
            translate([back_width+back_thickness-0.15+(back_thickness-pin_width)/2,5,back_height])
                cube ([pin_width,pin_width,10]);//pin hole botton back
            translate([back_width+back_thickness-0.15+(back_thickness-pin_width)/2,5,-7])
                cube ([pin_width,pin_width,10]);//pin hole top back
        }
    }
}

//makes the holes or slots in the back and side pieces this is modofied code from original code found on
//thingverse called Customizable drawer box by Gian Pablo Villamil http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:684386/#files
module holes(width,height,shift,slot) {//shift allows the second base part to have holes assigned only for that section not at a 0,0,0 reference
	cols = (width / hoff);
	rows = (height / voff);
	translate([hoff-hex_dia/4,10,voff-2])
	for (i=[0:rows-1]) {
		for (j=[shift:cols-1]){
			translate([(j*hoff+i%2*(hoff/2)),0,i*voff])
			if (slot==0){
                //do nothing for now, no holes to make.  Will add a hole for joiner at some point
                }
            if (slot==1){
                if ((j*hoff+i%2*(hoff/2)+hex_dia<width)){
                    translate([(j*hoff+i%2*(hoff/2)),0,i*voff])
                        rotate([90,90,0]) cylinder(h=25,r=hex_dia/2,$fn=6); //rotate([90,90,0]) rotate([0,0,0])
                }
            }
            if (slot==2){
                hull(){//create cube with rounded corners to subtract from back and side walls
                   translate([j*hoff,-25,back_height-back_height/4-hex_dia/2])
                        rotate([90,90,90]) cube([back_height-back_height/4-hex_dia/2,25,hex_dia/2]);//h=25,r=hex_dia/2,$fn=6)
                   translate([j*hoff+hex_dia/4,0,back_height-back_height/4-hex_dia/2])
                       rotate([90,90,0]) cylinder(h=25,r=hex_dia/4,$fn=40);//([back_height-back_height/4,25,hex_dia/2]);
                   translate([j*hoff+hex_dia/4,0,back_height/4-hex_dia+1])
                       rotate([90,90,0]) cylinder(h=25,r=hex_dia/4,$fn=40);//([back_height-back_height/4,25,hex_dia/2]);
               }
           }
       }
	}
}

//display build plate on screen for reference modified thingverse code to allow above auto part placement
module build_plate(manX,manY){
	translate([0,0,-.52]){
      %cube([manX,manY,1],center = true);
    }
	translate([0,0,-.5]){
        for(i = [-(floor(manX/20)):floor(manX/20)]){
            translate([i*10,0,0])
                %cube([.5,manY,1.01],center = true);
        }
        for(i = [-(floor(manY/20)):floor(manY/20)]){
            translate([0,i*10,0])
                %cube([manX,.5,1.01],center = true);
        }
	}
}
```


[User]
Hey, I'm trying to design a replacement part for my Zibro Clima P90 air conditioner. It's a small piece that directs the airflow, and the original one was broken when I bought the unit. I've got some basic measurements and a rough idea of the shape.

Basically, the part has a sort of spherical base with a partial cylindrical cut-out on the side. From the bottom of that base, a sort of connector sticks out. This connector is a rectangular prism with a specific cut-out shape; it's kind of like a mortise and tenon joint.

Here are the dimensions I've got:

*   **Spherical base:**  Radius of 20 mm. It's effectively a sphere with a large portion cut off, so it has a flat bottom. The partial cylinder that is cutout is at a 45 degree angle relative to the sphere. The cylindrical cutout has a radius of 3mm and extends out 30mm on both sides
*  **Connector:** Overall height of 10mm. A width of 10mm and a thickness of 6mm.
* **Connector Cutout:**  A primary cut, 3 mm thick and 8mm wide going straight through the connector. A secondary cut of 2.5mm thickness going through perpendicular to the primary cut. The second cut is 8mm wide and only goes 9mm into the connector. These cuts are used to fit into a corresponding piece within the air conditioner.

Could you help me create a parametric OpenSCAD design for this? I'd like to be able to easily adjust the dimensions later. I think it'd be easiest to make the different geometric aspects separate modules and then combine them, if that's okay. Also, I don't really have much experience using OpenSCAD, so I need it to be as simple to follow as possible. Thanks!

[Assistant]
zibro_clima_button.scad:
```
connector_height = 10;
connector_width = 10;
connector_thickness = 6;
cross_1_thickness = 3;
cross_2_thickness = 2.5;

union(){
intersection(){
difference()
{
    sphere(r=20, center = true, $fn=100);
    translate([-20,-20,-40]) cube([40,40,40]); //bottom

}
 rotate([45,0,0])
        translate([-3,-3,-3]) cube([5,30,30]); //border
}
translate([0,0,-connector_height/2])
    difference(){
        cube([connector_thickness,connector_width,connector_height], center = true); // bottom cube
        cube([cross_1_thickness,connector_width-2,connector_height], center=true); // partial cut
        translate([0,0,-1]) // complete cut
            rotate([0,0,90]) cube([cross_2_thickness,connector_width-2,connector_height-1], center =true);
        }
}
```


[User]
I need a reloading block designed in OpenSCAD. It should be a rectangular block with an array of cylindrical holes to hold ammunition casings. I'd like to be able to customize the number of rows and columns of holes, the height of the block, and the diameters of the holes and the overall spacing between them. I'm working in millimeters, but I'd like the option to specify my dimensions in inches, and have it automatically scale the output appropriately.

Specifically, here are the parameters I'm thinking of:

*   **X_Bullets**: The number of columns of holes.
*   **Y_Bullets**: The number of rows of holes.
*   **Height**: The overall height of the block.
*   **Block_Corner**: The radius of the rounded corners of the base.
*   **Pad**: An extra space around the block to extend it's dimensions.
*   **Case_Diameter**: The diameter of the cartridge case.
*   **Hole_Slack**: An amount to make the holes bigger than the case.
*  **Depth**: The depth of the flat portion of the holes.
*   **Bullet_Space**: The spacing between the holes
*   **Chamfer**: the chamfer around the top of the holes.
*   **Block_Chamfer**: The chamfer around the bottom of the corners of the base.
*   **Convert**: An option to switch between mm and inches.

The holes themselves need a little detail. I'd like them to have a flat bottom that is less deep than the whole block, then have a chamfered edge that makes the entrance wider than the main bore of the hole. The block itself should have rounded corners, so that there are no sharp edges. I'd like to have an option to chamfer the bottom of the rounded corners to give it a nice appearance.

Could you provide the OpenSCAD code that will create this? I don't need any special libraries, I think everything should be doable with the core OpenSCAD language. Thanks!

[Assistant]
Reloading_Block.scad:
```
X_Bullets=10;
Y_Bullets=5;
Height=0.5;
Block_Corner=0.25;
Pad=0;

Case_Diameter=0.452;
Hole_Slack=0.048;
Depth=0.4;
Bullet_Space=0.1;
Chamfer=0.025;
Block_Chamfer=0.1;

Convert = "mm"; // [mm, inches]

dia=Case_Diameter+Hole_Slack; //diameter of hole
web=Height-Depth;
W=X_Bullets*(dia+Bullet_Space)-Block_Corner+Pad*2;
L=Y_Bullets*(dia+Bullet_Space)-Block_Corner+Pad*2;

/* [Hidden] */
$fs=0.01;

module base(){
    //render(){
    translate([W/2+Block_Corner,L/2+Block_Corner,Height/2-Block_Chamfer/2])
    minkowski(){
        cube([W,L,Height-Block_Chamfer],true);
        cylinder(r1=Block_Corner,r2=Block_Corner-Block_Chamfer,h=Block_Chamfer, $fs=0.01);
}}//}

module hole(){
    //render(){
        union(){
            $fs=0.01;
            translate([0,0,web])cylinder(h = Height, r=dia/2);
            translate([0,0,Height-0.125-Chamfer])cylinder(h=0.25, r1=dia/2-0.125, r2=dia/2+0.125);
        }
    //}
}

module row(){
    //render(){
        for (y =[1:1:Y_Bullets]){
            translate([0,y*(Bullet_Space+dia),0])hole();
        }
    //}
}
module holes(){
    OffSet=0.25-0.5*Block_Corner;
    translate([-Bullet_Space/2-OffSet+Pad,-Bullet_Space/2-OffSet+Pad,0])
    for (x =[1:1:X_Bullets]){
        translate([x*(Bullet_Space+dia),0,0])row();
    }
}

module block(){
difference(){
    base();
    holes();
}
}

if (Convert == "mm"){
    scale([25.4,25.4,25.4])block();
} else {
    block();
}

```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to generate a parametric build plate model in OpenSCAD, and I've got a bunch of specific printer dimensions I want to include.

Basically, I want a module called `build_plate` that I can call with a few different options. I want it to be able to draw a rectangular build plate with optional grid lines. The grid lines should be at 10mm intervals, and the overall build plate should be 1mm thick.

The module should take three arguments: `bp`, `manX`, and `manY`. `bp` will be an integer selector that chooses a predefined build plate size. If `bp` is 0, it uses a manual size that I set with `manX` and `manY`.

I need the following build plate options (which should all be selectable using different values for the `bp` variable):
*   Manual (controlled by `manX` and `manY` when `bp` is 0)
*   Replicator (252mm x 199mm)
*   Replicator 2 (285mm x 153mm)
*   Replicator 2X (246mm x 152mm)
*   Replicator (5th Generation) (252mm x 199mm)
*   Replicator Mini (100mm x 100mm)
*   Replicator Z18 (300mm x 305mm)
*   Thing-O-Matic (120mm x 120mm)
*   Cupcake CNC (100mm x 100mm)
*   Afinia H480 (140mm x 140mm)
*   Afinia H800 (254mm x 203.2mm)
*   AW3D HD (317.5mm x 203.2mm)
*   B9Creator (104mm x 75mm)
*   Robox (210mm x 150mm)
*   Bukito (150mm x 150mm)
*   Bukobot V2 (200mm x 200mm)
*   Form 1 (125mm x 125mm)
*   Form 2 (145mm x 145mm)
*   hyrel (200mm x 200mm)
*   Creatr (230mm x 270mm)
*   Xeed (280mm x 220mm)
*    TAZ (298mm x 275mm)
*   TAZ Mini (152mm x 152mm)
*   Makergear M2 (203.2mm x 254mm)
*   Printrbot Plus (250mm x 250mm)
*   Printrbot Simple Kit (150mm x 150mm)
*   Printrbot Go small (203mm x 152mm)
*   Printrbot Go medium (406mm x 203mm)
*   Printrbot Go large (610mm x 305mm)
*   Diamond Age Moa (400mm x 400mm)

I'd also like to have a small test cube rendered, as well as some controls for it, just so I can see how objects look on these build plates. This cube should be centered over the build plate. It's size should be controllable by the user. I'd like a variable called `squares_the_cube_takes_up` and the cube should have sides that equal that number times 10 (each "square" is 10mm). Also, if `squares_the_cube_takes_up` is an even number then the cube should be at z= squares_the_cube_takes_up *5. If it is an odd number, the cube should be at x=5, y=5, z=squares_the_cube_takes_up *5.

I think that's everything, thanks!

[Assistant]
build_plate.scad:
```
//just call build_plate(); with the following arguments (also, you have to have a real object in your scene for this to render)

//putting 0 as the first argument will give you a manually adjustable build plate (note: if you use this option, you need to specify your build plates X length (in mm) as the second argument and the Y length (in mm) as the third argument. eg. build_plate(0,150,120);)
//putting 1 as the first argument will give you a Replicator 1 build plate, 2 gives rep 2, see read me for list (or look down)
/*

to give your user control of which build plate they see in Customizer, include the following code:

use <utils/build_plate.scad>//this would work if makerbot overrides theirs with mine.
*/

/*[build_plate]*/

//to see how this works, uncomment (or use) the following code

//build plate numbers subject to change, will have figured out soonish... Probably will change around a fair amount anyway...      for display only, doesn't contribute to final object
build_plate_selector = 1; //[0: Manual, 1: Replicator, 2: Replicator 2, 3: Replicator 2X, 4: Replicator (5th Generation), 5: Replicator Mini, 6: Replicator Z18, 7: Thing-O-Matic, 8: Cupcake CNC, 9: Afinia H480, 10: Afinia H800, 11: AW3D HD, 12: B9Creator, 13: Robox, 14: Bukito, 15: Bukobot V2, 16: Form 1, 17: Form 2, 18: hyrel, 19: Creatr, 20: Xeed, 21: TAZ, 22: TAZ Mini, 23: Makergear M2, 24: Printrbot Plus, 25: Printrbot Simple Kit, 26: Printrbot Go small, 27: Printrbot Go medium, 28: Printrbot Go large,29:Diamond Age Moa,]
//when Build Plate Selector is set to "manual" this controls the build plate x dimension
build_plate_manual_x = 100; //[100:400]
//when Build Plate Selector is set to "manual" this controls the build plate y dimension
build_plate_manual_y = 100; //[100:400]
build_plate(build_plate_selector,build_plate_manual_x,build_plate_manual_y);
/*[extra_feature_to_control_the_cube]*/
//1 square = 1cm aka 10mm, 5 squares is about 2 inches (so .8mm above 2 inches)s
squares_the_cube_takes_up = 3;//[1:20]
if(squares_the_cube_takes_up%2 == 0){
	translate([0,0,squares_the_cube_takes_up*5]){
		cube(squares_the_cube_takes_up*10,center =true);
	}
}
else{
	translate([5,5,squares_the_cube_takes_up*5]){
		cube(squares_the_cube_takes_up*10,center =true);
	}
}
module build_plate(bp,manX,manY){
		build_plate_templates = [[manX,manY,"manual"],[252,199,"Replicator"],[285,153,"Replicator 2"],[246,152,"Replicator 2X"],[252,199,"Replicator (5th Generation)"],[100,100,"Replicator Mini"],[300,305,"Replicator Z18"],[120,120,"Thing-O-Matic"],[100,100,"Cupcake CNC"],[140,140,"Afinia H480"],[254,203.2,"Afinia H800"],[317.5,203.2,"AW3D HD"],[104,75,"B9Creator"],[210,150,"Robox"],[150,150,"Bukito"],[200,200,"Bukobot V2"],[125,125,"Form 1"],[145,145,"Form 2"],[200,200,"hyrel"],[230,270,"Creatr"],[280,220,"Xeed"],[298,275,"TAZ"],[152,152,"TAZ Mini"],[203.2,254,"Makergear M2"],[250,250,"Printrbot Plus"],[150,150,"Printrbot Simple Kit"],[203,152,"Printrbot Go small"],[406,203,"Printrbot Go medium"],[610,305,"Printrbot Go large"],[400,400,"Diamond Age Moa"]];
		translate([0,0,-.52]){
			%cube([build_plate_templates[bp][0],build_plate_templates[bp][1],1],center = true);

		}
		translate([0,0,-.5]){
			for(i = [-1*floor(build_plate_templates[bp][0]/20):build_plate_templates[bp][0]/20]){
					translate([i*10,0,0])
						%cube([.5,build_plate_templates[bp][1],1.01],center = true);
				}
				for(i = [-1*floor(build_plate_templates[bp][1]/20):build_plate_templates[bp][1]/20]){
					translate([0,i*10,0])
						%cube([build_plate_templates[bp][0],.5,1.01],center = true);
				}
		}
}
```


[User]
I'd like to design a customizable cup holder using OpenSCAD. I want the user to be able to choose between a cube or cylinder for the outer shape of the cup holder. The user should also be able to specify the size of the base, the overall height, the diameter of the hole for the cup, and the depth of that hole. Lastly, I want the user to be able to add their name to the cup holder.

Here are the specific parameters I'd like:

*   **Outer Box Shape:** A choice between a cube or cylinder.
*   **Box Base Size:** A dimension controlling the size of the base (both length and width for the cube, and diameter for the cylinder).
*   **Box Height:** The overall height of the cup holder.
*   **Hole Diameter:** The diameter of the hole where the cup will sit.
*   **Hole Height:** The depth of the cup hole.
*   **Your Name:** Text that will be written on the outside of the cup holder, using the `write` module included in the `write/Write.scad` library.

Could you provide me with an OpenSCAD file or set of files that implements this design? I'd like the text to be written on the side of the cube if the outer shape is a cube, and on the side of the cylinder if the shape is a cylinder.

[Assistant]
CustomizableCupHolder.scad:
```
//!OpenSCAD

/* [Cup Holder Parameters] */
//Outer Box Shape
outerShape = 2; //[1:cube,2:cylinder]
//Box Base Size in mm
boxSize = 40; // [20:120]
//Box Height in mm
boxHeight = 40; // [20:100]
//Hole Diameter in mm
holeDiameter = 30; // [0:100]
//Hole Height (depth) in mm
holeHeight = 38; // [0:100]
/* [Cup Holder Personalization] */
//Your Name
yourName = "Mr.Johnson";

use <write/Write.scad>

$fn=100;
difference()
{
    difference()
    {
        if (outerShape == 1) {
            translate([0,0,boxHeight/2])
            cube([boxSize,boxSize,boxHeight], center=true);
        } else {
            cylinder(d=boxSize,h=boxHeight);
        }
        translate([0,0,(boxHeight-holeHeight)])
        cylinder(d=holeDiameter,h=holeHeight);
    };
    if (outerShape == 1 ) {
        translate([boxSize/2,0,10])
        writecube(yourName,size=40,face="right", h=6);
    } else {
        writecylinder(yourName,[0,0,10],boxSize/2,boxSize,rotate=0,center=true, h=6);
    }

}
```


[User]
I'm looking to create a customizable mount for a toroidal transformer, and I'd like to be able to print it in two parts: a base mount and a cap.

For the base mount, I need a cylindrical holder with an inner diameter that matches my transformer's outer diameter (I'll need a parameter for this). The holder should have a wall thickness that's also configurable. The holder should have a number of radial spokes connecting to the inner cylinder to add strength, and both the number of spokes and the spoke thickness should be parameters. I also need a base pedestal to sit on with a specified diameter and height. Finally, there needs to be a central screw hole going all the way through for mounting everything, and its diameter should also be configurable.

The cap is simpler - it's just a cylinder of specified diameter and thickness, also with a central screw hole matching the base.

I'd like to use OpenSCAD to create these, and have all the key dimensions be customizable, like the inner diameter of the mount, the mount wall thickness, the height of the mount, the number of spokes and their thickness, the pedestal's diameter and height, the diameter of the screw hole(s) and the dimensions for the cap. It would be great if I could select which part to generate (either the mount or the cap) via a variable too. I’m not fussy about library usage, as long as it gets the job done. I don’t have specific requests for libraries, so just use whatever you prefer. Could you generate the scad files for these parts?

[Assistant]
toroid.scad:
```
$fn=64+0;   // +0 so it's ignored by customizer

// Select part
part = "first"; // [first:Mount,second:Mount cap]
screw_hole_diameter = 3.7;
transformer_height = 50;
transformer_inner_diameter = 28;
mount_wall_thickness = 2;
pedestal_diameter = 65;
pedestal_height = 3;
number_of_spokes = 3; // [2:16]
cap_thickness = 3;
cap_diameter = 37;

if(part=="first") {
    toroid_transformer_holder(
        spokes=number_of_spokes,
        h=transformer_height,
        ow=mount_wall_thickness,
        od=transformer_inner_diameter,
        base_h=pedestal_height,
        base_d=pedestal_diameter,
        hole_d=screw_hole_diameter
    );
} else if (part=="second") {
    toroid_cap(
        cd=cap_diameter,
        ch=cap_thickness,
        hd=screw_hole_diameter
    );
}

module toroid_cap(cd=37,ch=3,hd=4) {
    difference() {
        cylinder(d = cd, h=ch);
        translate([0,0,-.5])
            cylinder(d = hd, h=ch+1);
    }
}

module toroid_transformer_holder(h = 37, od = 31, ow = 1.5, iw=3, hole_d=3, spokes=3, base_h=3, base_d=70 )
{
    spoke_deg = 360/spokes;
    difference() {
        union() {
            cylinder(d = hole_d+iw*2, h = h+base_h);
            difference() {
                cylinder(d = od, h = h+base_h);
                translate([0,0,-.5]) cylinder(d = od-ow*2, h = h+base_h+1);  // +1 to make it look nicer on preview
            }
            intersection() {
                for(a=[0:spokes-1])
                {
                    rotate([0,0,a*spoke_deg]) translate([0,od/4,(h+base_h)/2]) cube([ow*2,od/2,h+base_h], true);
                }
                cylinder(d = od, h = h+base_h);
            }
        }
        translate([0,0,-.5]) cylinder(d = hole_d, h = h+base_h+1);
    }
    difference() {
        cylinder(h = base_h, d = base_d);
        cylinder(h = base_h, d = od);
    }

}
```


[User]
I need an OpenSCAD design for a sort of cage or decorative structure. It should be cylindrical in shape, and made of vertical bars.

Here are the specifics:

*   **Core Structure:** The primary form will be built from a number of vertical bars connecting a base and a top. These are built by a hull operation that connects two spheres.
*   **Number of Bars:** The number of these vertical bars should be adjustable, a variable I can tweak.
*   **Bar Size:** I need to be able to change the thickness of these bars (their radius), using a parameter.
*   **Overall Radius:** The entire cage will be a cylindrical shape, and I need to be able to adjust its radius.
*  **Bar Detail:** The bar will have two points, one at the base and one at the top. The base is a sphere and is rotated a certain angle from the z axis. The top is also a sphere, but it is also rotated. I need to be able to set how much the top is rotated from the base for each bar. I will have one rotation on either side, for two spheres at the top per base sphere.
*  **Bar offset** The rotation of the bars at the top must be offset by a settable number of bars, I need a value for the positive offset and a negative offset.
*   **Height:**  The height of the cylinder/cage needs to be configurable.
*   **Base:** The bottom of the structure needs a solid cylinder.
*   **Optional Top:** Optionally, I'd like a solid cylinder at the top as well (controlled by a 0 or 1 parameter). This top cylinder should have a cut out in it, like a washer on top of the bars.

I'm not using any external libraries, just standard OpenSCAD primitives. Please generate a single .scad file with all of this functionality included as well as comments.

[Assistant]
GenerateurPotiquets.scad:
```
// Nombre de divisions
nbr =32;

// Taille des barreaux
ta=0.5;

// Rayon de l'objet
ta2=20;

// Qualité des barreaux
qual=8;

// Nombre de barraux de décalage.
decal=10;

// Hauteur de la forme
hauteur=60;

//Cylindre du dessus
cyldessus=0;//[0,1]

union()
{
for(i=[1:nbr],a=(360/nbr*i),b=(360/nbr*(i+decal)),c=(360/nbr*(i-decal)))
{
    union()
    {
    hull()
    {
    rotate([0,0,a])
    translate([ta2,0,0])
    sphere(r=ta,$fn=qual);

    rotate([0,0,b])
    translate([ta2,0,hauteur])
    sphere(r=ta,$fn=qual);
    }

    hull()
    {
    rotate([0,0,a])
    translate([ta2,0,0])
    sphere(r=ta,$fn=qual);

    rotate([0,0,c])
    translate([ta2,0,hauteur])
    sphere(r=ta,$fn=qual);
    }
}

}
cylinder(r=ta2+(ta*2),$fn=nbr,center=true,h=ta*2);

if(cyldessus==1)
{
difference()
{
translate([0,0,hauteur])
cylinder(r=ta2+(ta*2),$fn=nbr,center=true,h=ta*2);

translate([0,0,hauteur])
cylinder(r=ta2-(ta),$fn=nbr,center=true,h=ta*4);

}
}

}

```


[User]
Hey, I'm working on a prosthetic finger project and I need a flexible joint design. I've got a basic idea in mind, but I need a parametric OpenSCAD file that I can tweak.

Essentially, the joint should consist of two cylindrical "ends" connected by a rectangular "middle" piece. The cylinders will act as the attachment points to other finger segments, and the middle piece will be the flexible part.

Here's a breakdown of the key parameters I need to control:

*   **`height`**:  The height (or length along the Z-axis) of the entire joint.
*   **`radius`**: The radius of the cylindrical ends.
*   **`length`**: The distance between the centers of the two cylindrical ends (or the length of the middle piece).
*   **`middle_width`**: The width of the middle rectangular piece. This will greatly affect the flexibility, so it needs to be easily adjusted.
*   **`tolerance`**: This is a small value that should be incorporated into the design to help with printing and assembly.

I would like to be able to define these parameters at the top of the file, and have the entire joint automatically update based on the values. The cylinders should be created using linear_extrude on a circle, and the flexible middle part should be created with a linear_extrude on a rectangle, aligned so that it connects to the two cylinders.

Also, can we make sure there is a small `tolerance` value used? It would be great to add this to the circle radii, as well as add a very small overlap of the middle piece with the cylinders, in order to avoid gaps that might make the print unstable. Can you make sure to use a module for the extruded circle shape and reference it for both cylinders?

I'm hoping to get a well-structured, easily customizable OpenSCAD file for this design. Can you help me out?

[Assistant]
flexible_joint.scad:
```
height = 30;
radius = 5;
lenght = 30;
middle_width = 5;
module extrudedCircle(){
	linear_extrude(height=height){
		circle(radius);
	}
}

extrudedCircle();

translate([lenght,0,0]){
	extrudedCircle();
}

translate([0,-middle_width/2,0]){
	linear_extrude(height=height){
		square([lenght,middle_width],0);
	}
}
```


[User]
Okay, I'm looking to design a parametric bike light in OpenSCAD, and I'm hoping you can help generate the code for it. I've got some specific requirements in mind.

First, I need the light to be cylindrical in its main body. It'll be composed of several distinct sections, each with adjustable lengths and widths. These sections will include a toggle switch compartment, a battery compartment (for an 18650 battery), an airflow gap for the LED, space for a small PCB, the LED itself, and then a lens at the very end. I've got some initial dimensions I'm thinking of, but ideally these should all be adjustable using parameters. So, I'm thinking things like switch length, switch width, battery length, battery width, airflow length, airflow width, pcb length, pcb width, LED length, LED width and lens length and lens width should all be parameters. There should also be a thickness parameter for the wall of the cylinder, and a wire diameter parameter, and a couple of notch length and width parameters for the PCB and lens holding features.

The design should start with the outer cylinder, and then we'll cut out the internal sections. The switch compartment needs a rectangular opening on the side of the cylinder. There should also be a small hole for the wiring, going from the switch to the battery and then from the battery to the other components. Also, to keep things simple, the PCB area, lens and LED areas should all use small inset cylinder to hold the components in place. Finally, there should be an ability to slice the final design in half, to get two halves so that it can be 3D printed.

I think I'd like to use the `MCAD` library if that's suitable; I see a `cylinder` module there that I could see working. I'm imagining something that can calculate the final length and width based on those input parameters I mentioned, too.

Could you generate the OpenSCAD files for this? It sounds like there might need to be a number of .scad files here. I will be using the code output as a starting point and would like all of the key parameters to be at the top of the file.

[Assistant]
bikelight.scad:
```
$fn = 60;

thick=2;

switchlen=12;
switchwid=9;
batterylen=70;
batterywid=9;
airflowlen=6;
airflowwid=10;
pcblen=1;
pcbwid=10;
ledlen=6;
ledwid=12;
lenslen=2;
lenswid=12;

wiredia=1;

notchlen=1;
notchwid=1;

function width() = max(switchwid,batterywid,airflowwid,pcbwid,ledwid,lenswid)+thick;
function length() = thick+switchlen+thick+batterylen+thick+airflowlen+notchlen+pcblen+notchlen+ledlen+notchlen+lenslen+notchlen;

rotate([-90,0,0]) {
  difference() {
    // The outer body
    cylinder(h=length(), r=width());

    // Switch Opening
    translate([-3,-2,0]) {
      cube([6,4,thick]);
    }

    // Switch compartment
    translate([0,0,thick]) {
      cylinder(h=switchlen, r=switchwid);
    }

    // Wire hole
    translate([-wiredia,-wiredia/2,thick+switchlen]) {
      cube([2*wiredia,wiredia,thick]);
    }

    // Battery compartment
    translate([0,0,thick+switchlen+thick]) {
      cylinder(h=batterylen, r=batterywid+wiredia);
    }

    // Wire hole
    translate([-wiredia,-wiredia/2,thick+switchlen+thick+batterylen]) {
      cube([2*wiredia,wiredia,thick]);
    }

    // LED airflow compartment
    translate([0,0,thick+switchlen+thick+batterylen+thick]) {
      cylinder(h=airflowlen, r=airflowwid);
    }

    // PCB
    translate([0,0,thick+switchlen+thick+batterylen+thick+airflowlen]) {
      cylinder(h=1, r=pcbwid-notchwid);
    }
    translate([0,0,thick+switchlen+thick+batterylen+thick+airflowlen+notchlen]) {
      cylinder(h=pcblen, r=pcbwid);
    }
    translate([0,0,thick+switchlen+thick+batterylen+thick+airflowlen+notchlen+pcblen]) {
      cylinder(h=1, r=pcbwid-notchwid);
    }

    // LED compartment
    translate([0,0,thick+switchlen+thick+batterylen+thick+airflowlen+notchlen+pcblen+notchlen]) {
      cylinder(h=ledlen, r=ledwid);
    }

    // Lens
    translate([0,0,thick+switchlen+thick+batterylen+thick+airflowlen+notchlen+pcblen+notchlen+ledlen]) {
      cylinder(h=1, r=lenswid-notchwid);
    }
    translate([0,0,thick+switchlen+thick+batterylen+thick+airflowlen+notchlen+pcblen+notchlen+ledlen+notchlen]) {
      cylinder(h=lenslen, r=lenswid);
    }
    translate([0,0,thick+switchlen+thick+batterylen+thick+airflowlen+notchlen+pcblen+notchlen+ledlen+notchlen+lenslen]) {
      cylinder(h=1, r=lenswid-notchwid);
    }

    // Cleave it in twain
    translate([-width(),0,0]) {
      cube([2*width(),width(),length()]);
    }
  }
}

echo();
echo("***");
echo("STATS:");
echo(str("Final length = ", length(), "mm"));
echo(str("Final width = ", 2*width(), "mm"));
echo("***");
echo();

```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to create a multi-wrench design in OpenSCAD and could use some help. I've got a basic idea, but I need it to be parametric and easily customizable.

Essentially, I want a central hub with multiple wrench "branches" extending outwards. Each branch should have a standardized 1/4" socket attachment point at the end. The number of branches, the overall length of the wrench, and potentially the size/shape of the socket attachment point should all be parameters I can control.

Here’s the breakdown:

1.  **Central Hub:** This is the core of the wrench where all the branches connect. I envision something relatively small and solid.
2.  **Wrench Branches:** These should be evenly spaced around the hub and have a uniform shape. Each branch should have a cylindrical core leading to the socket connection at the end.
3.  **Socket Attachment:** This part is crucial. It should be designed to securely hold a 1/4" drive socket. A tight fit is preferred. Maybe we can incorporate a slight taper or rounded edges to ensure the socket isn't difficult to insert but stays put.
4.  **Parametric Controls:** I need to easily adjust the following:
    *   **Number of Branches:** This determines how many wrench heads there are, like 3, 4, 5, or even 6.
    *   **Branch Length:** How long each wrench arm is extending from the center.
    *   **Socket dimensions** Although I would like to target the 1/4" socket, it would be nice to be able to slightly adjust the size of the head.
5.  **Printability:** The design should be easy to 3D print without needing supports. I was thinking we could have a flat bottom on the central hub.

I'm not familiar with 3D modeling math, but it would be nice to have some common design language in the module definitions (like `length` and `diameter` rather than `l`, `r` or `d`).

I'd like the file(s) to be well commented, so I can figure out how it works if I want to change it in the future.

Could you generate the OpenSCAD file for me based on these requirements? I'd prefer it to be as simple as possible, without requiring external libraries if possible.

[Assistant]
multiWrench.scad:
```
// Number of wrench head
wrenchCount = 3; //[3,4,5,6]

// Length of wrench hand
wrenchLength = 15; //[10:50]

multiWrench(wrenchCount,wrenchLength);

module multiWrench(count,length){
    for(degree=[0:360/count:359]){
        union(){
            echo(degree);
            wrenchBranch(length,degree);
        }
    }
}
module wrenchBranch(length,degree){
    difference(){
        rotate([90,0,degree]) {
            translate([0,0,length/2]) {
                cylinder(length, 6,5, center=true);
                translate([0,0,length/2]) {
                    roundedRect([5, 5, 8], 1.29, $fn=18);
                }
            }
        }
        translate([0,0,-5.1]){
            cube([length*3,length*3,4],center=true);
        }
    }
}

module roundedRect(size, radius)
{
	x = size[0];
	y = size[1];
	z = size[2];

	linear_extrude(height=z)
	hull()
	{
		// place 4 circles in the corners, with the given radius
		translate([(-x/2)+(radius/2), (-y/2)+(radius/2), 0])
		circle(r=radius);

		translate([(x/2)-(radius/2), (-y/2)+(radius/2), 0])
		circle(r=radius);

		translate([(-x/2)+(radius/2), (y/2)-(radius/2), 0])
		circle(r=radius);

		translate([(x/2)-(radius/2), (y/2)-(radius/2), 0])
		circle(r=radius);
	}
}

```


[User]
I need an OpenSCAD design for a parametric round LEGO brick. I'd like to be able to adjust the diameter and height of the main brick body, as well as the pin dimensions and their placement. Here's what I'm thinking in terms of parameters:

*   **`lego_diam`**: The diameter of the main cylindrical part of the brick.
*   **`lego_height`**: The total height of the brick.
*   **`pin_height`**: The height of the pins (both top and bottom).
*   **`pin_diam`**: The diameter of the pins.
*   **`pin_diff`**: The difference in radius between the pin and the hole it fits into, effectively creating a small clearance for a snug fit.  This should only affect the *bottom* hole. The top pin will fit snugly.

The design should have:

*   A main cylindrical brick body with a given `lego_diam` and `lego_height`.
*   A pin on top with the given `pin_diam` and `pin_height`.
*   A pin on the bottom that will fit into an existing brick pin. It should have the same `pin_diam` and `pin_height` as the top pin, but with the clearance described by `pin_diff`.
*   Make sure that the bottom hole goes a bit *past* the lego cylinder body for better compatibility (extending up at least the height of `pin_height` or more). This might mean using a cylinder of `pin_height` times some constant like 2.

I need all of this to be written from scratch, don't assume any external libraries beyond the basics of OpenSCAD (cylinders, translations, etc.). Thanks!

[Assistant]
round_lego.scad:
```
/* [Brick settings] */
//Brick diameter
lego_diam = 8.0;
//Height of entire brick
lego_height = 13;

/* [Pin Settings] */
//Height of pin
pin_height = 1.7;
//Diameter of pin
pin_diam = 4.8;
//Diameter addition for pin Hole (bottom)
pin_diff = 1.0;

/* [Hidden] */
//This tells OpenScad to make the circle really round
$fn = 100;
pin_rad = pin_diam / 2;
lego_rad = lego_diam / 2;
hole_rad = pin_rad-pin_diff/2;
hole_rad2 = pin_rad;

difference()
{
union()
{
    cylinder(pin_height, pin_rad+pin_diff, pin_rad+pin_diff);
    translate([0,0,pin_height])
        cylinder(lego_height-pin_height*2, lego_rad, lego_rad);
    translate([0,0,lego_height-pin_height])
        cylinder(pin_height, pin_rad, pin_rad);
}
translate([0,0,-1])
//Two pins, lego height + 2 to make sure the hole exceeds the model
    cylinder(pin_height*2+lego_height+2, hole_rad, hole_rad);
translate([0,0,-1])
    cylinder(lego_height-pin_height*2, hole_rad2, hole_rad2);
}
```


[User]
I'd like to create a customizable puzzle generator that uses a PNG image as the basis for the puzzle's shape. I have a description and a starting point, but I need the full OpenSCAD code written from scratch.

Here's what I'm looking for:

The design should take a PNG image and use its white areas as a base for a 3D puzzle. The black areas of the image should be cut away. The puzzle should be composed of a grid of interlocking pieces. These pieces should have rounded "tab and hole" features along their edges to allow them to connect.

Here's a breakdown of the parameters I need to be able to adjust:

*   **`filename`**: The path to the PNG image file (e.g., "my_image.png"). This image should be 100x100 pixels. The white areas define the puzzle.
*   **`width`**: The overall width (and height, as it'll be a square) of the final puzzle in millimeters.
*   **`x_blocks`**: The number of pieces along the width and height of the puzzle (e.g., `x_blocks = 3` would make a 3x3 puzzle).
*   **`spacing`**: The space to leave between puzzle pieces to account for manufacturing tolerance, also in millimeters.

The code should include the following modules:

*   **`puzzle_piece(side_length, spacing)`**: This should generate the individual puzzle piece with the interlocking tabs/holes.
*   **`puzzle(xs, ys, piece_side_length, spacing)`**:  This should assemble a grid of puzzle pieces, and also create the outside cut-outs for a closed border.
*   **`image_to_surface(filename, width)`**: This should take the PNG image and create the base surface, scaling it appropriately.
*   **`image_to_puzzle(filename, width, x_blocks, spacing)`**: This should combine the image surface and the interlocking puzzle pieces, creating the final puzzle object.

I don't need any external libraries. Everything should be written from scratch using standard OpenSCAD features. The puzzle pieces should be 3D extrusions.

[Assistant]
ImageToPuzzle.scad:
```
// png: 100x100 pixels
filename = "";  // [image_surface:100x100]
width = 100;
x_blocks = 3;
spacing = 0.4;

// Puzzle
module puzzle_piece(side_length, spacing) {
	$fn = 48;

	circle_radius = side_length / 10;
	half_circle_radius = circle_radius / 2;
	side_length_div_4 = side_length / 4;
	bulge_circle_radius = circle_radius - spacing;

	difference() {
		square(side_length - spacing);

		// left
		translate([half_circle_radius, side_length_div_4, 0])
			circle(circle_radius);
		translate([half_circle_radius, side_length_div_4 * 3, 0])
			circle(circle_radius);

		// top
		translate([side_length_div_4, side_length - half_circle_radius, 0])
			circle(circle_radius);
		translate([side_length_div_4 * 3, side_length - half_circle_radius, 0])
			circle(circle_radius);
	}

	// right
	translate([side_length + half_circle_radius, side_length_div_4, 0])
		circle(bulge_circle_radius);
	translate([side_length + half_circle_radius, side_length_div_4 * 3, 0])
		circle(bulge_circle_radius);

	// bottom
	translate([side_length_div_4, -half_circle_radius, 0])
		circle(bulge_circle_radius);
	translate([side_length_div_4 * 3, -half_circle_radius, 0])
		circle(bulge_circle_radius);
}

module puzzle(xs, ys, piece_side_length, spacing) {
    $fn = 48;
	circle_radius = piece_side_length / 10;
	half_circle_radius = circle_radius / 2;
	side_length_div_4 = piece_side_length / 4;

	intersection() {
		union() for(x = [0 : xs - 1]) {
			for(y = [0 : ys - 1]) {
				translate([piece_side_length * x, piece_side_length * y, 0])
					puzzle_piece(piece_side_length, spacing);

				if(x == 0) {
					// left
					translate([half_circle_radius, side_length_div_4 + piece_side_length * y, 0])
						circle(circle_radius);
					translate([half_circle_radius, side_length_div_4 * 3 + piece_side_length * y, 0])
						circle(circle_radius);
				}
				if(y == ys - 1) {
					// top
					translate([side_length_div_4 + piece_side_length * x, piece_side_length * (y + 1) - half_circle_radius, 0])
						circle(circle_radius);
					translate([side_length_div_4 * 3 + piece_side_length * x, piece_side_length * (y + 1) - half_circle_radius, 0])
						circle(circle_radius);
				}
			}
		}

		square([piece_side_length * xs - spacing, piece_side_length * ys - spacing]);
	}
}

module image_to_surface(filename, width) {
    $fn = 48;
    origin_width = 100;
	half_origin_width = 50;
	scale_factor = width / origin_width;

	scale([scale_factor, scale_factor, 1])  union() {
		color("white") intersection() {
		   linear_extrude(4) square(origin_width);
		   scale([1, 1, 10]) surface(file = filename);
		}

		color("black") linear_extrude(2) square(origin_width);
	}
}

module image_to_puzzle(filename, width, x_blocks, spacing) {
	piece_side_length = width / x_blocks;
	y_blocks = x_blocks;

	intersection() {
		image_to_surface(filename, width);
		linear_extrude(15)
			 puzzle(x_blocks, y_blocks, piece_side_length, spacing);
	}
}

image_to_puzzle(filename, width, x_blocks, spacing);

```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to create a customizable stick figure using OpenSCAD, and I'd like to have it fully parametric. I've got a pretty specific idea in mind, so here's how I envision it:

**Basic Structure:**

*   The stick figure should have a head, body, two arms, and two legs.
*   Each limb (upper arm, lower arm, hand, thigh, shin, foot) should be made of a cylindrical "bone" with variable length.
*   There should be joints between each limb segment that are controlled by angles. So I should be able to change the angles of the shoulders, elbows, hips, knees and ankles, and the body too (body angle).
*   All of the "bones" will have the same thickness, which I also want to customize.
*  The connections between "bones" at the "joints" are at the end of each bone.

**Head:**

*   The head should be a cylinder, with its diameter and position being adjustable.
*   I'd like to be able to control whether it's a solid cylinder or a hollow cylinder.

**Body:**

*   The body should be a single "bone" with its length adjustable.
*  The body should have an offset for the arms

**Arms:**

*   Each arm consists of an upper arm, lower arm, and hand, all with adjustable lengths.
*  The arm's offset from the body can be set.
* The angles of the upper arm, lower arm and hand should be adjustable.
* There are two arms, left and right, with independent control

**Legs:**

*   Each leg consists of a thigh, shin, and foot, all with adjustable lengths.
*  The angles of the thigh, shin and foot should be adjustable.
*   There are two legs, left and right, with independent control

**Base:**

*   There should be a base, which is optional.
*   I need options for the base to be a circle, a front half circle, a back half circle, a cube, a front half cube, or a back half cube.
* The base should be scalable by width, depth, and height
*  The base should be able to be attached to any foot or hand.
* I need to specify the position of the base, as well as an offset and rotation.

**Parameters:**

I'd like to control these parameters through variables:

*   **Angles:** `upper_arm_l`, `lower_arm_l`, `hand_l`, `upper_arm_r`, `lower_arm_r`, `hand_r`, `thigh_l`, `shin_l`, `foot_l`, `thigh_r`, `shin_r`, `foot_r`, `body` (all in degrees)
*   **Base:** `base_position` (0:None, 1:Left Leg, 2:Right Leg, 3:Left Arm, 4:Right Arm), `base_type` (1:Circle, 2:Front circle, 3:Back circle, 4:Cube, 5:Front cube, 6:Back cube), `base_width`, `base_depth`, `base_height`, `base_rotate`, `base_offset_x`, `base_offset_y`
*   **Basic:** `b_thickness`, `thickness`
*   **Head:** `fill_head` (boolean), `head_diameter`, `head_offset_x`, `head_offset_y`
*   **Body:** `body_length`
*   **Left Arm:** `arm_l_offset`,`upper_arm_l_length`, `lower_arm_l_length`, `hand_l_length`
*   **Right Arm:** `arm_r_offset`,`upper_arm_r_length`, `lower_arm_r_length`, `hand_r_length`
*  **Left Leg:** `thigh_l_length`, `shin_l_length`, `foot_l_length`
*  **Right Leg:** `thigh_r_length`, `shin_r_length`, `foot_r_length`
*   **Resolution:** `base_fn`, `head_fn`

I think that covers it.  I'd really appreciate your help with creating the OpenSCAD files for this project. I do not need any libraries. Let me know if you have questions.

[Assistant]
StickMan.scad:
```
// ==================================================
// Stick Man - Customizer
// Created by Daiju Watanbe ( Daizyu ).
// 2 April 2016.
// =================================================

// preview[view:south, tilt:top]

/* [Angle] */
upper_arm_l = -70;               // [-360:360]
lower_arm_l = 110;               // [-360:360]
hand_l = -30;               // [-360:360]
upper_arm_r = 80;               // [-360:360]
lower_arm_r = 40;               // [-360:360]
hand_r = 30;               // [-360:360]
thigh_l = -40;               // [-360:360]
shin_l = 30;               // [-360:360]
foot_l = 10;               // [-360:360]
thigh_r = 40;               // [-360:360]
shin_r = -30;               // [-360:360]
foot_r = -10;               // [-360:360]
body = 0;               // [-360:360]

/* [Base] */
base_position = 1; // [0:None,1:Left Leg,1:Right Leg,2:Left Arm,3:Right Arm] */
base_type=3;	// [1:Circle,2:Front circle,3:Back circle,4:Cube,5:Front cube,6:Back cube */
base_width = 15;
base_depth = 5;
base_height = 2;
base_rotate = 0;
base_offset_x = 5.5;
base_offset_y = 0;

/* [Basic] */
b_thickness = 2;
thickness = 1.4;

/* [Head] */
fill_head = false;
head_diameter = 10;
head_offset_x = 0;
head_offset_y = 0;

/* [Body] */
body_length = 12;

/* [Left arm] */
arm_l_offset = 2;
upper_arm_l_length = 5;
lower_arm_l_length = 5;
hand_l_length = 2;

/* [Right arm] */
arm_r_offset = 2;
upper_arm_r_length = 5;
lower_arm_r_length = 5;
hand_r_length = 2;

/* [Left Leg] */
thigh_l_length = 7;
shin_l_length = 7;
foot_l_length = 2;

/* [Right Leg] */
thigh_r_length = 7;
shin_r_length = 7;
foot_r_length = 2;

/* [resolution] */
base_fn = 120;
head_fn = 100;

module bone(length){
{
	translate([-thickness/2,0,0])
		cube(size = [thickness,length,b_thickness], center = false);
	}
	cylinder(h=b_thickness, r=thickness/2, center=false ,$fn=20);
}

module base(){
	if(base_type==0)
	{

	}
	if(base_type==1)
	{
		translate([0,0,b_thickness/2])
		rotate(90,[1,0,0])
		scale([base_width,base_depth,base_height])
		cylinder(h=base_height, r=1, center=false ,$fn=base_fn);
	}
	if(base_type==2)
	{
		translate([0,0,b_thickness])
		//translate([0,0,-base_height-b_thickness/2])
		rotate(90,[1,0,0])
		scale([base_width,base_depth*2,base_height])
		difference()
		{
			cylinder(h=base_height, r=1, center=false ,$fn=base_fn);
			translate([-1,0 ,-1 ])
			cube([2,2 ,base_height+2 ], center = false);
		}
	}
	if(base_type==3)
	{
		translate([0,0,0])
		//translate([0,0,-base_height-b_thickness/2])
		rotate(90,[1,0,0])
		scale([base_width,base_depth*2,base_height])
		difference()
		{
			cylinder(h=base_height, r=1, center=false ,$fn=base_fn);
			translate([-1,-2,-1])
			cube([2,2 ,base_height+2 ], center = false);
		}
	}
	if(base_type==4)
	{
		translate([0,0,b_thickness/2])
		//translate([0,0,-base_height-b_thickness/2])
		rotate(90,[1,0,0])
		scale([base_width,base_depth*2,base_height])
		difference()
		{
			//cylinder(h=base_height, r=1, center=false ,$fn=base_fn);
			//cube([2,2 ,base_height+2 ], center = false);
			translate([-0.5,-0.5 ,0 ])
			cube([1,1 ,1 ], center = false);
		}
	}
	if(base_type==5)
	{
		translate([0,0,b_thickness])
		//translate([0,0,-base_height-b_thickness/2])
		rotate(90,[1,0,0])
		scale([base_width,base_depth*2,base_height])
		difference()
		{
			//cylinder(h=base_height, r=1, center=false ,$fn=base_fn);
			//cube([2,2 ,base_height+2 ], center = false);
			translate([-0.5,-1.0 ,0 ])
			cube([1,1 ,1 ], center = false);
		}
	}
	if(base_type==6)
	{
		translate([0,0,0])
		//translate([0,0,-base_height-b_thickness/2])
		rotate(90,[1,0,0])
		scale([base_width,base_depth*2,base_height])
		difference()
		{
			//cylinder(h=base_height, r=1, center=false ,$fn=base_fn);
			//cube([2,2 ,base_height+2 ], center = false);
			translate([-0.5,0 ,0 ])
			cube([1,1 ,1 ], center = false);
		}
	}
}

module branch(
	head_diameter,
	Degrees1,Length1,
	Degrees2,length2,
	Degrees3,length3,
	Degrees4,length4,
	BasePosition)
{
	rotate(Degrees1,[0,0,1])
	translate([0,Length1+head_diameter/2,0])
	rotate(Degrees2,[0,0,1])
	{
		bone(length2);

		translate([0,length2,0])
		rotate(Degrees3,[0,0,1])
		{
			bone(length3);

			translate([0,length3,0])
			rotate(Degrees4,[0,0,1])
			{
				bone(length4);

				if ( base_position == BasePosition )
				{
					translate([0,length4,0])
						rotate(-Degrees2-Degrees3
						-Degrees4-Degrees1+base_rotate,[0,0,1])
						translate([base_offset_x,base_offset_y,0])
						base();
						//cube([1,1,1]);
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

module headBody()
{
    	union(){
		translate([head_offset_x,head_offset_y,0])
			cylinder(h=b_thickness, r=head_diameter/2.0, center=false ,$fn=head_fn);
		rotate(body+180,[0,0,1])
			bone(body_length+head_diameter/2);
	}
}

union()
{
	if ( fill_head )
	{
		headBody();
	}else{
		difference()
		{
			headBody();
			translate([head_offset_x,head_offset_y,-1])
				cylinder(h=b_thickness+2, r=(head_diameter)/2.0-thickness, center=false ,$fn=head_fn);
		}
	}

	branch(head_diameter,
		body+180,body_length,
		thigh_l,thigh_l_length,
		shin_l,shin_l_length,
		foot_l,foot_l_length,
		1);

	branch(head_diameter,
		body+180,body_length,
		thigh_r,thigh_r_length,
		shin_r,shin_r_length,
		foot_r,foot_r_length,
		2);

	branch(head_diameter,
		body+180,arm_l_offset,
		upper_arm_l,upper_arm_l_length,
		lower_arm_l,lower_arm_l_length,
		hand_l,hand_l_length,
		3);

	branch(head_diameter,
		body+180,arm_r_offset,
		upper_arm_r,upper_arm_r_length,
		lower_arm_r,lower_arm_r_length,
		hand_r,hand_r_length,
		4);
}
```


[User]
Hey there, I'm looking for some help designing a parametric card holder for board games. I've got a few specific needs, and hopefully you can help me out with some OpenSCAD files.

Basically, I want to create a series of rectangular slots to hold decks of cards, and I need to be able to adjust the dimensions of the slots to match different card sizes, as well as the number of slots.

Here are the specific parameters I want to control:

*   **build\_plate\_selector:** This is just for display purposes, and the actual dimensions will be different. Let's ignore it, and I'll specify the exact build plate size as `build_plate_manual_x` and `build_plate_manual_y`.
*   **build\_plate\_manual\_x:** The x-dimension of my build plate (in mm).
*   **build\_plate\_manual\_y:** The y-dimension of my build plate (in mm).
*   **cards:** The maximum number of cards in a single stack/slot.
*   **card\_thickness:** The thickness of a single card (in mm). I know that common playing cards are around 0.3mm.
*   **card\_width:** The width of a card (in mm).
*   **card\_depth:** The depth of a card (in mm).
*   **thickness:** The thickness of the walls of the card holder.
*   **card\_trays:** The number of card slots/trays I need.
*   **backtoback:** This is a boolean that decides whether the slots are arranged in a single row, or in two rows back-to-back. If `1`, two rows; if `0`, one row.
*   **blank:** Another boolean that, if `1`, adds a flat, rectangular ridge inside each card slot, instead of letters. If `0`, it should generate some text for labels inside the slots using the `brand1` and `brand2` settings.
*   **ridge:** If `blank` is `1`, this value is the size of the ridge that should be created around the slot.
*   **brand1:** The first text label if `blank` is `0`
*   **brand2:** The second text label if `blank` is `0`

The basic design should be a series of rectangular boxes, each with an internal slot sized to hold a stack of cards. There should also be an opening on one side of the rectangle that allows easy access to the cards. When `blank` is `1`, I want a raised rectangle on the base. If `blank` is `0`, I would like some text (using `brand1` and `brand2`) inside. The text should be extruded a bit to stand out.

I'd also like the design to center itself on the specified build plate dimensions.

I think that should be it. No external libraries needed. Thanks!

[Assistant]
Board_game_card_holder_rev1.2.scad:
```
/******************************************************************************/
/**********                     INFO                                 **********/
/******************************************************************************/
/*
Parametric Board Game Card Holder Rev 1.1 April 2016
by David Buhler

Baggies, lots of baggies or ziplocks are in your future if you play a lot of the
current board games.  Most don't come with any organizer for the cards and tokens
so they lay strewn about the table and bagged when not. I search Thingiverse and
found a couple designs for the tokens, great designs but not for the various
size cards.  This design was to create some order for the cards and is customizable
to fit the diverse needs of all the decks out there.

When you measure the deck size it is best to do so with calipers and add a few mm
to the width and depth of the cards, if you are doing this by tape measure be picky.
Boxes on the small side will not fit the cards, but a slight larger box will.

Base defaults are for the smaller Star Wars Imperial Assault Decks

Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 (CC BY-NC 3.0)
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/

SW imperial Assault 43x65, 58x90,

Version 1.1
fixed wall thickness and placements

*/

/******************************************************************************/
/**********                     Settings                             **********/
/******************************************************************************/
//adjust the follow to meet your needs,  all measurements in mm.

/* [BUILD PLATE] */
//for display only, doesn't contribute to final object
build_plate_selector = 3; //[0:Replicator 2,1: Replicator,2:Thingomatic,3:Manual]
//when Build Plate Selector is set to "manual" this controls the build plate x dimension
build_plate_manual_x = 200; //[100:400]
//when Build Plate Selector is set to "manual" this controls the build plate y dimension
build_plate_manual_y = 200; //[100:400]

/* [Deck Size] */
//Max number of cards in one stack
cards=22;//[5:70]

//Individual Card Thickness (0.3 seems normal)
card_thickness=0.3;//[0.1,0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5]

//Width of Cards
card_width= 43;//[30:105]

//Depth of Cards
card_depth=65;//[50:140]

//Box Edge Thickness
thickness=1;//[1:5]

//Number of Card Trays
card_trays=6;//[1:10]

//Back to Back?
backtoback=1;//[0:No,1:Yes]

//Create blank instead of leters?
blank=1;//[0:No,1:Yes]

//Rim around card slot if blank
ridge=8;//[3:10]

//Text high  (only one caracter per row)
brand1="S";
//Text low  (only one caracter per row)
brand2="W";

/******************************************************************************/
/**********                   Variable Calcs                         **********/
/****                     no need to adjust these                      ********/
/******************************************************************************/
/* [HIDDEN] */
base_thickness=2;
tray_height=cards*card_thickness+base_thickness+3;//cards are about 0.3mm thick the +3 is a "looseness" addon

/******************************************************************************/
/**********                  Make It Happen Stuff                    **********/
/******************************************************************************/
build_plate(build_plate_selector,build_plate_manual_x,build_plate_manual_y);
rotate([0,0,90])translate([-card_width/(backtoback+1)*card_trays/2,-card_depth-thickness*3/2,0])//fit to center of buildplate
    if (backtoback==0){//one row or two
        build_tray(card_trays);
        }
    else {//back to back routine, two rows
        build_tray(ceil(card_trays/2));
        translate([(card_width+thickness)*ceil((card_trays)/2)+thickness,(card_depth+thickness*2)*2-thickness,0])
            rotate([0,0,180])
            build_tray(ceil(card_trays/2));
    }

/******************************************************************************/
/**********                         Modules                          **********/
/******************************************************************************/
//builts the basic tray then replicates that with offset for the next ones
module build_tray(slots){
    for (i=[0:slots-1]){
        difference() {
            translate ([(card_width+thickness)*i,0,0])
                cube([card_width+thickness*2,card_depth+thickness*2,tray_height]);//base box
            translate ([thickness+(card_width+thickness)*i,thickness,base_thickness])
                cube([card_width,card_depth,tray_height]);//hollow up the insides
            translate ([thickness+4+(card_width+thickness)*i,-1,base_thickness])
                cube([card_width-8,card_depth,tray_height]);//make the slot to pick up cards

          if ( blank==0){
           translate ([(thickness+(card_width+thickness)*i)+(card_width+thickness)/2,card_depth/2,-1])
            linear_extrude(base_thickness+5)
                      text(brand1,size=card_width/2,font="ariel:style=Bold",halign="center");//add text
              translate ([(thickness+(card_width+thickness)*i)+(card_width+thickness)/2,5,-1])
                  linear_extrude(base_thickness+5)
                  text(brand2,size=card_width/2,font="ariel:style=Bold",halign="center");//add text
            }
          else {
            translate([(card_width+thickness)*i+ridge,ridge,-0.01]) cube([card_width+thickness*2-ridge*2,card_depth+thickness*2-ridge*2,tray_height]);
          }
            }

    }
}

//display build plate on screen for reference modified thingverse code to allow above auto part placement
module build_plate(bp,manX,manY){

		translate([0,0,-.52]){
			if(bp == 0){
				%cube([285,153,1],center = true);
			}
			if(bp == 1){
				%cube([225,145,1],center = true);
			}
			if(bp == 2){
				%cube([120,120,1],center = true);
			}
			if(bp == 3){
				%cube([manX,manY,1],center = true);
			}

		}
		translate([0,0,-.5]){
			if(bp == 0){
				for(i = [-14:14]){
					translate([i*10,0,0])
					%cube([.5,153,1.01],center = true);
				}
				for(i = [-7:7]){
					translate([0,i*10,0])
					%cube([285,.5,1.01],center = true);
				}
			}
			if(bp == 1){
				for(i = [-11:11]){
					translate([i*10,0,0])
						%cube([.5,145,1.01],center = true);
				}
				for(i = [-7:7]){
					translate([0,i*10,0])
						%cube([225,.5,1.01],center = true);
				}
			}
			if(bp == 2){
				for(i = [-6:6]){
					translate([i*10,0,0])
						%cube([.5,120,1.01],center = true);
				}
				for(i = [-6:6]){
					translate([0,i*10,0])
						%cube([120,.5,1.01],center = true);
				}
			}
			if(bp == 3){
				for(i = [-(floor(manX/20)):floor(manX/20)]){
					translate([i*10,0,0])
						%cube([.5,manY,1.01],center = true);
				}
				for(i = [-(floor(manY/20)):floor(manY/20)]){
					translate([0,i*10,0])
						%cube([manX,.5,1.01],center = true);
				}
			}
		}
}
```


[User]
Okay, so I'm looking to create a stand for my Samsung Note 4 phone, specifically designed to work with my existing phone case and a specific wireless charger I have, the Itian®Qi Wireless Charging Pad K8 from Amazon.

I've already got a basic idea roughed out in a non-parametric SCAD file but I would love if we could make this a parametric design, that is a design where the dimensions are easily controlled via variables. I want it to be split into two parts that can be assembled together. The main stand will have a base with a slot for the charger, and a top piece to hold the phone at a slight angle. It also needs to have a small channel for the charging cable.

The base should be kind of a trapezoidal shape, with a hollowed-out area in the center to house the wireless charging pad. I need it to have enough space to hold the guts of the charging pad, which is around 100mm wide and 87mm long, with a height of about 46mm. Let's provide a variable `charger_x`, `charger_y` and `charger_z` to control these dimensions.  The base should also have a sloping side, like in the example file I provided. I suppose it should have a `base_length`, `base_height` and `base_width` for the overall dimensions of this shape, and `base_slope` to control the slope of the trapezoidal shape.

The top piece that holds the phone needs to be a mostly rectangular shape, but with a cutout in the middle to accommodate the phone. The front part of this top will sit on the flat of the base. The phone should sit at a bit of a tilt - let's make this another variable, `phone_tilt`, and also a `phone_z_offset` for the height offset where the back of the phone contacts the stand, measured from the top of the base. Let's call the main dimensions of this piece `top_x`,`top_y`,`top_z` and let the size of the cutout be controlled by `cutout_x`,`cutout_y` and `cutout_z`.

Finally there needs to be a channel routed out of the back for the wire to run through. It should be a small, thin channel. Let's make its position be controlled by the `channel_x`, `channel_y` and `channel_z` dimensions and its size controlled by `channel_length` and `channel_width` parameters.

I'm not sure how best to handle the curvature of the top of the phone and the case. Maybe we can add a small hole where I can put a screw or something similar to hold it in place? Let's add a `hole_x`, `hole_y` and `hole_z` variable to control the location of this hole, and `hole_r` for its radius.

I think this should be everything. Could we make the design modular so it's easy to add new features? I'd also prefer it if it was in one SCAD file for now to make it easier to start with. I want to make sure to include the BOSL2 library because of the powerful functions that it provides.

[Assistant]
note4_stand.scad:
```

module top(){
    rotate([0,-20,0]){
        difference(){
            cube([20,89,100]);
            translate([6,2,12]){  //move top hole
                color([1,0,0]) cube([14.5,85,100]);//top hole
            }
            translate([6,2,2]){
                cube([12.5,85,11]);//botton hole
            }
        }
    }
}

module base_shell(){
    	    polyhedron (
	    		points = [[-20, 0, 60], [-20, 89, 60], [0, 89, 0], [0, 0, 0], [-40, 0, 0], [-40, 89, 0]],
			faces = [[0,3,2], [0,2,1], [3,0,4], [1,2,5], [0,5,4], [0,1,5],  [5,2,4], [4,2,3], ]);
}
module base_hole(){
    	    polyhedron (
	    		points = [[-122, 2, 58], [-122, 87, 58], [-100, 87, 12], [-100, 2, 12], [-140, 2, 12], [-140, 87, 12]],
			faces = [[0,3,2], [0,2,1], [3,0,4], [1,2,5], [0,5,4], [0,1,5],  [5,2,4], [4,2,3], ]);
}

module base(){
    difference(){
    base_shell();
        translate([100,0,0]){
            base_hole();
        }
    }
}

module hole(){
     translate([-26,35,65]) rotate([0,70,0]){
        cylinder(h=6,r1=27,r2=27);
    }
}
module channel(){
    translate([-2.65,30,2])rotate([0,-20.5,0]){
        cube([6,3,45]);
    }
}

difference(){
union(){
    top();
    base();
}
hole();
channel();
}

```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to design a custom bung for my Better Bottle carboys, the plastic ones, not glass. I want it to be a blow-off bung, so it has a tube connector for tubing instead of an airlock. I've got some measurements, but I need it to be parametric so I can tweak it if I need to.

Here's what I'm thinking:

*   **Lip:** There should be a lip at the top that sits on the carboy opening. It should have an outer radius, lip height, and an inner radius that matches the carboy opening plus a wall thickness.
*   **Bung Body:** Below the lip, there should be a cylindrical body that goes down into the carboy neck. This should have a length and an outer radius that expands to match the carboy opening and it should have an inner radius that matches the carboy opening minus a bit so it fits nice and snug.
*   **Tube Connector:** At the bottom of the bung body, I need a tube connector for my blow-off tubing. It should have a height and a radius that matches my tubing's outer diameter and it should have an inner radius that matches my tubing's inner diameter plus a wall thickness so that it will grip the tubing.

I would really like to have all of these measurements controlled by variables at the top of the file. Can you generate an OpenSCAD file (or files if that's easier) that can do this? I would like it to include a rotation so it prints in the correct orientation.

Here are the specific measurements to start with:

*   `Lip_Outer_Radius`: 30mm
*   `Lip_Height`: 4mm
*   `Carboy_Opening_Radius`: 23mm
*   `Bung_Length`: 36mm
*   `Your_Tubing_ID_Radius`: 6.5mm
*   `Tube_Connector_Height`: 20mm
*   `Wall_Thickness`: 2.4mm

Also, I've noticed that a lot of people use `rotate([0,180,0])` to print models upside down. I'd prefer if you just set the `center=false` on cylinders so it doesn't need to use the `rotate` command. Thanks!

[Assistant]
Carboy_Blow_Off_Bung.scad:
```
$fn = 200;
//Parameters
Lip_Outer_Radius=30;
Lip_Height=4;
Carboy_Opening_Radius=23;
Bung_Length=36;
Your_Tubing_ID_Radius=6.5;
Tube_Connector_Height=20;
Wall_Thickness=2.4;
rotate([0,180,0]) {
//Lip Ring
difference() {
    // This piece will be created:
    cylinder(r=Lip_Outer_Radius, h=Lip_Height, center=true);

    // Everything else listed will be taken away:

    cylinder(r=Carboy_Opening_Radius-Wall_Thickness, h=Lip_Height+.1, center=true);
}

//Bung Body
difference() {
    translate([0,0,Lip_Height/2])cylinder(h=Bung_Length, r1=Carboy_Opening_Radius+Wall_Thickness, r2=Carboy_Opening_Radius-2, center=false);
    translate([0,0,(Lip_Height/2)-.1])cylinder(h=Bung_Length+.2, r1=Carboy_Opening_Radius-Wall_Thickness, r2=(Carboy_Opening_Radius-2)-Wall_Thickness, center=false);
}

//Bung End
difference() {
    translate([0,0,(Lip_Height/2)+Bung_Length])
    cylinder(r=Carboy_Opening_Radius-2, h=Wall_Thickness, center=false);

    translate([0,0,((Lip_Height/2)+Bung_Length)-.1])
    cylinder(r=Your_Tubing_ID_Radius-Wall_Thickness, h=Wall_Thickness+.11, center=false);
}

//Tube Connector
difference() {
    translate([0,0,((Lip_Height/2)+Bung_Length)-Tube_Connector_Height])
    cylinder(r=Your_Tubing_ID_Radius, h=Tube_Connector_Height, center=false);

    translate([0,0,(((Lip_Height/2)+Bung_Length)-Tube_Connector_Height)-.1])
    cylinder(r=Your_Tubing_ID_Radius-Wall_Thickness, h=Tube_Connector_Height+.11, center=false);
}
}

```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking for some help creating a customizable triangular pen design in OpenSCAD. I'd like it to be able to hold a standard Bic pen ink stick and have customizable text on each of its three faces.

Here's what I'm thinking:

*   **Basic Shape:** The pen body should be a triangular prism with a tapered end, like a cone, at the tip.
*   **Text Customization:** Each of the three faces of the prism should have the ability to display user-specified text. I'd like to be able to control the text, the depth of the text extrude, font, and font size. I'd like to use fonts from Google Fonts.
*   **Ink Stick Hole:** There needs to be a hole through the center of the pen for the Bic ink stick (the transparent plastic tube portion and the black plastic tip at the end) to fit snugly. The ink stick and tip need to be modeled parametrically and have a tolerance variable to adjust the hole diameter to accommodate variations in print accuracy.
*   **Orientation:** I'd like to be able to choose whether to print the pens vertically (slower, good for high volume) or horizontally (faster, good for multi-color text). If printing horizontally I would like face 1 to be on the bed of the printer so I can do a filament change mid print.
*   **Parametric Design:** Everything should be parametric, so I can easily change things like:
    *   The text on each face (Face\_1\_Text, Face\_2\_Text, Face\_3\_Text)
    *   The number of pens to generate in one go (Pen\_Count).
    *   The overall pen height (Pen\_Height)
    *   The print orientation (Orientation)
    *   The text depth (Text\_Depth)
    *   The text font size (Text\_Font\_Size)
    *   The text font name (Text\_Font)
    *   The tolerance for the ink stick hole (Tolerance)
    *   The diameter of the ink stick tip (Ink\_Tip\_Diameter)
    *   The length of the ink stick tip (Ink\_Tip\_Length)
    *   The diameter of the ink stick (Ink\_Stick\_Diameter)
    *   The length of the ink stick (Ink\_Stick\_Length)

I imagine you could use the `linear_extrude` and `text` modules, as well as some `difference` operations to achieve the text and ink stick hole.

Could you generate a parametric OpenSCAD file, or files, that meet these requirements? I don't expect any additional .scad files from any libraries, since it seems pretty straightforward. Thanks!

[Assistant]
CustomizableTriangularPen.scad:
```
// Text for the first face of the triangular pen body
Face_1_Text = "FACE 1";
// Text for the second face of the triangular pen body
Face_2_Text = "FACE 2";
// Text for the third face of the triangular pen body
Face_3_Text = "FACE 3";
// Number of pens
Pen_Count = 1;
// Pen body height in millimeters (increase this if you are using long text)
Pen_Height = 100;
// Printing vertically is slower but good for high volume of pens with less warping.  Printing horizontally is faster and lets you change the filament colors mid print for high contrast on the face 1 text.
Orientation = "Horizontal"; // [Vertical:Vertical,Horizontal:Horizontal]
// Text depth in millimeters
Text_Depth = .5;
// Text font size
Text_Font_Size = 9;
// Text font name from https://www.google.com/fonts
Text_Font = "Rubik Mono One";
// Tolerance for Ink Stick Diameter and Ink Tip Diameter (increase this if the ink stick does not fit into the pen)
Tolerance = .7;
// Ink Tip Diameter (black plastic part behind the cone of the bic pen ink stick)
Ink_Tip_Diameter = 4 + Tolerance;
// Ink Tip Length (black plastic part behind the cone of the bic pen ink stick)
Ink_Tip_Length = 10;
// Ink Stick Diameter (transparent plastic tube part of the bic pen ink stick)
Ink_Stick_Diameter = 3 + Tolerance;
// Ink Stick Length (transparent plastic tube part of the bic pen ink stick)
Ink_Stick_Length = 121;

/* [Hidden] */
FaceWidth = 12;
P1x = 0;
P1y = 0;
P2x = FaceWidth;
P2y = 0;
P3x = (P2x - P1x)/2;
P3y = ((P2x - P1x) * sqrt(3)) / 2;
FaceDepth = P3y;
Cx = (P1x + P2x + P3x) / 3;
Cy = (P1y + P2y + P3y) / 3;
CircumferentialLength = .01;

for(x =[0:Pen_Count-1])
{

	if(Orientation == "Vertical") {
		//offset to keep all the odd numbered pens in line
		offset = x%2==0 ? 0 : 3.5;
		//space out the pens
		translate([x*(FaceWidth/2) + x,offset,0])
		//rotate so each face can be seen when previewing 5 or more
		rotate ([0,0,x*60])
		//make a pen
		PenBarrel();
	} else {
		//space out the pens
		translate([x*(FaceWidth) + x,0,Cy])
		//rotate so face 1 will be down for filament color change
		rotate ([90,0,0])
		//make a pen
		PenBarrel();
	}
}

module PenBarrel()
{
	//Make the triangular pen barrel then cut out the face text and the ink stick
	difference(){
		//Taper the triangular barrel with a cone at the tip
		intersection(){
			// Tip Cone
			translate([0,0, Pen_Height])
			rotate ([0,180,0])
			union(){
				cylinder(h = 20, d1 = Ink_Tip_Diameter, d2 = 40, $fs = CircumferentialLength );
				translate([0,0, 20])
				cylinder(h = Pen_Height, d = 40, $fs = CircumferentialLength);
			}
			//Triangular pen barrel
			linear_extrude(height = Pen_Height){
				//Triangle
				translate([-Cx,-Cy,0])
				polygon(points=[[P1x,P1y],[P2x,P2y],[P3x,P3y]]);
			}
		}
		union(){
			FaceTextExtrude(Face_1_Text);
			rotate ([0,0,-120]) {
				FaceTextExtrude(Face_2_Text);
			}
			rotate ([0,0,120]) {
				FaceTextExtrude(Face_3_Text);
			}
		}
		InkStick();
	}
}

module InkStick()
{
	//Ink stick
	translate([0,0,-.01])
	cylinder(h = Pen_Height + .02, d = Ink_Stick_Diameter, $fs = CircumferentialLength);
	//Ink tip
	translate([0,0,Pen_Height - Ink_Tip_Length + .001])
	cylinder(h = Ink_Tip_Length + .02, d = Ink_Tip_Diameter, $fs = CircumferentialLength);
}

module FaceTextExtrude(FaceText)
{
	translate([0,Text_Depth-Cy - .01,Pen_Height/2 - 2])
	rotate ([90,90,0])
	linear_extrude(height=Text_Depth + .01, convexity=4)
	text(str(FaceText),size=Text_Font_Size,font=Text_Font,valign="center", halign="center");
}

```


[User]
I'm looking to generate a combined maze and jigsaw puzzle from an image. I've seen some cool designs that do this, and I'd like to be able to customize the dimensions, complexity, and the image used.

Specifically, I need an OpenSCAD design that takes a 2D image (like a PNG) and generates a 3D model combining a jigsaw puzzle and a maze. The puzzle pieces should be arranged in a grid over the image, and the maze should be cut into the same base shape, at a lower level creating a negative space in the design. The puzzle's jigsaw interlocks should be fairly standard, with circles for the bumps and cutouts.

Here are the specific parameters I'd like to control:

*   **`filename`**:  The path to the image file (e.g., "my_image.png"). The image is expected to be square (100x100 pixels), but please rescale it to the desired width.
*   **`width`**: The overall width (and height, since it will be square) of the final 3D model.
*   **`puzzle_x_blocks`**: The number of jigsaw puzzle pieces horizontally (and vertically, since it is square). For example, 4 would mean 4x4 pieces.
*   **`maze_x_blocks`**: The number of blocks to use in the maze horizontally (and vertically). It will be a rectangular maze rather than jigsaw pieces.
*   **`ditch_width`**: The width of the walls in the maze.
*   **`spacing`**: A small spacing parameter used in the creation of the puzzle pieces - this can influence how tightly the jigsaw puzzle pieces fit.

The design should:

1.  **Load the image:** Rescale the image to the specified `width`, keeping the aspect ratio. Extrude it to create a base surface.
2.  **Create the puzzle pieces:** Generate jigsaw puzzle shapes in a grid based on `puzzle_x_blocks`. The jigsaw "bumps" and "cutouts" should use circles. Create the puzzle pieces over the base surface.
3.  **Generate a maze:** Create a random maze based on `maze_x_blocks`. This maze should form cut-out channels in the base. I think the "recursive backtracker" algorithm would give a good result for the maze generation. It needs to be cut out as a negative space from the base, with a specific `ditch_width`.

I need all this to be in a single parametric OpenSCAD file. I don't need any special libraries, just basic OpenSCAD functionality. Could you please generate the code for this design?

[Assistant]
ImageToMazePuzzle.scad:
```
// png: 100x100 pixels
filename = "";  // [image_surface:100x100]
width = 100;
puzzle_x_blocks = 4;
maze_x_blocks = 10;
ditch_width = 1;
spacing = 0.4;

/*
 * constants, for clearness
 *
 */

// random directions, for picking up a direction to visit the next block
function PERMUTATION_OF_FOUR() = [
    [1, 2, 3, 4],
    [1, 2, 4, 3],
    [1, 3, 2, 4],
    [1, 3, 4, 2],
    [1, 4, 2, 3],
    [1, 4, 3, 2],
    [2, 1, 3, 4],
    [2, 1, 4, 3],
    [2, 3, 1, 4],
    [2, 3, 4, 1],
    [2, 4, 1, 3],
    [2, 4, 3, 1],
    [3, 1, 2, 4],
    [3, 1, 4, 2],
    [3, 2, 1, 4],
    [3, 2, 4, 1],
    [3, 4, 1, 2],
    [3, 4, 2, 1],
    [4, 1, 2, 3],
    [4, 1, 3, 2],
    [4, 2, 1, 3],
    [4, 2, 3, 1],
    [4, 3, 1, 2],
    [4, 3, 2, 1]
];

function NO_WALL() = 0;
function UP_WALL() = 1;
function RIGHT_WALL() = 2;
function UP_RIGHT_WALL() = 3;

function NOT_VISITED() = 0;
function VISITED() = 1;

/*
 * modules for creating a maze
 *
 */

// give a [x, y] point and length. draw a line in the x direction
module x_line(point, length, thickness = 1) {
    offset = thickness / 2;
    translate([point[0] - offset, point[1] - offset, 0])
        square([length + thickness, thickness]);
}

// give a [x, y] point and length. draw a line in the y direction
module y_line(point, length, thickness = 1) {
    offset = thickness / 2;
    translate([point[0] - offset, point[1] - offset, 0])
        square([thickness, length + thickness]);
}

// create the outer wall of maze
module maze_outer_wall(rows, columns, block_width = 5, wall_thickness = 1) {
    x_line([0, rows * block_width], columns * block_width, wall_thickness);
    y_line([0, block_width], (rows - 1) * block_width, wall_thickness);
}

// create the inner wall of maze
module maze_inner_wall(maze, block_width = 5, wall_thickness = 1) {
    for(i = [0:len(maze) - 1]) {
        cord = maze[i];
        x = (cord[0] - 1) * block_width;
        y = (cord[1] - 1) * block_width;
        v = cord[3];

        if(v == 1 || v == 3) {
            x_line([x, y], block_width, wall_thickness);
        }
        if(v == 2 || v == 3) {
            y_line([x + block_width, y], block_width, wall_thickness);
        }
    }
}

// create a maze
module maze(rows, columns, maze_vector, block_width = 5, wall_thickness = 1) {
     maze_outer_wall(rows, columns, block_width, wall_thickness);
     maze_inner_wall(maze_vector, block_width, wall_thickness);
}

/*
 * utilities functions
 *
 */

// comare the equality of [x1, y1] and [x2, y2]
function cord_equals(cord1, cord2) = cord1 == cord2;

// is the point visited?
function not_visited(cord, vs, index = 0) =
    index == len(vs) ? true :
        (cord_equals([vs[index][0], vs[index][1]], cord) && vs[index][2] == 1 ? false :
            not_visited(cord, vs, index + 1));

// pick a direction randomly
function rand_dirs() =
    PERMUTATION_OF_FOUR()[round(rands(0, 24, 1)[0])];

// replace v1 in the vector with v2
function replace(v1, v2, vs) =
    [for(i = [0:len(vs) - 1]) vs[i] == v1 ? v2 : vs[i]];

/*
 * functions for generating a maze vector
 *
 */

// initialize a maze
function init_maze(rows, columns) =
    [
	    for(c = [1 : columns])
	        for(r = [1 : rows])
		        [c, r, 0,  UP_RIGHT_WALL()]
	];

// find a vector in the maze vector
function find(i, j, maze_vector, index = 0) =
    index == len(maze_vector) ? [] : (
        cord_equals([i, j], [maze_vector[index][0], maze_vector[index][1]]) ? maze_vector[index] : find(i, j, maze_vector, index + 1)
    );

////
// NO_WALL = 0;
// UP_WALL = 1;
// RIGHT_WALL = 2;
// UP_RIGHT_WALL = 3;
function delete_right_wall(original_block) =
    original_block == NO_WALL() || original_block == RIGHT_WALL() ? NO_WALL() : UP_WALL();

function delete_up_wall(original_block) =
    (original_block == NO_WALL() || original_block == UP_WALL()) ? NO_WALL() : RIGHT_WALL();

function delete_right_wall_of(vs, is_visited, maze_vector) =
    replace(vs, [vs[0], vs[1] , is_visited, delete_right_wall(vs[3])] ,maze_vector);

function delete_up_wall_of(vs, is_visited, maze_vector) =
    replace(vs, [vs[0], vs[1] , is_visited, delete_up_wall(vs[3])] ,maze_vector);

function go_right(i, j, rows, columns, maze_vector) =
    go_maze(i + 1, j, rows, columns, delete_right_wall_of(find(i, j, maze_vector), VISITED(), maze_vector));

function go_up(i, j, rows, columns, maze_vector) =
    go_maze(i, j - 1, rows, columns, delete_up_wall_of(find(i, j, maze_vector), VISITED(), maze_vector));

function visit(v, maze_vector) =
    replace(v, [v[0], v[1], VISITED(), v[3]], maze_vector);

function go_left(i, j, rows, columns, maze_vector) =
    go_maze(i - 1, j, rows, columns, delete_right_wall_of(find(i - 1, j, maze_vector), NOT_VISITED(), maze_vector));

function go_down(i, j, rows, columns, maze_vector) =
    go_maze(i, j + 1, rows, columns, delete_up_wall_of(find(i, j + 1, maze_vector), NOT_VISITED(), maze_vector));

function go_maze(i, j, rows, columns, maze_vector) =
    look_around(i, j, rand_dirs(), rows, columns, visit(find(i, j, maze_vector), maze_vector));

function look_around(i, j, dirs, rows, columns, maze_vector, index = 0) =
    index == 4 ? maze_vector :
        look_around(
            i, j, dirs,
            rows, columns,
            build_wall(i, j, dirs[index], rows, columns, maze_vector),
            index + 1
        );

function build_wall(i, j, n, rows, columns, maze_vector) =
    n == 1 && i != columns && not_visited([i + 1, j], maze_vector) ? go_right(i, j, rows, columns, maze_vector) : (
        n == 2 && j != 1 && not_visited([i, j - 1], maze_vector) ? go_up(i, j, rows, columns, maze_vector)  : (
            n == 3 && i != 1 && not_visited([i - 1, j], maze_vector) ? go_left(i, j,rows, columns,  maze_vector)  : (
                n == 4 && j != rows && not_visited([i, j + 1], maze_vector) ? go_down(i, j, rows, columns, maze_vector) : maze_vector
            )
        )
    );

// Puzzle

module puzzle_piece(side_length, spacing) {
	$fn = 48;

	circle_radius = side_length / 10;
	half_circle_radius = circle_radius / 2;
	side_length_div_4 = side_length / 4;
	bulge_circle_radius = circle_radius - spacing;

	difference() {
		square(side_length - spacing);

		// left
		translate([half_circle_radius, side_length_div_4, 0])
			circle(circle_radius);
		translate([half_circle_radius, side_length_div_4 * 3, 0])
			circle(circle_radius);

		// top
		translate([side_length_div_4, side_length - half_circle_radius, 0])
			circle(circle_radius);
		translate([side_length_div_4 * 3, side_length - half_circle_radius, 0])
			circle(circle_radius);
	}

	// right
	translate([side_length + half_circle_radius, side_length_div_4, 0])
		circle(bulge_circle_radius);
	translate([side_length + half_circle_radius, side_length_div_4 * 3, 0])
		circle(bulge_circle_radius);

	// bottom
	translate([side_length_div_4, -half_circle_radius, 0])
		circle(bulge_circle_radius);
	translate([side_length_div_4 * 3, -half_circle_radius, 0])
		circle(bulge_circle_radius);
}

module puzzle(xs, ys, piece_side_length, spacing) {
    $fn = 48;
	circle_radius = piece_side_length / 10;
	half_circle_radius = circle_radius / 2;
	side_length_div_4 = piece_side_length / 4;

	intersection() {
		union() for(x = [0 : xs - 1]) {
			for(y = [0 : ys - 1]) {
				translate([piece_side_length * x, piece_side_length * y, 0])
					puzzle_piece(piece_side_length, spacing);

				if(x == 0) {
					// left
					translate([half_circle_radius, side_length_div_4 + piece_side_length * y, 0])
						circle(circle_radius);
					translate([half_circle_radius, side_length_div_4 * 3 + piece_side_length * y, 0])
						circle(circle_radius);
				}
				if(y == ys - 1) {
					// top
					translate([side_length_div_4 + piece_side_length * x, piece_side_length * (y + 1) - half_circle_radius, 0])
						circle(circle_radius);
					translate([side_length_div_4 * 3 + piece_side_length * x, piece_side_length * (y + 1) - half_circle_radius, 0])
						circle(circle_radius);
				}
			}
		}

		square([piece_side_length * xs - spacing, piece_side_length * ys - spacing]);
	}
}

module image_to_surface(filename, width) {
    $fn = 48;
    origin_width = 100;
	half_origin_width = 50;
	scale_factor = width / origin_width;

	scale([scale_factor, scale_factor, 1])  union() {
		color("white") intersection() {
		   linear_extrude(4) square(origin_width);
		   scale([1, 1, 10]) surface(file = filename);
		}

		color("black") linear_extrude(2) square(origin_width);
	}
}

module image_to_maze_puzzle(filename, width, puzzle_x_blocks, maze_x_blocks, ditch_width, spacing) {
    wall_height = 8;

	piece_side_length = width / puzzle_x_blocks;
	puzzle_y_blocks = puzzle_x_blocks;
	maze_y_blocks = maze_x_blocks;
	block_width = width / maze_x_blocks;

	maze_vector = go_maze(1, 1, maze_y_blocks, maze_x_blocks,
	    replace([maze_x_blocks, maze_y_blocks, 0, UP_RIGHT_WALL()],
		        [maze_x_blocks, maze_y_blocks, 0, UP_WALL()],
				init_maze(maze_y_blocks, maze_x_blocks))
	);

	difference() {
		intersection() {
			image_to_surface(filename, width);
			linear_extrude(15)
				 puzzle(puzzle_x_blocks, puzzle_y_blocks, piece_side_length, spacing);
		}

		// maze
		translate([0, 0, ditch_width])
			linear_extrude(wall_height)
				maze(maze_y_blocks, maze_x_blocks, maze_vector, block_width, ditch_width);
	}
}

image_to_maze_puzzle(filename, width, puzzle_x_blocks, maze_x_blocks, ditch_width, spacing);

```