[User]
Hey, I'm looking to create a custom backpack mount for my action camera, specifically a Xiaomi YI with the standard GoPro-style clip. I've seen a design that’s close to what I want, and I've got the basic measurements and ideas.

Essentially, I need a base plate that slides under the webbing on my backpack's shoulder strap. The base needs to be customizable in length, width, and height. It also needs a channel for the strap to sit in, and the width and depth of that channel should be configurable as well. There should be slopes leading into the strap channel to better accommodate the strap.

Then, the design should include a clip mechanism. This clip should be based on a remixed version of Ivanlings' flat clip design, which I've linked below, and which should attach to the base plate. It consists of two mirrored sides of a clip that will grip the gopro clip. I've also attached the relevant section of my existing code which should help give you an idea of how the clip is built.

I'd like the whole thing to be parametric so I can adjust it to fit different bags and straps. I’d prefer the code to use Minkowski sums to make the base nicely rounded, and include all the necessary code to generate the mount. It should be designed using OpenSCAD.

Here's the critical parameter information:

*   **Base Plate:**
    *   `baseLength`: Total length of the base plate.
    *   `baseWidth`: Total width of the base plate.
    *   `baseHeight`: Total height/thickness of the base plate.
*   **Strap Channel:**
    *   `strapChannelWidth`: Width of the channel where the backpack strap sits.
    *   `strapChannelDepth`: Depth of the strap channel.

And for reference, here's the link to Ivanlings' clip: [http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:331003](http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:331003)

And here is a section of my existing code that pertains to the clip portion:
```
// ---------- clip ----------

union () {
    translate([0,14.50,(baseHeight/2)+4.5])
    linear_extrude(2)
        polygon([[-12.799999,-0.239987],[-9.650000,-3.089988],[9.650002,-3.089988],[12.799999,-0.239987],[11.748001,3.389988],[-11.752001,3.389988]]);

    translate([0,14.50,0])
    linear_extrude((baseHeight/2)+6.5)
        polygon([[-12.799999,-0.239987],[12.799999,-0.239987],[11.748001,3.389988],[-11.752001,3.389988]]);

    translate([-11.75,17.8,6.5])
    rotate([0,90,0])
    linear_extrude(23.5)
        polygon([[-(baseHeight/2),0],[6.5,0],[6.5,(baseWidth/2)-17.9]]);
}

mirror([0,1,0])
union () {
    translate([0,14.50,(baseHeight/2)+4.5])
    linear_extrude(2)
        polygon([[-12.799999,-0.239987],[-9.650000,-3.089988],[9.650002,-3.089988],[12.799999,-0.239987],[11.748001,3.389988],[-11.752001,3.389988]]);

    translate([0,14.50,0])
    linear_extrude((baseHeight/2)+6.5)
        polygon([[-12.799999,-0.239987],[12.799999,-0.239987],[11.748001,3.389988],[-11.752001,3.389988]]);

    translate([-11.75,17.8,6.5])
    rotate([0,90,0])
    linear_extrude(23.5)
        polygon([[-(baseHeight/2),0],[6.5,0],[6.5,(baseWidth/2)-17.9]]);
}
```
Thanks!

[Assistant]
simpleActionCamBackpackMount.scad:
```
// ---------- variables ----------

baseLength = 60;
baseWidth = 44;
baseHeight = 4.5;

strapChannelWidth = 21;
strapChannelDepth = 1.5;

// ---------- base ----------

difference () {
    $fn=60;
    minkowski()
    {
        sphere(d=baseHeight/2, $fn=60);
        cube([baseLength-baseHeight/2,baseWidth-baseHeight/2,baseHeight/2], center=true);
    }

    // the strapChannel itself
    translate([0,0,(baseHeight-strapChannelDepth)/2])
        cube([baseLength,strapChannelWidth,strapChannelDepth], center=true);

    // strap slopes
    translate([0,-(strapChannelWidth/2),baseHeight/2-strapChannelDepth])
    rotate([-90,0,0])
    linear_extrude(strapChannelWidth)
        polygon([[13,0],[13,-strapChannelDepth],[baseLength/2,-strapChannelDepth],[baseLength/2,(baseHeight-strapChannelDepth)/2]]);

    translate([0,(strapChannelWidth/2),(baseHeight/2)-strapChannelDepth])
    rotate([-90,0,180])
    linear_extrude(strapChannelWidth)
        polygon([[13,0],[13,-strapChannelDepth],[baseLength/2,-strapChannelDepth],[baseLength/2,(baseHeight-strapChannelDepth)/2]]);
}

// ---------- clip ----------

union () {
    translate([0,14.50,(baseHeight/2)+4.5])
    linear_extrude(2)
        polygon([[-12.799999,-0.239987],[-9.650000,-3.089988],[9.650002,-3.089988],[12.799999,-0.239987],[11.748001,3.389988],[-11.752001,3.389988]]);

    translate([0,14.50,0])
    linear_extrude((baseHeight/2)+6.5)
        polygon([[-12.799999,-0.239987],[12.799999,-0.239987],[11.748001,3.389988],[-11.752001,3.389988]]);

    translate([-11.75,17.8,6.5])
    rotate([0,90,0])
    linear_extrude(23.5)
        polygon([[-(baseHeight/2),0],[6.5,0],[6.5,(baseWidth/2)-17.9]]);
}

mirror([0,1,0])
union () {
    translate([0,14.50,(baseHeight/2)+4.5])
    linear_extrude(2)
        polygon([[-12.799999,-0.239987],[-9.650000,-3.089988],[9.650002,-3.089988],[12.799999,-0.239987],[11.748001,3.389988],[-11.752001,3.389988]]);

    translate([0,14.50,0])
    linear_extrude((baseHeight/2)+6.5)
        polygon([[-12.799999,-0.239987],[12.799999,-0.239987],[11.748001,3.389988],[-11.752001,3.389988]]);

    translate([-11.75,17.8,6.5])
    rotate([0,90,0])
    linear_extrude(23.5)
        polygon([[-(baseHeight/2),0],[6.5,0],[6.5,(baseWidth/2)-17.9]]);
}
```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to get an OpenSCAD design for a lightsaber blade plug. I've seen some designs out there, but I want to be able to customize it more easily.

Basically, it needs to be a cylindrical plug, 25.4 mm in diameter (that's 1 inch), and I'd like to be able to set the height/thickness of the plug. Let's say 50 mm as a starting point. I also need the option to make it hollow, but with a thin layer to block dust.

I'd like some options for the middle part, too. I think it would be cool to have options for: a simple hollowed-out shape, a solid core, a shape generated by the Font Awesome library, and even maybe an imported STL.

For the Font Awesome option, I'd like to be able to specify the icon, the font, its size, and whether to make the icon a positive or negative space in the design. I need to be able to control how many sides to use to generate the shape, and the thickness of the wall if it's thin.

It also needs to have a little flair at the base, so it looks a bit cooler when it's inserted. I need to be able to control the depth and Z-offset of the flair. I would like to be able to generate multiple of these at the same time with a specified number, so it is easy to print multiple at once. It would be cool if this was parametric.

I think that covers most of the options, but I am open to other ideas. I don't need any external libraries or extra files other than the one that contains the code.

[Assistant]
lightsaber_plug.scad:
```
/*
http://fontawesome.io/cheatsheet/

Adapted from Plugs with openscad by benengel on Thingiverse
http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:1722423
*/
/* [Basics] */
thickness						= 50; // Height in mm
diameter						= 25.4; // Diameter of the blade plug (25.4 mm = 1 in)
hollow							= true; // [true,false]
number						= 1; // How many plugs do you want?
resolution						= 100;
/* [Fun shapes] */
inside_size	= 11; //Adjust inside_size if you change the diameter
sides			= 100; // [3:100]
wall_thickeness	= .8; // normally the tip size of the printer
/* options for the middle section, not all work on thingiverse
//thin_wall
//solid
//shape
//icon
//stl
*/
//do you want a shape? or do you want to be solid? or thin wall
middle			= "icon"; //[First:solid,second:shape,third:thin_wall]
/* [Flair] */
flair_depth	= 0;
flair_offset_z	= 0; // you might need to change this if the flair looks weird when changing the thickness

/*things that don't work on thingiverse*/
// ignore variable values
		icon					= ""; //Rebel icon. To change copy and paste icon from http://fontawesome.io/cheatsheet/
		inverse			=	false;
		bottom_layer	= true;
//		stl_location	= "/Users/benjamin/Desktop/projects/university of utah logo/logo.stl";
//		stl_scale			= [1.75,1.75,5];
		font					= "fontawesome";
		icon_size						= 14;
		bottom_layer_height			= 1;
//module
module icon(){
	translate([0,0,-thickness]) linear_extrude(height = thickness*2) {
		text(icon, font = font, size=icon_size, halign="center", valign="center", $fn=resolution);
	}
}

module sides(){
		cylinder(h=thickness, d=inside_size, $fn=sides, center=true);
}

module base(){
	difference(){
		cylinder(d=diameter+flair_depth       , h=thickness, center=true, $fn=resolution);
		scale([1,1,flair_offset_z]) rotate_extrude($fn=resolution){
			translate([diameter/2+thickness/2,0,0]) rotate([0,0,0]) circle(d=thickness);
		}
	}
}

//function

module finished(){
	difference(){
		base();
		if (middle == "shape")
		{
			sides();
		} else if(middle == "thin_wall") {
			scale([wall_thickeness,wall_thickeness,1]) base();
		} else if(middle == "icon") {
			if (inverse == true){
				inverse();
			} else {
				icon();
			}
		} else if(middle == "stl") {
				scale(stl_scale) import(stl_location);
		} else {
			// nothing
			}
	}
		if (bottom_layer == true){
			cylinder(r=inside_size, h=bottom_layer_height, $fn=resolution, center=true);
		}
}

for ( number = [0 : number-1] ) {
	translate([number*(diameter+flair_depth+3),0,0]) finished();
}

module inverse(){
	if(inverse == true){
		difference(){
			hull(){
				icon();
			}
			icon();
		}
	}
}
```


[User]
I'd like to design a personalized bubble wand, and I'd like the design to be parametric in OpenSCAD.

The basic structure is a ring with a handle. The ring should have a customizable diameter, height, and thickness. There should also be small notches around the ring to help catch the bubble solution. These notches need to have adjustable length, thickness, placement (how far from the edge of the ring), height (how far they stick out), and count.

The handle needs a length and thickness parameter. I also want to be able to add text to the handle - ideally my name. I'd need to customize the text string, font, font size, and how far the extruded text sticks out from the handle itself.  I think I also need the ability to control an additional extrusion of text to make a 3d version. It should use the standard `text()` function but also a `hull()` function to allow for the rounded and connected version for 3D printing.

I would appreciate it if it could be set up to use the "Liberation Sans" font as a default option, but also allow for several other fonts for customization. Specifically, could you also include options for "Gloria Hallelujah", "Pacifico", "Courgette", "Permanent Marker", "Domine:Domine bold", "Ultra", "Bevan", "Corben:Corben bold", and "Coustard:Coustard bold"?

Finally, the handle should have a rounded end with the same thickness as the handle.

I'm envisioning a single `.scad` file for this.

[Assistant]
bubblewand_customizer.scad:
```
  //Ring Diameter
  diameter=60;
  //Ring Height
  height=5;
  //Ring Thickness
  ring_thickness=5;

  //Notch Length
  notch_length=3;
  //Notch Thickness
  notch_thickness=1;
  //Notch Placement
  notch_placement=4;
  //Notch Height
  notch_height=0;
  //Notch Count
  notch_count=70;

  //Handle Length
  length=120;
  //Handle Thickness
  thickness=5;

  //Handle Name
  handleName = "Your name here";

  //Handle Fot Size
  handleNameFontSize = 9;

    //Handle Name Height
  handleNameHeight = 1;

  //Handle Name Font
  handleNameFont = "Liberation Sans"; // [Liberation Sans, Gloria Hallelujah, Pacifico, Courgette, Permanent Marker, Domine:Domine bold, Ultra, Bevan, Corben:Corben bold, Coustard:Coustard bold]

union(){
  difference(){
    cylinder(d=diameter,h=height, center=true,$fn=180);
    cylinder(d=diameter-ring_thickness,h=height*5, center=true,$fn=180);
  }
  for(i = [0:notch_count]){
    rotate(360/notch_count*i){
      translate([diameter/2-notch_placement,0,0]){
        cube([notch_length,notch_thickness,height+notch_height], center=true);
      }
    }
  }
  translate([(diameter/2)+(length/2)-(ring_thickness/2),0,0]){
    cube([length,thickness,thickness],center=true);
  }
  translate([(diameter/2)+(length/2)-(ring_thickness/2),0,-(thickness/2)]){
    linear_extrude(height = (thickness+handleNameHeight)) {
      text(handleName, size=handleNameFontSize, valign = "center", halign = "center", font=handleNameFont);
    }
  }
  translate([(diameter/2)+(length/2)-(ring_thickness/2),0,-(thickness/2)]){
    hull() {
        linear_extrude(height = (thickness/2)) {
          offset(r = 1) {
            text(handleName, size=handleNameFontSize, valign = "center", halign = "center", font=handleNameFont);
          }
        }
    }
  }
  translate([(diameter/2)+(length)-(thickness/2),0,0]){
    cylinder(d=thickness,h=thickness, center=true,$fn=180);
  }
}

```


[User]
I'd like to create a 3D printable tile that has a random, uneven surface, kind of like a little landscape. I'm thinking of a grid of squares, each with a different height.

Specifically, I want to be able to control:

*   The base height of all the squares.
*   The maximum height variation from that base height.
*   The number of rows and columns in the grid.
*   The spacing between the squares in the grid.
*   I need the capability to randomize the pattern on each print, so I expect some seed parameter or method to force a new pattern on each print.

I'm thinking something like:

*   `base_height`:  The minimum height of every square.
*   `random_height`:  The maximum amount a square can rise above the base height.
*   `num_rows`:  Number of rows in the grid.
*   `num_cols`:  Number of columns in the grid.
*   `step_size`:  The size of the squares and the space between them.
*   `rand_seed`: Some string that controls the random numbers.

Could you write the OpenSCAD code for this? It would be nice if there were a small amount of extra space between each cube, maybe 0.01 units, so there isn't any chance of them fusing together on the sides. I don't need any special libraries or anything, just the core OpenSCAD functionality should be enough. I'd like the output in a single file.

[Assistant]
random_matrix.scad:
```
// Generate a matrix with random heights.

base_height = 2;
random_height = 5;
num_rows = 10;
num_cols = 10;
step_size = 2;

min_height = base_height;
max_height = base_height + random_height;

// Hack alert:
// The seed param of rands doesn't see to work so using this
// arbitrary string that invalidates the cache of thingiverse's
// customizer and randomize the model.

// Type here arbitrary text to randomize the model.
rand_seed = "";

eps1 = 0.01 + 0;

module row() {
 for(col = [0 : num_cols-1]) {
    z = rands(min_height, max_height, 1)[0];
    translate([0, col*step_size, 0]) cube([step_size+eps1,step_size+eps1,z]);
  }
}

for(row = [0 : num_rows-1]) {
     translate([row*step_size, 0, 0]) row();

}

```


[User]
I need a set of OpenSCAD files to create a parametric fan-to-pipe adapter. Basically, I want to be able to attach a square computer fan to a round pipe. Here’s what I’m envisioning:

The main piece is a connector that has a square opening on one end for the fan and a round opening on the other end for the pipe. I need to be able to adjust the dimensions of both the fan opening and the pipe opening parametrically. I will be 3D printing this part.

The fan side will have four screw holes arranged in a square pattern, along with optional hexagonal nut cavities for M3 screws. The distance between the screw holes needs to be adjustable, and I need to control both the screw hole diameter and the nut cavity diameter. It’s important to specify the wall thickness so that the 3D print is sturdy enough but doesn't use too much material. The wall thickness should be a variable as well. The main part should be able to have its length adjusted through a `tubeheight` variable. The nut cavities should only extend to a set depth.

The variables I would like to be able to specify include:
*   `tubeheight`: The overall height/length of the connector.
*   `largestpipe`: The diameter of the pipe opening.
*   `fansize`: The size of the square fan.
*   `mountingholes`: The distance between the screw holes (center to center)
*   `nutsize`:  The diameter of the hexagon nut cavity
*  `screwdiam`: The screw hole diameter.
*   `wallthickness`: The wall thickness.
* `facerez`: the number of faces for cylindrical objects

I'd like to ensure that the number of faces for cylinders are adjustable via the `facerez` variable and would like for all cylinders to have it as their $fn. Additionally, I’d like a small parameter that prevents z-fighting when previewing. I'm using OpenSCAD so, of course, this all needs to be in .scad files.

[Assistant]
40mm.scad:
```
// preview[view:north east, tilt:top]

// how tall to make the piece. mm.
tubeheight= 40; // [10:200]
// diameter of the largest pipe mounth
largestpipe = 56; // [10:100]
// fan size in mm
fansize = 41.5; // [10:200]
// distance from mounting holes centers. mm
mountingholes = 32; //[8:195]
// distance from each of the hexagon sides. mm (0 to disable and screw in directly on the plastic)
nutsize = 6.3;
// diameter of the screw. mm
screwdiam = 3.5;
// thinest wall printable. 2mm is sturdy enough
wallthickness=2;

// value used on $fn (i.e. how many faces to use on cylinders sides)
facerez = 20;

// advanced: how much to overshoot difference()s so that the preview doesn't show
// mangled faces if the subtracted faces matches while previewing in openSCAD.
clearpreview = 1;

module fan(size,tall){
	difference(){
		// + body
		cube([size,size,tall], true);
		// + holes
		// - blades
		translate([0,0,-tall])
			cylinder(h=tall*2, r=size*0.45);
		// - screws
		// TODO: screw holes
	}
}
module pipe(diam){
	difference(){
		circle(r=diam/2);
		circle(r=diam/2-wallthickness);
	}
}

module conector(fansize,pipe,tall){
	difference()
	{
		union()
		{
			translate([-(fansize+wallthickness)/2,-(fansize+wallthickness)/2,tall-5])
				cube([fansize+wallthickness,fansize+wallthickness,5]);
			hull()
			{
				color("green") translate([0,0,tall-5] ) cube([fansize+wallthickness,fansize+wallthickness,1],true);
				color("red")   translate([0,0,0] ) cylinder(1,(pipe/2)+wallthickness, $fn=facerez);
			}
		}
		union()
		{
			translate([-fansize/2,-fansize/2,tall-5])
				cube([fansize,fansize,5+clearpreview]);
			color("blue") hull()
			{
				color("darkgreen") translate([0,0,tall-5] ) cylinder(1,(fansize-2)/2,$fn=facerez);
				color("darkred") translate([0,0,-1] ) cylinder(1,pipe/2,$fn=facerez);
			}
			// nut holder
			translate([0,0,wallthickness]){
			translate([mountingholes/2,  -mountingholes/2,0]) cylinder(d=nutsize,h=tall-5-(2*wallthickness), $fn=6); // hexagon nut holder
			translate([mountingholes/2,  mountingholes/2, 0]) cylinder(d=nutsize,h=tall-5-(2*wallthickness), $fn=6);
			translate([-mountingholes/2, -mountingholes/2,0]) cylinder(d=nutsize,h=tall-5-(2*wallthickness), $fn=6);
			translate([-mountingholes/2, mountingholes/2, 0]) cylinder(d=nutsize,h=tall-5-(2*wallthickness), $fn=6);
			// screw hole
			translate([mountingholes/2,  -mountingholes/2,0]) cylinder(d=screwdiam,h=tall, $fn=facerez);
			translate([mountingholes/2,  mountingholes/2, 0]) cylinder(d=screwdiam,h=tall, $fn=facerez);
			translate([-mountingholes/2, -mountingholes/2,0]) cylinder(d=screwdiam,h=tall, $fn=facerez);
			translate([-mountingholes/2, mountingholes/2, 0]) cylinder(d=screwdiam,h=tall, $fn=facerez);
			}
		}
	}
}
module batteryholder(){ // AA = 50lenght, 14 radius
	union(){
		rotate([0,90]) cylinder(h=50, r=14, center=true);
		translate([0,7,0]) cube([50,14,28], center=true);
	}

}

//pipe(largestpipe);
//color("red") translate([0,0,40]) fan(fansize,1);

conector(fansize,largestpipe,tubeheight);

/* translate([-largestpipe-5, 0,0])
difference()
{
	conector(fansize,largestpipe, 50 );
	translate([-50,0,-10]) cube([100,100,100]);
}

/*
   mirror([0,0,0]){
   translate([0,-fansize+7,50-14])
   color("purple") batteryholder();
   }
   mirror([0,1,0]){
   translate([0,-fansize+7,50-14])
   color("purple") batteryholder();
   }
/* */

```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to create a 3D model of the Rammstein logo using OpenSCAD, but I want it to be highly customizable. I've attached a previous attempt, but I want to make it much better this time.

Here’s a breakdown of what I need:

**Core Design:** The logo consists of two mirrored, ladder-like shapes with an "R" shape connecting them in the middle. These shapes should be parametric in terms of their size.

**Base Parameters:**

*   **`scale`:** A global scaling factor for the entire logo, expressed in units of cm (e.g., `scale = 2` would make a design 4cm in size based on a 2cm default).
*   **`width`:** The width of the individual bars of the logo.
*   **`base`:** The length of the base segment of the logo.
*   **`rShift`**: The displacement of the R character's central component relative to the center of the overall logo.

**"R" Shape Parameters:**

*   The "R" consists of a series of cubes and angled shapes. The "R" should be positioned in the center, and its proportions should scale with the `base` and `width` parameters. I would like to retain the relative sizing of the `rShift` in relation to other sizing parameters.

**Plate Parameters (Optional):**

*   **`plate`:** A boolean flag (1 or 0) to include a base plate. If `plate` is enabled, all the following `plate` parameters should be used.
*   **`plateWidth`**: The thickness of the base plate.
*   **`plateAddLength`**: The additional length added to the plate on each side of the logo.
*   **`plateRoundCorners`:** Boolean flag (1 or 0) to indicate if the plate should have rounded corners.
*   **`plateRadius`**: The radius for the rounded corners of the plate.
*   **`plateHoleX`**: The X-coordinate for an optional hole in the plate.
*   **`plateHoleY`**: The Y-coordinate for the hole in the plate.
*   **`plateHoleRadius`**: The radius of the hole in the plate.

**General Requirements:**

*   The design should be entirely parametric and customizable by adjusting the parameters.
*   I want to be able to easily toggle the plate on and off. If it is enabled, the design should be centered on the plate, and the hole should be properly created.
*   I'd like it if the plate could have the option for rounded corners.
*   I don't need any external libraries for this. Please generate all the necessary code directly.

Please provide the OpenSCAD code that implements this design. Thanks!

[Assistant]
Rammstein.scad:
```
// Scale-factor for the Logo. (1 = 2cm) (Does not scale the plate-parameters.)
scale = 2;

// Be carefull: without a plate you get loose parts! (leave this 1)
plate = 1; // [1,0]

// Width of the plate (mm)
plateWidth = 1;

// Add (mm) to the plate on each side
plateAddLength = 1;

// 1 = the plate has round corners, 0 = the plate has NO round corners
plateRoundCorners = 1; // [1,0]

// radius for the round corners (mm)
plateRadius = 1;

// XPos for hole (mm)
plateHoleX = 3.5;

// YPos for hole (mm)
plateHoleY = 15;

// mm
plateHoleRadius = 2;

// Hidden
internalScale=0.01*1;
internalPlateWidth = plateWidth / internalScale / scale;
internalplateAddLength = plateAddLength / internalScale / scale;
internalPlateRadius = plateRadius / internalScale / scale;
internalPlateHoleX = plateHoleX / internalScale / scale;
internalPlateHoleY = plateHoleY / internalScale / scale;
internalPlateHoleRadius = plateHoleRadius / internalScale / scale;

width = 105*1;

base = 473*1;
biggerBase = base+width;
smallerBase = base-width;

rBase = biggerBase*1;

rShift = 121*1;

scale(scale*internalScale, scale*internalScale, scale*internalScale)
    rammstein();

module rammstein() {

    half();
    translate([0,-width,0])
        mirror([0,1,0])
            half();

    r();
    plate();
}

module plate() {
    length = base * 4 + width + internalplateAddLength*2 - (internalPlateRadius * 2 * plateRoundCorners);

    if (plate) {
        difference() {

            translate([-internalplateAddLength + (plateRoundCorners * internalPlateRadius),-length / 2 - width / 2,-internalPlateWidth]) {
                minkowski() {
                    cube([length,length,internalPlateWidth]);
                    if (plateRoundCorners) {
                        cylinder(r=internalPlateRadius);
                    }

                };

            }
            translate([internalPlateHoleX, internalPlateHoleY])
                cylinder(h=internalPlateWidth*3, r=internalPlateHoleRadius, center=true);
        }
    }
}

module r() {
    // top
    translate([biggerBase-width,base,0])
        rotate([0,0,-90]) cube([width,biggerBase+width*0.5,width]);

    // left \
    difference() {

        translate([biggerBase + rShift,-biggerBase,0])
            rotate(20,0,0)cube([width,rBase,width]);

        translate([base,width * 0.5 ,-1])
                rotate([0,0,-90]) cube([width,width*2,width+2]);
    };

    // right \
    difference() {

        translate([base * 2 + width*0.5,-width,0])
            rotate(20,0,0)translate([0,-biggerBase,0]) cube([width,biggerBase,width]);

        translate([biggerBase + rShift+ base / 2,-base-width,-1])
                rotate([0,0,-90]) cube([width,biggerBase,width+2]);
    };

    // left
    translate([base,-biggerBase,0])
            cube([width,base+width*0.5,width]);

    //bottom
    translate([biggerBase + rShift,-base,0])
            rotate([0,0,-90]) cube([width,biggerBase-width,width]);

    // right
    translate([biggerBase*2-width*0.5-width,-width,0])
            cube([width,biggerBase,width]);
}

module half() {
    cube([width,base,width]);

    translate([0,base,0])
        rotate([0,0,-90]) cube([width,biggerBase,width]);

    translate([base,biggerBase,0])
        cube([width,smallerBase,width]);

    translate([base,base*2,0])
        rotate([0,0,-90]) cube([width,base,width]);

    translate([base*2+width,base*2,0])
        rotate([0,0,-90]) cube([width,base,width]);

    translate([base*3,smallerBase,0])
        cube([width,biggerBase,width]);

    translate([base*3,base,0])
        rotate([0,0,-90]) cube([width,biggerBase,width]);

    translate([base*4,0,0])
        cube([width,base,width]);

    translate([base*4,-biggerBase,0])
        cube([width,base,width]);

}
```


[User]
I'm looking to design a customizable wall hook with multiple arms. I'd like to be able to specify the number of hooks, the overall radius of the base circle, the width and thickness of the base, the hook length and angle, and also a few parameters for mounting. I've got a rough idea of how I'd like to construct this and some specific numbers for my design.

Specifically, I need:

*   **Base:** The base should be formed by connecting a series of circles with a specific `width`, where the circles are evenly spaced around a central point at a radius specified by `radius`. Essentially, you'd hull adjacent circles, then extrude it to the specified thickness.
*   **Hooks:** Each hook should be attached at the location of each of those base circles. They should be angled upwards from the base by an angle specified by `hookAngle`. The hooks themselves should have a support extending back toward the base and a longer main arm. Both the support and the main arm should blend smoothly into the base as a hook. The hook should be constructed using a hull of spheres with a diameter equal to the `thickness`, as this produces nice smooth corners. I have included a `supportRatio` value that should specify the relative length of the hook support as a fraction of `width`.
*   **Mounting Holes:**  I need at least one mounting hole going through the center of the base. For an even number of hooks, I'd like two holes, positioned symmetrically across the center. The holes should be countersunk and specified by a diameter and an angle. The holes should pass completely through the base of the model.

Here are the parameters I want to control:

*   `radius`: The distance from the center of the base to the center of each hook attachment point.
*   `numberOfHooks`: The number of hooks.
*   `width`: The diameter of the circles that form the base.
*   `thickness`: The thickness of the base and the diameter of the spheres used for the hook construction.
*   `hookLength`: The length of the main arm of the hook.
*   `hookAngle`: The angle in degrees that the hook extends from the base.
*   `supportRatio`: The relative size of the support arm of the hook as a fraction of `width`.
*   `nailHoleDiameter`: The diameter of the mounting hole.
*  `nailHoleAngle`: The countersunk angle of the mounting hole.

I think the best way to do this might be to define a separate module for the base, hooks, and mounting holes, and then combine them in the main module. That's how I structured my design in the past and it makes it easier to reason about each component. It would also be nice to have a `nudge` variable defined to allow for slight overlap of the hook and base, as in my previous attempts. Finally, I think it might be good to render the hooks separately from the base and nail holes using the `render(convexity=2)` modifier.

Could you generate an OpenSCAD file that implements this parametric design? I don't think I need any libraries for this.

[Assistant]
multihook.scad:
```
radius = 20;
numberOfHooks = 3;
width = 11;
thickness = 3.25;
hookLength = 22;
hookAngle = 75;
supportRatio = 0.6;
nailHoleDiameter = 2.2;
nailHoleAngle = 70;

module dummy() {}

$fn = 12;

innerRadius = radius * cos(180/numberOfHooks);

nudge = 0.01;

points = [for (i=[0:numberOfHooks-1]) let(a=270+i*360/numberOfHooks) radius*[cos(a),sin(a)]];

module base()
{
    linear_extrude(height=thickness)
    for (i=[0:numberOfHooks-1]) {
        hull() {
            translate(points[i]) circle(d=width);
            translate(points[(i+1)%numberOfHooks]) circle(d=width);
        }
    }
}

module hook()
{
    rotate([0,0,180])
    rotate([90-hookAngle,0,0])
    translate([-width/2,0,thickness/2])
    rotate([0,0,180])
    rotate([0,-90,0]) {
        hull() {
            translate([-width,-width*supportRatio,width/2])
            sphere(d=thickness);
            translate([hookLength,0,width/2]) sphere(d=thickness);
            translate([0,0,width/2]) sphere(d=thickness);
        }

        hull() {
            translate([0,0,thickness/2]) sphere(d=thickness);
            translate([0,0,width-thickness/2]) sphere(d=thickness);
            translate([hookLength,0,thickness/2]) sphere(d=thickness);
            translate([hookLength,0,width-thickness/2]) sphere(d=thickness);
        }
    }
}

module hooks() {
    render(convexity=2)
    intersection() {
        union() {
            for (i=[0:numberOfHooks-1]) translate(points[i]) hook();
        }
        translate([0,0,thickness-nudge])
        cylinder(r=10*radius,h=thickness+hookLength, $fn=4);
    }
}

module nailHole() {
    rotate([nailHoleAngle-90,0,0])
    translate([0,0,-thickness*5]) cylinder(h=thickness*10,d=nailHoleDiameter);
}

hooks();
render(convexity=2)
difference() {
    base();
    if (numberOfHooks % 2 == 1) {
        translate([0,innerRadius,0]) nailHole();
    }
    else {
        translate(innerRadius*[cos(90+180/numberOfHooks),sin(90+180/numberOfHooks)]) nailHole();
        translate(innerRadius*[-cos(90+180/numberOfHooks),sin(90+180/numberOfHooks)]) nailHole();
    }
}

```


[User]
I need an OpenSCAD design for a customizable IMU calibration box. It should be a simple, open-topped box designed to hold an inertial measurement unit (IMU) securely during a six-point calibration process.

The key parameters need to be the width, depth, and height of the IMU itself. I want to be able to specify those dimensions when generating the box. The inside dimensions of the box should snugly fit the IMU, and I'd like a small bit of clearance around it.

Specifically, the design should:

1.  Create a basic rectangular box.
2.  Have internal dimensions matching the provided IMU width, depth, and height, with a small amount of clearance (e.g., 0.1 or 0.2mm on each side).
3.  The box should be open on the top.
4.  It should be parametric, meaning I can change the IMU dimensions (width, depth, height) as parameters, and the box will automatically adjust to the new dimensions.

I'd prefer if the walls are relatively thin so it doesn't use much plastic. Maybe 1.5mm thick?

I also need to be able to specify the wall thickness as a parameter if possible.

I don't need any fancy features, just a simple, functional box. I'm assuming a single file should be sufficient. I don't need any libraries at this time.

[Assistant]
IMUCalibrationBox.scad:
```
// ****************************************************************************
// Your Gimbal - simple Customizable IMU Calibration cube
// Author: Peter Holzwarth
// ****************************************************************************
// https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/OpenSCAD_User_Manual/The_OpenSCAD_Language

// Width of your IMU
w= 22; // [10:30]

// Depth of your IMU
d= 14; // [10:20]

// Height of your IMU
h= 4; // [3:15]

IMUCalibrationBox(w, d, h);

module IMUCalibrationBox(w, d, h) {
    difference() {
        cube([w+6,d+6,h+6]);
        translate([-0.01,3,3]) cube([w+3,d,h+3.01]);
    }
}

```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to design a shelf bracket, and I'm having a bit of trouble getting started. I've got a rough idea of what I want, but I need it to be parametric so I can adjust it for different shelf depths.

Essentially, it's a bracket that has two main parts: a flat base that sits on top of the mounting hardware on the wall, and a hook that grabs onto the underside of the shelf. Think of it as an upside-down 'L' shape with a small support peg underneath.

Here are the dimensions I'm thinking of, but I need these to be customizable:

*   **`hookthick`**: This is the depth of the hook that grabs the shelf – how far back the hook extends from the base, something around 20mm, but it should be adjustable.
*   **`length`**: The overall length of the base that sits on the mount, probably around 62mm for now, but this is also going to change between shelves.
*   **`width`**: The width of the entire bracket, should be around 33mm
*   **`heightlow`**: The height of the base part, likely about 10mm, that sits on top of the mount.
*   **`heighthight`**:  The height of the hook section, above the base, around 16mm or so.
*   **`hookshelf`**: The thickness of the wood that the hook will grab. This is going to be important to customize, should probably default to around 13mm.

I need the base to be a rectangular prism, and the hook is just another rectangle on top of that. Additionally, I need a small cylindrical peg support on the bottom of the bracket under the middle. This support should be located halfway along the length of the base, centered on the width, and have a diameter of 5mm with a length slightly less than the sum of `hookthick` and `heighthight`

Also, I'd like a small thin rectangle on the back of the bracket to act as a stop for the shelf, this should be the same length as the base of the bracket, and extend up from the back a very small amount. Probably about 1mm thick, and the height should be about the width of the hook plus the shelf thickness.

Could you generate an OpenSCAD file with these parameters? It would be ideal if the code was laid out with proper indentation, and also include comments in the file that describe what is being defined, similar to the code I have here.

[Assistant]
shelf_bracket3.scad:
```
//This is how far the bracket will extend into the shelf
hookthick = 20;
length = 62*1;

width = 33*1;

heightlow = 10*1;

heighthight = 16*1;
//This is how thick the wood is that the bracet will grab on to in mm
hookshelf = 13;
difference(){

    union(){
        color("red")   translate([0,hookthick,0] )     cube([length, hookshelf, heightlow]);

        color("blue")   cube([length, hookthick, heighthight]);
    }
       color ("red") translate([length/2, 0, heightlow/2]) rotate([270,0,0]) cylinder(hookthick*.75,5,5);
    translate([length/2, 0, heightlow/2]) rotate([270,0,0]) cylinder(hookthick + heighthight,2.5,2.5);

}
translate([length, 0,0]) rotate([0,180,0]) cube([length, hookshelf + hookthick , 1]);
//text("woo") center = true;

//difference()  {cube(12, center=true); sphere(8);}
```


[User]
Hi, I'm looking to have a set of modular marble track pieces designed in OpenSCAD. I've seen a few designs out there, but I'd like something that's fully parametric and customizable. I've got some specific dimensions in mind, and I'd like the pieces to connect together easily.

Basically, I envision the core track "unit" being a cube, with customizable dimensions for width, height, and depth. Let's start with a default unit size of 20mm x 20mm x 20mm.  The actual track will be half the height of the unit, and some pieces that change vertical levels will be twice the height.  Also, the connectors between the pieces should be a male/female system with a customizable width and length; I’d say start with 2mm wide and 4mm long, and add a tolerance value to the female connectors to account for printing inaccuracies. I think .25mm would be a good start, but I'd like that value to be adjustable. And maybe a slightly different tolerance for supports?  Call that STOLERANCE and make it .2.  I’d like to use 12mm diameter marbles, so the track should be wide enough for those. I'm not sure if they need to be a full circle, but I guess we'll see. Also, the track itself should have a standard unit length - let's say 20mm by default.

I need a variety of pieces, such as:
*   Straight track pieces of variable lengths (I’d like the ability to specify length for these)
*   Straight track pieces that use female connectors on both ends, for extensions.
*   Downwards pieces, that drop the marble down by a height unit.  Make these both forward-facing and reverse-facing.
*   90-degree turn pieces
*   180-degree turn pieces that can be extended by other pieces.
*   End pieces that capture the marble, maybe with a small well to hold it
*   A marble model, just a simple sphere, so I can print it if necessary
*   Support pieces, both standard and tall, to hold up the track. Standard supports should be 1.5x the height of the track unit and tall supports should be 2.5x. Make the support legs have a default width of 3mm.

I think that would cover all the bases. Also, I’d like to use the standard OpenSCAD libraries (built in).  Can you generate an OpenSCAD file with these modules and parameters?

[Assistant]
marble_track_draft2.scad:
```
// *** Written by Chris Dearner ***
// Please see my thingiverse page for license details
// Second draft: 21 Apr 2017
// Improved customizability & moved
// the pieces closer together in the sets
WIDTH = 20;         //20 by default
HEIGHT = WIDTH;     //If they're not equal, some things break.
CONNECTORWIDTH = 2; //2mm works well for me
CONNECTORLENGTH = 4;//4mm works well for me
TOLERANCE = .25;    //Added to female connectors
                    //(the negative space)
                    //Can't be bigger than 1mm
                    //.25mm works well for me
//HEIGHT = 20;      //Open tracks are half-height
                    //My default height is 20
                    //which makes the "unit" of the track
                    // a nice 20x20x20 cube
STOLERANCE = .2;    //supports seem to need a slightly lower tolerance
SDEPTH = HEIGHT / 2;// = HEIGHT / 2 by default
SWIDTH = 3;         //width of support legs (in the X direction)
                    //3mm is what I use
DIAMETER = 12;      //12mm works for 3/8" bearings
TRACKUNIT = 20;     //Standard unit length for track (20 by default)

//Uncomment the following to generate a good-sized track
//set that takes up two prusa i3 build plates:
//translate([-(6*WIDTH + 2*CONNECTORLENGTH + 24), CONNECTORLENGTH, 0]) trackSet1();
//trackSet2();

oneOfEach();
//------------- MODULES BELOW ---------------------------
//The basic pieces are contained in the following modules:
// straightTrack(length), straightTrackff(length)
// downReversePiece(), downForwardPiece()
// support(), tallSupport(), marble()
// 90turnPiece(), 180turnWithTolerance(),
// dropTube(), endPiece(sphereDiameter)
// --------------------------------------------------
// trackSet1() and trackSet2() together give you
// a good starting set, and should print as-is on
// a prusa i3 clone (build area of around 180x180mm).
// oneOfEach() generates one of each piece in the set,
// and works well if you want to remix this with custom
// sizes or whatever.

module oneOfEach() {
    //Straight pieces
    translate([0, 0, 0]) straightTrack(TRACKUNIT);
    translate([0, TRACKUNIT + CONNECTORLENGTH + 4, 0]) straightTrack(2*TRACKUNIT);
    translate([0, TRACKUNIT * 3 + 2*CONNECTORLENGTH + 8, 0]) straightTrack(4*TRACKUNIT);

    //Straight w/ff connectors
    translate([WIDTH + 4, 0, 0]) straightTrackff(TRACKUNIT);
    translate([WIDTH + 4, TRACKUNIT + 4, 0]) straightTrackff(TRACKUNIT * 2);
    translate([WIDTH + 4, TRACKUNIT * 3 + 8, 0]) straightTrackff(TRACKUNIT * 4);

    //Drop pieces
    translate([WIDTH*2 + 8, 0, WIDTH]) rotate([-90, 0, 0]) downReversePiece();
    translate([WIDTH * 2 + 8, WIDTH * 2 + 4 + CONNECTORLENGTH, 0]) downForwardPiece();

    //Launcher
    translate([WIDTH * 2 + 8, WIDTH * 3 + 2* CONNECTORLENGTH + 8, 0]) dropTube();

    //End piece, turns
    translate([WIDTH * 3 + 12, 0, 0]) endPiece();
    translate([WIDTH * 3 + 12 + CONNECTORLENGTH, WIDTH + CONNECTORLENGTH  + 4, 0]) 90turnPiece();
    translate([WIDTH * 3 + 12 + CONNECTORLENGTH, WIDTH * 3 + CONNECTORLENGTH * 2 + 8, 0]) rotate([0, 0, -90]) 180turnWithTolerance();

    //Marble
    translate([WIDTH * 3 + 12 + CONNECTORLENGTH, WIDTH * 4 + CONNECTORLENGTH * 2 + 12, 0]) marble();

    //supports
    translate([WIDTH * 4 + 16 + 2* CONNECTORLENGTH, 0, 0]) rotate([-90, 0, 0]) support();

    translate([WIDTH * 4 + 16 + 2* CONNECTORLENGTH, WIDTH*1.5 + 4, 0]) rotate([-90, 0, 0]) tallSupport();
}
module trackSet1() {
for (x=[0, WIDTH + 4, 2*WIDTH + 8, 3*WIDTH + 12]) {
    translate([x, 0, 0]) straightTrack(TRACKUNIT);
    translate([x, TRACKUNIT + CONNECTORLENGTH + 4, 0]) straightTrack(2*TRACKUNIT);
    translate([x, TRACKUNIT * 3 + 2*CONNECTORLENGTH + 8, 0]) straightTrack(4*TRACKUNIT);
}
for (x = [4*WIDTH + 16 + CONNECTORLENGTH, 5*WIDTH + 20 + 2* CONNECTORLENGTH]) {
    translate([x, 0, 0]) 90turnPiece();
    translate([x, WIDTH + CONNECTORLENGTH + 4, 0]) 90turnPiece();
    translate([x, 2*WIDTH + 2*CONNECTORLENGTH + 8, 0]) straightTrackff(TRACKUNIT);
    translate([x, 2*WIDTH + TRACKUNIT + 2*CONNECTORLENGTH + 12, 0]) straightTrackff(TRACKUNIT);

}

translate([5*WIDTH + 16 + CONNECTORLENGTH, 2* WIDTH + 2*TRACKUNIT + CONNECTORLENGTH * 3 + 16, 0]) 180turnWithTolerance();
translate([5*WIDTH + 16 + CONNECTORLENGTH, 3* WIDTH + 2*TRACKUNIT + CONNECTORLENGTH * 4 + 20, 0]) 180turnWithTolerance();
}
module trackSet2() {
//First column of  supports
for (y=[0, HEIGHT*1.5 + 4, HEIGHT*3 + 8, HEIGHT*4.5 + 12]) {
translate([0, y, 0])
translate([SWIDTH, 0, SDEPTH]) rotate ([-90, 0, 0]) support();
}
//Fifth support in second column

translate([WIDTH + 2*SWIDTH + SWIDTH, HEIGHT * 5 + 8, 0]) translate([SWIDTH, 0, SDEPTH]) rotate ([-90, 0, 0]) support();

//tall supports in second column
for (y = [0, HEIGHT * 2.5 + 4]) {
    translate([WIDTH + 2*SWIDTH, y, 0])
    translate([SWIDTH*2, 0, SDEPTH]) rotate ([-90, 0, 0]) tallSupport();
}
//Drop pieces in third column
for (y=[0, (HEIGHT * 2 + 4)]) translate([WIDTH * 2 + SWIDTH * 6 + 4, y, WIDTH]) rotate([-90, 0, 0]) downReversePiece();
for (y=[4*HEIGHT + 8 + CONNECTORLENGTH, 4*HEIGHT + 12 + 2*CONNECTORLENGTH + WIDTH]) translate([WIDTH * 2 + SWIDTH * 6 + 4, y, 0]) downForwardPiece();

//Fifth column
translate([WIDTH * 3 + SWIDTH * 5 + 12 + CONNECTORLENGTH, CONNECTORLENGTH, 0]) endPiece();
for (y=[WIDTH + 2*CONNECTORLENGTH + 4, 2*WIDTH + 3*CONNECTORLENGTH + 8]) translate([WIDTH * 3 + SWIDTH * 5 + 12 + CONNECTORLENGTH, y, 0]) 90turnPiece();
translate([WIDTH * 3 + SWIDTH * 5 + 12 + CONNECTORLENGTH, 3*WIDTH + 4*CONNECTORLENGTH + 12, 0]) dropTube();

for (y=[0, TRACKUNIT + 4]) translate([WIDTH * 4 + SWIDTH * 5 + 16 + CONNECTORLENGTH, y, 0]) straightTrackff(TRACKUNIT);
for (y=[2*TRACKUNIT + 8 + CONNECTORLENGTH, 4*TRACKUNIT + 12 + 2* CONNECTORLENGTH]) translate([WIDTH * 4 + SWIDTH * 5 + 16 + CONNECTORLENGTH, y, 0]) straightTrack(2*TRACKUNIT);

//Sixth column (new to second draft!)
for (y=[0, 4 + TRACKUNIT * 2, 8 + TRACKUNIT * 4,]) {
    translate([WIDTH * 5 + SWIDTH * 5 + 20 + CONNECTORLENGTH, y, 0]) straightTrackff(2 * TRACKUNIT);
}
}

module tallSupport() {
for (x=[0, WIDTH + STOLERANCE*2 + SWIDTH]) {
    translate([x, 0, 0]) cube([SWIDTH, SDEPTH, HEIGHT*2.5]);
}
translate([SWIDTH, 0, (HEIGHT * 2) - SWIDTH]) cube([WIDTH + STOLERANCE*2, SDEPTH, SWIDTH]);
}
module marble(marbRadius = (DIAMETER - 2) / 2) {
    translate([marbRadius, marbRadius, marbRadius]) sphere(r=marbRadius, $fn=100);
}
module endPiece(sphereRadius = DIAMETER / 2 + 2) {
difference() {
cube([WIDTH, WIDTH, HEIGHT/2]);
translate([WIDTH/2, WIDTH/2, HEIGHT/2]) sphere(sphereRadius);
    translate([WIDTH/2,WIDTH/2, HEIGHT/2])
    rotate([90,0,0])
cylinder(r1=DIAMETER/2, r2=DIAMETER/2,h=WIDTH/2 + 1, $fn = 50);
}
translate([0,-CONNECTORLENGTH, 0]) connectorm();
translate([(WIDTH - CONNECTORWIDTH), -CONNECTORLENGTH, 0]) connectorm();
}

module downReversePiece() {
halfDown();
difference() {
translate([0, WIDTH, HEIGHT]) rotate([90, 0, 0]) halfDown();
translate([-2 + TOLERANCE, -1, HEIGHT*1.5]) connectorf();
translate([-2 +TOLERANCE,-1, HEIGHT])connectorf();
translate([WIDTH - TOLERANCE - CONNECTORWIDTH, -1, HEIGHT*1.5]) connectorf();
translate([WIDTH - TOLERANCE - CONNECTORWIDTH, -1, HEIGHT])connectorf();
}
translate([0, -CONNECTORLENGTH, 0]) connectorm();
translate([0, -CONNECTORLENGTH, HEIGHT/2]) connectorm();
translate([WIDTH - CONNECTORWIDTH, -CONNECTORLENGTH, 0])connectorm();
translate([WIDTH - CONNECTORWIDTH, -CONNECTORLENGTH, HEIGHT/2])connectorm();
}
module downForwardPiece() {
halfDown();
difference() {
translate([WIDTH, 0, HEIGHT]) rotate([90, 0, 180]) halfDown();
translate([-2 + TOLERANCE, WIDTH - CONNECTORLENGTH -1, HEIGHT*1.5]) connectorf();
translate([-2 +TOLERANCE, WIDTH - CONNECTORLENGTH -1, HEIGHT])connectorf();
translate([WIDTH - TOLERANCE - CONNECTORWIDTH, WIDTH - CONNECTORLENGTH -1, HEIGHT*1.5]) connectorf();
translate([WIDTH - TOLERANCE - CONNECTORWIDTH, WIDTH - CONNECTORLENGTH -1, HEIGHT])connectorf();
}
translate([0, -CONNECTORLENGTH, 0]) connectorm();
translate([0, -CONNECTORLENGTH, HEIGHT/2]) connectorm();
translate([WIDTH - CONNECTORWIDTH, -CONNECTORLENGTH, 0])connectorm();
translate([WIDTH - CONNECTORWIDTH, -CONNECTORLENGTH, HEIGHT/2])connectorm();
}

module straightDownHalf() {
    difference() {
    halfDown();
                translate([0, 0, HEIGHT]) rotate([270, 0, 0]) {
        translate([-2+TOLERANCE, -CONNECTORLENGTH+3, -2]) connectorf();
    translate([WIDTH - CONNECTORWIDTH - TOLERANCE , -CONNECTORLENGTH+3, -2]) connectorf();
    }
}
    translate([0, -CONNECTORLENGTH, 0]) connectorm();
    translate([WIDTH - CONNECTORWIDTH, -CONNECTORLENGTH, 0]) connectorm();
    translate([0, HEIGHT/2, HEIGHT]) rotate([270, 0, 0]) {
        translate([0, -CONNECTORLENGTH, 0]) connectorm();
    translate([WIDTH - CONNECTORWIDTH, -CONNECTORLENGTH, 0]) connectorm();
    }

}

module halfDown() {
intersection() {
    downTube();
    cube([WIDTH, WIDTH, HEIGHT]);
}
}

module 90turnPiece() {
90turn();
rotate([0, 0, 90]) connectorm();
rotate([0, 0, 90]) translate([WIDTH-CONNECTORWIDTH, 0, 0]) connectorm();
}

module support() {
for (x=[0, WIDTH + STOLERANCE*2 + SWIDTH]) {
    translate([x, 0, 0]) cube([SWIDTH, SDEPTH, HEIGHT*1.5]);
}
translate([SWIDTH, 0, (HEIGHT) - SWIDTH]) cube([WIDTH + STOLERANCE*2, SDEPTH, SWIDTH]);
}
module dropTube() {
rotate([0,0,90])
difference() {
rotate([0, 0, -90]) cube([WIDTH, HEIGHT*3, HEIGHT*3]);
translate([0, 1, HEIGHT*3])rotate([90, 0, 0]) cylinder(r1=HEIGHT*2, r2=HEIGHT*2, h=WIDTH+2);
    translate([0, 0, HEIGHT*3])
rotate([90, 90, 0])
    rotate_extrude()
    translate([HEIGHT*2, 0, 0])
    translate([HEIGHT/2, WIDTH/2, 0]) circle(r=DIAMETER/2);

}

translate([0, -CONNECTORLENGTH, 0]) connectorm();
translate([WIDTH - CONNECTORWIDTH, -CONNECTORLENGTH, 0]) connectorm();
translate([0, -CONNECTORLENGTH, HEIGHT/2]) connectorm();
translate([WIDTH - CONNECTORWIDTH, -CONNECTORLENGTH, HEIGHT/2]) connectorm();
}
//translate([0, 0, 48])
//rotate([90, 90, 0])
//intersection() {
//rotate_extrude()
//translate([32, 0, 0])
//difference() {
//square([HEIGHT, WIDTH]);
//translate([HEIGHT/2, WIDTH/2, 0]) circle(r=DIAMETER/2);
//}
//translate([0, -0, 0])cube([100, 100, 100]);
//}

module 180turn() {
    90turn();
    mirror([90, 0, 0]) 90turn();
}
module 180turnWithTolerance() {

    module 90turnWithTolerance() {
    90turn();
    difference() {
    translate([-TOLERANCE, 0, 0])
    cube([TOLERANCE+.1, WIDTH, HEIGHT/2]);
    translate([-TOLERANCE-.1, WIDTH/2, HEIGHT/2])
    rotate([0, 90, 0]) cylinder(r1 = DIAMETER/2, r2=DIAMETER/2, h=TOLERANCE+.3, $fn=50);

    }
    }
    90turnWithTolerance();
    translate([-TOLERANCE*2, 0, 0]) mirror([90, 0, 0]) 90turnWithTolerance();
    translate([-CONNECTORWIDTH/2, -CONNECTORLENGTH, 0]) connectorm();
}
module 90turn() {
    difference() {
    90degree();
    translate([-1, -1-CONNECTORLENGTH, HEIGHT/2]) cube([WIDTH+2, WIDTH+2+CONNECTORLENGTH, (HEIGHT/2) +2]);
    }
}
module straightTrack(length = 40) { //Straight tracks are half-height
difference() {
difference() {
cube([WIDTH,length, HEIGHT/2]);
translate([WIDTH/2,length+1, HEIGHT/2])
rotate([90,0,0])
cylinder(r1=DIAMETER/2, r2=DIAMETER/2,h=length+2, $fn = 50);
}
translate([-2+TOLERANCE, length-CONNECTORLENGTH-1, -1]) connectorf();
translate([WIDTH-CONNECTORWIDTH-TOLERANCE, length-CONNECTORLENGTH-1, -1]) connectorf();

}
//Male Connectors
translate([0,-CONNECTORLENGTH, 0]) connectorm();
translate([(WIDTH - CONNECTORWIDTH), -CONNECTORLENGTH, 0]) connectorm();
}
module straightTrackff(length = 40) { //Straight tracks are half-height
difference() {
difference() {
cube([WIDTH,length, HEIGHT/2]);
translate([WIDTH/2,length+1, HEIGHT/2])
rotate([90,0,0])
cylinder(r1=DIAMETER/2, r2=DIAMETER/2,h=length+2, $fn = 50);
}
translate([-2+TOLERANCE, length-CONNECTORLENGTH-1, -1]) connectorf();
translate([WIDTH-CONNECTORWIDTH-TOLERANCE, length-CONNECTORLENGTH-1, -1]) connectorf();
translate([-2+TOLERANCE, -1, -1]) connectorf();
translate([WIDTH-CONNECTORWIDTH-TOLERANCE, -1, -1]) connectorf();
}

}

module 90degree(length = 32, connectors = 1) {
    difference() {
    cube([WIDTH, WIDTH, HEIGHT]);
        translate([0, 0, ((HEIGHT-DIAMETER)/2)]) {
    translate([0, 0, DIAMETER/2])
    rotate_extrude() translate([WIDTH/2, 0, 0])circle(DIAMETER/2, $fn=50);
        }
    }
    if (connectors) {
    translate([0,-CONNECTORLENGTH, 0]) connectorm();
translate([(WIDTH - CONNECTORWIDTH), -CONNECTORLENGTH, 0]) connectorm();
    }
    //This adds a little width so you can have F connectors
    //Or anyway, it was supposed to
    //But that messed up the rotation?  And I'm bad at
    //thinking in 3D

    //on turns
    //difference() {
    //translate([0, -CONNECTORLENGTH, 0])
    //cube([WIDTH, CONNECTORLENGTH, HEIGHT]);
    //translate([WIDTH/2,CONNECTORLENGTH-3, HEIGHT/2])
    //rotate ([90, 0, 0])
    //    cylinder(r1 = DIAMETER/2, r2 = DIAMETER/2, h=CONNECTORLENGTH+2, $fn=50);
    //}
}

module downTube() {
difference() {
    cube([WIDTH,WIDTH,2*HEIGHT]);
    translate([WIDTH/2,0,HEIGHT])
rotate([0, 90, 0])
rotate_extrude(convexity = 10, $fn=50)
translate([HEIGHT/2, 0, 0])
circle(r = DIAMETER/2, $fn=50);
}
translate([0, -CONNECTORLENGTH, 0]) connectorm();
translate([WIDTH - CONNECTORWIDTH, -CONNECTORLENGTH, 0]) connectorm();
translate([0, -CONNECTORLENGTH, HEIGHT]) connectorm();
translate([WIDTH - CONNECTORWIDTH, -CONNECTORLENGTH, HEIGHT]) connectorm();
}

module connectorm() {
    cube([CONNECTORWIDTH, CONNECTORLENGTH, HEIGHT/2]);
}
module connectorf() {
    cube ([CONNECTORWIDTH + 2, CONNECTORLENGTH + 2, HEIGHT/2+2]);
}
```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to design a bike mount for my phone, and I think OpenSCAD is the way to go. I have a basic idea, and I've even found some inspiration online, but I need to get it into a proper, customizable file.

Essentially, I need a mount that attaches to the handlebars and holds a phone using a clamp that's part of the "Modular Mounting System" (I'm referencing this Thingiverse link: http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:2194278). I'll use a separate knob from that system to tighten the clamp around the phone, so the actual phone holding mechanism doesn't need to be in this file.

The mount itself needs a couple of key features. First, a hexagonal section that attaches to the phone clamp. Second, arm-like structures that reach out from the hex section towards the center of the bike to hold the phone. Third, a curved clamp that attaches to the handlebars of my bike.

I've got some specific dimensions to start with that I want to be parametric:

*   **`mountHeight`**: The total width of the mount (along the z-axis). I'm thinking 24mm minimum.
*   **`phoneLength`**: The length of my phone or case, to determine the length of the support arms.
*   **`armThichness`**: The thickness of the arms, I'm thinking around 3mm.
*   **`armWidth`**: The width of each arm - maybe 8mm?
*   **`tabHeight`**: Height of the small tabs that help prevent the phone from sliding. 8mm sounds good.
*   **`barDiameter`**: The diameter of my bike handlebars. I need to be able to change this.
*   **`finThickness`**: The thickness of the plates that add structure to the mount - let's start with 3mm.
*   **`cylinderThickness`**: The thickness of the curved clamp that grabs the handlebar. 4mm for now?
*   **`tolerance`**: A small value (like 0.05mm) to add to the clamp for some wiggle room.
*   **`offsetDepth`**: This is calculated as 16 + `cylinderThickness` + `barDiameter`/2 and dictates how far away from the clamp to place the bar clamp.

For the hex attachment, I have the coordinates for the 6 vertices, which I need to make a polygon:

`hexPts = [
[0,-15.08-tolerance],
[0,15.08+tolerance],
[4.5,17.68+tolerance],
[8.2,15.54+tolerance],
[8.2,-15.54-tolerance],
[4.5,-17.68-tolerance],
];`

The shape where the hex part joins the arm is made from:

`finPts = [
[armThichness,25],
[armThichness,-25],
[offsetDepth,-barDiameter/2-cylinderThickness],
[offsetDepth,barDiameter/2+cylinderThickness],
];`

I'd like the design to be constructed modularly, so it's easy to modify or use parts of it later. So, I'm thinking that the design should include separate modules like `hex()`, `hexClamp()`, `fin()`, `arm()`, `armHollow()`, `tab()`, `finAll()`, `smallCylinder()`, `largeCylinder()`, `positive()`, `negative()`, and a top-level `difference()` to get the final shape. I also plan on using `linear_extrude()`, `polygon()`, `cube()`, `translate()`, `cylinder()`, `mirror()`, `union()`, and `difference()` operations.

I'm hoping to make this parametric so I can customize it for different phones and bike sizes. It's also important that the handlebar clamp allows for a snug fit to the handlebars, so a slightly smaller value of `barDiameter` is good for added strength.

Could you create this OpenSCAD design for me? I'm fairly new to this, so please try to comment the code to help me understand it.

[Assistant]
Bike_mount_MMS.scad:
```
//circle resolution
$fn=100;

//total width of the mount
mountHeight = 24;

//length of your phone or case
phoneLength = 140;

//thickness of the arm
armThichness = 3;

//width of each arm
armWidth = 8;

//height of the tab on the two ends of phone
tabHeight = 8;

//diameter of the handlebar on your bike
barDiameter = 25.4;

//thickness of the three plates
finThickness = 3;

//thickness of the arc surface
cylinderThickness = 4;

//offset of the cutout grabing the phone clamp, larger is looser
tolerance = 0.05;

offsetDepth = 16+cylinderThickness+barDiameter/2;

hexPts = [
    [0,-15.08-tolerance], //0
    [0,15.08+tolerance], //1
    [4.5,17.68+tolerance], //3
    [8.2,15.54+tolerance], //5
    [8.2,-15.54-tolerance], //4
    [4.5,-17.68-tolerance], //2
    ];

module hex () {
    linear_extrude(height=mountHeight) polygon(hexPts);
}

finPts = [
    [armThichness,25],
    [armThichness,-25],
    [offsetDepth,-barDiameter/2-cylinderThickness],
    [offsetDepth,barDiameter/2+cylinderThickness],
];

module hexClamp (){
difference (){
    linear_extrude(height=mountHeight) polygon(finPts);
translate ([11,-25,0]){
cube([offsetDepth,50,mountHeight],center=false);
}
}
}

module fin () {
    linear_extrude(height=finThickness) polygon(finPts);
}

module arm () {
translate([0,-phoneLength/2,0]) {
    cube(size = [armThichness,phoneLength,mountHeight], center = false);
    }
}

module armHollow(){
    translate ([0,25,armWidth]) {
    cube ([armThichness,phoneLength/2-25,mountHeight-armWidth*2],center=false);

}
}

module tab(){
translate([-tabHeight,phoneLength/2,0]) {
cube(size=[armThichness+tabHeight,armThichness,mountHeight], center = false);
}
}

module tabAll() {
tab();
mirror ([0,1,0]){
    tab();
}
}

module finAll () {
translate([0,0,0]) {
    fin();
}
translate([0,0,mountHeight-finThickness]) {
    fin();
}
translate([0,0,mountHeight/2-finThickness/2]) {
    fin();
}
}

module smallCylinder () {
translate([offsetDepth,0,0]) {
cylinder(h=mountHeight, r=barDiameter/2);
}
}

module largeCylinder () {
translate([offsetDepth,0,0]) {
cylinder(h=mountHeight, r=barDiameter/2+cylinderThickness);
}
}

module positive (){
union () {
        finAll();
        tabAll();
        arm();
        largeCylinder();
        hexClamp();
}
}

module negative(){
    union () {
    smallCylinder();
    translate([offsetDepth,-20,0]) {
        cube(size=[offsetDepth,40,mountHeight], center = false);
    }
    hex();
    translate ([-7,0,0]){
        hex();
        }
    armHollow();
    mirror ([0,1,0]){
        armHollow();};
}
}

difference (){
    positive();
    negative();
}
```


[User]
Hi! I'm looking to create a parametric marble and ball bearing holder using OpenSCAD. I've seen a few designs out there, but I'd like something I can customize pretty thoroughly.

Ideally, I'd like to have the ability to control the following:

*   **Object Selection:** I want a single OpenSCAD file, but I need the ability to render either just the shelf, just the holder, or both (a full display) at once, using a variable.
*   **Shelf Configuration:**
    *   I need to be able to specify how many marbles/bearings I want in a grid on each shelf. I'd need separate variables for the number of rows and the number of columns.
    *   I want to be able to specify the diameter of the marbles/bearings I'll be using.
    *   I need a variable to control the percentage of the marble that sinks into the shelf.
    *   I'd also like a variable to define the gap between marbles on the shelf.
*   **Holder Configuration:**
    *   I want a variable to control the thickness of the holder walls.
    *   I'll need a variable to specify the tolerance (gap) between the shelf and the holder's wall.
    *   I need to be able to specify the number of shelves that the holder can accommodate.
    *   Finally, I want a variable to control the angle of the uprights/supports of the holder.

I'd like the program to calculate several things based on these parameters, such as:

*   The total number of marbles per shelf and the total overall.
*   The dimensions (X, Y, Z) of each shelf and the total holder.
*   The spacing and offset needed to position the marbles correctly on the shelf.

In terms of the design itself, I'm thinking:

*   The shelf should be a basic cube shape with indentations to hold the marbles.
*   The holder should have an overall base with upright supports that rise up to hold the shelves. The uprights should be angled inwards from the base, not straight up.
*   I need to be able to render an assembled version of the design with the shelves sitting on top of the holder's base and being supported by the uprights.
*   When displaying the entire assembly with marbles, they should be properly placed within the marble indentations on the shelves.
*  I'd like the program to use a `polyhedron` for the upright supports to avoid issues with more complex shapes.

Could you generate an OpenSCAD file for this? I'm not really picky about libraries or anything, just whatever you think works best. Thanks!

[Assistant]
Marbles_-_Ball_Bearings_Holder_-_Parametric.scad:
```
/* [Hidden] */
$fn=30;

/* [ 1 - Object] */
// Select Object To Print Or Display
object = 0; // [0:Display, 1:Shelf, 2:Holder]

/* [ 2 - Shelf Configuration] */
// Marble Count - X Axis
countRows = 5; // [2:30]
// Marble Count - Y Axis
countColumns = 5;  // [2:30]
// Diameter Of Marbles
marbleDiameter = 12.7; // [4:30]
// % Of Marble To Sink Into Shelf
marbleSinkPct = 20; // [10:45]
// Gap Between Marbles
xyGap = 2; // [1:15]

/* [ 3 - Holder Configuration] */
// Thickness Of Walls
wallThickness = 2; // [1:5]
// Gap Between Shelf & Wall.
tolerance = 2; // [1:3]
// Number Of Shelves
countShelves = 4;  // [1:10]
// Angle Of Uprights
angle = 65; // [60:85]

zGap = marbleDiameter / 8 < 2 ? 2 : marbleDiameter / 8;
marbleRadius = marbleDiameter / 2;
marblesPerShelf = countRows * countColumns;
marblesTotal = marblesPerShelf * countShelves;
shelfX = (marbleDiameter * countRows) + (xyGap * (countRows + 1));
shelfY = (marbleDiameter * countColumns) + (xyGap * (countColumns + 1));
shelfZ = (marbleDiameter * (marbleSinkPct / 100)) + zGap;
shelfClearanceZ = marbleDiameter + zGap / 2;
xySpacing = marbleDiameter + xyGap;
xyOffset = marbleRadius + xyGap;
zTopOffset = marbleRadius + zGap;
zBottomOffset = -(marbleRadius - (zGap / 2));
holderX = shelfX + ((wallThickness + tolerance) * 2);
holderY = shelfY + ((wallThickness + tolerance) * 2);
holderZ = shelfClearanceZ * countShelves + shelfZ;

echo(str("Marbles per Shelf:  ", marblesPerShelf));
echo(str("Total Marbles:  ", marblesTotal));

if(!object)
	display();
else
	if(object==1)
		shelf();
	else
		holder();

module display()
{
	holder();
	for(i=[0:countShelves-1])
	{
			translate([0,0,(i*shelfClearanceZ)+shelfZ])
					shelf();
			translate([-holderX/2+(tolerance*2),-holderY/2+(tolerance*2),0])
					marbles(i*shelfClearanceZ+shelfZ+marbleRadius+zGap);
	} // End for()
} // End display()

module shelf()
{
	totalHeight = 0;
	translate([-shelfX/2,-shelfY/2,0])
		difference()
		{
			cube([shelfX,shelfY,shelfZ]);
			marbles(zTopOffset);
			marbles(zBottomOffset);
		} // End difference()
} // End shelf()

module marbles(z)
{
	for (x = [0:countRows-1])
		for (y = [0:countColumns-1])
		{
			translate([x*xySpacing+xyOffset,y*xySpacing+xyOffset,z])
				sphere(marbleRadius, center=true);
		} // End for()
} // End marbles()

module holder()
{
	uprightHeight = holderZ - shelfZ;
	uprightShelfXYOffset = (uprightHeight / tan(angle)) + wallThickness;

	uprightPoints = [
		[0,0,0],
		[0,0,uprightHeight],
		[wallThickness,0,uprightHeight],
		[uprightShelfXYOffset,0,0],
		[0,uprightShelfXYOffset,0],
		[0,wallThickness,uprightHeight], // 5
		[0,0,uprightHeight],
		[wallThickness,uprightShelfXYOffset,0],
		[wallThickness,wallThickness,uprightHeight],
		[wallThickness,wallThickness,0],
		[uprightShelfXYOffset,wallThickness,0], // 10
		];

	uprightFaces = [
		[0,1,2,3], // Front Right Truncated Triangle
		[0,4,5,6], // Front Left Truncated Triangle
		[4,7,8,5], // Left Incline Rectangle
		[9,8,7], // Rear Left Triangle
		[9,10,8], //Rear Right Triangle
		[3,2,8,10], // Right Incline Rectagle
		[1,5,8,2], // Top Square
		[0,3,10,9], // Bottom Right Polygon
		[0,4,7,9] // Bottom Left Polygon
		];

	translate([0,0,shelfZ/2])
		cube([holderX,holderY,shelfZ], center=true);

	for(i=[0:3])
	{
		y = i < 2 ? -holderY/2 : holderY/2; // 0 & 1
		x = i % 3 ? holderX/2 : -holderX/2; // 0 & 3

		translate([x,y,shelfZ])
			rotate([0,0,i*90])
				polyhedron(uprightPoints,uprightFaces,10);
	} // End for()
} // End holder()

```


[User]
Hey there, I'm looking to design a custom case for a USB flash drive, and I've got a pretty specific idea in mind, combining elements from a couple of existing designs. I'm hoping you can help me generate the OpenSCAD files for it.

Essentially, I want to create a two-part case that functions as a cryptex, but with a changeable combination. The case needs to be designed so that when unlocked, the top part can be removed, which then allows the combination rings to be changed, and then the case can be reassembled. Think of it like a combination lock, but instead of dials you have rings, and the rings can be changed or re-ordered to alter the combination.

The design will be based on two existing projects: the "USB Flash Drive Cryptex v2" (Thingiverse 1196989), and the changeable combination ring design (Thingiverse 830293). I’ve also been using “mod_customizable_ring_for_USB_flash_drive_cryptex_v2.scad” that uses the flash drive case customizer from (Thingiverse 1740723) which I’ve modified to account for the increased length of the cryptex due to the locking cap, and the addition of some friction fittings. I am hoping that instead of modifying the existing scad files, we could start from scratch with a fully parametric design using the BOSL library for the gears.

Here’s a breakdown of what I need:

1.  **Two-Part Case:** The case should be composed of two main parts – a top shell and a bottom shell. These should fit together snugly with friction fittings.

2.  **Cryptex Mechanism:** The design should incorporate the basic cryptex locking mechanism from the first project (1196989) and have two or more interlocking rings, which can be rotated for the combination.

3.  **Changeable Combination:**  The rings need to be designed such that they can be removed and re-ordered when the top shell is removed. There should be an interior space large enough to support at least 3 rings, while still having a similar exterior shape to the cryptex that I linked above.

4.  **Friction Fittings:** The top and bottom case pieces need to snap together with friction fits, so no glue is needed.

5.  **USB Flash Drive Accommodation:** The internal cavity of the case should be customizable with parameters to fit a specific USB flash drive. It would need parameters for the width, length, and height of the circuit board. The USB plug also needs to be offset from the ends of the device, so parameters for the offset of the plug on the top and bottom would also be required.

6.  **Strap Hole:** I’d like to include a hole for attaching a strap or keyring, which should also be parameterized.

7.  **Parametric Design:** The design should be fully parametric, allowing me to adjust dimensions for different USB drives, strap hole sizes, and other relevant dimensions, including the width and length of the cryptex itself. The number of combination rings should also be a parameter.

8.  **BOSL Library:** I'd really appreciate it if the code could utilize the BOSL library for creating the gears used in the cryptex mechanism.

I'm picturing the locking mechanism as using two or more interlocking rings with teeth that only line up at the correct combination to allow the top shell to be removed. When locked, the teeth from the rings would prevent the top part from sliding off. The BOSL library's ability to create gears seems perfect for this. I think the rings would need to be placed on some sort of pin or track in the center of the device.

Could you help me generate OpenSCAD files for this project that uses the BOSL library? I'd be very grateful. Let me know if you need any clarification on the design or specific parameters.

[Assistant]
mod_customizable_ring_for_USB_flash_drive_cryptex_v2.scad:
```
/***************************************************
*                                                  *
*        Designed by Freakazoid 08-25-2016         *
*                                                  *
*         Modified by Richard Smith 04-23-2017     *
*         for my remix                             *
*                                                  *
*  made to work with "USB Flash Drive Cryptex v2"  *
*    http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:1196989      *
*                                                  *
***************************************************/

//Enter values here. give yourself some wiggle room, e.g. +0.2 ... +0.4

//For IBM flash
//Width of the circuit board
//Circuit_Width = 15.9;
//Length of the circuit board
//Circuit_Length = 32.5;
//Height of the circuit board.
//Circuit_Height = 6.4;     //Don't make too tight! 4-5mm will probably work for you.

//For bare flash
Circuit_Width = 14.5;
Circuit_Length = 33.5;
Circuit_Height = 4;

//Length offset of the USB plug on the top
Top_Offset = 20;
//Length offset of the USB plug on the bottom
Bottom_Offset = 2;
//Hole diameter for strap... obviously
Strap_Hole = 4.0;

// Which parts would you like to see?
part = "both"; // [top:Top shell only,bottom:Bottom shell only,both:Both shells]

//Press F5 for preview of the STL
//Press F6 for rendering (necessary for STL export)
//Select "File > Export > STL"

/********************** TOP VIEW **********************************

                     Circuit_Width
                      |---------|

                       _________   ___
                      |         |   |
                      |         |   |
                      |         |   |
                      |         |   |
                      |         |   |
                      |         |   | Circuit_Length
                      |         |   |
                      |         |   |
                      |         |   |
               ___    |  _____  |   |
    Top_Offset  |     | |     | |   |
               _|_    |_|     |_|  _|_
                        |[] []|
                        |_____|

********************* BOTTOM VIEW *********************************

                       _________
                      |         |
                      |         |
                      |         |
                      |         |
                      |         |
                      |         |
                      |         |
                      |         |
                      |         |
               ___    |  _____  |
 Bottom_Offset _|_    |_|     |_|
                        |     |
                        |_____|

********************* SIDE VIEW ***********************************/

//CONSTRUCTOR

if (part == "both"){
    Bottom_Shell();
    Top_Shell();
}

if (part == "bottom"){
    Bottom_Shell();
}

if (part == "top"){
    Top_Shell();
}

module myCutout()
{
  depth=1.6;
  centerOffset=8.4+6.35/2;
  d1=6.35+1.5;
  color("pink")
    translate([0, -(centerOffset + Bottom_Offset), -(Circuit_Height/2+depth)])
      cylinder(depth, d1/2, d1/2, $fn=resolution);

  color("pink")
    translate([-3.5/2,-(6+Bottom_Offset+1),-(Circuit_Height/2 + .5)])
      cube([3.5,6,1]);
}

module Bottom_Shell(){
    translate([-(iDia+Part_Offset)/2,0,6])
    {
       difference()
       {
         rotate([0,-90,90])
         difference()
         {
           Make_All();
           translate([0,-oDia/2,0])
           cube([Width/2,oDia,Length+8]);
         }
         //myCutout();

        holeDia=5.0;
        holeDepth=4.0 + 1;
        translate([0,0,+1])
        rotate([0,180,0])
        union()
        {
          color("blue")
          translate([-7.5+2,-52.5+2,0])
          cylinder(holeDepth, holeDia/2, holeDia/2, $fn=resolution);
          color("orange")
          translate([11.5-2,-52.5+2,0])
          cylinder(holeDepth, holeDia/2, holeDia/2, $fn=resolution);
          color("lime")
          translate([13.5-3,-2.2,0])
          cylinder(holeDepth, 3/2, 3/2, $fn=resolution);
          /*
           color("purple")
           translate([-(9-.5),-1.8,0])
           cylinder(holeDepth-2, 2.0/2, 2.0/2, $fn=resolution);
          */
       }
     }
   }
}

module Top_Shell(){
    translate([(iDia+Part_Offset)/2,0,6])
    {
      difference()
      {
        rotate([0,90,-90])
        difference()
        {
          Make_All();
          translate([-Width/2,-oDia/2,0])
          cube([Width/2,oDia,Length+8]);
        }
        //myCutout();
      }

      pinDia=4.7;
      pinHeight=3.5;
      color("blue")
      translate([-7.5+2,-52.5+2,0])
      cylinder(pinHeight, pinDia/2, pinDia/2, $fn=resolution);
      color("orange")
      translate([11.5-2,-52.5+2,0])
      cylinder(pinHeight, pinDia/2, pinDia/2, $fn=resolution);
      color("lime")
      translate([13.5-3,-2.2,0])
      cylinder(pinHeight, 2.7/2, 2.7/2, $fn=resolution);
      /*
        color("purple")
        translate([-(9-.5),-1.8,0])
        cylinder(pinHeight-2, 1.7/2, 1.7/2, $fn=resolution);
      */
    }
}

//Global Variables
resolution = 150;
Length = 55;
Width = 12;
iDia = 19.8;
oDia = 27.3;  //affects overall depth (-.5 because I made wall .5 thicker, -.2 for a little extra margin
Part_Offset = 5;

module Make_All(){
    difference()
    {
        union(){
            Body();
            Teeth();
            Latch();
        }
        Cutout();
    }

}

module Tooth(th){
    intersection()
    {
        cylinder(d=oDia, h=th, $fn = resolution);
        color("blue")
        translate([-Width/2,0,0])
        cube([Width,oDia/2,Length]);

    }

}

module Teeth(){
    Tooth(4.5);
    translate([0,0,10.5])Tooth(4);
    translate([0,0,20.5])Tooth(4);
    translate([0,0,30.5])Tooth(4);
    translate([0,0,40.5])Tooth(14.5);
}

module Body(){
    intersection()
    {
        cylinder(d=iDia, h=Length, $fn = resolution);
        translate([-Width/2,-10,0])cube([Width,iDia,Length]);
    }
}

module Cutout(){
    //Hole through bottom
    PTx = 5.1;
    PTy = 12.3;
    PTz = Bottom_Offset;
    translate([-PTx/2,-PTy/2,0])cube([PTx,PTy,PTz]);

    //Depression for connector
    PBx = 0.55;
    PBy = 12.3;
    PBz = 10;
    PBx_Offset = Circuit_Height/2;
    translate([PBx_Offset,-PBy/2,0])cube([PBx,PBy,PBz]);

    //Circuit
    Cx = Circuit_Height;
    Cy = Circuit_Width;
    Cz = Circuit_Length;
    Cz_Offset = Bottom_Offset;
    translate([-Cx/2,-Cy/2,Cz_Offset])cube([Cx,Cy,Cz]);
}

module Latch(){
    translate([0,0,Length]){
        difference(){
            minkowski(){
                sphere(r=2, $fn=50);
                hull(){
                    translate([-4,0,4])rotate([0,90,0])cylinder(r=2, h=8, $fn=resolution/4);
                    translate([-4,-5,-4])cube([8,10,2]);
                }
            }
            translate([-10,-10,-10])cube([20,20,10]);
            translate([-25,0,4])rotate([0,90,0])cylinder(d=Strap_Hole, h=50, $fn=resolution/8);
        }
    }
}
```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking for a parametric OpenSCAD design for a two-piece clamp. I want to be able to mount things to different sized tubes or railings, like the stainless steel ones on my sailboat.

The clamp should have two halves that bolt together. I need to be able to specify the diameter of the tube or rail it will clamp onto. This will be in inches.

I also want to specify the bolt size, including the bolt diameter, the head diameter, and the head height. I was hoping to have options for a range of standard bolt sizes, from 1/4" to 3/4" but I don't want to have to type in those values myself. I'd like it to be a dropdown or something.

One of the clamp halves should have a recess that acts as a trap for either the nut or bolt head, but this should be optional. So a simple on/off toggle would be great for that.

I'm using a similar design now but it does not allow for easy configuration. I'm hoping that you can make the code easy to modify and maintain. I would prefer it if you used BOSL2 as this is one of the more popular libraries. I don't need it to be a single file, I am happy with multiple .scad files if necessary. Also, I want to be able to define the specific bolt sizes as an array, or some other named structure to make that more maintainable, instead of hard coding these values all over the place.

The clamp halves should be designed to be 3D printed and should print easily without supports. The bolts will be used to secure the two halves together. Could you also provide an estimate of the bolt length required, that will be useful too.

[Assistant]
parametric_rail_clamp.scad:
```
// Parametric rail clamp
// Dan Kelly <ashevar@gmail.com>
//Rail or tube size in inches
rail = 1;   //[0:0.125:4]

//Use nut or bolt head trap on one clamp half
trap = 1;   //[0:No,1:Yes]

//Bolt size
bolt = [6.8,12.9,4.2];   //[[6.8,12.9,4.2]:1/4,[8.5,14.7,5.4]:5/16,[10.1,16.6,6.2]:3/8,[11.8,18.4,7.4]:7/16,[13.5,22,8.2]:1/2,[15.2,23.9,9.5]:9/16,[16.9,27.5,10.3]:5/8,[20.2,33,12.3]:3/4]

/* [Hidden] */
$fn=144;
dia = rail * 25.4 * 1.02;

module clamp(recess){
    difference(){
        cube([dia + bolt[1]*3,bolt[1]*2,dia*.75]);
        translate ([(dia + bolt[1]*3)/2,bolt[1]*5-1,dia*.75]) rotate([90,0,0]) cylinder(d=dia, h=bolt[1]*5);
        translate([bolt[1]*.75,bolt[1],-1]) cylinder(d=bolt[0], h=dia);
        translate([dia+bolt[1]*2.25,bolt[1],-1]) cylinder(d=bolt[0], h=dia);
        if ((recess == 1)&&(trap == 1)) {
            $fn=6;
            translate([bolt[1]*.75,bolt[1],-.001]) cylinder(d=bolt[1], h=bolt[2]+.001);
            translate([dia+bolt[1]*2.25,bolt[1],-.001]) cylinder(d=bolt[1], h=bolt[2]+.001);
        }
    }
}

clamp(0);
translate ([0,bolt[1]*3,0]) clamp(1);
echo("Use bolts at least ", (dia*1.5+bolt[1])/25.4, " inches long plus the thickness of your mounting base");
```


[User]
I'd like to create a customizable luggage tag generator in OpenSCAD. It should allow the user to specify various parameters like size, text, and the presence of a lip.

Here are the details:

**Tag Dimensions:**

*   `tagWidth`: The overall width of the tag.
*   `tagHeight`: The overall height of the tag.
*   `tagDepth`: The thickness of the tag's base.
*   `cornerRadius`: The radius of the rounded corners of the tag.

**Text Properties:**

*   `typeface`: The font family to use (e.g., "Helvetica", "Arial"). It should support all fonts from fonts.google.com.
*   `text_horizonal_alignment`: Align text left or right.
*   `text_position`: Whether the text should be raised (`1`) or inset (`-1`) relative to the tag's surface.
*   `textPadding`: Spacing between the text and the edges of the tag or lip.
*   `line_spacing`: Spacing between each line of text.
*   There should be up to four lines of text, each configurable with:
    *   `line_n_text`: The actual text for line `n`.
    *   `line_n_style`: The font style for line `n` (e.g., "Bold", "Italic").
    *   `line_n_size`: The size of the text for line `n` in millimeters. If set to `0`, the line should not be displayed, and should not affect the vertical positioning of any lines following it, but if a line is skipped, all further lines will be ignored
    *  `line_n_depth`: How much line `n` text should be raised or lowered.

**Tag Hole:**

*  `tagHolePosition`: The position of the tag hole, which should be an integer that determines whether it sticks out from the tag's edge (1) or is within the boundaries of the tag (0).
*   `tagHoleWidth`: The width of the tag hole
*   `tagHoleHeight`: The height of the tag hole.

**Lip (Optional):**

*   `useLip`: A boolean to enable or disable the lip.
*   `lipWidth`: The width of the lip surrounding the tag.
*   `lipDepth`: The thickness of the lip.

The design should use the `MCAD/boxes.scad` library to help construct the base shape of the tag. I'd like to be able to use the `difference()` operation to create cutouts for the text and the tag hole, and I'd like to use the `linear_extrude()` operation to control the depth of the text. I'd also like a top-level module with a `difference()` that combines the various components of the design.

It should also handle multiple colors using the depth settings for the text and lip, so that users can use slicer functions to change filaments between various depths.

[Assistant]
Tag_Generator.scad:
```
use <MCAD/boxes.scad>;

/* http://worknotes.scripting.com/february2012/22612ByDw/listOfGoogleFonts */

// preview[view:south, tilt:top]

/* [Tag Settings] */

// Width of the tag
tagWidth = 75;
// Height of the tag
tagHeight = 45;
// Depth/thickness of the tag
tagDepth=2;
// Radius of the rounded corners of the tag
cornerRadius = 4;

// Typeface to use. See fonts.google.com for options.
typeface = "Helvetica"; //[ABeeZee,Abel,Abril Fatface,Aclonica,Acme,Actor,Adamina,Advent Pro,Aguafina Script,Akronim,Aladin,Aldrich,Alef,Alegreya,Alegreya SC,Alegreya Sans,Alegreya Sans SC,Alex Brush,Alfa Slab One,Alice,Alike,Alike Angular,Allan,Allerta,Allerta Stencil,Allura,Almendra,Almendra Display,Almendra SC,Amarante,Amaranth,Amatic SC,Amethysta,Amiri,Amita,Anaheim,Andada,Andika,Angkor,Annie Use Your Telescope,Anonymous Pro,Antic,Antic Didone,Antic Slab,Anton,Arapey,Arbutus,Arbutus Slab,Architects Daughter,Archivo Black,Archivo Narrow,Arimo,Arizonia,Armata,Artifika,Arvo,Arya,Asap,Asar,Asset,Astloch,Asul,Atomic Age,Aubrey,Audiowide,Autour One,Average,Average Sans,Averia Gruesa Libre,Averia Libre,Averia Sans Libre,Averia Serif Libre,Bad Script,Balthazar,Bangers,Basic,Battambang,Baumans,Bayon,Belgrano,Belleza,BenchNine,Bentham,Berkshire Swash,Bevan,Bigelow Rules,Bigshot One,Bilbo,Bilbo Swash Caps,Biryani,Bitter,Black Ops One,Bokor,Bonbon,Boogaloo,Bowlby One,Bowlby One SC,Brawler,Bree Serif,Bubblegum Sans,Bubbler One,Buda,Buenard,Butcherman,Butterfly Kids,Cabin,Cabin Condensed,Cabin Sketch,Caesar Dressing,Cagliostro,Calligraffitti,Cambay,Cambo,Candal,Cantarell,Cantata One,Cantora One,Capriola,Cardo,Carme,Carrois Gothic,Carrois Gothic SC,Carter One,Catamaran,Caudex,Caveat,Caveat Brush,Cedarville Cursive,Ceviche One,Changa One,Chango,Chau Philomene One,Chela One,Chelsea Market,Chenla,Cherry Cream Soda,Cherry Swash,Chewy,Chicle,Chivo,Chonburi,Cinzel,Cinzel Decorative,Clicker Script,Coda,Coda Caption,Codystar,Combo,Comfortaa,Coming Soon,Concert One,Condiment,Content,Contrail One,Convergence,Cookie,Copse,Corben,Courgette,Cousine,Coustard,Covered By Your Grace,Crafty Girls,Creepster,Crete Round,Crimson Text,Croissant One,Crushed,Cuprum,Cutive,Cutive Mono,Damion,Dancing Script,Dangrek,Dawning of a New Day,Days One,Dekko,Delius,Delius Swash Caps,Delius Unicase,Della Respira,Denk One,Devonshire,Dhurjati,Didact Gothic,Diplomata,Diplomata SC,Domine,Donegal One,Doppio One,Dorsa,Dosis,Dr Sugiyama,Droid Sans,Droid Sans Mono,Droid Serif,Duru Sans,Dynalight,EB Garamond,Eagle Lake,Eater,Economica,Eczar,Ek Mukta,Electrolize,Elsie,Elsie Swash Caps,Emblema One,Emilys Candy,Engagement,Englebert,Enriqueta,Erica One,Esteban,Euphoria Script,Ewert,Exo,Exo 2,Expletus Sans,Fanwood Text,Fascinate,Fascinate Inline,Faster One,Fasthand,Fauna One,Federant,Federo,Felipa,Fenix,Finger Paint,Fira Mono,Fira Sans,Fjalla One,Fjord One,Flamenco,Flavors,Fondamento,Fontdiner Swanky,Forum,Francois One,Freckle Face,Fredericka the Great,Fredoka One,Freehand,Fresca,Frijole,Fruktur,Fugaz One,GFS Didot,GFS Neohellenic,Gabriela,Gafata,Galdeano,Galindo,Gentium Basic,Gentium Book Basic,Geo,Geostar,Geostar Fill,Germania One,Gidugu,Gilda Display,Give You Glory,Glass Antiqua,Glegoo,Gloria Hallelujah,Goblin One,Gochi Hand,Gorditas,Goudy Bookletter 1911,Graduate,Grand Hotel,Gravitas One,Great Vibes,Griffy,Gruppo,Gudea,Gurajada,Habibi,Halant,Hammersmith One,Hanalei,Hanalei Fill,Handlee,Hanuman,Happy Monkey,Headland One,Henny Penny,Herr Von Muellerhoff,Hind,Hind Siliguri,Hind Vadodara,Holtwood One SC,Homemade Apple,Homenaje,IM Fell DW Pica,IM Fell DW Pica SC,IM Fell Double Pica,IM Fell Double Pica SC,IM Fell English,IM Fell English SC,IM Fell French Canon,IM Fell French Canon SC,IM Fell Great Primer,IM Fell Great Primer SC,Iceberg,Iceland,Imprima,Inconsolata,Inder,Indie Flower,Inika,Inknut Antiqua,Irish Grover,Istok Web,Italiana,Italianno,Itim,Jacques Francois,Jacques Francois Shadow,Jaldi,Jim Nightshade,Jockey One,Jolly Lodger,Josefin Sans,Josefin Slab,Joti One,Judson,Julee,Julius Sans One,Junge,Jura,Just Another Hand,Just Me Again Down Here,Kadwa,Kalam,Kameron,Kantumruy,Karla,Karma,Kaushan Script,Kavoon,Kdam Thmor,Keania One,Kelly Slab,Kenia,Khand,Khmer,Khula,Kite One,Knewave,Kotta One,Koulen,Kranky,Kreon,Kristi,Krona One,Kurale,La Belle Aurore,Laila,Lakki Reddy,Lancelot,Lateef,Lato,League Script,Leckerli One,Ledger,Lekton,Lemon,Libre Baskerville,Life Savers,Lilita One,Lily Script One,Limelight,Linden Hill,Lobster,Lobster Two,Londrina Outline,Londrina Shadow,Londrina Sketch,Londrina Solid,Lora,Love Ya Like A Sister,Loved by the King,Lovers Quarrel,Luckiest Guy,Lusitana,Lustria,Macondo,Macondo Swash Caps,Magra,Maiden Orange,Mako,Mallanna,Mandali,Marcellus,Marcellus SC,Marck Script,Margarine,Marko One,Marmelad,Martel,Martel Sans,Marvel,Mate,Mate SC,Maven Pro,McLaren,Meddon,MedievalSharp,Medula One,Megrim,Meie Script,Merienda,Merienda One,Merriweather,Merriweather Sans,Metal,Metal Mania,Metamorphous,Metrophobic,Michroma,Milonga,Miltonian,Miltonian Tattoo,Miniver,Miss Fajardose,Modak,Modern Antiqua,Molengo,Molle,Monda,Monofett,Monoton,Monsieur La Doulaise,Montaga,Montez,Montserrat,Montserrat Alternates,Montserrat Subrayada,Moul,Moulpali,Mountains of Christmas,Mouse Memoirs,Mr Bedfort,Mr Dafoe,Mr De Haviland,Mrs Saint Delafield,Mrs Sheppards,Muli,Mystery Quest,NTR,Neucha,Neuton,New Rocker,News Cycle,Niconne,Nixie One,Nobile,Nokora,Norican,Nosifer,Nothing You Could Do,Noticia Text,Noto Sans,Noto Serif,Nova Cut,Nova Flat,Nova Mono,Nova Oval,Nova Round,Nova Script,Nova Slim,Nova Square,Numans,Nunito,Odor Mean Chey,Offside,Old Standard TT,Oldenburg,Oleo Script,Oleo Script Swash Caps,Open Sans,Open Sans Condensed,Oranienbaum,Orbitron,Oregano,Orienta,Original Surfer,Oswald,Over the Rainbow,Overlock,Overlock SC,Ovo,Oxygen,Oxygen Mono,PT Mono,PT Sans,PT Sans Caption,PT Sans Narrow,PT Serif,PT Serif Caption,Pacifico,Palanquin,Palanquin Dark,Paprika,Parisienne,Passero One,Passion One,Pathway Gothic One,Patrick Hand,Patrick Hand SC,Patua One,Paytone One,Peddana,Peralta,Permanent Marker,Petit Formal Script,Petrona,Philosopher,Piedra,Pinyon Script,Pirata One,Plaster,Play,Playball,Playfair Display,Playfair Display SC,Podkova,Poiret One,Poller One,Poly,Pompiere,Pontano Sans,Poppins,Port Lligat Sans,Port Lligat Slab,Pragati Narrow,Prata,Preahvihear,Press Start 2P,Princess Sofia,Prociono,Prosto One,Puritan,Purple Purse,Quando,Quantico,Quattrocento,Quattrocento Sans,Questrial,Quicksand,Quintessential,Qwigley,Racing Sans One,Radley,Rajdhani,Raleway,Raleway Dots,Ramabhadra,Ramaraja,Rambla,Rammetto One,Ranchers,Rancho,Ranga,Rationale,Ravi Prakash,Redressed,Reenie Beanie,Revalia,Rhodium Libre,Ribeye,Ribeye Marrow,Righteous,Risque,Roboto,Roboto Condensed,Roboto Mono,Roboto Slab,Rochester,Rock Salt,Rokkitt,Romanesco,Ropa Sans,Rosario,Rosarivo,Rouge Script,Rozha One,Rubik,Rubik Mono One,Rubik One,Ruda,Rufina,Ruge Boogie,Ruluko,Rum Raisin,Ruslan Display,Russo One,Ruthie,Rye,Sacramento,Sahitya,Sail,Salsa,Sanchez,Sancreek,Sansita One,Sarala,Sarina,Sarpanch,Satisfy,Scada,Scheherazade,Schoolbell,Seaweed Script,Sevillana,Seymour One,Shadows Into Light,Shadows Into Light Two,Shanti,Share,Share Tech,Share Tech Mono,Shojumaru,Short Stack,Siemreap,Sigmar One,Signika,Signika Negative,Simonetta,Sintony,Sirin Stencil,Six Caps,Skranji,Slabo 13px,Slabo 27px,Slackey,Smokum,Smythe,Sniglet,Snippet,Snowburst One,Sofadi One,Sofia,Sonsie One,Sorts Mill Goudy,Source Code Pro,Source Sans Pro,Source Serif Pro,Special Elite,Spicy Rice,Spinnaker,Spirax,Squada One,Sree Krushnadevaraya,Stalemate,Stalinist One,Stardos Stencil,Stint Ultra Condensed,Stint Ultra Expanded,Stoke,Strait,Sue Ellen Francisco,Sumana,Sunshiney,Supermercado One,Sura,Suranna,Suravaram,Suwannaphum,Swanky and Moo Moo,Syncopate,Tangerine,Taprom,Tauri,Teko,Telex,Tenali Ramakrishna,Tenor Sans,Text Me One,The Girl Next Door,Tienne,Tillana,Timmana,Tinos,Titan One,Titillium Web,Trade Winds,Trocchi,Trochut,Trykker,Tulpen One,Ubuntu,Ubuntu Condensed,Ubuntu Mono,Ultra,Uncial Antiqua,Underdog,Unica One,UnifrakturCook,UnifrakturMaguntia,Unkempt,Unlock,Unna,VT323,Vampiro One,Varela,Varela Round,Vast Shadow,Vesper Libre,Vibur,Vidaloka,Viga,Voces,Volkhov,Vollkorn,Voltaire,Waiting for the Sunrise,Wallpoet,Walter Turncoat,Warnes,Wellfleet,Wendy One,Wire One,Work Sans,Yanone Kaffeesatz,Yantramanav,Yellowtail,Yeseva One,Yesteryear,Zeyada]

// The position of the tag hole -- within the tag or sticking out from it
tagHolePosition = 0; // [0:Inside Lip,1:Outside Lip]
// Width of the tag hole
tagHoleWidth = 15;
// Height of the tag hole
tagHoleHeight = 4;

// Include a lip around the outside of the tag
useLip = true;
// How wide should the lip be?
lipWidth=3;
// How thick should the lip be?
lipDepth = 1;

/* [Tag Text] */
// Left or right align the text on the tag
text_horizonal_alignment="right"; // [left:Left Aligned,right:Right Aligned]

// Should the text be raised or inset from the tag
text_position=1; //[1:Outset,-1:Inset]

// Spacing between the icon, lip or edge of tag and the text.
textPadding=2;
// Spacing between each line of text on the tag
line_spacing=4;

// Text of line 1
line_1_text="Boaty McBoatface";
// Font style. See fonts.google.com for options.
line_1__style="Bold";
// Size of line 1 text, in mm.
line_1_size=5;
// Amount of inset or outset for line 1
line_1_depth=.5;

// Text of line 2
line_2_text="The Atlantic Ocean";
// Font style. See fonts.google.com for options.
line_2_style="";
// Size of line 2 text, in mm. Zero to disable.
line_2_size=3;
// Amount of inset or outset for line 2
line_2_depth=.3;

// Text of line 3
line_3_text="bmcbf@atlanticocean.org";
// Font style. See fonts.google.com for options.
line_3_style="";
// Size of line 3 text, in mm. Zero to disable.
line_3_size=3;
// Amount of inset or outset for line 3
line_3_depth=.3;

// Text of line 4
line_4_text="(555) 555-1212";
// Font style. See fonts.google.com for options.
line_4_style = "";
// Size of line 4 text, in mm. Zero to disable.
line_4_size=3;
// Amount of inset or outset for line 4
line_4_depth=.3;

/* [Hidden] */
fudge = .1;
$fn=24;
textfn=12;
textvalign="center";
iconSpacing = 0;
textColor="black";

difference() {
    if (text_position == 1)
    {
        union() {
            // render the tag
            render_tag();

            // render the text
            render_text();
        }
    } else {
        difference() {
            // render the tag
            render_tag();

            // render the text
            render_text();

        }
    }

    if (tagHolePosition == 0) // inside the tag
    {
        translate([-(tagWidth/2) + lipWidth + tagHoleHeight, 0, 0])
        roundedBox([tagHoleHeight, tagHoleWidth, 50], tagHoleHeight/2, sidesonly=true);
    }

    if (tagHolePosition == 1) // outside the tag
    {
        translate([-(tagWidth/2) - lipWidth - tagHoleHeight/2, 0, 0])
        roundedBox([tagHoleHeight, tagHoleWidth, 50], tagHoleHeight/2, sidesonly=true);
    }
}

module render_text()
{

    // render text

    textHeight = line_1_size + line_2_size + (line_2_size > 0 ? line_spacing : 0) + line_3_size + (line_3_size > 0 ? line_spacing : 0) + line_4_size + (line_4_size > 0 ? line_spacing : 0);

    echo("Text box height: ", textHeight);

    textOrigin = (text_horizonal_alignment=="right" ? tagWidth/2-lipWidth-textPadding : -(tagWidth/2) + iconSpacing + textPadding + lipWidth + (tagHolePosition == 0 ? tagHoleHeight * 2 : 0));

    // line 1
    line_1_y = textHeight/2-line_1_size/2;
    line_1_font = str(typeface,(line_1_style != "" ? str(":style=",line_1_style) : ""));
    echo("line_1_: ", line_1_y, " Font: ",line_1_font);
    translate([textOrigin,line_1_y,tagDepth/2+line_1_depth/2*text_position])
        color(textColor)
            linear_extrude(height=line_1_depth, center=true)
                text($fn=textfn, line_1_text,font=line_1_font, valign=textvalign, halign=text_horizonal_alignment, size=line_1_size);

    // line 2
    if (line_2_size > 0)
    {
        line_2_y = line_1_y-line_1_size-line_spacing;
        line_2_font = str(typeface,(line_2_style != "" ? str(":style=",line_2_style) : ""));
        echo("line_2_: ", line_2_y, " Font: ",line_2_font);
        translate([textOrigin,line_2_y,tagDepth/2+line_2_depth/2*text_position])
            color(textColor)
                linear_extrude(height=line_2_depth, center=true)
                    text($fn=textfn, line_2_text,font=line_2_font, valign=textvalign, halign=text_horizonal_alignment, size=line_2_size);

        // line 3
        if (line_3_size > 0)
        {
            line_3_y = line_2_y-line_2_size-line_spacing;
            line_3_font = str(typeface,(line_3_style != "" ? str(":style=",line_3_style) : ""));
            echo("line_3_: ", line_3_y, " Font: ",line_3_font);
            translate([textOrigin,line_3_y,tagDepth/2+line_3_depth/2*text_position])
                color(textColor)
                    linear_extrude(height=line_3_depth, center=true)
                        text($fn=textfn, line_3_text,font=line_3_font, valign=textvalign, halign=text_horizonal_alignment, size=line_3_size);
            // line 4
            if (line_4_size > 0)
            {
                line_4_y = line_3_y-line_3_size-line_spacing;
                line_4_font = str(typeface,(line_4_style != "" ? str(":style=",line_4_style) : ""));
            echo("line_4_: ", line_4_y, " Font: ",line_4_font);
                translate([textOrigin,line_4_y,tagDepth/2+line_4_depth/2*text_position])
                    color(textColor)
                        linear_extrude(height=line_4_depth, center=true)
                            text($fn=textfn, line_4_text,font=line_4_font, valign=textvalign, halign=text_horizonal_alignment, size=line_4_size);
            }
        }
    }
}

module render_tag()
{
    // the base of the tag
    roundedBox([tagWidth,tagHeight,tagDepth], cornerRadius, true);

    if (tagHolePosition == 1)
    {
        translate([-tagWidth/2, 0,0])
            roundedBox([tagHoleHeight*5, tagHoleWidth+tagHoleHeight*2, tagDepth], tagHoleHeight/2, true);
    }

    // the lip
    if (useLip)
    {

        translate([0,0,tagDepth/2+lipDepth/2])
            difference() {
                roundedBox([tagWidth,tagHeight,lipDepth], cornerRadius, true);
                translate([0,0,0])
                    roundedBox([tagWidth-lipWidth*2,tagHeight-lipWidth*2,lipDepth+fudge], cornerRadius, true);
            }

    }
}

```


[User]
Hi, I'd like to design a flexible watch strap using OpenSCAD. I have some specific requirements for the design.

First, the strap needs to have two end pieces that connect to the watch itself. These end pieces should have a width of 21.8mm, a thickness of 4.7mm, and each should include a centered hole with a 2.5mm diameter for a spring bar.

The main body of the strap should consist of two pairs of wavy lines. The width of each line should be 2.5mm, with a thickness of 2.5mm. The overall width of the strap will be 33mm, and the distance between the two end pieces needs to be 155mm. I'd like 12 full waves in each line, and the two lines in each pair should touch each other slightly; we can control this touch distance with a variable. Also, each pair of wavy lines are set slightly apart from the other pair of wavy lines.

The wavy lines should be created by taking a sine wave (or a modified sine wave like the square root of a sine wave, or square root of a square root of a sine wave), and for each line segment we will take a primitive shape (either a cylinder or, more precisely, a cylinder that has a sphere on top) and rotate it and hull between each point in the line. This hulling process should create the continuous, wavy lines that connect the end pieces.

To make sure the ends are smooth and strong, we can put a cylinder with a 6 sided polygon on its end at the location that connects to the wrist band, and hull that with a cylinder that connects with the wavy lines.

Finally, I'd like the option to add a brim to the design for better adhesion during printing; this brim should extend out by 15mm in the x-direction, 7mm in the y-direction, and be 0.25mm thick. This brim should have a small offset on all edges that allows for easy removal after printing.

I'm looking for a parametric design where all these values are adjustable. It would be really nice to have a variable controlling the mathematical function that shapes the wavy lines too, so I can play with sine, sqrt(sin) and sqrt(sqrt(sin)) functions. Oh and also a "phase" variable for each line, to change how the lines connect. The design needs to be suitable for printing with flexible filaments. I'm thinking the best approach would be to define the function for each line as a separate module, and then do all the necessary transformations and unions.

I'm fine if you can't do the mathematical function selection - if it's too complicated then just stick to the sqrt(sin(x)) - I can edit that later.

Could you help me with that? I would appreciate it.

[Assistant]
watch_strap.scad:
```

//choose a rendering quality

$fa=10;$fs=0.5; step=0.5; //not so slow medium quality
//$fa=3;$fs=0.2; step=0.2; //slow high quality rendering

//measurements in millimeters!

//this controls the end points
width1=21.8; //width of the part connecting to the watch
te=4.7; //thickness of the part connecting to the watch
hole=2.5; //hole diameter

//this controls the size of each line
t=2.5; w=2.5;

//this controls the general size and apperance
length=155; //length between the holes
width2=33; //outer width
waves=12; //number of full waves
lines=2; //number of pairs of wavy lines
touch=0; //controls how they touch

//this fine tunes how the wavy lines are attached to the ends
phase=0.08;

//built in brim function
brimX=15;
brimY=7;
brimZ=0.25;
brimTouch=0.05;

//the basic shape for each line. A plain cylinder would result in a square line, a sphere would result in a round.
module prim()
{
	intersection(){cylinder(d=w+1,h=t); translate([0,0,t/2]) scale([w/t,w/t,1.3])sphere(d=t);}
//	cylinder(d=w,h=t);
//	translate([0,0,t/2])sphere(d=t);
}

//adjust the curviness by selecting one of those functions

//plain sine
//function ms(a) = sin(a);

//square root of sine
function ms(a) = (sin(a)<0)?-sqrt(-sin(a)):sqrt(sin(a));

//square root of square root of sine
//function ms(a) = (sin(a)<0)?-sqrt(sqrt(-sin(a))):sqrt(sqrt(sin(a)));

//*****************************************************
//you probably don't need to adjust anything below this
//*****************************************************

w3=width2/lines;
offs=(width1-width2-w3)/2;

echo(w3);
echo(offs);

//brim
if (brimX>0 && brimY>0 && brimZ>0)
	difference()
	{
		translate([-brimX,-(width2-width1)/2-brimY,0])
			cube([brimX*2+length,brimY*2+width2,brimZ]);
		translate([te,brimTouch-(width2-width1)/2,-1])
			cube([length-te*2,width2-2*brimTouch,brimZ+2]);
	}

difference()
{
    union()
    {
        for (i=[1:lines])
        {
            translate([0,offs+i*w3-w3/4,0])s(length,(w3-touch*w)/4,waves+0.5-2*phase,step);
            translate([0,offs+i*w3+w3/4,0])s(length,-(w3-touch*w)/4,waves+0.5-2*phase,step);
        }

        hull()
        {
            translate([0,0,te/2])rotate([-90,0,0])
                cylinder(d=te,h=width1,$fn=6);
            translate([te,0,t/2])rotate([-90,0,0])
                cylinder(d=t,h=width1);
        }
        hull()
        {
            translate([length,0,te/2])rotate([-90,0,0])
                cylinder(d=te,h=width1,$fn=6);
            translate([length-te,0,t/2])rotate([-90,0,0])
                cylinder(d=t,h=width1);
        }

    }

	translate([0,-1,te/2])rotate([-90,0,0])
		cylinder(d=hole,h=width1+2);
	translate([length,-1,te/2])rotate([-90,0,0])
		cylinder(d=hole,h=width1+2);

}

module s(l,amp,n,step)
{
	for (a=[te-t/2+step:step:l-te+t/2])
	{
		hull()
		{
			translate([(a-step),amp*ms((a-step)*360*n/l+phase*360),0])prim();
			translate([(a),amp*ms((a)*360*n/l+phase*360),0])prim();
		}
	}
}
```