[User]
Hi there,

I'm looking to design a mold for a drop spindle whorl. I've got some specific ideas about how I'd like to parameterize it, and I need your help to generate the OpenSCAD code.

The mold will be made of two parts, a top and a bottom, and I want to be able to easily select which parts to render (just the top, the bottom, or both together) using a `part` variable which can be set to "top", "bottom", or "both". I’ll need to adjust the resolution of the curves, so I’d like to have a `rez` variable set to either "low" or "high" that will control the `$fn` value (128 when set to "low", 32 when set to "high").

The basic shape of the whorl itself will be derived from a sphere, modified to have a sort of rounded, flattened shape. This can be made with a difference of spheres as done in the example code. A `whorl_fn` variable should control the `$fn` value used for the sphere defining the whorl. There will be a central hole running vertically through the center of this whorl. I want to have a couple of reinforcing cylinders around the central bore.

I'd also like to add the option for a luer lock style injection port on the top mold. This should be controlled by a `luer_lock` variable set to "yes" or "no". If it’s set to "yes", then the luer lock port should be added.

I also need inlet and outlet ports for the resin, regardless of the luer lock state. These should be controlled by an `inlet` and `outlet` variable, each set to "yes" or "no". The diameters of the inlet and outlet should be set with `inlet_diameter` and `outlet_diameter` variables, respectively. The inlet should be placed at the top of the mold, and the outlet on the bottom.

The top and bottom mold pieces need to fit together. I have a basic understanding of how to do this, but I'd like to have the top and bottom be mirror images of each other, and to have a slight shell that extends beyond the primary mold shape that allows me to see that they fit properly.

Finally, I would like to be able to highlight specific parts of the model (the Inlet or the Outlet) by passing in a string to the highlight function and comparing it with a `preview_tab` variable. If these match, I will color the region red, using `color("red")` which I will implement. This is to help with understanding the structure of the mold when it is very complex.

Please generate the code for this OpenSCAD mold, using the variables I’ve described. I don’t think I need any external libraries, but please let me know if you think something could be improved by using one.

[Assistant]
mold.scad:
```
// [Global]

part = "bottom"; // [top,bottom,both]
whorl_fn = 32;

// [Inlet]
luer_lock = "no"; // [yes,no]
inlet = "yes"; // [yes,no]
inlet_diameter = 2.5;

// [Outlet]
outlet = "yes"; // [yes,no]
outlet_diameter = 1;

rez = "low"; // [low,high]

$fn= (rez == "high") ? 32 : 128;

preview_tab="";

module highlight(this_tab) {
  if (preview_tab == this_tab) {
    color("red") children(0);
  } else {
    children(0);
  }
}

module whorl(){
    difference() {
        union() {
            difference () {
                // main body
                scale([1,1,.3]) sphere(r=40, $fn=whorl_fn);
                translate([0,0,12]) scale([.8,.8,.2])  sphere(r=40, $fn=whorl_fn);
                translate([0,0,-12]) scale([.8,.8,.2])  sphere(r=40, $fn=whorl_fn);
            }

            // Bore reinforcing cylinder
            translate ([0,0,-10]) cylinder (r=8, h=20);

            // adornments
            translate ([35,0,0]) sphere (r=6);
            translate ([-35,0,0]) sphere (r=6);
            translate ([0,35,0]) sphere (r=6);
            translate ([0,-35,0]) sphere (r=6);

            translate ([24.5,24.5,0]) sphere (r=6);
            translate ([-24.5,-24.5,0]) sphere (r=6);
            translate ([24.5,-24.5,0]) sphere (r=6);
            translate ([-24.5,24.5,0]) sphere (r=6);
        }
        // shaft hole
        translate ([0,0,-20]) cylinder (r=4, h=40);
    }
}

module luer() {
    Rin=0.75;
    Rout=1.25;

    color("orange"){
        // luer connection
        difference(){
            //outside
            union(){
                cylinder(r=Rout,h=10);
                translate([0,0,-5]) cylinder(r1=5.4/2,r2=Rout,h=5);
                translate([0,0,-11]) cylinder(r1=5.6/2,r2=5.4/2,h=6);
                translate([0,0,-11]) cylinder(r=7.5/2,h=1);
            }
            //inside
            translate([0,0,-0.1]) cylinder(r=Rin,h=10.2);
            translate([0,0,-11.1]) cylinder(r1=4.3/2,r2=4.0/2,h=6.1);
            translate([0,0,-5.1]) cylinder(r1=4.0/2,r2=Rin,h=5.2);
            //notches
            translate([5.6/2,-7.5/2,-11.1]) cube([1,7.5,1.2]);
            translate([-5.6/2-1,-7.5/2,-11.1]) cube([1,7.5,1.2]);
        }

    }
}

module shell() {
    difference() {
        union() {
            cylinder(r=45,h=15);
            translate([0,-45,0]) sphere(r=3);
            translate([-45,0,0]) sphere(r=3);
        }
        translate([0,45,0]) sphere(r=3);
        translate([45,0,0]) sphere(r=3);
        difference() {
            cylinder(r=55,h=55,center=true);
            cylinder(r=45,h=56,center=true);
        }
    }
}

module top(){
    difference() {
        union() {
            shell();
            if (luer_lock == "yes") {
                highlight("Inlet") rotate([90,0,-45]) translate([0,0,-45]) luer();
            }
        }
        rotate([0,0,30]) whorl();
        if (inlet == "yes") {
            highlight("Inlet") translate([35,35,0]) rotate([90,0,-45]) cylinder(d=inlet_diameter,h=15);
        }
        if (outlet == "yes") {
            highlight("Outlet") translate([-35,-35,0]) rotate([90,0,135]) cylinder(d=outlet_diameter,h=15);
        }
    }
    if (luer_lock == "yes") {
        difference() {
            highlight("Inlet") rotate([90,0,-45]) translate([0,0,-45]) luer();
            rotate([0,0,30]) whorl();
        }
    }
}

module bottom() {
    difference() {
        rotate([180,0,-90]) shell();
        rotate([0,0,-60]) whorl();
       if (inlet) {
            translate([35,35,0]) rotate([90,0,-45]) cylinder(d=inlet_diameter,h=15);
        }
        if (outlet) {
            translate([-35,-35,0]) rotate([90,0,135]) cylinder(d=outlet_diameter,h=15);
        }
    }
}

if (part == "top") {
    translate([0,0,15]) rotate([180,0,0]) top();
} else if (part == "bottom") {
    translate([0,0,15]) bottom();
} else {
    translate([-50,0,15]) rotate([180,0,0]) top();
    translate([50,0,15]) bottom();
}

```


[User]
Hey there, I'm looking to get a parametric OpenSCAD design for some zip tie mounts. I've got a few ideas in mind, so I'm thinking we might need a couple of modules.

First, I need a base mount. This base should be a sort of octagonal shape with legs that connect to the base from the corners to give it support. The base should have an option for a screw mounting hole in the center, which can be beveled for a countersunk screw or flat. The size of that hole should be customizable based on screw size. It needs to have an overall height setting, as well as separate settings for the base height and a hub height that will hold the zip ties. I'll also need to adjust the width of the base and the zip tie width. The top of the zip tie holder needs to be able to be configured as open or closed. Finally, it will need to output separately from any add-ons.

Next, I'll need a few different fixture add-ons that can snap onto this base. I was thinking a circle, a square, and a pipe fixture. All of these add-ons will need to be able to be output separately from the base, and they should all have a way for zip ties to be passed through them (with the exception of the pipe fixture, which would instead pass around it, though perhaps with the option for a zip tie pass-through). These fixtures will also need to be parametric based on the base dimensions. They need to snap on to the hub in the base.

Can you do that?

Oh, and I'd like to be able to preview all of the parts together, and also be able to view my selected part exploded from the base.

No particular need for any libraries here, it's all pretty standard geometry.

[Assistant]
zipTieMountAndAdOns.scad:
```
// Amy and Brian Palmer 2019. Some Customizer usage ideas from nick finger (http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:1340624)
/* [Zip Tie Down holder ] */
// V2.0 4/11/19 added mounting hole hole
// V2.1 4/12/19 added options for closed/open top, screw sizes, and improved hole bevel placement.
// V2.2 4/12/19 - modified the customizer settingd mostly
// V2.3 Removed scaling feature. That was stupid. Added first circle fixture.

//Choose which part to create.
part = 1; //[ 1:Base, 2: Circle Fixture, 3: Square Fixture, 4: Pipe Fixture]
//Enable to preview all parts together!  KEEP THIS OFF in order to create individual printable parts.
previewMode = 0; //[0:Print Mode, 1:Preview Mode (dont print!)]
// preview[view:south, tilt:top diagonal]
//Select Exploded Mode to view your selected part and the base seperated. Or connected to see how they looked when snapped together.  Only relevant when in Preview Mode.
explodedView = 0; //[0:Exploded View,1:Connected View]
/* [mounting Hole Options] */

mountingHole=1;     // [0:no, 1:helz ya!]
screwSize=1;        // [0:small,1:medium,2:large]
screwType=1;        // [1:beveled,0:flat]
screwBevelAngle=90; // [50:degrees,90:90 degrees,80:80 degrees,100:100 degrees]

/* [Even More Options] */
// Always open when Mounting Hole option is Yes.
openORClosedTop=0;  // [1:open, 0:closed]
// Width of zip tie plus a little clearance.
zipTieWidth=5;     // [1:40]
// Width of the base mounting pad.
baseWidth=25;       // [5:100]

// Overall Height of mount
overallHeight=8.6;       // [3:90]
// Height of the zip tie plus a little clearance.
zipTieHeight=3;    // [0:80]
// Thickness of base mounting pad.
baseHeight=2;       // [1:88]

/* [Hidden] */
$fn=100;

bw=baseWidth;
bHeight=baseHeight;
ztWidth=zipTieWidth;
oHeight=overallHeight;
ztHeight=zipTieHeight;
//ztHeightAdj= ztHeight < oHeight-bHeight ?  c:oHeight-bHeight-1;
ztHeightAdj = ztHeight;

// apply contraints
oHeightAdj = oHeight < ztHeightAdj + bHeight ? ztHeightAdj + bHeight + 4: oHeight;
bHeightAdj = bHeight < ztHeight + 4 ? bHeight : ztHeight + 4;

hubHeight=oHeightAdj-(ztHeightAdj+bHeight);
lHeight=oHeightAdj-bHeight;

totalHeight = bHeight+lHeight;
hHeight = hubHeight > totalHeight ? totalHeight : hubHeight;
// hole settings
scrwHeadDiam  = screwSize==0 ? 4 : screwSize==1 ? 8 : 10;
scrwShaftDiam = screwSize==0 ? 2 : screwSize==1 ? 4 : 5;
screwHeadDiam = scrwHeadDiam;
screwShaftDiam = scrwShaftDiam;
holeBevelAngle = screwBevelAngle/2;

// go Amy go
octDiam = (1 + sqrt(2))*ztWidth;
bWidth = bw < octDiam ? octDiam : bw;
legLen = (sqrt(2)*bWidth-octDiam)/2;
hypotenuse = sqrt(pow((ztWidth/2),2)+pow(legLen,2));
rotateAngle = asin((ztWidth/2)/hypotenuse);
holeDiam = screwHeadDiam > octDiam ? octDiam : screwHeadDiam;
holeBevelConeHeight = tan(holeBevelAngle)*(holeDiam/2);

main();

module main(){

    if(previewMode == 1){
		generate_preview();
	} else { //PRINT MODE!

		// Base section
		if (part == 1){
            make_base();
        } else {
        rotate([180,0,0]){
            make_Fixture();
        }
        }
    }

}

module make_Fixture() {
    // Circle Fixture
    if (part == 2){
        make_circleFixture(octDiam, hHeight, bWidth);
    }

    // Square Fixture
    if (part == 3){
        make_SquareFixture(octDiam, hHeight, bWidth);
    }

    // Pipe Fixture
    if (part == 4){
        make_PipeFixture(octDiam, hHeight, bWidth);
    }
}

module generate_preview() {
    make_base();
    zAdj = explodedView == 0 ? totalHeight + 10 : totalHeight;
    translate([0,0,zAdj]) {
        rotate([180,0,0]){
            make_Fixture();
        }
    }
}

module make_base(){
    // base
    rotate(45)
    {
        difference()
        {
            // base
            cube([bWidth,bWidth,bHeight], true);

            // mounting hole
            union() {
                if (mountingHole == 1)
                {
                    // screw hole
                    cylinder(h=bHeight, d1=screwShaftDiam, d2=screwShaftDiam, center=true);
                    if (screwType==1) { // beveled
                        // move to bottom of base and up a tad
                        n=holeBevelConeHeight*.65;
                        centerOfHoleBevelHole=-((bHeight/2)+(holeBevelConeHeight/2)-(n));
                        translate([0,0,centerOfHoleBevelHole])
                        {
                            cylinder(h=holeBevelConeHeight, d1=0, d2=holeDiam, center=true);
                        }

                        translate([0,0,n])
                        {
                            // access hole
                            cylinder(h=bHeight, d1=holeDiam, d2=holeDiam, center=true);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // hub
    translate([0,0,(bHeight/2) + lHeight - (hHeight/2)])
    {
        difference()
        {
            octogon(octDiam, hHeight);
            if (mountingHole == 1 || openORClosedTop == 1)
            {
                octogon(octDiam-(octDiam*.20), hHeight);
            }
        }
    }

    // make 4 legs
    for (a =[1:4])
        {
            rotate(90*a) {
            leg(ztWidth);
        }
    }
}

module leg(width) {
    hull()
    {
       legSide(width-.099,rotateAngle);
       legSide(-width+.099,-rotateAngle);
//       legSide(width,rotateAngle);
//       legSide(-width,-rotateAngle);
    }
}

module legSide(hw,ra) {
    translate([hw/2,octDiam/2,bHeight/2]) {
        rotate(ra) {
            createBrace(lHeight,hypotenuse,.1);
        }
    }
}

module createBrace(height, width, thickness) {
    triangle = [[0, 0],[height, 0],[0, width]];
    rotate([0,-90,0])
    {
        linear_extrude(height = thickness, center = true, convexity = 10, twist = 0, slices = 1, scale = 1, $fn = 20)
        {
            polygon(triangle);
        }

    }
}

module octogon(diameter, height) {

    difference()
    {
         cube([diameter,diameter,height], true);
         difference()
         {
            cube([diameter,diameter,height], true);
            rotate(45)
            {
                cube([diameter,diameter,height], true);
            }
        }
    }
}

module make_circleFixture(diam, height, baseDiam) {
    partClearance=.01;
    plateHeight=2;

    difference() {
        // plate
        cylinder(h=plateHeight, d1=baseDiam, d2=baseDiam, center=true);
        rotate(45){
        zipTieHoles();
        }
    }

    // stem
    translate([0,0, (height/2)+(plateHeight/2)]) {
        octogon(diam-(diam*(.20 + partClearance)), height);
    }
}

module make_SquareFixture(diam, height, baseDiam) {
    heightAdj = height < 4 ? height : 4;
    partClearance=.01;
    plateHeight=2;
    holeOffset=octDiam/2+ztHeight/2;
    plateDiam=(octDiam+ztHeight)*1.8;

    rotate(45) {
        difference() {
            // base plate
            cube([plateDiam,plateDiam,plateHeight], true);
            union() {
                zipTieHoles();
                rotate(90) {
                    zipTieHoles();
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // stem;
    translate([0,0, (heightAdj/2)+(plateHeight/2)]) {
        octogon(diam-(diam*(.20 + partClearance)), heightAdj);
    }
}

module make_PipeFixture(diam, height, baseDiam) {
    heightAdj = height < 4 ? height : 4;
    partClearance=.01;
    plateHeight=2;
    holeOffset=octDiam/2+ztHeight/2;
    plateDiam=(octDiam+ztHeight)*1.8;

    rotate(45) {
        difference() {
            // base plate
            cube([plateDiam,plateDiam,plateHeight], true);
            union() {
                zipTieHoles();
            }
        }
        translate([0,0,-(plateHeight/2)-2.5]) {
            difference() {
                cube([15,plateDiam,5], true);
                translate([0,0,-8]) {
                    rotate([90,90]){
                        cylinder(h=100, d1=18, d2=18, center=true);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }

    // stem;
    translate([0,0, (heightAdj/2)+(plateHeight/2)]) {
        octogon(diam-(diam*(.20 + partClearance)), heightAdj);
    }
}

module zipTieHoles() {
    // zip tie holes
    union(){
        holeOffsetOffset=2; // to allow room fo ziptie to bend around corner
        holeOffset=(octDiam/2+ztHeight/2)+holeOffsetOffset;
        translate([holeOffset,0,0]) {
          cube([ztHeight,ztWidth,10], true);
        }
        translate([-holeOffset,0,0]) {
          cube([ztHeight,ztWidth,2], true);
        }
    }
}
```


[User]
Hi, I'm looking for an OpenSCAD design for a compound planetary gearbox that I can 3D print. I've seen a few of these online, but I need one with specific features and I'd like it to be parametric. It should use the MCAD library for the involute gears.

The basic idea is a two-stage planetary gear system where the outer ring gear is the input, and two sun gears are the outputs. One of these sun gears will be fixed to a potentiometer shaft, and the other will be connected to a dial. I'd like the sun gears to be separated by a small gap and have different tooth counts. The first sun gear should have a hole for the potentiometer shaft.

The design should allow for adjustment of things like the gear heights (separate values for input and output), the number of teeth on the sun, planet, and ring gears, the shaft diameter, the overall outer diameter of the mechanism, the planet gear count, the twist across the herringbone gears, gear depth, clearance, and pressure angle. It should also allow for a rim that connects the inner gears, a shaft hole for the potentiometer, and a knob diameter for the other sun gear.

I would like to also specify the layer height to have the correct gap, some cosmetic chamfers, and the option to print the potentiometer sun gear separately to avoid alignment issues. A couple of settings to control resolution would be useful too, as well as an option to choose a helical gear rather than herringbone, to allow the threaded potentiometer sun gear to be easily removed for assembly.

I need to be able to choose the number of teeth to twist across (a separate value for the threaded output), and the overall height of each planetary layer. I'd like to control the wall thickness of the ring relative to the pitch radius. I want the code to issue a warning if the planet spacing is not even or the rings are not synchronized.

[Assistant]
GearedPotDial.scad:
```
// OpenSCAD Compound Planetary System
// (c) 2019, tmackay
//
// Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-SA 4.0) license, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0.
//include <MCAD/involute_gears.scad>

// Height of planetary layers (drive stage)
gear_h = 10; //[5:0.5:100]
// Height of planetary layers (output stage)
gear_h2 = 5; //[5:0.5:200]
// extra shaft for potentiometer thread gear
extra_shaft = 0; //[0:0.25:10]

// Number of teeth in sun gears
drive_t = 10; //[6:1:20]
drive_t2 = 11; //[6:1:20]

// Number of teeth in inner planet gears
planet_t = 4; //[2:1:20]
planet_t2 = 5; //[2:1:20]
// Number of teeth in ring gears
ring_t1 = 20; //[10:1:90]
ring_t2 = 25; //[10:1:90]
// Shaft diameter
shaft_d = 0; //[0:0.1:25]
// secondary shafts (for larger sun gears)
shafts = 0; //[0:1:12]
// Outer diameter
outer_d = 30; //[20:200]
// Outer teeth
outer_t = 0; //[0:1:24]
// Width of outer teeth
outer_w=3; //[0:0.1:10]
// Ring wall thickness (relative pitch radius)
wall = 2.85; //[0:0.1:20]
// Number of planet gears in inner circle
planets = 6; //[3:1:21]
// number of teeth to twist across
nTwist=1; //[0:0.5:5]
// number of teeth to twist across (threaded/fixed shaft layer)
nTwist2=-0.5; //[0:0.5:5]
// Gear depth ratio
depth_ratio=0.4; //[0:0.05:1]
// Gear clearance
tol=0.2; //[0:0.01:0.5]
// pressure angle
P=45; //[30:60]
// Layer height (for ring horizontal split)
layer_h = 0.2; //[0:0.01:1]
// Rim connecting inner gears
rim = 1; //[0:0.01:5]
// Potentiometer mounting shaft hole (interchange shaft and knob for 3 layered) M8x0.75 = 7.25mm tap drill
pot_shaft = 6.50; //[0:0.05:10]
// Potentiometer knob internal diameter
pot_knob = 6.00; //[0:0.05:10]
// Chamfer exposed gears, top - watch fingers
ChamferGearsTop = 0;				// [1:No, 0.5:Yes, 0:Half]
// Chamfer exposed gears, bottom - help with elephant's foot/tolerance
ChamferGearsBottom = 0;				// [1:No, 0.5:Yes, 0:Half]
// Chamfer top
ChamferTop = 0;				// [0:No, 1:Yes]
// Chamfer bottom (as printed)
ChamferBottom = 1;				// [0:No, 1:Yes]
//Print separate a sun gear (if not using redundant herringbone)
SeparateSun = 1;				// [1:Yes , 0:No]
// Curve resolution settings, minimum angle
$fa = 5/1;
// Curve resolution settings, minimum size
$fs = 1/1;
// Helical gear instead of herringbone for upper layer, allows threaded sun gear to be removed for assembly
Helical = -1;				// [-1:Yes, 1:No]
mir = 1/1;

// Calculate cp based on desired ring wall thickness
cp=(outer_d/2-wall)*360/(drive_t+2*planet_t);

if ((drive_t+ring_t1)%planets)
{
    echo(str("Warning: For even spacing, planets must divide ", drive_t+ring_t1));
}
if ((drive_t2+ring_t2)%planets)
{
    echo(str("Warning: For even spacing (2), planets must divide ", drive_t2+ring_t2));
}

if ((planet_t*ring_t2-planet_t2*ring_t1))
{
    echo(str("Warning: P1*R2 (",planet_t*ring_t2,") must equal P2*R1 (",planet_t2*ring_t1,") for synchronous rings"));
}
// Choose S1, S2, P1, P2, R1, R2, P such that:
// (S1+R1)%P=0 for even spacing
// (S2+R2)%P=0 for even spacing
// P1*R2=P2*R1 for synchronous rings
// R1=~S1+2*P1 for planetary meshing
// R2=~S2+2*P2 for planetary meshing
// Rather than iterating over all ring gears, start with ideal and add/remove teeth over a smaller range

// Choose S1, S2, P1, E1, E2
// Given P1*R2=P2*R1, find P2
// Also: R1=S1+2*P1+E1
//       R2=S2+2*P2+E2

//P1/(S1+2*P1+E1)=P2/(S2+2*P2+E2)
//P1*(S2+2*P2+E2)=P2*(S1+2*P1+E1)
//P2=P1*(S2+E2)/(S1+E1) {filter integers}
//=ArrayFormula(D2:D*(C2:C+F2:F)/(B2:B+E2:E))

// Gear ratio (relative) is determined by:
// (S1/P1)/(S2/P2) = S1*P2/S2/P1
// =ArrayFormula(A2:A*F2:F/B2:B/C2:C)

// (R+S)*wc=R*wr+S*ws
// Primary stage: fixed sun (ws=0), input on ring (wr)
// wr/(1+S1/R1)=wc
// Secondary stage:
// wr*((R2+S2)/(1+S1/R1)-R2)/S2=ws

// 1:S2/((R2+S2)/(1+S1/R1)-R2)
// 1:S2*(S1+R1)/(R1*S2-S1*R2)
// 'all combinations'!H3:H*'all combinations'!C3:C<>'all combinations'!B3:B*'all combinations'!I3:I

echo(str("Gear ratio ring to output sun: 1:", drive_t2*(drive_t+ring_t1)/(ring_t1*drive_t2-drive_t*ring_t2)));

if (drive_t + 2*planet_t != ring_t1) {
    echo(str("Teeth fewer than ideal (ring1): ", drive_t+2*planet_t-ring_t1));
}
if (drive_t2 + 2*planet_t2 != ring_t2) {
    echo(str("Teeth fewer than ideal (ring2): ", drive_t2+2*planet_t2-ring_t2));
}

// what ring should be for teeth to mesh without additional scaling
ring_t1_n = drive_t+2*planet_t;
ring_t2_n = drive_t2+2*planet_t2;

// Coincident planet offsets
cp2=(drive_t+planet_t)*cp/(drive_t2+planet_t2);

// Tolerances for geometry connections.
AT=0.02;
ST=AT*2;
TT=AT/2;

helix_angle=atan(PI*nTwist*cp/90/gear_h);
helix_angle2=atan(PI*nTwist2*cp2/90/gear_h2);

// cap
translate([outer_d+10,0,0]){
    difference(){
        union(){
            cylinder(r1=outer_d/2,r2=outer_d/2,h=1);
            cylinder(d=pot_knob-0.5,h=3);
        }
        if(ChamferBottom)rotate_extrude()translate([outer_d/2,0,0])circle(r=2, $fn=4);
        translate([0,0,-TT])scale([1,0.2,1])difference(){
            cylinder(d=0.8*outer_d,h=layer_h*2,$fn=3);
            translate([-0.4*outer_d/4,0,0])scale([0.6,1,1])cylinder(d=0.8*outer_d,h=layer_h*2,$fn=3);
        }
    }
}

// center gears
rotate([0,0,180/drive_t*(1-planet_t%2)])intersection(){
    drivegear(t1=drive_t,bore=pot_knob,rot=180/drive_t*(1-planet_t%2));
    if(ChamferGearsBottom<1)rotate(90/planet_t)
        linear_extrude(height=gear_h,scale=1+gear_h/(drive_t*cp/360)*sqrt(3),slices=1)
            circle($fn=drive_t*2,r=drive_t*cp/360-ChamferGearsBottom*min(cp/(2*tan(P))+tol,depth_ratio*cp*PI/180+tol));
}
translate([SeparateSun?-outer_d:0,0,SeparateSun?0:gear_h-TT])intersection(){
    rotate([0,0,180/drive_t2*(1-planet_t2%2)])
        drivegear(t1=drive_t2,bore=pot_shaft,cp=cp2,helix_angle=helix_angle2,gear_h=gear_h2+extra_shaft,rot=180/drive_t2*(1-planet_t2%2),mir=Helical);
    rotate([0,0,180/drive_t*(1-planet_t%2)])difference(){
        linear_extrude(height=gear_h2+extra_shaft,scale=1+(gear_h2+extra_shaft)/(drive_t*cp/360)*sqrt(3),slices=1)
            circle($fn=drive_t*2,r=drive_t*cp/360-0.5*min(cp/(2*tan(P))+tol,depth_ratio*cp*PI/180+tol));
        cylinder($fn=drive_t*2,r2=0,r1=drive_t*cp/360-0.5*min(cp/(2*tan(P))+tol,depth_ratio*cp*PI/180+tol)-rim,h=(drive_t*cp/360-0.5*min(cp/(2*tan(P))+tol,depth_ratio*cp*PI/180+tol)-rim)/sqrt(3));
    }
    translate([-outer_d,-outer_d,layer_h+TT])cube([2*outer_d,2*outer_d,gear_h2+extra_shaft]);
    if(ChamferGearsTop<1)translate([0,0,gear_h2+extra_shaft])rotate(90/drive_t2)mirror([0,0,1])
        linear_extrude(height=gear_h2+extra_shaft,scale=1+(gear_h2+extra_shaft)/(drive_t2*cp2/360)*sqrt(3),slices=1)
            circle($fn=drive_t2*2,r=drive_t2*cp2/360-ChamferGearsTop*min(cp2/(2*tan(P))+tol,depth_ratio*cp2*PI/180+tol));
}

// planets
planets(t1=planet_t, t2=drive_t,offset=(drive_t+planet_t)*cp/360,n=planets,t=ring_t1+drive_t)
    intersection(){
        planetgear(t1 = planet_t, bore=shaft_d);
        if(ChamferGearsBottom<1)rotate(90/planet_t)
            linear_extrude(height=gear_h,scale=1+gear_h/(planet_t*cp/360)*sqrt(3),slices=1)
                circle($fn=planet_t*2,r=planet_t*cp/360-ChamferGearsBottom*min(cp/(2*tan(P))+tol,depth_ratio*cp*PI/180+tol));
    }

translate([0,0,gear_h-TT])intersection(){
    planets(t1=planet_t2, t2=drive_t2,offset=(drive_t2+planet_t2)*cp2/360,n=planets,t=ring_t2+drive_t2)
        intersection(){
            planetgear(t1 = planet_t2, bore=shaft_d,cp=cp2,helix_angle=helix_angle2,gear_h=gear_h2,mir=Helical);
            if(ChamferGearsTop<1)translate([0,0,gear_h2])rotate(90/planet_t2)mirror([0,0,1])
                linear_extrude(height=gear_h2,scale=1+gear_h2/(planet_t2*cp2/360)*sqrt(3),slices=1)
                    circle($fn=planet_t2*2,r=planet_t2*cp2/360-ChamferGearsTop*min(cp2/(2*tan(P))+tol,depth_ratio*cp2*PI/180+tol));
        }
    planets(t1=planet_t, t2=drive_t,offset=(drive_t+planet_t)*cp/360,n=planets,t=ring_t1+drive_t)
        linear_extrude(height=gear_h2,scale=1+gear_h2/(planet_t*cp/360)*sqrt(3),slices=1)
            gear2D(planet_t,cp*PI/180,P,depth_ratio,tol);
}

// rings
s1=ring_t1_n/ring_t1;
s2=ring_t2_n/ring_t2;

ha1=atan(PI*nTwist*s1*cp/90/gear_h); // not sure about this, seems close enough.
ha2=atan(PI*nTwist2*s2*cp2/90/gear_h2);

difference(){
    gearcase(t1=ring_t1,bore=outer_d/2,cp=s1*cp,helix_angle=ha1);
    if(ChamferBottom)rotate_extrude()translate([outer_d/2,0,0])circle(r=1, $fn=4);
    if(ChamferGearsBottom<1)translate([0,0,-TT])
        linear_extrude(height=(ring_t1*s1*cp/360)/sqrt(3),scale=0,slices=1)
            if(ChamferGearsTop>0)
                hull()gear2D(ring_t1,s1*cp*PI/180,P,depth_ratio,-tol);
            else
                circle($fn=ring_t1*2,r=ring_t1*s1*cp/360);
}
translate([0,0,gear_h-TT])difference(){
    gearcase(t1=ring_t2,bore=outer_d/2,cp=s2*cp2,helix_angle=ha2,gear_h=gear_h2,mir=Helical);
    linear_extrude(height=(ring_t1*s1*cp/360)/sqrt(3),scale=0,slices=1)
        gear2D(ring_t1,s1*cp*PI/180,P,depth_ratio,-tol);
    //translate([-outer_d,-outer_d,-TT])cube([2*outer_d,2*outer_d,layer_h+AT]);
    if(ChamferTop)translate([0,0,gear_h2+TT])rotate_extrude()translate([outer_d/2,0,0])circle(r=1, $fn=4);
    if(ChamferGearsTop<1)translate([0,0,gear_h2+AT])mirror([0,0,1])
        linear_extrude(height=(ring_t2*s2*cp2/360)/sqrt(3),scale=0,slices=1)
            if(ChamferGearsTop>0)
                hull()gear2D(ring_t2,s2*cp2*PI/180,P,depth_ratio,-tol);
            else
                circle($fn=ring_t2*2,r=ring_t2*s2*cp2/360);
}

// Drive gear with slot
module drivegear(t1=13,reverse=false,bore=2*cos(P)*13*cp/360-wall,rot=0)
{
    planetgear(t1,!reverse,bore,cp=cp,helix_angle=helix_angle,gear_h=gear_h,rot=rot,mir=mir);
}

// reversible herringbone gear with bore hole
module planetgear(t1=13,reverse=false,bore=0,rot=0)
{
    difference()
    {
        translate([0,0,gear_h/2])
        if (reverse) {
            mirror([0,1,0])
                herringbone(t1,PI*cp/180,P,depth_ratio,tol,helix_angle,gear_h,mir=mir);
        } else {
            herringbone(t1,PI*cp/180,P,depth_ratio,tol,helix_angle,gear_h,mir=mir);
        }

        translate([0,0,-TT]){
            rotate([0,0,-rot])
                cylinder(d=bore, h=2*gear_h+AT);
            // Extra speed holes, for strength
            if(shafts>0 && bore>0 && bore/4+(t1-2*tan(P))*cp/720>bore*1.2)
                for(i = [0:360/shafts:360-360/shafts])rotate([0,0,i-rot])
                    translate([bore/4+(t1-2*tan(P))*cp/720,0,-AT])
                        cylinder(d=bore,h=2*gear_h+AT);
        }
    }
}

// Space out planet gears approximately equally
module planets()
{
    for(i = [0:n-1])
    rotate([0,0,round(i*t/n)*360/t])
        translate([offset,0,0]) rotate([0,0,round(i*t/n)*360/t*t2/t1])
            children();
}

module gearcase(t1=13,teethtwist=1,bore=18*cp/360)
{
    difference() {
        cylinder(r=bore,h=gear_h);
        translate([0,0,-TT])planetgear(t1=t1,gear_h=gear_h+AT,tol=-tol,helix_angle=helix_angle,cp=cp,depth_ratio=depth_ratio,P=P,mir=mir);
	}
            // outer notches
        if(outer_t>0)for(i = [0:360/outer_t:360-360/outer_t])rotate([0,0,i])
            translate([outer_d/2,0,-AT])rotate([0,0,45])
                cylinder(d=outer_w,h=gear_h+AT,$fn=4);

}

// Herringbone gear code, taken from:
// Planetary gear bearing (customizable)
// https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:138222
// Captive Planetary Gear Set: parametric. by terrym is licensed under the Creative Commons - Attribution - Share Alike license.
module herringbone(
	number_of_teeth=15,
	circular_pitch=10,
	pressure_angle=28,
	depth_ratio=1,
	clearance=0,
	helix_angle=0,
	gear_thickness=5,
    mir=1){
union(){
    translate([0,0,-TT])
	gear(number_of_teeth,
		circular_pitch,
		pressure_angle,
		depth_ratio,
		clearance,
		helix_angle,
		gear_thickness/2+TT);
	mirror([0,0,1])
    translate([0,0,-TT])
		gear(number_of_teeth,
			circular_pitch,
			pressure_angle,
			depth_ratio,
			clearance,
			mir*helix_angle,
			gear_thickness/2+TT);
}}

module gear (
	number_of_teeth=15,
	circular_pitch=10,
	pressure_angle=28,
	depth_ratio=1,
	clearance=0,
	helix_angle=0,
	gear_thickness=5,
	flat=false){
pitch_radius = number_of_teeth*circular_pitch/(2*PI);
twist=tan(helix_angle)*gear_thickness/pitch_radius*180/PI;

flat_extrude(h=gear_thickness,twist=twist,flat=flat)
	gear2D (
		number_of_teeth,
		circular_pitch,
		pressure_angle,
		depth_ratio,
		clearance);
}

module flat_extrude(h,twist,flat){
	if(flat==false)
		linear_extrude(height=h,twist=twist,slices=6)children(0);
	else
		children(0);
}

module gear2D (
	number_of_teeth,
	circular_pitch,
	pressure_angle,
	depth_ratio,
	clearance){
pitch_radius = number_of_teeth*circular_pitch/(2*PI);
base_radius = pitch_radius*cos(pressure_angle);
depth=circular_pitch/(2*tan(pressure_angle));
outer_radius = clearance<0 ? pitch_radius+depth/2-clearance : pitch_radius+depth/2;
root_radius1 = pitch_radius-depth/2-clearance/2;
root_radius = (clearance<0 && root_radius1<base_radius) ? base_radius : root_radius1;
backlash_angle = clearance/(pitch_radius*cos(pressure_angle)) * 180 / PI;
half_thick_angle = 90/number_of_teeth - backlash_angle/2;
pitch_point = involute (base_radius, involute_intersect_angle (base_radius, pitch_radius));
pitch_angle = atan2 (pitch_point[1], pitch_point[0]);
min_radius = max (base_radius,root_radius);

intersection(){
	rotate(90/number_of_teeth)
		circle($fn=number_of_teeth*3,r=pitch_radius+depth_ratio*circular_pitch/2-clearance/2);
	union(){
		rotate(90/number_of_teeth)
			circle($fn=number_of_teeth*2,r=max(root_radius,pitch_radius-depth_ratio*circular_pitch/2-clearance/2));
		for (i = [1:number_of_teeth])rotate(i*360/number_of_teeth){
			halftooth (
				pitch_angle,
				base_radius,
				min_radius,
				outer_radius,
				half_thick_angle);
			mirror([0,1])halftooth (
				pitch_angle,
				base_radius,
				min_radius,
				outer_radius,
				half_thick_angle);
		}
	}
}}

module halftooth (
	pitch_angle,
	base_radius,
	min_radius,
	outer_radius,
	half_thick_angle){
index=[0,1,2,3,4,5];
start_angle = max(involute_intersect_angle (base_radius, min_radius)-5,0);
stop_angle = involute_intersect_angle (base_radius, outer_radius);
angle=index*(stop_angle-start_angle)/index[len(index)-1];
p=[[0,0], // The more of these the smoother the involute shape of the teeth.
	involute(base_radius,angle[0]+start_angle),
	involute(base_radius,angle[1]+start_angle),
	involute(base_radius,angle[2]+start_angle),
	involute(base_radius,angle[3]+start_angle),
	involute(base_radius,angle[4]+start_angle),
	involute(base_radius,angle[5]+start_angle)];

difference(){
	rotate(-pitch_angle-half_thick_angle)polygon(points=p);
	square(2*outer_radius);
}}

// Mathematical Functions
//===============

// Finds the angle of the involute about the base radius at the given distance (radius) from it's center.
//source: http://www.mathhelpforum.com/math-help/geometry/136011-circle-involute-solving-y-any-given-x.html

function involute_intersect_angle (base_radius, radius) = sqrt (pow (radius/base_radius, 2) - 1) * 180 / PI;

// Calculate the involute position for a given base radius and involute angle.

function involute (base_radius, involute_angle) =
[
	base_radius*(cos (involute_angle) + involute_angle*PI/180*sin (involute_angle)),
	base_radius*(sin (involute_angle) - involute_angle*PI/180*cos (involute_angle))
];
```


[User]
Hey! I'm looking to create a parametric teabag dispenser in OpenSCAD. I want to be able to easily adjust the size, wall thickness, and some other key features.

Here's what I have in mind:

**Overall Structure:**

*   It should be a box-like structure with an open top and a floor.
*   The main body should have adjustable x, y, and z dimensions (length, width, and height).
*   The walls and floor should have a thickness that I can set as a parameter.
*   There will be an opening at the front near the bottom to pull out teabags. This opening will be a kind of slot that extends outwards a bit.

**Specific Parameters:**

*   `dispenser_x`: The length of the dispenser.
*   `dispenser_y`: The width of the dispenser.
*   `dispenser_z`: The height of the dispenser.
*   `wall_thickness`: The thickness of the walls and floor.
*   `enterance_thickness`: The thickness of the 'pull-out' part of the teabag slot.
*   `cutout_overlap_size`: The amount the front cutout overlaps into the rest of the box - this will help ensure a clean cut.

**Detailed Design:**

1.  **Walls:** The main walls should be created by extruding a rectangle. Then, the "pull out" part of the opening should be cut out from the front of the box. The cutting shape should overlap into the main body of the box by `cutout_overlap_size`.

2.  **Pull-out Opening:** The pull-out section needs to extend outwards a bit from the main body of the dispenser and have a rounded top and have `enterance_thickness` as its thickness. The width of this opening should be the same as the main body less the wall thickness on both sides.

3.  **Floor:** A simple rectangular base should be added with adjustable thickness. There should also be a circular cutout in the base, near the front, to push the teabags out. The cutout should extend slightly out of the base with the `cutout_overlap_size` parameter.

4.  **Parametric Design:** All the dimensions above (`dispenser_x`, `dispenser_y`, `dispenser_z`, `wall_thickness`, `enterance_thickness`, `cutout_overlap_size`) should be exposed as parameters at the top of the file.

I'm not sure of the best way to do the rounded top for the pull-out opening, but it should be smooth and easy to print.

Could you generate a full OpenSCAD file (or files if you think it needs to be broken into modules) for this design? I'm not using any external libraries for this project, but it would be helpful if the generated file(s) could be easily modified.

[Assistant]
teabag_dispenser.scad:
```
dispenser_x = 70;
dispenser_y = 82;
dispsnser_z = 150;
wall_thickness = 1;
enterance_thickness = 5;

cutout_overlap_size = 4;

teabag_dispenser(dispenser_x, dispenser_y, dispsnser_z, wall_thickness, enterance_thickness, cutout_overlap_size);

module teabag_dispenser(x, y, z, thick, enter_thick, cutout) {
    module frame(thickness) {
        difference() {
            children();
            offset(r = -thickness) children();
        }
    }

    translate([0, 0, thick]) union() {
        // walls
        difference() {
            linear_extrude(z, 0)
                frame(thick)
                square([x, y], center = true);

            // front part
            translate([-x / 4, -y / 2 - cutout / 2, -cutout / 2])
                cube([x / 2, thick + cutout, z + cutout]);

            // pull out part
            translate([-x / 2 + thick, -y / 2 - cutout / 2, 0]) scale([1, (thick + cutout) / thick, 1]) union() {
                x = x - thick * 2;

                cube([x, thick, enter_thick]);

                // rounded top
                round_top = enter_thick;
                translate([0, thick, round_top]) rotate([90, 0, 0]) hull() {
                    translate([0 + round_top, 0, 0])
                        cylinder(r = round_top, h = thick, center = false);
                    translate([x - round_top, 0, 0])
                        cylinder(r = round_top, h = thick, center = false);
                }
            }
        }

        // floor
        translate([-x / 2, -y / 2, -thick]) difference() {
            // floor
            cube([x, y, thick]);

            // puch out
            punch_radius = min(x, y) / 8;
            translate([x / 2, 0, -cutout / 2])
                cylinder(r = punch_radius, h = thick + cutout, center = false);
        }
    }
}
```


[User]
Okay, I'm looking to have a parametric model of the Cobra Mk III spaceship from the classic game Elite. I've got a rough idea of what I want, but I need it to be easily customizable, like the example I saw on Thingiverse.

Essentially, I need three main parts: the Cobra Mk III itself, a socket for it to sit on, and then the combination of the two. The Cobra should be constructed from tubes connecting spheres at key points and have some additional bracing structures connecting some of these spheres. The socket should have a slightly angled cylindrical base, and the Cobra should be able to sit on the socket at that matching angle.

Here's the breakdown of the parameters I want to control:

*   **Part Selection:**
    *   An option to generate only the Cobra Mk III model
    *   An option to generate only the socket
    *   An option to generate both the Cobra Mk III mounted on the socket
*   **Tube Radius:** A parameter to control the radius of the tubes/spheres that make up the Cobra's frame.
*   **Socket Height:** A parameter for the overall height of the socket.
*   **Socket Angle:** A parameter to adjust the angle of the socket's mounting surface and the mounted Cobra on the socket.
*   **Full Brackets:** A boolean parameter (true/false or 1/0) that controls whether some of the support brackets are fully realized, or partially/not at all realized. (I saw the brackets in the reference model being partially defined, with parts that appear to be "cut away").

I'm not too picky about the actual rendering quality, but I would like the model to look accurate to the basic shape. I think the locations of the spheres will be the most important part to nail down.

I'm familiar with OpenSCAD, so the file should use standard OpenSCAD primitives. I’m not sure if you’d need to use any libraries for this.

[Assistant]
Elite_Cobra_Mk_III.scad:
```
// -----------------------------------------------------
//  Elite Cobra Mk III
//
//  Detlev Ahlgrimm, 14.04.2019
// -----------------------------------------------------

part=2;           // [0:Cobra Mk II, 1:Socket, 2:Cobra Mk II on Socket]
radius=1.5;       // [1.5:0.05:3]
height_socket=30; // [25:100]
angle_socket=10;  // [0:30]
full_brackets=1;  // [0:False, 1:True]

/* [Hidden] */
$fn=6;

//%translate([0, 0, 29]) import("/home/dede/thingiverse/cobra3_modded250_1800470.stl");

// -----------------------------------------------------
//  r : Radius der Stangen
//  w : Breite der Halte-Streben
// -----------------------------------------------------
module CobraMk3(r=radius, w=0.5) {
  hh=r*sqrt(3)/2;
  vect= [ [0, 17.8, r], [60, 11.1, r], [88, -5.5, r], [22, -16.5, r], [-22, -16.5, r], [-88, -5.5, r], [-60, 11.1, r],    // Heck aussen
          [10, -9.5, r], [10, 9.5, r], [34.5, 5.2, r], [34.5, -5.2, r],       // Triebwerk rechts
          [-10, -9.5, r], [-10, 9.5, r], [-34.5, 5.2, r], [-34.5, -5.2, r],   // Triebwerk links
          [62, -4.7, r], [62, 3.3, r], [72, -2.5, r],                         // Steuerduese rechts
          [-62, -4.7, r], [-62, 3.3, r], [-72, -2.5, r],                      // Steuerduese links
          [82, -2, 24], [-82, -2, 24],                                        // zweite Ebene
          [0, 17.8, 45],                                                      // dritte Ebene
          [22, 0, 81], [-22, 0, 81],                                          // Front
          [0, 0, 81], [0, 0, 95]                                              // Laser
        ];
  lins= [ [0,1], [1,2], [2,3], [3,4], [4,5], [5,6], [6,0],
          [7,8], [8,9], [9,10], [10,7],
          [11,12], [12,13], [13,14], [14,11],
          [15,16], [16,17], [17,15],
          [18,19], [19,20], [20,18],
          [21,2], [21,1],
          [22,5], [22,6],
          [23,0], [23,1], [23,6],
          [24,23], [24,1], [24,3], [24,21],
          [25,23], [25,4], [25,6], [25,22],
          [24,25],
          [26,27]
        ];

  *!for(i=vect) {
    translate(i) sphere(r=r);
  }

  for(i=lins) {
    hull() {
      translate(vect[i[0]]) sphere(r=r);
      translate(vect[i[1]]) sphere(r=r);
    }
  }

  for(m=[0, 1]) mirror([m, 0, 0]) {
    translate([-10-w/2, -9.5-6.5, r-hh]) cube([w, 6.5, 2*hh]);    // Halterung Triebwerk links
    if(full_brackets) translate([-34.5-w/2, -5.2-9, r-hh]) cube([w, 9, 2*hh]);
    translate([-10-w/2, 9.5, r-hh]) cube([w, 6.5, 2*hh]);
    if(full_brackets) translate([-34.5-w/2, 5.2, r-hh]) cube([w, 9, 2*hh]);

    translate([-62-w/2, -4.7-5, r-hh]) cube([w, 5, 2*hh]);      // Halterung Steuerduese links
    translate([-62-w/2, 3.3, r-hh]) cube([w, 7, 2*hh]);
    if(full_brackets) translate([-72-10, -2.5-w/2, r-hh]) cube([10, w, 2*hh]);
  }
}

// -----------------------------------------------------
//
// -----------------------------------------------------
module Sockel() {
  r=radius+0.4;
  a=atan(16.7/81);
  y=20;

  translate([0, 0, height_socket]) difference() {
    union() {
      hull() {
        sphere(d=2*r+4, $fn=20);
        translate([0, 10, -height_socket+10]) sphere(d=2*r+4, $fn=20);
      }
      hull() {
        rotate([a+angle_socket, 0, 0]) translate([-22, y, 0]) sphere(d=2*r+4, $fn=20);
        translate([0, 10, -height_socket+10]) sphere(d=2*r+4, $fn=20);
      }
      hull() {
        rotate([a+angle_socket, 0, 0]) translate([ 22, y, 0]) sphere(d=2*r+4, $fn=20);
        translate([0, 10, -height_socket+10]) sphere(d=2*r+4, $fn=20);
      }
      translate([0, 10, -height_socket]) cylinder(d=2*r+4, h=10, $fn=20);
      translate([0, 10, -height_socket]) cylinder(d1=30, d2=27, h=3);
    }
    translate([-30, -r, 0]) cube([60, 2*r, 3*r]);
    rotate([a+angle_socket, 0, 0]) translate([-22-r, 0, 0]) cube([2*r, 60, 3*r]);
    rotate([a+angle_socket, 0, 0]) translate([ 22-r, 0, 0]) cube([2*r, 60, 3*r]);
  }
}

if(part==0) {
  CobraMk3();
} else if(part==1) {
  Sockel();
} else {
  Sockel();
  translate([0, 0, height_socket]) rotate([90-angle_socket, 0, 180]) translate([0, 16.5, -radius]) CobraMk3();
}

```


[User]
I'd like to create a bookend using OpenSCAD. It should have a rectangular base and a triangular support structure connecting to a vertical rectangular support, and I want it to have a label with customizable text.

Specifically:

*   **Base:** The base should be a rectangular prism. I need to be able to adjust its overall height, its width, and its thickness (the dimension perpendicular to the base). I'd like to call these parameters `altura`, `largura`, and `espessura`, respectively.
*   **Support:** The support should consist of a triangular "fin" that slopes upwards from the base and meets a vertical support. The fin will be created by extruding a triangle, and the triangle's height should be a fraction of the overall height of the bookend (let's say `altura * 0.22` for now). The vertical support needs to be a rectangular prism that extends up the full `altura` and sits on top of the triangular fin. It should be a user-defined `espessuraApoio`.
*   **Label:** I need a label on the base (or the triangular fin). This label should allow me to write customizable text. The label should be placed near the bottom of the triangular support, and it should be rotated 45 degrees along the x axis. The text's placement should be such that the word is generally centered across the width of the base. I will be using a `linear_extrude` to create the text.
*   **Customizability:** All the dimensions I mentioned above should be customizable via variables. The text in the label should also be a variable. I will be using the "DejaVu Sans:style=Bold" font.

Essentially, I want to define parameters for `altura`, `largura`, `espessura`, `espessuraApoio`, and a `texto` variable that I can use to label the bookend. The triangular "fin" should automatically size itself relative to `altura`.

Can you provide the necessary OpenSCAD file(s)? I don't have any pre-existing libraries, and I don't need a library this time.

[Assistant]
Book_End.scad:
```
// Altura do book end
altura = 100;
// Largura do book end
largura = 80;
// Espessura da base
espessura  = 2.5; // [1.0:0.1:10]
// Espessura do apoio
espessuraApoio = 4.0; // [1.0:0.1:10]
// Texto customizado da base
texto="Conhecimento";

/* [Hidden] */
profundidade = altura * 0.6;
tamanhoDisplay = profundidade * 0.22;

module base(altura) {
    // Base
    cube([largura, profundidade, espessura]);
}

module apoio(altura) {
    // Suporte triangular do apoio
    translate([0, tamanhoDisplay, espessura])
    rotate([90, 0, 0])
    translate([largura, 0, 0])
    rotate([0, -90, 0])
    linear_extrude(largura)
    polygon([[0, 0], [tamanhoDisplay, 0], [0, tamanhoDisplay]]);
    // Suporte
    translate([0, tamanhoDisplay, 0])
    cube([largura, espessuraApoio, altura]);
}

module rotulo(texto="Leitura") {
    meio = (largura / 2);

    translate([meio, tamanhoDisplay*0.3, tamanhoDisplay*0.42])
    rotate([45, 0, 0])
    linear_extrude(5)
    text(texto, halign="center", font="DejaVu Sans:style=Bold", size=6);
}

difference() {
    union() {
        base(altura);
        apoio(altura);
    }
    rotulo(texto);
}
```


[User]
I'd like to design a custom Skådis pegboard holder for various tools like screwdrivers, basically anything with a narrower section and a wider section. I've got a basic idea of how the holder should look, and I'm hoping you can help me turn it into a parametric OpenSCAD design.

Here's the basic concept:

The holder will have a series of holes to accommodate the narrower sections of tools, with enough space above the holes to allow the thicker sections to rest above and be held in place by the main frame.

I need it to be parametric so I can easily adjust these aspects:

*   **Number of rows:** I'd like to be able to specify how many rows of holes the holder should have, so I can make larger holders if needed.
*   **Hole diameters:** I need to be able to specify the diameter of each hole, as tools can vary in their narrow sections. I would imagine this would be a list.
*   **Spacing above each hole:** I need to also specify the vertical space above each hole, to fit the larger part of the tool, also as a list. The space allocated above should align with the holes (e.g. widths[0] is the space above holes[0]).
*   **Tolerance:** It should have an overall tolerance value to account for printer inaccuracies, perhaps a little less than 0.1mm

The overall structure should consist of two main parts, the parts that hook onto the board, and the main flat section of the holder that the tools are held in, like the one in the previous file.

For the hooks, there should be several pairs of posts, I imagine about four per 40mm row, connected by two flat bars, with a deeper area to slot into the pegboard.

For the flat section, there should be cutouts for the tool holes, each at a specified size, and that are at the correct position to align with the widths.

I'd like the design to be reasonably simple for printing - no complex overhangs or difficult geometry. I think a simple Minkowski sum, union and difference should do the trick, like the example.

I do not have any specific preferences for any given library, and I'd be fine if you used built-in OpenSCAD functions or libraries like MCAD, BOSL, BOSL2, dotSCAD, NopSCADlib or BOLTS.

Could you please generate a suitable OpenSCAD file for this?

[Assistant]
SkadisHolder.scad:
```
function sum(v, i = 0, r = 0) = i < len(v) ? sum(v, i + 1, r + v[i]) : r;

// The number of rows the holder should span
rows = 1;
// An array of hole diameters
holes = [5, 18];
// An array with spaces corresponding to each hole
widths = [15, 25];
// A tolerance subtracted from the holder dimensions
tolerance = 0.1;

module hooks(rows = 1, holes, uppers) {
  width = 40*(rows) + 3;
  depth = max(uppers);
  difference() {
    minkowski() {
      sphere(r=0.5 - tolerance, $fn=10);
      union() {
        for (i = [0:40:(40*rows)]) {
          translate([i, 0, 0]) {
            cube([3, 10, 3]);
            cube([3, 3, 10]);
          }
        }
        translate([0, 10, 0])
          cube([width, 3, 20]);
        translate([0, 13, 0])
          cube([width, depth, 3]);
      }
    }
    translate([0, 13, -1]) {
      offset = (width - sum(uppers)) / 2;
      uppers_with_dummy = concat([0], uppers);
      hole_offsets =
        [for (i = [1:len(uppers_with_dummy) - 1])
          sum(uppers_with_dummy, i) - uppers_with_dummy[i]/2];
      for (i = [0:len(hole_offsets) - 1]) {
        translate([hole_offsets[i] + offset, depth/2, -1])
          cylinder(d=holes[i] + 1, h=8);
      }
    }
  }
}

hooks(rows, holes, widths);

```


[User]
I'd like to get a parametric design for a 20mm calibration cube. This cube should also function as a sample print with some key print settings engraved on it. I would also like a second version of this design that is an inlay with the same engraved settings so that it can be used for dual color printing.

Here's what I'm thinking for the cube:

*   **Size:** A standard 20mm cube.
*   **Engravings:** I'd like to engrave several different settings onto the cube. The exact settings I need are:
    *   X, Y, and Z axis labels on the appropriate sides (one letter on each side)
    *   Layer height (with an optional "±" to indicate the max adjustment with adaptive layers)
    *   Infill type (e.g., "gyroid", "cubic")
    *   Infill percentage (e.g., "20%")
    *   Print speed (e.g., "60mm/s")
    *   Print temperature
    *   Bed temperature
    *   If dual extrusion is used: Initial print temperature, final print temperature, and standby temperature
    *   Filament manufacturer
    *   Filament material (e.g., "PLA", "ABS")
    *   Filament color

*   **Layout:** I'm imagining the axis labels on the faces of the cube itself. The rest of the information could be arranged in two groups, one on two sides of the cube and the other on two opposing sides, perhaps organized in a stacked layout on the cube faces. This text should be linear extruded to be slightly proud of the cube surface.

*   **Parametric:** I need all the settings listed above, plus the dual color option, to be parameters I can adjust, instead of hard coded.

And for the dual color version of the design:

*   **Inlay:** It should be an inlay of the engraved settings, sized to fit perfectly inside the main cube. So essentially, the part that is subtracted from the cube, with the same extrusion depth, so it is easy to print.

*   **Dual Color Parameter:** Should be controlled by a boolean "use\_dual" parameter (if true, use dual extrusion, false if not).

I'd prefer the design to be done in OpenSCAD, and I'm fine with the design using the BOSL2 library. I don't expect you to attach any code from BOSL2, just make sure the generated code calls the library.

[Assistant]
cal_cube.scad:
```

part = "first"; // [first:Calibration Cube,second:Text inlay]

// Include dual material settings
use_dual = 1; // [0:No, 1:Yes]

material = "PLA";

manufacturer = "Generic";

color = "XimaB";

// in mm/s
speed = 60;

// height
layer = 0.15;

// Adaptive layers max variation
layer_adj = 0.1;

// type
infill = "gyroid";

// Infill percentage
infill_pct = 20;

// Print time
time = "15m";

// Print tempurature
print_temp = 200;

// Initial printing pemperature
initial_temp = 190;

// Final printing tempurature
final_temp = 185;

// Standby tempurature
standby = 175;

// Bed tempurature
bed_temp = 60;

module stats() {
    translate([5,1,15]) rotate([90,0,0]) rotate([0,0,-90]) linear_extrude(1.1) text("X");
    translate([1,15,5]) rotate([90,0,-90]) linear_extrude(1.1) text("Z");
    translate([5,5,19.4]) linear_extrude(1.1) text("Y");

    layer_suff = layer_adj ? str("±", layer_adj) : "";
    translate([19,1,16]) rotate([90,0,90]) linear_extrude(1.1) text(str(layer,layer_suff), 3);
    translate([19,1,11]) rotate([90,0,90]) linear_extrude(1.1) text(infill, 3);
    translate([19,1,6]) rotate([90,0,90]) linear_extrude(1.1) text(str(infill_pct,"%"), 3);
    translate([19,1,1]) rotate([90,0,90]) linear_extrude(1.1) text(str(speed,"mm/s"), 3);

    translate([19,19,16]) rotate([90,0,180]) linear_extrude(1.1) text(str(print_temp, "°"), 3);
    translate([9,19,16]) rotate([90,0,180]) linear_extrude(1.1) text(str(bed_temp, "°"), 3);
    if (use_dual) {
        translate([19,19,11]) rotate([90,0,180]) linear_extrude(1.1) text(str(initial_temp, "°"), 3);
        translate([19,19,6]) rotate([90,0,180]) linear_extrude(1.1) text(str(final_temp, "°"), 3);
        translate([19,19,1]) rotate([90,0,180]) linear_extrude(1.1) text(str(standby, "°"), 3);
    }

    translate([3,7,1]) rotate([0,180,180]) linear_extrude(1.1) text(manufacturer, 3);
    translate([3,12,1]) rotate([0,180,180]) linear_extrude(1.1) text(material, 3);
    translate([3,17,1]) rotate([0,180,180]) linear_extrude(1.1) text(color, 3);
}

module main() {
    difference() {
        cube(20);
        stats();
    }
}

module dual_color() {
    intersection() {
        cube(20);
        stats();
    }
}

if (part == "second") {
   dual_color();
} else {
   main();
}

```


[User]
I need a parametric 3-way cylindrical connector designed in OpenSCAD. The basic idea is that there are three cylindrical branches intersecting, with one always at a 90-degree angle to the main axis. The other branch's angle should be variable.

Here are the parameters I need to control:

*   **`inner_diameter`**:  The inner diameter of the cylindrical branches.
*   **`height`**: The length of each cylindrical branch.
*   **`wall_thickness`**: The thickness of the walls of the connector.
*   **`angle`**: The angle of the variable branch, measured from the main axis. This should be able to be adjusted between 1 and 180 degrees.

I'd like the design to be a hollow object, so it's essentially a solid shell with cylindrical holes through it.  I need to be able to modify the parameters above in the OpenSCAD file. I'm not sure the best way to handle the intersection of the cylinders, but I want a clean, solid object. Could you generate the OpenSCAD code for this?

[Assistant]
connector.scad:
```
// Inner diameter of the connector, in mm
inner_diameter = 23;
// Length of each cylinder, in mm
height = 40;
// Wall thickness, in mm
wall_thickness = 3;
// Connection angle, in degrees
angle = 120; // [1:180]

module connector(diameter, height, wall, angle) {
    module outer_cylinder(){ cylinder(r=diameter/2+wall, h=height); }
    module inner_cylinder(){ cylinder(r=diameter/2, h=height+wall); }

    difference() {
        union() { //outer cylinder
            sphere(diameter/2+wall);
            rotate([0, 90, 0]) outer_cylinder();
            rotate([90, 0, 0]) outer_cylinder();
            rotate([90-angle, 0, 0]) outer_cylinder();
        }

        union() { //inner cylinder
            sphere(diameter/2);
            rotate([0, 90, 0]) inner_cylinder();
            rotate([90, 0, 0]) inner_cylinder();
            rotate([90-angle, 0, 0]) inner_cylinder();
        }
    }

}

connector(diameter=inner_diameter,height=height,wall=wall_thickness,angle=angle);
```


[User]
Hey, I'm working on a v-roller design for a project and I've been messing around with some OpenSCAD code, but I think I need a bit of help to make it more flexible and robust.  I've attached a basic SCAD file that produces the v-roller with a recess for a bearing, but I'd really like to create a parametric system that lets me change not just the dimensions but the overall profile of the roller itself, and possibly add some features.

Right now, the code uses a `difference()` of a `union()` of cylinders, and then uses other cylinders and a cube to remove the central hole and create flat sides. It's a bit clunky, and I'd like to start from a clean slate and make use of more advanced techniques if possible. Here's a breakdown of what I'm trying to achieve, and what I’m looking for in the new design:

**Core Requirements:**

1.  **Parametric Dimensions:** Everything should be driven by parameters.  I need to be able to easily adjust:
    *   Bearing thickness (`bearing_thickness`)
    *   Bearing diameter (`bearing_diameter`)
    *   Outer diameter of the roller (`outer_diameter`)
    *   Diameter of the V-trough (`inner_diameter`)
    *   Amount to cut off the flanges to create flat circumference (`cut_amount`)
    *   The number of segments for circles (`segments`)
2.  **Profile Control:** I'd like the option to have a more complex V-trough profile. Instead of a simple cylinder, I would like a parameter to define a cross-section profile (e.g. a straight-line V, a more rounded V, or even a shallow curve). This should control how the inner diameter transitions to the outer diameter, both sides of the 'V', and be able to be a profile that the user could specify. Maybe this could be an array of points?
3. **Easy Customization:** I'm hoping to be able to easily generate rollers with different cross-sections and sizes.
4. **Bearing Clearance:** I need a bit of clearance between the bearing and the bearing hole - a parameter for this would be really helpful (`bearing_clearance`).

**Additional Considerations (Nice to have):**

1.  **Rounded Edges:** A way to easily add a fillet or chamfer on the edges of the roller where it transitions between the outer edge and the flanges would be really nice.
2.  **Spoke/Hole options:** Some options to add holes or spokes into the roller design. These should be customizable.
3. **Modular Design:** I'd really like this to be as modular as possible. Ideally this could be a library that I could extend.

I’m pretty comfortable with OpenSCAD, but some of the more advanced techniques like using 2D shapes for extrusion or more complex transforms I'm not as proficient with.  I'd also like to explore some of the more advanced libraries if you think it makes sense.

Could you help me build a parametric library for this type of roller? I'm okay with multiple files if that makes things cleaner. I'm thinking we should aim to use the BOSL or BOSL2 libraries if they fit the project.

[Assistant]
608_v_roller.scad:
```
//Segments in the circles (Higher numbers produce smoother curve, but take longer to render)
segments = 64;
//Thickness of bearing
w = 7;
//Outer Diameter of roller
outer_d   = 30;
//Diameter of V-Trough
inner_d   = 25.5;
//Diameter of bearing
bearing_d = 22.05;
//Amount to cut off flanges to produce flat circumference (0 - 2 works well at default diameters)
cut = 0.75; // [0:0.01:10]

difference(){
    difference(){
        union(){
            cylinder(h=w/2, r1=outer_d/2+cut, r2=inner_d/2, $fn=segments);
            translate([0,0,w/2-0.0001])
            cylinder(h=w/2, r1=inner_d/2, r2=outer_d/2+cut, $fn=segments);
        }
        translate(0,0,-1)
        cylinder(h=w+2, r1=bearing_d/2, r2=bearing_d/2, $fn=segments);
    }
    difference(){

        cube(outer_d+5+cut*2, center=true);
        translate([0,0,-1])
        cylinder(h=w+2, r1=outer_d/2, r2=outer_d/2, $fn=segments);
    }
}
```


[User]
I'd like to design a parametric oil filter wrench that can be customized for different filter sizes and nut drive sizes. I'm thinking of something similar to what's described in the FilterWrenchV1_1.scad file.  Essentially, it's a cylindrical wrench with an opening to fit around a spin-on oil filter, with finger grips on the sides for hand tightening or loosening, and a hex nut on top for using a socket or wrench. It optionally includes a square drive hole through the nut for a ratchet.

Here are the key parameters I'd like to be able to control:

*   **Filter Diameter:** The diameter of the round part of the filter that the wrench needs to fit around. This should be adjustable (e.g. 65mm, 74mm, 76mm).
*   **Clearance Across Flats:** The amount of extra space between the inside of the wrench and the filter to allow for easy fitting. This should be a variable so I can fine tune it. (e.g. 1.0mm)
*   **Nut Size:** The size of the hex nut on the top of the wrench for using a socket. I need to be able to select a variety of common sizes (e.g. 12mm, 13mm, 15mm, 17mm, 19mm, 21mm).
*   **Square Drive:** A boolean option to include a square hole through the hex nut. This should only be included for larger nut sizes (e.g. 15mm and above).

For the main wrench body, I'd like it to be a cylinder, with the inner cylinder subtracted to create the space for the filter. The finger grips should be sturdy and extend down to the bottom and up through the top of the wrench for added strength, and have rounded ends for comfort. The hex nut should also extend through the top, and have the option for the square drive hole.

The internal structure for the grips and nut are important, I need them to be solid, and strong, maybe with a triangular strut along each finger grip.

I'd like to see all this done in OpenSCAD. I think that should be enough to get started. Let me know if you need any more information!

[Assistant]
FilterWrenchV1_1.scad:
```
/*this is still pretty ugly code.
    I have not done testing of the fit and strength of these parts.
    I still have lots of code cleanup to do also :-) i.e. (Don't look too close!)
    Please let me know in the comments on Thingiverse if you have trouble with fit or function
    or if you need additional selections available in the Customizer
    If you use OpenSCAD you can probably find the variables to adjust somewhere below
    to customize this as desired.
*/
/*V1.1
Added customization options, such as whether to include the square drive hole, or not.
Additional selections for nut size and filter diameters
*/
/*V1.0
rewrote the grips() module for better clarity and such that the
MCAD library is not required. I didn't like the right triangle or
rounded box implementation that I was using from there because it
was sometimes unclear how large the generated objects would be and I
needed to be able to precisely make the cutouts for the grips.
that has been corrected.
Final part should always consist of 10 meshes.
Each grip is 2 independent meshes, and so is the nut in the center.
*/
/*V0.7
Corrected a bug in 0.6 that cause traingular struts to be 1 mm too high above top
*/
/*V0.6
Just cleaned up the part by covering the interior bottom with bot_thk, about 1mm
of plastic so that the structure didn't show through
*/
//V0.5 First usable release
//Finger grips should be plenty strong to use for removing filters.
//no guarantees on the nut, or 3/8" driver strength, but it has been made much stronger
//model is actually 10 separate structures. The parts extend through the top of the wrench
//with their own walls for added strength, almost like they are press-fit into place.
//In this version, I allowed them to extend through the bottom surface for visibility as well.
//Also not that in order to prevent some potential non-manifold issues when using the rounded boxes,
//I had to leave largish gaps around the finger grips. You may see some light though the edges.
//This is "normal" at this time, and will not cause any functional problems.
//Changes:
//Made nut size selectable in customizer, 19 mm or 21 mm.
//Set default clearance across flats default to 1.0 mm
//This is an easy place to fine tune the size if your printer makes opening a little too small, e.g.
//I recommend you first print just a couple of layers and then check the size, either with a new filter
//or with calipers.
//distance across points should be the nominal size, eg 65 mm + just a little clearance, maybe 0.5 mm so it fits snugly.

//V0.4
//Changes:
// Corrected the dimples module for() loop
// patched in my stronger mesh-in-mesh structure for the nut and finger grips.
// known issue: use of foo variable to wallow out hole is ugly
// values less than 0.2 mm result in non-manifold shape!
// This arises from use of rounded_box from MCAD/Shapes.scad
//
//V0.3
//Changes:
//V0.3 added clearance parameter to let filter fit inside wrench (duh!)
//V0.4 added new internal structural supports to nut and finger grips.
//code is ugly. Sorry. It's a learning project and I've let it get away from me
//as I explored some new techniques I'm developing for multi-mesh structural supports.

/* [Size] */
//Diameter of round part of filter in mm
filterSize=65;//[65,74,76]
//How much clearance across flats? (mm)
ClearanceAF=1.0;//[0:0.1:2]
//Size of nut? (mm)
nutSize=19;//[12,13,15,17,19,21]
//Add Square Drive?
squaredrive=1; // [1:yes, 0:no]
//Customizer doesn't support booleans, thus the use of 0 or 1 choice here

/* [Hidden] */

mmPerInch=25.4;
squareDrive=(squaredrive==1 && (nutSize>=15));//3/8" drive will not fit smaller than 15mm nut

capWrench(diameter=filterSize, Clearance=ClearanceAF, nut=nutSize, squareDrive=squareDrive);
epsilon =   0.01;//to prevent ambiguous surfaces
bot_thk =   1.05; //amount of material, part of thickness, that is not impaled by the structures

module capWrench(diameter=74, Clearance=1,
                flutes=14, thickness=6.0, top=21,
                nut=19, squareDrive=true, eps=epsilon){

    r1=diameter/2+thickness;            //outer radius
    r2=(diameter + Clearance*1.0257)/2; //inner radius
    color([.75,.75,.5])

    //cap "socket" to fit filter
    //difference will not only cut the main opening, but also opens up the
    //holes for inserting our fittings, the nut, and finger grips
    //these recesses will cause the slicer to generate wall structures extending under the surface for much greater strength
    difference(){
        cylinder(r=r1,h=top,$fn=flutes);//main solid body
        translate([0,0,-eps])
        cylinder(r=r2,h=top-thickness+eps,$fn=flutes);//interior opening
        translate([0,0,top-thickness-eps+bot_thk]) //Leave about 1mm of bottom (bt_thk)
        cylinder(r=nut*1.129/2+eps,h=thickness-bot_thk+2*eps,$fn=6); //make a hex shaped hole to fit the nut through for strength
        grips(length=griplen+2*eps, height=root+2*eps, width=grip_w+eps, root=root, gripr=grip_x-eps, gripz=grip_z-eps, strut=false);
        //grips hole is sized slightly larger than grips by amount eps
   }
    //now let's fill that hole back in with a hex mesh, not part of the cap
    color([0,0,0]) //just for troubleshooting. Makes it easier to visualize that it's correct.
    translate([0,0,top-thickness+bot_thk])
    cylinder(r=nut*1.129/2,h=thickness-bot_thk+eps,$fn=6); //sticks out the top by eps to join solidly with the rest of the nut that we add next

    //https://www.engineersedge.com/hardware/square-drive-tools.htm is the source for some of my dimensions below
    //I'm trying to use values that will work with any driver that is in-spec
    //nut on top for socket or 3/8" drive
    nut_thk=11.1;
    //specs for ratchet driver end length are
    //10.3 to 11.1 mm
    drv_hole=0.381*mmPerInch; //(just over 3/8")
    //specs are .378"-.383" min to max
    //first attempt at .375 was too small
    Df=0.215*mmPerInch;
    //Depth of center of dimple or hole for plunger
    //Specs are .209"-.221"
    Em=0.170*mmPerInch;
    //minimum diameter for the hole to receive plunger
    Fm=0.156*mmPerInch;
    //maximum plunger ball diameter
    rNut=nut*1.129*0.99/2;
    //undersize nut flats by 1% to allow for slight
    //printer variances. Standards typically allow about a 4% downward variance here.
    //Also, the 1.129 factor
    //is to convert flat-flat dimension to full
    //circle dimension for hexagon
    translate([0,0,top-eps])
    difference(){
    //hexagonal nut
    color([.75,.75,.75])
    cylinder(r=nut*1.129/2,h=nut_thk,$fn=6);
        if(squareDrive){
        //minus a square hole for driver
        cube([drv_hole,
              drv_hole,
              2*nut_thk+eps],
              center=true);
        //and some dimples to accept a plunger ball
        dimples(depth1=nut_thk-Df,
                depth2=drv_hole+Fm,
                radius=Em/2);
        }
    }
    //now lets add the grips
    //first adjust the size to fit our wrench and nut dimensions
    griplen=r1-thickness/2-nut/1.3;
    root=thickness-bot_thk;
    gripht=10;
    gripend=r1-thickness/2;
    grip_x=gripend-griplen; //center x position
    grip_z=top-root;
    grip_w=4;
    grips(length=griplen, width=grip_w, height=gripht, root=root, gripr=grip_x, gripz=grip_z);
}
module grips(length=15, height=10, root=5,strut=true, width=4, gripr=18, gripz=15.1){

   //use a loop to make 4 of these.
    for(a=[0:90:270]){
        color([.25,.25,.5])
        rotate([0,0,a]) //a is 0,90,180,270
        translate([gripr,0,gripz])
        {
    //root=how deep the grip extends below the surface
    eps=0.01; //distance to separate or overlap meshes
    rad=width/2; //radius of rounding cylinders
    cubex=length-2*rad; //x dimension of the base grip cube
    triht=height-eps; //triangular strut height
    tribase=height; //triangular foot length
    //our strut is a Right Triangle with base tribase and height triht
    //strut is shifted up by eps so it doesn't join the top
    //and is also shifted away from the grip by eps to keep it separate
    //first a finger grip with round ends
    translate([rad,-width/2,0]) //center on x axis and leave room for cylinder
    {
    cube([cubex,width,height+root]);
    for(x=[0:cubex:cubex]) //a cylinder on each end for nice round shape
        translate([x,rad,0])
        cylinder(r=rad,h=height+root,$fn=12);
    }
    //Now add a right triangular strut is desired
    if (strut) {
    translate([rad,rad+eps,root+eps]) //align with cube and separate by eps
    rotate([0,90,0]) //correct orientation
    linear_extrude(height = cubex) //strut is just as wide as the 'square' part of our grip
    polygon(points = [ [0,0], [-triht,0], [0, tribase]]); //simple right triangle positioned to extrude and easily rotate into position
    }

}

       }

    }

module dimples(height=5.639,depth=13.6,radius=2.16){
    /*generates a pair of perpendicular cylinders
    that module CapWrench() uses to etch out
    depressions to accept a ball bearing plunger to
    snap the ratchet or driver male end into
    The defaults are just initial base case values
    derived from my nut sizing choices and
    available driver and socket engineering data.
    */
    for(x=[[90,0,0],[0,90,0]]){
         //[90,0,0] and [0,90,0] rotations for two perpendicular cylinders that punch hols in the sides of the square hole
    translate([0,0,height])
    rotate(x) //rotate 90 degrees through x first time, 90 degrees through y axis the second time
    cylinder(r=radius, h=depth, center=true,$fn=20);//the ends of the cylinders will extend into the sides of the square
        //drive opening and be subtracted out.
    }
}

```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to get some OpenSCAD code generated for a slim wallet design. I've got a rough idea of what I want, and I've seen some examples online, so I can give you the basic parameters.

The wallet needs to be parametric, so I can easily adjust its dimensions later. I want to be able to specify:

*   **Card Dimensions:**  `card_width`, `card_length`, and `card_radius` (for rounded corners).
*   **Wall Thickness:** `wall_thickness`. This is the thickness of the material surrounding the cards.
*   **Material Thickness:**  `material_thickness` – this would be for the 3D view/printing. And the card thickness will be a derivative of it, `card_thickness`.
*  **Band Inset:** There should be a rectangular inset, controlled by `band_inset_width` (inset from the card edges) and `band_inset_length`, where a band can be wrapped around the wallet. This should be on both sides.
*   **Card Inset:** I want an inset at the top of the card area (where the cards go). It'll be controlled by `card_inset_width` and `card_inset_length`.

I'd also like two views:

1.  **2D View:** This should be a flat representation, suitable for generating SVG/DXF files for laser cutting or CNC routing.
2.  **3D View:**  This will let me visualize the wallet in 3D for printing, etc.

Finally, it would be great if I could optionally include a DXF logo. A boolean `logo` variable could control whether to include a `logo()` module. I will provide the logo file separately. I think the placement of the logo in my current file was a bit weird, though, so it'd be nice if the placement could be more parametric instead of hard coded to that specific location.

The goal is to have a few modules for each section of the wallet and then to be able to assemble the modules together for the full wallet.

I guess for now, I can just specify that the `logo()` module should import `IronMan.dxf`.

Could you generate a parametric OpenSCAD file (or files, if you think it's better organized that way), implementing all of that?  I'm not sure if any specific libraries would be useful, but I'd be open to suggestions if you think there are any.

[Assistant]
slim_wallet_2d_3d.scad:
```
wallet_3d=true; //set to false for 2d view but cannot use the online Customizer
logo=false; //if you want a .dxf logo to be added, set to true, but you cannot use the online Customizer and it doesn't affect the 2d view
card_width=86.1;
card_length=54.5;
card_radius=3.5;
wall_thickness=0.125*25.4;
material_thickness=0.3*25.4;//used for 3d view only
card_thickness=material_thickness-0.125*25.4;//used for 3d view only
band_inset_width=wall_thickness;//taken from both the left and right sides along the card width
band_inset_length=10;//how wide to make the band cutout along the length of the card
card_inset_width=20;//amount of inset along the top
card_inset_length=card_width/8;//amount of inset along the top
if (wallet_3d==true){$fn=30;}

if (wallet_3d==true){
slim_wallet_3d();
}
if (wallet_3d==false){
slim_wallet_2d();
}

module slim_wallet_3d(){
difference(){
solid_wallet_3d();
translate([wall_thickness,0,material_thickness-card_thickness+0.01])
solid_card_3d();
card_inset_3d();
translate([0,-10,0])
cube([card_width+10,10,material_thickness]);
band_inset_3d();
rotate([0,0,90])
if (logo==true){
//tweak logo position below - may be helpful to put a # before the logo() below to make it easier to see the location of the logo
translate([19,-70,0])
difference(){//the example logo needed to be reversed so I removed it from a cube but if your logo doesn't need this then you can remove the difference/cube and just do the logo()
cube([36,49.8,2]);
translate([-2,-81,0])
logo(2);
}
}
}
}

module solid_card_3d(){
hull(){
translate([card_radius,0,0])
cylinder(r=card_radius,h=card_thickness);
translate([card_width-card_radius,0])
cylinder(r=card_radius,h=card_thickness);
translate([card_radius,card_length,0])
cylinder(r=card_radius,h=card_thickness);
translate([card_width-card_radius,card_length,0])
cylinder(r=card_radius,h=card_thickness);
}
}

module solid_wallet_3d(){
hull(){
translate([card_radius,0])
cylinder(r=card_radius,h=material_thickness);
translate([card_width-card_radius+2*wall_thickness,0,0])
cylinder(r=card_radius,h=material_thickness);
translate([card_radius,card_length+wall_thickness,0])
cylinder(r=card_radius,h=material_thickness);
translate([card_width-card_radius+2*wall_thickness,card_length+wall_thickness,0])
cylinder(r=card_radius,h=material_thickness);
}
}

module card_inset_3d(){
hull(){
translate([wall_thickness+card_width/2-card_inset_width/2,card_inset_length,0])
cylinder(r=card_radius,h=material_thickness);
translate([wall_thickness+card_width/2+card_inset_width/2,card_inset_length,0])
cylinder(r=card_radius,h=material_thickness);
translate([wall_thickness+card_width/2-card_inset_width/2-2*card_radius,0,0])
cube([card_inset_width+4*card_radius,0.01,material_thickness]);
}
}

module band_inset_3d(){
translate([0,(card_length+wall_thickness)/2-band_inset_length/2,0])
cube([band_inset_width+0.2,band_inset_length,material_thickness]);
translate([2*wall_thickness+card_width-band_inset_width-0.01,(card_length+wall_thickness)/2-band_inset_length/2,0])
cube([band_inset_width+0.02,band_inset_length,material_thickness]);
}

module logo(height) {
    linear_extrude(height = height) {
        scale(1)
        import("IronMan.dxf");
    }
}

module slim_wallet_2d(){
difference(){
solid_wallet();
translate([wall_thickness,0])
difference(){solid_card();card_inset();}
translate([0,-10])
square([card_width+10,10]);
band_inset();
}
square([card_width+2*wall_thickness,0.01]);
}

module solid_card(){
hull(){
translate([card_radius,0])
circle(r=card_radius);
translate([card_width-card_radius,0])
circle(r=card_radius);
translate([card_radius,card_length])
circle(r=card_radius);
translate([card_width-card_radius,card_length])
circle(r=card_radius);
}
}

module solid_wallet(){
hull(){
translate([card_radius,0])
circle(r=card_radius);
translate([card_width-card_radius+2*wall_thickness,0])
circle(r=card_radius);
translate([card_radius,card_length+wall_thickness])
circle(r=card_radius);
translate([card_width-card_radius+2*wall_thickness,card_length+wall_thickness])
circle(r=card_radius);
}
}

module card_inset(){
translate([-card_radius,0])
hull(){
translate([wall_thickness+card_width/2-card_inset_width/2,card_inset_length])
circle(r=card_radius);
translate([wall_thickness+card_width/2+card_inset_width/2,card_inset_length])
circle(r=card_radius);
translate([wall_thickness+card_width/2-card_inset_width/2-2*card_radius,0])
square([card_inset_width+4*card_radius,0.01]);
}
}

module band_inset(){
translate([0,(card_length+wall_thickness)/2-band_inset_length/2])
square([band_inset_width,band_inset_length]);
translate([2*wall_thickness+card_width-band_inset_width,(card_length+wall_thickness)/2-band_inset_length/2])
square([band_inset_width,band_inset_length]);
}

```


[User]
I'm looking to design a parametric pivot pin with a circlip groove and a flange, similar to the one I have attached, but I want to be able to control all the dimensions, and have the circlip itself be a separate object. I'd like a design that is fully parameterized, so I can easily change dimensions later. I'm not sure how to best approach creating the circlip itself parametrically, though, so I'd like you to handle that part for me, especially. Here's what I'm thinking:

I need a main pin body with a flange at one end and a cylindrical body extending from it. The flange needs parameters for its diameter and thickness, and the pin body needs a parameter for its diameter. There should also be a parameter specifying the space between the bottom of the flange and the start of the circlip groove. The circlip groove should have a specified thickness (which I'll use for extruding the circlip profile later).

The circlip itself should be a separate object that I can position on the pin. It needs to have parameters for its overall width (the radial distance from the inside of the ring to the outside of the ring), its inner diameter (which should be slightly smaller than the pin diameter), and the angle of its "grip" ends (the angled sections that allow it to be squeezed open).  The shape of the circlip should be created using `offset` and `hull` to get the desired rounded profile of the clip and its tips. I don't need the "tri" modules from my existing code, though, they seem overly complex; please feel free to improve this part of the design!

I need the overall design to be efficient to render and modify.

I would like you to use the BOSL2 library where possible, to get the most out of its powerful features for shapes and dimensions. I'll likely be using it extensively in future designs, so having this be a consistent style will help. I also would like to avoid using `linear_extrude` on the circlip shape; a 2D shape should be sufficient. Could you provide a `main.scad` that brings it all together, and a separate `circlip.scad` file with the circlip code in it? Thanks!

[Assistant]
Pivot_Pin.scad:
```
////////////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////////////
/// OpenSCAD File version 2018.10.13  //////////
///           16 - 04 - 2019              //////
///         by Ken_Applications           //////
///                V1.0                   //////
////////////////////////////////////////////////

//Pin Diameter
pin_dia=6;
// Flange Diameter
flange_dia=11;
//Flange thickness and circlip thickness
flange_thk=3;
//Pin space between circlip and flange
pin_space=9;

//pin(flange_thk,flange_dia,pin_dia,pin_space)
pin(flange_thk,flange_dia,pin_dia,pin_space);// this shows the pin
clip();//this shows the circlip

module clip(){
translate([0,-20,0])
linear_extrude(height=flange_thk){
e_circlip();
}
}

//for circlip
width=8+0.001;
grip_angle=25+0.001;
Inner_dia=pin_dia-2;

outter_dia=Inner_dia+width;
mid_point=((outter_dia-Inner_dia)/2);
rrad=(mid_point/2)-0.001;
$fn=200;

module the_washer(){
difference(){
circle(outter_dia/2);//radius
circle(Inner_dia/2);
}
}

module tri_1 (){
hull(){
circle(0.05);
rotate([0,0,-grip_angle]) translate([0,-outter_dia*20,0]) circle(.3);
rotate([0,0,grip_angle]) translate([0,-outter_dia*20,0]) circle(.3);
}
}

module tri_2 (){
hull(){
circle(Inner_dia/10);
rotate([0,0,-30]) translate([0,Inner_dia/2+mid_point/2,0]) circle(.2);
rotate([0,0,-45]) translate([0,Inner_dia/2+mid_point/2,0]) circle(.2);
rotate([0,0,-60]) translate([0,Inner_dia/2+mid_point/2,0]) circle(.2);
}
}

module tri_3 (){
hull(){
circle(Inner_dia/10);
rotate([0,0,30]) translate([0,Inner_dia/2+mid_point/2,0]) circle(.2);
rotate([0,0,45]) translate([0,Inner_dia/2+mid_point/2,0]) circle(.2);
rotate([0,0,60]) translate([0,Inner_dia/2+mid_point/2,0]) circle(.2);
}
}
module circlip(){
round2d(OR=rrad,IR=0){
difference(){
the_washer();
tri_1 ();
//tri_2 ();
//tri_3 ();
}
}
}

module e_circlip(){
round2d(OR=0.5,IR=Inner_dia/10){
difference(){
circlip();
    tri_2 ();
    tri_3 ();
}
}
}

module round2d(OR,IR){
    offset(OR)offset(-IR-OR)offset(IR)children();
}

$fn=120;

module washer(thk,ext_dia,in_dia){
difference(){
 cylinder( thk, d=ext_dia);
 translate([0,0,-0.002]) cylinder( thk+0.004, d=in_dia);
}
}

module pin(flange_thk,flange_dia,pin_dia,pin_space){
difference(){
cylinder( flange_thk, d=flange_dia);
chamfer_boss (0.8,flange_dia,flange_thk,0);
}

difference(){
cylinder( pin_space+flange_thk*2+2, d=pin_dia);
chamfer_boss (0.8,pin_dia,pin_space+flange_thk*2+2,0);
translate([0,0,pin_space+flange_thk]) washer(flange_thk,flange_dia*2,pin_dia-2);
}
}

module chamfer_boss(chamfer,boss_dia,cylinder_hgt,both_bot_top){
if ((both_bot_top==2)||(both_bot_top==0))  mirror([0,0,1])
translate([0,0,-cylinder_hgt-0.001])
difference(){
 translate([0,0,-0.001])
cylinder(chamfer*0.7071,d1=boss_dia+0.3,d2=boss_dia+0.3);
translate([0,0,-0.5]) cylinder(chamfer*0.7071+1,d1=boss_dia-1-chamfer*0.7071*2,d2=boss_dia+1);
}
if ((both_bot_top==1)||(both_bot_top==0))
difference(){
    translate([0,0,-0.001])
cylinder(chamfer*0.7071,d1=boss_dia+0.3,d2=boss_dia+0.3);
translate([0,0,-0.5]) cylinder(chamfer*0.7071+1,d1=boss_dia-1-chamfer*0.7071*2,d2=boss_dia+1);
}
}

```


[User]
Hey there, I'm looking to design some custom RC car wheels with sand paddles, and I've seen some pretty neat stuff done with OpenSCAD. I'd like to create a model that's highly customizable, like the one I saw on Thingiverse, but I need to make it from scratch.

Basically, I want to have a parametric model for a wheel with paddles that can be adjusted for different RC car sizes and paddle designs. I'd like to be able to specify things like:

*   **Wheel Dimensions:** The overall radius, the tire thickness, and the width of the wheel should be configurable.
*   **Paddle Configuration:**  I need to be able to set the number of paddles around the wheel, the thickness of each paddle, and their height. I'd also like some control over how the paddle shape is rounded - maybe use two different radii for rounding the connection to the tire and the outer part.
*   **Hub Connection:** I need to be able to define the shape of the hub where it connects to the car. The most common options for me are a hexagon and a cross, so I'd like to be able to specify the type of connector and the diameter of the hex or cross shapes. Also the screw diameter for the bolt connecting the wheel to the hub needs to be configurable.
*   **Rim Details:** I'd like to specify the number of spokes in the rim and to be able to fill the space between the rim and the tire if I want to.
*   **Two-Part Design:** It would also be great if I could easily create two-part models, where the tire and the rim are separate, with an adjustable spacing to allow room for glue. Also, when generating separate rims, it would be great to have a supporting structure that can be easily removed after printing for easier gluing, that can be adjusted to a wheel width.
*   **Print Options:** It should be possible to select individual parts (like only the tire or only the rim), the complete wheel, multiple rims, or the gluing support for the rims. I was thinking of using a menu structure for this.

I'm not too picky on how it's organized internally in the code, but I would like it to be clear and modifiable. I'm hoping for a single .scad file for the design. I will be using this model with Thingiverse customizer, so it would be great if it used that style of commenting with the customization options. If you use external libraries, please let me know. I don't have a preference for any library in particular.

[Assistant]
Paddles.scad:
```
// ****************************************************************************
// RC Car Paddles
// Author: Peter Holzwarth
// ****************************************************************************
// https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/OpenSCAD_User_Manual/The_OpenSCAD_Language

Menu();
// OnePaddle();
// FourRims();
// RimGlueSupport();
// WheelRim();
// WheelTire();

/* [What to show/ print] */

// What to do
menu= "Paddle"; // [Paddle,Tire,Rim,Four Rims,Rim Gluing Support]

/* [Wheel general settings] */

// Number of floats to print
// numWheels= 4; // [1:4] takes too long to render

// Wheel radius in mm without paddles
wheelRadius= 36; // 40 is radius of traxxas 1:16 std wheels

// Tire thickness
wheelThick= 14;

// Width of the wheel
wheelWidth= 48; // 48 is original wheels

// Number of paddle elements
numPaddleElements= 10;

// Number of spikes in the rim
numWheelSpikes= 5;

/* [Propulsion Connector] */

// Propulsion screw diameter
propScrewDia= 4;

// Propulsion connector
propConnector= "Hexagon"; // [Hexagon,Cross]

// Propulsion hexagon shape diameter
propHexDia= 12;

// Propulsion cross shape diameter
propCrossDia= 8;

// Propulsion cross shape thickness
propCrossThick= 2.3;

/* [Additional Settings] */

// Thickness of the paddles
paddleThick= 6;

// Height of the paddles
paddleHeight= 5;

// 0: don't fill the rim, <>0: fill it
filledRim=0;

// Paddle rounding up
r1= 10;
// Paddle rounding radius
r2= 15;

// For two part paddles: space between tire and rim, as neede for glue
spc=0.3;
// Precision of roundings, high values cause high computation times
$fn=40;

// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// derived parameters for the wheels
// used in Wheel() and in WheelFixtureInside()
// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// hex connector: outer radius of the hexagon space for the propulsion nut
ro= propHexDia/2/cos(30) +0.4; // add some space for printing tolerance
echo(ro);
fixR= filledRim!=0 ? wheelRadius-wheelThick-spc-0.1 : ro+2;
echo(fixR);

// cross connector: diameter of the cylinder around the cross
fixRc= filledRim!=0 ? wheelRadius-wheelThick-spc-0.1 : propCrossDia/2+3;

// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Menu for thingiverse customizer
// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
module Menu() {
    if (menu=="Paddle") {
        OnePaddle();
    } else if (menu=="Tire") {
        WheelTire();
    } else if (menu=="Rim") {
        WheelRim();
    } else if (menu=="Four Rims") {
        FourRims();
    } else { // "Rim Gluing Support"
        RimGlueSupport();
    }
}

// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Four rims for the two part paddles, to be printed at once
// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
module FourRims() {
    d= 2*(wheelRadius-wheelThick);
    WheelRim();
    translate([d,0,0]) WheelRim();
    translate([0,d,0]) WheelRim();
    translate([d,d,0]) WheelRim();
}

// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// One rim for the two part paddles
// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
module WheelRim() {
    intersection() {
        // a complete wheel
        Wheel();
        // cut away the tire, only leave the rim
        cylinder(r=wheelRadius-wheelThick-spc-0.01,h=wheelWidth+1);
    }
}

// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Gluing support for the rims, give them the correct height in the wheel
// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
module RimGlueSupport() {
    difference() {
        // basic pipe shape
        pipe(wheelRadius-wheelThick-spc-0.01,5,wheelWidth/2-2);
        // space for the rim at the right height
        translate([0,0,(wheelWidth-wheelThick)/2])
            wheelShape(wheelRadius-wheelThick/4, wheelThick, wheelWidth/2);
    }
    // handle to remove the support easily
    translate([-(wheelRadius-wheelThick-spc-2),-2.5,0]) cube([2*(wheelRadius-wheelThick-spc-2),5,5]);
}

// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// One paddle tire, without the rim
// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
module WheelTire() {
    difference() {
        // the complete paddle
        OnePaddle();
        // space for the rim
        cylinder(r=wheelRadius-wheelThick-0.01,h=wheelWidth+1);
    }
}

// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Multiple paddles - doing four takes very long to render
// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
module Paddles(numWheels) {
    paddleDia= 2*(wheelRadius+paddleHeight)+paddleThick;
    for (a=[1:1:numWheels/2]) {
        translate([0,(a-1)*paddleDia+1,0]) {
            // one left
            OnePaddle();
            /// one right
            translate([paddleDia+1,0,0]) mirror([0,1,0]) OnePaddle();
        }
    }
}

// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// One complete paddle
// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
module OnePaddle() {
    // the basic wheel
    Wheel();
    wr= wheelRadius-wheelThick/2;
    d= sqrt(wr*wr-r2*r2);
    // the paddle wings surrounding it
    for (a=[0:360/numPaddleElements:359]) {
        rotate([0,0,a]) {
            translate([d,-r2,wheelWidth]) {
                rotate([0,90,0]) Paddle();
            }
        }
    }
}

// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// One complete wheel, but without the paddle wings
// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
module Wheel() {
    // outer wheel
    color("darkgray") wheelShape(wheelRadius, wheelThick, wheelWidth);
    // inner wheel
    color("silver") translate([0,0,(wheelWidth-wheelThick)/2])
        wheelShape(wheelRadius-wheelThick/4, wheelThick, wheelWidth/2);

    translate([0,0,wheelWidth-3-15]) {
        // wfor= 6; // wheel fixture outer radius
        wfor= propConnector=="Hexagon" ? fixR : fixRc;
        difference() {
             // wheel fixture (inner ring outer side)
            cylinder(r=wfor,h=3);
            // space for propulsion screw
            translate([0,0,-0.01]) cylinder(r=(propScrewDia+0.4)/2,h=3.02);
        }

        // wheel spokes
        wheelSpikesAngle= 360/numWheelSpikes;
        sa= wfor*sin(wheelSpikesAngle/2);
        difference() {
            for (a=[0:wheelSpikesAngle:359]) {
                rotate([0,0,a]) hull() {
                    // inner square for hull
                    translate([sa+1,-sa-0.5,-2.5]) cube([0.1,2*sa+1,3+2.5]);
                    // outer square for hull
                    translate([wheelRadius-wheelThick/4-1,-(sa+2),-10]) cube([1,(2*sa+2),14]);
                }
            }
            // translate([0,0,-4-5]) cylinder(r=(14+4)/2,h=4+5);
            translate([0,0,-4-5]) cylinder(r=wfor,h=4+5);
        }
        // wheel fixture inner ring
        translate([0,0,-4]) WheelFixtureInside();
    }
}

// Ring with hexagon or cross inside to fit the propulsion connector from the car
module WheelFixtureInside() {
    if (propConnector=="Hexagon") {
        difference() {
            // ring
            cylinder(r=fixR,h=5);
            // space for suspension bolt
            translate([0,0,-0.01]) cylinder(r=ro,h=5.02,$fn=6);
        }
    } else { // Cross
        difference() {
            // ring
            cylinder(r=fixRc,h=5);
            // space for suspension bolt
            translate([0,0,-0.01]) {
                // space for screw
                cylinder(r=(propScrewDia+0.4)/2,h=5.02);
                // space for cross shape
                translate([-(propCrossDia+0.4)/2,-(propCrossThick+0.4)/2,0])
                    cube([propCrossDia+0.4,propCrossThick+0.4,5.02]);
                translate([-(propCrossThick+0.4)/2,-(propCrossDia+0.4)/2,0])
                    cube([propCrossThick+0.4,propCrossDia+0.4,5.02]);
            }
        }
    }
}

// Basic wheel shape
module wheelShape(r, thick, width) {
    translate([0,0,thick/2]) rotate_extrude(convexity=4,$fn=90)
        translate([r-thick/2, 0, 0])
            rotate([0,0,90]) longhole(thick/2,width,0);
}

// log hole shape
// longhole(2.5,10,30);
module longhole(r,w,h) {
    circle(r=r);
    translate([0,-r,0]) square([w-2*r,2*r]);
    translate([w-2*r,0,0]) circle(r=r);
}

// ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// a pipe - a hollow cylinder
// pipe(20,5,20);
module pipe(outerRadius, thickness, height) {
    difference() {
        cylinder(h=height, r=outerRadius);
        translate([0, 0, -0.1])
            cylinder(h=height+0.2, r=outerRadius-thickness);
    }
}

// one paddle wing
// Paddle();
module Paddle() {
    // left paddle half
    translate([r2+paddleThick/2,0,0]) paddleHalf(r1,r2,paddleThick/2,paddleHeight);
    // middle paddle piece
    translate([r2+paddleThick/2,r2,0]) {
        translate([0,0,10+paddleHeight]) rotate([0,90,0]) cylinder(r=paddleThick/2,h=wheelWidth-(2*r2+paddleThick));
        translate([0,-paddleThick/2,0]) cube([wheelWidth-(2*r2+paddleThick),paddleThick,10+paddleHeight]);
    }
    // right paddle half
    translate([wheelWidth-(r2+paddleThick/2),0,0]) mirror([1,0,0]) paddleHalf(r1,r2,paddleThick/2,paddleHeight);
}

// left/ right side of the paddle wing
// paddleHalf(r1,r2,paddleThick/2,paddleHeight);
module paddleHalf(r1,r2,th,hadd) {
    for (a=[-90:1:0]) {
        translate([r2*sin(a),r2*cos(a), r1*cos(a)+hadd]) sphere(r=th);
        translate([r2*sin(a),r2*cos(a), 0]) cylinder(r=th,h=r1*cos(a)+hadd);
    }
}

```