[User]
Okay, I'm trying to design a film scanner adapter for my Nikon camera, specifically for 110 film negatives. I've got a basic design in OpenSCAD, but it's not very flexible and I'd like to make it more parametric so I can adjust it for different lenses or film formats later.

Here's the idea: I'm using a lens reversing ring which allows me to get very close to the negative and achieve the magnification I need. The design consists of three main parts:

1.  **Negative Holder:** This is a flat surface with a small recess that holds the 110 film negative. The negative sits flat on this surface and there is a small lip to stop it from moving around.
2.  **Spacing Tube:** This is a hollow tube that goes between the negative holder and the lens mount, ensuring the correct distance for focusing. The current design has the tube depth at 65mm and uses a diameter just slightly larger than the lens mount's.
3. **Lens Mount:** This is a three-legged mount that will mate with the lens reversing ring. Currently, these are fixed, but I would like to make the attachment points flexible in terms of their spacing and how many there are (I might want 4 in the future).

My current code hardcodes a lot of values, so I need an OpenSCAD file that can handle changes to several variables. Here's what I'd like to parameterize:

*   **`negative_area_diameter`**: The diameter of the flat surface where the negative sits.
*   **`negative_lip_diameter`**: The diameter of the small recess/lip in the negative holder.
*   **`tube_length`**: The length of the spacing tube.
*   **`lens_mount_diameter`**: The diameter of the lens mount.
*   **`lens_mount_attach_diameter`**: The diameter of the circle on which the mount arms are attached.
*   **`mount_arm_count`**: The number of arms that mate with the lens mount.
*   **`mount_arm_radius`**: The radius of the mount arms.
*   **`mount_arm_thickness`**: The thickness of the mount arms.

Essentially, I want to specify the dimensions of the negative holder, the length and diameter of the tube, and then define the mounting structure parameters. I would like to be able to change these values and have the entire model updated.

Could you please create a parametric OpenSCAD file that does this? I don't need any special libraries like MCAD or BOSL for this. I'd also like some comments in the code explaining each step.

[Assistant]
Flim_Scanner.scad:
```
// How far away does the negative need to be (mm)?
tlength=65; //Spacing tube depth

lense=47.5*1; //F mount diameter
tube=lense+6; //Tube Diameter

// make the negative face
difference () {
    translate([0,0,-tlength/2]) cylinder(h=2,r=lense/2,$fn=100);
    translate([0,0,-tlength/2+1]) cylinder(h=4,r=11, center=true);
}

// Make the tube
difference() {
    translate([0,0,0]) cylinder(h=tlength,r=lense/2+3,$fn=100, center=true);
    translate([0,0,0]) cylinder(h=tlength+2,r=lense/2,$fn=100, center=true);
}

// Make the mount
intersection() {
    translate([0,0,tlength/2-2]) rotate([0,7,0]) rotate_extrude(convexity = 10, $fn = 100)  translate([tube/2-3, 0, 0]) circle(r = 1.7, $fn = 4);
    translate([0,0,0]) cube([tube/2,tube/2,tlength]);
}

rotate([0,0,120])
intersection() {
    translate([0,0,tlength/2-2]) rotate([0,7,0]) rotate_extrude(convexity = 10, $fn = 100)  translate([tube/2-3, 0, 0]) circle(r = 1.7, $fn = 4);
    translate([0,0,0]) cube([tube/2,tube/2,tlength]);
}

rotate([0,0,-120])
intersection() {
    translate([0,0,tlength/2-2]) rotate([0,7,0]) rotate_extrude(convexity = 10, $fn = 100)  translate([tube/2-3, 0, 0]) circle(r = 1.7, $fn = 4);
    translate([0,0,0]) cube([tube/2,tube/2,tlength]);
}
```


[User]
Okay, I'm trying to design a trumpet bell, or really just a section of the tubing, using OpenSCAD. I have a basic concept in mind, but I'd like to make it more flexible with parameters.

Essentially, I want to create a spiraling, expanding tube section. The shape of the tube's radius should follow the formula  `Radius = B / (x + offset)^a`, where 'x' represents the distance along the path of the tube, 'B' controls the overall size, 'offset' shifts the starting point along that path, and 'a' affects the rate of expansion. The path itself should be a spiral in the XY plane, expanding out from the center.

Here are the parameters I'd like to be able to adjust:

*   **`SizeX` and `SizeY`:** The overall size of the bounding box on the XY plane (which influences the spiral path). I should be able to adjust the x and y sizes independantly.
*   **`PlatformSizeX` and `PlatformSizeY`:** These parameters should always be `SizeX/2` and `SizeY/2`, and be derived directly from the `SizeX` and `SizeY` parameters.
*   **`NumberOfTurns`:** How many full rotations the spiral makes.
*   **`HelixFactor`:** This will control how quickly the spiral expands outwards as it turns, I think it currently increases radius by `(1-sqrt(HelixFactor*i/360))`
*   **`SectionOffset`:** The starting point along the tube path; in my current model this adds to the 'x' parameter in the radius calculation;
*   **`Factor_B`:**  Influences the overall size of the bell (the 'B' in the radius formula).
*   **`Coefficient_a`:**  The 'a' in the radius formula, affects how quickly the radius expands.
*   **`PipeThickness`:** The thickness of the pipe wall.
*   **`NumberOfElements`:** How many discrete points/spheres should be used to create the tube. I can see how many cylinders are in my current model, is it also possible to model this with a series of cylinders.
*   **`ConnectionSleeve`:** A boolean value, whether to create a small cylindrical sleeve at the end of the section for connecting to another pipe section. If "Yes", this sleeve should have the same radius as the end of the bell plus a small extra thickness. I also want to add a hole so it fits another similar pipe.

I think I'd like to create this with a series of spheres or cylinders smoothly joined to form the tube. I'm currently using spheres to define the tube.

Can you generate an OpenSCAD file with these parameters, implementing this spiraling, expanding tube? The generated file should be parametric in the parameters described above. I also want to make sure that the code is well-commented so I can follow along and understand the process. I don't need to be doing any printing directly in the code (no `echo()`).

[Assistant]
trumpettest_v02.scad:
```

// (c) 2013 Wouter Robers

SizeX=200;
SizeY=140;

PlatformSizeX=SizeX/2;
PlatformSizeY=SizeY/2;

NumberOfTurns=2.2;

HelixFactor=.15;

//How many mm from the asymptote rim of the bell do you want to start you section? For a trumpet around 5 seems to be fair. You can also change this to BellLength+SectionOffset (e.g. 205, to get the next section of pipe.
SectionOffset=105;

// The shape of the music pipe is according to the folling formula: Radius=B/(x+offset)^a. Factor B mostly influences the size of the bell at the middle.
Factor_B=310;

Factor_x0=SectionOffset;

//Coefficient mostly influences the diameter at the small end of the pipe.
Coefficient_a=0.5;
PipeThickness=0;
NumberOfElements=100;
ConnectionSleeve="No"; //[Yes,No]

union(){
	difference()
	{
		bell(PipeThickness);
		//bell(0);
	}
	if (ConnectionSleeve=="Yes")
	{
		difference()
		{
			translate([0,0,BellLength-1]) cylinder(h=5,r1=Factor_B/pow((BellLength+Factor_x0),Coefficient_a)/2+PipeThickness+.5,r2=Factor_B/pow((BellLength+Factor_x0),Coefficient_a)/2+2*PipeThickness+0.5);
			translate([0,0,BellLength-1]) cylinder(h=5+0.1,r=Factor_B/pow((BellLength+Factor_x0),Coefficient_a)/2+PipeThickness,r2=Factor_B/pow((BellLength+Factor_x0),Coefficient_a)/2+PipeThickness+0.5);
		}
	}
}
module bell(PipeRadiusOffset)
{
$fa=30;
	// Uniting a series of cylinders
	union()
	{
		// Number of cylinders
		for ( i = [0 : 360*NumberOfTurns/NumberOfElements : NumberOfTurns * 360] )
		{
		translate([PlatformSizeX*sin(i)*(1-sqrt(HelixFactor*i/360)),PlatformSizeY*cos(i)*(1-sqrt(HelixFactor*i/360)),i*0.02])
		sphere(Factor_B/pow((i/360*3.14*sqrt(2*(pow(PlatformSizeX,2)+pow(PlatformSizeY,2)))+Factor_x0),Coefficient_a)/2+PipeRadiusOffset);
echo(i/360*3.14*sqrt(2*(pow(PlatformSizeX,2)+pow(PlatformSizeY,2))));
		}
	}
}
```


[User]
Okay, I'd like to design a flexible bracelet using OpenSCAD. I've seen some designs online, but I want a parametric design that allows me to customize it. Here's what I'm looking for:

**Core Structure:**

*   **Flexible Segments:** The bracelet should be made of connected, repeating segments to achieve flexibility.
*   **Inner and Outer Radius:** I need to be able to set the inner radius (where the bracelet will sit on my wrist) and the outer radius (the overall width of the bracelet). These should be adjustable parameters.
*   **Bracelet Length/Height:** I'd like to control the bracelet's thickness (how tall it is when printed).
*   **Nozzle Diameter:** I need to input my 3D printer's nozzle diameter so the design takes gaps and widths into account.
*   **Number of Segments:** The number of repeating segments should be customizable, affecting the level of flexibility.

**Text Feature:**

*   **Text Input:** I want to add custom text to the bracelet.
*   **Text Placement:** The text should be placed on the outer circumference of the bracelet.
*   **Text Thickness:** The thickness of the text should be an adjustable parameter.
*   **Text as Holes:** I need a toggle to decide whether the text should be raised (extruded) or cut as holes in the bracelet.

**Other Features:**

*   **Gap Creation:** The segments will need gaps to allow flexibility, and the size of these gaps should be adjustable based on the nozzle size. There should be different gaps on the inner and outer parts of the segments.
*   **Solid Base Structure:** The underlying structure of the bracelet should be solid, with the flexibility and gaps created between the solid segments.
*   **Full Boolean:** There should be an option to control whether to use a full Boolean or only part of the bracelet.

**Specific OpenSCAD Requirements:**

*   I need to use the `MCAD/fonts.scad` library to handle the text.
*   The design should use a combination of `linear_extrude`, `polygon`, `rotate`, `translate`, `difference`, `union`, `cylinder` and `cube` primitives, to create the base structure, and text.
*   I need all values to be parametric, so I can adjust the bracelet later and generate new designs.
*   I want the design to be well-commented.
*   Include some basic unit tests that print some text to the console.

Could you please generate the OpenSCAD code that meets these requirements?

[Assistant]
customizable_flexible_bracelet_v06.scad:
```
//inner radius of the bracelet in mm
inner_radius = 28; //[15:150]

//outer radius of the bracelet in mm
outer_radius = 33; //[15:150]

//length (=height) of the bracelet in mm
length = 12;  // [5:60]

//diameter of your 3d printer nozzle in mm. Gaps and width will relate to this number
nozzle = 0.4;

//number of sections on bracelets
sections = 25; //[15:60]

//text to put on bracelet
text = "Ingegno.be";

//view text as holes?
holes = "no"; // [yes, no]

//text thickness as amount of nozzle
text_thickness = 4;  //[2:6]

//vol tonen of niet
full="True";  //[True, False]

use <MCAD/fonts.scad>

module test(){
  echo("test");
}

baseheight = 0.8;
r1 = inner_radius;
r2 = outer_radius;
n = sections;
gapin=2*nozzle;
gapout = 3*nozzle;
alpha = 2*PI/sections;
alpha_1 = alpha - gapin/r1;
beta = 2*PI/sections;
beta_1 = alpha - gapout/r2;
alpha_2 = gapin/r1;
beta_2 = gapout/r2;
alpha_3 = nozzle/r1;
beta_3 = nozzle/r2;

fudge = 0.01;

//process the text, we have beta_1 for the symbol, use beta_2 for border!
thisFont=8bit_polyfont();
x_shift=thisFont[0][0];
y_shift=thisFont[0][1];
theseIndicies=search(text,thisFont[2],1,1);
wordlength = (len(theseIndicies));

factorygap = 3;
scale_x = (beta_1-beta_2) * r2 / x_shift;
scale_y = (length - factorygap*gapout) / y_shift;
thicknessword = text_thickness * nozzle;

// Create the Text
module alltext() {
    for( j=[0:(len(theseIndicies)-1)] )
      rotate([0, 0, (3/2*beta_2 + (beta_1-beta_2)/2 + j* beta)*180/PI])
      translate([r2 -1.5* nozzle, -(beta_1-beta_2) * r2 /2 , factorygap/2*gapout])
      rotate([90,0,90])
        {
        scale([scale_x,scale_y,1]){
          linear_extrude(height=thicknessword)
            polygon(points=thisFont[2][theseIndicies[j]][6][0],paths=thisFont[2][theseIndicies[j]][6][1]);
        }
      }
}

module innerholes() {
  union() {
    for (i = [0:n-1]){
      rotate([0,0,(-alpha_1/2 + i* alpha)*180/PI])
        translate([r1,0,0])
          cube(size=[3*nozzle,r1*(alpha_2+alpha_3), 3*length], center=true);
    }
  }
}

module spikes() {
  linear_extrude(height=length) { union(){
    for (i = [0:n-1]){
      polygon(points = [ [r1*cos((-alpha_1/2 + i* alpha-alpha_2/2)*180/PI),
                          r1*sin((-alpha_1/2 + i* alpha-alpha_2/2)*180/PI)],
                         [r2*cos((2*beta_2/2 + (i-1)* beta)*180/PI),
                          r2*sin((2*beta_2/2 + (i-1)* beta)*180/PI)],
                         [r2*cos((2*beta_2/2 + (i-1)* beta-beta_3)*180/PI),
                          r2*sin((2*beta_2/2 + (i-1)* beta-beta_3)*180/PI)],
                         [r1*cos((-alpha_1/2 + i* alpha-alpha_2/2-alpha_3)*180/PI),
                          r1*sin((-alpha_1/2 + i* alpha-alpha_2/2-alpha_3)*180/PI)]
                         ],
                   paths = [ [0,1,2,3]]);
    }
  }}
  linear_extrude(height=length) { union(){
    for (i = [0:n-1]){
      polygon(points = [ [r1*cos((-alpha_1/2 + i* alpha+alpha_2/2+alpha_3)*180/PI),
                          r1*sin((-alpha_1/2 + i* alpha+alpha_2/2+alpha_3)*180/PI)],
                         [r2*cos(((i)* beta+beta_3)*180/PI),
                          r2*sin(( (i)* beta+beta_3)*180/PI)],
                         [r2*cos(( (i)* beta)*180/PI),
                          r2*sin(( (i)* beta)*180/PI)],
                         [r1*cos((-alpha_1/2 + i* alpha+alpha_2/2)*180/PI),
                          r1*sin((-alpha_1/2 + i* alpha+alpha_2/2)*180/PI)]
                         ],
                   paths = [ [0,1,2,3]]);
    }
  }}
}

module outerholes() {
  union() {
    for (i = [0:n-1]){
      rotate([0,0,(beta_2/2 + i* beta)*180/PI])
        translate([r2-nozzle,0,0])
          cube(size=[3*nozzle, gapout, 3*length], center=true);
    }
  }
}

module outercirc(){
  difference(){
    cylinder(h=length, r=r2, $fn=100);
    translate([0,0,-fudge]) cylinder(h=length+2*fudge, r=r2-nozzle, $fn=100);
    outerholes();
  }
}

module innercirc(){
  difference(){
    cylinder(h=length, r=r1+nozzle, $fn=100);
    translate([0,0,-fudge]) cylinder(h=length+2*fudge, r=r1, $fn=100);
    innerholes();
  }
}

module baseform(){
  union(){
    outercirc();
    innercirc();
    spikes();
  }
}

rotate([0,0,-90])
if (holes == "yes") {
  difference(){
  baseform();
  alltext();
  }
} else {
  union(){
    baseform();
    alltext();
  }
}

```


[User]
Okay, I'm looking to create a spring-like object using OpenSCAD, and I have a pretty good idea of what I want, but need a little help making it fully parametric. I want the spring to be made up of sections of rings, arranged in a kind of wavy or helical pattern, like a flat, squiggly spring.

Here's what I'm picturing, and the parameters I'd like to control:

*   **Overall Length:**  The total length of the spring when laid flat.
*   **Number of Wiggles:** How many "wiggles" or curves the spring has along its length.
*   **Angle of Arc:** The angle of the circle that makes up each wiggle. For example, a 240-degree arc would mean that each section looks like a C-shape rather than a full circle or a semi-circle. It must be between 180 and 360 degrees.
*   **Width:** The width of the "band" that makes up the spring (how thick is each ring segment).
*   **Height:** The thickness of the spring (the height of the ring segments).
*   **Resolution:** A parameter to control the smoothness of curves (like `$fn`).

Basically, I imagine each wiggle as being an arc of a ring (a section of a circle), and I'm going to want to lay these arcs end-to-end along a line. The number of wiggles determines how many of these arc sections there will be. The `Angle of Arc` determines how much of each circle is used. I need to space them out in a way that creates that squiggly shape along the length of the overall spring. Each arc will also be rotated such that they create an S-shaped path, with the total width being controlled by the length parameter, and number of wiggles.

To make this a little more clear, each 'wiggle' should not start immediately where the last one stops, but will have some straight section that moves from the previous wiggle to the next.

The core modules I think I'll need are modules for:

*   **ring:** To create a basic ring shape.
*   **arc\_of\_cylinder:** To create an arc of a cylinder (I suppose that can be a partial cylinder).
*   **arc\_of\_ring:** To create an arc of a ring.
*   **spring4**: The main module, that brings all of the above together to form the final spring.

I'm going to want to be able to set all of the parameters mentioned above. The code I wrote below calculates the necessary radius for the circles based on the length and number of wiggles, but I would like this to be handled with parameters and math inside the code itself as needed.

I am including an example below of what I have so far, in OpenSCAD format. Can you create a parametric OpenSCAD file that does this? I'm not using any special libraries.
```
/* Begin customizer.makerbot.com section. */

length = 150;
number_of_wiggles = 6;
// The portion of the circle that appears in each wiggle
angle = 240; // [180:360]
// The width of the band of material
width = 10;
height = 10;
// Circles are n-gons.  Choose n
resolution = 100;

/* End customizer.makerbot.com section. */

module ring(outer, inner, h) {
  difference() {
    cylinder(h=h, r=outer);
    cylinder(h=h, r=inner);
  }
}

module arc_of_cylinder(r, h, angle /* angle must be <= 180 */) {
  half_angle = 90 - (angle / 2);
  difference() {
    cylinder(h=h, r=r);
    rotate(half_angle) translate([-r,0,0]) cube(size=r*2);
    rotate(-half_angle) translate([-r,0,0]) cube(size=r*2);
  }
}

module arc_of_ring(outer, inner, h, angle /* must be 180 <= angle <= 360 */) {
  difference() {
    ring(outer, inner, h);
    arc_of_cylinder(r=2*outer, h=h, angle=360 - angle);
  }
}

module spring4(length, n, angle /* must be 180 <= angle <= 360 */, width, height) {
  useful_intermediate_angle = 180 - angle / 2;
  echo(useful_intermediate_angle);
  path_radius = length / (2 * n * sin(useful_intermediate_angle));
  echo(path_radius);
  half_width = width / 2;
  inner = path_radius - half_width;
  outer = path_radius + half_width;
  x_spacing = length / n;
  y_offset = length / (2 * n * tan(useful_intermediate_angle));
  epsilon = y_offset / 10000;   // Grr.
  adjusted_y_offset = y_offset - epsilon;
  union() for (i = [0 : n-1]) {
    translate([x_spacing * i, 0, 0])
      rotate([0,0,180 * i])   // mirror() works better
      translate([0, adjusted_y_offset, 0])
      arc_of_ring(outer, inner, height, angle);
  }
}

// With args from customizer.makerbot.com section above
spring4(length, number_of_wiggles, angle, width, height, $fn=resolution);
```

[Assistant]
spring4.scad:
```
/* Begin customizer.makerbot.com section. */

length = 150;
number_of_wiggles = 6;
// The portion of the circle that appears in each wiggle
angle = 240; // [180:360]
// The width of the band of material
width = 10;
height = 10;
// Circles are n-gons.  Choose n
resolution = 100;

/* End customizer.makerbot.com section. */

module ring(outer, inner, h) {
  difference() {
    cylinder(h=h, r=outer);
    cylinder(h=h, r=inner);
  }
}

module arc_of_cylinder(r, h, angle /* angle must be <= 180 */) {
  half_angle = 90 - (angle / 2);
  difference() {
    cylinder(h=h, r=r);
    rotate(half_angle) translate([-r,0,0]) cube(size=r*2);
    rotate(-half_angle) translate([-r,0,0]) cube(size=r*2);
  }
}

module arc_of_ring(outer, inner, h, angle /* must be 180 <= angle <= 360 */) {
  difference() {
    ring(outer, inner, h);
    arc_of_cylinder(r=2*outer, h=h, angle=360 - angle);
  }
}

module spring4(length, n, angle /* must be 180 <= angle <= 360 */, width, height) {
  useful_intermediate_angle = 180 - angle / 2;
  echo(useful_intermediate_angle);
  path_radius = length / (2 * n * sin(useful_intermediate_angle));
  echo(path_radius);
  half_width = width / 2;
  inner = path_radius - half_width;
  outer = path_radius + half_width;
  x_spacing = length / n;
  y_offset = length / (2 * n * tan(useful_intermediate_angle));
  epsilon = y_offset / 10000;   // Grr.
  adjusted_y_offset = y_offset - epsilon;
  union() for (i = [0 : n-1]) {
    translate([x_spacing * i, 0, 0])
      rotate([0,0,180 * i])   // mirror() works better
      translate([0, adjusted_y_offset, 0])
      arc_of_ring(outer, inner, height, angle);
  }
}

// With args from customizer.makerbot.com section above
spring4(length, number_of_wiggles, angle, width, height, $fn=resolution);

```


[User]
Okay, I'd like to design a customizable Android figure for 3D printing, similar to the one I've seen online. I need an OpenSCAD file that allows me to adjust various dimensions. Here are the features I'd like to be able to control with parameters:

*   **Body:**
    *   Body height
    *   Body radius (think of it as thickness or fatness)
*   **Neck:**
    *   Neck height
    *   Neck radius
*   **Shoulders:**
    *   Shoulder radius
*   **Legs:**
    *   Spacing between the legs
*   **Eyes:**
    *   Eye radius
    *   Vertical adjustment of the eyes' height relative to the head
*   **Antennas:**
    *   Antenna length
    *   Antenna angle (relative to vertical)
    *   Antenna thickness (radius)

Additionally, I'd like the design to include:

*   **Arms:**
    *   The arms should be attached to a kind of rounded "shoulder" piece.
    *   I need to control the height of the arms relative to the bottom of the body.
    *   There should be two arm positions to choose from: down (resting) and a waving position (raised up a little).
    *   The arm itself should be a cylinder.
    *   I need to adjust the length and radius of the arm and the size and length of the rounded shoulder attachment.
*   **Legs:**
    *   The legs should have a kind of "foot" at the bottom. The depth of this foot needs to be a parameter I can adjust, as well as the overall height of the legs. The thickness of the leg pieces should also be a parameter.

The main figure should be constructed from basic shapes - cylinders, spheres, cubes, etc., and I need to be able to specify the "starting height" for the shoulders relative to the bottom of the body.

Finally, I'd like to have a "print mode" option. In print mode, the design should output each part separately (body, head, arms, legs), translated to different positions so I can print them easily, rather than as a single assembled object.

I'm not looking for anything overly complex, but I do need all of the dimensions to be controlled with parameters. I'd like the default values to be reasonable for a classic android design. I'm not using any external libraries, so everything should be made with standard OpenSCAD functions.

[Assistant]
android_printable.scad:
```
//Android Figure
//To test out openSCAD
//by FrankkieNL (and Google)

// preview[view:south, tilt:top diagonal]

//vars
$fn=50;
//Height of Body (39)
body_height = 39; //[35:50]
//Radius of Body (22.5)
body_r = 22.5; //[21.5:Thin, 22.5:Normal, 23.5:Fat, 24.5:Extra Fat]
//Length of Neck (4)
neck_height = 4; //[1:10]
//Radius of Neck (20)
neck_r = 20; //[18:21]
//Radius of Sholder (2.5)
sholder_r = 2.5; //[1.5:Thin, 2.5:Normal, 3.5:Fat]
//Space between Legs (7)
leg_spacing = 7; //[2:14]
//Radius of Eyes (4)
eye_r = 4; //[3:6]
//Adjust height of eyes (0)
eye_height_addition = 0; //[-4:5]
//Length of Antenna (7)
antenna_lengte = 7; //[2:12]
//Angle of Antenna (25)
antenna_angle = 25; //[10:50]
//Thickness of Anntenna (2)
antenna_thick_r = 2; //[1:4]
//PRINT MODE IMPORTENT!!
print_mode = 0; //[0:Preview Mode, 1:Print Mode]

//constants
sholder_width = 60/1; //width
sholder_length = 15/1;
sholder_height = 30.5/1; //starting from bottom-body
arm_afstand_body = 2/1;
arm_thick_r = 5/1;
arm_lengte = 30/1;
arm_height_vanaf_bottom_body = 11/1; //arm down
arm_height_vanaf_bottom_body_wave = 21/1; //arm up
wave = 10/1;
leg_thick = 9/1;
leg_thick_r = 4.5/1;
leg_height = 9; //totaal
leg_depth = 32/1;

start();

//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

module start(){
	if (print_mode == 0){
		android();
	} else {
		print1();
		print2();
		print3();
	}
}

module print1(){
	translate([-50,0,-body_height]) neck();
	translate([-30,45,-body_height-neck_height]) head();
}

module print2(){
	translate([0,0,body_height])
	rotate(180,[1,0,0]){
		body();
		legs();
 	}
}

module print3(){
	translate([-20,-30,arm_thick_r]){
		rotate(90,[0,1,0]) rotate(90,[1,0,0]) arm_sholder(0,1);
	}
	translate([20,-20,arm_thick_r]){
		rotate(-90,[0,1,0]) rotate(90,[1,0,0]) arm_sholder(1,1);
	}
}

module android(){
	body();
	neck();
	head();
	translate([body_r + arm_afstand_body + arm_thick_r,0,arm_height_vanaf_bottom_body]) {
		arm_sholder(0,0);
	}
	translate([-(body_r + arm_afstand_body + arm_thick_r),0,arm_height_vanaf_bottom_body]){
		arm_sholder(1,0);
	}
	legs();
}

module body(print){
	difference(){
		color("lime") cylinder(body_height,body_r,body_r);
		sholders_diff();
	}
}

module neck(){
	//neck
  	translate([0,0,body_height])
  	color("white") cylinder(neck_height, neck_r, neck_r);
}

module head(){
  //head (15 high)
  translate([0,0,body_height + neck_height]){
     difference(){
  	scale([1,1,0.8]){
      	color("lime") sphere(body_r);
      }
	  //a bit more for safety :P
        translate([0,0,-(body_height + neck_height + 1)]) //reset translation
    	cylinder((body_height + neck_height + 1),body_r + 1,body_r + 1); //+1 to be on the safe   side
    }
  }
  antennas();
  eyes();
}

module arm_sholder(isLeft,isPrint){
	if (isLeft == 1){
		translate([0,0,wave]) {color("lime") cylinder(arm_lengte, arm_thick_r, arm_thick_r);}
		translate([sholder_length,0,-arm_height_vanaf_bottom_body + sholder_height]){
		rotate(-90,[0,1,0])
  		color("white") cylinder(sholder_length,sholder_r,sholder_r);}
	} else {
  		color("lime") cylinder(arm_lengte, arm_thick_r, arm_thick_r);
		translate([-sholder_length,0,-arm_height_vanaf_bottom_body + sholder_height])
	  	rotate(90,[0,1,0])
  		color("white") cylinder(sholder_length,sholder_r,sholder_r);
	}
}

module sholders_diff(){
  	//sholder
	difference(){
		translate([-(sholder_width/2),0,sholder_height])
	  	rotate(90,[0,1,0])
  		color("white") cylinder(sholder_width,sholder_r,sholder_r);
		translate([-(sholder_width/6),-5,sholder_height-5]) cube([sholder_width/3,10,10]);
	}
}

module antennas(){
  //antennas
  translate([10,0,15 + neck_height + body_height]) //sort-of a guess
  rotate([0,antenna_angle,0])
  color("lime") cylinder(antenna_lengte, antenna_thick_r, antenna_thick_r);
  translate([-10,0,15+ neck_height + body_height]) //sort-of a guess
  rotate([0,-antenna_angle,0])
  color("lime") cylinder(antenna_lengte, antenna_thick_r, antenna_thick_r);
}

module eyes(){
  //eyes
  translate([9,-15,9 + neck_height + body_height + eye_height_addition])
  color("white") sphere(eye_r);
  translate([-9,-15,9 + neck_height + body_height + eye_height_addition])
  color("white") sphere(eye_r);
}

module legs(){
  //legs
  translate([(leg_spacing/2) + leg_thick_r, (leg_depth/2), -leg_height])
  rotate(90,[1,0,0])
  color("lime") cylinder(32, leg_thick_r, leg_thick_r);
  translate([-((leg_spacing/2) + leg_thick_r), (leg_depth/2), -leg_height])
  rotate(90,[1,0,0])
  color("lime") cylinder(32, leg_thick_r, leg_thick_r);
  ////
  translate([(leg_spacing/2), -(leg_depth/2),-leg_height])
  color("lime") cube([leg_thick,leg_depth,leg_height]);
  translate([-(leg_spacing/2 + leg_thick), -(leg_depth/2),-leg_height])
  color("lime") cube([leg_thick,leg_depth,leg_height]);
}
```


[User]
Okay, I've got this OpenSCAD design I made for my son to chew on instead of his shirt collars, and I'd like to make it a bit more robust and customizable, and add some specific features.

Essentially, the current design is a flat, rectangular piece that folds in the middle and has clips that go around the shirt collar. It's a bit rough around the edges, and I'd like something more refined. I'm not really happy with how the clips are implemented. They're just overlapping cubes and they aren't easy to adjust. I'm also a bit tired of using that texture implementation (although I like having the parametric option for different textures).

Here's what I'm envisioning:

**Core Design:**

*   **Main Body:**  I'd like a more organic, less boxy main body. Maybe with rounded corners and the option to choose between rectangular, oval, and maybe even a rounded triangle. This will be the base structure. It will still have the fold in the middle.
*   **Parametric Size:** The overall width and height (before folding) should still be parametric, as well as the thickness of the material and the thickness of the fold area. I still want the 'gap' parameter for the length of the fold area too.
*   **Material:** It should be configurable for different material properties; for example, I might want to control parameters like softness and flexibility. I assume this means using `material()` but I would like this to be implemented so that it uses the standard `material()` and `property()` approach from the BOSL2 library.
*   **Fold:** Instead of a simple gap in the body, the fold area should be a proper hinge, again using the BOSL2 library and its `hinge()` module. I want the option to make this a living hinge or to add a pin.  There should be parameters for the hinge gap and pin size if present.

**Clip Design:**

*   **Clip Geometry:** The clip needs a major overhaul. I'd like clips that are more hook-shaped, with a curved profile that goes around the collar. It should be able to handle different shirt collar thicknesses. I don't want them to just be a bunch of overlapping cubes like before.
*   **Parametric Clipping:** Number of clips, their spacing, size (width/depth/height), and angle should all be parametric. They need to be a bit more complex, and should be attached using BOSL2's `attach()` to make placement easier. I want the user to specify the clip's overall width, depth, and height, plus the thickness of the clip wall. The user also needs to be able to control the distance of the clip from the base (i.e., the clearance).
*   **Clip Placement:** I would like to have a parameter that controls whether the clips are evenly distributed along the body of the chewie, or placed on specified positions. I'm happy with the existing method to start with but I need the option.
*   **Clip Attach:** The clip should have an option to either snap on, or be a fixed attach. If a snap is used, I want a parameter to define the snap gap.

**Texture Options:**

*   **Better Texture:** The old texture was a bit basic. I'd like to use some of the more advanced options available, like Voronoi patterns and potentially some more advanced options (maybe even a user-defined profile). It should be able to affect only one side of the object, both sides, or none. There should be options for emboss/deboss, and the depth of the texture. I'm happy to continue using spheres, cubes, lines, and cylinders as a starting point, but if it is easy to add more advanced options, that would be very helpful.

**General:**

*   **Error Handling:** I'd like to ensure that any invalid user input results in a clear error message. I'm less concerned about specific cases and more concerned with that as a general rule.
*   **BOSL2 Integration:** I would like the design to incorporate BOSL2's modules effectively.
*   **Comments:**  The code should be well-commented, making it easy for me to understand how the parameters work. I don't want to have to guess what a given variable does.
*   **Preview/Render Quality:** The preview should look good (i.e., smooth and not faceted) without too much computation time required for the preview generation. I can't make it too complex.
*   **Print Functionality:** I still need the 'print' parameter to choose between rendering just the chewie and rendering the clips individually.

Essentially, I want a much more powerful and robust design using BOSL2, that is much easier to customize and much less prone to user error than my original design.  This is a big request but the end product needs to be very user-friendly.

[Assistant]
chewie.scad:
```
// Parametric shirt clip 'chewie'
// (c) Laird Popkin, 2013

// Chewie or Clip? Print a Chewie in soft plastic (Nylon) and a set of clips in hard plastic (PLA)
print = 1; // [1:Chewie, 2:Clips]
// size of square chewie
width = 40;
// thickness of clip
bar = 4;
// height of chewie
height=8;
// thickness of fold area
thin = 1;
// length of fold area
gap=10;
// Thickness of wall at end of clip 'hole'
wall=1;
// Spacing of texture
step=5;
// Shape of texture 1
shape = 2; //[1:Flat, 2:Balls, 3:Cubes, 4:hlines, 5:vlines]
// Shape of texture 2
shape2 = 5; //[1:Flat, 2:Balls, 3:Cubes, 4:hlines, 5:vlines]
// Number of clips
numClips = 4;
// Angle clips in by this many degrees
clipAngle = 1;
// How much space around clips. This doesn't need to be particularly tight.
loose = 0.5;
clipSize = bar-loose;

clipStep = width/(numClips+1);

//imageFile="minecraft_pickaxe/mine_pick.stl";
//imageScale=0.4*1;

foldGap = gap/2;
clipGap = foldGap+2*bar+2;

module clips() {
	for (y = [0:clipGap:clipGap*(numClips-1)]) {
		translate([0,y,0]) clip();
		}
	}

module clip() {
	rotate([0,0,clipAngle]) cube([width,clipSize,clipSize]);
	translate([0,foldGap+bar,0]) rotate([0,0,-clipAngle]) cube([width,clipSize,clipSize]);
	#translate([0,1,0]) cube([clipSize,foldGap+2*bar-2,clipSize]);
	}

module chewie() {
	difference() {
		union() {
			texture();
			//translate([width/2,width/2,height-0.5]) scale([imageScale,imageScale,imageScale]) import(imageFile);
			translate([width+gap,0,0]) texture2();
			cube([2*width+gap,width,height]);	// base shape
			}

		for (y = [clipStep-bar/2:clipStep:width-clipStep])
			translate([wall,y,thin]) cube([2*width+gap-2*wall,bar,bar]);	// clips

		translate([width,-1,thin]) cube([gap,width+2,height]); // gap where it folds
		}
	}

module texture() {
	echo(str("Shape is ",shape));

	if (shape == 2) balls();
	if (shape == 3) cubes();
	if (shape == 4) hlines();
	if (shape == 5) vlines();
	if (shape2 == 6) cylinders();
	}

module texture2() {
	echo(str("Shape2 is ",shape));

	if (shape2 == 2) balls();
	if (shape2 == 3) cubes();
	if (shape2 == 4) hlines();
	if (shape2 == 5) vlines();
	if (shape2 == 6) cylinders();
	}

module balls () {
	for (x = [step/2:step:width-step/2]) {
		for (y = [step/2:step:width-step/2]) {
			translate([x,y,height]) sphere(step/2,$fn=16);
			}
		}
	}

module cubes () {
	for (x = [step/2:step:width-step/2]) {
		for (y = [step/2:step:width-step/2]) {
			translate([x,y,height]) cube(step/2,center=true);
			}
		}
	}

module hlines() {
	for (x = [step/2:step:width-step/2]) {
		translate([x,0,height]) cube([1,width,1]);
		}
	}

module vlines() {
	for (y = [step/2:step:width-step/2]) {
		translate([0,y,height]) cube([width,1,1]);
		}
	}

module cylinders() {
	for (x = [step/2:step:width-step/2]) {
		for (y = [step/2:step:width-step/2]) {
			translate([x,y,height]) cyninder(r=step/2,h=1,$fn=16);
			}
		}
	}

if (print == 1) chewie();
if (print == 2) clips();
```


[User]
Okay, I'd like to design a custom whistle, and I'd like to use OpenSCAD to do it parametrically. I've seen a design that's pretty close to what I want, and I'll describe it along with my desired modifications.

The basic shape of the whistle is a cylinder with a blowing element that sticks out the side. The core of the whistle is hollowed out, and there's also a smaller channel that cuts into the main cylindrical cavity, creating the "whistle" part. Inside there is also a sphere that bounces around to create the whistle sound.

Here are the parameters I need to control, and some ranges I'd like:

*   **`rad`**: The radius of the main cylindrical body of the whistle, in millimeters. I'd like a range of 20 to 50 mm for this.
*   **`hoehe`**: The height of the whistle, in millimeters. I'd like a range of 15 to 30 mm.
*   **`laenge`**: The length of the blowing element that sticks out, in millimeters. I'd like a range of 20 to 50 mm.
*   **`make_holder`**: A boolean (0 or 1) to decide whether or not to include a handle on the whistle.
*  **`textshow`**: A string that determines the text printed on the whistle.
*   **`textsize`**: An integer determining the size of the text on the whistle, ranging from 8-14 mm.
*   **`dicke`**: The thickness of the walls, should be able to set this to at least 2mm.
*   **`breite`**: The width of the blowing element, around 6mm.
*   **`ball`**: The radius of the internal sphere that makes the whistle sound. I'd like the ability to change this in the final design.
* **`buffer`**: An integer offset for the hollowed out space of the whistle.
*   **`dostay`**: A boolean (0 or 1) that will add a small cube to the bottom of the whistle that allows it to sit on the table without rolling.

Here are the design elements to create:

1.  **Main Cylinder:** A cylinder with radius `rad/2` and height `hoehe`. This forms the main body of the whistle.
2.  **Blowing Element:** A rectangular prism (or cube) that extends outwards from the main cylinder. Its dimensions are `laenge` x `breite` x `hoehe`, and it’s positioned such that it connects to the cylinder on its side.
3.  **Hollow Core:** The interior of the whistle needs to be hollow. This is created by subtracting a smaller cylinder (radius `rad/2 - dicke`, height `hoehe - 2*dicke + buffer`) from the main cylinder and a rectangular prism (`laenge + dicke` x `breite - dicke*2` x `hoehe - 2*dicke + buffer`) from the blowing element.
4.  **Whistle Channel:** A channel needs to be cut into the side of the whistle to produce sound. This will be done using a few smaller rectangular prisms.
5. **Text on whistle**: The text specified by `textshow` with the size specified by `textsize` needs to be displayed on the top of the whistle.  If the radius is larger than 39mm it should use `writecylinder` from the write library, and use write in other cases.
6. **Internal sphere:**  A sphere of radius `ball` needs to be created, positioned near the whistle channel.
7.  **Handle:** If `make_holder` is true, create a handle on the side of the whistle that could be used as a keychain loop.
8.  **Support Ring (for larger whistles):** If the radius `rad` is greater than 39, add a support cylinder to the inside to help with printing.

The original design uses a few things I'd like to mimic:

*   It uses the `write/Write.scad` library for text. Please be sure to use this library for my text as well.

I think that's everything. Let me know if you have any questions!

[Assistant]
whistle_customizer_v12.scad:
```

// Radius of the whistle in mm
rad = 30; // [20:50]

// Height of the whistle in mm
hoehe  =  20;  // [15:30]

// Length of blow element in mm
laenge =  35;  // [20:50]

// Make a handle for whistle?
make_holder =  1;  // [0:1]

//text to put on bracelet
textshow = "Love";

// Textsize on whistle
textsize =  10;  // [8:14]

// preview[view:south, tilt:top]

// ............................................................

// Pfeife by Nischi, Alexander Nischelwitzer
// nischelwitzer@gmail.com (C)Jan/2013
// http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:41915
//
// V1.1 Rotationsrundung weg
// V1.2 stärkerer Halter
// V2.0 Optimierunge für Parameter
// V2.1 Textparameter, Anpassung Innenkugel hohl
// V2.2 Innenkugel mit 1mm Ständer
// V2.3 dynamischer Halter (scale)
// V2.4 innenreifen für rad>40 zum deckel machen, innenkugel true/false
// V2.5 if statements, round text, dynamic handle, staender, adjustment inner sphere
// V2.6 corrected some bugs, better whistle hole

use <write/Write.scad>
// http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:16193

// ============================================================
// Paramters

dicke  =   2+0;
breite =   6+0;

ball   =   3+0;
buffer =   0+0;
texth  =   1+0;

dostay =   false+0;

// ============================================================

pfeife(textshow, textsize);

// ============================================================

module pfeife(name,sizename)
{

  if (make_holder) rotate([90,0,0]) translate([-rad/2+0.1,hoehe/2,0]) scale([15/hoehe,1,1]) halter(dicke);

  if (rad < 40) rotate([0,0,0])  translate([0,0,hoehe]) texter(name, sizename);
  if (rad > 39)
  {
    color("yellow") writecylinder(name,[0,0,0],t=3,h=9,font="write/Letters.dxf",
      space=1.2, rad/2+1,hoehe,face="top");
  }

  difference()
  {
    union()
    {
      color("red") translate([0,0,0]) cylinder(hoehe, r=rad/2, $fn = 35);
      color("red") translate([0,rad/2-breite,0]) cube([laenge,breite,hoehe]);
      color("red") translate([0,0,0]) cube([rad/2,rad/2,hoehe]);
	}
    translate([0,0,dicke]) cylinder(hoehe-dicke*2+buffer, r=rad/2-dicke, $fn = 25);
    translate([0,rad/2-breite+dicke,dicke])
      cube([laenge+dicke,breite-dicke*2,hoehe-dicke*2+buffer]);

    if (rad > 39) // stützkreis
      translate([0,0,0]) cylinder(hoehe, r=(rad-25)/2-dicke, $fn = 25);

    color("blue") translate([dicke*5,rad/2-dicke/3,dicke]) rotate([0,0,150])
      cube([dicke*5,dicke*2,hoehe-2*dicke]);  // Pfeifenschlitz mit Winkel
    color("blue") translate([4,rad/2-7.5,dicke]) rotate([0,0,0])
      cube([rad/8,10,hoehe-2*dicke]); // Schlitz gerader Block
  }

  if (dostay) // to let it stay on table for presentation
    color("black") translate([-rad/6,-rad/2,0]) cube([rad/3,dicke,hoehe]);

  if (rad > 39) // stützkreis
  {
    difference() {
      translate([0,0,dicke]) cylinder(hoehe-dicke*2, r=(rad-25)/2, $fn = 35);
      translate([0,0,dicke]) cylinder(hoehe-dicke*2, r=(rad-25)/2-dicke, $fn = 25);
    }
  }

  if (true) // innere sphere - innenkugel mit stäender
  {
    color("red") translate([0,rad/2-7.5,dicke]) cylinder(1, r=1, $fn = 10);
    difference() // innenkugel
    {
      color("red") translate([0,rad/2-7.5,dicke+ball+1+1]) sphere(ball+1, $fn=25);
      color("red") translate([0,rad/2-7.5,dicke+ball+1+1]) sphere(ball, $fn=25);
    }
  }
}

// ============================================================

module texter(gotname="NIS", sizename=11)
{
  color("yellow")   translate([0.5,2,0]) rotate([0,0,40])
    write(gotname,t=3,h=sizename,font="write/Letters.dxf", space=0.90, center=true);
}

module halter(dicke=1)
{
  difference()
  {
    union()
    {
      color("blue") translate([0,0,-dicke]) cylinder(dicke*2, r=hoehe/2, $fn = 25);
	}
    translate([0,0,-dicke]) cylinder(hoehe-dicke*2, r=hoehe/2-dicke*hoehe/15, $fn = 25);
    translate([0,-hoehe,-dicke]) cube([hoehe,hoehe*2,dicke*2]);
  }
}

// ============================================================

```


[User]
Okay, I want to create a circular coin with some text written in a circular Gallifreyan style. I have a basic SCAD file that does this, but it's a bit hard to tweak and I'd like something more parametric.

Here’s what I’m looking for:

**Overall Design:**

*   A circular coin shape.
*   Circular Gallifreyan text arranged in a circle around the coin's center, basically like a ring.
*   The text should be engraved (or cut out). I don't need a raised text effect.
*   The coin and text should both be parametric.

**Parameters:**

*   **`word`**: The text to be displayed (string).
*   **`outer_radius`**: The radius of the coin.
*   **`coin_thickness`**: The thickness of the coin.
*   **`pendant_radius`**: The radius of the circle on which the text is written, like a circle where you'd place the center of each letter.
*  **`letter_radius`**: The radius of the large circles used in each letter.
*   **`line_thickness`**: The thickness of the lines used to draw the text elements (small circles, lines).
*   **`line_height`**: The depth/height of the engraved text (depth if cutting, height if extruding).

**Gallifreyan Text Logic:**

I have a custom way of interpreting letters as circular gallifreyan characters. I've included the letter conversion rules in the SCAD file (functions like `isVowel`, `isCons1`, `isCons2`, `write_vowel`, `write_consonant`, etc.). The code already has that defined so just use the same logic from that. It's based on the idea of consonants and vowels, and it groups consonants in a specific way.

**Details:**

*   The letters should be evenly spaced around the `pendant_radius`.
*   There are a few different types of "marks" in the text: circles (both large and small), dots, and short lines. These should be customizable with the parameters listed above, such as `letter_radius`.
*   There are some calculations for dot spacing as well (look for `large_dot_radius`, `small_dot_radius`, `dot_offset` calculations).
*   The code uses a few helper modules like `arc_segment`, `circle_line`, and `line` which you could recreate for use in the code.

**Requirements:**

*   The code needs to use the same logic that I provided for valid words and rendering letters, including the `isLetterStart` and `whichLetter` functions. This logic is a bit complex and the function names should be kept the same so that you don't miss anything.
* The code should be written in a parametric way, so that changing any of the parameters above changes the rendering.
*   The coin should be cut out using a `difference()` and extrusion.
*   The code should have error checking for invalid words, outputting an `echo("invalid input")` if there's a problem.
*   I'd like the code to be as readable as possible.
*   I don't need any libraries beyond the standard OpenSCAD library, and the code should be self contained.

I’ve included my existing .scad file for reference which you can use to make sure you've captured all of the details. Please provide the new parametric OpenSCAD code.

[Assistant]
Gali.scad:
```

// Word to display
word = "thingiverse";

// Radius of coin
outer_radius = 32;

// Thickness of coin
coin_thickness = 2;

// Radius of writing
pendant_radius = 20;

// Radius of the large circles in a letter
letter_radius = 10;

// Thickness of writing
line_thickness = 1;

// Height of writing
line_height = 1;

/////////////////////////////////////////
//CUSTOMIZER VARIABLES END
/////////////////////////////////////////

large_circle_radius = letter_radius;
small_circle_radius = letter_radius/4;

large_dot_radius = letter_radius/7;
small_dot_radius = letter_radius/8;

dot_offset = large_circle_radius/4*3;

chars_in_word = lenWord(word, 0, len(word));
spacing_angle = 360 / chars_in_word;

// draw the coin if it's valid
if (len(word) > 0 && isValidWord(word))
{
  difference()
  {
    linear_extrude(height=coin_thickness)
      circle(outer_radius);

    translate([0,0,coin_thickness-line_height])
      linear_extrude(height=line_height+0.1)
      rotate([0,0,-90])
      write_circle();
  }
}
else
{
  echo("invalid input");
}

/////////////////////////////////////////
// TEXT HELPER ROUTINES

function isVowel(t,p,l) = (l - p > 0)
                       && (t[p] == "a" || t[p] == "e" || t[p] == "i" || t[p] == "o" || t[p] == "u");
function isConsWithH(t,p,l) = (l - p > 1)
                           && (t[p+1] == "h")
                           && (t[p] == "t" || t[p] == "s" || t[p] == "c");
function isConsNG(t,p,l) = (l - p > 1)
                        && t[p] == "n"
                        && t[p+1] == "g";
function isConsQU(t,p,l) = (l - p > 1)
                        && t[p] == "q"
                        && t[p+1] == "u";
function isCons2(t,p,l) = isConsWithH(t,p,l) || isConsNG(t,p,l) || isConsQU(t,p,l);
function isCons1(t,p,l) = (l - p > 0)
                       && (t[p] == "b" || t[p] == "d" || t[p] == "f" || t[p] == "g" || t[p] == "h" ||
                           t[p] == "j" || t[p] == "k" || t[p] == "l" || t[p] == "m" || t[p] == "n" ||
                           t[p] == "p" || t[p] == "t" || t[p] == "r" || t[p] == "s" || t[p] == "v" ||
                           t[p] == "w" || t[p] == "y" || t[p] == "z" || t[p] == "x");
function isCons2WithVowel(t,p,l) = isVowel(t,p+2,l) && isCons2(t,p,l);
function isCons1WithVowel(t,p,l) = isVowel(t,p+1,l) && isCons1(t,p,l);

function isValid(t,p,l) = l == p ? true
                        : isVowel(t,p,l) ? isValid(t,p+1,l)
                        : isCons2(t,p,l) ? isValid(t,p+2,l)
                        : isCons1(t,p,l) ? isValid(t,p+1,l) : false;

function lenWord(t,p,l) = isVowel(t,p,l) ? 1 + lenWord(t,p+1,l)
                        : isCons2WithVowel(t,p,l) ? 1 + lenWord(t,p+3,l)
                        : isCons1WithVowel(t,p,l) ? 1 + lenWord(t,p+2,l)
                        : isCons2(t,p,l) ? 1 + lenWord(t,p+2,l)
                        : isCons1(t,p,l) ? 1 + lenWord(t,p+1,l)
                        : 0;

function isValidWord(txt) = isValid(txt,0,len(txt));

function isLetterStart(s,t,p,l) = s == p ? true
                                : s < p ? false
                                : isVowel(t,p,l) ? isLetterStart(s,t,p+1,l)
                                : isCons2WithVowel(t,p,l) ? isLetterStart(s,t,p+3,l)
                                : isCons1WithVowel(t,p,l) ? isLetterStart(s,t,p+2,l)
                                : isCons2(t,p,l) ? isLetterStart(s,t,p+2,l)
                                : isCons1(t,p,l) ? isLetterStart(s,t,p+1,l)
                                : false;
function whichLetter(s,t,p,l) = s <= p ? 0
                                : isVowel(t,p,l) ? 1 + whichLetter(s,t,p+1,l)
                                : isCons2WithVowel(t,p,l) ? 1 + whichLetter(s,t,p+3,l)
                                : isCons1WithVowel(t,p,l) ? 1 + whichLetter(s,t,p+2,l)
                                : isCons2(t,p,l) ? 1 + whichLetter(s,t,p+2,l)
                                : isCons1(t,p,l) ? 1 + whichLetter(s,t,p+1,l)
                                : 0;

/////////////////////////////////////////
// GENERATE THE WRITING

module write_circle()
{
  for (letter = [0 : len(word)-1])
  {
    if (isLetterStart(letter, word, 0, len(word)))
    {
      rotate([0, 0, spacing_angle * whichLetter(letter, word, 0, len(word))])
        translate([pendant_radius, 0, 0])
        write_circle_letter(word, letter, len(word));
    }
  }
}

module write_circle_letter(t,p,l)
{
  // centered around positive x-axis

  if (p < l)
  {
    if (isVowel(t,p,l))
    {
      translate([-pendant_radius, 0, 0])
        arc_segment(spacing_angle, pendant_radius);

      write_vowel(t[p]);
    }
    else if (isCons2(t,p,l))
    {
      write_consonant(str(t[p],t[p+1]), isCons2WithVowel(t,p,l) ? t[p+2] : undef);
    }
    else if (isCons1(t,p,l))
    {
      write_consonant(t[p], isCons1WithVowel(t,p,l) ? t[p+1] : undef);
    }
    else
    {
      echo("wha? invalid character");
    }
  }
}

module write_vowel(c)
{
  if (c == "a")
  {
    translate([letter_radius/2,0,0])
      circle_line(small_circle_radius);
  }
  else if (c == "e")
  {
    circle_line(small_circle_radius);
  }
  else if (c == "i")
  {
    circle_line(small_circle_radius);
    rotate([0,0,180])
      translate([small_circle_radius,0,0])
      line(letter_radius - small_circle_radius);
  }
  else if (c == "o")
  {
    translate([-letter_radius/2,0,0])
    circle_line(small_circle_radius);
  }
  else if (c == "u")
  {
    circle_line(small_circle_radius);
    translate([small_circle_radius,0,0])
      line(letter_radius - small_circle_radius);
  }
  else
  {
    echo("wha? invalid vowel");
  }
}

module write_consonant(c,v)
{
  // SET 1
  if (c == "b" || c == "ch" || c == "d" || c == "f" || c == "g" || c == "h")
  {
    difference()
    {
      union()
      {
        translate([-pendant_radius, 0, 0])
          arc_segment(spacing_angle, pendant_radius);
        translate([-large_circle_radius,0,0])
          circle_line(large_circle_radius);
      }
      square(small_circle_radius*2, center=true);
    }

    translate([-large_circle_radius,0,0])
    {
      if (c == "ch")     write_circle_modifier(1);
      else if (c == "d") write_circle_modifier(2);
      else if (c == "f") write_circle_modifier(3);
      else if (c == "g") write_circle_modifier(4);
      else if (c == "h") write_circle_modifier(5);

      if (v) write_vowel(v);
    }
  }
  // SET 2
  else if (c == "j" || c == "k" || c == "l" || c == "m" || c == "n" || c == "p")
  {
    translate([-pendant_radius, 0, 0])
      arc_segment(spacing_angle, pendant_radius);

    translate([-large_circle_radius-large_dot_radius,0,0])
    {
      circle_line(large_circle_radius);

      if (c == "k")      write_circle_modifier(1);
      else if (c == "l") write_circle_modifier(2);
      else if (c == "m") write_circle_modifier(3);
      else if (c == "n") write_circle_modifier(4);
      else if (c == "p") write_circle_modifier(5);

      if (v) write_vowel(v);
    }
  }
  // SET 3
  else if (c == "t" || c == "sh" || c == "r" || c == "s" || c == "v" || c == "w")
  {
    difference()
    {
      translate([-pendant_radius, 0, 0])
        arc_segment(spacing_angle, pendant_radius);
      circle(large_circle_radius - line_thickness/2);
    }
    difference()
    {
      rotate(180) arc_segment(180, large_circle_radius);
      difference()
      {
        translate([-pendant_radius,0,0]) circle(pendant_radius+large_circle_radius);
        translate([-pendant_radius,0,0]) circle(pendant_radius);
      }
    }

    if (c == "sh")     write_circle_modifier(1);
    else if (c == "r") write_circle_modifier(2);
    else if (c == "s") write_circle_modifier(3);
    else if (c == "v") write_circle_modifier(4);
    else if (c == "w") write_circle_modifier(5);

    if (v) write_vowel(v);
  }
  // SET 4
  else if (c == "th" || c == "y" || c == "z" || c == "ng" || c == "qu" || c == "x")
  {
    translate([-pendant_radius, 0, 0])
      arc_segment(spacing_angle, pendant_radius);

    circle_line(large_circle_radius);

    if (c == "y")       write_circle_modifier(1);
    else if (c == "z")  write_circle_modifier(2);
    else if (c == "ng") write_circle_modifier(3);
    else if (c == "qu") write_circle_modifier(4);
    else if (c == "x")  write_circle_modifier(5);

    if (v) write_vowel(v);
  }
  else
  {
    echo("wha? invalid consonant");
  }
}

module write_circle_modifier(y)
{
  if (y == 1)
  {
    rotate(-45) translate([-dot_offset,0,0]) circle(large_dot_radius);
    rotate(-70) translate([-dot_offset,0,0]) circle(small_dot_radius);
  }
  else if (y == 2)
  {
    rotate(-40) translate([-dot_offset,0,0]) circle(small_dot_radius);
    rotate(-65) translate([-dot_offset,0,0]) circle(large_dot_radius);
    rotate(-90) translate([-dot_offset,0,0]) circle(small_dot_radius);
  }
  else if (y == 3)
  {
    rotate(180+15) translate([large_circle_radius,0,0]) line(letter_radius);
    rotate(180   ) translate([large_circle_radius,0,0]) line(letter_radius);
    rotate(180-15) translate([large_circle_radius,0,0]) line(letter_radius);
  }
  else if (y == 4)
  {
    rotate(180   ) translate([large_circle_radius,0,0]) line(letter_radius);
  }
  else if (y == 5)
  {
    rotate(180+15) translate([large_circle_radius,0,0]) line(letter_radius);
    rotate(180-15) translate([large_circle_radius,0,0]) line(letter_radius);
  }
}

/////////////////////////////////////////
// WRITING HELPERS

module arc_segment(angle, radius, thick)
{
  // centered around positive x-axis

  pos_x = cos(angle/2) * radius * 1.5;
  pos_y = sin(angle/2) * radius * 1.5;

  intersection()
  {
    if (angle < 360)
      polygon([ [0,0], [pos_x,-pos_y], [radius * 1.5,0], [pos_x,+pos_y] ]);

    circle_line(radius);
  }
}

module circle_line(radius)
{
  difference()
  {
    circle(radius + line_thickness/2);
    circle(radius - line_thickness/2);
  }
}

module line(length)
{
  translate([0,-line_thickness/2,0])
    square([length, line_thickness]);
}

```


[User]
Okay, I've been experimenting with some 3D printed shelves and I'd like to explore this concept further. I have a basic OpenSCAD design that creates tetris-shaped shelves, but it’s a bit limited and I want to make it much more flexible.

Currently, I have a file `tetris_bookshelf_v1-0.scad` that creates a single tetris piece. It uses a `build_plate.scad` file for the base. The current parameters are:
*   `_1_piece`: Defines the tetris piece type (currently set to "T", but can be "I", "Z", "L", or "O").
*   `_2_size`: Defines the base size of a single block within the tetris piece (currently 60mm).
*   `_3_depth`: Defines the depth of the tetris piece (currently 60mm).
*   `_4_thickness`: Defines the wall thickness of the piece (currently 2mm).

My goal is to create a more modular bookshelf system that I can customize easily, and I need your help creating a new OpenSCAD file that builds upon this concept. Here's what I'd like the new design to do:

**Core Functionality & Parameters:**

1.  **Tetris Piece Options:** Maintain the ability to create "I", "Z", "L", "T", and "O" tetris pieces. I would like to make this modular, so that instead of needing to change the letter in a variable, the user is able to select a specific module with a clear name.

2.  **Parametric Piece Dimensions:**
    *   Instead of using a base size for the "block" use separate, independent parameters for overall `width`, `height`, and `depth` of each type of piece.
     * Make the default value of `width` equal to `height` so that an “I” is a square.
    *   Maintain a `thickness` parameter for the wall thickness.
    *   Allow scaling of each piece independently along X, Y and Z axes to permit more design options.

3. **Assembly System**
   * Design a system where pieces can be connected via interlocking dovetail joints, like puzzle pieces. The exact shape and dimensions of the connectors should be configurable parameters, for example `dovetail_width`, `dovetail_height`, and `dovetail_depth`.  Make it so that these dovetail joints can optionally be added to any number of sides of any individual piece.
   * The connector system should support joining of individual pieces side-to-side or up and down.
    *  There will need to be an offset between the dovetails and the face of the part. The user should specify the size of this offset through a parameter called `dovetail_offset`.

4.  **Array Placement:**  I want to be able to easily arrange these tetris pieces in a grid or other pattern.
    *   Include parameters for `x_spacing`, `y_spacing`, and `z_spacing` to control the gaps between pieces when arraying them, if any.
    *   Support a basic array placement function, where I can specify the number of rows and columns (and potentially layers later) and have the chosen tetris piece repeated accordingly.
	*   Include a way for the user to control the orientation (rotation about the Z axis) of each piece in the array.
	* Add a way to specify which piece should be used in each cell of the array.

5.  **Customization:**
    *   Include an option to add a small cylindrical hole (parameter controlled `hole_radius` and `hole_depth`) on any or all faces.
    *   It should be easy to choose to fillet or chamfer the outer edges of each tetris piece with configurable parameters for radius/length.

6. **File Management**
  *  Each piece should be rendered separately as its own STL file.

**Library Requirements:**

I would prefer that you do not use libraries not built into OpenSCAD.

**Output:**

I need a single, well-organized OpenSCAD file that implements this functionality. Include comments to help me understand the code, and try to use descriptive variable names. I'm also happy to have suggestions that you think I might find helpful, since you’re the expert.

[Assistant]
tetris_bookshelf_v1-0.scad:
```
use <utils/build_plate.scad>

// type of tetris piece
_1_piece = "T"; //[I,Z,L,T,O]

// size of a tetris block (parts will be larger)
_2_size = 60;

// depth of the tetris piece
_3_depth = 60;

// thickness of the walls
_4_thickness = 2;

module createPart(type, size, depth, thickness) {
	eps = 0.1;

	translate([0,0,depth/2]) {
		if (type == "I") {
			difference() {
				cube(size=[size*4, size, depth], center=true);
				cube(size=[size*4-thickness*2, size-thickness*2, depth+eps], center=true);
			}
		} else if (type == "O") {
			difference() {
				cube(size=[size*2, size*2, depth], center=true);
				cube(size=[size*2-thickness*2, size*2-thickness*2, depth+eps], center=true);
			}
		} else if (type == "T" || type == "L") {
			translate([0, -size/2,0])
			difference() {
				union() {
					cube(size=[size*3, size, depth], center=true);
					translate([type == "L" ? size : 0, size/2,0]) {
						cube(size=[size, size*2, depth], center=true);
					}
				}
				cube(size=[size*3-thickness*2, size-thickness*2, depth+eps], center=true);
				translate([type == "L" ? size : 0, size/2,0]) {
					cube(size=[size-thickness*2, size*2-thickness*2, depth+eps], center=true);
				}
			}
		} else if (type == "Z") {
			difference() {
				union() {
					cube(size=[size, size*2, depth], center=true);
					translate([size/2, size/2,0]) {
						cube(size=[size*2, size, depth], center=true);
					}
					translate([-size/2, -size/2,0]) {
						cube(size=[size*2, size, depth], center=true);
					}
				}
				cube(size=[size - thickness*2, size*2 - thickness*2, depth+eps], center=true);
				translate([size/2, size/2,0]) {
					cube(size=[size*2 - thickness*2, size - thickness*2, depth+eps], center=true);
				}
				translate([-size/2, -size/2,0]) {
					cube(size=[size*2 - thickness*2, size - thickness*2, depth+eps], center=true);
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

build_plate(0);
createPart(_1_piece, _2_size, _3_depth, _4_thickness);

```


[User]
Okay, I'm looking to create a custom 3D-printable object with an embedded QR code, and I need some help generating the OpenSCAD code.  I've seen some examples, but I need something that's more tailored to my needs.

Here's what I'm envisioning.  I want a system that allows me to generate different types of objects, all with an integrated QR code. I'm thinking:

1.  **Basic QR Code Only:**  An option to generate just the 3D representation of the QR code itself, without any surrounding shape.

2.  **Rectangular Tag:** I'd need a rectangular tag with customizable width, height, and thickness. I'd like the option to round the corners, either two opposite corners or all four, with a settable radius.

3.  **iPhone Cases:** I'd like pre-built options for iPhone cases (specifically for iPhone 4 and iPhone 5). It would be great if those cases also had the QR code on the back.

4.  **Rectangular Tag with Hole:** Finally, an option for a rectangular tag but with a hole in it (customizable position and radius).

For all of these, the QR code should have customizable:

*   **Position:**  X, Y, and Z location relative to the object.
*   **Rotation:** Rotation around the Z-axis.
*   **Size:** A scale factor applied to the base QR code block size.
*   **Thickness:**  The thickness of the QR code geometry.
*   **Tolerance:** A tolerance value for fitting purposes.
*   **Flip:** An option to mirror the QR code geometry (useful for readability when viewed from the bottom).

The system must also be able to work in additive or subtractive modes with respect to the object and the QR code. This means, for example, I can choose to add the QR code as a raised part or subtract the QR code to make an impression in the object shape.

On top of that, I need a perimeter/wall option.  This should add a wall around the object, mirroring the outer edges of the main shape (and taking into account any rounded corners).  The wall should have configurable offset from the main object, wall thickness, and wall height.

I'd like the code to use modules for each shape and the QR code generation to make it more readable and easier to modify later on.

I'll need the following variables at the beginning of the file:
*   `add_sub`: To determine whether to add (2) or subtract (1) the QR code geometry
*   `code_flip`:  To mirror the QR code (0:No, 1:Yes).
*   `obj`:  To select the object type (0:QR data only, 1:Rectangle, 2:iPhone 4, 3:iPhone 5, 4:Rectangle with hole).
*   `case_thickness`:  Thickness option for iPhone cases.
*   `round_corner`:  To enable corner rounding (1:No, 2:Yes).
*   `corner_num`: For rounding either two corners (0) or all four (1).
*   `corner_radius`:  The radius for rounded corners.
*   `tag_width`: The width of the rectangular tag.
*   `tag_height`:  The height of the rectangular tag.
*   `tag_thickness`:  The thickness of the rectangular tag.
*   `hole_x`:  X position of the hole center (for rectangle with hole).
*   `hole_y`:  Y position of the hole center (for rectangle with hole).
*   `hole_r`: Radius of the hole (for rectangle with hole).
*    `perimeter`: Distance of the perimeter from the main object.
*    `per_w`: Wall thickness of the perimeter.
*   `per_h`: Wall height of the perimeter.
*   `qr_scale`: Scale factor for the QR code.
*   `qr_tolerance`:  Tolerance for the QR code.
*   `qr_x`:  X location of the QR code center.
*   `qr_y`: Y location of the QR code center.
*   `qr_bottom`: Z location of the bottom of the QR code.
*   `qr_thickness`: Thickness of the QR code.
*   `qr_rotate`: Rotation of the QR code around the z-axis (degrees).
*   `qr_size`: Dimension of the QR code (from QR SIZE.txt).
*   `qr_data`: Raw QR code data (from QR DATA.txt)
*   `qr_num`: The total number of data elements (calculated as `qr_size * qr_size`).

For the iPhone cases, I'd like to use the dimensions from the Makerbot customizable iPhone case, so make sure you include that code. I don't need the entire library but do need the code to create those iPhone case objects in the `iPhone4Case` and `iPhone5Case` modules. Use the `iPhoneGlass`, `iPhoneStrip`, and `iPhoneCameraHole` helper modules, please. Additionally, make sure the code is already flipped for the iPhone cases so they are readable from the back of the phone.

I think that's all the requirements.  Let me know if you need any clarification.

[Assistant]
QR_Code.scad:
```
//////////VARIABLE DECLARATIONS//////////

//preview[view:north east, tilt: top diagonal]

//QR Code Data Display Method
add_sub = 2; //[1:Subtract QR Geometry,2:Add QR Geometry]

//QR Code Mirroring. No: QR code is scanable from top of object. Yes: QR code is scanable from bottom of object. NOTE: Code is already flipped for iPhone cases so it will be scanable from back of iPhone case.
code_flip = 0; //[0:No,1:Yes]

//Select Main Object
obj = 1; //[0:QR data only,1:Rectangle,2:iPhone 4,3:iPhone 5,4:Rectangle with hole]

//Thickness option for iPhone cases
case_thickness = 1.8; //[1.8:Slim,2.4:Sturdy]

//For rectangles only (will also round perimeters)
round_corner = 1; //[1:No,2:Yes]

//Two opposite corners or all four corners
corner_num = 0; //[0:Two,1:Four]

//For rectangles and perimeters only (will also round perimeters) (mm)
corner_radius = 10;

//Width of object (mm)
tag_width = 80;

//Height of object (mm)
tag_height = 80;

//Thickness of object (mm)
tag_thickness = 3;

//X Location of hole center (for rectangle with hole) (mm)
hole_x = 30;

//Y Location of hole center (for rectanlge with hole) (mm)
hole_y = 0;

//Radius of hole (for rectanlge with hole) (mm)
hole_r = 10;

//Distance from tag edge. "-1000" for none. (works with all models, but uses tag_width, tag_height plus perimeter dimensions for size) (mm)
perimeter = -1000;

//Wall thickness of perimeter (mm)
per_w = 3;

//Wall height of perimeter (mm)
per_h = 10;

//Scale multiplier for code (base size: 1mm cubes make each code block) (multiplier)
qr_scale = 1.6;

//(DO NOT PUT IN 0 customizer won't generate stl, instead put in a very small value like 0.001 for no tolerance) Use for making a positive and negative assembly (+val makes code blocks bigger) (mm)
qr_tolerance = 0.001;

//X location of QR code center (mm)
qr_x = 0;

//Y location of QR code center (mm)
qr_y = 0;

//Z location of bottom of QR code gemometry (mm)
qr_bottom = 1;

//Thickness of QR code (mm)
qr_thickness = 5;

//Rotate QR code around z-axis (deg)
qr_rotate = 0;

//Input from data generator for dimention of QR code (copy and paste from QR SIZE.txt)
qr_size = 41;

//Input raw QR data matrix here (copy and paste from QR DATA.txt) ("5" will make a rectangle the size of the QR code bounding box driven by qr_size value entered above. NOTE: rectangle will be slightly larger than actual code data due to "white" pixels around QR code in image)
qr_data = 5;

qr_num = qr_size*qr_size;

//////////GEOMETRY MANIPULATION//////////

//Just qr data
if (obj == 0)
{
	qr_mover(qr_x, qr_y, qr_bottom, qr_rotate, qr_scale);
	if (perimeter != -1000)
	{
		perimeter();
	}
}

//Basic rectangle tag
if (obj == 1)
{
	if (add_sub == 1)
	{
		difference()
		{
			rec_tag(tag_width, tag_height, tag_thickness);
			qr_mover(qr_x, qr_y, qr_bottom, qr_rotate, qr_scale);
		}
	}
	if (add_sub == 2)
	{
		union()
		{
			rec_tag(tag_width, tag_height, tag_thickness);
			qr_mover(qr_x, qr_y, qr_bottom, qr_rotate, qr_scale);
		}
	}
	if (perimeter != -1000)
	{
		perimeter();
	}
}

//iPhone 4
if(obj == 2)
{
	if (add_sub == 1)
	{
		difference()
		{
			iPhone4Case();
			translate([0,0,qr_thickness-.1])
			rotate([180,0,0])
			qr_mover(qr_x, qr_y, qr_bottom, qr_rotate, qr_scale);
		}
	}
	if (add_sub == 2)
	{
		union()
		{
			iPhone4Case();
			translate([0,0,qr_thickness-.1])
			rotate([180,0,0])
			qr_mover(qr_x, qr_y, qr_bottom, qr_rotate, qr_scale);
		}
	}
}

//iPhone 5
if(obj == 3)
{
	if (add_sub == 1)
	{
		difference()
		{
			iPhone5Case();
			translate([0,0,qr_thickness-.1])
			rotate([180,0,0])
			qr_mover(qr_x, qr_y, qr_bottom, qr_rotate, qr_scale);
		}
	}
	if (add_sub == 2)
	{
		union()
		{
			iPhone5Case();
			translate([0,0,qr_thickness-.1])
			rotate([180,0,0])
			qr_mover(qr_x, qr_y, qr_bottom, qr_rotate, qr_scale);
		}
	}
}

//Rectangle with hole
if (obj == 4)
{
	if (add_sub == 1)
	{
		difference()
		{
			rec_tag(tag_width, tag_height, tag_thickness);
			qr_mover(qr_x, qr_y, qr_bottom, qr_rotate, qr_scale);
			translate([hole_x, hole_y, 1])
			cylinder(h=(2*tag_thickness), r=hole_r, center=true);
		}
	}
	if (add_sub == 2)
	{
		difference()
		{
			union()
			{
				rec_tag(tag_width, tag_height, tag_thickness);
				qr_mover(qr_x, qr_y, qr_bottom, qr_rotate, qr_scale);
			}
			translate([hole_x, hole_y, 1])
			cylinder(h=(2*tag_thickness), r=hole_r, center=true);
		}
	}
	if (perimeter != -1000)
	{
		perimeter();
	}
}

//////////MODULE DEFINITIONS//////////

module qr_volume(size, num, data, thickness, tol)
{
	if (qr_data == 5)
	{
		color("Snow")
		translate([0, 0, thickness/2])
		cube([size, size, thickness], center=true);
	}
	else
	{
		color("DarkGrey")
		union()
		{
			for(i = [1:1:num])
			{
				if(data[i-1] == 1)
				{
					translate([(floor(i/size)-(qr_size/2)),(i-(size*floor(i/size))-1-(qr_size/2)), 0])
					cube([1+tol, 1+tol, thickness],center=[.5,.5,0]);
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

module qr_mover(x, y, z, rotate, scale)
{
	translate([x,y,z])
	rotate([0, 0, rotate])
	scale([scale, scale, 1])
	mirror([0, code_flip, 0])
	qr_volume(qr_size, qr_num, qr_data, qr_thickness, qr_tolerance);
}

module corner_rounder(w, h, t)
{
	for (c = [0:1:corner_num])
	{
		union()
		{
			mirror([0, c, 0])
			difference()
			{
				translate([w/2, h/2, t/2])
				cylinder(h=t*2, r=corner_radius, center=true);
				translate([(w/2)-corner_radius, (h/2)-corner_radius, t/2])
				cylinder(h=t*3, r=corner_radius, center=true);
			}
			mirror([0, c, 0])
			difference()
			{
				translate([-w/2, -h/2, t/2])
				cylinder(h=t*2, r=corner_radius, center=true);
				translate([-(w/2)+corner_radius, -(h/2)+corner_radius, t/2])
				cylinder(h=t*3, r=corner_radius, center=true);
			}
		}
	}
}

module rec_tag(t_w, t_h, t_t)
{
	difference()
	{
		translate([0, 0, (t_t/2)])
		cube([t_w, t_h, t_t], center=true);
		if (round_corner == 2)
		{
			corner_rounder(t_w, t_h, t_t);
		}
	}
}

module perimeter()
{
	difference()
	{
		rec_tag(tag_width+perimeter+per_w, tag_height+perimeter+per_w, per_h);
		translate([0, 0, -1])
		rec_tag(tag_width+perimeter, tag_height+perimeter, per_h+2);
	}
}

//////////MAKERBOT IPHONE CASE//////////

/*Non customizer variables*/
caseThickness = case_thickness;
caseTolerance = .2/1;

4width=58.55/1;
4length=115.15/1;
4height=9.34/1;
4cornerR = 8.77/1;
4swidth=6.17/1;
4sthick=.6/1;

5width = 57.57/1;
5length = 122.83/1;
5height = 7.6/1;
5cornerR = 9.28/1;
5sthick = 1.44/1;
5swidth = 5height - 5sthick*1.5;

heightvar=.24/1;

homebuttonR = 5.6/1;
homebuttonD = homebuttonR*2;

top_bottom_opening_width = 50/1;
leftholelength = 25.43/1;
leftholeR = 2.4/1;
topholelength = 38.57/1;
topholeR = 2.5/1;
bottomholelength1 = 43.97/1;
bottomholelength2 = 26.05/1;
bottombigR = 1.53/1;
bottomsmallR = 1.15/1;

corner_resolution = 6/1;
circle_resolution = corner_resolution*4;

fudge = .05/1;

//MODULES

module iPhoneGlass(w, l, h, r)
{
	union(){
		cube([w,l-r*2,h],center = true);
		cube([w-r*2,l,h],center = true);
		//top right corner
		translate([w/2-r,l/2-r,0])
			cylinder(	h = h,
						r = r,
						center = true,
						$fn = circle_resolution);
		//top left corner
		translate([-(w/2-r),l/2-r,0])
			cylinder(	h = h,
						r = r,
						center = true,
						$fn = circle_resolution);
		//bottom right corner
		translate([w/2-r,-(l/2-r),0])
			cylinder(	h = h,
					 	r = r,
						center = true,
						$fn = circle_resolution);
		//bottom left corner
		translate([-(w/2-r),-(l/2-r),0])
			cylinder(	h = h,
						r = r,
						center = true,
						$fn = circle_resolution);
	}
}

module iPhoneStrip(	w, l, h, r, sw, st)
{
	union(){
		cube([w+st*2,l-r*2,sw],center = true);
		cube([w-r*2,l+st*2,sw],center = true);
		//top right corner
		translate([w/2-r,l/2-r,0])
			cylinder(	h = sw,
						r = r+st,
						center = true,
						$fn = circle_resolution);
		//top left corner
		translate([-(w/2-r),l/2-r,0])
			cylinder(	h = sw,
						r = r+st,
						center = true,
						$fn = circle_resolution);
		//bottom right corner
		translate([w/2-r,-(l/2-r),0])
			cylinder(	h = sw,
						r = r+st,
						center = true,
						$fn = circle_resolution);
		//bottom left corner
		translate([-(w/2-r),-(l/2-r),0])
			cylinder(	h = sw,
						r = r+st,
						center = true,
						$fn = circle_resolution);
	}
}

module iPhoneCameraHole(w,h,r){
	hull(){
		translate([w/2,0,0])
			cylinder(h = h,r = r,center = true, $fn = circle_resolution);
		translate([-w/2,0,0])
			cylinder(h = h,r = r,center = true, $fn = circle_resolution);
	}
}

module iPhone5(w,l,h,cR,sw,st){
	hull(){
		iPhoneGlass(w,l,h,cR);
		iPhoneStrip(w,l,h,cR,sw,st);
	}
}

module iPhone4(w,l,h,cR,sw,st){
	union(){
		hull(){
			iPhoneGlass(w,l,sw+st,cR);
			iPhoneStrip(w,l,h,cR,sw,st);
		}
		iPhoneGlass(w,l,h,cR);
	}
}

module iPhone5Case(){
	translate([0,0,(5height+caseThickness)/2]){
		difference(){
			hull(){
				iPhoneGlass(5width+caseThickness*2,5length+caseThickness*2,5height+caseThickness,5cornerR+caseThickness);
				iPhoneStrip(5width+caseThickness*2,5length+caseThickness*2,5height+caseThickness*2,5cornerR+caseThickness,5swidth,5sthick);
			}
			iPhone5(5width-caseTolerance*3,5length-caseTolerance*2,5height+caseTolerance,5cornerR,5swidth+caseTolerance*2,5sthick+caseTolerance);
			translate([0,0,-5height*.5])
				iPhoneGlass(5width-caseThickness*2,5length-caseThickness*2,5height,5cornerR);
			translate([0,0,5height*.5])
				iPhoneGlass(5width-caseTolerance*3,5length-caseTolerance*2,5height+caseTolerance,5cornerR);
			translate([0,0,caseThickness/2])
			cube([44,5length+20,5height+caseThickness/2],center = true);
			translate([-5width/2-caseThickness*.8,30,4.5])
				rotate([90,0,90])
				scale([1,1,2])
				iPhoneCameraHole(30,caseThickness*2,8);
		}
		difference(){
			union(){
				intersection(){
					translate([0,0,-(5height/2 + caseThickness/4 + caseTolerance/4)])
						iPhoneGlass(5width-caseThickness*2+fudge,5length-caseThickness*2+fudge,caseThickness/2-caseTolerance/2,5cornerR-fudge);
				}
				translate([15,52.4,-(5height/2 + caseThickness/4)])
					iPhoneCameraHole(7.8,caseThickness/2,7.8+1.6);
			}
			translate([15,52.4,-(5height/2 + caseThickness/4)])
				scale([1,1,2])
				iPhoneCameraHole(7.8,caseThickness/2,7.8);
		}
	}
}

module iPhone4Case(){
	translate([0,0,(4height+caseThickness)/2]){
		difference(){
			hull(){
				iPhoneGlass(4width+caseThickness*2,4length+caseThickness*2,4height+caseThickness,4cornerR+caseThickness);
				iPhoneStrip(4width+caseThickness*2,4length+caseThickness*2,4height+caseThickness*2,4cornerR+caseThickness,4swidth,4sthick);
			}
			iPhone4(4width-caseTolerance*3,4length-caseTolerance*2,4height+caseTolerance,4cornerR,4swidth+caseTolerance*2,4sthick+caseTolerance);
			translate([0,0,4height*.5])
				iPhoneGlass(4width-caseTolerance*3,4length-caseTolerance*2,4height,4cornerR);
			translate([0,0,-4height*.5])
				iPhoneGlass(4width-caseThickness*2,4length-caseThickness*2,4height,4cornerR);
			translate([0,0,caseThickness/2])
			cube([44,4length+20,4height+caseThickness/2],center = true);
			translate([-4width/2-caseThickness*.8,30,5])
				rotate([90,0,90])
				scale([1,1,2])
				iPhoneCameraHole(24,caseThickness*2,8);
		}
		difference(){
			union(){
				intersection(){
					translate([0,0,-(4height/2 + caseThickness/4 + caseTolerance/4)])
						iPhoneGlass(4width-caseThickness*2+fudge,4length-caseThickness*2+fudge,caseThickness/2-caseTolerance/2,4cornerR+fudge);
				}
				translate([15,48.2,-(4height/2 + caseThickness/4)])
					iPhoneCameraHole(7.8,caseThickness/2,7.8+1.6);
			}
			translate([15,48.2,-(4height/2 + caseThickness/4)])
				scale([1,1,2])
				iPhoneCameraHole(7.8,caseThickness/2,7.8);
		}
	}
}
```


[User]
Okay, I'm looking to design a customizable stand, mainly for my tablet, but I'd like it to be flexible enough to hold other devices as well. I have an existing design, "MultiStand.scad," which is pretty close to what I want, but it's a bit too specific in some areas and could be improved.

Here's what I like about the existing design:

*   **Adjustable Angle Support:** I really like how it provides a range of angles, from around 45 to 90 degrees, using slots.
*   **Collapsible for Portability:** The way it's designed to collapse down is fantastic for carrying around.
*   **Customizable Slot Size:** The ability to adjust the slot size based on device thickness is essential.
*   **Optional Decorative Lid:** The idea of having a customizable pattern on a lid or two is cool, and having different choices is great.

Here's what I want to improve or add:

*   **More Flexible Device Dimensions:** Instead of `tablet_thickness` and `tablet_height`, I'd prefer to specify `device_thickness`, `device_height`, and `device_depth` to accommodate different kinds of objects. I'd like it to work well even if the device isn't as consistently boxy as a tablet; for example, sometimes I want to prop up a book.
*   **Simplified Slot Calculations:** The current slot calculation using sine functions and arbitrary ratios feels over complicated. Can we make the slots have a more direct, adjustable angle, without relying on tablet dimensions to derive it? Perhaps a `slot_angle` parameter, and a spacing parameter based on that angle?
*   **Optional Support Arms:** Could you add optional support arms at the front of the stand, perhaps controlled by a boolean parameter (e.g. `use_support_arms`) that when set to true, adds some arms to help hold the device? These might be a bit like the tabs in the current design, but as actual arms that wrap the front of the device.
*   **Improved Customization for Decorative Lids:** I like the pattern options on the lids, but I'd like to have more control. Instead of pattern IDs, can we create parameters for the `pattern_shape`, `pattern_size`, `pattern_spacing`, `pattern_offset_x` and `pattern_offset_y`, making it easier to apply different shapes using a simple string of shapes or perhaps a list?
*   **General Parametric Design:** The code feels a bit monolithic. I'd like the design to be more modular with meaningful names for all of the modules. I'd also like to use some kind of library for the rounded corners; perhaps BOSL2?

Here's what I'd like as the final output:
I'd like a parametric OpenSCAD file that can generate the stand. It should include parameters for:

*   `device_thickness`, `device_height`, `device_depth`
*   `slot_angle` (in degrees)
*   `slot_spacing`
*   `stand_width`
*   `use_support_arms` (boolean)
*   `number_of_lids` (integer)
*   `pattern_shape` (string or list of strings)
*   `pattern_size`
*   `pattern_spacing`
*   `pattern_offset_x`
*   `pattern_offset_y`
*   `calibration` (for fine-tuning fit, perhaps as you have it now)

The file should use the BOSL2 library for shapes with rounded corners. It should also avoid using `if` statements to switch between plates, using instead the `module` system to provide different export options.

Could you design this for me?

[Assistant]
MultiStand.scad:
```
// Title: MultiStand
// Author: http://www.thingiverse.com/Jinja
// Date: 29/1/2013

/////////// START OF PARAMETERS /////////////////

// The thickness of your tablet. This will determine the size of the slots your tablet will fit into. mm =
tablet_thickness = 11.2;

// The height of your tablet. If you only want landscape, then use the short length. Otherwise use the long length. mm =
tablet_height = 190;

// How deep each slot will be, just under 10% of your tablet height is a good guide. mm =
slot_depth = 10.0;

// Increase the length of your stand to get more slots, % =
extra_length_percent=0; //[0:100]

// How many lids do you want for your stand.
number_of_lids = 1; // [1:OneLid, 2:TwoLids]

// How wide in mm each rest will be. mm =
stand_width = 10; //[6:20]

// To discover the calibration value of your printer, first print out the lid. Then print out the calibration rest which will fit onto the lid. If the fit is too loose then increase the calibration and try again. If the fit is too tight then decrease the calibration value. I suggest printing out CalibrationRests for values 0, 2 & 4 simultaneously and go from there. When you've found your value then you can print out the full sized Rest. Zero means your printer is perfectly calibrated. Value =
calibration = 0;//[-8:8]

// Select which STL plate you want to create.
plate = "FullPlate"; //[ Lid, CalibrationRest, Rest, FullPlate ]

// Choose the pattern for the lid. For speed, use the circle to iterate on positioning before choosing the pattern you want. This is because the circle is faster to process. In fact, the list is ordered from fast to slow.
patternID = 0; // [0:NoPattern, 1:Circle, 4:Fish, 3:Apple, 5:Makerbot, 2:Android]

// Offset the pattern in the X axis. mm =
pattern_offset_x = 0; //[-20:20]

// Offset the pattern in the Y axis. mm =
pattern_offset_y = 0; //[-20:20]

// The size of the pattern. mm =
pattern_size = 35; //[8:60]

// Spacing percentage. 100=no overlap. Less than 100 means some overlap. More than 100 means more space between the patterns. % =
pattern_overlap_percent = 105; //[50:150]

// preview[view:south, tilt:top]

/////////// END OF PARAMETERS /////////////////
// not parameters, do not change
pattern_overlap = pattern_overlap_percent/100;
overhang = 40*1;  // the angle of overhang your printer can manage (no need to exceed 45)
rounded = 1*1;    // the mm width of the bevelled edge
rear_buf = 5*1;
front_buf = 2+tablet_thickness;

holder_height = 6*1;
holder_thick = 2*1;

extra_length=1+ (extra_length_percent/100);
base_min = holder_height+2;
height = base_min+slot_depth/sin(45);
slot_range = tablet_height*sin(45)*0.75*extra_length;
depth = rear_buf+slot_range + front_buf;
spacing = (1.1*tablet_thickness)/sin(45);
num_slots = floor(slot_range/spacing);
buffer = (calibration)*0.05;

calib_width = 2*(stand_width+holder_thick)+4;

if( plate == "Calibration" )
{
	test_stand();
	translate([-7,12,0])
	holder(3, 20, 0, 0);
}
else if( plate == "CalibrationRest" )
{
//		translate([0,-depth*0.5+5+holder_thick+2,0])
//		final_stand(number_of_lids);
	difference()
	{
	intersection()
	{
		translate([0,-depth*0.5+stand_width+holder_thick+2,0])
		final_stand(1);
		cube([holder_height+2,calib_width,5]);
	}

	for(i=[-8:1:8])
	{
		translate([holder_height+2,(0.5+(i/16))*calib_width,5*0.5])
		cube([calib_width/32,calib_width/32,calib_width/32],true);
	}
	for(i=[-8:8:8])
	{
		translate([holder_height+2,(0.5+(i/16))*calib_width,5*0.3])
		cube([calib_width/32,calib_width/32,calib_width/32],true);
	}
	translate([holder_height+2,(0.5+(calibration/16))*calib_width,5*0.7])
	cube([calib_width/32,calib_width/32,calib_width/32],true);
	}
}
else if( number_of_lids == 1 )
{
   if( plate == "FullPlate" )
	{
		translate([-(stand_width+holder_thick)-2,depth*0.5,0])
		holder(stand_width, depth, 0, patternID);

		translate([2*height+2,0,0])
		scale([-1,1,1])
		final_stand(number_of_lids);

		translate([0,0,0])
		final_stand(number_of_lids);
	}
	else if ( plate == "Lid" )
	{
		translate([-(stand_width+holder_thick)-2,depth*0.5,0])
		holder(stand_width, depth, 0, patternID);
	}
	else if ( plate == "Rest" )
	{
		final_stand(number_of_lids);
	}
}
else if ( number_of_lids == 2 )
{
   if( plate == "FullPlate" )
	{
		translate([3*-(stand_width+holder_thick)-4,depth*0.5,0])
		holder(stand_width, depth, 0, patternID);

		translate([-(stand_width+holder_thick)-2,depth*0.5,0])
		holder(stand_width, depth, 0, patternID);

		translate([2*height+2,0,0])
		scale([-1,1,1])
		final_stand(number_of_lids);

		translate([0,0,0])
		final_stand(number_of_lids);
	}
	else if ( plate == "Lid" )
	{
		translate([-(stand_width+holder_thick)-2,depth*0.5,0])
		holder(stand_width, depth, 0, patternID);
	}
	else if ( plate == "Rest" )
	{
		final_stand(number_of_lids);
	}

}

$fs=0.3;
//$fa=5; //smooth
$fa=10; //not so smooth
//$fa=20; //rough

module lid_cutter(pos, patternID )
{
	translate([0.2,depth*0.5,0])
	rotate([90,0,90])
	holder(stand_width, depth, buffer, patternID);

	translate([-1,depth*0.5,0])
	rotate([90,0,90])
	holder(stand_width, depth, buffer, patternID);
}

module test_stand()
{
	step = 13;
	difference()
	{
		minkowski()
		{
			translate([rounded, rounded, rounded])
			cube([11, 8*step+2, 1]);
			diamond(rounded);
		}
	for(i=[0:1:7])
	{
		translate([0,i*step+8,0])
		rotate( [90,0,90] )
   	holder( 3, 20, 0.0+(i*0.05) );
		translate([-1,i*step+8,0])
		rotate( [90,0,90] )
   	holder( 3, 20, 0.0+(i*0.05) );

		translate([7,i*step+4,1])
		{
			if(i==0)
			{
				write("1",h=8,t=4);
			}
			else if(i==1)
			{
				write("2",h=8,t=4);
			}
			else if(i==2)
			{
				write("3",h=8,t=4);
			}
			else if(i==3)
			{
				write("4",h=8,t=4);
			}
			else if(i==4)
			{
				write("5",h=8,t=4);
			}
			else if(i==5)
			{
				write("6",h=8,t=4);
			}
			else if(i==6)
			{
				write("7",h=8,t=4);
			}
			else if(i==7)
			{
				write("8",h=8,t=4);
			}
		}

	}
	}
}

module final_stand(number_of_lids)
{
	pos = -stand_width*2;
	if( number_of_lids == 1 )
	{
		difference()
		{
			stand2();
			lid_cutter(pos,0);
		}
	}
	else if (number_of_lids == 2 )
	{
		difference()
		{
			stand2();
			translate([0,depth*0.25,0])
			lid_cutter(pos,0);
			translate([0,depth*-0.25,0])
			lid_cutter(pos,0);
		}
	}
}

module right_stand(number_of_lids)
{
//	pos = -stand_width;
	pos = -stand_width*2;
	if( number_of_lids == 1 )
	{
		difference()
		{
			stand();
			lid_cutter(pos,0);
		}
	}
	else if (number_of_lids == 2 )
	{
		difference()
		{
			stand();
			translate([0,depth*0.25,0])
			lid_cutter(pos,0);
			translate([0,depth*-0.25,0])
			lid_cutter(pos,0);
		}
	}

}

module left_stand(number_of_lids)
{
//	pos = -depth-2*holder_thick;
	pos = -stand_width*2;
	if( number_of_lids == 1 )
	{
		difference()
		{
			stand();
			lid_cutter(pos,0);
		}
	}
	else if (number_of_lids == 2 )
	{
		difference()
		{
			stand();

			translate([0,depth*0.25,0])
			lid_cutter(pos,0);
			translate([0,depth*-0.25,0])
			lid_cutter(pos,0);
		}
	}
}

module holder(stand_width, depth, outerextra, patternID)
{
	difference()
	{
		minkowski()
		{
			translate([0, 0, (holder_height+outerextra)*0.5])
			cube([(stand_width+holder_thick+outerextra)*2-(2*rounded), depth+2*(outerextra+holder_thick)-(2*rounded), holder_height+outerextra-(2*rounded)],true);
			diamond(rounded);
		}
		translate([0, 0, holder_thick+holder_height*0.5 + outerextra])
		cube([(stand_width-outerextra)*2, depth-2*outerextra, holder_height+outerextra],true);

		if( patternID > 0 )
		{
			pattern(stand_width, depth, outerextra, patternID );
		}
	}
}

module pattern(stand_width, depth, extra, patternID)
{
	xoffset = pattern_offset_x;
	yoffset = pattern_offset_y;
	steps = pattern_size;
	radius = steps*0.45;
	overlap = pattern_overlap;
	intersection()
	{
		for(x=[xoffset-10:steps*overlap:(stand_width+holder_thick+extra)*2-(2*rounded)+(steps)+xoffset+10])
		{
			for(y=[yoffset-10:steps*overlap:depth+2*(extra+holder_thick)-(2*rounded)+(steps)+yoffset+10])
			{
				translate([-stand_width*2, -0.5*(depth+2*(extra+holder_thick)-(2*rounded)), 0])
				translate([x,y,-1])
				rotate([0,0,x*57+y*79])
				pattern_shape( radius, 10, patternID );
//				android( radius*2, 10 );
//				cylinder(10, radius, radius);
			}
		}
		translate([0, 0, (holder_height+extra)*0.5])
		cube([(stand_width+extra)*2, depth+2*extra, holder_height*3],true);
	}
}

module stand2()
{
	final_spacing = slot_range/(num_slots);
	between = (final_spacing - tablet_thickness);
	adj_spacing = final_spacing - (between/num_slots);
	difference()
	{
		minkowski()
		{
			translate([rounded-buffer, rounded-buffer, rounded])
			cube([height-(2*rounded), depth-(2*rounded)-(2*buffer)-(2*buffer), stand_width-(2*rounded)-(2*buffer)]);
			diamond(rounded);
		}
		if( num_slots > 7 )
		{

			for(i=[0:1:(num_slots)])
			{

				translate([base_min,(i*adj_spacing)+rear_buf+(((i/num_slots)*(i/num_slots)*(i/num_slots)*(i/num_slots)*(i/num_slots)*(i/num_slots))*between),-0.1])
				rotate([0,0,-(0+i*(45/(num_slots)))])
				cube([height*2, tablet_thickness, stand_width-2*buffer+0.2]);
			}
		}
		else if( num_slots > 5 )
		{
			for(i=[0:1:(num_slots)])
			{

				translate([base_min,(i*adj_spacing)+rear_buf+(((i/num_slots)*(i/num_slots)*(i/num_slots)*(i/num_slots)*(i/num_slots))*between),-0.1])
				rotate([0,0,-(0+i*(45/(num_slots)))])
				cube([height*2, tablet_thickness, stand_width-2*buffer+0.2]);
			}
		}
		else
		{
			for(i=[0:1:(num_slots)])
			{

				translate([base_min,(i*adj_spacing)+rear_buf+(((i/num_slots)*(i/num_slots)*(i/num_slots))*between),-0.1])
				rotate([0,0,-(2+i*(43/(num_slots)))])
				cube([height*2, tablet_thickness, stand_width-2*buffer+0.2]);
			}
		}
	}
}

module cutter(dist, overhang)
{
	size = dist*2;

	translate([dist,-dist,-dist])
	cube([size,size,size]);

	translate([-dist-size,-dist,-dist])
	cube([size,size,size]);

	translate([dist,-dist,0])
	rotate([0,-overhang,0])
	cube([size,size,size]);

	translate([-dist,-dist,0])
	rotate([0,-90+overhang,0])
	cube([size,size,size]);

	translate([dist,-dist,0])
	rotate([0,90+overhang,0])
	cube([size,size,size]);

	translate([-dist,-dist,0])
	rotate([0,180-overhang,0])
	cube([size,size,size]);

}

module diamond( rounded )
{
	dist = rounded;
	difference()
	{
		cube([2*rounded,2*rounded,2*rounded], true);
		for(i=[0:45:179])
		{
			rotate([0,0,i])
			cutter(dist, overhang);
		}
	}
}

//translate([0,0,30])
//android( 20, 4 );

module android( oheight, depth )
{
	scale = 1.1;
	height = oheight*scale;
	width = height*0.4;
	gap = height*0.03;
	radius = height*0.045;

//	cube( [ oheight,2,oheight] );

	translate( [-oheight*0.5,oheight*0.5,0])
	rotate([90,0,0])
	translate( [-(height-oheight)*0.5,-depth-1,-height*0.14])
	{
	translate( [(height-width)*0.5+radius,depth,(height-width)*0.5+radius])

/*	minkowski()
	{
		translate([0,0,0])
		cube( [ width-(2*radius),depth-1,width-(2*radius)] );
		rotate([-90,0,0])
		cylinder( 1, radius, radius );
	}*/

	hull()
	{
		translate([0,0,0])
		rotate([-90,0,0])
		cylinder( depth, radius, radius );

		translate([width-(2*radius),0,0])
		rotate([-90,0,0])
		cylinder( depth, radius, radius );

/*		translate([width-(2*radius),0,width-(2*radius)])
		rotate([-90,0,0])
		cylinder( depth, radius, radius );

		translate([0,0,width-(2*radius)])
		rotate([-90,0,0])
		cylinder( depth, radius, radius );*/

		translate( [-((height-width)*0.5+radius),-depth,-((height-width)*0.5+radius)])
		translate( [(height-width)*0.5,depth,(height)*0.5])
		cube( [ width,depth,width*0.5] );

	}

	translate( [height*0.5,depth,(height+width)*0.5+gap])

	rotate([-90,0,0])
	difference()
	{
		cylinder( depth, width*0.5, width*0.5 );
		translate([-width*0.5,0,0])
		cube( [width,width,depth]);
		if(radius*0.25>0.7)
		{
			translate([-radius*2,-radius*2,0])
			cylinder( depth, radius*0.5, radius*0.5 );
			translate([radius*2,-radius*2,0])
			cylinder( depth, radius*0.5, radius*0.5 );

			// the next two cubes are the things that keep the eyes in place
			translate([-radius*2,-radius*2,0])
			rotate([0,0,-135])
			translate([0,radius*-0.125,0])
			cube([radius*2,radius*0.25,depth]);

			translate([radius*2,-radius*2,0])
			rotate([0,0,-45])
			translate([0,radius*-0.125,0])
			cube([radius*2,radius*0.25,depth]);
		}
	}

	translate( [((height-width)*0.5)-radius-gap,depth,((height+width)*0.5)-radius])
	arm(radius,depth);
	translate( [((height+width)*0.5)+radius+gap,depth,((height+width)*0.5)-radius])
	arm(radius,depth);

	translate( [(height*0.5)+(1.8*radius),depth,(height*0.4)])
	arm(radius,depth);
	translate( [(height*0.5)-(1.8*radius),depth,(height*0.4)])
	arm(radius,depth);

	translate([height*0.5+width*0.35,depth,height*0.95])
	rotate([0,40,0])
	arm(radius*0.3,depth);

	translate([height*0.5-width*0.35,depth,height*0.95])
	rotate([0,-40,0])
	arm(radius*0.3,depth);
	}
}

module arm(radius,depth)
{
	hull()
	{
		rotate([-90,0,0])
		cylinder(depth,radius,radius);
		translate([0,0,-4.7*radius])
		rotate([-90,0,0])
		cylinder(depth,radius,radius);
	}
}

/*translate([0,0,20])
pattern_shape(10, 5, 1);

translate([0,0,30])
pattern_shape(10, 5, 2);

translate([0,0,40])
pattern_shape(10, 5, 3);

translate([0,0,50])
pattern_shape(10, 5, 4);

translate([0,0,60])
pattern_shape(10, 5, 5);
*/

module pattern_shape( radius, height, patternID )
{
	if( patternID == 1 )
	{
		cylinder(height, radius, radius);
	}
	else if (patternID == 2)
	{
		android(radius*2, height);
	}
	else if (patternID == 3)
	{
		apple( radius, height );
	}
	else if (patternID == 4)
	{
		fish( radius, height );
	}
	else if (patternID == 5)
	{
		makerbot_logo( radius, height );
	}
}

module apple(radius, depth)
{
	fish_scale = 0.22 * (radius/5);
	fish_height = depth/fish_scale;

	difference()
	{
		translate( [-radius*0.9,0,depth*0.5] )
		scale(fish_scale)
		translate( [20,0,0] )
		linear_extrude(height = fish_height, center = true)
		polygon([[0,-15],[-4,-16],[-7,-16],[-10,-14],[-12,-11],[-15,-5],[-17,3],[-17,7],[-16,11],[-15,13],[-13,15],[-9,16],[-5,16],[-3,15],[0,14],[3,15],[5,16],[9,16],[13,15],[15,13],[16,11],[17,7],[17,3],[15,-5],[12,-11],[10,-14],[7,-16],[4,-16]]);

		translate( [radius*0.8,radius*0.2,0] )
		cylinder(depth, radius*0.4, radius*0.4);
	}

	translate( [-radius*0.9,0,depth*0.5] )
	scale(fish_scale)
	translate( [20,0,0] )
	linear_extrude(height = fish_height, center = true)
	polygon([[0,20],[0,17],[3,17],[6,18],[7,19],[8,20],[9,23],[9,26],[9,26],[6,26],[3,25],[2,24],[1,23]]);

}

module fish(radius, depth)
{
	fish_scale = 0.22 * (radius/5);
	fish_height = depth/fish_scale;
	translate( [-radius*0.9,0,depth*0.5] )
	scale(fish_scale)
	translate( [43,-12,0] )
	linear_extrude(height = fish_height, center = true)
	polygon([[-45,12],[-41,16],[-38,18],[-34,20],[-30,21],[-25,21],[-21,20],[-19,19],[-16,17],[-14,14],[-13,15],[-12,18],[-9,21],[-4,22],[-6,19],[-8,17],[-9,13],[-9,11],[-8,7],[-6,5],[-4,2],[-9,3],[-12,6],[-13,9],[-14,10],[-16,7],[-19,5],[-21,4],[-25,3],[-30,3],[-34,4],[-38,6],[-41,8]]);
}

module makerbot_logo(radius, height)
{
	width=radius*0.13;
	cut=width*1.3;
	angle=asin(cut/radius);
	aangle=0;
	x1=(radius-width*0.5)*sin(angle+aangle);
	y1=(radius-width*0.5)*cos(angle+aangle);
	x2=(radius-width*0.5)*sin(-angle+aangle);
	y2=(radius-width*0.5)*cos(-angle+aangle);
	mwidth=width*1.8;
	mgap=width*1.3;
	mheight = radius*1.3;

	difference()
	{
		cylinder(height, radius, radius);
		cylinder(height, radius-width, radius-width);
		translate([0,0,height*0.5])
		rotate([0,0,-aangle])
		{
			cube([2*radius,cut+width,height],true);
			cube([cut+width,2*radius,height],true);
		}
	}

	translate([x1,y1,0])
	cylinder(height, width*0.5, width*0.5);
	translate([y1,-x1,0])
	cylinder(height, width*0.5, width*0.5);
	translate([-y1,x1,0])
	cylinder(height, width*0.5, width*0.5);
	translate([-x1,-y1,0])
	cylinder(height, width*0.5, width*0.5);
	translate([x2,y2,0])
	cylinder(height, width*0.5, width*0.5);
	translate([y2,-x2,0])
	cylinder(height, width*0.5, width*0.5);
	translate([-y2,x2,0])
	cylinder(height, width*0.5, width*0.5);
	translate([-x2,-y2,0])
	cylinder(height, width*0.5, width*0.5);

	translate([0,mwidth*-0.25,height*0.5])
	cube([mwidth,mheight-1.5*mwidth,height],true);
	translate([mwidth+mgap,mwidth*-0.25,height*0.5])
	cube([mwidth,mheight-1.5*mwidth,height],true);
	translate([-mwidth-mgap,mwidth*-0.25,height*0.5])
	cube([mwidth,mheight-1.5*mwidth,height],true);
	translate([0,(mheight-mwidth)*0.5,height*0.5])
	cube([mwidth+2*mgap,mwidth,height],true);

	translate([-mgap-mwidth*0.5,mheight*0.5-mwidth,0])
	difference()
	{
		cylinder(height,mwidth,mwidth);
		translate([0,-mwidth,0])
		cube([mwidth,mwidth,height]);
	}

	translate([mgap+mwidth*0.5,mheight*0.5-mwidth,0])
	difference()
	{
		cylinder(height,mwidth,mwidth);
		translate([-mwidth,-mwidth,0])
		cube([mwidth,mwidth,height]);
	}

	translate([-mwidth-mgap,-(mheight-mwidth)*0.5,0])
	cylinder(height,mwidth*0.5,mwidth*0.5);

	translate([0,-(mheight-mwidth)*0.5,0])
	cylinder(height,mwidth*0.5,mwidth*0.5);

	translate([mwidth+mgap,-(mheight-mwidth)*0.5,0])
	cylinder(height,mwidth*0.5,mwidth*0.5);

}
```