[User]
I'd like to design a parametric, customizable bottle vase using OpenSCAD. I want it to have a woven-bamboo style mesh structure, and the top should have threads to screw onto a standard bottle.

Here are the specific parameters I'd like to control:

*   **Vase Dimensions:**
    *   `VASE_height`: The overall height of the vase.
    *   `VASE_diameter`: The diameter of the vase at its base.
    *   `VASE_taper`: A percentage controlling the taper from the base to the top of the vase. (e.g., 0.95 would mean the top is 95% the diameter of the base.)

*   **Screw Threads:**
    *   `CAP_height`: The height of the threaded section.
    *   `CAP_outer_diameter`: The outer diameter of the threads.
    *   `CAP_wall_thickness`: The thickness of the material around the threads.
    *   `CAP_pitch`: The pitch of the bottle threads.
    *   `BOTTLE_lip`: The thickness of the bottle's lip which sits on top of the vase.

*   **Mesh Structure:**
    *   `MESH_thickness`: The thickness of each strand in the mesh, should be a multiple of the extruder width.
    *   `MESH_rotation_angle`: The angle between each strand of the mesh.
    *   `MESH_offset_angle`: An offset for the starting angle of the mesh strands.
    *   `MESH_twist_a` and `MESH_twist_b`: Values to control the twist of the mesh strands as they go up the vase.
    *    I want to use these twist parameters to generate a symmetrical woven mesh pattern with `MESH_twist_one`, `MESH_twist_two`, `MESH_twist_three`, `MESH_twist_four`, each set to `MESH_twist_a` ,`-MESH_twist_a`, `MESH_twist_b`, and `-MESH_twist_b`, respectively.

*  **Top Mesh:**
     * `MESH_top_rotation_angle`: The rotation angle for the top mesh
     * `MESH_top_offset_angle`: An offset angle for the top mesh

I would like to use the `threads.scad` library, which I've included, for generating the screw threads.

The vase should be constructed in a way that the threaded top part and the main vase body (including the mesh) are separate pieces that fit together with a small gap for printing tolerances. The bottle sits on the lip, supported by the threads, and I want a small cutout at the very top of the vase body to help the bottle align.

Could you generate the OpenSCAD files to accomplish this?

[Assistant]
bottle_vase.scad:
```
include <threads.scad>

//	   Customaizable bamboo weave style bottle vase
//		    Steven Veltema
//		    April 2, 2016
//

// must be tall enough to contain bottle and threads
VASE_height = 120; //[50:5:200]
// must be wide enough to contain bottle
VASE_diameter = 60; //[30:5:200]
// taper percentace;
VASE_taper = 0.95; //[0.5:0.05:1.5]

/* [Screw Threads] */
// height of threads
CAP_height = 10; //[5:0.5:15]
// outer diameter of threads (should be wider than bottle threads)
CAP_outer_diameter = 28.4; //[10:0.1:50]
// wall thickness enclosing threads
CAP_wall_thickness = 1.2; //[1:0.1:3]
// bottle thread pitch
CAP_pitch = 3.5; //[1:0.1:5]
// bottle lip thickness
BOTTLE_lip = 2.8; //[1:0.1:5]

/* [Mesh] */
//  multiple of extruder width recommended
MESH_thickness = 2.4; //[1:0.1:5]
MESH_rotation_angle = 30; //[10:5:360]
MESH_offset_angle = 0; //[0:5:360]
MESH_twist_a = 190; //[-720:10:720]
MESH_twist_b = 220; //[-720:10:720]

MESH_top_rotation_angle = MESH_rotation_angle;
MESH_top_offset_angle = MESH_offset_angle;

MESH_twist_one = MESH_twist_a;
MESH_twist_one_rotation_angle = MESH_rotation_angle;
MESH_twist_one_offset_angle = MESH_offset_angle;
MESH_twist_two = -MESH_twist_a;
MESH_twist_two_rotation_angle = MESH_rotation_angle;
MESH_twist_two_offset_angle = MESH_offset_angle;
MESH_twist_three = MESH_twist_b;
MESH_twist_three_rotation_angle = MESH_rotation_angle;
MESH_twist_three_offset_angle = MESH_offset_angle;
MESH_twist_four = -MESH_twist_b;
MESH_twist_four_rotation_angle = MESH_rotation_angle;
MESH_twist_four_offset_angle = MESH_offset_angle;

union() {
$fn=120;

translate([0,0, VASE_height-CAP_height -MESH_thickness]) thread(CAP_outer_diameter,CAP_height,CAP_pitch,CAP_wall_thickness);

    translate([0,0, VASE_height-MESH_thickness])
          difference() {
                    cylinder(MESH_thickness,d=CAP_outer_diameter+MESH_thickness);
                    translate([0,0, -1.0]) cylinder(MESH_thickness*2,d=CAP_outer_diameter-BOTTLE_lip*2.0);
            }

mesh(MESH_thickness,MESH_twist_one_rotation_angle,MESH_twist_one_offset_angle,MESH_twist_one, VASE_taper);
mesh(MESH_thickness,MESH_twist_two_rotation_angle,MESH_twist_two_offset_angle,MESH_twist_two, VASE_taper);
mesh(MESH_thickness,MESH_twist_three_rotation_angle,MESH_twist_three_offset_angle,MESH_twist_three, VASE_taper);
mesh(MESH_thickness,MESH_twist_four_rotation_angle,MESH_twist_four_offset_angle,MESH_twist_four, VASE_taper);

difference() {
    meshtop(MESH_thickness,MESH_top_rotation_angle,MESH_top_offset_angle);
    translate([0,0, VASE_height-CAP_height+2]) cylinder(CAP_height,r=CAP_outer_diameter/2.0+CAP_wall_thickness);
}

difference() {
         translate([0,0, VASE_height-MESH_thickness]) cylinder(MESH_thickness,d=VASE_diameter*VASE_taper+MESH_thickness);
         translate([0,0, VASE_height-MESH_thickness-1]) cylinder(MESH_thickness*2,d=VASE_diameter*VASE_taper-MESH_thickness);
}

difference() {
         cylinder(MESH_thickness,d=VASE_diameter+MESH_thickness);
         translate([0,0,-1]) cylinder(6,d=VASE_diameter-MESH_thickness);
}
}

module meshtop(thickness, step, offset) {
        translate([0,0, VASE_height-thickness/2.0])
       for (rot = [offset:step:360+offset]) {
            rotate([90,0,rot])
                linear_extrude(height = VASE_diameter*VASE_taper/2.0, twist = 0, slices = VASE_height) {
                    square([thickness,thickness],true);
                }
         }
}

module mesh(thickness, step, offset, twist, scale) {
    linear_extrude(height = VASE_height, twist = twist, slices = VASE_height, scale = scale) {
        for (rot = [offset:step:360+offset]) {
            rotate([0,0,rot])
            translate([VASE_diameter/2.0,0,0])
                square([thickness,thickness],true);
        }
    translate([VASE_diameter/2.0,0,0]) square([MESH_thickness,MESH_thickness],true);
    }
}

module thread(outer_dia, height, pitch, cap_wall) {

    difference() {
        cylinder(height,r=outer_dia/2.0+cap_wall);
        translate([0,0,-height/2.0]) metric_thread(outer_dia, pitch, height*2.0);
    }
}

```
threads.scad:
```
/*
 * ISO-standard metric threads, following this specification:
 *          http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_metric_screw_thread
 *
 * Dan Kirshner - dan_kirshner@yahoo.com
 *
 * You are welcome to make free use of this software.  Retention of my
 * authorship credit would be appreciated.
 *
 * Version 1.8.  2016-01-08  Option: (non-standard) angle.
 * Version 1.7.  2015-11-28  Larger x-increment - for small-diameters.
 * Version 1.6.  2015-09-01  Options: square threads, rectangular threads.
 * Version 1.5.  2015-06-12  Options: thread_size, groove.
 * Version 1.4.  2014-10-17  Use "faces" instead of "triangles" for polyhedron
 * Version 1.3.  2013-12-01  Correct loop over turns -- don't have early cut-off
 * Version 1.2.  2012-09-09  Use discrete polyhedra rather than linear_extrude ()
 * Version 1.1.  2012-09-07  Corrected to right-hand threads!
 */

// Examples.
//
// Standard M8 x 1.
// metric_thread (diameter=8, pitch=1, length=4);

// Square thread.
// metric_thread (diameter=8, pitch=1, length=4, square=true);

// Non-standard: long pitch, same thread size.
//metric_thread (diameter=8, pitch=4, length=4, thread_size=1, groove=true);

// Non-standard: 20 mm diameter, long pitch, square "trough" width 3 mm,
// depth 1 mm.
//metric_thread (diameter=20, pitch=8, length=16, square=true, thread_size=6,
//               groove=true, rectangle=0.333);

// English: 1/4 x 20.
//english_thread (diameter=1/4, threads_per_inch=20, length=1);

// Thread for mounting on Rohloff hub.
//difference () {
//   cylinder (r=20, h=10, $fn=100);
//
//   metric_thread (diameter=34, pitch=1, length=10, internal=true, n_starts=6);
//}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
function segments (diameter) = min (50, ceil (diameter*6));

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// internal -    true = clearances for internal thread (e.g., a nut).
//               false = clearances for external thread (e.g., a bolt).
//               (Internal threads should be "cut out" from a solid using
//               difference ()).
// n_starts -    Number of thread starts (e.g., DNA, a "double helix," has
//               n_starts=2).  See wikipedia Screw_thread.
// thread_size - (non-standard) size of a single thread "V" - independent of
//               pitch.  Default: same as pitch.
// groove      - (non-standard) subtract inverted "V" from cylinder (rather than
//               add protruding "V" to cylinder).
// square      - Square threads (per
//               https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square_thread_form).
// rectangle   - (non-standard) "Rectangular" thread - ratio depth/width
//               Default: 1 (square).
// angle       - (non-standard) angle (deg) of thread side from perpendicular to
//               axis (default = standard = 30 degrees).
module metric_thread (diameter=8, pitch=1, length=1, internal=false, n_starts=1,
                      thread_size=-1, groove=false, square=false, rectangle=0,
                      angle=30)
{
   // thread_size: size of thread "V" different than travel per turn (pitch).
   // Default: same as pitch.
   local_thread_size = thread_size == -1 ? pitch : thread_size;
   local_rectangle = rectangle ? rectangle : 1;

   n_segments = segments (diameter);
   h = (square || rectangle) ? local_thread_size*local_rectangle/2 : local_thread_size * cos (angle);

   h_fac1 = (square || rectangle) ? 0.90 : 0.625;

   // External thread includes additional relief.
   h_fac2 = (square || rectangle) ? 0.95 : 5.3/8;

   if (! groove) {
      metric_thread_turns (diameter, pitch, length, internal, n_starts,
                           local_thread_size, groove, square, rectangle, angle);
   }

   difference () {

      // Solid center, including Dmin truncation.
      if (groove) {
         cylinder (r=diameter/2, h=length, $fn=n_segments);
      } else if (internal) {
         cylinder (r=diameter/2 - h*h_fac1, h=length, $fn=n_segments);
      } else {

         // External thread.
         cylinder (r=diameter/2 - h*h_fac2, h=length, $fn=n_segments);
      }

      if (groove) {
         metric_thread_turns (diameter, pitch, length, internal, n_starts,
                              local_thread_size, groove, square, rectangle,
                              angle);
      }
   }
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Input units in inches.
// Note: units of measure in drawing are mm!
module english_thread (diameter=0.25, threads_per_inch=20, length=1,
                      internal=false, n_starts=1, thread_size=-1, groove=false,
                      square=false, rectangle=0)
{
   // Convert to mm.
   mm_diameter = diameter*25.4;
   mm_pitch = (1.0/threads_per_inch)*25.4;
   mm_length = length*25.4;

   echo (str ("mm_diameter: ", mm_diameter));
   echo (str ("mm_pitch: ", mm_pitch));
   echo (str ("mm_length: ", mm_length));
   metric_thread (mm_diameter, mm_pitch, mm_length, internal, n_starts,
                  thread_size, groove, square, rectangle);
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
module metric_thread_turns (diameter, pitch, length, internal, n_starts,
                            thread_size, groove, square, rectangle, angle)
{
   // Number of turns needed.
   n_turns = floor (length/pitch);

   intersection () {

      // Start one below z = 0.  Gives an extra turn at each end.
      for (i=[-1*n_starts : n_turns+1]) {
         translate ([0, 0, i*pitch]) {
            metric_thread_turn (diameter, pitch, internal, n_starts,
                                thread_size, groove, square, rectangle, angle);
         }
      }

      // Cut to length.
      translate ([0, 0, length/2]) {
         cube ([diameter*3, diameter*3, length], center=true);
      }
   }
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
module metric_thread_turn (diameter, pitch, internal, n_starts, thread_size,
                           groove, square, rectangle, angle)
{
   n_segments = segments (diameter);
   fraction_circle = 1.0/n_segments;
   for (i=[0 : n_segments-1]) {
      rotate ([0, 0, i*360*fraction_circle]) {
         translate ([0, 0, i*n_starts*pitch*fraction_circle]) {
            thread_polyhedron (diameter/2, pitch, internal, n_starts,
                               thread_size, groove, square, rectangle, angle);
         }
      }
   }
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// z (see diagram) as function of current radius.
// (Only good for first half-pitch.)
function z_fct (current_radius, radius, pitch, angle)
   = 0.5* (current_radius - (radius - 0.875*pitch*cos (angle)))
                                                       /cos (angle);

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
module thread_polyhedron (radius, pitch, internal, n_starts, thread_size,
                          groove, square, rectangle, angle)
{
   n_segments = segments (radius*2);
   fraction_circle = 1.0/n_segments;

   local_rectangle = rectangle ? rectangle : 1;

   h = (square || rectangle) ? thread_size*local_rectangle/2 : thread_size * cos (angle);
   outer_r = radius + (internal ? h/20 : 0); // Adds internal relief.
   //echo (str ("outer_r: ", outer_r));

   // A little extra on square thread -- make sure overlaps cylinder.
   h_fac1 = (square || rectangle) ? 1.1 : 0.875;
   inner_r = radius - h*h_fac1; // Does NOT do Dmin_truncation - do later with
                                // cylinder.

   translate_y = groove ? outer_r + inner_r : 0;
   reflect_x   = groove ? 1 : 0;

   // Make these just slightly bigger (keep in proportion) so polyhedra will
   // overlap.
   x_incr_outer = (! groove ? outer_r : inner_r) * fraction_circle * 2 * PI * 1.02;
   x_incr_inner = (! groove ? inner_r : outer_r) * fraction_circle * 2 * PI * 1.02;
   z_incr = n_starts * pitch * fraction_circle * 1.005;

   /*
    (angles x0 and x3 inner are actually 60 deg)

                          /\  (x2_inner, z2_inner) [2]
                         /  \
   (x3_inner, z3_inner) /    \
                  [3]   \     \
                        |\     \ (x2_outer, z2_outer) [6]
                        | \    /
                        |  \  /|
             z          |[7]\/ / (x1_outer, z1_outer) [5]
             |          |   | /
             |   x      |   |/
             |  /       |   / (x0_outer, z0_outer) [4]
             | /        |  /     (behind: (x1_inner, z1_inner) [1]
             |/         | /
    y________|          |/
   (r)                  / (x0_inner, z0_inner) [0]

   */

   x1_outer = outer_r * fraction_circle * 2 * PI;

   z0_outer = z_fct (outer_r, radius, thread_size, angle);
   //echo (str ("z0_outer: ", z0_outer));

   //polygon ([[inner_r, 0], [outer_r, z0_outer],
   //        [outer_r, 0.5*pitch], [inner_r, 0.5*pitch]]);
   z1_outer = z0_outer + z_incr;

   // Give internal square threads some clearance in the z direction, too.
   bottom = internal ? 0.235 : 0.25;
   top    = internal ? 0.765 : 0.75;

   translate ([0, translate_y, 0]) {
      mirror ([reflect_x, 0, 0]) {

         if (square || rectangle) {

            // Rule for face ordering: look at polyhedron from outside: points must
            // be in clockwise order.
            polyhedron (
               points = [
                         [-x_incr_inner/2, -inner_r, bottom*thread_size],         // [0]
                         [x_incr_inner/2, -inner_r, bottom*thread_size + z_incr], // [1]
                         [x_incr_inner/2, -inner_r, top*thread_size + z_incr],    // [2]
                         [-x_incr_inner/2, -inner_r, top*thread_size],            // [3]

                         [-x_incr_outer/2, -outer_r, bottom*thread_size],         // [4]
                         [x_incr_outer/2, -outer_r, bottom*thread_size + z_incr], // [5]
                         [x_incr_outer/2, -outer_r, top*thread_size + z_incr],    // [6]
                         [-x_incr_outer/2, -outer_r, top*thread_size]             // [7]
                        ],

               faces = [
                         [0, 3, 7, 4],  // This-side trapezoid

                         [1, 5, 6, 2],  // Back-side trapezoid

                         [0, 1, 2, 3],  // Inner rectangle

                         [4, 7, 6, 5],  // Outer rectangle

                         // These are not planar, so do with separate triangles.
                         [7, 2, 6],     // Upper rectangle, bottom
                         [7, 3, 2],     // Upper rectangle, top

                         [0, 5, 1],     // Lower rectangle, bottom
                         [0, 4, 5]      // Lower rectangle, top
                        ]
            );
         } else {

            // Rule for face ordering: look at polyhedron from outside: points must
            // be in clockwise order.
            polyhedron (
               points = [
                         [-x_incr_inner/2, -inner_r, 0],                        // [0]
                         [x_incr_inner/2, -inner_r, z_incr],                    // [1]
                         [x_incr_inner/2, -inner_r, thread_size + z_incr],      // [2]
                         [-x_incr_inner/2, -inner_r, thread_size],              // [3]

                         [-x_incr_outer/2, -outer_r, z0_outer],                 // [4]
                         [x_incr_outer/2, -outer_r, z0_outer + z_incr],         // [5]
                         [x_incr_outer/2, -outer_r, thread_size - z0_outer + z_incr], // [6]
                         [-x_incr_outer/2, -outer_r, thread_size - z0_outer]    // [7]
                        ],

               faces = [
                         [0, 3, 7, 4],  // This-side trapezoid

                         [1, 5, 6, 2],  // Back-side trapezoid

                         [0, 1, 2, 3],  // Inner rectangle

                         [4, 7, 6, 5],  // Outer rectangle

                         // These are not planar, so do with separate triangles.
                         [7, 2, 6],     // Upper rectangle, bottom
                         [7, 3, 2],     // Upper rectangle, top

                         [0, 5, 1],     // Lower rectangle, bottom
                         [0, 4, 5]      // Lower rectangle, top
                        ]
            );
         }
      }
   }
}

```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to have a business card holder designed. I've seen some cool ones made with OpenSCAD and I'd like one of my own!

Basically, it's a holder for standard business cards, 85mm x 55mm. The card holder should have an internal space that's at least 10mm deep. It needs to grip the cards so that even if there are only a few left they won't just fall out. I really like the look of a design that has curved ends, sort of like a rounded rectangle.

I'd also like to have the option to put some text on both of the largest flat surfaces of the holder. This text should be customizable. And hey, I'm planning to 3D print this, so no supports needed should be a major consideration! I don't want to have to mess with removing supports after printing. It would also be great to avoid any post-print work if possible.

Could you generate a parametric OpenSCAD file (or files) for this?  I don't need any special libraries like BOSL or anything - just the basic OpenSCAD functions should be enough. Thanks!

[Assistant]
visitenharry.scad:
```
////////////////////////////////////
////////////Visitenharry/////////
///////////////////////////////////

/////Visitenkarte/////

T=15/1;

W=1.6/1;
WB=1.6/1; //Wand Bogen

Lange=85.5/1;
L=Lange+2*W;

Breite=55.5/1;
B=Breite+2*W;

T=15/1;

Text1=" Your Name & bla";
Text2="3dk.berlin";

difference(){

union(){
difference(){
cube([T,B,L],center=true);
translate([0,0,2*W])
cube([T+W,B-2*W,L], center=true);
}

union(){
intersection() {
    translate([0,0,2*W+0.2])
cube([T,B-2*W,L], center=true);
//union(){
translate([B+2*W+0.2,0,-L/4]){
difference(){
    cylinder(L,B+2*W,B+2*W,center=true);
    cylinder(L+W,B-WB+2*W,B-WB+2*W,center=true);
}
}
}
intersection() {
    translate([0,0,2*W+0.2])
cube([T,B-2*W,L], center=true);

difference(){
difference() {
union(){
    translate([B+2*W+0.2,0,L/4])
sphere(B+2*W);
translate([T/2,0,L/4])
cube( [WB,B,B],center=true);
}
translate([B+2*W+0.2,0,L/4])
    sphere(B+2*W-WB);
}
translate([0,0,L/4-B/2])
cube([B,B,B],center=true);
}
}

}

rotate(a=180,v=[0,0,1])
union(){
intersection() {
    translate([0,0,2*W+0.2])
cube([T,B-2*W,L], center=true);
//union(){
translate([B+2*W+0.2,0,-L/4]){
difference(){
    cylinder(L,B+2*W,B+2*W,center=true);
    cylinder(L+W,B-WB+2*W,B-WB+2*W,center=true);
}
}
}
intersection() {
    translate([0,0,2*W+0.2])
cube([T,B-2*W,L], center=true);

difference(){
difference() {
union(){
    translate([B+2*W+0.2,0,L/4])
sphere(B+2*W);
translate([T/2,0,L/4])
cube( [WB,B,B],center=true);
}
translate([B+2*W+0.2,0,L/4])
    sphere(B+2*W-WB);
}
translate([0,0,L/4-B/2])
cube([B,B,B],center=true);
}
}

}
rotate(a=90, v=[0,1,0])
rotate(a=90, v=[1,0,0])
translate([-L/2+2,-T/2+4,B/2])
linear_extrude(0,0,0.5)
text(Text1, size=T-7.5);

rotate(a=90, v=[0,1,0])
rotate(a=-90, v=[1,0,0])
rotate(a=180, v=[0,0,1])
translate([-L/2+2,-T/2+4,B/2])

linear_extrude(0,0,0.5)
text(Text2, size=T-7.5);

}
translate([0,0,L/2])
rotate(a=90,v=[0,1,0])
cylinder(20,8,8, center=true);

translate([0,0,L/2+B/2])
cube([B,B,B],center=true);
  // rotate(a=90,v=[0,1,0])
  //  translate([-T/2+5,0,10])
//rotate(a=45,v=[1,0,0])

 //cube([5,8,8],center=true);

//translate([-T/2+5,0,-12])
//rotate(a=45,v=[1,0,0])

 //cube([5,8,8],center=true);
//translate([-T/2+5,0,-1])
//cube([5,11,22],center=true);
}

```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to design a customizable foot for 3D printing, and I'd like to use OpenSCAD for it. I've seen some examples that use a 'customizer' approach, where parameters are clearly defined at the top of the file.

Basically, the foot should be a truncated cone shape, with a flat base and a smaller diameter top. I need to be able to adjust the following aspects:

*   **Height:** The overall height of the foot.
*   **Base Diameter:** The diameter of the bottom of the cone.
*   **Top Diameter:** The diameter of the top of the cone.
*  **Number of Sides:** The smoothness of the cone cylinder should be variable, based on the number of sides.
*   **Offset Diameter:** There should be an indented cylinder, concentric with the main cylinder, on the top face, this should be defined as a percentage of the top diameter.
*   **Offset Thickness:** The depth of the offset indent.
*  **Screw Hole Diameter**: I need a screw hole through the middle of the entire foot.

I'd like to control all these via parameters defined at the beginning of the script. Can you generate an OpenSCAD file for this? I'm not very familiar with specific libraries, so I don't know if anything needs to be included.  Thanks!

[Assistant]
ParaMetric_Foot_v3.scad:
```
// Customizer Foot Designer
// Copyright (c) 2016 www.DIY3DTech.com
//
// REV 2.0 04/02/2016

// Standard Thingiverse Configurations:
// Range = [:] Slider
// Range = [,] Drop Down Box
// Range = None Text Box

// Start Parameters for for Customizer ----
// preview[view:south, tilt:top]

// of Foot (mm)
Height = 14; //[5:1:100]

// Diameter (mm)
Base = 55; //[10:1:100]

// Contact Diameter (mm)
Top = 50; //[5:1:100]

// (Count)
Sides = 60; //[4:1:100]

// Diameter (% of Contact Diameter)
Offset_Percent = 25; //[5:1:100]

//  (mm)
Offset_Thickness = 3; //[1:1:10]

// Diameter (mm)
Screw = 3.6; //[1:1:10]

// End Parameters for for Customizer  ----

// Start Module
Foot();

module Foot(){
difference() {
// Create Base
cylinder( Height, Base/2, Top/2,$fn=Sides, false);

// Create Offset Opening
translate([0,0,Offset_Thickness]){
cylinder( (Height+2), ((Top/2)*(Offset_Percent/100)), ((Top/2)*(Offset_Percent/100)),$fn=60, false);
    }

// Create Screw Opening
translate([0,0,-1]){
cylinder( Height+5, Screw/2, Screw/2,$fn=60, false);
    }
}
}

```


[User]
I'm looking to create a customizable rod holder for 3D printing, and I'd like it to be parametric, so I can easily adjust the dimensions. I need the following features:

1.  **Base Shape:** The holder should have a base that's essentially a rectangular prism. There will be a taller central portion.
2.  **Rod Holding Cutout:** There should be a semi-circular cutout to hold a rod, as well as a slot directly below the rod, presumably to allow for easy insertion and removal of the rod. The rod will be held above the base.
3. **Mounting Holes:** I would like to have mounting holes on the base, evenly spaced along the length of the base, and on either side of the center.
4. **Screw Hole:** There should be a screw hole that passes through the top of the central portion and the base. The hole should be sized for an M5 bolt and nut. The hole should have a circular cutout at the top that seats the hex nut.

I would like to be able to control the following parameters:
*   `base_length`: Overall length of the base.
*   `base_width`: Width of the base.
*   `base_height`: Height of the base.
*   `center_length`: Length of the taller, center portion
*   `center_height`: Height of the center portion.
*   `rod_radius`: Radius of the rod to be held.
*   `hole_radius`: Radius of the mounting holes.
*   `hole_space`: Spacing between the rod and the slot at the top.
*   `num_holes`: The number of mounting holes
*   `screw_size`: The size of the screw for the through hole, using the table of standard sizes.

I'd also like to use the "Libs.scad" library for standard hardware and basic shapes. Could you generate the OpenSCAD files for this design?

[Assistant]
rod_holder.scad:
```
$fn=50;
lenght = 10;
lenght2 = 5;
height1 = 2;
height2 = 5;
width = 4;
space = 0.2;

hole_radius = 0.9;
rod_radius =1;

module hole(pos){
	translate([0,0,-0.01]){
		linear_extrude(height = height2){
			translate([pos,width/2,0]){
				circle(r = hole_radius+0.01);
			}
		}
	}
}

difference(){
	union(){
		cube([lenght,width,height1]);
		translate([(lenght-lenght2)/2,0,0]){
			cube([lenght2,width,height2]);
		}
	}
	union(){
		union(){
			hole((lenght-lenght2)/4);
			hole(lenght-(lenght-lenght2)/4);
		}
		translate([lenght/2,-0.01,height2-(height2-height1)/2]){
			rotate([-90,0,0]){
				linear_extrude(height=width+0.02){
					union(){
						circle(r=rod_radius);
						translate([-space/2,-height2,0]){
							square([space,height2]);
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

```
rod_holder_with_nut.scad:
```
use <Libs.scad>
$fn=50;
lenght = 40;
lenght2 = 25;
height1 = 7;
height2 = 31;
width = 24;
space = 1;

hole_radius = 2.6;
rod_radius =8;

module hole(pos){
	translate([0,0,-0.1]){
		linear_extrude(height = height2){
			translate([pos,width/2,0]){
				circle(r = hole_radius+0.1);
			}
		}
	}
}
difference(){
	difference(){
		union(){
			cube([lenght,width,height1]);
			translate([(lenght-lenght2)/2,0,0]){
				cube([lenght2,width,height2]);
			}
		}
		union(){

			hole((lenght-lenght2)/4);
			hole(lenght-(lenght-lenght2)/4);

			translate([lenght/2,-0.1,height1+rod_radius]){
				rotate([-90,0,0]){
					linear_extrude(height=width+0.2){
						union(){
							circle(r=rod_radius);
							translate([-space/2,-height2,0]){
								square([space,height2]);
							}
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}
	/* screw */
	translate([(lenght-lenght2)/2-0.1,width/2,height2 - 5]){
		rotate([0,90,0]){
			rotate([0,0,90]){
				hexNut(size="M5");
			}
			linear_extrude(height=lenght){
				circle(r=2.6);
			}
			translate([0,0,lenght2-4.8]){
				linear_extrude(height=5){
					circle(r=4);
				}
			}
		}
	}
}
```
Libs.scad:
```
/*   	MY Libraries v1.1 - Common Components
		Unless stated otherwise, all modules
		are by Randy Young <dadick83@hotmail.com>
		2010, 2011.   License, GPL v2 or later
**************************************************/

displayMode= rezScreen();  // (resolution)

function rezPrinter()=0;
function rezScreen()=1;

function resolution(value) =
	displayMode==1 ? 360 : value*2*3.141592; // ~1mm resolution for printer
$fn=resolution(4); // default for cylinder & sphere

function vectorDistance(v1, v2) =
	sqrt((pow(v2[0]-v1[0],2)+pow(v2[1]-v1[1],2))+pow(v2[2]-v1[2],2));
// function for linear measurement from 2, 3d vectors)

ep=0.01; //small number to avoid overlaps (non-manifold models)
in=25.4; //inches to millimeter conversion

/***** ROTATION & TRANSLATION SHORTCUTS  *****
Used for common, easy to type single axis moves
with names I can actually remember (since I never
get the rotation directions right on first try. :o)   */

function tighten (angle=90) =
		[0,0,-1*angle];

function loosen (angle=90) =
		[0,0,angle];

function righty (angle=90) =
		[0,angle,0];

function lefty (angle=90) =
		[0,-1*angle,0];

function backward (angle=90) =
		[-1*angle,0,0];

function forward (angle=90) =
		[angle,0,0];

function push(distance=1) =
		[0,distance,0];

function lift(distance=1) =
		[0,0,distance];

function slide(distance=1) =
		[distance,0,0];

/*************************************************
BASIC ENGINEERING SHAPES */

module hex (width=10, height=10, flats= true, center=false){
	radius= (flats == true ? width/sin(60)/2 : width/2 );
		cylinder (r=radius, h=height, center=center, $fn=6);
}

module equilateralTriangle (side=10, height=10, center=false){
	translate(center==true ? [-side/2,-sqrt(3)*side/6,-height/2] : [0,0,0])
		linear_extrude(height=height)
			polygon(points=[[0,0],[side,0],[side/2,sqrt(3)*side/2]]);
}

module pyramid(side=10, height=-1, square=false, centerHorizontal=true, centerVertical=false){
// creates a 3 or 4 sided pyramid.  -1 height= tetrahedron or Johnson's Solid square pyramid
	mHeight= height!=-1 ? height:
		square == true ? (1/sqrt(2))*side:		//square
			sqrt(6)/3*side;						//tetra
	vert= centerVertical!=true ? [0,0,0]:
		square==false ? [0,0,-mHeight/4] :	 //inscribes a tetra inside a sphere, not 1/2 ht
			[0,0,-mHeight/2];	//for squares, center=false inscribes, so true is just 1/2 ht
	horiz= centerHorizontal!= true ? [0,0,0] :
		square == true ? [-side/2, -side/2, 0] : 	//square
			[-side/2,-sqrt(3)*side/6 ,0];			//tetra
	translate(vert+horiz){
		if (square == true){
			polyhedron (	points = [[0,0,0],[0,side,0],[side,side,0],
								[side,0,0],[side/2,side/2,mHeight]],
						triangles = [[1,0,2], [2,0,3], [0,4,3],
								[3,4,2], [2,4,1], [1,4,0]]);
		}
		if (square != true){
			polyhedron (	points = [[0,0,0],[side,0,0],[side/2,sqrt(3)*side/2,0],
								[side/2,sqrt(3)*side/6,mHeight]],
						triangles = [[0,1,2], [1,0,3], [2,1,3],[2,3,0]]);
		}
}	}

module tube(r=2, thickness=1, height=1, center=false, outline=false){
	translate(lift(center == true ?  0 : 0.5*height))
	difference(){
		cylinder(r=r, h=height, center=true, $fn=resolution(r));
		if (outline!=true)
			cylinder(r=r-thickness+ep, h=height+2*ep, center=true, $fn=resolution(r-thickness));
}	}

module roundRect (size=[10,10,10], round=3, center=false){
	$fn=resolution(round);
	radius = min(round, size[0]/2, size[1]/2);
	union(){
		translate(center==true ? [-size[0]/2,-size[1]/2,-size[2]/2] : [0,0,0]){
			translate([radius,radius,0])
				cylinder (r=radius, h=size[2]);
			translate([size[0]-radius,radius,0])
				cylinder (r=radius, h=size[2]);
			translate([size[0]-radius,size[1]-radius,0])
				cylinder (r=radius, h=size[2]);
			translate([radius,size[1]-radius,0])
				cylinder (r=radius, h=size[2]);
			translate([0,radius,0])
				cube(size-[0,radius*2,0]);
			translate([radius,0,0])
				cube(size-[radius*2,0,0]);
}	}	}

module keyhole(r1, r2, length, height) {
	translate ([0,length/2,0]) union(){
		translate ([0,length/2-r1,0])
			cylinder (r=r1, height, $fn=resolution(r1));
		translate ([0,0-(length/2-r2),0])
			cylinder (r=r2, height, $fn=resolution(r2));
		translate ([-r1,r1-length/2,0])
			cube ([r1*2,length-(r1*2),height]);
	}
}

module slot(size=[4,10,1], startRound=true, endRound=true, centerXYZ=[1,0,0]){
	$fn=resolution(size[0]/2);
	radius=size[0]/2;
	start= startRound==true ? radius : 0;
	end= endRound==true ? radius : 0;
	translate([-size[0]/2*centerXYZ[0],
			-size[1]/2*centerXYZ[1],
			-size[2]/2*centerXYZ[2]])
	union(){
		translate([0,start,0]) cube (size-[0,start+end,0]);
		if (startRound==true) translate ([radius,radius,0])
			cylinder (r=size[0]/2, h=size[2]);
		if (endRound==true) translate ([radius,size[1]-radius,0])
			cylinder (r=size[0]/2, h=size[2]);

}	}

module dovetail (width=9, height=10, male=true){
	w= (male==true) ? width*0.975 : width;
	translate(slide(2.4)) union(){
		rotate(tighten(30))
			equilateralTriangle(w,height, center=true);
		translate(slide(-4.5)) cube([4.2,width*1.5,height], center=true);}
}

module teardrop(radius=5, length=10, angle=90) {
// teardrop module by whosawhatsis <www.thingiverse.com/thing:3457>
// Creative Commons LGPL, 2010.  I added default values and resolution code
	$fn=resolution(radius);
	rotate([0, angle, 0]) union() {
		linear_extrude(height = length, center = true, convexity = radius, twist = 0)
			circle(r = radius, center = true);
		linear_extrude(height = length, center = true, convexity = radius, twist = 0)
			projection(cut = false) rotate([0, -angle, 0])
			translate([0, 0, radius * sin(45) * 1.5])
			cylinder(h = radius * sin(45), r1 = radius * sin(45), r2 = 0,
					center = true);
	}
}

/*************************************************
HARDWARE COMPONENTS */

module hexNut(size="M3", center=false, outline=false, pos=[0,0,0]){
	if (tableRow(size) == -1)	echo(str("hexNut ERROR: size of '",size,"' is undefined."));
	width = tableEntry (size, "nutWidth");
	height = tableEntry (size, "nutThickness");
	hole = tableEntry (size, "nutID");
	translate(pos+lift(center == true ?  0 : 0.5*height)) difference(){
		hex(width, height, center=true);
		if (outline!=true)
			cylinder(r=hole/2+0.01, h=height+0.02, center=true, $fn=resolution(hole/2));
}	}

module washer(size="M3", center=false, outline=false, pos=[0,0,0]){
	if (tableRow(size) == -1)	echo(str("washer ERROR: size of '",size,"' is undefined."));
	width = tableEntry (size, "washerOD");
	height = tableEntry (size, "washerThickness");
	hole = tableEntry (size, "washerID");
	translate(pos) tube(width/2,(width-hole)/2,height,center,outline);
}

module capBolt (size="M3", length= 16, center=false, pos=[0,0,0])	{
	if (tableRow(size) == -1)	echo(str("capBolt ERROR: size of '",size,"' is undefined."));
	diameter = tableEntry (size, "headDiameter");
	head = tableEntry (size, "headThickness");
	stud = tableEntry (size, "studDiameter");
	translate(pos+[0,0,center == true ? -length/2 : 0]) union()	{
		translate(lift(-head)){
			cylinder(r=diameter/2, h=head, $fn=resolution(diameter/2));
			cylinder(r=stud/2, h=length+head, $fn=resolution(stud/2));
}	}	}

module hexBolt (size="M3", length= 16, center=false, pos=[0,0,0])	{
	if (tableRow(size) == -1)	echo(str("hexBolt ERROR: size of '",size,"' is undefined."));
	width = tableEntry (size, "headDiameter");
	head = tableEntry (size, "headThickness");
	stud = tableEntry (size, "studDiameter");
	translate(pos+[0,0,center == true ? -length/2 : 0]) union()	{
		translate(lift(-head)){
			hex(width, head, $fn=6);
			cylinder(r=stud/2, h=length+head, $fn=resolution(stud/2));
}	}	}

module bearing (size="Skate", center=false, outline=false, pos=[0,0,0]){
// The Elmom MCAD has a much better version of a bearing module.
// This is a basic donut shape but gets the job done for construction.
	if (tableRow(size) == -1)	echo(str("bearing ERROR: type of '",type,"' is undefined."));
	hole = tableEntry (size, "bearingID");
	thickness = tableEntry (size, "bearingThickness");
	diameter = tableEntry (size, "bearingOD");
	translate(pos)
		tube(diameter/2, (diameter-hole)/2, thickness, center, outline);
}

/*************************************************
/****  TABLE DATA AND SUPPORT FUNCTIONS		****
The following functions contain various engineering tables but you can add whatever data
you'd like.  I've also used it for translation landmarks.  The table itself is arranged with an array of arrays (vectors) and stored within the "tableRow" function with each row having a string identifier.  Thus, you can retrieve a vector by name without storing a bunch of variables.
	A second array function, called "columnNames" is simply a convenient way to refer to each element within a vector by an element name.  The values overlap, depending on what data type you're working with.  For instance, "bearingWidth" = "headThickness" = z-vector element = 2.
	You can find a specific variable within the data, using "rowElement" that uses row, column strings to identify the element desired.  Uncomment the example below to see it in action.
						*****/
//testTable();
		module testTable(){
			column = "nutWidth";
			row =	"M3";

			echo (str(column," is found in column #",
				columnName(column)	));
			echo (str("The row named ",row," contains: ",
				tableRow(row)		));
			echo (str("The ",column," field of the ",row," row is: ",
				tableEntry(row,column)	));
		}

function columnName(name)=
	// Bearings
		name == "bearingID" 		? 0 :
		name == "bearingOD" 		? 1 :
		name == "bearingThickness"?2 :
	// Bolts
		name == "studDiameter" 	? 0 :
		name == "headDiameter" 	? 1 :
		name == "headThickness" 	? 2 :
	// Nuts
		name == "nutID"	 		? 0 :
		name == "nutWidth" 		? 3 :
		name == "nutThickness" 	? 4 :
	// Washers
		name == "washerID"	 	? 0 :
		name == "washerOD"	 	? 5 :
		name == "washerThickness"? 6 :
	-1; // Not Found.  Results in Undef fields.

function tableRow (name)=
	// Bearing Names
		name == "606" 		? [6, 13, 6] :
		name == "608" 		? [8, 22, 7] :
		name == "624" 		? [4, 13, 5] :
		name == "Skate" 		? [8, 22, 7] :
	// Bolt, Nut, Washer Sizes
	// It seems hardware size standards are loose, so these dimensions may not match your hardware.
		name == "M2" 		? [2, 4, 2, 4, 1.6, 5.5, 0.3] :
		name == "M2.5" 		? [2.5, 5, 2.5, 5, 2, 7, 0.5] :
		name == "M3" 		? [3, 5.5, 3, 5.5, 2.4, 7, 0.5] :
		name == "M4" 		? [4, 7.0, 4, 7, 3.2, 9, 0.8] :
		name == "M5" 		? [5, 8.5, 5, 8, 4.7, 10, 1] :
		name == "M6" 		? [6, 10, 6, 10, 5.2, 12.5, 1.6 ] :
		name == "M8" 		? [8, 13, 8, 13, 6.8, 17, 1.8] :
		name == "#8"		 	? [0.164*in, 7.1, 0.164*in, 11/32*in, 3.05, in/2, in*0.04] :
		name == "1/4 Hex" 	? [in/4, in*0.505, in*11/64, in*7/16, in*5/32, in*0.734, in*0.063] :
		name == "5/16 Hex"	? [in*5/16, in*0.577, in*7/32, in/2, in*3/16, in*0.875, in*0.063] :
	-1; //Not found in Table

function tableEntry (rowName, fieldName) =
	tableRow(rowName)[columnName(fieldName)];

/*************************************************
OPENSCAD INTERFACE & EXAMPLES */

libEcho=true;
if (libEcho!=false){
	echo ("****************************************************************  ");
	echo ("  'Libs' library loaded. For a list of modules, use libHelp();            ");
	echo ("   For help with translation/rotation functions, use libMoveHelp();");
	echo ("   For examples of each object, use libDemo();                             ");
	echo ("   To turn off this header, place libEcho=false; in your script        ");
	echo ("   libs.scad is @ http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:6021             ");
	echo ("****************** By randyy, 2011, LGPL v2+ ******************  ");
}

module libDemo(){
	translate(slide(15)) pyramid();
	translate(lift(5)) equilateralTriangle(center=true);
	translate(slide(-15)) pyramid(square=true);
	translate(slide(15)+push(15)) tube(5,2, height=10);
	translate([-5,10,0]) roundRect();
	translate([-15,15,0]) hex();
	translate([15,-25,0]) slot([4,15,4],true,false);
	translate([0,-25,0]) keyhole(2,4,15,4);
	translate([-30,-10,0]) hexNut();
	translate([-30,-20,0]) washer();
	translate([-30,0,tableEntry("#8","headThickness")]) capBolt("M3",12);
	translate([-30,15,tableEntry("#8","headThickness")]) hexBolt("#8",12);
	translate([-15,-18,0]) rotate(tighten()) dovetail(9,4);
}

module libHelp(){
	echo();
	echo("  ***********************   libHelp   **************************");
	echo("  displayMode= 1;  // 0=printer, 1=screen (resolution)  ");
	echo("  hex (width=10, height=10, flats= true, center=false)  ");
	echo("  equilateralTriangle (side=10, height=10, center=false)  ");
	echo("  pyramid(side=10, height=-1, square=false, centerHorizontal=true, centerVertical=false)  ");
	echo("  tube(r=2, thickness=1, height=1, center=false, outline=false)  ");
	echo("  roundRect (size=[10,10,10], round=3, center=false)  ");
	echo("  keyhole(r1, r2, length, height)  ");
	echo("  slot(size=[4,10,1], startRound=true, endRound=true, centerXYZ=[1,0,0])  ");
	echo("  dovetail (width=9, height=10, male=true)  ");
	echo("  teardrop(radius=5, length=10, angle=90)  ");
	echo("  hexNut(size='M3', center=false, outline=false, pos=[0,0,0])  ");
	echo("  washer(size='M3', center=false, outline=false, pos=[0,0,0])  ");
	echo("  capBolt (size='M3', length= 16, center=false, pos=[0,0,0])  ");
	echo("  hexBolt (size='M3', length= 16, center=false, pos=[0,0,0])  ");
	echo("  bearing (size='Skate', center=false, outline=false, pos=[0,0,0])  ");
	echo("  TABLE FUNCTIONS  ");
	echo("  function columnName(name)  ");
	echo("  function tableRow (name)  ");
	echo("  function tableEntry (rowName, fieldName)  ");
	echo();
}

module libMoveHelp(){
	echo();
	echo("  *********************   libMoveHelp   ************************");
	echo("  ROTATION - default is 90 degrees, but you can use any value in ().  ");
	echo("     tighten(), clockwise, along z                                                       ");
	echo("     loosen(), counterclockwise, along z                                            ");
	echo("     righty(), leans right, along y axis                                                ");
	echo("     lefty(), leans left, along y axis                                                     ");
	echo("     backward() falls away, along x axis                                             ");
	echo("     forward() falls toward you, along x axis                                      ");
	echo("  TRANSLATION - negative numbers move in opposite direction      ");
	echo("     push(distance) moves object away, along y                                 ");
	echo("     lift(distance) moves object up, along z                                        ");
	echo("     slide(distance) moves object right, along x                                 ");
	echo();
}
```
rod_holder_with_nut_4_holes.scad:
```
use <Libs.scad>
$fn=50;
lenght = 45;
lenght2 = 25;
height1 = 7;
height2 = 31;
width = 24;
space = 1;

hole_radius = 2.6;
rod_radius =8;

module hole(pos,wid){
	translate([0,0,-0.1]){
		linear_extrude(height = height2){
			translate([pos,wid,0]){
				circle(r = hole_radius+0.1);
			}
		}
	}
}
difference(){
	difference(){
		union(){
			cube([lenght,width,height1]);
			translate([(lenght-lenght2)/2,0,0]){
				cube([lenght2,width,height2]);
			}
		}
		union(){

			hole((lenght-lenght2)/4,width/4);
			hole(lenght-(lenght-lenght2)/4, width/4);
			hole((lenght-lenght2)/4,width-width/4);
			hole(lenght-(lenght-lenght2)/4, width-width/4);

			translate([lenght/2,-0.1,height1+rod_radius]){
				rotate([-90,0,0]){
					linear_extrude(height=width+0.2){
						union(){
							circle(r=rod_radius);
							translate([-space/2,-height2,0]){
								square([space,height2]);
							}
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}
	/* screw */
	translate([(lenght-lenght2)/2-0.1,width/2,height2 - 5]){
		rotate([0,90,0]){
			rotate([0,0,90]){
				hexNut(size="M5");
			}
			linear_extrude(height=lenght){
				circle(r=2.6);
			}
			translate([0,0,lenght2-4.8]){
				linear_extrude(height=5){
					circle(r=4.3);
				}
			}
		}
	}
}
```


[User]
I'm looking to create a customizable plinth clip for my kitchen, similar to the one on Thingiverse by Damian Axford (Thing:9550), but I need it to be fully parametric so I can adjust the dimensions easily. I found a modified version that seems closer to what I need, but I'm hoping you can create a fresh design based on its functionality.

Here's what I'm aiming for, broken down into the clip's components:

**Overall Structure:** The clip should consist of a base and a "clip" section that grips a cylindrical leg. The base will be attached to the cabinet and the clip will hold a leg with a circular cross-section.

**Base:**
*   The base should be a rounded rectangular box with a certain base thickness.
*   It needs to include screw slots or holes for attaching it to the cabinet. The screw holes should be slightly offset from the edges of the base, and also slightly above the base.

**Clip Body:**
*   The main part of the clip will have a roughly C-shape when viewed from the top, forming a kind of throat. The clip will be a partially hollow cylinder, with the hollow section opening to the side and creating the throat, so that the leg can be slipped into the clip.
*   There should be a reinforcement structure on the outer curved part of the clip body, like a small segment of an outer cylinder.
*   There should be two guide blocks located at the outer sides of the C-shape, to help ensure that the plinth is placed properly. They should extend out from the clip body a short distance at 45 degree angles.
* The main C-shape should be connected to the base by a series of thin walls forming the bottom of the C-shape (effectively as part of the base).

**Parametric Customization:**
I need the following parameters to be adjustable:
*   `legDia`: The diameter of the cylindrical leg that the clip will hold.
*   `screwDia`: The diameter of the screws used to attach the clip.
*   `clipHeight`: The height of the main clip part.
*   `wallThickness`: The thickness of the walls of the clip body.
*   `baseThickness`: The thickness of the base.
* `screwOffset`: The offset of the screw slots from the side of the base.
*   `$fn`: For curved surfaces, I would prefer it if I could set the number of segments.

**Libraries:**
I'm aware of the MCAD library for OpenSCAD, specifically the `boxes.scad` file which contains the `roundedBox` module, and I would like to use that, so please include MCAD in your solution.

Can you generate the necessary OpenSCAD files for this? I would like for the primary code to be in a file called `plinthClipcustomizable.scad`, but if it requires additional files beyond what is included in MCAD, I am happy to have additional files.

[Assistant]
plinthClipcustomizable.scad:
```
// ==========================================
//Title: plinthClipcustomizable
// Version: 1
// Last Updated: 3 April 2016
// Author: Michael Wakileh
// License: Attribution - Share Alike - Creative Commons
// License URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/

//based on the the previous work:
// Title: plinthClip
// Version: 0.1
// Last Updated: 22 June 2011
// Author: Damian Axford
// License: Attribution - Share Alike - Creative Commons
// License URL: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/
// Thingiverse URL: TBC
// ==========================================

// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Includes
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

// boxes.scad required for roundedBox module
include <MCAD/boxes.scad>

// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Global variables
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

variablefnparameter = 360;   // used for $fn parameter when generating curved surfaces
variablelegDia = 26;         // originally 33
variablescrewDia = 3;        //orig 3
variableclipHeighth = 10;    //orig 10
variablewallThickness = 2;   //orig 1.5
variablebaseThickness = 2.5; //orig 2
variablescrewOffset = 0.8;    //originally 2

// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Modules
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

module plinthClip(legDia,screwDia = variablescrewDia) {
	clipHeight = variableclipHeighth;
	wallThickness = variablewallThickness;
	throat = legDia - 6;
	baseThickness = variablebaseThickness;
	screwOffset = variablescrewOffset*screwDia;
	baseDepth=clipHeight + screwDia + 2*screwOffset;

	difference() {
		union() {
			// base
			translate([0,(baseDepth/2-clipHeight),baseThickness/2])
				roundedBox(size=[legDia,baseDepth,baseThickness], $fn=variablefnparameter,radius=screwDia*2,sidesonly=true);

			//clip body
			rotate([90,0,0])
				difference() {

					union() {
						// clip
						translate([0,clipHeight/2 + legDia/2,0]) cylinder(h=clipHeight, r=legDia/2 + wallThickness, $fn=variablefnparameter);

						// clip reinforcement
						translate([0,legDia/2.1,clipHeight/3])
							scale([1,1.3,1])
							cylinder(h=clipHeight/4, r=legDia/2 + 2*wallThickness, $fn=variablefnparameter);

						// base
						linear_extrude(height=clipHeight)
							polygon(points= [	[throat/2,clipHeight],
			     							[-throat/2,clipHeight],
										[-legDia/2,0],
			     							[legDia/2,0]]);

						// guides
						translate([0,legDia*1,clipHeight/2])
							rotate([0,0,45])
							cube(size=[legDia*0.8,legDia*0.8,clipHeight],center=true);
					}
					// hollow clip
					translate([0,clipHeight/2 + legDia/2,-1]) cylinder(h=clipHeight+2, r=legDia/2, $fn=variablefnparameter);

					// open throat
					translate([0,clipHeight/2 + legDia,clipHeight/2]) cube(size=[throat,legDia,clipHeight+2], center=true);

					// trim below base
					translate([-legDia,-throat,-1])
						cube(size=[2*legDia,throat,clipHeight+2]);

					// trim guides
					translate([wallThickness,legDia*1.17,clipHeight/2])
						rotate([0,0,45])
						cube(size=[legDia*0.8,legDia*0.8,clipHeight+2],center=true);
					translate([-wallThickness,legDia*1.17,clipHeight/2])
						rotate([0,0,45])
						cube(size=[legDia*0.8,legDia*0.8,clipHeight+2],center=true);
				}
		}

		// hollow screw slots
		translate([legDia/5,screwOffset + screwDia/2,baseThickness/2])
			cube(size=[legDia/5,screwDia,baseThickness+2],center=true);

		translate([-legDia/5,screwOffset + screwDia/2,baseThickness/2])
			cube(size=[legDia/5,screwDia,baseThickness+2],center=true);

		translate([3*legDia/10,screwOffset + screwDia/2,baseThickness/2])
			cylinder(h=baseThickness+2, r=screwDia/2,center=true,$fn=variablefnparameter);

		translate([1*legDia/10,screwOffset + screwDia/2,baseThickness/2])
			cylinder(h=baseThickness+2, r=screwDia/2,center=true,$fn=variablefnparameter);

		translate([-1*legDia/10,screwOffset + screwDia/2,baseThickness/2])
			cylinder(h=baseThickness+2, r=screwDia/2,center=true,$fn=variablefnparameter);

		translate([-3*legDia/10,screwOffset + screwDia/2,baseThickness/2])
			cylinder(h=baseThickness+2, r=screwDia/2,center=true,$fn=variablefnparameter);
	}
}

// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Example usage
// -----------------------------------------------------------------------------------

plinthClip(legDia=variablelegDia);

```


[User]
I'd like to create a parametric screwdriver handle with a few key features. I'm aiming for something similar to the attached `Hex_bit_screwdriver_handle_V2.scad`, but I want to make sure I'm starting from scratch with a well-structured, parameterized design.

Here's what I need:

*   **Handle Shape:** The basic handle shape should be a somewhat ergonomic cylinder with a larger diameter at the center, tapering down towards the ends, though not perfectly straight cylinders. I'd like to define the overall height, center diameter, and also have parameters for the diameter where the shaft enters and at the very base.
*   **Bit Insertion:** It needs a hexagonal hole to accept standard 1/4 inch hex screwdriver bits. I'd like to have some tolerance control here.
*   **Optional Magnet:** I would like to be able to include a magnet at the base for bit retention, and a parameter to toggle it on or off. Also, I want to specify the shape of the magnet hole (either round or square) and its size and thickness. Again, tolerance would be a nice plus for the magnet.
*  **Parameters:** I want the following parameters available:
    *   `handle_height`: Total height of the handle.
    *   `handle_center_diameter`: Diameter at the widest point of the handle.
    *   `handle_shaft_diameter`: Diameter of the end where the hex bit inserts.
    *   `handle_base_diameter`: Diameter of the end opposite of the shaft.
    *   `hex_bit_tolerance`: Tolerance for the hex bit insert.
    *   `magnet_option`: Boolean to enable or disable the magnet.
    *   `magnet_shape`: 0 for round, 1 for square.
    *  `magnet_size`: Diameter or side length of the magnet.
    *   `magnet_thickness`: Thickness of the magnet.
   *    `magnet_tolerance`: Tolerance for the magnet hole.
    *  `resolution`: Parameter controlling the mesh resolution.

I'd really like this to be a modular approach, with separate modules for the main handle shape, the hex bit insert hole, and magnet cavity. Also please generate using best practices - well commented, reasonable names etc. I'm hoping you could provide a single `.scad` file that accomplishes this. Thanks!

[Assistant]
Hex_bit_screwdriver_handle_V2.scad:
```

/* [Handle settings] */
//screwriver height
sdh=18;//[18:1:100]

//screwdriver diameter
sdd=20;//[20:0.5:50]

/* [Magnet settings] */
//magnet option
mo=1;//[0:No,1:Yes]

//magnet shape
mshape=0;//[0:round,1:square]

//magnet size (square side or circle diameter)
msize=10;//[5:0.5:10]

//magnet thickness
mt=2;//[1:0.5:6]

/* [Tuning] */
definition=40;//[40:Low,70:Medium,100:High]
//positve value will add gaps for bit and magnet
tolerance=0.15;
/////////

$fn=definition;

//screwdriver
module screwdriver(a){
    difference() {
        rotate([180,0,0])rotate_extrude() rotate([0,0,-90])
        hull() {
            translate([sdh-5.25,0,0]) square(5.25);
            square(1);
            translate([5,sdd/2-5,0]) circle(5);
            translate([sdh-13,sdd/2-5,0]) circle(5);
        }
        for(i=[0:360/7:360]) rotate([0,0,i]) translate([sdd/1.9,0,0]) scale([1,1.2,1]) cylinder(d=2*3.14*sdd/25,h=sdh);
            translate([0,0,sdh-0.2]) cylinder(d=7.4+2*tolerance,h=16,center=true,$fn=6);

        //magnet option
        translate([0,0,sdh-8-mt/2-tolerance]) if(a==1) {
            if(mshape==0) {
                cylinder(d=msize+4*tolerance,h=mt+4*tolerance,center=true);
            }
            else if(mshape==1) {
                cube([msize+4*tolerance,msize+4*tolerance,mt+2*tolerance],center=true);
            }
        }
        else {}
    }

}
screwdriver(mo);

```


[User]
I'm looking to design a model rocket kit that can use a standard cardboard tube like from a paper towel roll. I'd like it to have a few interchangeable parts: a nose cone, some fins, and a connector piece for joining multiple tubes. I'd like to be able to set the number of fins on the rocket.

Could you generate the OpenSCAD files for this? I'd like to be able to change the following parameters:

*   **rocket\_diameter:** The diameter of the cardboard tube used for the body.
*   **part:** Which part to render ("nose cone", "connector", "fins").
*   **nose\_cone\_length:** The length of the nose cone.
*  **fin\_thickness:** The thickness of the fins.
*   **fin\_width:** The width of the fins.
*   **fin\_height\_outer:** The height of the fins at their outer edge.
*   **fin\_height\_inner:** The height of the fins where they connect to the body.
*   **num\_fins:** The number of fins on the rocket.

I'm imagining the connector will have a lip that goes inside of the body tube and a second lip that the next tube would slide onto. The nose cone should have a smooth transition to a point. I'm not expecting any libraries for this but please note if you end up relying on any.

[Assistant]
rocket_parts.scad:
```
$fn=90;

/* Global */

// Rocket Body Diameter (mm)
rocket_diameter = 44;

// Which part to print?
part = "nose cone"; // [nose cone, connector, fins]

/* [Nose Cone] */

// Nose Cone Length (mm)
nose_cone_length    = 150; // [40:200]

/* [Fins] */

// Fin Thickness (mm)
fin_thickness = 4;  // [3:6]

// Fin Width (mm)
fin_width = 20;// [10:60]

// Fin Height - Outer (mm)
fin_height_outer = 10; // [20:150]

// Fin Height - Inner (mm)
fin_height_inner = 65; // [40:300]

// Number of Fins
num_fins = 5;  // [3, 4, 5, 6]

print_part();

module print_part() {
    if(part == "fins")
        fins();
    if(part == "connector")
        connector();
    if(part=="nose cone")
        rotate([180,0,0]) nose_cone();
}

module nose_cone() {
    cylinder(r1=(rocket_diameter/2)-1,r2=(rocket_diameter/2)-1.5,h=20);
    difference() {
        scale([1,1,nose_cone_length/(rocket_diameter/2)]) sphere(d=rocket_diameter);
        cylinder(r=rocket_diameter/2,h=nose_cone_length);
    }

}

module connector() {
    difference() {
        union() {
            translate([0,0,25/2]) cylinder(r1=(rocket_diameter/2)-1,r2=(rocket_diameter/2)-1.5,h=25, center=true);
            translate([0,0,-25/2]) cylinder(r1=(rocket_diameter/2)-1.5,r2=(rocket_diameter/2)-1,h=25, center=true);
            cylinder(r=rocket_diameter/2,h=10, center=true);
        }
        cylinder(r=(rocket_diameter/2)-3,h=50, center=true);
    }

}

module fin() {
   polyhedron
    (points = [
	       [0,fin_thickness/2,0], [0,fin_thickness/2,fin_height_inner], [fin_width,fin_thickness/2, fin_height_outer], [fin_width,fin_thickness/2,0],
               [0,-fin_thickness/2,0], [0,-fin_thickness/2,fin_height_inner], [fin_width,-fin_thickness/2, fin_height_outer], [fin_width,-fin_thickness/2,0]
    ],
     faces = [
                [0,1,2],[0,2,3],
                [0,4,5],[0,5,1],
                [4,7,6],[4,6,5],
                [2,1,5],[2,5,6],
                [3,2,6],[3,6,7],
                [0,3,7],[0,7,4]
            ]
     );
}
module fins() {
    difference() {
        union() {
            cylinder(r1=(rocket_diameter/2)-1,r2=(rocket_diameter/2)-1.5,h=fin_height_inner+20);
            cylinder(r=rocket_diameter/2,h=fin_height_inner);
        }
        cylinder(r=(rocket_diameter/2)-3,h=fin_height_inner+30);
    }

        for( pos = [0:360/num_fins: 360] ) {
           rotate([0,0,pos]) translate([rocket_diameter/2,0,0]) fin();
        }
}

```


[User]
Hi! I'm looking to design a custom address stamp, similar to the one I saw online, but I want it to be fully parametric. I'd like the design to be flexible enough that I can change the text, the text alignment, the text size, and the overall dimensions of the stamp.

Specifically, I'd like two main components:

1.  **The Stamp Base/Handle:** This should be a rectangular base that will serve as the handle. I need to be able to control its length, width, and height. The base is intended to be printed in a rigid material like ABS.
2.  **The Rubber Stamp Face:** This will be the actual stamp surface, featuring the text. I'd like to be able to specify multiple lines of text, the font size for each line, and how each line should align (left, center, or right). I also want to be able to control the overall dimensions of the rubber stamp. This part will be printed in a flexible material like rubber filament. I want the design to account for the "negative space" of the text in a way that means it's not flat but embossed. The rubber stamp face will be designed to be slightly inset into the stamp base.

I also want to be able to:
*   **Control the inset** of the stamp face into the base.
*   **Rotate** the entire stamp by an angle that I can specify.
*   **Translate** the entire stamp by vector I can specify.

I'd also like to have the ability to easily switch out between using text and illustrations. So let's make a design which supports either one of several predetermined illustrations or the address text. If text is selected, that's what I described above. If an illustration is selected, it should scale to the appropriate space and be embossed in the rubber. The illustration would need to be provided as a 2D polygon, or SVG that could be converted to 2D polygon data inside OpenSCAD. I think that'll need to be done outside of the program, since I'd have to be able to import the SVG from a file. But the rest of the generation needs to be automatic.

Could you please generate a set of OpenSCAD files to accomplish this? I'm okay with you using libraries, but make sure to mention which ones. I think this might be complex enough for multiple files. Thanks!

[Assistant]
AddressStamp.scad:
```
$line1 = "name";
$line2 = "street";
$line3 = "city,state";
$line4 = "zip code";
translate([30,-20,2]){
rotate([180,0,180]){
union(){
linear_extrude(height=2)translate([0,0,10])square([60,40]);
    translate([0,0,-1]){
linear_extrude(height=3){
translate([2,33])text($line1,halign="left",size=5);
translate([2,23])text($line2,halign="left",size=5);
translate([2,13])text($line3,halign="left",size=5);
translate([58,3])text($line4,halign="right",size=5);
}
}
}
}
}

```


[User]
Hey, I've got this nameplate thing I made, and I want to expand it to be a full customizable business card holder that can hold Lego figures too. Right now the nameplate is separate from the cardholder, but they're meant to fit together. I'm thinking the main thing I want is for the cardholder part to be customizable in the same way the nameplate part is right now. I'd like it to use the same font system, like with font size and text spacing.

Currently, my design is in one file that controls the nameplate. Here's the code:

```scad
/* [Text] */

//	the words you want shown
name = "Name/Title";

//	how large do you want the text?
font_size = 11;	//	[1:11]

/*[advanced options]*/
//no negative numbers, just don't touch unless you know you know what your doing.
text_spacing = 1;

//set higer if you want higer res, lower if you want lower res.
fn = 200;
//CUSTOMIZER VARIABLES END

translate([0,0,-.8]) {
	cube([95.9, 11.9, .8],center=true);
}
linear_extrude(.8){
	text(name, size=font_size, halign ="center", valign = "center", spacing=text_spacing,$fn=fn);
}
```

I'd like a new design that includes a holder for standard business cards and the ability to also mount it on Lego stuff and have the Lego mini figures stand on it. I need to be able to adjust the height, width, and depth of the card holder. I’d like the nameplate to be integrated into this design so it can be customized along with the card holder part. It should remain on the face of the card holder. All of the nameplate's current customizations should be retained as well. So that’s name, font size, text spacing, and resolution. The cardholder part should be parametric so the card slot dimensions can be adjusted, but it should also have a small lip or edge on the top face so you can easily slide cards in. Additionally the whole thing should have the pegs on the bottom to make it connect to legos.

I'm thinking it'd be good to keep the nameplate and holder all in one .scad file for now, unless it makes more sense to split them up. I'd rather not have to manually position them in my slicer.

[Assistant]
nameplate.scad:
```
/* [Text] */

//	the words you want shown
name = "Name/Title";

//	how large do you want the text?
font_size = 11;	//	[1:11]

/*[advanced options]*/
//no negative numbers, just don't touch unless you know you know what your doing.
text_spacing = 1;

//set higer if you want higer res, lower if you want lower res.
fn = 200;
//CUSTOMIZER VARIABLES END

translate([0,0,-.8]) {
	cube([95.9, 11.9, .8],center=true);
}
linear_extrude(.8){
	text(name, size=font_size, halign ="center", valign = "center", spacing=text_spacing,$fn=fn);
}
```


[User]
I'm working on an art project, and I'd like to create a parametric flower model in OpenSCAD, similar to the one I already made, but with a few changes and designed from the get-go to be 3D printable. My original design used petals as squares and leaves as kites, all layered around a central cylinder with Fibonacci-based counts.

Here's the gist of what I'm looking for:

**Core Structure:**
*   The design should be centered around a cylindrical base, which the petals and leaves attach to.
*   The petals will be square shapes, and the leaves will be a kite shape. I'm flexible here, but it should stay a simple polygon.
*   The number of petals and leaves at each layer should be based on Fibonacci numbers. I'll need to specify a "skip" value that can be configured for each.

**Petals:**
*   I need to define the number of petal layers.
*   The width and height of the square petal should be configurable.
*   I need to specify how many Fibonacci numbers to skip when calculating how many petals to place per layer.
*   The petals should start from the base and work outwards.
*   I would like to control the rotation angle and the Z-axis rotation at each layer.
*   I would like to control the radial position as well.

**Leaves:**
*   I need to define the number of leaf layers.
*   The height of the leaf should be configurable.
*   I need to be able to specify how many Fibonacci numbers to skip for the leaves.
*   The leaves should be angled outward and also should start from the base and work outwards.
*    I would like to control the rotation angle and the Z-axis rotation at each layer.
*    I would like to control the radial position as well.

**General Parametric Controls:**
*   Everything should be customizable through variables at the top of the file, similar to my existing file.
*   I would like to include comments for every line so that I know exactly what's going on.
*   I would like to have separate files for the flower base, the petals, and the leaves so I can tweak things separately, but they should be designed to fit together.
*   Please also use the `rotate_extrude()` for each section to give it a roundness when it's placed.

I'm not too picky on the exact colors, just something that's visually distinct when previewing, and easy to change. I think I can manage the different colors for the actual printing. I’m also fine with using just basic OpenSCAD, I don't need any external libraries.

Could you generate the necessary OpenSCAD files for this?

[Assistant]
Flower.scad:
```

/*
 * Fibonacci Flower Generation Program
 *
 * This flower is not meant for 3D printing. If you are familiar with OpenSCAD, you can uncomment out the commented commands and stop the leaf generation
 *
 * The flower is created with two simple shapes, a square for the petals and a kite for the leaves.
 * The flower also uses Fibonacci numbers to determine how many petals or leaves should be on each layer
 */

/* [Petals] */
// The number of layers of petals in the flower
petalMaxLayer = 4;
// The length of the side of the square petal
petalWidth = 10;
// The height of the square petal
petalHeight = 1;
// The amount of Fibonacci numbers to skip
petalFibSkip = 3;

/* [Leafs]*/
// The number of layers of leaves
leafMaxLayer = 3;
// The height of the leaves
leafHeight = 1;
// The amount of Fibonacci numbers to skip
leafFibSkip = 4;

/* [Hidden] */
// A value to be used in a for loop
petalLayer = 1;
// The coordinates of the kite that makes up the leaves
leafCords = [[0,0],[17,0],[5,7.5]];

// Fibonacci function
function fib(x) = x < 3 ? 1 : fib(x - 1) + fib(x - 2);

// Module for creating the petal to be used
module petal() {
    translate([-petalWidth/2,-petalWidth/2,0])cube([petalWidth,petalWidth,petalHeight]);
}

// Module for creating the leaf
module leaf(){
    linear_extrude(leafHeight) union(){
    polygon(points = leafCords);
        mirror([0,1,0]) polygon(points = leafCords);
    }
}

//difference(){
//union(){
//translate([0,0,-3])cylinder(r = 7.5, $fn = 100); // Create the center, used for 3D printing

// Create the petals
color([1,0.3,1]){ // Make them pink
for(petalLayer = [1:petalMaxLayer], j = [0:fib(petalLayer+petalFibSkip)]){

    rotate(j*360 / fib(petalLayer+petalFibSkip)) // Placement
    translate([petalWidth/4*petalLayer, 0, 0])
    rotate(a=-270/fib(petalLayer+1),v=[-0.25,1.5,2]) // Angle
    petal();

}
}
//translate([0,0,-9])cylinder(r = 25, h = 6, $fn = 100);} // Create the center

// Leaf
translate([0,0,-2]) // Move all down
color([0.2,0.5,0.2]){ // Set color to green
    for(leafLayer = [1:leafMaxLayer], j = [0:fib(leafLayer+leafFibSkip)]){

    rotate((j*360 / fib(leafLayer+leafFibSkip)+(180/fib(leafLayer+leafFibSkip)))) // Placement
    translate([(petalWidth/4*leafLayer)+2, 0, -leafHeight*leafLayer])
    rotate(a=-70/fib(leafLayer+leafFibSkip-1),v=[-0.25,1.5,2])
    leaf();
    }

}

```


[User]
Hey, I'm trying to design a 3D printable version of some origami "magic boxes" my daughter made. I've got a basic understanding of OpenSCAD, but I need some help creating a parametric design.

Basically, it's a series of boxes connected by hinges in a way that they can fold into different configurations. I need the design to be flexible enough that I can adjust the number of boxes, their size, and the hinge parameters.

I was hoping you could generate the OpenSCAD file for me. Here's a breakdown of what I need:

*   **Boxes:** The design needs to create rectangular boxes. I need to specify:
    *   `boxes`: An integer to control the total number of boxes (likely 2, 4, 8, or 16). This should affect the overall layout of the boxes, for example 2 is 2x1, 4 is 2x2, 8 is 4x2, and 16 is 4x4.
    *   `box_width`: The width of each box.
    *   `box_height`: The height of each box.
    *   `box_thickness`: The thickness of the walls of the box.

*   **Hinges:** The boxes need to be connected by hinges that allow them to fold. The hinges should be circular and have a convex and concave part so they slot together.  The design will need parameters for:
    *   `joint_radius`: The radius of the circle used for the hinge.
    *   `joint_width`: The overall width of the hinge, this also controls the size of the convex part of the hinge.

*   **Spacing:** I need to be able to control a small space between parts to avoid overlaps while printing:
    *   `spacing`: A variable to define this space.

I'd like to be able to control all of these parameters from the top of the file. Please generate an OpenSCAD file to accomplish this, and please make sure it does not depend on any other libraries.

[Assistant]
magic-boxes.scad:
```
boxes = 8; // [2,4,8,16]
box_width = 40;
box_height = 20;
box_thickness = 1;
joint_radius = 4;
joint_width = 15;
spacing = 0.5;

// A joint base without a convex or concave.
// Parameters:
//     radius - the radius  of the circle on the joint
//     width - the width of the joint
//     spacing - a small space between parts to avoid overlaping while printing.
module joint_base(radius, width, spacing) {
    $fn = 48;
	linear_extrude(width) union() {
		circle(radius);
		polygon(points = [
				[-radius * 3 / sqrt(13), radius * 2 / sqrt(13)],
				[radius + spacing, 3 * radius],
				[radius + spacing, 0],
				[radius, 0]
			]
		);
	}
}

// A convex for creating a joint
// Parameters:
//     radius - the radius  of the convex
//     spacing - a small space between parts to avoid overlaping while printing.
module convex(radius, spacing) {
    $fn = 48;
    inner_radius = radius - spacing * 1.414;

	linear_extrude(inner_radius * 0.75 + spacing , scale = 1 / 4)
	    circle(inner_radius);
}

// A joint with a convex.
// Parameters:
//     radius - the radius  of the circle on the joint
//     width - the width of the joint
//     spacing - a small space between parts to avoid overlaping while printing.
module joint_convex(radius, width, spacing) {
    joint_base(radius, width, spacing);
	translate([0, 0, width])
	    convex(radius - radius / 3, spacing);
    mirror([0, 0, 1])
	    convex(radius - radius / 3, spacing);
}

// A concave for creating a joint
// Parameters:
//     radius - the radius  of the concave
module concave(radius) {
    $fn = 48;
	linear_extrude(radius * 0.75 , scale = 1 / 4)
	    circle(radius);
}

// concave_convex demo
// Parameters:
//     radius - the radius  of the convex and the concave
//     spacing - a small space between parts to avoid overlaping while printing.
module concave_convex(radius, spacing) {
    $fn = 48;
	inner_radius = radius - spacing * 1.414;

	linear_extrude(radius * 0.75 , scale = 1 / 4)
	    circle(radius);

	translate([0, 0, -spacing])
	    linear_extrude(inner_radius * 0.75 + spacing , scale = 1 / 4)
    		circle(inner_radius);
}

// A joint with a concave.
// Parameters:
//     radius - the radius  of the circle on the joint
//     width - the width of the joint
//     spacing - a small space between parts to avoid overlaping while printing.
module joint_concave(radius, width, spacing) {
	difference() {
	    joint_base(radius, width, spacing);
	    concave(radius - radius / 3);
	}
}

// A joint between boxes.
// Parameters:
//     radius - the radius  of the circle on the joint
//     width - the total width of the joint
//     spacing - a small space between parts to avoid overlaping while printing.
module joint(radius, width, spacing) {
    width_convex = width / 2;
	width_concave = width / 4;

    rotate([-90, 0, 0]) translate([0, 0, -width_concave]) union() {
		joint_convex(radius, width_convex, spacing);

		mirror([1, 0, 0]) union() {
			translate([0, 0, width_convex + spacing])
			    joint_concave(radius, width_concave, spacing);

			translate([0, 0, -spacing]) mirror([0, 0, 1])
			    joint_concave(radius, width_concave, spacing);
		}
	}
}

// a box for a magic_box
// Parameters:
//     width - the width of the box.
//     height - the height of the box.
//     thickness - the thickness of the box.
module box(width, height, thickness) {
    difference() {
        cube([width, width, height]);
		translate([thickness, thickness, thickness])
		    cube([
			    width - 2 * thickness,
				width - 2 * thickness,
				height
			]);
	}
}

// 2x1 magic boxes.
// Parameters:
//     box_data - [box_width, box_height, box_thickness]
//     joint_data - [joint_radius, joint_width]
//     spacing - a small space between parts to avoid overlaping while printing.
module magic_box_2x1(box_data, joint_data, spacing) {
	box_width = box_data[0];
	box_height = box_data[1];
	box_thickness = box_data[2];
	joint_radius = joint_data[0];
	joint_width = joint_data[1];

	box(box_width, box_height, box_thickness);

	translate([box_width + joint_radius + spacing, box_width / 2, box_height])
	    joint(joint_radius, joint_width, spacing);

	translate([box_width + joint_radius * 2 + spacing * 2, 0, 0])
	    box(box_width, box_height, box_thickness);
}

// determine the dimension for magic boxes
// Parameters:
//     boxes - total boxes
function box_dim(boxes) =
    boxes == 2 ? [2, 1] : (
	    boxes == 4 ? [2, 2] : (
		    boxes == 8 ? [4, 2] : [4, 4]
		)
	);

// create magic_boxes.
// Parameters:
//     boxes - total boxes
//     box_data - [box_width, box_height, box_thickness]
//     joint_data - [joint_radius, joint_width]
//     spacing - a small space between parts to avoid overlaping while printing.
module magic_boxes(boxes, box_data, joint_data, spacing) {
    dim = box_dim(boxes);
    boxes_x = dim[0];
    boxes_y = dim[1];

    if((boxes_x + boxes_y) == 3) {
	    magic_box_2x1(
		    box_data,
			[joint_radius, joint_width],
			0.5
		);
	} else {
	    box_width = box_data[0];
	    box_height = box_data[1];
	    box_thickness = box_data[2];
	    // boxes
		for(x = [0 : boxes_x - 1]) {
			bj_step = (spacing + joint_radius) * 2 + box_width;

			for(y = [0 : boxes_y - 1]) {
				translate([x * bj_step, y * bj_step, 0])
					box(box_width, box_height, box_thickness);
			}
		}

		// x joints
		for(x = [1 : boxes_x - 1]) {
			for(y = [1 : boxes_y]) {
			    offset_x = x * (box_width + spacing + joint_radius) +
				          (joint_radius + spacing) * (x - 1);

				offset_y = joint_width / 2 + spacing +
				           (joint_radius * 2 + spacing * 2 + box_width) * (y - 1) +
						   (x == 1 ? box_width - joint_width - spacing * 2 : 0);

				translate([offset_x, offset_y, box_height])
					joint(joint_radius, joint_width, spacing);
			}
		}

		// y joints
		for(y = [0 : boxes_y - 2]) {
			for(x = [0 : boxes_x - 1]) {
			    offset_x = joint_width / 2 + spacing +
				           (box_width + joint_radius * 2 + spacing * 2) * x +
						   (y == 0 ? box_width - joint_width - spacing * 2 : 0);

				offset_y = box_width + spacing + joint_radius +
				           (spacing * 2 + joint_radius * 2 + box_width) * y;

				translate([offset_x, offset_y, box_height])
					rotate(90)
					    joint(joint_radius, joint_width, spacing);
			}
		}
	}
}

magic_boxes(
    boxes,
	[box_width, box_height, box_thickness],
	[joint_radius, joint_width],
	0.5
);

```


[User]
I need an OpenSCAD design for a customizable foot support, like a little pedestal, to raise furniture. It needs to fit around existing furniture feet and should be parametric so I can adjust it for different sizes.

Here's what I need:

*   **Foot Interface:** The support should have a cavity to accept the existing furniture foot. This cavity needs to be either cylindrical or square, based on a parameter.
*   **Support Shape:** The main body of the support can be either a cone or a straight cylinder (like a socle), controlled by a parameter. If a cone, the top diameter should be the size of the existing foot + a thickness, and the bottom should be wider (by a value provided by socle).
*   **Bottom Base:** The bottom should have a flat base, I call it a socle, to provide stability.
*   **Height:** I need to specify the elevation (how much the furniture will be raised from the base) and the penetration depth (how far the existing foot will go into the new support).
*   **Penetration depth:** The penetration depth should be calculated as a ratio of the elevation, or, should be directly specified by another paramater in order to discard the ratio.
*  **Screw Option**: It would be nice if there is a screw hole that can be optionally disabled. This would be for maintaining the foot in the support but this will be tested.
*   **Parameters:** I need to be able to set these parameters:

    *   `precision` - for controlling the smoothness of circles.
    *   `upper` - the height the furniture will be raised.
    *   `feet_diameter` - the diameter of the existing foot.
    *   `feet_ground_diameter` - the diameter of the part of the existing foot that is on the ground, if not a perfect cylinder.
    *   `square_feet` - a boolean to specify if the existing foot is square or round.
    *   `feet_thickness` - the thickness of the material surrounding the existing foot inside the support.
    *   `screw_size` - the size of the screw hole. 0 to disable.
    *   `type` - to select "cone" or "socle" for the support body.
    *   `height_ratio` - a ratio to calculate the penetration depth.
     *   `socle` - Size of the socle at the bottom.
    *   `join_size` - a manual depth, in case the ratio is not suitable.

I'd like to use the `MCAD` library for the screw if it's implemented.

[Assistant]
support_pied.scad:
```
use <MCAD/screw.scad>;

precision = 10; // higher is more precise

upper = 10; // Elevation of foot from the socle

feet_diameter = 26; // diameter of the feet at the higher penetration point
feet_ground_diameter = 26; // diameter of the feet on the ground (if the feet is a cylinder, it should be equal to "feet_diameter". Either case, it should be equal or less than value of feet_diameter
square_feet = false;
feet_thickness = 5; // the thickness of support around the existing feet
screw_size = 0; //0 = disable (in case you'll need to add a screw to maintain the foot, not tested)
type = "cone"; // or "socle". Cone is more stable but it is also possible to build a socle
height_ratio = 3; // higher is more stable. This ration indicate the part of the foot which enter in the support depending on its elevation. For example a heigh_ration of 1 means that the part of the current feet entering in the support is equal to the elevation (minus the socle size)

socle = 5; // size of the socle below the support
join_size= upper*height_ratio; // in case you wanna discard the ratio and input your own size.
builder(upper, feet_diameter, feet_ground_diameter, square_feet, feet_thickness, screw_size, type, height_ratio, socle, join_size);

module builder(upper, feet_diameter, feet_ground_diameter, square_feet, feet_thickness, screw_size, type, height_ratio, socle, join_size)
{
union() {
difference(){
    if (type == "cone")
        cylinder(h=join_size+upper, r2=(feet_diameter+feet_thickness)/2, r1=(feet_diameter+feet_thickness+socle)/2, $fn=precision*(feet_diameter+feet_thickness)/2);
    if (type == "socle")
        cylinder(h=join_size+upper, r=(feet_diameter+feet_thickness)/2,$fn=precision*(feet_diameter+feet_thickness));
    if (feet_ground_diameter != feet_diameter)
        translate([0,0,upper+feet_thickness])
            cylinder(h=join_size-feet_thickness, r1=feet_ground_diameter/2,r2=feet_diameter/2,$fn=precision*feet_diameter/2);
    else
        if (square_feet)
            translate([0,0,upper+feet_thickness])
            cube([feet_diameter,feet_diameter,(join_size-feet_thickness)*2], center = true);
        else
            translate([0,0,upper+feet_thickness])
            cylinder(h=join_size-feet_thickness, r=feet_diameter/2,$fn=precision*feet_diameter/2);

    translate([0,feet_diameter+feet_thickness*3,upper+feet_thickness+join_size/2])
        rotate([90,0,0])
            auger(pitch=4, length=feet_thickness*4, outside_radius=screw_size, inner_radius=screw_size-1);
    }
    translate([0,0,-feet_thickness])
        cylinder(h=feet_thickness, r=(feet_diameter+feet_thickness+socle)/2, $fn=precision*(feet_diameter+feet_thickness+socle)/2);
}
}
```


[User]
I need help designing a customizable card holder for business cards or similar small, flat items. I'm envisioning a rectangular box with a stepped interior, where each step is progressively lower towards the front. The whole thing needs to be parametric, so I can easily adjust the size.

Here's what I want to be able to control:

*   **Card Width:** The width of the card that will fit in the holder.
*   **Side Wall Width:** The thickness of the walls on the sides of the holder.
*   **Depth:** The height of the holder.
*   **Front Wall Width:** The thickness of the front wall.
*   **Rear Wall Width:** The thickness of the back wall.
*   **Resolution:** How detailed/smooth curves and text will look, something like `$fn`.
*   **Text:** A string of text that should appear on the front or top of the holder, and be able to set things like font size.
*   **Text Spacing:** The amount of space between the letters of the text.

I would like the card holder to have a series of small circular dots as a repeating pattern on the bottom, sides, front, and back.

The main body of the card holder should be a cube with material removed in a stair-step pattern. Then there should be a separate cut out for where the card will be. And then another cut out to reduce the material on the bottom. I want the text to be a separate operation after everything else.

I'm aiming for a clean, functional design that can be easily modified for different card sizes. I'm not using any libraries but if one helps feel free to use it! Can you create an OpenSCAD file for me with these parameters and features? I'd prefer one .scad file for the whole project.

[Assistant]
Card_holder.scad:
```
/*[the holder]*/
//1 unit = 8mm
card_width = 12;//[1:25]
//each wall will be this wide
side_wall_width=2;//[1:10]
//how deep/tall do you want it?
depth=6;//[1:10]
/*[the holder adcanced options]*/
front_wall_width=1;//[1:10]
rear_wall_width=1;//[1:20]
//set higer if you want higer res, lower if you want lower res, applies to text too.
fn = 20;
/* [Text] */

//	the words you want shown
name = "Name/Title";

//	how large do you want the text?
font_size = 11;	//	[1:11]

/*[advanced options for text]*/
//no negative numbers, just don't touch unless you know you know what your doing.
text_spacing = 1;
//CUSTOMIZER VARIABLES END

//reminder for me, 1 width needs to = 8mm
height = depth+3;
x_width = card_width+side_wall_width*2;
y_width = depth+front_wall_width+rear_wall_width;

module cut_stair_steps(){
	translate([x_width*-4.5,(y_width)*-4-.1,(2)*9.6]){
			cube([x_width*9,front_wall_width*8+.1,height*9.6]);
		}
	for(counter=[0:depth-1])
	{
		translate([x_width*-4.5,(y_width-2*(counter+front_wall_width))*-4-.1,(counter+3)*9.6]){
			cube([x_width*9,1*8+.1,height*9.6]);
		}
	}
}

module cut_center(){
	translate([card_width*-4,depth*-4-.01-(front_wall_width-rear_wall_width)*-4,9.9]){
		cube([card_width*8,depth*8+.01,height*9.6]);
	}
}
module cut_the_bottom(){
	difference(){
		translate([0,0,2-.1]){
			cube([x_width*8-3.2,y_width*8-3.2,4.1],center=true);
		}
		for(x_val =[0:x_width-2]){
			for(y_val =[0:y_width-2]){
				translate([(.5*x_width-x_val)*8-8,(.5*y_width-y_val)*8-8,-1]){
					difference(){
						linear_extrude(6){
							circle(6.8/2,$fn=fn);
						}
						linear_extrude(6){
							circle(4.8/2,$fn=fn);
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}
}
module add_the_dots(){
	toggle = 4;

	module add_dot(xCord = 0, yCord = 0, zCord = 9.6){
		translate([xCord,yCord,zCord]){
			linear_extrude(1.6){
							circle(4.75/2,$fn=fn);
						}
		}
	}
	module add_to_bottom(){
		for(x_val =[0:x_width-2]){
			for(y_val =[0:y_width-2]){
				add_dot(xCord = (.5*x_width-x_val)*8-4,yCord = (.5*y_width-y_val)*8-toggle);
			}
		}
	}

	module add_to_sides(leftOright = 1){
		for(x_val = [0:side_wall_width-1]){
			for(y_val = [0:depth]){
				add_dot(xCord = ((.5*x_width-x_val)*8-4)*leftOright, yCord = (-.5*y_width+y_val)*8+4, zCord = (y_val+2)*9.6);
			}
		}
	}

	module add_to_front_wall(){
		for(x_val = [0:x_width-1]){
			for(y_val = [0:front_wall_width-1]){
				add_dot(xCord = (.5*x_width-x_val)*8-4, yCord = (-.5*y_width+y_val)*8+4, zCord = 2*9.6);
			}
		}
	}

	module add_to_back_wall(){
		for(x_val = [0:x_width-1]){
			for(y_val = [0:front_wall_width-1]){
				add_dot(xCord = (.5*x_width-x_val)*8-4, yCord = (.5*y_width-y_val)*8-toggle, zCord = height*9.6);
			}
		}
	}
	add_to_bottom();
	add_to_sides();
	add_to_sides(leftOright = -1);
	add_to_front_wall();
	add_to_back_wall();
}
difference(){
	union(){
		difference(){
			translate([x_width*-4,y_width*-4,0]){
				cube([x_width*8,y_width*8,height*9.6]);
			}
			cut_stair_steps();
			cut_center();
			cut_the_bottom();
		}
		add_the_dots();
	}

	//the text stuff at the end
	translate([0,-y_width*4+.8,9.6/2]){
		rotate([90,0,0]){
			linear_extrude(1){
				text(name, size=font_size, halign ="center", valign = "boardline", spacing=text_spacing,$fn=fn);
			}
		}
	}
}
```