[User]
Hey, I'd like to design a customizable pluggable container using OpenSCAD. I need a design that lets me specify the number of sides for the container, the overall length (which acts as the diameter since it's based on a circle), the total height, fillet radius, wall thickness, lid height, lid overlap, and a small clearance value between the lid and body.

Specifically, the design should:

*   **Use a circle primitive:** The base shape for the container should be a circle which is then extruded to give the container its height. The 'numSides' parameter determines the number of sides approximating the circle, so I can make it more of a polygon if I want.
*   **Be Symmetrical:** The lid and the base need to be symmetrical and fit together smoothly, with the specified overlap and clearance.
*   **Have Rounded Edges:** I need the ability to control the roundness of the edges with the 'filletRad' parameter.
*   **Be Parametric:** All the dimensions I mentioned, plus a rendering resolution parameter `$fn` should be customizable.
*   **Support Lid Overlap:** The lid should have a part that goes inside the base, specified by `lidOve`.
*   **Support Clearance:** There should be a small clearance between the lid and base, set by `clearence`, to ensure a good fit, especially for less precise printers.
*   **Be a Single SCAD File:** I'd like everything contained within a single .scad file.
*   **Use a Minkowski Sum:** I noticed in the example a Minkowski sum is used to create the rounded edges. Please make sure to use it.
*   **Use Linear Extrude:** The example uses linear extrude on a 2D shape with very small thickness before a minkowski sum is used. Please make sure this is the same in the new implementation.

The parameters are:

*   `$fn`: controls the rendering quality
*   `numSides`: number of sides for the container
*   `totalLen`: the diameter of the container
*   `totalHei`: the total height of the container
*   `filletRad`: radius of the fillets and outer roundings
*   `wallThic`: the wall thickness
*   `lidHei`: height of the lid
*   `lidOve`: the height of the overlapping part in the lid
*  `clearence`: a small amount to make the lid bigger than the body to improve fit.

Also, please make sure that there are checks in the code to make sure `lidHei` is less than `totalHei`, and that `lidOve` is less than `lidHei`. Could you also add some `echo` statements that output the parameter values used to the console?

I don't need any external libraries. Thanks!

[Assistant]
SymmetricalPluggableContainerCustomized.scad:
```

// -> increase the number for smoother edges (increases rendering time!)
$fn=25; // [12:200]
// -> the number of sides of the container
numSides=6; // [3:150]
// -> the length/diameter of the container
totalLen=100;
// -> the total height of the container
totalHei=100.0;
// -> the radius of fillets and outer roundings
filletRad=6.0;
// -> wall thickness
wallThic=1.6;
// -> the height of the lid
lidHei=25.0;
// -> the height of the overlapping part in the lid
lidOve=10.0;
// -> small amount that makes lid bigger than body in order to get a better fit between them on not so exact printers.
clearence=0.08; // [0.0:0.01:0.3]

/* [Hidden] */
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// used for a very very very thin wall that will be extruded.
minThic=0.05;
// size that is used for the object that cuts the containers in a plane
cutSize=max(totalLen,totalHei);

assert(lidHei<totalHei, "ERROR: lid cannot be taller than rest of body!");

assert(lidOve<lidHei, "ERROR: lid overlap cannot be greater than lid itself!");

    echo("-> main():");
    echo("    totalLen:  ", totalLen);
    echo("    totalHei:  ", totalHei);
    echo("    numSides:  ", numSides);
    echo("    filletRad: ", filletRad);
    echo("    wallThic:  ", wallThic);
    echo("    lidHei:    ", lidHei);
    echo("    lidOve:    ", lidOve);
    echo("    clearence: ", clearence);
    echo("    minThic:   ", minThic);
    echo("    cutSize:   ", cutSize);

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// main
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

pluggableContainer()
    circle(d=totalLen, $fn=numSides);

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// modules
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

module pluggableContainer()
{
makeBody(totalHei, filletRad, wallThic, lidHei, lidOve)
    children(0);

translate([0,-totalLen,0])
    makeLid(totalHei, filletRad, wallThic, lidHei, lidOve)
        children(0);
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
module makeBody(height, fillet, wall, lid, overlap)
{
    union()
    {
        cutTop(height-lid)
            makeOuterBody(fillet, wall)
                children(0);

        // inner body
        cutTop(height-lid+overlap)
            makeInnerBody(fillet, wall)
                children(0);
    }
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
module makeLid(height, fillet, wall, lid, overlap)
{
    union()
    {
        cutTop(lid)
            makeOuterBody(fillet, wall)
                offset(clearence)
                    children(0);

        // inner body
        cutTop(lid-overlap)
            makeInnerBody(fillet, wall)
                offset(clearence)
                children(0);
    }
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
module makeOuterBody(fillet, wall)
{
    difference()
    {
        roundedBox(fillet)
            children(0);

        translate([0,0,wall/2])
            roundedBox(fillet)
                offset(-wall/2)
                    children(0);
    }
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
module makeInnerBody(fillet, wall)
{
    translate([0,0,wall/2])
    difference()
    {
        roundedBox(fillet)
            offset(-wall/2)
                children(0);

        translate([0,0,wall/2])
            roundedBox(fillet)
                offset(-wall)
                    children(0);
    }
}
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
module roundedBox(filletRadius)
{
    hull()
    {
        translate([0,0,totalHei-filletRad])
            makeTop(filletRadius)
                offset(-filletRad)
                    children(0);

        translate([0,0,filletRad])
            makeBottom(filletRadius)
                offset(-filletRad)
                    children(0);
    }
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
module makeTop(filletRadius)
{
    cutBottom(0)
        makeFillet(filletRadius)
            children(0);
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
module makeBottom(filletRadius)
{
    cutTop(0)
        makeFillet(filletRadius)
            children(0);
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
module makeFillet(filletRadius)
{
    minkowski()
    {
    sphere(r=filletRadius);
    translate([0,0,-minThic/2])
    linear_extrude(minThic, convexity=8)
        children(0);
    }
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// cuts the top of a children away.
module cutTop(height2Cut)
{
    difference()
    {
        children(0);
        translate([0, 0, height2Cut+cutSize])
            cube(2*cutSize, center=true);
    }
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// cuts the bottom of a children away.
module cutBottom(height2Cut)
{
    difference()
    {
        children(0);
        translate([0, 0, height2Cut-cutSize])
            cube(2*cutSize, center=true);
    }
}
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// rounds a 3d object with an given radius
module roundObject(radius)
{
    minkowski()
    {
        sphere(radius);
        children(0);
    }
}

```


[User]
I need to create a parametric OpenSCAD design for a lithophane display box with a separate face frame that holds the lithophane in place. I want this to be customizable, allowing for different sizes and features. The design needs to include the following:

**General Structure:**

*   A box to house the lithophane and provide space for lighting.
*   A separate face frame that fits snugly over the box, holding the lithophane in place.

**Customization Options (User-Defined Variables):**

I need to be able to adjust these dimensions:

*   `generate_box`: A boolean flag to enable/disable the creation of the box.
*   `generate_face_frame`: A boolean flag to enable/disable the face frame.
*   `generate_lip`: A boolean flag to enable/disable the lip inside the box that supports the lithophane.
*   `cord_access_hole`: A boolean flag to enable/disable a hole for a power cord in the back of the box.
*   `cord_strain_relief`: A boolean flag to enable/disable a bar with holes inside the box near the cord hole for strain relief.
*   `face_frame_inner_bevel`: A boolean flag to enable/disable a bevel on the inner edge of the face frame.
*   `top_slot`: A boolean flag to enable/disable a slot in the box and frame to allow easy changing of the lithophane.
*   `inside_width`: The width of the interior of the box.
*   `inside_length`: The length of the interior of the box.
*   `inside_height`: The depth of the interior of the box.
*   `wall_thickness`: The thickness of the walls of the box.
*   `radius`: The fillet radius for the rounded edges of the box; this must be less than or equal to `wall_thickness`.
*   `lithophane_border`: The width of the border on the lithophane (if any), used to determine the lip width.
*  `lithophane_thickness`: The thickness of the lithophane with any border, important for creating an adequate lip.
*   `box_lip_angle`: The angle of the lip inside the box (needs to be at least 50 degrees for printing without supports).
*   `box_lip_depth`: How far down the lip extends in the box.
*   `cord_hole_diameter`: The diameter of the cord access hole.
*   `cord_hole_position`: String, "left", "right", or "center", which determines the position of the cord hole.
*  `strain_relief_length`: The length of the strain relief cube within the light box.
*   `face_frame_thickness`: The total thickness of the face frame.
*   `face_frame_pocket_depth`: The depth of the inset on the bottom of the face frame that fits over the box.
*   `face_frame_inner_bevel_angle`:  The angle of the bevel on the inner edge of the face frame (needs to be at least 50 degrees).
*   `face_frame_overhang`: The amount of the face frame that extends outside the box, which also determines the tilt of the box when placed on a surface.
*   `face_frame_tolerance`: Additional tolerance to ensure the face frame fits over the box, I recommend this to be at least .2mm but can be more to make a looser fit.

**Functionality and Considerations:**

*   The lip should extend down into the box by `box_lip_depth` and at an angle of `box_lip_angle` which are both user defined.
*   The `face_frame_overhang` should determine how far the frame extends past the box edges and will also give the design a slight upturn when placed on a flat surface for easier viewing.
*   The face frame should fit snugly over the box with the tolerance defined by `face_frame_tolerance`.
*   The cord access hole should allow a standard power cord to pass through and be at the position specified by `cord_hole_position`.
* The strain relief should be an internal cube with holes for zip ties to secure the cord.
*  The bevel on the face frame is purely aesthetic but if selected should have an angle of at least 50 degrees for 3d printing.
*  The fillet radius should be applied to the box edges; this should be less than or equal to the wall thickness.

**Libraries:**

I need to use the `MCAD/regular_shapes.scad` library for the `square_pyramid` module, I'd like to avoid using any other libraries.

I think that covers everything. I'm looking for a flexible and customizable design. Could you generate the OpenSCAD files for this?

[Assistant]
lithphane_viewer.scad:
```
//Ron Shenk 2020
//Revision 1
//Added variables to allow generating each element seperate or together
use <MCAD/regular_shapes.scad>

// User defined variables
//  All dimensions are in mm
generate_box = true;            // true generates box false skips generating the box
generate_face_frame = true;     // true generates lid, false skips generating the lid
generate_lip = true;            // create inside lip to rest lithophane on
cord_access_hole = true;        // create hole for cord in back of box
cord_strain_relief = true;      // create bar with holes to wire tie cords inside of box near hole
face_frame_inner_bevel= true;   // put bevel on inner face frame
top_slot = false;                // create slot in box and frame to allow changing of lithophane

inside_width = 101;             // this should be the width of your lithophane plus some tolerance I add 1mm
inside_length = 151;            // this should be the length of your lithophane plus some tolerance I add 1mm
inside_height = 50;             // Depth of box inside (excluding wall thickness)
wall_thickness = 3;             //Wall thickness
radius = 2;              		//Fillet radius in milimeters. Cannot be larger than wall thickness
lithophane_border = 7;          //if no border you need at least 2mm of overhange to support lithophane.  Used to compute the width of lip in lightbox
lithophane_thickness = 7;       //Thickness of widest part of lithophane if using a border it will be the border thickness
box_lip_angle = 60;             //When 3d printing angles of at least 50 degrees are necessary to print without support
box_lip_depth =8;               //How far down in the box is the lip to support lithophane.  Can be different than thickness of lithophane
cord_hole_diameter = 5;         //Diameter of hole for electrical cord
cord_hole_position = "right";   //Valid values "left" "right" "center"
strain_relief_length = 20;      //length of strain relief cube

// Face frame parameters
face_frame_thickness = 8;       //Total thickness of face frame
face_frame_pocket_depth = 5;    //Inset in bottom of face frame that goes over lightbox
face_frame_inner_bevel_angle = 60; //If you want a bevel on the inner side of face frame to make it more decorative.  Angle greater than 50 for 3d printing
face_frame_overhang = 5;        //The amount of face frame that will be outside of the light box.  Also determines the angle the box will sit on a surface
face_frame_tolerance = .3;      //Additional tolerance to make sure the face frame will fit over the light box after 3d printing. .2 or greater recommended

// Computation of variables used in box creation do not modify values below this line
//------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
box_lip_width = lithophane_border+1;
outside_width = inside_width + (wall_thickness * 2);
outside_length = inside_length + (wall_thickness * 2);
outside_height = inside_height + wall_thickness ;
lid_startpos = ((outside_width*-1)-2)-(face_frame_overhang*2);
face_frame_outer_length = outside_length+(face_frame_overhang*2);
face_frame_outer_width = outside_width+(face_frame_overhang*2);
face_frame_inner_length = face_frame_outer_length - ((face_frame_overhang+wall_thickness+lithophane_border) * 2);
face_frame_inner_width = face_frame_outer_width - ((face_frame_overhang+wall_thickness+lithophane_border) * 2);
face_frame_width = lithophane_border+wall_thickness+face_frame_overhang;
face_frame_bevel_angle = 60;

//Compute Triangle values for support lip
lip_side_c = box_lip_width/sin(90-box_lip_angle);
lip_side_b = sqrt((lip_side_c*lip_side_c)-(box_lip_width*box_lip_width));

//Compute face frame bevel triangle
face_side_a = face_frame_inner_width/2;
face_side_c = face_side_a/sin(90-face_frame_inner_bevel_angle);
face_side_b = sqrt((face_side_c*face_side_c)-(face_side_a*face_side_a));

bevel_side_b =(face_side_b + (face_frame_thickness-face_frame_pocket_depth));
bevel_side_c = bevel_side_b/sin(face_frame_inner_bevel_angle);
bevel_side_a = sqrt((bevel_side_c*bevel_side_c)-(bevel_side_b*bevel_side_b));

//Debug Code to check triangle calculations
//echo (face_side_a);
//echo (face_side_b);
//echo (face_side_c);
//echo (sin(90-face_frame_inner_bevel_angle));
//echo (bevel_side_a);
//echo (bevel_side_b);
//echo (bevel_side_c);

module prism(l, w, h)
{
    polyhedron(
        points=[[0,0,0], [l,0,0], [l,w,0], [0,w,0], [0,w,h], [l,w,h]],
        faces=[[0,1,2,3],[5,4,3,2],[0,4,5,1],[0,3,4],[5,2,1]]
    );

}

module rounded_box(x,y,z,r){
    translate([r,r,r])
    minkowski(){
        cube([x-r*2,y-r*2,z-r*2]);
        sphere(r=r, $fs=0.1);
    }
}

module main_box()
{

    difference()
    {
        union()
        {
            //cube([outside_width, outside_length, outside_height]);
            difference()
            {
                if (radius<=wall_thickness)
                {
                    rounded_box(outside_width, outside_length, outside_height+radius, radius);
                }
                else
                {
                   rounded_box(outside_width, outside_length, outside_height+wall_thickness, wall_thickness);
                }
                translate([0,0,inside_height + wall_thickness])
                cube([outside_width, outside_length, outside_height]);
                translate([wall_thickness, wall_thickness, wall_thickness])
                cube([inside_width, inside_length, inside_height + wall_thickness]);

            }

            if (generate_lip)
            {
                translate([wall_thickness,outside_length-wall_thickness-box_lip_width,outside_height-box_lip_depth])
                prism(outside_width-(wall_thickness*2),box_lip_width,lip_side_b*-1);

                translate([wall_thickness,wall_thickness+box_lip_width,outside_height-box_lip_depth])
                prism((outside_width-(wall_thickness*2)),box_lip_width*-1,lip_side_b*-1);

                translate([wall_thickness+8,wall_thickness,outside_height-box_lip_depth])
                rotate([0,0,90])
                prism((outside_length-(wall_thickness*2)),box_lip_width,lip_side_b*-1);

                translate([outside_width-wall_thickness-box_lip_width,wall_thickness,outside_height-box_lip_depth])
                rotate([0,0,90])
                prism((outside_length-(wall_thickness*2)),box_lip_width*-1,lip_side_b*-1);

            }
        }

        translate([(wall_thickness+box_lip_width)-1,(wall_thickness+box_lip_width)-1,(inside_height-box_lip_depth)-3])
        cube([(inside_width-(box_lip_width*2)+2),inside_length-(box_lip_width*2)+2,10]);
        if (top_slot)
        {
            translate([0,wall_thickness,((inside_height+wall_thickness)- box_lip_depth)])
            cube([wall_thickness,inside_length,box_lip_depth]);
        }
        if (cord_access_hole)
        {
            if (cord_hole_position == "right")
            {
                translate([(wall_thickness+inside_width)-(cord_hole_diameter/2)-4,wall_thickness+(inside_length-cord_hole_diameter-strain_relief_length-5),-1])
                cylinder(h=(wall_thickness+2), r=(cord_hole_diameter/2), center=false,$fn=50);
            }
            if (cord_hole_position == "left")
            {
                translate([(wall_thickness+inside_width)-(cord_hole_diameter/2)-4,wall_thickness+strain_relief_length+cord_hole_diameter+5,-1])
                cylinder(h=(wall_thickness+2), r=(cord_hole_diameter/2), center=false,$fn=50);
            }
            if (cord_hole_position == "center")
            {
                translate([(wall_thickness+inside_width)-(cord_hole_diameter/2)-4,wall_thickness+(inside_length/2),-1])
                cylinder(h=(wall_thickness+2), r=(cord_hole_diameter/2), center=false,$fn=50);
            }
        }

    }
    if (cord_strain_relief)
    {

        if (cord_hole_position == "right")
        {
            difference()
            {
                translate([(wall_thickness+inside_width)-cord_hole_diameter-8,wall_thickness+(inside_length-strain_relief_length-7),0])
                cube([4,strain_relief_length,12]);
                translate([(wall_thickness+inside_width)-(cord_hole_diameter)-(strain_relief_length/2)+2,wall_thickness+(inside_length-(strain_relief_length/2))-cord_hole_diameter-2,wall_thickness+4])
                rotate([0,90,0])
                cylinder (h=6,r=2,center=true,$fn=30);
            }
        }
        if (cord_hole_position == "left")
        {
            difference()
            {
                translate([(wall_thickness+inside_width)-cord_hole_diameter-8,wall_thickness+5,-1])
                cube([4,strain_relief_length,12]);
                translate([(wall_thickness+inside_width)-(cord_hole_diameter)-8+2,wall_thickness+5+(strain_relief_length/2),wall_thickness+4])
                rotate([0,90,0]) cylinder(h=6,r=2,center=true,$fn=30);
            }
        }
        if (cord_hole_position == "center")
        {
            difference()
            {
                translate([(wall_thickness+inside_width)-(cord_hole_diameter)-8,wall_thickness+(inside_length/2)+cord_hole_diameter,-1])
                cube([4,strain_relief_length,12]);
                translate([(wall_thickness+inside_width)-(cord_hole_diameter)-(strain_relief_length/2)+2,wall_thickness+(inside_length/2)+cord_hole_diameter+(strain_relief_length/2),wall_thickness+4])
                rotate([0,90,0]) cylinder(h=6,r=2,center=true,$fn=30);
            }
        }

     }

}

module Face_Frame(){
    rotate([180,0,0])
    difference()
    {
        //Face Frame
        cube([face_frame_outer_width,face_frame_outer_length,face_frame_thickness]);

        translate([face_frame_width,face_frame_width,0])
        cube([face_frame_inner_width, face_frame_inner_length, face_frame_thickness+3]);

        translate([face_frame_overhang-face_frame_tolerance,face_frame_overhang-face_frame_tolerance,-1])
        cube([outside_width+(face_frame_tolerance*2),outside_length+(face_frame_tolerance*2),face_frame_pocket_depth+1]);

        //Face Frame bevel by subtracting two square pyramids
        if (face_frame_inner_bevel)
        {
            translate([(face_frame_inner_width/2)+face_frame_width,(face_frame_inner_width/2)+face_frame_width,face_frame_thickness])
            square_pyramid(bevel_side_a *2,bevel_side_a *2, bevel_side_b * -1);

            translate([(face_frame_inner_width/2)+face_frame_width,(face_frame_inner_length/2)+face_frame_width+25.5,face_frame_thickness])
            square_pyramid(bevel_side_a *2,bevel_side_a *2, bevel_side_b * -1);
        }
        if (top_slot)
        {
            translate([0,face_frame_overhang+wall_thickness,-1])
            cube([face_frame_overhang+1,outside_length-(wall_thickness*2),face_frame_pocket_depth+1]);
        }
    }

}

if (generate_face_frame)
{

    translate([lid_startpos,0,0])
    Face_Frame();

}
if (generate_box)
{
    main_box();

}

```


[User]
I'm looking to create a customizable template for drawing graph axes, similar to a stencil. I want to be able to easily adjust the length of each arm, the width of the arms themselves, and the width of the pencil track. I'd also like to be able to control the angle and height of the tapered sides of the pencil track, as well as the radius of the rounded corners, both in the center and at the ends. It would be great to have all these parameters adjustable in OpenSCAD.

Specifically, I need:

*   **Track Lengths:** An array of four lengths, one for each arm/axis of the graph, in millimeters. These should be configurable by the user.
*   **Overall Height:** A parameter for the overall height of the template, in millimeters.
*   **Arm Width:** The horizontal width of each arm, in millimeters.
*   **Pencil Track Width:**  The minimum width of the pencil track, in millimeters.
*   **Pencil Track Angle:** The angle of the tapered sides of the pencil track, in degrees.
*   **Pencil Track Height:**  The height of the non-tapered part of the pencil track, in millimeters.
*   **Inner Rounding:** The radius of the rounded corners in the center where the arms meet, in millimeters.
*   **Outer Rounding:** The radius of the rounded corners at the ends of each arm, in millimeters.
*   **Facets:** A parameter for the number of facets used to draw the curves in the design.

I would like the main body of the template to be created using a `linear_extrude` on a 2D shape. The pencil tracks themselves should be made using a combination of `linear_extrude` and `rotate_extrude` operations to make the rounded ends. The center should be cut out using a `difference` so that the positive shape is left behind.

I'd like to keep it simple, so I think standard OpenSCAD functionality will be sufficient. I'm not looking for any complex library usage at the moment.

[Assistant]
graph_template.scad:
```
// Lengths of each pencil track (mm).
track_lengths = [38.1, 38.1, 38.1, 38.1]; // [0:250]

// Height of the tool (mm).
height = 4; // [1:15]

// Horizontal width of the "arms" (mm).
arm_width = 16; // [5:30]

// Minimum width of pencil track (mm).
pencil_track_width = 1; // [0.5:5]

/* [Advanced] */

// Angle of the tapered sides of the pencil track (degrees). Set to 0 for no taper, etc.
pencil_track_angle = 45; // [0:60]

// Height of non-tapered part of pencil track (mm).
pencil_track_height = 1; // [0:5]

// Radius of smooth corners in the center (mm).
inner_rounding = 5; // [0:10]

// Radius of smooth corners at the ends (mm).
outer_rounding = 5; // [1:10]

// Number of facets. Increase for smoother curves.
$fn = 36;

// redefinitions
arms = track_lengths;
width = arm_width;
p_width = pencil_track_width;
p_angle = pencil_track_angle;
p_height = pencil_track_height;
inner_round = inner_rounding;
outer_round = outer_rounding;

// half of width of top of the pencil track
p_top = p_width/2 + (height - p_height) * tan(p_angle);

difference() {
    // arms
    linear_extrude(height)
        offset(-inner_round)
        offset(delta=inner_round)
        for (n = [0:1])
        rotate([0, 0, n*90])
        translate([-arms[n + 2] + outer_round - width/2,
            -width/2 + outer_round])
        minkowski() {
            square([arms[n] + arms[n + 2] + width - outer_round*2,
                width - outer_round*2]);
            circle(outer_round);
        }

    for (n = [0:3]) {
        // pencil track
        rotate([90, 0, (n - 3)*90])
            linear_extrude(arms[n])
            polygon([
                [-p_width/2, -0.001],
                [p_width/2, -0.001],
                [p_width/2, p_height],
                [p_top, height+0.001],
                [-p_top, height+0.001],
                [-p_width/2, p_height],
            ]);

        // round end of pencil track
        rotate([0, 0, n*90])
            translate([arms[n], 0, 0])
            rotate_extrude()
            polygon([
                [0, -0.001],
                [p_width/2, -0.001],
                [p_width/2, p_height],
                [p_top, height+0.001],
                [0, height+0.001],
                [0, p_height],
            ]);
    }
}

```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to create a customizable ball bearing in OpenSCAD, and I'd like to make it really flexible with various parameters. I have a basic understanding of the code, but I need some help generating it. Here's what I have in mind:

**Core Functionality:**

*   **Parametric Bearing:** The design should allow for adjustment of several key dimensions:
    *   External diameter
    *   Internal diameter
    *   Ball diameter
    *   Overall height of the bearing
*   **Ball Loading:** I'd like an option to include a hole (and optional lid) for inserting the balls. This hole should be configurable to be either on the inner or outer side of the bearing.
*   **Multi-Row/Column:** I need the bearing to be able to handle multiple rows and columns of balls. I need to be able to adjust the number of rows (max 2) and columns.
*   **Printer Settings:** The design needs to account for printer tolerances, layer height, and wall thickness, and give the user a way to configure these to ensure the parts fit well after printing.
*   **Rounding (Optional):**  A debug option to round the borders of the bearing for material-saving and easier prototyping is also needed. This rounding should be adjustable with a factor.
*   **Resolution:** I'd like to control the `$fn` variable for smooth curves. I'd also want it to check if the provided dimensions for height and diameters are consistent with the provided settings like number of columns/rows.

**Specific Requirements:**

*   The code should use standard OpenSCAD primitives (`cylinder`, `difference`, `union`, `translate`, `rotate`, `intersection`, `rotate_extrude`).
*   It should define the bearing components in separate modules: `ring`, `toroid`, `ball_hole`, `ball_door`, `solid_ring_with_hole`, `simple_bearing`, `multy_row_bearing`, and `multy_col_bearing`.
*   Error handling should be included using `assert` and a `fail` module to stop the rendering if the provided dimensions are inconsistent.
*   The ball loading lid should be a separate, easily removable part.
*   The design should be modular and parametric to make it easy to customize.

So, could you help me generate the OpenSCAD code for this? I'm imagining a single `.scad` file that encapsulates all of this. I am _not_ using any libraries like MCAD, BOSL, BOLTS, or others. I am using only standard OpenSCAD modules. Thanks!

[Assistant]
ball_bearing.scad:
```
// Customizable bearing by enheragu
// Date: 10-12-2020

/* [Bearing Sizes] */
// External diameter (mm)
external_diameter=40;

// Internal diameter (mm)
internal_diameter=20;

// Ball diameter (mm)
ball_diameter=6;

// height (mm). Of course it should be more than ball_diameter + at least a couple of layers
height=9;

/* [Other characteristics] */

// Lid of the hole to introduce balls. If set to true the lid is left in place to be princed. Is a separate obj and should be easy to dissasemple once printed :)
get_ball_lid = false;

// Side from which balls are feeded into the bearing (either through inner or outer side)
input_hole="E"; //[I:Internal SIde,E:External Side]

/* [Multi dimensional bearing] */
// Number of ball rows included (max of two, need both sizes to feed balls)
ball_rows = 1; // [1,2]

// Number of columns
ball_columns = 1;

/* [Printer settings] */

// Printer tolerance (mm). Printers are not perfect, pieces need a bit of margin to fit.
tolerance=0.4;

// Printer layer height. Will checked to ensure a minimum eigth of the bearing.
layer_height = 0.20; // 0.01

// Printer wall thickness. Will be checked to ensure a minimum width (ext_diam - in_diam) of the bearing.
wall_thickness = 0.4;

/* [Other]  */

// Debug option. Rounds borders to save some material while doing som print-testing
round_borders = false;

// Depends on the height and how much you want to take out (is divided by 10 tu have more range)
round_factor = 1.20; // [1:0.1:10]
round_factor_apply = 1 + round_factor/10;
// $fn resolution
fn = 150;

top_margin = layer_height*4;
side_margin = wall_thickness*4;
// Check that dimensions are acceptable to render
height_incorrect = ((height) < ((ball_diameter+tolerance+top_margin)*(ball_columns) + top_margin)); // add at least top_margin between ball columns and between sides
diam_relation_incorrect = ((external_diameter-internal_diameter)/2 < ((ball_diameter+tolerance+side_margin)*(ball_rows) + side_margin)); // add at least side_margin between ball rows and between sides

module fail(fail_msg)
{
    assert(false, fail_msg);
    cube();
}
//
if(height_incorrect) fail(str("height (",height,") provided is not consistent with number of columns (",ball_columns,") and ball diameter sizes (",ball_diameter,"). height sholud be > ",((ball_diameter+top_margin)*(ball_columns) + top_margin)),". Check Printer settings in customization.");
else if(diam_relation_incorrect) fail(str("Diameters (ext: ",external_diameter,", int: ",internal_diameter,") provided are not consistent with number of rows (",ball_rows,") and ball diameter sizes (",ball_diameter,"). Dif between diameters (ext-int) should be > ",((ball_diameter+side_margin)*(ball_rows) + side_margin)*2,". Check Printer settings in customization."));

module ring(ext_diam, in_diam, height)
{
    difference()
    {
        cylinder(d=ext_diam, h = height, center=true, $fn=150);
        cylinder(d=in_diam, h = height*1.1, center=true, $fn=fn); // multiply height to ensure complete cutting
    }
}

module toroid(diameter, section_diameter)
{
        rotate_extrude(convexity = 10, $fn = fn)
        translate([diameter/2, 0, 0])
        circle(d=section_diameter);
}

module ball_hole(ext_diam, in_diam, ball_diameter,input_hole)
{
    average_rad = (ext_diam + in_diam)/4;
    angle = (input_hole == "I")?90:-90;
    translate([0, average_rad, 0])
    rotate([angle,0,0])
    cylinder(d=ball_diameter+tolerance,h=(ext_diam-average_rad)*1.1, $fn=fn);
}

module ball_door(ext_diam, in_diam, ball_diameter,input_hole)
{
    average_rad = (ext_diam + in_diam)/4;
    angle = (input_hole == "I")?90:-90;
    intersection()
    {
        translate([0, average_rad, 0])
        rotate([angle,0,0])
        cylinder(d=ball_diameter-tolerance*2,h=(ext_diam-average_rad), $fn=fn);
        ring(ext_diam, in_diam, height);
    }
}

module solid_ring_with_hole(ext_diam, in_diam, height, ball_diameter,input_hole)
{
    union()
    {
        difference()
        {
            ring(ext_diam, in_diam, height);
            ball_hole(ext_diam,in_diam,ball_diameter,input_hole);
        }
        if(get_ball_lid) ball_door(ext_diam,in_diam,ball_diameter,input_hole);
    }
}

module simple_bearing(ext_diam, in_diam, height, ball_diameter,input_hole)
{
    // Make cut section to split into two
    diam_average = (ext_diam+in_diam)/2;
    division_width = ball_diameter*0.4;
    division_ext_diam = diam_average+division_width;
    division_in_diam = diam_average-division_width;

    difference()
    {
        difference()
        {
            solid_ring_with_hole(ext_diam, in_diam, height, ball_diameter,input_hole);
            ring(division_ext_diam, division_in_diam, height*1.1); // multiply height to ensure complete cutting
        }
        toroid(diam_average, ball_diameter+tolerance);
    }
}

module multy_row_bearing(n_rows, ext_diam, in_diam, height, ball_diameter,input_hole)
{

    if(n_rows == 1)
    {
        simple_bearing(ext_diam, in_diam, height, ball_diameter,input_hole);
    }
    else if (n_rows == 2)
    {
        average_diam = (ext_diam+in_diam)/2;
        union()
        {
            // External bearing
            simple_bearing(ext_diam, average_diam, height, ball_diameter,"E");
            // Internal bearing
            simple_bearing(average_diam, in_diam, height, ball_diameter,"I");
        }
    }
}
module multy_col_bearing(n_cols,n_rows, ext_diam, in_diam, height, ball_diameter,input_hole)
{
    column_height = height/n_cols;
    union()
    {
        for (i = [0 : n_cols-1])
        {
            //color("grey", 0.5)
            translate([0, 0, column_height*i])
            multy_row_bearing(n_rows,ext_diam,in_diam,column_height,ball_diameter,input_hole);
        }
    }
}

intersection()
{
    multy_col_bearing(ball_columns,ball_rows,external_diameter,internal_diameter,height,ball_diameter,input_hole);
    if (round_borders) toroid((external_diameter+internal_diameter)/2,height*round_factor_apply);
}

```


[User]
Hi there, I'm looking for an OpenSCAD design to make a shim for an EU plug. I've attached my current solution, which was pretty specific to one plug, but I'd like something more general. Basically, the issue is that the plastic around the plug pins on some devices is too thick, preventing the metal pins from making proper contact in the wall outlet. I made a shim to push the plug further into the outlet, and it works great, but it's not ideal since it's not parametrically adjustable.

I'd like to be able to generate shims for different plug shapes and sizes. My current design supports round, rectangle, end-round rectangle, and hexagon shapes, and it allows you to specify things like the pin diameter, distance between pins, shim thickness, and the gap between the pin and the hole in the shim. I also added a rounding parameter for the rectangular and hexagonal shapes. I'd like to retain that functionality, while making it easier to adjust the parameters and reuse the design for other plugs.

I don't have strong preferences for how it's organized, but I'd like to be able to easily generate the different shapes and vary the parameters. It would be good if all the parameters were easy to find and change. I'm hoping for something more robust than the quick-and-dirty solution I came up with. Basically, I would like to generate a set of shims that fit over the pins of different types of plug so they reach the metal connectors inside the outlet, given some measurements from the plug. It should be flexible to various plug sizes, pin diameters, and pin distances. Is that something you can help me with?

[Assistant]
PlugShim2.scad:
```
//// File: PlugShim.scad
//// Version: OpenSCAD 2015.03-2
//// Author: Kijja Chaovanakij
//// Date: 2020.12.12

//appliances: pin_dia, pin2pin, shim_thick, hole_gap
//rice cooker: 4.6, 18.9, 3, 0.25
//Asus usb charger: 3.5, 18.8, 2-3, 0.25

/*[plug shape]*/
//plug shape option
shape=5; //[1:round, 2:rectangle, 3:end round rectangle, 4:hexagon, 5:all]

/*[round shape]*/
//round shape diameter
round_dia=36.3;

/*[rectangle shape]*/
//rectangle shape size
rec_xsize=33.4;
rec_ysize=12.5;

/*[end round rectangle]*/
//end round rectangle size
end_round_rec_xsize=37.5;
end_round_rec_ysize=17;

/*[hexagon shape]*/
//hexagon shape size
hex_xsize=35.0;
hex_ysize=13.5;

/*[plug pin]*/
//plug pin dimension
pin_dia=3.5;
pin2pin=18.8;

/*[other]*/
//gap between of plug pin and hole(vary by printer)
hole_gap=0.25; //[0.2:0.05:0.4]
//shim thickness
shim_thick=3; //[2:1:5]
//rounding radius of rectangle and hexagon shape
rounding=2; //[1:0.5:3]

/*[Hidden]*/
$fn=80;

//==== main ====//
if (shape==1){
  round_plug();}

if (shape==2){
  rectangle_plug();}

if (shape==3){
  end_rectangle_plug();}

if (shape==4){
  hexagon_plug();}

if (shape==5){
  translate ([-round_dia/2-3, -round_dia/2-3, 0])
    round_plug();
  translate ([end_round_rec_xsize/2+3, -round_dia/2-3, 0])
    end_rectangle_plug();
  translate ([-rec_xsize/2-3, rec_ysize/2+3, 0])
    rectangle_plug();
  translate ([hex_xsize/2+3, hex_ysize/2+3, 0])
    hexagon_plug();
}//i
//

module pin_hole(){
  for (i=[pin2pin/2, -pin2pin/2])
    translate([i, 0])
      circle(r=pin_dia/2+hole_gap, $fn=36);
}//m
//

module round_plug(){
  color("HotPink")
  linear_extrude(shim_thick)
    difference(){
      circle(d=round_dia);
      pin_hole();
    }//d
}//m
//

module rectangle_plug(){
  color("Aqua")
  linear_extrude(shim_thick)
    difference(){
      minkowski(){
        square([rec_xsize-rounding*2, rec_ysize-rounding*2], true);
        circle(r=rounding, $fn=36);
      }//m
      pin_hole();
    }//d
}//m
//

module end_rectangle_plug(){
  wid=end_round_rec_xsize-end_round_rec_ysize;
  color("LimeGreen")
  linear_extrude(shim_thick)
    difference(){
      hull(){
        for (i=[wid/2, -wid/2])
          translate([i, 0])
            circle(d=end_round_rec_ysize);
      }//h
      pin_hole();
    }//d
}//m
//

module hexagon_plug(){
  wid=hex_xsize-rounding*2;
  color("Crimson")
  linear_extrude(shim_thick)
    difference(){
      minkowski(){
        difference(){
          square([wid, hex_ysize-rounding*2], true);
          for (j=[wid/2, -wid/2]){
            translate([j, 0])
              for (i=[45, -135])
                rotate([0, 0, i])
                  square([hex_ysize, hex_ysize]);
          }//f
        }//d
        circle(r=rounding, $fn=36);
      }//m
      pin_hole();
    }//d
}//m
//m

```


[User]
Hi there, I'm looking for an OpenSCAD design for a customizable Christmas ornament, like a globe or bauble, with text on the surface. I have an existing file that I've been working on, but I'd like to see what you come up with from scratch.

Here's what I'm envisioning:

**Core Shape:**
*   The ornament should be a sphere, but I'd like it to be generated using a poly3D method based on an icosahedron. I've got a module for this called `better_sphere` in my existing code. I'm looking for something similar, maybe even a module named the same for drop-in replacements to my existing code
*   The sphere should have a stem on top with a hole for hanging.

**Text:**
*   I want to be able to specify multiple lines of text, which should be stored in a `text_array`.
*   The text should wrap around the curved surface of the sphere, and the entire text block should be scaled so that it fits within a specified `text_height`. The scaling should be done with the text height and a `line_height` value that can be controlled by the user.
*   The text should be extruded out from the sphere surface as a solid. I would like to be able to specify the text's extrusion depth.
*   The user should be able to control the `font`, `font_size`, and `line_height`.

**Customization:**
* I want the user to be able to control the `fn` value, which will impact the smoothness of the sphere. The function should use a parameter `n` which is defined by the `fn` value (as seen in my existing code)
* I'd like to be able to set the color of the base sphere separately from the extruded text.
* I would prefer that the text have a white color.

I'm looking for the following modules: `ornament`, `globe`, `stem`, `round_text`, `regular_text`, `text_block` and `better_sphere`. I would also like all of the vendor functions (e.g. `normalize`, `flatten`, `icosahedron`, `subdivide_faces`).

I'm thinking about the following parameters:

*   `text_array` (array of strings)
*   `font` (string)
*   `font_size` (number)
*   `line_height` (number)
*   `text_height` (number)
*  `text_depth` (number for text extrusion)
*   `fn` (number)
* `sphere_diameter` (number for the sphere's diameter)

Could you provide the OpenSCAD code for this design? Thank you!

[Assistant]
customizable-ornament.scad:
```

/**
 * Customizable 3D Holiday Ornament
 * (christmas, xmas, globe, sphere, bauble)
 * by Nagmay
 *
 * Create a 3D globe bauble with custom text
 *
 * This code is published at: https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:4681765
 * licensed under the Creative Commons - Attribution - Non-Commercial  - Share Alike license (CC BY-SA 3.0)
 *
 * Version history:
 * 0.1.0 - basic functioning code
 * 0.2.0 - better sphere geometry
 * 0.3.0 - scale text ratio based on height
 * 0.3.1 - set Georgia as default font (prints better)
 *
 * To do:
 * - Can text ratio be bound by width too?
 * - Option to inlay (vs extrude text)
 * - Set up script to generate most common names
 * - Themes (snowflakes, branches, lines, etc)
 */

/******************************
 * Values to edit
 ******************************/
text_array = [
    "LOREM",
    "IPSUM",
    "-2020-"
];

font = "Georgia:style=Bold"; // help > font list
font_size = 8;
line_height = 1.5;
text_height = 30;

fn = 90; // quality (30 low, 60 med, 90 very good)

/**
 * Calculated values
 */
// faces on sphere as related to quality
sphere_n = (.04*fn);
// how much to scale the text
line_h_calculated = (font_size*line_height);
text_h_calculated = ((len(text_array)*line_h_calculated)-(line_h_calculated-font_size));
text_scale = (text_height / text_h_calculated);
//echo (text_scale);

/******************************
 * render
 ******************************/
rotate(-45,[1,0,0]){
    union(){
        ornament();
        round_text();
    }
}

/******************************
 * modules
 ******************************/

// blank ornament
module ornament(){
    difference() {
        union(){
            globe();
            stem();
        }
        // hole
        translate([0,0,38]){
            cylinder (d=18,h=10,center = true, $fn=fn);
        }
    }
}

// globe shape
module globe(){
    difference() {
        better_sphere(d=72,n=sphere_n);
        translate([0,0,.5]){
            color("Red",1) better_sphere(d=70,n=sphere_n);
        }
    }
}

// stem shape
module stem(){
    translate([0,0,39]){
        difference() {
            cylinder (d=20,h=10,center = true, $fn=fn);
            translate([0,0,1]){
                cylinder (d=12,h=13,center = true, $fn=fn);
            }
        }
    }
}

// round text
module round_text(){
    intersection() {
        difference() {
            better_sphere(d=75,n=sphere_n);
            better_sphere(d=72,n=sphere_n);
            }
        regular_text();
    }
}

// text
module regular_text(text_block){
    z = text_h_calculated/4;
    translate([0,0,z])
    rotate(90,[1,0,0])
    color("white")
    linear_extrude(height=60)
    scale([text_scale,text_scale,0])
    text_block();

}

// text to block
module text_block(){
    union(){
        for (i=[0:len(text_array)-1]){
            translate([0,-i*font_size*line_height,0])
            text( text_array[i], font=font, size=font_size,halign="center");
        }
    }
}

/******************************
 * functions
 ******************************/

/******************************
 * Vendor
 ******************************/

/**
 * Better sphere https://gist.github.com/thehans/052129033443d8a8c14ac1e69b42e8da
 */
module better_sphere(r=1,d,n=0){
    poly3d(icosahedron(r,d,n));
}
module poly3d(p) {
  polyhedron(points=p[0],faces=p[1]);
}
function normalize(v) = v / norm(v); // convert vector to unit vector
function flatten(l) = [ for (a = l) for (b = a) b ];

// n = subdivision iterations (number of faces = 20 * 4^n)
// points constructed from golden rectangles as shown here https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Icosahedron-golden-rectangles.svg
function icosahedron(r=1,d,n=0) =
  let(
    R = d == undef ? r : d/2,
    phi = (1+sqrt(5))/2,
    magnitude = norm([1,phi]),
    a = 1/magnitude,
    b = phi/magnitude,
    points = [
      [-a,b,0],[a,b,0],[a,-b,0],[-a,-b,0], // golden rectangle in XY plane
      [-b,0,a],[b,0,a],[b,0,-a],[-b,0,-a], // golden rectangle in XZ plane
      [0,-a,b],[0,a,b],[0,a,-b],[0,-a,-b]  // golden rectangle in YZ plane
    ],
    faces = [
      [0,9,4],[4,9,8],[8,9,5],[5,9,1],[1,9,0],
      [2,11,3],[3,11,7],[7,11,10],[10,11,6],[6,11,2],
      [8,5,2],[2,5,6],[6,5,1],[6,1,10],[10,1,0],[10,0,7],[7,0,4],[7,4,3],[3,4,8],[8,2,3]
    ],
    poly = n==0 ? [points,faces] : subdivide_faces([points,faces], n=n)
  )
  [[for (p = poly[0]) R*normalize(p)],poly[1]];

// faces better be triangles... or else!
function subdivide_faces(poly3d, n=1) =
  let(
    points = poly3d[0],
    tris = poly3d[1],
    newpoints = flatten([for (t = tris)
      let(
        p0 = points[t[0]],
        p1 = points[t[1]],
        p2 = points[t[2]]
      )
      [(p0+p1)/2, (p1+p2)/2, (p2+p0)/2]
    ]),
    lp = len(points),
    allpoints = concat(points, newpoints),
    faces = flatten([for (i = [0:len(tris) - 1])
      let(
        f = tris[i],
        p0 = f[0], p1 = f[1], p2 = f[2],
        m0 = lp + i * 3, m1 = m0 + 1, m2 = m1 + 1
      )
      [[p0,m0,m2],
      [m0,p1,m1],
      [m0,m1,m2],
      [m2,m1,p2]]
    ])
  )
  n > 1 ? subdivide_faces([allpoints,faces],n-1) : [allpoints,faces];

```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to create a parametric snowflake ornament generator using OpenSCAD. I'd like the design to be based on a user-input name, which will then seed a random number generator to create a unique snowflake pattern each time.

The core idea is a central polygon with six points, and from each point, a "branch" will extend out. These branches will have a main stem with a few perpendicular segments along it, each with an optional end cap circle. The length of these perpendicular segments and whether they have the end caps should also be determined randomly based on the user's name. I also need a loop at the top for hanging the ornament.

I'll need the code to include:
*   A hash function that takes the user's input name and generates a seed value.
*   A random number generator (using the seed value) that will create an array of lengths for the branch segments.
*   Another random number generator (using the same seed value) to determine whether each branch segment will have an end cap.
*   A module to create a straight branch segment with optional end cap
*   A module to create a complete branch that consists of the stem and these segments.
*   A module to create the circular loop for hanging.
*   A module to assemble everything together into the final snowflake ornament.
*   The final design should be centered at the origin

I'm going to print these at 50% scale, so the measurements shouldn't be too large.

I'd like to use the MCAD library's `text()` function for engraving text into the model if possible. This should be optional for the moment - could you comment out the text generation for now to keep things simple?

[Assistant]
ornament.scad:
```
//
// Simplified Snowflake Ornament
// Hashes 'name' for a unique snowflake design
// Christopher Bero <bigbero@gmail.com>
//

// Change this to seed values
name="Mom";

// Recursive hash function, values generated outside of module
function sfold_hash(string, i, sum) = ( i==len(string) ? sum : (sfold_hash(string, i+1,
(sum + ( ord(string[i]) * (((i % 4) + 1) * 256 ) )) ) ) );

seedval=sfold_hash(name, 0, 0);
rand_segments = rands(10, 50, 6, seed_value=seedval);
rand_endcaps=rands(0, 1, 6, seed_value=seedval);

// CText borrowed from the excellent Ultimate Box by Heartman
// https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:1264391
module CText(Tx,Ty,Font,Size,TxtRadius,Angl,Turn,Content){
      Angle = -Angl / len(Content);
      translate([Tx,Ty,0])
          for (i= [0:len(Content)-1] ){
              rotate([0,0,i*Angle+90+Turn])
              translate([0,TxtRadius,0]) {
                linear_extrude(height = 0.5){
                text(Content[i], font = Font, size = Size,  valign ="baseline", halign ="center");
                    }
                }
             }
}

// Generate loop to hang on tree
module Hook() {
	difference() {
		circle(d=20);
		circle(d=10);
	}
}

// Generate straight section of branch
module Segment(level, length, angle, endcap) {
	width = 6;
	level_len = 10;
	translate([0, level * level_len, 0]) {
		rotate([0, 0, angle]) {
			translate([-width/2, 0, 0]) {
				square([width, length]);
				if (endcap == 1)
					translate([width/2, length, 0])
						circle(d=width+1);
			}
		}
	}
}

// Create deterministic branch
module Branch() {
	for (i = [0:4]) {
		Segment(i, 10, 0, 0);
		if (i%2 == 1) {
			for (r = [-1:2:1]) {
				Segment(i, rand_segments[i], 60 * r, round(rand_endcaps[i]));
			}
		}
	}
}

module Assembly() {
	core_radius = 20;
	points= [ for (a = [0 : (360/6) : 359 ]) [ core_radius * sin(a), core_radius * cos(a) ] ];

	difference() {
		linear_extrude(2) {
			union() {
				polygon(points);
				for (i = [0:(360/6):359]) {
					rotate([0, 0, i]) {
						translate([0, 15, 0]) {
							Branch();
						}
					}
				}
				translate([0, 70, 0])
					Hook();
			}
		}
		/*rotate([0, 180, 0]) {
			translate([0, 4, -0.49]) {
				linear_extrude(0.5) {
					text("Merry", 4, font="Hack", halign="center");
					translate([0, -10, 0])
						text("Christmas!", 4, font="Hack", halign="center");
				}
			}
		}*/
		/*translate([0, -2, 1.51]) {
			linear_extrude(0.5) {
				text(year, 8, font = "Bitstream Vera Sans", halign = "center");
			}
			rotate([0, 0, 10])
				CText(0, 0, "Hack", 4, 20, 210, 0, tagline);

		}*/
	}

}

Assembly();

```


[User]
I'd like a parametric OpenSCAD design for a tiny book cover that can hold either a microSD card, an SD card, or a Nintendo Switch cartridge inside. I need to be able to customize the text on the front cover (five lines) and the spine (one line). The design should also let me choose between having spine grooves or not.

I also need to be able to choose from a selection of fonts or specify my own, and control the spacing and size of the text independently for each line on the cover and the spine. I'm fine with having the fonts be specified by name rather than some more complicated interface; I can figure out what's available in my OpenSCAD install. Also, I need a small catch that will hold the storage media tightly in the pages compartment.

I don't need any specific libraries. Please generate all of the needed .scad files. I'm not worried about the page models at this time, I just need the cover.

[Assistant]
TinyBookCover-v1.1.scad:
```
/* Tiny Book Cover
   by Lyl3

Create a tiny book cover with text on the front cover and the spine. It can be sized to fit a microSD card or an SD card in the accompanying secret pages models. Features five lines of text on the front cover and one line of text on the spine.

This code is published at:
https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:4689609
licensed under the Creative Commons - Attribution - Share Alike license (CC BY-SA 3.0)

V0.1 - basic functioning code
V0.2 - fine-tuned the font parameters
V0.3 - removed the catch and the spine grooves from the book cross section and created them with OpenSCAD primitives
V0.4 - cleaned up the code and added descriptions for the parameters
V0.5 - added text to the spine and a fifth line of text to the cover
V0.6 - added option to size it for an SD card instead of just a microSD card
V0.7 - reworked the code to create the SD card sized cover
V0.8 - fine-tuned SD card sized cover and the text positioning for both sizes
V0.9 - added code to center the text on book covers with no spine grooves
V1.0 - ready for release
V1.1 - added option for Switch cartridge size and added a tiny catch to hold it tight in the pages compartment
*/

/* [Book Title Parameters] */
book_title_line_1_text = "Top";

book_title_line_2_text = "Secret";

book_title_line_3_text = "Photos";

book_title_line_4_text = "";

book_title_line_5_text = "";

book_title_spine_text = "Photos";

/* [Font Parameters] */

// Choose from a small variety of fonts that should work well in this application. NOTE: Arial is not available on the Thingiverse customizer and the others are not available on the OpenSCAD customizer unless you have installed them on your computer. Download them from https://fonts.google.com/
font_name = 4; // [ 0:other, 1:Arial Black, 2:Arial Bold Italic, 3:Roboto Condensed Bold Italic, 4:Orbitron Bold, 5:Kreon Bold, 6:BioRhyme Bold, 7:Courgette, 8:Sriracha, 9:Yellowtail, 10:Tillana Bold, 11:Shojumaru]

// If "other" is selected above, you can specify any font available from the Google fonts repository if you are running this on the Thingiverse customizer. See https://fonts.google.com/ for available fonts. If you are running OpenSCAD on your own computer you can see the fonts available in the "Help/Font List" menu item.
other_font = "Stardos Stencil:style=Bold";

// Depending on the font used and it's size, the letters of text may need to be spaced a little farther apart than the default so that the letters are distinguishable.
font_spacing = 1.15; // [1:0.05:1.5]

// Enter the font size for the 1st line of text in the book title.
book_title_line_1_font_size = 2.7; // [1:0.1:10]

// Enter the font size for the 2nd line of text in the book title.
book_title_line_2_font_size = 2.7; // [1:0.1:10]

// Enter the font size for the 3rd line of text in the book title.
book_title_line_3_font_size = 2.7; // [1:0.1:10]

// Enter the font size for the 4th line of text in the book title.
book_title_line_4_font_size = 2.7; // [1:0.1:10]

// Enter the font size for the 5th line of text in the book title.
book_title_line_5_font_size = 2.7; // [1:0.1:10]

// Enter the font size for the text on the spine.
book_title_spine_font_size = 3; // [1:0.1:10]

/* [Book Parameters] */

// Size the book to fit a microSD card or an SD card.
book_size = 1; // [1:microSD card, 2:SD card, 3:Switch cartridge]

// The spine can have grooves or not have them. In a real book the grooves form hinges for opening the cover boards and give the book a classic look.
with_spine_grooves = 1; // [0:no,1:yes]

/* [Hidden] */
$fn = 30;
fudge = 0.1;
bookHeight = 20;

book_scale = min(book_size,2); // switch cartridge uses same scale of model as SD card (until the end)
scaleAdjust = [ [1,1,1], [1,1,1], [0.8793, 1.1685, 0.9654] ];  // this is the scale adjustment done at the end

bookCentersX = [0.8,0.5,1.4,0.8];
bookCenterX = bookCentersX[2*with_spine_grooves+book_scale-1];

// This convoluted way of selecting the font from an array was a requirement introduced by a change
// on the Thingiverse customizer that broke the ability to directly select fonts with a style specified.
// This issue was first noticed 2010-02-26 and probably happened within the two months prior to that date.
fontNames = ["other", "Arial Black:style=Regular", "Arial:style=Bold Italic", "Roboto Condensed:style=Bold Italic", "Orbitron:style=Bold", "Kreon:style=Bold", "BioRhyme:style=Bold", "Courgette:style=Regular", "Sriracha:style=Regular", "Yellowtail:style=Regular", "Tillana:style=Bold", "Shojumaru:style=Regular"];

selectedFont = (font_name==0) ? other_font : fontNames[font_name];

scale(scaleAdjust[book_size-1]) union() {  // quick hack for adjusting scale for Switch cartridge
  difference() {
  // Add the selected cross-section. Use the SD card cross-section for the Switch cartridge
  if (book_scale == 1) {
    poly_tinyBookCover_microSDcard(20);
  } else {
    poly_tinyBookCover_SDcard(40);
  }
  scale([book_scale,1,book_scale]) {
    if (with_spine_grooves == 1) {
      translate([-7.3-0.5*book_scale,-3.4,-fudge/2]) scale([1/book_scale,1,1]) cylinder(h=bookHeight+fudge, r=0.4);
      translate([-7.3-0.5*book_scale,3.4,-fudge/2]) scale([1/book_scale,1,1]) cylinder(h=bookHeight+fudge, r=0.4);
    }

    translate ([bookCenterX,-2.55,17]) rotate([90,0,0]) linear_extrude(0.8) text(book_title_line_1_text,font=selectedFont,size=book_title_line_1_font_size,halign="center",valign="center",spacing=font_spacing);

    translate ([bookCenterX,-2.55,13.5]) rotate([90,0,0]) linear_extrude(0.8) text(book_title_line_2_text,font=selectedFont,size=book_title_line_2_font_size,halign="center",valign="center",spacing=font_spacing);

    translate ([bookCenterX,-2.55,10]) rotate([90,0,0]) linear_extrude(0.8) text(book_title_line_3_text,font=selectedFont,size=book_title_line_3_font_size,halign="center",valign="center",spacing=font_spacing);

    translate ([bookCenterX,-2.55,6.5]) rotate([90,0,0]) linear_extrude(0.8) text(book_title_line_4_text,font=selectedFont,size=book_title_line_4_font_size,halign="center",valign="center",spacing=font_spacing);

    translate ([bookCenterX,-2.55,3]) rotate([90,0,0]) linear_extrude(0.8) text(book_title_line_5_text,font=selectedFont,size=book_title_line_5_font_size,halign="center",valign="center",spacing=font_spacing);

    // This code makes the text on the spine a uniform depth
    translate ([-4.4*(book_scale-1),0,0])
    scale([1/book_scale,1,1/book_scale]) intersection() {
      translate ([0.78,0,0]) difference() {
	    translate ([-9.0,0,10*book_scale]) rotate([0,90,180]) linear_extrude(3)
          text(book_title_spine_text,font=selectedFont,size=book_title_spine_font_size,halign="center",valign="center",spacing=font_spacing);
	    poly_tinyBookCover_microSDcard(20*book_scale);
      }
      poly_tinyBookCover_microSDcard(20*book_scale);
    }
  }
}
  // Add the catch to hold in the pages
  scale([book_scale,1,book_scale]) translate([7.44-0.5*(book_scale-1),-2.14,1.8])
  difference() {
    linear_extrude(16.4) difference() {
      square([1.09,1.29]);
      translate([1.09,0,0]) rotate([0,0,40]) translate([0,-1,0]) square([3,3]);
    }
    translate([-1,-1,-1.2+0.623*(book_scale-1)]) rotate([-40-20*(book_scale-1),0,0]) cube([4,4,4]);
    translate([-1,-1,17.6-0.623*(book_scale-1)]) rotate([-50+20*(book_scale-1),0,0]) cube([4,4,4]);
  }
  // Add a small catch to hold in the card or cartridge
  scale([book_scale,1,book_scale]) translate([-5.66-0.5*(book_scale-1),-2.14,1.8])
  difference() {
    linear_extrude(16.4) difference() {
      square([1.09,1.29]);
      translate([0.25,0,0]) rotate([0,0,20]) translate([0,-1,0]) square([3,3]);
    }
    translate([-1,-1,-1.2+0.623*(book_scale-1)]) rotate([-40-20*(book_scale-1),0,0]) cube([4,4,4]);
    translate([-1,-1,17.6-0.623*(book_scale-1)]) rotate([-50+20*(book_scale-1),0,0]) cube([4,4,4]);
  }
}

//
// Create the microSD card book cover cross-section and extrude it up the specified height
//
module poly_tinyBookCover_microSDcard(h=20)
{
  scale([0.1, -0.1, 1]) union()
  {
    linear_extrude(height=h)
      polygon([[-87.504349,31.945034],[-88.522104,31.299931],[-89.516006,30.385891],[-90.481182,29.234219],[-91.412755,27.876219],[-93.155594,24.666453],[-94.705519,21.007028],[-96.023530,17.148379],[-97.070622,13.340944],[-97.807795,9.835157],[-98.196045,6.881454],[-98.328901,0.308274],[-98.194345,-6.319956],[-97.661053,-11.101840],[-96.809865,-15.524774],[-95.695250,-19.536930],[-94.371681,-23.086482],[-92.893629,-26.121603],[-91.315565,-28.590463],[-89.691962,-30.441237],[-88.077289,-31.622096],[-87.113586,-32.004252],[-86.075397,-32.124756],[-83.952113,-32.091796],[11.949221,-32.091796],[98.328901,-32.091796],[98.328901,-26.699666],[98.328901,-21.307536],[10.953551,-21.307576],[-77.086855,-21.307576],[-78.173226,-20.973635],[-79.234559,-20.388585],[-80.259790,-19.568366],[-81.237858,-18.528919],[-82.157700,-17.286183],[-83.008254,-15.856099],[-84.457247,-12.497646],[-85.302713,-9.595920],[-85.910155,-6.532274],[-86.279385,-3.359658],[-86.410215,-0.131019],[-86.302455,3.100694],[-85.955916,6.282533],[-85.370410,9.361549],[-84.545747,12.284794],[-83.319049,15.149123],[-81.984083,17.817636],[-81.234432,18.986916],[-80.407831,19.997386],[-79.487656,20.812428],[-78.457277,21.395424],[10.378841,21.395424],[98.328901,21.395424],[98.328901,26.756904],[98.328901,32.118044],[11.960591,32.118044],[-83.828419,32.118044],[-85.461225,32.124756],[-87.504467,31.944944],[-87.504349,31.945034]]);
  }
}

//
// Create the SD card book cover cross-section and extrude it up the specified height
//
module poly_tinyBookCover_SDcard(h=40)
{
  scale([0.1, -0.1, 1]) union()
  {
    linear_extrude(height=h)
      polygon([[-175.004425,31.945034],[-176.022179,31.299931],[-177.016082,30.385891],[-177.981258,29.234219],[-178.912831,27.876219],[-180.655670,24.666453],[-182.205596,21.007028],[-183.523606,17.148379],[-184.570699,13.340944],[-185.307871,9.835157],[-185.696121,6.881454],[-185.828977,0.308274],[-185.694421,-6.319956],[-185.161130,-11.101840],[-184.309941,-15.524774],[-183.195326,-19.536930],[-181.871757,-23.086482],[-180.393705,-26.121603],[-178.815641,-28.590463],[-177.192037,-30.441237],[-175.577365,-31.622096],[-174.613662,-32.004252],[-173.575473,-32.124756],[-171.452189,-32.091796],[-75.550855,-32.091796],[185.828977,-32.091426],[185.828977,-26.699666],[185.828977,-21.307536],[-76.546525,-21.307576],[-164.586931,-21.307576],[-165.673302,-20.973635],[-166.734635,-20.388585],[-167.759866,-19.568366],[-168.737934,-18.528919],[-169.657776,-17.286183],[-170.508330,-15.856099],[-171.957323,-12.497646],[-172.802788,-9.595920],[-173.410231,-6.532274],[-173.779461,-3.359658],[-173.910291,-0.131019],[-173.802530,3.100694],[-173.455992,6.282533],[-172.870485,9.361549],[-172.045823,12.284794],[-170.819125,15.149123],[-169.484159,17.817636],[-168.734507,18.986916],[-167.907907,19.997386],[-166.987731,20.812428],[-165.957353,21.395424],[-77.121235,21.395424],[185.828977,21.395424],[185.828977,26.756904],[185.828977,32.118044],[-75.539485,32.118044],[-171.328495,32.118044],[-172.961301,32.124756],[-175.004543,31.944944],[-175.004425,31.945034]]);
  }
}

```


[User]
I'd like to create a parametric template for cutting out rounded sections of leather card pockets, similar to what's described in this Reddit thread: [https://www.reddit.com/r/Leathercraft/comments/kfju19/small_3d_printed_guide_to_get_more_consistent/](https://www.reddit.com/r/Leathercraft/comments/kfju19/small_3d_printed_guide_to_get_more_consistent/). I've been using the provided code as a starting point, but I'm looking for a more flexible and modular approach that might be easier to adapt to future designs.

Here's what I need the template to do:

*   **Base Shape:** The template has a main rectangular body representing the card pocket area.
*   **Rounded Corners:** The two corners on the left and right of the card pocket area should be rounded with independent radius values.
*   **Cutout:** There should be a circular cutout, slightly offset from the center of the card pocket area and protruding a set amount from the main body. This cutout is meant to guide a cutting tool.
*   **Parametric Design:** The design needs to be fully parametric so I can easily adjust the following parameters:
    *   `pocket_width`: The width of the main card pocket area.
    *   `circle_diam`: The diameter of the circular cutout.
    *   `protrude_len`: How much the cutout protrudes outwards from the base template edge.
    *   `tol`: A tolerance value to adjust sizes, and corner radii - also affects the offset of the circle origin
    *   `thickness`: The overall thickness of the template.
    *   `leather_thickness`: The offset of the cutout area from the top of the template to allow for a variable leather thickness.
    *   `corner_radius_l`: The radius of the left-hand corner.
    *   `corner_radius_r`: The radius of the right-hand corner.
    *   `outer_width`: The width of the supporting frame.
*   **Customization:** I'd also like to be able to specify the number of fragments for circles and arcs (`$fn`).

Ideally, the code should be well-structured and easy to read, potentially using modules for different parts of the design. I'd like to avoid complex code if possible, so please prioritize readability and flexibility over maximal performance.
I am not looking to use any external libraries for this.
Thanks!

[Assistant]
pocket_template_parametric.scad:
```
// Made by nihilianth https://www.thingiverse.com/nihilianth
// https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:4690434

// Number of fragments
fn = 500;
// Card pocket base width
pocket_width = 99.1;
// Cutout base diameter
circle_diam = 198.3;
// cutout protrusion
protrude_len = 7.5;
// Offset for pocket_width (+), corner radius (+-> larger radius) and circle origin
tol = 0.2; // [0:0.1:2]
// Preview tolerance value
tolerance_preview = false;
// Total template thickness
thickness = 3;
// Cutout template offset from top plane (0=uniform thickness)
leather_thickness = 1;
// Left corner base radius
corner_radius_l = 6; // [0:15]
// Right corner base radius
corner_radius_r = 5; // [0:15]
// Outer frame width (X)
outer_width = 10;

arc_thickness = thickness - leather_thickness;
$fn = fn;

module template(tolerance, diam_l, diam_r)
{
    diam_l = diam_l + tolerance * 2;
    diam_r = diam_r + tolerance * 2;

    union()
    {
        difference()
        {
            hull()
            {
                //left
                translate([ -(pocket_width + outer_width) / 2, 0, 0 ])
                {
                    translate([ -outer_width / 2, -outer_width * 1.2, 0 ])
                        cube(size = [ outer_width, outer_width * 1.2, thickness ]);

                    translate([ (diam_l - outer_width) / 2, outer_width - diam_l / 2, 0 ])
                        cylinder(h = thickness, r = diam_l / 2);
                }

                // right
                translate([ pocket_width / 2, 0, 0 ])
                {
                    translate([ 0, -outer_width * 1.2, 0 ])
                        cube(size = [ outer_width, outer_width * 1.2, thickness ]);

                    translate([ outer_width - diam_r / 2, outer_width - diam_r / 2, 0 ])
                        cylinder(h = thickness, r = diam_r / 2);
                }
            }

            translate([ -pocket_width / 2 - tolerance, -outer_width * 1.5, -1 ])
                cube(size = [ pocket_width + tolerance * 2, outer_width * 1.5, 5 ]);
        }

        //cutout
        difference()
        {
            translate([ 0, (circle_diam / 2 - protrude_len + tolerance), arc_thickness / 2 ])
            {
                cylinder(h = arc_thickness,
                         r = circle_diam / 2,
                         center = true,
                         $fn = fn);
            }
            translate([ -circle_diam / 2, 1, -thickness / 2 ])
            {
                cube(size = [ circle_diam, circle_diam, thickness * 2 ]);
            }
        }
    }
}

// tolerance difference
if (tolerance_preview == true)
{
    #translate([0,0,2])
    template(tolerance=0.0, diam_l = corner_radius_l * 2, diam_r = corner_radius_r * 2);
}

template(tolerance = tol, diam_l = corner_radius_l * 2, diam_r = corner_radius_r * 2);

```


[User]
I'd like to design a monitor stand using OpenSCAD, and I'd like it to be parametric. The stand should have a main body with a rectangular slot for a piece of wood, and it should have legs on the bottom. The design should be flexible so I can change the dimensions.

Here are the key parameters I'm thinking of:

*   **Stand Dimensions:**
    *   `stand_width`: Width of the overall stand.
    *   `stand_height`: Height of the overall stand.
    *   `stand_depth`: Depth of the overall stand.
*   **Wood Slot Dimensions:**
    *   `slot_width`: Width of the slot for the wood.
    *   `slot_height`: Height of the slot for the wood.
*   **Bottom Leg Dimensions:**
    *   `leg_width`: Width of each leg.
    *   `leg_height`: Height of each leg.
    *   `leg_padding`: Distance the leg extends inward from the stand edges before rising
*   **Slot Margin:**
    *   `slot_margin_top`: Distance between the top edge of the stand and the top edge of the slot.
*   **Radius:**
    *   `corner_radius`: Radius of the rounded corners

I'd like to define the base of the stand using a series of points that are then joined by straight lines.  The base points will start at [0,0], then continue to the bottom of the two legs, then move up to the top of the two legs, then move horizontally across to the other leg points, and then finish by going to the two upper corners of the stand.  After defining the polygon using these points, the corners should be filleted to a given radius (`corner_radius`). After this, the entire shape is linearly extruded.

I also need a way to cut out the wood slot, which I'd like to be centered horizontally.

Could you please provide me with the OpenSCAD code for this? I don't need any external libraries for this simple design.

[Assistant]
monitor_stand_rmx.scad:
```
// monitor_stand_rmx (c) by tangerine__
// monitor_stand_rmx is licensed under a
// Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
// You should have received a copy of the license along with this
// work. If not, see <http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/>.

/* [Monitor stand dimensions] */
//Width of the stand
stand_width=180;
//Height of the stand
stand_height=60;
//Depth of the stand
stand_depth=20;

/* [Wood slot dimensions] */
// Width of the slot
slot_width=172;
// Height of the slot
slot_height=16;

/* [Bottom legs dimensions] */
//Width of the bottom legs
leg_width=30;
//Height of the bottom legs
leg_height=25;
//Leg padding
leg_padding = 20;

/* [Slot margins] */
//Slot margin from stand top
slot_margin_top = 5;//[2:10]

/* [Radius] */
//Corner radius
corner_radius = 4;

/* Dimensions check */
assert(slot_width < stand_width, "Slot cannot be larger than stand");
assert(slot_height < (stand_height / 2), "Slot cannot be higher than stand");
assert(leg_width < (stand_width / 2) - 20, "Leg is too large");
assert(leg_width >= 10, "Leg is too small");
assert(leg_height < (stand_height / 2), "Leg is too tall");
assert(leg_height >=10, "Leg is too short");

base_points = [
    [0, 0],
    [leg_width, 0],
    [leg_width + leg_padding, leg_height],
    [stand_width - leg_width - leg_padding, leg_height],
    [stand_width - leg_width, 0],
    [stand_width, 0],
    [stand_width, stand_height],
    [0, stand_height],
];

module smooth(r=corner_radius)
{
    $fn=60;
    offset(r=r)
    offset(r=-r)
    children();
}

module fillet(r=corner_radius)
{
    $fn=60;
    offset(r=-r)
    offset(r=r)
    children();
}

module stand_base()
{
    color("DarkSlateGray")
    linear_extrude(height=stand_depth, center=false, convexity=10, twist=0, slices=10, scale=1.0)
    smooth()
    fillet()
    polygon(base_points);
}

module wood_slot()
{
    color("DarkTurquoise")
    translate([(stand_width - slot_width) / 2, stand_height - slot_height - slot_margin_top, 0])
    cube([slot_width, slot_height, stand_depth], center=false);
}

difference()
{
    stand_base();
    wood_slot();
}

```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to create a customizable cable grommet system in OpenSCAD, and I'd like your help designing it. I've seen some designs out there, but I want one that's very flexible and easy to adjust to different situations.

Basically, the grommet needs to have three main parts: a grommet base, a snap ring to hold it in place, and an internal plug with a hole for the cable to pass through. I need to be able to adjust a few key things:

*   **Gap Size:** The thickness of the material the grommet will be used on. This will determine the height of the main grommet part. I need to be able to specify this in millimeters (mm).
*   **Grommet Bore Diameter:** This is the outer diameter of the hole that the grommet sits in, again in mm. The inner diameter of the grommet should be the size of this hole minus two times the wall thickness.
*   **Wall Thickness:** The thickness of the grommet walls, in mm.
*   **Flange Width:** The width of the flange at the base of the grommet, in mm.
*   **Plug Hole Type:** This is how the hole through the plug is shaped. It needs to be selectable between none, cylinder or rectangle.
*   **Cylinder Plug Hole Diameter:** If a cylinder plug hole type is selected, this sets the diameter in mm.
*   **Rectangle Plug Hole Width and Height:** If a rectangle plug hole is selected, this sets the width and height in mm.

I also want it to be easy to snap the ring on and off. I like the idea of adding some slits in the wall of the grommet to make this easier to achieve. Also, I need a snap-fit joint between the plug and the grommet.

I'm thinking the best approach would be for you to generate a few `.scad` files for me:

1.  A main `.scad` file with all the parameters defined and the main modules for the grommet, the snap, and the plug.
2.  (Optional) If you think it will help to have multiple files for the modules or for commonly used functions, feel free to include them. I'd prefer to have the base design and all parameters in one file but don't feel limited if you believe there's a better approach.

I think it would be best to use standard OpenSCAD functions and keep the design relatively simple, but if you think any specific libraries would make the job easier then I would be open to using them, so long as I can install them through the OpenSCAD library manager. I’m not using any libraries right now, so I’m open to using MCAD or BOSL if needed, or maybe BOSL2.

Let me know what you think, and if you need more information, I'm happy to provide it.

[Assistant]
CableGrommet-v5.4-customizer.scad:
```
// Snap Assembly Cable Grommet, August 2019
// Federico Hatoum
// adapted from design by Randy Ohman, aka TallTeacherGuy aka JSTEM...January 2018

// VERSION: 5.4

// Unlike the grommet by Randy Ohman, which was designed to be tough and hold pieces of
// tarp together, this grommet is meant to allow running a cable through it.
// There are three parts to a grommet set:
// 1. Grommet
// 2. Snap
// 3. Cable passthrough plug (gasket)

// gapSize affects the height of the grommet. It's the space between the grommet and the snap:
// typical gap sizes:
// 0 mm: for plastic or thin cloth
// 1 mm: for the screen of a screen door, or thin metal
// 5 mm: for a piece of glass (ex: terrarium)

/* [Main] */

// Gap between grommet and snap (thickness of material the grommet will go through)
gapSize=1; // [0:20]

// Outer diameter of main bore (mm)
grommetBoreDiameter=40; // [10:50]
// Thickness of wall around main bore (mm)
wallThickness=2; // [1:4]
// Width of flange at Grommet base (mm)
flangeWidth=5; // [3:10]
// Plug Hole Type
plugHoleType = "cylinder"; // [none, rectangle, cylinder]

/* [Cylindrical Plug Hole] */

// Cylindrical Plug Hole Diameter (mm)
plugCylinderDiameter = 20; // [4:40]

/* [Rectangular Plug Hole] */

// Rectangular Plug Hole width (mm)
plugRectangleWidth = 6; // [1:10]
// Rectangular Plug Hole height (mm)
plugRectangleHeight = 2; // [1.0:5.0]

/* [Hidden] */

snapH=8;     // full height of snap // leave at 8
// grommet height
grommetH=snapH + gapSize; // grommet height is dependant on snap height and requested gap size

// Radius of main bore (mm)
grommetInnerR=(grommetBoreDiameter - (wallThickness * 2)) / 2;

// radius of the snap flange (mm)
flangeRad=grommetInnerR + wallThickness + flangeWidth;
// length of grommet slits (mm)
grommetSlitL = grommetInnerR + (wallThickness * 1.4);
// width of grommet slits (mm)
grommetSlitT = 1.2;

// fit flange: rotate extrude a right triangle on
// inside base of grommet and outside base of plug
// height of fit flange
fitFlangeH=2; // don't change
// width of fit flange
fitflangeWidth=2; // don't change
// clearance for fit flange
fitFlangeClearance=0.05;

// thickness of flanges around pieces (grommet, snap and plug) (mm)
flangeT=2; // don't change

// variables for snap
clear = 0.7; // "magic" clearance value used for snap // don't change
snapwall = 1.5 * wallThickness;
snaphght = snapH - flangeT;
torrad = .6 * wallThickness;

// variables for plug
plugHoleTypes = ["none","rectangle","cylinder"];
plugH = grommetH + flangeT;
plugclear = 0.1; // tolerance factor for plug
plugSlitL = (grommetInnerR * 2) + (wallThickness * 2); // length of plug slit (mm)
plugSlitT = 0.2; // thickness/height of plug slit (mm)

plugCylRad = plugCylinderDiameter / 2;

// This shouldn't matter...but if you change the order of the module calls below, it causes the generation of STL
// files which look fine until you slice them, and then parts of the structures go missing.
plug();
grommet();
snap();

module grommet(){

    difference(){

        union() {
            // grommet main bore
            difference(){
                // we move up the "cursor" the thickness of the flange
                translate([0,0,flangeT])
                // We substract a smaller cylinder from a larger one, leaving a tube with a wall
                // thickness of wallThickness
                cylinder(h=grommetH-flangeT,r=wallThickness+grommetInnerR,$fn=360);
                cylinder(h=grommetH+flangeT,r=grommetInnerR,$fn=360);

            }

            // adding the outer flange and inner fit flange around base of grommet
            difference(){
                // outer flange
                cylinder(h=flangeT,r=flangeRad, $fn=360);
                // next cylinder is subtracted from the larger cylinder that forms the flange
                cylinder(h=flangeT, r=wallThickness+grommetInnerR-fitflangeWidth, $fn=360);

                // inner fit flange
                rotate_extrude(convexity=10, $fn=360)
                translate([grommetInnerR - fitFlangeClearance, 0, 0])
                polygon([[0,0], [0,fitFlangeH + fitFlangeClearance], [fitflangeWidth + fitFlangeClearance,0]]);
            }

            // toroid at top of grommet for snap action
            translate([0,0,grommetH])
            rotate_extrude(convexity = 10, $fn = 100)
            translate([wallThickness + grommetInnerR - 0.4 * torrad, 0, 0])
            circle(r = torrad, $fn = 100);
        }

        // 5 slits in side of grommet walls to make it easier to apply snap,
        // specially useful with rigid filaments
        translate([0,0,flangeT]) {
            for(i=[0:4]){
                rotate([0,0,i*72]) {
                    cube([grommetSlitL, grommetSlitT, grommetH + wallThickness * 0.1]);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

module snap(){
    translate([2.25*flangeRad,0,0]){

        //snap main cylinder
        difference(){
            cylinder(h=0.55 * snapH,r=wallThickness + grommetInnerR + (0.3 * torrad) + (1.5 * wallThickness),$fn=100);
            cylinder(h=0.55 * snapH,r=wallThickness + grommetInnerR + clear,$fn=100);
        }

        //adding the flange
        difference(){
            cylinder(h=flangeT,r=flangeRad,$fn=360);
            cylinder(h=flangeT,r=wallThickness+grommetInnerR+.3*torrad+1.5*wallThickness,$fn=360);
        }

        //toroid on snap for snap action
        translate([0,0,0.5 * snapH])
        rotate_extrude(convexity = 10, $fn = 100)
        translate([wallThickness + grommetInnerR + (1.2 * torrad), 0, 0])
        circle(r = torrad, $fn = 100);
    }
}

module plug(){

    // move over entire plug so that it doesn't overlap with other pieces
    translate([4.5*flangeRad,0,0]) {

        difference() {
            union() {
                //plug main cylinder
                cylinder(h=plugH,r=grommetInnerR - plugclear, $fn=100);

                //adding the fit flange at bottom of plug
                rotate_extrude(convexity=10, $fn=100)
                translate([grommetInnerR - plugclear, 0, 0])
                polygon([[0,0], [0,fitFlangeH], [fitflangeWidth,0]]);

                //toroid on plug for snap action
                translate([0,0,plugH])
                rotate_extrude(convexity = 10, $fn = 100)
                translate([wallThickness + grommetInnerR - 2.2 * torrad, 0, 0])
                circle(r = (torrad * 0.8), $fn = 100);
            }

            // only add slit for plugs with rectangular and cylindrical holes
            if (plugHoleType != plugHoleTypes[0]) {

                if (plugHoleType == plugHoleTypes[1]) {
                    //cable passthrough rectangle
                    translate([0, 0, plugH/2]) {
                        cube([plugRectangleWidth, plugRectangleHeight, plugH], true);
                    }
                } else if (plugHoleType == plugHoleTypes[2]) {
                    translate([0, 0, 0]) {
                        cylinder(h=plugH, r=plugCylRad);
                    }
                }

                //slit through one side of plug
                translate([0, 0, plugH/2]) {
                    cube([plugSlitL, plugSlitT, plugH * 2], true);
                }
            }
        }

    }
}

```


[User]
I'd like to create a customizable measuring cylinder with a few specific features. It should have a main cylindrical body, a spout or "beak", a handle, and a base stand. The cylinder should also have measurement ticks both on the inside and outside of the cylinder.

Here's a breakdown of the parameters I'd like to control:

**General Dimensions:**

*   `volume`: The total volume of the cylinder in milliliters (ml). This should be a range, like 10 to 2000 ml.
*   `radius`: The radius of the cylinder's main body in millimeters (mm). Let's say 5-75mm range.
*   `thickness`: The thickness of the cylinder's wall in mm (range 0.5 to 5mm, step of 0.1mm).

**Beak/Spout:**

*   `beak_length`: The length of the spout in mm (5-50mm range).
*   `beak_angle`: The angle of the spout, given as a portion of a full circle, range 1 to 45 degrees, step of 0.1.

**Stand/Base:**

*   `stand`: How much the stand radius extends beyond the cylinder's radius (0-30mm range).
*   `stand_heigth`: The height of the stand in mm (0-30mm range), set to zero for no stand.

**Tick Marks and Labeling:**

*   `font_size`: The size of the font used for the tick labels in mm (2-10mm range, step of 0.1mm).
*   `scale_thickness`: The thickness of the lines for the scale in mm (0.5-3mm range, step of 0.05mm).
*   `scale_maxangle`: The maximum angle that the tick marks are allowed to reach. This is probably a range of 10 to 90 degrees.
*   `units`:  The units of measurement to be displayed as a comma separated list - "ml" as an example.
*   `conversion_factor`:  Conversion factor for the smallest increment of volume, this should be a list, for example `[1]`.
*   `tick_relations`: A list of lists specifying the relationship between ticks and volume - `[[ 1, 5, 2, 5, 2 ]]`
*   `tick_representing_unit`: List of indexes specifying which tick represents the measurement unit - `[-1]`, for example.
*   `tick_labels_start_at`: A list of indexes specifying the first tick that should be labeled. For example, `[2]`.

**Handle:**

*   `handle_thickness`: Thickness of the handle in mm (5-20mm range, step of 0.1).
*   `handle_distance`:  Distance of the handle from the side of the cylinder in mm (10-50mm range)
*   `handle_size`: A factor on how high on the cylinder the handle should start/end (0.3-1 range, step of 0.01).
*   `handle_angle`: The angle of the handle from the side of the cylinder (30-90 degrees).

It should generate OpenSCAD code. No external libraries are needed for this design. I think that covers everything! Let me know if you have any questions.

[Assistant]
measuring_cylinder_v3.scad:
```
/* [dimensions] */
// Volume in ml
volume = 100; // [10:2000]
// Radius in mm, when changing it it may be necessary to adjust the tick labels or distances
radius = 18; // [5:75]
// Shell Thickness in mm
thickness = 1.6; // [0.5:0.1:5]
// Length of the beak in  mm
beak_length = 15; // [5:50]
// Broadness of the beak as angle of the whole circle
beak_angle = 45; // [1:0.1:45]
// Radius that is added to the base radius for the stand
stand = 20; // [0:30]
// Height of the stand in mm, set to 0 to remove
stand_heigth = 0; // [0:30]
// Font size in mm
font_size = 5; // [2:0.1:10]
// Scale Thickness in mm
scale_thickness = 1; // [0.5:0.05:3]
// Maximum angle for the tick representing the biggest number
scale_maxangle = 45; // [10:90]

handle_thickness = 10; // [5:0.1:20]
handle_distance = 20;  // [10:50]
handle_size = 0.5;     // [0.3:0.01:1]
handle_angle = 60;     // [30:90]

/* [measurement units] */
// Names of used units, separated by comma
units = "ml";
// Conversion factor for the smallest increment of volume
conversion_factor = [1];
// relation between the volume represented by a tick and the next one
tick_relations = [[ 1, 5, 2, 5, 2 ]];
// which of the ticks represent the unit, counting from 0, -1 if it is the base conversion factor
tick_representing_unit = [-1];
// the first tick that gets labeled, counting from 0
tick_labels_start_at = [2];

$fn = 100 * 1;
circle_area = pow(radius - thickness, 2) * PI;
height = volume * 1000 / circle_area;
splitunits = split(units);

beak_full_length = beak_length + thickness + radius * sin(beak_angle) / 2;
beak_diameter1 = radius * sin(beak_angle) * 2 + thickness * 2;
beak_diameter2 = thickness * (2 + beak_diameter1 / beak_full_length);
beak_position = -sqrt(pow(radius, 2) - pow(beak_diameter1 / 2, 2));
total_height = height +
               max(font_size * 1.5,
                   beak_diameter1 / 2 - (radius + beak_position) *
                                            (beak_diameter1 - beak_diameter2) /
                                            (2 * beak_full_length)) +
               scale_thickness * 1.5 + thickness;

translate([ 0, 0, stand_heigth ])
{
    difference()
    {
        union()
        {
            cylinder(r = radius, h = total_height);
            translate([ beak_position, 0, total_height ]) beak();
            handle();
        }
        translate([ 0, 0, thickness ])
            cylinder(r = radius - thickness, h = total_height);
        translate([ beak_position + thickness, 0, total_height - 0.01 ])
            rotate([ 0, -90, 0 ]) cylinder(
                d1 = beak_diameter1 -
                     thickness * (1 + beak_diameter1 / beak_full_length),
                d2 = thickness,
                h = beak_full_length + thickness + 0.02);
    }
    ticks();
}
stand();

module
ticks()
{
    for (u = [0:len(splitunits) - 1]) {
        ticks = tick_relations[u];
        unit_divisor = multipy_elements(ticks, tick_representing_unit[u]);
        rotate(360 * u / len(splitunits) + 180)
        {
            for (i = [1:volume / (conversion_factor[u] * ticks[0])]) {
                tick_volume = i * conversion_factor[u] * ticks[0];
                biggest_modulo = get_biggest_modulo(i, ticks, 1);
                tick_pos_z = tick_volume * 1000 / circle_area;
                translate([ 0, 0, tick_pos_z + thickness ])
                    tick(len(ticks), biggest_modulo + 1);
                if (biggest_modulo >= tick_labels_start_at[u]) {
                    translate([ 0, 0, tick_pos_z + thickness - font_size / 2 ])
                        textOnCylinder(str(
                            round(i * ticks[0] * 1000 / unit_divisor) / 1000));
                }
            }
            translate([ 0, 0, height + scale_thickness + font_size / 2 ])
                rotate(-scale_maxangle / 2 -
                       font_size / radius * 30 * len(splitunits[u]))
                    textOnCylinder(splitunits[u]);
        }
    }
}

module tick(max_mod, biggest_modulo)
{
    intersection()
    {
        union()
        {
            difference()
            {
                union()
                {
                    translate([ 0, 0, -scale_thickness / 2 ])
                        cylinder(r1 = radius,
                                 r2 = radius + scale_thickness,
                                 h = scale_thickness / 2);
                    cylinder(r1 = radius + scale_thickness,
                             r2 = radius,
                             h = scale_thickness / 2);
                }
                cylinder(r = radius - thickness / 2,
                         h = scale_thickness + 0.1,
                         center = true);
            }
            difference()
            {
                union()
                {
                    difference()
                    {
                        translate([ 0, 0, -scale_thickness / 2 + 0.01 ])
                            cylinder(r = radius - thickness,
                                     h = scale_thickness - 0.02);
                        union()
                        {
                            translate([ 0, 0, -scale_thickness / 2 ]) cylinder(
                                r1 = radius - thickness,
                                r2 = radius - thickness - scale_thickness,
                                h = scale_thickness / 2);
                            cylinder(r1 = radius - thickness - scale_thickness,
                                     r2 = radius - thickness,
                                     h = scale_thickness / 2);
                        }
                    }
                }
                cylinder(r = radius - thickness - scale_thickness,
                         h = scale_thickness + 0.1,
                         center = true);
            }
        }
        x = sin(scale_maxangle * biggest_modulo / max_mod) * radius +
            scale_thickness;
        y = cos(scale_maxangle * biggest_modulo / max_mod) * radius +
            scale_thickness;
        linear_extrude(scale_thickness + 0.1, center = true) polygon(points = [
            [ 0, 0 ],
            [ 0, radius + scale_thickness ],
            [ x / 2, (radius + scale_thickness + y) / 2 ] * 2,
            [ x, y ]
        ]);
    }
}

module textOnCylinder(t)
{
    for (l = [0:len(t) - 1]) {
        rotate([ 0, 0, font_size / radius * l * 60 + font_size * 2 ])
            translate([ font_size / 2, radius - thickness / 2, 0 ])
                rotate([ 90, 0, 180 ])
                    linear_extrude(scale_thickness + thickness / 2)
                        text(t[l], size = font_size);

        rotate([
            0,
            0,
            180 + font_size / (radius - thickness) * l * 60 + font_size * 2
        ]) translate([ font_size / 2, -radius + thickness * 0.5, 0 ])
            rotate([ 90, 0, 180 ])
                linear_extrude(scale_thickness + thickness / 2)
                    text(t[len(t) - l - 1], size = font_size);
    }
}

module
beak()
{
    rotate([ 0, -90, 0 ]) difference()
    {
        cylinder(
            d1 = beak_diameter1, d2 = beak_diameter2, h = beak_full_length);
        translate([ 0, -beak_diameter1 / 2 - 1, -1 ])
            cube([ beak_diameter1, beak_diameter1 + 2, beak_full_length + 2 ]);
    }
}

module
stand()
{
    difference()
    {
        cylinder(h = stand_heigth, r1 = radius + stand, r2 = radius);
        translate([ 0, 0, -0.01 ]) cylinder(
            h = stand_heigth - thickness,
            r1 = radius + stand -
                 (1 + stand / (2 * (stand_heigth + thickness))) * thickness,
            r2 = radius -
                 (1 + stand / (2 * (stand_heigth + thickness))) * thickness);
    }
}

module
handle()
{
    a = handle_distance / tan(handle_angle);
    l = handle_distance * cos(handle_angle);
    translate([
        radius + handle_distance,
        0,
        (total_height - height * handle_size) / 2 +
        a
    ])
    {
        cylinder(d = handle_thickness, h = height * handle_size - 2 * a);
        rotate([ 0, 180 + handle_angle, 0 ])
            cylinder(d = handle_thickness, h = handle_distance + l);
        sphere(r = handle_thickness / 2);
        translate([ 0, 0, height * handle_size - 2 * a ])
        {
            rotate([ 0, -handle_angle, 0 ])
                cylinder(d = handle_thickness, h = handle_distance + l);
            sphere(r = handle_thickness / 2);
        }
    }
}

function get_biggest_modulo(number, vector, startindex) =
    number % vector[startindex] == 0
        ? (startindex >= (len(vector) - 1)
               ? startindex
               : get_biggest_modulo(number / vector[startindex],
                                    vector,
                                    startindex + 1))
        : startindex - 1;

function multipy_elements(vector, endindex) =
    endindex < 0 ? 1
                 : vector[endindex] * multipy_elements(vector, endindex - 1);

function split(string) = let(
    positions = concat([-1], search(",", string, 0)[0], [len(string)]))[for (
    i = [0:len(positions) -
           2])[for (j = [positions[i] + 1:positions[i + 1] - 1]) string[j]]];
```