[User]
Okay, I'm looking to design a pair of glasses that can use fluid-filled lenses for self-adjustment. I've been doing some research and have a pretty good idea of what I need, but I could really use some help putting it all together in OpenSCAD.

Here's the basic concept: The glasses will have two circular lenses, connected by a nose bridge, and have arms that attach to the sides of the lenses. I need the lens diameter, pupillary distance (distance between the centers of the lenses), nose bridge length, and head width to be adjustable parameters so people can customize it for their face. I'm not looking for them to be super stylish, I just need them to work.

I was planning on using a syringe to adjust the fluid in the lens, so I need to make sure that there's a hole for the syringe in the design somewhere near each lens. I think it should go on the outside, near where the arms attach.

I also need to design a hinge that attaches the arms to the lens frame. It should include a pin for rotation. I'm thinking a simple box-like hinge with a cylindrical pin should do the trick. There should also be a way to secure it. I also need the arms to hold a tube and slider to allow for the glasses to be adjustable. These tubes should have some way to hold them onto the frames.

The lenses themselves should be recessed into the frame, so there should be a lip around the circular area where the lens would sit.

Could you create some OpenSCAD files for this project? It'd be great if you could generate everything parametrically, so I can easily change the dimensions later. I'd like a separate file for the main glasses frame, and another for the arms. I don't think I'll need anything else, but you know, let me know if you think I'm missing anything. I was thinking of calling the glasses frame file `Self_Adjusting_Glasses.scad` and the other `Glasses_stem.scad`, but if you think something else would be better then go for it!

For libraries, I don't think I'll need too much for this simple design but the `BOSL2` library would be very helpful. It's got a lot of cool functions to make parametric design a little easier.

[Assistant]
Self_Adjusting_Glasses_for_thingiverse.scad:
```
//What is the diameter of the lenses you will be using?
Lens_Diameter=48.5; // [40:60]
//What is your pupillary distance?
Pupil_to_Pupil=70; // [30:90]

//What is the size of your nose bridge?
Nose_Bridge_Length=20; // [10:40]
//What is the width of your head?
Head_Width=151; // [50:200]

/* [Hidden] */
Syringe_Tube_Diameter=4.5;
Stem_Width=5;
Stem_Thickness=3;
Hinge_Pin_Diameter=1.75;
Hinge_Width=6;
Hinge_Length=5;
Hinge_Thickness=5;
Res=50;
Frame_Thickness=5;

//*******************************************************//
//***************        Glasses         ****************//
//*******************************************************//

module Glasses();
{
		translate([(Pupil_to_Pupil)/-2,0,0])
		Lens_Right();

		mirror([1,0,0])
		translate([(Pupil_to_Pupil)/-2,0,0])
		Lens_Right();
		Nose_Piece();
}

//*******************************************************//
//***************       Nose Piece       ****************//
//*******************************************************//
module Nose_Piece(){
difference(){
translate([0,0,Frame_Thickness/2])
			rotate_extrude(convexity = 10, $fn = 50)
				translate([(Nose_Bridge_Length+Frame_Thickness)/2, 0, 0])
					circle(r = Frame_Thickness/2, $fn = 50);

		translate([0,Lens_Diameter/2,0])
			cylinder(h = Frame_Thickness, r= ((Pupil_to_Pupil+Nose_Bridge_Length)/2)/1.5);

translate([(Pupil_to_Pupil)/2,0,0])
		cylinder(h = Frame_Thickness, r = (Lens_Diameter/2));

	translate([(Pupil_to_Pupil)/-2,0,0])
		cylinder(h = Frame_Thickness, r = Lens_Diameter/2);

}
}

//*******************************************************//
//***************       Right Lens       ****************//
//*******************************************************//

module Lens_Right()
{
difference()
	{

	union()
		{
		cylinder(h = Frame_Thickness,r = (Lens_Diameter/2)+(Frame_Thickness/2));

		translate([0,0,Frame_Thickness/2])
			rotate_extrude(convexity = 10, $fn = 50)
				translate([(Lens_Diameter+Frame_Thickness)/2, 0, 0])
					circle(r = Frame_Thickness/2, $fn = 50);
		hinge();
		}

	translate([0,0,1])
		cylinder(h = Frame_Thickness,r = Lens_Diameter/2, $fn=100);

	translate([0,0,-1])
		cylinder(h = Frame_Thickness+2,r = (Lens_Diameter/2)-1, $fn=100);

	translate([-Lens_Diameter/2-Frame_Thickness-6,Hinge_Width+1,Frame_Thickness/2])
	rotate([0,90,0]) //Syringe Pump Hole
		cylinder(h = Frame_Thickness+10,r= Syringe_Tube_Diameter/2, $fn=Res);

	}
	styling();
}

module styling()
{
difference()
	{
	translate([-Lens_Diameter/2,0,2.5])
	hull()
		{
		translate([-3, -Lens_Diameter/2,0])
		sphere(r = Frame_Thickness/2, $fn = 50);

		translate([20, -Lens_Diameter/2-2,0])
		sphere(r = Frame_Thickness/2, $fn = 50);

		translate([-2, -Lens_Diameter/2+20,0])
		sphere(r = Frame_Thickness/2, $fn = 50);

		translate([-8, -Lens_Diameter/3,0])
		sphere(r = Frame_Thickness/2, $fn = 50);

		translate([-2, Lens_Diameter/3+4,0])
		sphere(r = Frame_Thickness/2, $fn = 50);

		translate([20, Lens_Diameter/3+10,0])
		sphere(r = Frame_Thickness/2, $fn = 50);
		}
	translate([0,0,-.5])
	cylinder(h = Frame_Thickness+2,r = (Lens_Diameter/2)+(Frame_Thickness/2));

translate([-Lens_Diameter/2-Frame_Thickness-6,Hinge_Width+1,Frame_Thickness/2])
	rotate([0,90,0]) //Syringe Pump Hole
		cylinder(h = Frame_Thickness+10,r= Syringe_Tube_Diameter/2, $fn=Res);
}}

module hinge()
{
translate([(Lens_Diameter+Frame_Thickness+1)/-2,
			(-Lens_Diameter/2+Frame_Thickness*2)+Hinge_Width/3-.5,
			Frame_Thickness/2])
union(){
intersection()
{

			cube([(Head_Width-(Pupil_to_Pupil+Lens_Diameter)-Frame_Thickness*2),
				Stem_Width+6,
				Frame_Thickness], center = true);

	translate([-4.15,0,5])
			rotate([90,0,0])
			cylinder(r=8, h=Stem_Width+6, center=true, $fn=100);
}

	translate([-10.75,.5,Frame_Thickness/2])

	difference()
		{
		translate([-1,-6,0])
			cube([10,Stem_Width+6,6]);

		translate([1,-3.5,0])
			cube([12,Hinge_Width,6.1]);

		translate([-Hinge_Thickness/2+6.2,Hinge_Width+5,Hinge_Thickness/2+0.5])
		rotate([90,0,0])
			cylinder(h = Hinge_Width*4, r = Hinge_Pin_Diameter/2, $fn=50);
		}
}

}
```
Glasses_stem.scad:
```
Stem_Length=100;
Stem_Width=5;
Stem_Thickness=3;
Stem_Curve_Length=30;
Hinge_Pin_Diameter=1.75;
Hinge_Width=6;
Hinge_Length=5;
Hinge_Thickness=5;
Slider_Thickness=4;
Tube_Diameter=11;
Tube_Inner_Diameter=8;
Tube_Compressed_Thickness=1.2;
Tube_Compressed_Width=18;
Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness=3;
Outlet_Tube_Inner_Diameter=3;
$fn=50;

//Plug();

//End_Cap();

//Slider();

Stem();

//Tube_Holder();

module Complete_Syringe(){
translate([30,(Tube_Diameter/3+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness),(Tube_Diameter/3+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness)])
rotate([90,0,90])
Slider();

translate([0,(Tube_Diameter/3+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness),(Tube_Diameter/3+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness)])
rotate([90,0,90])
End_Thing();

translate([0,Tube_Diameter/2+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness-2,Tube_Diameter/2+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness-2])rotate([0,0,90])Tube_Holder();

}

module End_Stop_Plug(){

difference(){

	union(){

		cylinder(2.5, Tube_Inner_Diameter/2+.5, Tube_Inner_Diameter/2+1);

		translate([0,0,2.5])
			cylinder(2.5, Tube_Inner_Diameter/2+.5, Tube_Inner_Diameter/2+1);
	}

	translate([Tube_Inner_Diameter/2+1,0,-1])
		cylinder(7, 1.5, 1.5);

	translate([Tube_Inner_Diameter/-2-1,0,-1])
		cylinder(7, 1.5, 1.5);

}

}
module End_Cap(){

difference(){

	cylinder(5, Tube_Diameter/2+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness*2, Tube_Diameter/2+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness*2);

	difference(){

		translate([0,0,-1])
			cylinder(7, Tube_Diameter/2+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness, Tube_Diameter/2+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness);

		hull(){

			translate([0,(Tube_Compressed_Thickness/-2+-Slider_Thickness)+Tube_Diameter,(Tube_Diameter+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness*2+2)/-2])
				cylinder(Tube_Diameter+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness*2+2, Tube_Compressed_Thickness/2+Slider_Thickness-.5, Tube_Compressed_Thickness/2+Slider_Thickness-.5);

			translate([0,(Tube_Compressed_Thickness/2+Slider_Thickness)-Tube_Diameter,(Tube_Diameter+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness*2+2)/-2])

				cylinder(Tube_Diameter+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness*2+2-.5, Tube_Compressed_Thickness/2+Slider_Thickness, Tube_Compressed_Thickness/2+Slider_Thickness-.5);

		}

	}

	translate([0,0,-1])
		cylinder(7,Tube_Diameter/2+1, Tube_Diameter/2+1);

}

	translate([0,0,3])
		rotate([0,0,0])
			rotate_extrude(convexity = 10)
				translate([Tube_Diameter/2+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness, 0, 0])
					circle(r = .5, $fn = 100);

}

module Plug(){

difference(){

	union(){

		cylinder(2.5, Tube_Inner_Diameter/2+.5, Tube_Inner_Diameter/2+1.25);

		translate([0,0,2.5])
			cylinder(2.5, Tube_Inner_Diameter/2+.5, Tube_Inner_Diameter/2+1.25);

		translate([0,0,5])
			cylinder(2.5, Outlet_Tube_Inner_Diameter/2+1, Outlet_Tube_Inner_Diameter/2+.5);

		translate([0,0,7.5])
			cylinder(2.5, Outlet_Tube_Inner_Diameter/2+1, Outlet_Tube_Inner_Diameter/2+.5);

}

	translate([0,0,-1])
		cylinder(12,Outlet_Tube_Inner_Diameter/2-.5,Outlet_Tube_Inner_Diameter/2-.5);

	translate([0,0,-1])
		cylinder(6, Tube_Inner_Diameter/2-.5, Outlet_Tube_Inner_Diameter/2-.5);

}
}

module Slider()
{
scale([1.05,1.05,1])
difference()
	{

	cylinder(h = Slider_Thickness, r = Tube_Diameter/2+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness+Slider_Thickness);

	translate([0,0,-1])
		cylinder(h = Slider_Thickness+2, r = Tube_Diameter/2+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness);
	}

hull()
	{

	translate([Tube_Compressed_Thickness+Slider_Thickness/4,
				 Tube_Diameter/2+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness+1,
				 Slider_Thickness/4])
		rotate([90,0,0])
			cylinder(h = Tube_Diameter+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness*2+2, r = Slider_Thickness/4);

	translate([Tube_Compressed_Thickness+Slider_Thickness/4,
				 Tube_Diameter/2+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness+1,
				 Slider_Thickness-(Slider_Thickness/4)])
		rotate([90,0,0])
			cylinder(h = Tube_Diameter+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness*2+2, r = Slider_Thickness/4);
	}

hull()
	{
	translate([-Tube_Compressed_Thickness+Slider_Thickness/-4,
				 Tube_Diameter/2+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness+1,
				 Slider_Thickness/4])
		rotate([90,0,0])
			cylinder(h = Tube_Diameter+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness*2+2, r = Slider_Thickness/4);

	translate([-Tube_Compressed_Thickness+Slider_Thickness/-4,
				 Tube_Diameter/2+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness+1,
				 Slider_Thickness-(Slider_Thickness/4)])
		rotate([90,0,0])
			cylinder(h = Tube_Diameter+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness*2+2, r = Slider_Thickness/4);
	}

}

module Tube_Holder(){

difference(){

	rotate([90,0,0])
		cylinder(Stem_Length, Tube_Diameter/2+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness, Tube_Diameter/2+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness);

	translate([0,1,0])
		rotate([90,0,0])
			cylinder(Stem_Length+2, Tube_Diameter/2, Tube_Diameter/2);

	translate([0,1,0])
		rotate([90,0,0])
			cylinder(h = 6, r = Tube_Diameter/2+.5);

	translate([0, Stem_Length/-2,(Tube_Diameter+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness*2)/-1+2])
		cube([ Tube_Diameter+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness*2+2,
				Stem_Length+2,
				Tube_Diameter+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness*2],
				center = true);

	hull(){

		translate([0,0,(Tube_Diameter+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness*2+2)/-2])
			cylinder( h = Tube_Diameter+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness*2+2,
						r = Tube_Compressed_Thickness/2+Slider_Thickness);

		translate([0,
					(Tube_Compressed_Thickness/2+Slider_Thickness)-Stem_Length+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness,						(Tube_Diameter+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness*2+2)/-2])
			cylinder( h = Tube_Diameter+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness*2+2,
						r = Tube_Compressed_Thickness/2+Slider_Thickness);
			}

	translate([0,-3,0])
		rotate([90,0,0])
			rotate_extrude(convexity = 10)
				translate([Tube_Diameter/2+Tube_Holder_Wall_Thickness, 0, 0])
					circle(r = 1, $fn = 100);

}

}

module Stem()
{
hull()
{
translate([0,3,2.5])
rotate([0,90,0])
cylinder(h = Stem_Width, r = Hinge_Thickness/2);
translate([Stem_Length,2.2,1.5])
rotate([0,90,0])
cylinder(h = Stem_Thickness, r = (Stem_Thickness)/2);
}
difference()
	{
hull()
		{

	translate([0,0,Hinge_Thickness/2])
		cube([Stem_Width, Hinge_Width, Hinge_Thickness], center = true);

	translate([Stem_Length,Stem_Width*2.5,0])
		cylinder(h = Stem_Thickness, r = Stem_Width*3);

	translate([Stem_Length+Stem_Curve_Length,Stem_Width*2.5+Stem_Curve_Length,0])
		cylinder(h = Stem_Thickness, r = Stem_Width);
		}

translate([0,Stem_Width,0])
hull()
		{
	translate([0,Hinge_Width/2-Stem_Width/2,(Hinge_Thickness+1)/2])
		cube([Stem_Width, Stem_Width, Hinge_Thickness+2], center = true);

	translate([Stem_Length-Stem_Width,Stem_Width*2.5,-1])
		cylinder(Stem_Thickness+2, Stem_Width*3, Stem_Width*3);

	translate([Stem_Length+Stem_Curve_Length-Stem_Width*2,Stem_Width*2.5+Stem_Curve_Length,-1])
		cylinder(Stem_Thickness+2, Stem_Width, Stem_Width);
		}
	}

difference()
	{
	union()
		{
		translate([-Hinge_Length,0,Hinge_Thickness/2])
			cube([Hinge_Length, Hinge_Width, Hinge_Thickness], center = true);

		translate([-Hinge_Length-Hinge_Thickness/2,(Hinge_Width)/2,Hinge_Thickness/2])
rotate([90,0,0])
			#cylinder(h = Hinge_Width, r = Hinge_Thickness/2);
		}

	translate([-Hinge_Length-Hinge_Thickness/2,(Hinge_Width+2)/2,Hinge_Thickness/2])
		rotate([90,0,0])
			cylinder(h = Hinge_Width+2, r = Hinge_Pin_Diameter/2);
	}

}

```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to generate a firefighter's wedge, and I want to be able to customize it a bit. I found this OpenSCAD code that's pretty close to what I want, but it's a bit messy and I'd like to generate a design that's more cleanly parameterized from the ground up.

Essentially, the wedge should be a rectangular prism with one long edge tapering to a point. I need to be able to specify the long dimension, the short dimension, and the height/thickness of the wedge.

I also need to be able to add some features. Firstly, I need to be able to engrave some text on the wedge, preferably on two of the surfaces (the top and bottom, not the tapered side.) I'd like to be able to specify the text itself, the font to use, the letter height and thickness, and character spacing. Also, I need a parameter to rotate the text. It looks like it's using a custom 'Write.scad' library and some DXF fonts for the text; can you make sure to handle that?

I need to add a hole that's perpendicular to the main faces and located near the wide end of the wedge; I need to control the hole's diameter.

Finally, I need to add some "teeth" to the bottom of the wedge, these should be small cubes that extend down from the flat bottom of the wedge. I'd like to be able to specify how "deep" these teeth should be.

To summarize:

**Base Wedge:**
*   Long dimension (L)
*   Short dimension (W)
*   Thickness (HW)

**Text Label:**
*   Text string
*   Font file (specify that `Write.scad` is required, with its font DXFs)
*   Letter height
*   Letter thickness
*   Character spacing
*   Text rotation
*   Option to center the text

**Hole:**
*   Diameter

**Teeth:**
*   Tooth depth

I think that covers everything. Let me know if you need any clarification!

[Assistant]
FF_Wedge_Evolved.scad:
```
//Parametric Firefighter Wedge By schlem
//
//"We use wedges like these to block open doors like a doorstop or at the hinge. Two wedges can be pushed together inside the frame of a sprinkler head to shut off the (copious) flow of water... Print it in a bright color so that you don't lose it on the fireground."
//
//After http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:43931 by schlem
//
//User defined parameters for text, and lanyard hole
// size and font customization pending

// First Things **************************

//$fs=1;
//$fa=3;

	use <write/Write.scad>  // Customizer
 	// use <Write.scad> // local install

// Parameters ****************************

// Long dimension of wedge
L=102*1;

// Short dimension of wedge
W=30*1;

// Thickness of wedge
HW=15*1;

// Label on wedge, limited to 5 characters
// +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
//on wedge (not too much!)
text="329";
label=str(text);
// +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++

// Radius; 0 = no hole
hole=3;

// Depth; 0-3 (0 = no teeth)
tooth=2;

//	Angle of wedge
theta=atan(W/L);

//default font settings
	center=0*1;
	h = W*.5;			 //mm letter height
	t = 2*1; 			//mm letter thickness
	space =.8*1; 			//extra space between characters in (character widths)
	rotate=0*1;			// text rotation (clockwise)
// (designed to work with Black Rose
//	font = "/BlackRose.dxf"; // <-- local execution
	font = "write/BlackRose.dxf"; // <-- Customizer
// ["write/BlackRose.dxf":Black Rose,"write/knewave.dxf":Knewave,"write/Letters.dxf":Letters,"write/orbitron.dxf":Orbitron]

// Top Level code ****************************

difference(){
	wedge(L,W,HW);
	translate([((10+len(label))*L/12)-(len(label)*8),W/8,t*.9])rotate([0,180,0])write(label,t=t,h=h,font=font,space=space,rotate=rotate,center=center);
	translate([10*L/12-(len(label)*8),W/8,(HW-t*.9)])write(label,t=t,h=h,font=font,space=space,rotate=rotate,center=center);
	teeth();

}

// Modules ****************************

module wedge(L=150, W=40, HW=15)
{

	hypotenoos=sqrt(pow(L,2)+pow(W,2));
	difference()
	{
		render(convexity=10)cube([L,W,HW]); //cube dimensioned to LxWxHW
		rotate(theta, 0,0,0)translate([0,0,-1])#cube([hypotenoos,W,HW*1.1]); //subtract along hypoteneuse
		rotate(theta/2, 0,0,0)translate([0,0,1])#cube([L/6,W/4,HW*2,],center=true);
		translate([L,W,1])rotate(-45)#cube([L/6,W/5,HW*2,], center=true);
  		translate([L,0,1])rotate(45)#cube([L/6,W/5,HW*2,], center=true);
		perforate();
//-theta/2
	}
}

module perforate(radius=hole)
{

	translate([(0.9*L),(0.45*W),-.5])#cylinder(h = HW*1.1, r=hole);
}

module teeth(depth=tooth)
{
	echo (depth);
	cube_size=6;
	offset=(sqrt(2*pow(cube_size/2,2)));
	spacing=L/20;
	echo (offset);

	for (i = [0:9]) // ten iterations, 0-7
	{
			echo (spacing);
		translate([(spacing*8)+(i*spacing),-offset+depth,1])
		rotate([0,0,45])
		#cube([cube_size, cube_size, HW*2], center = true);
	}
}

```


[User]
I'm looking to design some parametric vertex pieces for a 3D printer, specifically based on the eMaker Huxley design, but I need to be able to adjust the frame size. I want to be able to specify the base rod length, which is the distance between the bottom feet, and the side rod length, which is measured between the top vertex and the feet. Based on that, it should calculate the z-axis lift and generate the appropriate vertex pieces. I need separate files for the top and bottom vertex pieces.

Here are some more specific requirements:

*   **Parametric:**  The design should be fully parametric, allowing me to easily change the base rod length and side rod length, and ideally other values (like the hole size and thickness).
*   **Top and Bottom Pieces:** I need separate STLs generated for the top and bottom vertex pieces.
*   **Rod Angles:** The design should calculate the angles for the side rods based on the specified lengths. I'd also like those angles to be accessible as variables.
*   **Hole Size:** The M6 holes should have a diameter of 6.5mm.
*   **Part Thickness:** I'd like to set the overall thickness of the part.
*   **Tear Feature:** There needs to be a tear feature on one of the holes of each bar piece (a small cutout that goes to the edge of the part).
*   **Foot:** The bottom vertex should have a small "foot" that acts as the base of the frame.
*   **Calculated Z-Axis Lift:** It should calculate the z-axis lift rod length using the lengths specified for the base and side rods, to provide information on the z-axis smooth rod requirements.

I'd like to use a library with standard screw and bolt parameters, such as BOLTS, if one makes sense.

The generated .scad files should include well-organized code with comments and the main parameters easily editable at the top of the file. It should also echo out the base rod length, side rod length, and approximate shopping list (with lengths) of required threaded and smooth rods for building the printer frame.

[Assistant]
vertex_foot.scad:
```
//------------------------------------------------------------
// Huxley vertex feet for higher z and more clearance
//
// http://www.thingiverse.com/wardwouts
//
//
//------------------------------------------------------------
// Inspired by:
// http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:19160 -- eMaker Huxley Higher Z (burtyb)
// http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:28045 -- eMaker Huxley Extended Vertex Parts (Snille)

// Length measured between the bottom feet (207 is default for emaker huxley)
baserodlength=207;
// Length measure between top vertex and feet (207 is default for emaker huxley)
siderodlength=280;

partstyle = "top"; // [top,bottom]

// size of the M6 holes
M6 = 6.5;
// thickness of the part
thickness = 14;
// distance between tear and hole
teardist = 2*1;
// 80 for pretty curves; 16 for quick ones
FN=80*1;

// distance between the original holes (you probably do not want to change this)
distance = 38;

zaxisliftrod = sqrt(pow(siderodlength,2) - pow((baserodlength/2),2));

echo ("===========================================");
echo ("Lengths measured between the parts");
echo (str("Base rod length: ", baserodlength));
echo (str("Side rod length: ", siderodlength));
echo ("===========================================");
echo ("Shopping list (approximate size):");
echo (str("2 x ", baserodlength + 50 ,"mm M6 threaded bar for the base rods"));
echo (str("4 x ", siderodlength + 50 ,"mm M6 threaded bar for the side rods"));
echo (str("2 x ", round(zaxisliftrod + 72) ,"mm x 6mm smooth bar for the z-axis"));
echo (str("2 x ", round(zaxisliftrod + 22) ,"mm M5 threaded bar smooth bar for the z-axis"));
echo ("===========================================");

toprodangle = asin( (baserodlength/2) / siderodlength )  ;
//echo ("Top rod angle: ", toprodangle);
bottomrodangle = acos((baserodlength/2) / siderodlength ) ;
//echo ("Bottom rod angle: ", bottomrodangle);

// http://www.hhofstede.nl/modules/soscastoa.htm

barlength = (distance / 2) / cos(30) ;
//echo("Length of a single bar piece: ", barlength);

module bar(){
	// bar is een balkje met afgeronde uiteinden en 2 gaten
	// + een tear op teardist van een van de gaten
	difference(){
		union(){
			cylinder(h=thickness, r=thickness/2, $fn=FN);
			translate([0,-thickness/2,0]){
				cube([barlength,thickness,thickness]);
			}
			translate([barlength,0,0]){
				cylinder(h=thickness, r=thickness/2, $fn=FN);
			}
		}
		union(){
			translate([0,0,-thickness/2]){
				cylinder(h=thickness*2, r=M6/2, $fn=FN);
			}
			translate([barlength,0,0]){
				translate([0,0,-thickness/2]){
					cylinder(h=thickness*2, r=M6/2, $fn=FN);
				}
			}
				translate([teardist+M6,-thickness,thickness/2]){
					rotate([0,0,90]){
						tear(thickness*2, M6/2);
					}
				}
		}
	}
}

module foot(){
	// draw a foot which is just a bunch of cubes
	// side 1
	translate([-14,3,0]){ cube([16,2,thickness]); }
	// side 2
	translate([-14,-5,0]){ cube([16,2,thickness]); }
	// bottom
	translate([-16,-6,0]){ cube([2,12,thickness]); }
	//top
	translate([-8,-4,0]){ cube([4,8,thickness]); }
}

module mainbody(){
	// in dit deel is de standaard hoek van het onderdeel altijd 120 graden
	// dit omdat het standaard frame altijd hoeken van 60 graden heeft
	// omdat de afstand tussen de 2 standaard gaten altijd de contante
	// 'distance' afstand is roteer ik 30 graden (90 - 60)
	// en wandel ik 'distance' die richting in vervolgens teken ik een bar
	// 90 + 120 - 60 = 150
	// (30 + 150 = 180 dus zo wordt ie omgekeerd)
	// dit allemaal niet erg parametrisch, want het moet gewoon
	// in het basis frame passen
	bar();
	footextend();
	rotate([0,0,-30]){
		translate([distance, 0,0 ]){
			rotate([0,0,150]){
				bar();
				extend();
			}
		}
	}
}

module extend(){
	// we staan al goed voor de hoek van 60, dus alleen verschil
	// verder roteren
	if ( partstyle == "bottom" ){
		rotate([0,0,60-bottomrodangle]){
			translate([-barlength,0,0]){
				bar();
			}
		}
	}
	if ( partstyle == "top") {
		rotate([0,0,30-toprodangle]){
			translate([-barlength,0,0]){
				bar();
			}
		}
	}
}

module footextend(){
	if ( partstyle == "top") {
			rotate([0,0,-30+toprodangle]){
			translate([-barlength,0,0]){
				bar();
			}
		}
	}
	if ( partstyle == "bottom" ){
		foot();
	}
}

module tear(height,radius){
	rotate([90,0,90]){
		cylinder(h=height,r=radius,$fn=FN);
		rotate([0,0,45]){
			cube([radius, radius, height]);
		}
	}
}

mainbody();

```


[User]
I'd like to design a parametric cable reel that I can 3D print. It should be mountable to a wall and have a place to hold the end of the coiled cable.

The basic shape will be a circular reel with a flat back that has mounting holes. The reel part should have a thicker inner part and a thinner outer edge. The back part should extend out from the circle of the reel.

Here are the parameters I want to be able to control:

*   **`reelThickness`**: The thickness of the back and reel walls (at least 1mm).
*   **`reelDepth`**: How far the reel extends out from the wall (at least 0mm).
*  **`reelRadius`**: The radius of the circular reel closest to the mount side.
*   **`backHeight`**: How wide the back mounting portion extends beyond the reel circle (at least 5 times the cable diameter, to ensure there's room for the cable holder).
*   **`holeRadius`**: The radius of the 4 mounting holes.
*   **`holeCenterOffset`**: How far the center of the mounting holes are from the edge of the back mounting portion.
*   **`cableDiameter`**: The diameter of the cable being reeled (used to scale the cable holder).

I'd also like the design to include these derived parameters:
*   `holderGap`: Calculated from `cableDiameter`, specifically `cableDiameter * (4/5)`.
*   `holderScale`: Calculated from `holderGap`, specifically `holderGap/5`.
*   `holderDiameter`: Calculated from `holderScale`, specifically `32 * holderScale`.
*   `chamferLength`: Calculated from `reelDepth`, specifically `reelDepth / 10`.
* `outerReelOffset`: Calculated from `reelDepth`, specifically `reelDepth / 5`.

I'd like to have chamfering where the main reel wheel meets the back portion, and a round on the outside of the reel. The mounting holes should be placed at 45-degree angles.

Finally, I need a way to attach a cable holder to the side of the reel. I already have the `.stl` model of the cable holder, but I'll need to be able to scale it correctly using the calculated `holderScale` parameter and place it appropriately on the back of the reel. The STL is called `CableHolder.stl`.

The rendering should use `$fa = 2` and `$fs = 0.5` for a smooth output.

Could you please generate the OpenSCAD files for this? I am *not* using any specific libraries for this so I don't need anything special.

[Assistant]
cablereel.scad:
```
//Thickness of back and reel walls
reelThickness = 2.5; //At least 1

//How far the reel comes out from the wall
reelDepth = 45; //At least 0

//The radius of the circular reel closest to the mount side
reelRadius = 48;

//How wide the back mounting portion comes out from the wheel circle
backHeight = 40; //At least 5x the diameter of your cable to allow room for the cable holder

//Radius of the 4 mounting holes:
holeRadius = 1.4;

//How far the center of the holes are from the edge of the back mounting portion
holeCenterOffset = 10;

//The diameter of the cable you're reeling.  Used for the cable holder scale.
cableDiameter = 5;

holderGap = cableDiameter * (4/5);
holderScale = holderGap/5;
holderDiameter = 32 * holderScale;
chamferLength = reelDepth / 10;
outerReelOffset = reelDepth / 5;

$fa = 2;
$fs = .5;

rotate([0,180,0]){
	difference(){
		rotate_extrude(convexity = 10){ //Main reel wheel and back portion is a rotational extrusion
			polygon(points = [[reelRadius,reelDepth],[reelRadius+reelThickness,reelDepth],[reelRadius+outerReelOffset+reelThickness,0],[reelRadius+outerReelOffset,0]]); //forms the reel wheel
			translate([reelRadius,reelDepth,0]) {
				square([backHeight,reelThickness]); //forms the back mounting portion
			}
			translate([reelRadius+reelThickness,reelDepth,0]) {
				polygon(points = [[0,0],[0,-chamferLength],[chamferLength,0]]); //the chamfer triangle between the reel and the back portion
			}
			translate([reelRadius+outerReelOffset+(reelThickness/2),0,0]) {
				circle(reelThickness/2); //the round on the outside of the reel.
			}
		}
		rotate([0,0,45]){
			union(){  //The four mounting holes
				translate([reelRadius+backHeight-holeCenterOffset,0,reelDepth]){
					cylinder(reelThickness,holeRadius,holeRadius);
				}
				translate([0,reelRadius+backHeight-holeCenterOffset,reelDepth]){
					cylinder(reelThickness,holeRadius,holeRadius);
				}
				translate([-(reelRadius+backHeight-holeCenterOffset),0,reelDepth]){
					cylinder(reelThickness,holeRadius,holeRadius);
				}
				translate([0,-(reelRadius+backHeight-holeCenterOffset),reelDepth]){
					cylinder(reelThickness,holeRadius,holeRadius);
				}
			}
		}
	}
}
translate([reelRadius+backHeight-holderDiameter,0,-(reelDepth-reelThickness/2)]){
	scale([holderScale,holderScale,holderScale]){
		translate([0,-16.5,0]){
			import("CableHolder.stl"); //this is the cable holder
		}
	}
}
```


[User]
Okay, I'd like to design a parametric model of the Savoy vase, you know, the one designed by Alvar Aalto. I'm not too happy with my current design; it's a bit clunky and I know there are much smoother profiles out there. I've been trying to do it myself, and I've got a basic script, but it just doesn't have the right curves.

I'd like a script where I can control the base size, the overall height, the thickness of the base, the thickness of the walls, and the ratio of the top to the base width. These parameters are pretty much what I already have in my script. I'd like to be able to use a smoother, more accurate profile than what I've got. I've seen a really good one on Thingiverse (thing:225717) that looks much better than my traced DXF file, so I'd like something like that as the basis for the profile.

Basically, I need a parametric design that can be easily customized, similar to what you'd see in a customizer. The script should generate the vase with a hollow inside. I'm thinking it should handle generating the base, the walls, and the hollowed out interior, like my current attempt. I'm using OpenSCAD, and I know it supports scaling linear extrudes, so you can use that to create the tapered form of the vase.

I'd prefer the model to not rely on any external files, like DXFs if at all possible, given the customizer doesn't support them. Can you generate a fully parametric model that looks good using only SCAD code with the proper curves? Please make sure to use OpenSCAD's `linear_extrude` feature with scaling, as that's key to creating the vase's profile. It would also be helpful to have the code follow a clean, modular structure, and if possible, use the `BOSL2` library to manage parameters and make the code more readable, I find the BOSL2 documentation good, so it's easy to understand for me. I don't have any experience with other libraries.

[Assistant]
savoy_config.scad:
```
//CUSTOMIZER VARIABLES

// base size
base=30;
// height
height=30;
// thickness of base
base_thickness=4;
// thickness of wall
wall_thickness=2;
// base/top ratio  1 vertical
ratio = 1.2;

//CUSTOMIZER VARIABLES END

module savoy(s) {
  scale(s) translate([-20,-70,0]) import("savoy.dxf");
}

module outer(size, thickness) {
  minkowski() { savoy(size); circle(r=thickness); }
}

module base(size, scale, base_thickness, wall_thickness) {
  linear_extrude(height=base_thickness,complexity=10,scale=scale) {
    outer(size, wall_thickness);
  }
}

module wall(size, thickness) {
  difference() {
    outer(size, thickness);
    savoy(size);
  }
}

module vase(size, scale, height,base_thickness, wall_thickness) {
   base(size,(scale -1) *(base_thickness / height) +1, base_thickness,wall_thickness);
   linear_extrude(height=height, scale=scale) {
     wall(size,wall_thickness);
   }
};

scale = 0.2 * base / 30;

vase(scale,ratio,height,base_thickness, wall_thickness);
```


[User]
Hi there,

I'm looking to generate a 3D model of a bowl in OpenSCAD, and I'd like it to be parametric so I can easily adjust its dimensions and shape.

The basic idea is that the bowl's profile will be a superellipse (like the shape between a circle and a square, but can be controlled to be something in between). I'd like to define the bowl's radius, height, wall thickness, and the "p" value controlling the shape of the superellipse. I've seen this implemented where a value of `p=2` creates a circle, `p=2.5` creates a Piet Hein superellipse, and `p=4` creates a squircle.

I need the code to include:

*   A `radius` parameter to set the bowl's overall width.
*   A `height` parameter to control the bowl's height.
*   A `thickness` parameter to determine the wall thickness of the bowl.
*   A `p` parameter to control the shape of the superellipse curve.
*   A function that generates a superellipse point given a radius, p, and angle.
*   A module that uses this to draw the profile by defining a polygonal extrusion of a segment of that superellipse, including the wall thickness.
*   A `rotate_extrude()` operation that uses the profile segment to generate the bowl shape.

The final model should be upright and ready for printing when the `translate` and `rotate` transformations are removed or set to 0.

I'd like the superellipse to be generated using the standard parametric equations. I think this involves a function for a point `[x, y]` based on an angle `theta` with the following form:
```
x = R * e * pow(abs(sin(theta)), 2/p) * sign(sin(theta));
y = R * pow(abs(cos(theta)), 2/p) * sign(cos(theta));
```

Where `R` is the radius and `e` is radius/height.

Also, please make sure the code uses the `rotate_extrude()` function properly.

It would be great if you could provide the full OpenSCAD code. I don't need any external libraries for this. Let me know if you need more info!

[Assistant]
superbowl-2014.scad:
```
//CUSTOMIZER VARIABLES

//radius of bowl
radius = 20 ;

// exponent determines the shape of the profile
p = 2.5;  //Piet Hein
//  p= 4;  // Squircle
// p = 2; //circular
// height of bowl
height= 10;

//wall thickness
thickness = 2;

//CUSTOMIZER VARIABLES END
e = radius/height;

function length(p)  = sqrt(pow(p[0],2) + pow(p[1],2) );
function unit(p) = p / length(p);

function superellipse (R, p, e, theta) =
      R * [ e*    pow(abs(sin(theta)),2/p) * sign(sin(theta)),
                     pow(abs(cos(theta)),2/p) * sign(cos(theta))
            ] ;

module superellipse_curve (R, p, e=1, thickness=1, sweep=360, n=50) {
      assign(dth = sweep/n)
        for (i = [0:n-1] )
          assign (p1 = superellipse(R,p,e,dth*i),
                      p2 = superellipse(R,p,e,dth*(i+1))
                  ) {
          polygon( [p1, p2,
                          p2 +  thickness * unit(p2),
                          p1 +  thickness * unit(p1)]
                      );
         }
}

$fa=0.01; $fs=0.5;
// translate([0,0,height - thickness  ]) rotate([0,180,0]) // flip for  printing
translate([0,0,radius+thickness]) rotate([180,0,0]) rotate_extrude()
     superellipse_curve(radius,p,e,thickness,sweep=90);

```
superbowl-2014.scad:
```
//CUSTOMIZER VARIABLES

//radius of bowl
radius = 20 ;

// height of bowl
height= 10;

//wall thickness
thickness = 2;

// exponent determines the shape of the profile 2 is circlar, 2.5 is Piet Heins, curve, 4 is a Squircle
p = 2.5;  //Piet Hein
//  p= 4;  // Squircle
// p = 2; //circular

//CUSTOMIZER VARIABLES END
e = radius/height;

function length(p)  = sqrt(pow(p[0],2) + pow(p[1],2) );
function unit(p) = p / length(p);

function superellipse (R, p, e, theta) =
      R * [ e*    pow(abs(sin(theta)),2/p) * sign(sin(theta)),
                     pow(abs(cos(theta)),2/p) * sign(cos(theta))
            ] ;

module superellipse_curve (R, p, e=1, thickness=1, sweep=360, n=50) {
      assign(dth = sweep/n)
        for (i = [0:n-1] )
          assign (p1 = superellipse(R,p,e,dth*i),
                      p2 = superellipse(R,p,e,dth*(i+1))
                  ) {
          polygon( [p1, p2,
                          p2 +  thickness * unit(p2),
                          p1 +  thickness * unit(p1)]
                      );
         }
}

$fa=0.01; $fs=0.5;
// translate([0,0,height - thickness  ]) rotate([0,180,0]) // flip for  printing
translate([0,0,radius+thickness]) rotate([180,0,0]) rotate_extrude()
     superellipse_curve(radius,p,e,thickness,sweep=90);

```


[User]
Okay, I'm looking to create a parametric lithopane generator. I've seen some online, but I'd like one that's pretty flexible and I can tweak the parameters to get exactly what I want.

Here's what I need:

**Core Functionality:**

*   **Image Input:** It needs to take a square grayscale image as input. Ideally, it should handle scaling the image to a resolution of 150x150 pixels internally. The user would provide the path to the image file.
*   **Thickness/Height:** I need a parameter to control the overall thickness (or height) of the lithophane. This should be a direct dimension.
*   **Size:** I want to specify the overall length and width of the lithophane, assuming it's a square.
*   **Layer Height:** I need a parameter that represents the layer height, though I don't expect this to influence the model much. This is for my print settings.
*   **Bottom Padding:** There should be a minimum height for the bottom layer. I want to be able to set this value.
*   **Border:** I want to be able to set a border around the actual image portion of the lithophane. This border should also be a direct dimension.
*   **Inverted Image:** Importantly, the process needs to consider that I'm providing an inverted image - the lighter portions should be taller.

**Desired Output:**

The output should be a 3D model of the lithophane that matches my specified dimensions and image.  The generated model should have a smooth surface corresponding to the provided image. It should also have a flat and square base equal to the size parameter and a border that also is a flat square. This part should be connected to the image part, not just sitting adjacent to it.

**Specific Requirements:**

*   The design should be fully parametric, meaning all the above parameters can be easily changed through variables.
*   The lithophane should be square overall, with the image area itself also being a square.
* I would like to use OpenSCAD for this.
* I'd like the variables defined at the beginning of the file like shown in the previous example.

Can you help me create the OpenSCAD code for this?

[Assistant]
FullyParametrizedLithopane.scad:
```
/*
 * Based on Customizable Lithopane http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:78719
 *
 * Switched to customizer's higher resolution image input (150 x 150 pixels)
 * Fully parametrized dimensions of lithopane based on thickness and size
 *
 */

// preview[view:south, tilt:top]

/* [Image] */

// Load a square image, simple photos work best. Will be scaled to 150x150 pixels. Make sure to click the Invert Colors checkbox!
image_file = "image5.dat"; // [image_surface:150x150]

/* [Adjustments] */

// Overall thickness/height of lithophane
height = 2;
// Overall length/width of lithophane in mm
size = 81;

//Layer you will be slicing at
layer_height = 0.01;

//Minimum height for bottom layer in mm (recommended at least 0.2)
bottom_padding = 0.4;

// lithophane border in mm
lithophane_border = 2;

/* [Hidden] */
resolution=150;
s=0.01;

difference(){
 union() {
  difference() {
    translate([0, 0, bottom_padding]) scale([(size-lithophane_border+1)/resolution,(size-lithophane_border+1)/resolution,height-bottom_padding]) surface(file=image_file, center=true, convexity=5);

  } // d

  linear_extrude(height=height){
    difference(){
      square([size, size], center=true);
      square([size-lithophane_border-s, size-lithophane_border-s], center=true);
    } // d
  } // le
} // u

translate([0,0,-(height)]) linear_extrude(height=height) square([size+s, size+s], center=true);

} //d
```


[User]
Hi! I'm looking to design a magnetic holder for my razor scraper. I've seen some designs online, but I want one that's parametric and that I can attach to my printer frame.

Here's what I'm thinking:

The holder should have a base with a recessed area to hold the scraper (specifically, Emett's Razor Scraper), and an angled lip to help retain it. The scraper itself has a specific shape that needs to be accommodated. It's about 47mm wide at the widest part, and the handle is roughly 19mm wide and 14.5mm long before the tapered section. The handle part has a depth of about 3mm.

I'd like two holes for mounting to my printer frame using M5 screws and T-nuts. I plan on using standard M5 screws with a shaft diameter of about 5mm, and a head diameter around 9mm. The screw holes should be countersunk to accept the screw heads. The mounting holes should be designed so that the screw shaft portion begins with a short depth (about 2.1 mm) before the wider portion of the countersink. I would also like the two holes to be located on the x-axis, and have one hole located approximately 7mm from the front of the holder and the other approximately 9.75mm from the back. The holder needs to account for the screw head's lip, around 2mm thick.

I also need two cylindrical recesses for magnets so I can easily attach my scraper to the holder. These should be placed near one of the mounting screws along the x-axis. I'm using 3/16" diameter by 3/16" long Neodymium magnets (about 4.76mm diameter and 4.76mm long). I would like there to be a little extra space for the magnet, maybe an extra 0.2mm. The magnet holes should be deep enough to fully contain the magnets, with some extra depth for glue, say 1mm. The magnet holes should be 12mm on each side of the x-axis from the center of the screw.

I'd like the overall holder to be around 50mm wide and 41mm long. The height should be tall enough to accommodate everything, maybe 7.5mm for the main body plus 1mm for the razor blade slot, 1mm extra to create the base, and 2mm for the screw lips. So around 11.5mm in total height would probably be appropriate.

Finally, there should be a slot to hold a razor blade on the back side of the part. The slot should be 1.1mm wide, 10mm deep, and 40mm wide. The slot should be roughly 1mm up from the base of the object.

For extra usability, the main part of the holder should be designed with rounded corners using a minkowski sum with a cylinder of 5mm radius. I would like to have the corners not include the 5mm of the edges of the holder.

Can you generate a parametric OpenSCAD file for this? I don't need any extra libraries, just the base functionality of OpenSCAD, but please use variables for all dimensions so I can easily change them. Also please make the code well commented so that I can easily edit it.

[Assistant]
Scraper_Holder.scad:
```
// Scraper Magnetic Holder

// Magnet Diameter
magnet_diam = 4.76;

// Magenet Length
magnet_len = 4.76;

holder(magnet_diam, magnet_len);

module holder(magnet_diam, magnet_len)
{
	$fn = 25;
	extra = .2;
	screw_lip = 2;

	// Add 1mm to the bottom, and 1mm slot for razor blade
	height = screw_lip + 7.5 + 1;
	width = 50;
	length = 41;

	handle_depth = 3;
	triange_width = sqrt(2) * 47 / 2;
	screw_shaft_r = (5 + extra + .1) / 2;
	screw_head_r = 9 / 2;
	screw1_y = 7;
	screw2_y = length - 9.75;

	difference()
	{
		// Base block
		translate([-width/2,0,0])
			minkowski() {
				cube([width - 10, length - 10, height - .01]);
				translate([5, 5, 0]) cylinder(r = 5, h = .01);
			}
		// Slot for razor blade
		translate([-20, length-15, height - 1]) cube([40, 10, 1.1]);
		// Slot for handle
		translate([-47/2, length - 19 - 14.5, height-handle_depth+.01]) cube([47, 19, handle_depth]);
		// Angled retainer for handle
		translate([0, length - 33.5 + .01, height - handle_depth/2+.01]) scale([1,.6,1])
			difference()
			{
				rotate([0, 0, 45]) cube([triange_width, triange_width, handle_depth], center=true);
				translate([-width/2,0,-height/2]) cube([width, width, height]);
			}
		//translate([0,0,height - handle_depth/2+.01]) cube([26, 10, handle_depth], center=true);

		// Mounting Screws
		translate([0, screw1_y, -.01]) cylinder(h = 2.1, r = screw_shaft_r);
		translate([0, screw1_y, screw_lip]) cylinder(h = height, r = screw_head_r);

		translate([0, screw2_y, -.01]) cylinder(h = 2.1, r = screw_shaft_r);
		translate([0, screw2_y, screw_lip]) cylinder(h = height, r = screw_head_r);

		// Magnet holes
		translate([-12, screw2_y, height - magnet_len - 1 - extra]) cylinder(h = magnet_len + 1, r = magnet_diam / 2 + extra/2);
		translate([12, screw2_y, height - magnet_len - 1 - extra]) cylinder(h = magnet_len + 1, r = magnet_diam / 2 + extra/2);
	}
}
```


[User]
I'm looking to create a fidget cube that's similar to the one described here: [link to thingiverse page]. It's a print-in-place design, meaning it's fully assembled when printed and then you need to "break it in" so it can fold.

Here's what I'd like:

1.  **Core Structure:** It should consist of eight cubes that are interconnected via hinges, allowing them to fold in on each other. The way the cubes are arranged, they form one larger cube. There are two rows of four cubes that rotate around the center of the larger cube.
2.  **Cube Customization:** I'd like the option to have the cube pieces be either full cubes or "snub" cubes, which I believe means they'd be missing one of their corners.
3.  **Size Parameter:** The cube pieces should be parametric, with a variable for side length. Let's call this `cube_height`.
4.  **Clearance:** The design must account for printing clearances. Specifically, I want parameters for:
    *   `stacking_clearance`: The distance between the faces of adjacent cubes (the space that allows rotation).
    *   `hinge_clearance`: The space around the hinge mechanisms.
5.  **Hinge Design:** The hinges should be cylindrical, with a `hinge_radius` parameter controlling their size. It looks like the hinge cylinder is also attached via a cuboid. Additionally, the hinge should have a cone-like shape connecting the hinge cylinder and cuboid and the base cube.
6.  **Rounded Edges:** The cubes should have rounded edges, controlled by a `corner_radius` parameter. The rounding should be done using a hull of spheres.
7.  **Print-in-Place:** The whole assembly should be printable as one part without supports or rafts.
8. **No libraries:** I would prefer not to use any external libraries, but please let me know if it's impossible to implement this without libraries, and specify which ones you are using.

Essentially, I want a fully parametric, print-in-place folding fidget cube. Could you generate the necessary OpenSCAD code?

[Assistant]
mathgrrl_fidgetcube.scad:
```
// mathgrrl print-in-place fidget cube

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// PARAMETERS //////////////////////////////////////////////////

// Decide whether you want the pieces to be full cubes or snub on one side
snub = "yes"; // [no:Cube Pieces,yes:Snub Pieces]

// Choose a side length for the cubes, in mm
cube_height = 20;

// Choose a stacking clearance factor, in mm (controls distance between cubes)
stacking_clearance = .3;

// Choose a hinge radius, in mm
hinge_radius = 1.5;

// Choose a hinge clearance factor, in mm (controls distance around hinge parts)
hinge_clearance = .45;

// Other variables that people don't get to choose
$fn=24*1;
fudge = .01*1;
corner_radius = .1*cube_height;
outside_height = .4*(cube_height-2*stacking_clearance);
inside_height = (cube_height-2*stacking_clearance)-2*outside_height;
cone_height = 1.4*hinge_radius;

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// RENDERS /////////////////////////////////////////////////////

rotate(-45,[0,0,1])
translate([0,0,2*cube_height])
	rotate(90,[0,1,0])
		union(){
		// one row of four cubes
			row_assembly();
		// another row of four cubes
		translate([0,2*cube_height,2*cube_height])
			rotate(-90,[1,0,0])
				mirror([0,0,1])
					mirror([1,0,0])
						row_assembly();
		}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// MODULES /////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// one row of the assembly
module row_assembly(){
	union(){
		color("blue")
			hinged_cube(180,[1,0,0],[1,0,0]);

		color("red")
			translate([-cube_height/2,cube_height/2,0])
				mirror([0,1,0])
					translate([-cube_height/2,cube_height/2,0])
						rotate(90,[1,0,0])
							hinged_cube(0,[1,0,0],[0,0,0]);

		color("green")
			translate([cube_height,cube_height/2,cube_height/2])
				rotate(-90,[0,1,0])
					rotate(180,[1,0,0])
						mirror([0,1,0])
							translate([-cube_height/2,cube_height/2,0])
								rotate(90,[1,0,0])
									hinged_cube(180,[0,1,0],[0,1,0]);

		color("yellow")
			translate([-cube_height,cube_height,cube_height])
				rotate(-90,[1,0,0])
					rotate(90,[0,0,1])
						rotate(-90,[1,0,0])
							hinged_cube(0,[1,0,0],[0,0,0]);
	}
}

// one cube to rule them all
module hinged_cube(the_angle,the_vector,the_mirror){
	difference(){
	// cube and cylinders to start
		union(){
		// cube with inside top and bottom cylinders carved out
			difference(){
			// start with clearance cube in corner
				translate([cube_height/2,cube_height/2,cube_height/2])
					rotate(the_angle,the_vector)
						mirror(the_mirror)
							rounded_cube([cube_height,cube_height,cube_height]);
			// take away inside top cylinder with clearance
				translate([cube_height,0,0])
					rotate(90,[0,0,1])
						rotate(90,[0,1,0])
							translate([0,0,stacking_clearance+outside_height+inside_height])
								cylinder(	h=outside_height+fudge,
												r1=hinge_radius+fudge+hinge_clearance,
												r2=hinge_radius+fudge+hinge_clearance);
			// take away inside bottom cylinder with clearance
				translate([cube_height,0,0])
					rotate(90,[0,0,1])
						rotate(90,[0,1,0])
							translate([0,0,stacking_clearance-fudge])
								cylinder(	h=outside_height+fudge,
												r1=hinge_radius+fudge+hinge_clearance,
												r2=hinge_radius+fudge+hinge_clearance);
			}
		// top cylinder on outside hinge
			translate([0,0,stacking_clearance+outside_height+inside_height+hinge_clearance])
				cylinder(	h=outside_height-hinge_clearance-corner_radius/2,
								r1=hinge_radius,
								r2=hinge_radius);
		// bottom cylinder on outside hinge
			translate([0,0,stacking_clearance+corner_radius/2])
				cylinder(	h=outside_height-hinge_clearance-corner_radius/2,
								r1=hinge_radius,
								r2=hinge_radius);
		// inside hinge cylinder
			translate([cube_height,0,0])
				rotate(90,[0,0,1])
					rotate(90,[0,1,0])
						translate([0,0,stacking_clearance+outside_height])
							cylinder(	h=inside_height,
											r1=hinge_radius,
											r2=hinge_radius);
		// attacher for inside hinge cylinder
			translate([cube_height,0,0])
				rotate(90,[0,0,1])
					rotate(90,[0,1,0])
						translate([0,0,stacking_clearance+outside_height])
							rotate(45,[0,0,1])
								translate([-.8*hinge_radius,0,0])
									cube([1.6*hinge_radius,2*hinge_radius,inside_height]);
		// inside hinge top cone
			translate([cube_height,0,0])
				rotate(90,[0,0,1])
					rotate(90,[0,1,0])
						translate([0,0,stacking_clearance+outside_height+inside_height])
							cylinder(	h=cone_height,
											r1=hinge_radius,
											r2=0);
		// inside hinge bottom cone
			translate([cube_height,0,0])
				rotate(90,[0,0,1])
					rotate(90,[0,1,0])
						translate([0,0,stacking_clearance+outside_height-cone_height])
							cylinder(	h=cone_height,
											r1=0,
											r2=hinge_radius);
		}
	// take away middle cylinder with clearance
		translate([0,0,stacking_clearance+outside_height-hinge_clearance-fudge])
			cylinder(	h=inside_height+2*hinge_clearance+2*fudge,
							r1=hinge_radius+fudge+hinge_clearance,
							r2=hinge_radius+fudge+hinge_clearance);
	// take away top cone with clearance
		translate([0,0,stacking_clearance+outside_height+inside_height+hinge_clearance-fudge])
			cylinder(h=cone_height, r1=hinge_radius, r2=0);
	// take away bottom cone with clearance
		translate([0,0,stacking_clearance+outside_height-cone_height-hinge_clearance+fudge])
			cylinder(h=cone_height, r1=0, r2=hinge_radius);
	}
}

// module for making rounded cubes from convex hull of corners
module rounded_cube() {
	dist = cube_height/2-corner_radius-stacking_clearance;
		hull() {
		// seven of the eight vertices of a cube
			translate([dist,dist,dist])
				sphere(r=corner_radius);
			translate([-dist,dist,dist])
				sphere(r=corner_radius);
			translate([dist,-dist,dist])
				sphere(r=corner_radius);
			translate([-dist,-dist,dist])
				sphere(r=corner_radius);
			translate([dist,dist,-dist])
				sphere(r=corner_radius);
			translate([dist,-dist,-dist])
				sphere(r=corner_radius);
			translate([-dist,-dist,-dist])
				sphere(r=corner_radius);
		// don't include the eighth if snub desired
			if (snub=="yes"){
				}
			else{
				translate([-dist,dist,-dist])
					sphere(r=corner_radius);
				}
		}
}

```


[User]
Hi, I'm looking to generate some 3D printable knot shapes using OpenSCAD, and I'd like them to be customizable. I'm familiar with using parametric equations to define the curves, and I'd like to be able to adjust the thickness, overall size, and fineness of the curve. I have a basic implementation for trefoil knots, but I want to be able to generate other knots too, and it would be good to have some flexibility in the tube generation for the knots.

For the trefoil knot, I'm using the parametric equations:

* x = sin(t) + 2*sin(2*t)
* y = cos(t) - 2*cos(2*t)
* z = -H*sin(3*t)

Where 'H' is a height scaling factor.

My current code generates a "tube" by creating short cylinders connecting successive points and using `hull()` to join them. I'd prefer a more flexible module for creating the tubes that allows for varying radii, and perhaps a way to smooth out the connections. I’m aiming to achieve a clean 3D printed model, not just a quick visualization. The existing code is somewhat clunky.

Here are the key things I'd like the OpenSCAD code to be able to do:

1.  **Parametric Knot Generation:** Allow me to input different parametric equations for the x, y, and z coordinates of a knot. These should be functions of a single parameter 't'.
2.  **Customizable Tube:** Create a flexible tube generation module. Ideally, it should allow for:
    *   Adjustable tube radius, either constant or varying along the path. Maybe a function for `r(t)`?
    *   Control over the fineness of the tube.
    *   Different styles for connecting tube segments, to avoid the faceted look you get with a simple `hull`. Something that looks more like a lofted surface if that’s possible.
3.  **Global Scaling & Rotation:** Allow global scaling and rotation of the final knot.
4.  **Preview Quality Control**: Control the `$fn` value easily, maybe with a variable.
5.  **Different Knots:** Include, as a starting point, at least two different knot examples in addition to the trefoil. Perhaps a figure-8 knot and a cinquefoil knot. I'm thinking I can adapt them later on. I don’t need any pre-existing code or libraries to do so.

It would be great if the code were well-structured, so it’s easy to add new knots and modify parameters. I’m envisioning a modular design.

Essentially, I’m looking for a parametric knot generator that is quite flexible and easy to use, that will output smooth looking models with a good level of customization. I don’t need any pre-built knot shapes other than the example knots mentioned.

[Assistant]
trefoil.scad:
```
// parameterized trefoil

// CUSTOMIZER VARIABLES
//Height of knot
Height = 0.5;
// Radius of tube
R = 0.3;
// Number of Sides
Sides = 10;

// Scale
Scale = 15;
// END CUSTOMIZER VARIABLES

function f(t) = //trefoil
    [  sin(t) + 2 * sin(2 * t),
       cos(t) - 2 * cos(2 * t),
       - Height * sin (3 * t)
    ];

module disc_p2p(p1, p2, r) {
      assign(p = p2 - p1)
      translate(p1 + p/2)
      rotate([0, 0, atan2(p[1], p[0])])
      rotate([0, atan2(sqrt(pow(p[0], 2)+pow(p[1], 2)),p[2]), 0])
      render() cylinder(h = 0.1, r1 = r, r2 = 0);
};

module tube(r, step) {
    for (t=[0: step: 359])
       assign (p0 = f(t),
               p1 = f(t + step ),
               p2 = f(t + 2 * step))
       render() hull() {
          disc_p2p (p0,p1,r);
          disc_p2p (p1,p2,r);
       }
};

$fn=Sides;
scale(Scale) translate([0,0,Height + R]) tube (R,2);
```


[User]
I'd like to design a mount for my phone that attaches to my car's sun visor. It needs to be adjustable for different phone sizes and different visor thicknesses. I'm picturing a basic clip-style design with a platform for the phone to rest on.

Specifically, I need parameters for:

*   **`device_width`**: the width of the device that will be mounted.
*   **`device_thickness`**: the thickness of the device.
*   **`visor_thickness`**: the thickness of the sun visor.
*  **`visor_height`**: the depth of the visor (perpendicular to the car's windshield).
*   **`thickness`**: the general thickness of the mount's plastic parts.

The design should have these features:

1.  A **phone holder** with a bottom lip and side supports to prevent the phone from sliding off. This should be shaped to hold the device securely and be adjustable using the `device_width` and `device_thickness` parameters.
2.  A **visor clip** that wraps around the sun visor and uses the `visor_thickness` parameter for secure fit. The clip needs to be able to slide over the visor - so there needs to be space between the clip and the visor. The mount should sit far enough below the visor so that it doesn't interfere with the headliner. The `visor_height` parameter should control the clip's depth.

I am looking for a parametric OpenSCAD file, or files, that can generate this design. The parts don't need to be separate, but it should be easy to modify the parameters. I don't have a preference about the style of design or the specific placement of the support members - so feel free to design the model in the way that makes the most sense to you. I'm not looking for advanced features, just a solid base design.

[Assistant]
Sun_Visor_Device_Mount.scad:
```
// Device Width
device_width = 85; // [1:200]
// Device Thickness
device_thickness = 13; // [1:50]
// Visor Thickness
visor_thickness = 20; // [1:50]
// Visor Height
visor_height = 150; // [1:300]
// Thickness
thickness = 5; // [1:10]

// device holder
translate([thickness, thickness+device_thickness+visor_thickness+thickness, 0])
	cube([thickness, thickness, thickness]);
translate([0, thickness+visor_thickness+thickness, 0])
	cube([thickness, device_thickness, thickness]);
translate([thickness, visor_thickness+thickness, 0])
	cube([device_width, thickness, thickness]);
translate([thickness+device_width, thickness+visor_thickness+thickness, 0])
	cube([thickness, device_thickness, thickness]);
translate([device_width, thickness+device_thickness+visor_thickness+thickness, 0])
	cube([thickness, thickness, thickness]);

// visor clip
translate([thickness, visor_thickness+thickness, 0])
	cube([visor_height, thickness, thickness]);
translate([thickness+visor_height, thickness, 0])
	cube([thickness, visor_thickness, thickness]);
translate([thickness+(visor_height/2), 0, 0])
	cube([visor_height/2, thickness, thickness]);

linear_extrude(thickness) {
	polygon(points=[
		[0,         thickness+visor_thickness+thickness],
		[thickness, thickness+visor_thickness+thickness],
		[thickness, thickness+visor_thickness]], paths=[[0, 1, 2]]);
	polygon(points=[
		[0,         thickness+visor_thickness+thickness+device_thickness],
		[thickness, thickness+visor_thickness+thickness+device_thickness+thickness],
		[thickness, thickness+visor_thickness+thickness+device_thickness]], paths=[[0, 1, 2]]);
	polygon(points=[
		[thickness+visor_height,           0],
		[thickness+visor_height,           thickness],
		[thickness+visor_height+thickness, thickness]], paths=[[0, 1, 2]]);
	polygon(points=[
		[thickness+visor_height,           thickness+visor_thickness],
		[thickness+visor_height,           thickness+visor_thickness+thickness],
		[thickness+visor_height+thickness, thickness+visor_thickness]], paths=[[0, 1, 2]]);
	polygon(points=[
		[thickness+device_width,           thickness+visor_thickness],
		[thickness+device_width,           thickness+visor_thickness+thickness],
		[thickness+device_width+thickness, thickness+visor_thickness+thickness]], paths=[[0, 1, 2]]);
	polygon(points=[
		[thickness+device_width,           thickness+visor_thickness+thickness+device_thickness],
		[thickness+device_width,           thickness+visor_thickness+thickness+device_thickness+thickness],
		[thickness+device_width+thickness, thickness+visor_thickness+thickness+device_thickness]], paths=[[0, 1, 2]]);
}
```


[User]
Hi, I'm looking to create a customizable, resin-filled connector for outdoor low-voltage electrical splices. I have a basic idea of what I want, and I'd like to be able to adjust several parameters, similar to how some OpenSCAD designs are structured.

Basically, the design needs to have a shell that will form the mold for the resin, and some spacers to position the cable within the shell. It needs to be waterproof and able to withstand being buried or submerged.

Here's what I'm looking for in terms of parameters:

*   **Cable Diameter:** I need to be able to specify the outer diameter of the cable I'm connecting. I'd like the connector to adjust itself to cable sizes from 5mm to 25mm.
*   **Splicing Room:**  The internal space for the electrical connections needs to be adjustable. I think it would be useful to have options for "slim", "standard", "large", and "oversize" which would correspond to multipliers (e.g., x1.8, x2.2, x3.0, and x4.0 respectively) of the cable radius + a tolerance amount.
*   **Shell Length:** The length of the main part of the shell should be adjustable. I'd like options such as "short," "standard," "long," and "oversize," with corresponding multipliers (e.g. x2.0, x4.0, x6.0 and x8.0 respectively) of the cable diameter plus a tolerance.
*   **Flange Length:**  There should be adjustable flanges at the ends of the connector for tape or cable ties. I'd like to set this length in mm, probably from 1mm to 20mm.
*   **Resolution:**  The resolution of the curved surfaces needs to be adjustable to control how many facets make up a circle, using $fn for this would be good. I would like preset options like "default", "medium" (30), "high" (60), and "super high" (120).
*   **Cable Tolerance:** The amount of space around the cable, to make it easy to insert, should also be adjustable. I would like options for "exact fit", "close fit" (+0.5mm around), "standard fit" (+1mm) and "loose fit" (+2mm each side).
*   **Wall Thickness:** I need to be able to set the thickness of the shell walls - set a default at 1.5mm
*   **Part Selection:** It needs to be possible to print either the shell only, just the spacers, or both at the same time.

I think that's everything. I'm hoping to get a parametric OpenSCAD file, or files, that allow me to define all of those options and generate the STL files I need for different sized cables.  I don't have any special libraries that need to be used. I'm planning to resin-fill this design, so if you know of any useful features for that I would be interested too.

[Assistant]
Resin_Filled_Connector_III.scad:
```
/* [Basics] */

// Which piece would you like to print?
parts = "both"; // [shell_only:Connector Shell,spacer_only:Spacers,both:Connector and Spacers]

// Outside diameter of the cable? (5 to 25mm)
cable_size = 10; // [5:25]

// How much room inside for wire splicing?
splice_size = 2.2; // [1.8:Slim (x1.8),2.2:Standard (x2.2),3.0:Large (x3.0),4.0:Oversize (x4.0)]

// What length should the shell of the connector be?
length = 4; // [2:Short (x2.0),4:Standard (x4.0),6:Long (x6.0),8:Oversize (x8.0)]

// How long are the end flanges? (1 to 20mm)
flange = 10; // [1:20]

/* [Extras] */

// Quality to generate STL? (number of facets per circle)
$fn = 30; // [0:Default (0),30:Medium (30),60:High (60),120:Super High (120)]

// Tolerance to add around the cable?
cable_tolerance = 1; // [0:Exact Fit (zero tolerance),0.5:Close Fit (0.5mm all round),1:Standard Fit (1mm),4:Loose Fit (2mm)]

// What is the wall thickness? (mm)
thickness = 1.5;

// =================================================

shell_IR = (cable_size/2+cable_tolerance)*splice_size;
shell_OR = shell_IR+thickness;
shell_length = (cable_size+cable_tolerance*2)*length;
shell_half = shell_length/2;
flange_IR = cable_size*0.75+cable_tolerance;
flange_OR = flange_IR+thickness;
flange_length = shell_length+shell_OR*2+flange*2;
flange_half = flange_length/2;
hole_IR = cable_size*0.5+cable_tolerance;
smooth_IR = shell_OR*0.58;
spacer_IR = flange_IR;

//===================================================

print_part();

module print_part()
{
	if (parts == "shell_only")
	{
		Shell();
	}
	else if (parts == "spacer_only")
	{
		Spacers();
	}
	else if (parts == "both")
	{
		Both();
	}
	else
	{
		Both();
	}
}

module Both()
{
	Shell();
	translate([ shell_OR, -(shell_OR+thickness)*2, -flange_OR]) Spacer1();
	translate([-shell_OR, -(shell_OR+thickness)*2, -flange_OR]) Spacer1();
	translate([ shell_OR,  (shell_OR+thickness)*2, -flange_OR]) Spacer2();
	translate([-shell_OR,  (shell_OR+thickness)*2, -flange_OR]) Spacer2();
}

module Spacers()
{
	translate([ shell_OR, -(shell_OR + thickness*2), -flange_OR]) Spacer1();
	translate([-shell_OR, -(shell_OR + thickness*2), -flange_OR]) Spacer1();
	translate([ shell_OR,  (shell_OR + thickness*2), -flange_OR]) Spacer2();
	translate([-shell_OR,  (shell_OR + thickness*2), -flange_OR]) Spacer2();
}

module Spacer1()
{
	rotate(a=[0,-90,0])
	{
		// Spacer 1 - round inside
		difference()
		{
			union()
			{
				translate([0, -shell_OR, shell_OR*0.75]) cube(size = [thickness,shell_OR*2,thickness*2], center=false);
				translate([0, -spacer_IR, 0]) cube(size = [thickness,spacer_IR*2,shell_OR*0.75], center=false);
				rotate([0,90,0]) cylinder(thickness, spacer_IR, spacer_IR);
			}
			union()
			{
				translate([-1, -(spacer_IR-thickness*2), 0]) cube(size = [thickness+2,(spacer_IR-thickness*2)*2,shell_OR*75+thickness*2+1], center=false);
				translate([-1, 0, 0]) rotate([0,90,0]) cylinder(thickness+2, spacer_IR-thickness*2, spacer_IR-thickness*2);
			}
		}
	}
}

module Spacer2()
{
	rotate(a=[0,-90,0])
	{
		// Spacer 2 - cross inside
		union()
		{
			translate([0, -shell_OR, shell_OR*0.75]) cube(size = [thickness,shell_OR*2,thickness*2], center=false);
			translate([0, -thickness, -spacer_IR]) cube(size = [thickness,thickness*2,shell_OR*0.75+spacer_IR], center=false);
			translate([0, -(spacer_IR+thickness), -thickness]) cube(size = [thickness,spacer_IR*2+thickness*2,thickness*2], center=false);
		}
	}
}

module Shell() {
	difference()
	{
		difference()
		{
			union()
			{
				// form the outside shell
				translate ([-shell_half,0,0]) rotate([0,90,0]) cylinder(shell_length, shell_OR, shell_OR);
				translate ([-flange_half,0,0]) rotate([0,90,0]) cylinder(flange_length, flange_OR, flange_OR);
				translate ([-shell_half,0,0]) sphere(shell_OR);
				translate ([ shell_half,0,0]) sphere(shell_OR);

				// Add a small ridge on the end to hold the tape
				translate ([-flange_half,0,0]) rotate([0,90,0]) cylinder(thickness, flange_OR+thickness/2, flange_OR+thickness/2);
				translate ([flange_half-thickness,0,0]) rotate([0,90,0]) cylinder(thickness, flange_OR+thickness/2, flange_OR+thickness/2);
			}
			// flatten the bottom
			translate ([-(flange_half+1),-shell_OR,-(shell_OR+1)]) cube(size = [(flange_length+2),shell_OR*2,(shell_OR-flange_OR+1)], center = false);
		}

		difference()
		{
			union()
			{
				// cut out the centre shell
				translate ([-shell_half,0,0]) rotate([0,90,0]) cylinder(shell_length, shell_IR, shell_IR);
				translate ([-shell_half,0,0]) sphere(shell_IR);
				translate ([ shell_half,0,0]) sphere(shell_IR);

				// cut out the inside of the flange
				translate ([-(flange_half-thickness),0,0]) rotate([0,90,0]) cylinder(flange_length-thickness*2, flange_IR, flange_IR);

				// take off the top
				translate ([-(shell_half+shell_OR),-shell_OR,shell_OR*0.75]) cube(size = [(shell_length+shell_OR*2),shell_OR*2,shell_OR], center = false);

				// smooth around the top edge
				translate ([-shell_half,-smooth_IR,0]) cube(size = [(shell_length),smooth_IR*2,shell_OR], center = false);
				translate ([-shell_half,0,0]) cylinder(shell_OR, smooth_IR, smooth_IR);
				translate ([ shell_half,0,0]) cylinder(shell_OR, smooth_IR, smooth_IR);

				// take out the final hole for the cable to pass through (end to end)
				translate ([-(flange_half+1),0,0]) rotate([0,90,0]) cylinder(flange_length+2, hole_IR,hole_IR);
			}
			// flatten the bottom of the inside
			translate ([-(flange_half+1),-shell_IR,-(shell_IR+1)]) cube(size = [(flange_length+2),shell_IR*2,(shell_IR-flange_IR+1)], center = false);
		}
	}
}

```


[User]
Hi, I'm looking to create a script in OpenSCAD for generating torus knots, but I need it to be a bit more flexible than the one I've been using.

The script I currently have allows for control of the two main torus parameters (p and q), the width and height of the torus cross-section, the radius of the tube, number of sides for the tube, resolution step, and an overall scale.  I’d like to have all those options available as parameters, and I want to keep all the capabilities of that original script, especially the ability to create braided shapes with a small `Twidth` or centreless toroids with `Twidth = 0` and planar patterns when `Theight = 0`, and also the scaling and side count.

I'd like to be able to independently control the tube radius, the tube side count, and the `Step` variable for resolution. It is important to me that, if I set `Twidth` to 0 it creates the centerless toroid rather than a weird, flattened shape. Same for `Theight = 0`. And I need the `Scale` parameter to work as well, as a global scaling factor.

I would like the following parameters exposed, which are all integers, except `R` and `Scale`, which are decimals:

*   `P`: Torus parameter p
*   `Q`: Torus parameter q
*   `Twidth`: Torus width (set to 0 for braided cylinder)
*   `Theight`: Torus height (set to 0 for 2-D torus)
*   `R`: Radius of the tube
*   `Sides`: Number of sides for the tube
*   `Step`: Resolution step (lower values increase resolution but take much longer to generate)
*   `Scale`: Scale of the generated object

So, could you create a modular OpenSCAD file that defines a function or module that takes these parameters and returns a 3D torus knot shape? Also, include the use of the function or module to create a default example when the OpenSCAD file is opened (I'd like to be able to see an example without having to input any additional commands.) I don't need any library files.

[Assistant]
torus-knot.scad:
```
/*
  torus knot code
  Copyright kitwallace.co.uk
*/

// Torus Parameter p
P = 3;
// Torus Parameter q
Q = 7;
// torus width : 0 for braided cylinder
Twidth = 0;
// torus height : 0 for 2-D torus
Theight = 1;
// radius of tube
R = 0.15;
// no of sides to tube
Sides = 12;
// Resolution  numbers below 2 are very slow
Step = 1;
// Scale
Scale =15;

module disc_p2p(p1, p2, r) {
      assign(p = p2 - p1)
      translate(p1 + p/2)
      rotate([0, 0, atan2(p[1], p[0])])
      rotate([0, atan2(sqrt(pow(p[0], 2)+pow(p[1], 2)),p[2]), 0])
      render() cylinder(h = 0.1, r1 = r, r2 = 0);
};

function f(t) = //torus curve
    [ (2 + Twidth * cos (Q*t))* cos(P*t),
      (2 + Twidth * cos (Q*t))* sin(P*t),
       - Theight * sin (Q * t)
    ];

module tube(r, step) {
    for (t=[0: step: 360])
       assign (p0 = f(t),
               p1 = f(t + step ),
               p2 = f(t + 2 * step))
       render() hull() {
          disc_p2p (p0,p1,r);
          disc_p2p (p1,p2,r);
       }
};

$fn=Sides;
scale(Scale)
   translate([0,0,Theight +R])
    union() {
       tube (R, Step);
    }
```


[User]
I'd like to create a customizable 3D model of a Lissajous curve, like the one in the `lissajous.scad` file you see here. I want to be able to control a lot of parameters to generate different shapes.

Specifically, I need to be able to adjust:

*   **A and B parameters:** These control the shape of the curve and should accept numeric values.
*   **Phase:** This should be an angle in degrees, allowing the curve to be shifted.
*   **Radius (R):** The radius of the tubular structure that follows the Lissajous curve.
*   **Sides:** The number of sides for the polygonal tube.
*   **Step:**  This controls the resolution of the curve.  Smaller values should be more detailed but take longer to render, and I need to be able to control this.
*   **Scale:**  A scaling factor for the overall size of the model.
*   **Eccentricity (E):** This allows for variations to the lissajous function, I'm expecting a float value for this as well.

The output should be a tubular shape following the lissajous curve, which is derived using the formula in the attached file.

The final model should consist of a series of short cylinders, joined together to form the tube. The `disc_p2p` module, especially the rotation, in the file is important to create a smooth tube. I need the cylinders to be oriented perpendicular to the curve so that it forms the shape properly.

I'd like the code to be parametric so that I can change these values in the OpenSCAD customizer.

I don't expect to need any external libraries beyond the built-in OpenSCAD functions.

[Assistant]
lissajous.scad:
```
/*
  lissajous code
  Copyright kitwallace.co.uk
*/

// Parameter a
A = 2;
// Parameter b
B = 3;
// Phase  in degrees
Phase = 30;
// radius of tube
R = 0.1;
// no of sides to tube
Sides = 10;
// Resolution  numbers below 2 are very slow
Step = 2;
// Scale
Scale =12;
// Eccentricity  1 is square, 1.618 is golden mean
E = 1.618;

function f(t) = //lissajous curve
    [ E * cos(A * t + Phase),
      sin(B * t),
     0
    ];

module disc_p2p(p1, p2, r) {
      assign(p = p2 - p1)
      translate(p1 + p/2)
      rotate([0, 0, atan2(p[1], p[0])])
      rotate([0, atan2(sqrt(pow(p[0], 2)+pow(p[1], 2)),p[2]), 0])
      render() cylinder(h = 0.1, r1 = r, r2 = 0);
};

module tube(r, step) {
    for (t=[0: step: 360])
       assign (p0 = f(t),
               p1 = f(t + step ),
               p2 = f(t + 2 * step))
       render() hull() {
          disc_p2p (p0,p1,r);
          disc_p2p (p1,p2,r);
       }
};

$fn=Sides;
scale(Scale)
   translate([0,0,R])
       tube(R, Step);

```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to design an anti-backlash nut system for a Solidoodle 2 3D printer, specifically for its lead screw. I've seen a few designs out there, but I'm hoping to create something parametric and robust, and I'm not quite sure how to approach it in OpenSCAD from scratch. I need a base plate that attaches to the printer platform, a spring-loaded nut holder, and a collar to compress the spring. I am going to need to generate the needed .scad files using the MCAD library and will need help with the design.

Here's the breakdown:

**Base Plate:**
*   It should have mounting holes for screws, ideally with a countersunk recess for screw heads.
*   The base will mount to the platform using 4 screws.
*   The base needs to have rounded corners.
*   It needs a center hole for the lead screw to pass through.
*   The bottom of the base will need to provide a place for a nut trap to sit as well as a spring rest at the top of the base.

**Nut Holder/Collar:**
*   This will house two nuts, and there should be a mechanism where one nut is pushed by a spring.
*   A collar on the side with allow for spring compression.
*   The spring needs to rotate against the upper nut counterclockwise to allow the two nuts to clamp together.
*   The nut holder also needs a lead screw hole.
*   The nut trap needs to be designed for a hex nut.
*   The nut holder needs to support a top and bottom section to hold the springs and nuts in place.

**Key Dimensions (and these all need to be parameters):**

*   **Base Plate:**
    *   Screw diameter for mounting to platform (e.g., 2.5mm)
    *   Screw head thickness (e.g., 1.0mm)
    *   Base plate thickness (e.g., 2.5mm)
    *   Distance between base plate screws in the X-axis (e.g., 25.4mm)
    *   Distance between base plate screws in the Y-axis (e.g., 15.875mm)
*   **Nuts:**
    *   Width across flats (e.g., 12.7mm)
    *   Nut height (e.g., 6.8mm)
*   **Lead Screw:**
    *   Lead screw hole diameter (e.g., 8.0mm)
*   **Spring:**
    *   Spring wire diameter (e.g., 1.0mm)
*   **Other:**
    *   Tolerance for clearances (e.g., 0.4mm)
    *   Extra height on the base for the spring/nut holder assembly (e.g. 1mm)
	*	Collar height (e.g., 2mm)
    *   Top plate thickness (e.g. 2mm)

I'm hoping to make this pretty customizable in the future, so having all these as parameters will be very helpful.

Could you help me generate the OpenSCAD code for this? I will be utilizing the `MCAD/regular_shapes.scad` library. Thanks so much!

[Assistant]
BacklashSolidoodle_2.1.scad:
```
// preview[view:south, tilt:top]

/* [Adjustments] */

base_plate_screw_diameter = 2.5;

base_plate_screw_head_thickness = 1.0;

base_plate_thickness = 2.5;

// Distance between base plate screws in x-axis
x_axis_seperation = 25.4;

// Distance between base plate screws in y-axis
y_axis_seperation = 15.875;

// Width across flats
nut_width = 12.7;

nut_height = 6.8;

// Should be larger than outer diameter of lead screw
lead_screw_hole_diameter = 8.0;

extra_height = 1;

spring_wire_diameter = 1.0;

//(mm)
tolerance = 0.4;

/* [Hidden] */

include <MCAD/regular_shapes.scad>

base_plate_perimeter_buffer = 3.0;

nut_width_across_corners = nut_width / cos(30);
base_plate_screw_radius = base_plate_screw_diameter / 2;
base_plate_corner_radius = base_plate_perimeter_buffer + base_plate_screw_radius;
base_plate_width = x_axis_seperation + base_plate_corner_radius * 2;
base_plate_depth = y_axis_seperation + base_plate_corner_radius * 2;
collar_height = 2;
top_plate_thickness = 2.0;
spring_restraint_radius = ((nut_width_across_corners/2)+1.5+spring_wire_diameter+1.6);
spring_section_radius = (nut_width_across_corners/2)+1.5;

//Base
difference() {
	union() {
		//Base plate
		translate([0,0,base_plate_thickness/2])
			difference() {
				union() {
					cube(size=[base_plate_width,y_axis_seperation,base_plate_thickness],center=true);
					cube(size=[x_axis_seperation,base_plate_depth,base_plate_thickness],center=true);
					for (i = [[1,1],[1,-1],[-1,-1],[-1,1]]) {
						translate([x_axis_seperation*i[0]/2,y_axis_seperation*i[1]/2,0])
							cylinder(h=base_plate_thickness,r=base_plate_corner_radius,center=true,$fs=1);
					}
				}
				for (i = [[1,1],[1,-1],[-1,-1],[-1,1]]) {
					translate([x_axis_seperation*i[0]/2,y_axis_seperation*i[1]/2,0])
						cylinder(h=base_plate_thickness,r=(base_plate_screw_radius+tolerance),center=true,$fs=1);
				}
			}
		//Spring restraint collar
		translate([0,0,(base_plate_thickness)])
			for (i=[0:5]) {
				rotate ([0,0,60*i-	15])
					arc((collar_height+base_plate_screw_head_thickness+tolerance),spring_restraint_radius,spring_restraint_radius,(30-atan(tolerance*2/spring_restraint_radius)));
			}
		//Spring section
		cylinder(h=(base_plate_thickness+nut_height+2+extra_height),r=(spring_section_radius-tolerance/2),center=false,$fs=1);
	}
	//Nut trap
	linear_extrude(height=(nut_height),center=false)
		circle(r=(nut_width_across_corners/2+tolerance/2),$fn=6);
	//Lead screw hole
	cylinder(h=(nut_height*2+3),r=((lead_screw_hole_diameter+tolerance*2)/2),center=false,$fs=1);
}

//Base support
cylinder_tube(nut_height-0.3,lead_screw_hole_diameter/2+1+tolerance,1);

//Upper
translate([0,((base_plate_depth/2)+((nut_width_across_corners/2)+3+spring_wire_diameter+1.4)+5),0])
	difference() {
		//Main body
		union() {
			cylinder(h=top_plate_thickness,r=(spring_restraint_radius+0.8),center=false,$fs=1);
			cylinder(h=(nut_height+2),r=(spring_section_radius-tolerance/2),center=false,$fs=1);
		}
		//Lead screw hole
		cylinder(h=(nut_height+3),r=((lead_screw_hole_diameter+tolerance*2)/2),center=false,$fs=1);
		//Nut trap
		linear_extrude(height=nut_height,center=false)
			circle(r=(nut_width_across_corners/2+tolerance/2),$fn=6);
		//Spring hole
		translate([(spring_restraint_radius-(spring_wire_diameter+1.6)/2),0,0])
			cylinder(h=top_plate_thickness,r=(((spring_wire_diameter)/2)+tolerance/2),center=false,$fs=0.1);
	}

//Upper support
translate([0,((base_plate_depth/2)+((nut_width_across_corners/2)+3+spring_wire_diameter+1.4)+5),0])
  cylinder_tube(nut_height-0.3,lead_screw_hole_diameter/2+1+tolerance,1);

//Spring restraint collar
translate([((base_plate_width/2)+((nut_width_across_corners/2)+3+spring_wire_diameter+1.4)+5),0,0])
	difference() {
		//Main body
		union() {
			difference() {
				cylinder(h=collar_height,r=(spring_restraint_radius+tolerance/2),center=false,$fs=1);
				cylinder(h=collar_height,r=(spring_section_radius+tolerance/2),center=false,$fs=1);
			}
			translate([0,0,(collar_height)])
				for (i=[0:5]) {
					rotate ([0,0,60*i])
						arc(collar_height,(spring_wire_diameter+1.6),(spring_restraint_radius+tolerance/2),30);
				}
		}
		//Spring hole
	    rotate ([0,0,15])
	  		translate([spring_restraint_radius+(tolerance/2)-(spring_wire_diameter+1.6)/2,0,0])
	        	cylinder(h=(collar_height*2),r=((spring_wire_diameter/2)+tolerance/2),center=false,$fs=0.1);
	};

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//include module to generate arcs/wedges
module arc( height, depth, radius, degrees ) {
    // This dies a horible death if it's not rendered here
    // -- sucks up all memory and spins out of control
    render() {
        difference() {
            // Outer ring
            rotate_extrude($fs = 1)
                translate([radius - depth, 0, 0])
                    square([depth,height]);

            // Cut half off
            translate([0,-(radius+1),-.5])
                cube ([radius+1,(radius+1)*2,height+1]);

            // Cover the other half as necessary
            rotate([0,0,180-degrees])
            translate([0,-(radius+1),-.5])
                cube ([radius+1,(radius+1)*2,height+1]);

        }
    }
}
```