[User]
I'm looking to create a set of parametric OpenSCAD modules for generating structures based on the space-filling sphenoid hendecahedron. I've seen some neat examples of this online, particularly ones that build rod-like structures. I'm hoping to achieve something similar with full parametric control of the core unit as well as the assembled structures.

Here's what I'd like the design to be able to do:

**Core Geometry (sphenoid_hendecahedron):**

*   The base unit is the sphenoid hendecahedron. I'll need an OpenSCAD module for this. The precise coordinates for the vertices, as well as the triangle definitions, are available (I can give them to you). It's crucial to maintain the shape defined by the given coordinates.
*   I'd like to be able to scale this base unit using a global scaling factor.
*   The module for the sphenoid hendecahedron should return a single polyhedron object

**Rod-like Subassemblies**

*   I'd like to generate linear "columns" by repeating a rotated and translated version of the hendecahedron.
*   These "columns" or rods need to have a configurable height, which should be a multiple of the unit cell height. Ideally, I can use both full and half values, and also quarter values for more granular control.
*   The modules should allow the generation of single "columns," as well as assemblies of "columns" in various configurations:
    *   **Tricolumn:** Three "columns" arranged in a triangle-like pattern
    *   **Hexring:** Six "columns" arranged in a ring.
*  Each hendecahedron in a column is internally rotated and translated to make the columns match up nicely. Please maintain the alpha1 rotation, and alpha2/shiftx translations and rotations described in the code in my reference implementation.

**Column Options**
*   Optionally, I want to be able to "crop" the top and bottom of the columns with a flat plane to give them flat ends and make them easier to assemble or 3d print.
*  The height of the column should still be settable when the cropping option is used, and should still be measured in the height of the hendecahedron units, including both half and quarter values for more granular control.
* I need an overall scale factor to adjust the size of the whole assembly.

**Additional features**
* I'd like the program to be able to generate random assemblies of columns, where both position and height of each column is controlled by a random seed.
* I would like the program to generate "forests" where columns are generated at every position on a grid, with a random height. The height should be influenced by the distance to the grid center, being lower further from the center of the grid.

**Parameters:**

*   `scal`: A global scaling factor
*   `hc`: Height of columns, in units of hendecahedron height. (Allowing full, half, and quarter values)
*  `crop_flat`: Boolean, to crop columns with flat ends.
*  `seed`: integer, random seed.
*   `part`: String, specifies the type of assembly to generate (e.g., "column", "tricolumn", "hexring", "forest")

I'm primarily interested in the main assembly modules, not the individual corner colors or other debug functions. It's very important that the rotations and translations between the base hendecahedra are accurate.

I'm not worried about file organization and library use. As long as the output is valid OpenSCAD, I'm happy to use it. However, I'm not expecting to use any of the BOSL or other libraries.

[Assistant]
sphenoid-hendecahedron-spacefill.scad:
```
/*
 2014 Lukas Süss aka mechadense
 space filling sphenoid hendecahedrons - crystal rods
 license: CC-BY

 source:
 http://www.steelpillow.com/polyhedra/five_sf/five.htm
 (coordinates at the bottom)
*/

crop_it_flat = "yes"; // [yes,no]
crop_flat = crop_it_flat == "yes" ? true : false;

part = "hexring"; // [sphenoid_hendecahedron,floret,floret_pair,tricolumn,hexring,column]
//part = "sphenoid_hendecahedron"; // ??
//part = "floret";
//part = "floret_pair";
//part = "tricolumn";
//part = "hexring"; // nice!
//part = "forest"; // buggy for F6 rendering ...
//part = "bicolumn"; // not implemented
//part = "column";

// if(crop_flat==true): half & quater numbers have effect
// hight of colums (full, half & quater numbers preferrable)
hc = 2;

// random seed for the colum heights in the "forest"
seed = 54*1;

// overall scaling factor
scal = 4;

// hack to get proper manifold model
eps = 0.01*1;

/*
 optional todo:

 1) add elongation distance
 (hendecahedron elongation as describes in source)
 for elongation shifting points is not enough;
 the points lying on the xy plane split up to two,
 every adjacent pair of two of those points create two new triangles
 el = 0*1; // elongation

 2)
 // if > 0 cut a cylindrical channel trough the colums axes
 //hollow_column_radius = 0;

 // implement dicolumn
 // debug forest
 // calculate alpha2 & shiftx analytically instead of eyeballing
*/

// #################################
s = sqrt(3);
c6 = cos(60);
s6 = sin(60);

// internal rotation of rod element
alpha1 = 22*1;
// for inter rod surface matching
alpha2 = -11.08*1;
shiftx = 4.582*1;
shifty = 0*1;
shiftz = 0*1;

// base vectors
b0 = [0,0,0]*1;
b1 = [shiftx,shifty,shiftz]*1;
b2 = [shiftx*c6-shifty*s6,shiftx*s6+shifty*c6,shiftz]*1;
b3 = 1*1;

// list of corners
a = [13/7,3*s/7,+1  ]*1; // a..0
b = [1   ,s    ,0   ]*1; // b..1
c = [2   ,s    ,+1/2]*1; // c..2
d = [5/2 ,s/2  ,0   ]*1; // d..3
e = [9/4 ,s/4  ,+1/2]*1; // e..4
f = [2   ,0    ,0   ]*1; // f..5
g = [0   ,0    ,+1/2]*1; // g..6
h = [2   ,s    ,-1/2]*1; // h..7
dummyzero =   [0,0,0]*1; // don't know why i was left out in source
j = [9/4 ,s/4  ,-1/2]*1; // j..9
k = [0   ,0    ,-1/2]*1; // k..10
l = [13/7,3*s/7,-1  ]*1; // l..11

ps = [a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,dummyzero,j,k,l]*1;

ts = [[6,0,4],[6,4,5], // quadrangle out of two koplanar trianhles
      [10,6,5],
      [10,5,9],[10,9,11],
      [4,0,2],[4,2,3],
      [5,4,3],[5,3,9],
      [9,3,7],[9,7,11],
      [10,11,7],[10,7,1],
      [6,10,1],
      [6,1,2],[6,2,0],
      [1,7,2],
      [2,7,3]]*1;

module sphenoid_hendecahedron(){
  polyhedron(points=ps,triangles=ts,convexity =3); }
// ##################################
// size estimation cube
// translate([10,30,0]) cube([10,10,10]);

scale([scal,scal,scal]) customized();

module customized()
{
  if(part == "column") {column(hc);}
  if(part == "tricolumn") {tricolumn(hc);}
  if(part == "hexring") {hexring(hc);}
  if(part == "forest") {forest();}

  if(part == "sphenoid_hendecahedron")
  {sphenoid_hendecahedron();}
  if(part == "floret") {rod_slice1();}
  if(part == "floret_pair") {rod_element();}
}

module forest()
{
  n = 2;
  nn = (n*2+1);
  ntot = nn*nn;
  hight = rands(-1,6,ntot,seed);
  for(i=[-n:n])
  {
  for(j=[-n:n])
  {
    assign(ii=i+n,jj=j+n,rr=sqrt(i*i+j*j))
    {
      if(hight[ii+jj*nn] > 0)
      {
        translate(i*b1+j*b2)
        column(round(hight[ii+jj*nn]-2*rr)+1/2);
      }
    }
  }
  }
}

module hexring(n=2)
{
  hexringcoords = [b0,b1,b1+b2,2*b2,-b1+2*b2,-b1+b2];
  for(i=[0:len(hexringcoords)-1])
  {
    translate(hexringcoords[i]) column(n);
  }
}

module tricolumn(n=2)
{
    translate(b1) column(n);
    translate(b2) column(n);
    column(n);
}

module column(n=2)
{
  if(crop_flat==false)
  {
    fullcolumn(n);
  }
  else
  {
    intersection()
    {
      fullcolumn(n);
      translate([0,0,(2*n-1)/2])
        cube([6,6,2*n-1],center=true);
    }
  }
}

module fullcolumn(n=2)
{
  for(i=[0:n-1])
  {
    translate([0,0,(i-eps/2)*2]) rod_element();
  }
}

module rod_element()  // (floret)
{
  union()
  {
    rotate(alpha2,[0,0,1])
    {
      rod_slice1();
      color("orange") rod_slice2();
    }
  }
}

module rod_slice1()
{
  for(i=[0:5])
  {
    rotate(60*i,[0,0,1])
    sphenoid_hendecahedron();
  }
}

module rod_slice2()
{
  translate([0,0,1-eps])
  rotate(alpha1,[0,0,1]) scale([-1,1,1])
    rod_slice1();
}

//#########
//colored_corners();
module colored_corners(rr=0.1,fn=8)
{
  translate(a) color("red")    sphere(r=rr,$fn=fn);
  translate(b) color("orange") sphere(r=rr,$fn=fn);
  translate(c) color("yellow") sphere(r=rr,$fn=fn);
  translate(d) color("green")  sphere(r=rr,$fn=fn);
  translate(e) color("cyan")   sphere(r=rr,$fn=fn);
  translate(f) color("blue")   sphere(r=rr,$fn=fn);
  translate(g) color("violet") sphere(r=rr,$fn=fn);
  translate(h) color("magenta")sphere(r=rr,$fn=fn);
  translate(j) color("brown")  sphere(r=rr,$fn=fn);
  translate(k) color("black")  sphere(r=rr,$fn=fn);
  translate(l) color("white")  sphere(r=rr,$fn=fn);
}
// initial systematic creation order was wrong order:
ts_perm = [[6,4,0],[6,5,4], // quadrangle out of two koplanar triangles
      [10,5,6],
      [10,9,5],[10,11,9],
      [4,2,0],[4,3,2],
      [5,3,4],[5,9,3],
      [9,7,3],[9,11,7],
      [10,7,11],[10,1,7],
      [6,1,10],
      [6,2,1],[6,0,2],
      [1,2,7],
      [2,3,7]];

```


[User]
Hey, I need a design for a wall hanger that I can customize in OpenSCAD. I want it to have a straight section, a curved arc, and holes for mounting. I've seen some examples online that use the dotSCAD library for pie slices, so it would be great if you could use that.

Here's what I'm looking for in terms of parameters:

*   **Hanger Dimensions:**
    *   `width`: The overall width of the hanger.
    *   `thickness`: The thickness of the hanger.
    *   `length`: The length of the straight part of the hanger.
    *   `turn_diameter`: The diameter of the circle that forms the arc.
    *   `turn_angle`: The angle of the arc in degrees.

*   **Geometry & Finish:**
    *   `resolution`:  For controlling the smoothness of curves (e.g., 20 for draft, 50 for medium, 100 for fine).
    *   `geometry`:  This affects the facet count and shape of the end sections, should be a multiple of 4 (8 is good for 3D printing).

*   **Mounting Holes:**
    *   `hole_diameter`: The diameter of the mounting holes.
    *   `hole1`: The distance from the start of the straight section to the first hole.
    *   `hole2`: The distance from the start of the straight section to the second hole.
    *   `countersink_depth`: The depth of the countersink for the mounting holes.

I'd like the design to be parametric, so I can adjust these values in OpenSCAD's Customizer. It should have a clean look, and the end sections of the straight part should also have some detail.

Also, can you make sure the code is modular with separate modules for the straight section, arc, end sections, and the mounting holes? This should make it easier to understand and modify. Let me know if you need any other info. Thanks!

[Assistant]
SimpleWallHanger1.scad:
```
// ************* Credits part *************

// Programmed by Fryns - March 2014

// Optimized for Customizer

// Includes Pie Slice OpenSCAD Library by Chris Petersen, published on Thingiverse 27-Jun-2013 (thing:109467)

// ************* Declaration part *************

/* [Hanger] */
// Width of hanger in mm
width=20;
// Thickness of hanger in mm
thickness=4;
// Length of straigth part in mm
length=40;
// Diameter of circle producing hanger arc in mm
turn_diameter=40;
// Angle of arc
turn_angle=120; //[1:360]

/* [Geometry and finish] */
resolution=50; //[20:Draft,50:Medium,100:Fine, 200:very fine]
// Choose even numbers: 8 for 3D print optimized and higher e.g. 100 for fine
geometry=8; // Note that module "end" is only accurate for geometry = 4*integer

/* [Holes] */
// Hole size in mm
hole_diameter=3;
// Hole 1 position in mm
hole1=0;
// Hole 1 position in mm
hole2=20;
// Depth of countersink in mm
countersink_depth=2;

/* [Hidden] */
geo_width=width-thickness*cos(360/(geometry*2));

// ************* Executable part *************
rotate(a=[0,90,180])
difference(){
	assembly();
	translate([hole1,0,0])
		hole();
	translate([hole2,0,0])
		hole();
}

// ************* Module part *************

module assembly(){
	translate([0,0,0])
		rotate(a=[0,0,0])
			end();
	translate([0,0,0])
		rotate(a=[0,0,0])
			straight(length=length);
	translate([length,0,0])
		rotate(a=[0,0,0])
			turn(diameter=turn_diameter,angle=turn_angle);
	translate([length+turn_diameter/2*cos(turn_angle-90),turn_diameter/2+turn_diameter/2*sin(turn_angle-90),0])
		rotate(a=[0,0,turn_angle-180])
			end();
}

module hole(){
	translate([0,0,width/2])
		rotate(a=[-90,0,0]){
			rotate(a=[0,0,90-(180-(360/geometry))/2])
				cylinder(h = thickness+0.01, r = hole_diameter/2, $fn=geometry, center = true);
			translate([0,0,thickness/2-countersink_depth])
				cylinder(h = countersink_depth+0.01, r1 = hole_diameter/2, r2 = (hole_diameter+2*countersink_depth)/2, $fn=resolution, center = false);
		}
}

module turn(diameter,angle){
	translate([0,diameter/2,0])
		rotate(a=[0,0,-90])
			intersection(){
				ring(diameter=diameter);
				translate([0,0,-(geo_width+thickness)])
					pie(radius=diameter/2+thickness, angle=angle, height=2*(geo_width+thickness), spin=0);
			}
}

module straight(length){
	translate([0,0,thickness*cos(360/(geometry*2))/2])
		rotate(a=[-180,-90,0])
			linear_extrude(height = length, center = false, convexity = 10, twist = 0)
				hull() {
   				translate([geo_width,0,0])
				rotate(a=90-(180-(360/geometry))/2)
    				circle(thickness/2,$fn=geometry);
				rotate(a=90-(180-(360/geometry))/2)
   				circle(thickness/2,$fn=geometry);
 				}
}

module ring(diameter){
	translate([0,0,thickness*cos(360/(geometry*2))/2])
		rotate_extrude(convexity = 10, $fn = resolution)
			translate([diameter/2, 0, 0])
				rotate(a=[0,0,90])
					hull() {
   					translate([geo_width,0,0])
						rotate(a=90-(180-(360/geometry))/2)
    						circle(thickness/2,$fn=geometry);
						rotate(a=90-(180-(360/geometry))/2)
   						circle(thickness/2,$fn=geometry);
 				}
}

module end() {
	translate([0,0,geo_width/2+thickness*cos(360/(geometry*2))/2])
		intersection(){
			translate([-2*(geo_width+thickness),-(geo_width+thickness),-(geo_width+thickness)])
				cube(2*(geo_width+thickness));
			rotate(a=[90,-90,0])
				rotate(a=90-(180-(360/geometry))/2)
					rotate_extrude(convexity = 10, $fn = geometry)
						hull() {
	   					translate([(geo_width/2+thickness*cos(360/(geometry*2))/2)/cos(360/(geometry*2))-thickness*cos(360/(geometry*2))/2,0,0])
							rotate(a=90-(180-(360/geometry))/2)
    							circle(thickness/2,$fn=geometry);
							translate([thickness*cos(360/(geometry*2))/2,0,0])
   							square(thickness*cos(360/(geometry*2)),center=true);
 						}
		}
}

// ****************************************************************************
// Borrowed code
// ****************************************************************************

/**
 * pie.scad
 *
 * Use this module to generate a pie- or pizza- slice shape, which is particularly useful
 * in combination with `difference()` and `intersection()` to render shapes that extend a
 * certain number of degrees around or within a circle.
 *
 * This openSCAD library is part of the [dotscad](https://github.com/dotscad/dotscad)
 * project.
 *
 * @copyright  Chris Petersen, 2013
 * @license    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/LGPL/2.1/
 * @license    http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/
 *
 * @see        http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:109467
 * @source     https://github.com/dotscad/dotscad/blob/master/pie.scad
 *
 * @param float radius Radius of the pie
 * @param float angle  Angle (size) of the pie to slice
 * @param float height Height (thickness) of the pie
 * @param float spin   Angle to spin the slice on the Z axis
 */
module pie(radius, angle, height, spin=0) {

    // Negative angles shift direction of rotation
    clockwise = (angle < 0) ? true : false;
    // Support angles < 0 and > 360
    normalized_angle = abs((angle % 360 != 0) ? angle % 360 : angle % 360 + 360);
    // Select rotation direction
    rotation = clockwise ? [0, 180 - normalized_angle] : [180, normalized_angle];
    // Render
    if (angle != 0) {
        rotate([0,0,spin]) linear_extrude(height=height)
            difference() {
                circle(radius);
                if (normalized_angle < 180) {
                    union() for(a = rotation)
                        rotate(a) translate([-radius, 0, 0]) square(radius * 2);
                }
                else if (normalized_angle != 360) {
                    intersection_for(a = rotation)
                        rotate(a) translate([-radius, 0, 0]) square(radius * 2);
                }
            }
    }

}
```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to generate some customizable buttons for 3D printing. I'd like to be able to choose between a few different styles: a completely flat button, a button with a beveled edge, and a button with a decorative rim. All the buttons should have a flat back so they're easy to print.

I need to control the following:

*   The overall diameter of the button.
*   The overall thickness of the button (not including any decorative rims).
*   The number of holes evenly spaced around the button.
*   The diameter of those holes.
*   For the rimmed style, the height of the rim.

I'd like the output to be a parametric OpenSCAD file, or a set of related parametric files, that allows me to specify these parameters. No need to use any external libraries, just plain OpenSCAD. Thanks!

[Assistant]
Custom_button_style1.scad:
```
//button with holes and a rim and a flat back for nice printing
//Customizer variables
//This section is displays the box options
//dimensions of button
//choose a style for the button.  All have flat backs for easy printing (most buttons are one sided anyway)
button_style="rim"; // [flat,bevel_edge,rim]
//total width of the button in mm
button_diameter = 20;	//	[5:100]
//thickness of the button in mm (not including decorative elements)
button_thickness = 3; // [2:50]
//number of holes
holes = 4; // [2,3,4,5,6]
//diameter of the holes in mm
holesize = 1.5; //[1:10]
//height of decorative rim (in mm) for some styles
rim_height = 1; //[1,2,3,4]

button_radius=button_diameter/2;

module buttonbody()
{
	if(button_style=="flat")
		{
		cylinder(button_thickness,button_radius,button_radius);
		}
	else if (button_style=="bevel_edge")
		{
			hull()
			{
			cylinder(0.75*button_thickness,button_radius,button_radius);
			cylinder(button_thickness,0.8*button_radius,0.8*button_radius);//inner
			}
		}
	else if(button_style=="rim")
		{
		union()
		{
		cylinder(button_thickness,button_radius,button_radius);
		difference()
		{
		cylinder(rim_height+button_thickness,button_radius,button_radius);//outer
		cylinder(4+rim_height+button_thickness,0.85*button_radius,0.85*button_radius);//inner cut
}
}
}
}
//add holes
difference()
{
buttonbody();
	for (i=[1:holes])
		{rotate(i*360/holes,[0,0,1])
		 translate([0.5*holesize+0.25*button_radius,0,-2*button_thickness])
		cylinder (4*button_thickness + 4,holesize,holesize);
		}
}

```


[User]
I'm trying to create a line fractal generator in OpenSCAD, similar to the Koch curve but with customizable base shapes. I'd like to be able to define the initial shape as a series of 2D points, and have the program recursively replace each line segment with a scaled and rotated version of that same shape.

Here are the specific features I'd like:

*   **Base Shape:** The ability to define a 2D shape using an array of points, where the first and last points should have a y-value slightly less than zero (e.g. -0.01), and no point should ever go below that negative value. These points should be in the x-y plane. The data structure should use a separate array for the points and a paths array that describes how the points are connected.
*   **Predefined Shapes:** I want the ability to choose from a few predefined shapes (e.g., a square-like shape, a triangle, and a spiky shape). The program should default to the custom shape if none are selected.
*   **Custom Shape:** Allow the user to specify a custom shape using the same point and path array format.
*   **Recursion Depth:** A parameter to control the level of recursion. The number of times the base shape is recursively inserted into each segment, with 1 being the simplest and high numbers increasing the geometric complexity.
*   **Scaling:** A global scaling factor that affects the size of the overall fractal and the initial shape.
*   **Thickness:** The thickness of the 3D extruded fractal.
*  **Appendage:** An option to add a flat base to the fractal. The base should have an option for a height value.
*   **Build Plate:**  Include a build plate module with predefined sizes for Replicator 2, Replicator, and Thingomatic, as well as the option for a manual size specification, all from the `utils/build_plate.scad` library.

I'd like the fractal to be rendered in a way that each recursive level is a different color, getting lighter with each iteration. The output should be a 3D object with a flat base. I'm thinking the base of the fractal should be centered on the origin.

[Assistant]
line_fractal.scad:
```
include <utils/build_plate.scad>
// preview[view:south, tilt:top]

// Pick a predefined Shape or "custom" and define a new one
selected_shape = 0; //[0:Square,1:Triangular,2:Spiky,3:Custom]
// Level of recursion, careful with high recursions, this may be slow
recursion=4; //[1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
// Line in OpenSCAD polygon notation that will be used as base for the fractal. First and last point should have y=0.01 and no point should go below that.
custom_shape = [[[0,-0.01],[1,-0.01],[2,1.9],[3,1.9],[4,-0.01],[5,-0.01]],[[0,1,2,3,4,5]]];
shapes=[[[[0,-0.01],[1,-0.01],[1,0.9],[2,0.9],[2,-0.01],[3,-0.01]],[[0,1,2,3,4,5]]],
	[[[0,-0.01],[1,-0.01],[2,1.75],[3,-0.01],[4,-0.01]],[[0,1,2,3,4]]],
	[[[0,-0.01],[1.5,-0.01],[2.5,1.25],[2,-0.01],[3.5,-0.01]],[[0,1,2,3,4]]]];
scale=30; //[1:100]
thickness = 3; //[1:30]
// How much is added to the base of the fractal
appendage = 10; //[1:50]
build_plate_selector = 0; //[0:Replicator 2,1: Replicator,2:Thingomatic,3:Manual]
build_plate_manual_x = 100; //[100:400]
build_plate_manual_y = 100; //[100:400]
build_plate(build_plate_selector,build_plate_manual_x,build_plate_manual_y);

module fractal(scale,shape,recursion) {
	starttoend=shape[0][0]+shape[0][len(shape[0])-1];
	abslen=sqrt(pow(starttoend[0],2)+pow(starttoend[1],2))*scale;
	heigth=maxy(shape[0],len(shape[0])-1)*scale-appendage;
	translate(shape[0][0]-[abslen/2,appendage+heigth/2,thickness])
	color([1,1,1])
	cube([abslen,appendage,thickness]);
	translate([-abslen/2,-heigth/2,0]) recursive([shape[0]*scale,shape[1]],abslen,recursion);
};

module recursive(shape,abslen,rec,loc=[0,0],rot=0) {
	for(i = [1:len(shape[1][0])-1]) {
		if(rec>0) {
			forline(shape,abslen,rec,loc,rot,i);
		}
	}
	translate(loc)
	rotate(rot)
	color([rec/recursion,rec/recursion,rec/recursion])
	linear_extrude(height=thickness)
	polygon(points = shape[0], paths = shape[1]);
}

module forline(shape,abslen,rec,loc,rot,i) {
	p1=shape[0][shape[1][0][i-1]];
	p2=shape[0][shape[1][0][i]];
	line=p2-p1;
	len=sqrt(pow(line[0],2)+pow(line[1],2));
	alpha=atan2(line[1],line[0]);
	beta=atan2(p1[1],p1[0])+rot;
	len2=sqrt(pow(p1[0],2)+pow(p1[1],2));
	pnew=[cos(beta)*len2,sin(beta)*len2];
	recursive([shape[0]*len/abslen,shape[1]],len,rec-1,loc+pnew,alpha+rot);
}

if(selected_shape>2) {
	fractal(scale,custom_shape,recursion);
} else {
	fractal(scale,shapes[selected_shape],recursion);
}

function maxy(points, index=0)=index<0?0:max(points[index][1],maxy(points,index-1));
```


[User]
Hi! I'm looking to create a temperature tower for my 3D printer, but I want it to be customizable. I've seen a few designs out there, but I'd like to generate my own OpenSCAD file(s) from scratch. I have some requirements, though!

Firstly, I need a tower of labels, each representing a different temperature. The tower will step down from a starting temperature by a fixed decrement each level. I'd like to be able to specify the starting temperature, the temperature decrement per level, and the total number of labels.

Each label should consist of a rounded rectangle with a temperature displayed on it. I want the text to be a certain height and I want a specific font that I can specify in my code so that I can change it later.  I also want to be able to specify the width of the label. In addition to the temperature text, each label should have a small test pattern consisting of a square and three circles of decreasing diameter.

Finally, I need support structures at the beginning and end of the labels, like fins. They should run the entire height of the labels, should be a specified width, and should be extruded.

I'd like these things to be customizable:
*   The label width (thickness)
*   The label height (this should control the overall size)
*   The starting temperature
*   The temperature decrement
*   The number of labels
*   The text height
*   The font to use for text
*   The support structure width

I think I'll need a `roundedRect` module, a `label` module, and a `support` module. I'll also need to use the built-in `text` function and a `for` loop to create each layer. I think I have a pretty good idea of how to set up the file(s) but could you start from scratch and generate the entire set of files for me? I'm also not sure if I need an additional library or not, could you let me know before you generate the files?

[Assistant]
temperature_test_2.scad:
```
// By Glyn Cowles March 2014
use <write/Write.scad> //WriteScad By Harlan Martin harlan@sutlog.com
// label width, not too wide or you will have lots of tedious infill
lbl_wd=1.5;
// label height, this is the value to search for when changing the temp
lbl_ht=15;
//bottom label temp
Start_temp=215;
//amount to decrement temperature
dec_temp=5;
//Number of labels
iterations=5;

/* [Hidden] */
txt_ht=lbl_ht*.7;
lbl_length=lbl_ht*4;
mfont="stencil_fix.dxf"; // from romankornfeld http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:100779/#files

$fn=50;
width=lbl_ht;
size=[lbl_length,width,lbl_wd];
circle1=txt_ht*.25;
circle2=txt_ht*.15;
circle3=txt_ht*.07;

for (i=[0:iterations-1]) {
	translate([0,0,i*width]) rotate(a=[90,0,0]) label(str(Start_temp-i*dec_temp));
	}
translate([3,0,0])rotate(a=[0,270,0]) support(width*iterations,15);
translate([lbl_length-2,0,0])rotate(a=[0,270,0]) support(width*iterations,15);

//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
module support(sh,sw) {
linear_extrude(1.5) square([sh,sw]);
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
module label(text) {
	difference() {
		roundedRect(size,3);
		translate([txt_ht/3,(width-txt_ht)/2,0]) write(text,t=lbl_wd,h=txt_ht,font=mfont);
		translate([txt_ht*3,(width-txt_ht)/2,0]) linear_extrude(lbl_wd) square([txt_ht*1.3,txt_ht]);
		translate([txt_ht*5,(width-txt_ht)/2+circle1/2,0]) linear_extrude(lbl_wd) circle(circle1);
		translate([txt_ht*5,(width-txt_ht)/2+txt_ht-circle2/2,0]) linear_extrude(lbl_wd) circle(circle2);
		translate([txt_ht*5,(width/2)+circle3,0]) linear_extrude(lbl_wd) circle(circle3);
	}
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
module roundedRect(size, radius) {
x = size[0];
y = size[1];
z = size[2];

linear_extrude(height=z)
hull() {
translate([radius, radius, 0])
circle(r=radius);

translate([x - radius, radius, 0])
circle(r=radius);

translate([x - radius, y - radius, 0])
circle(r=radius);

translate([radius, y - radius, 0])
circle(r=radius);
}
}
```
temperature_test_3.scad:
```
// By Glyn Cowles March 2014, updated March 2018

// label width, not too wide or you will have lots of tedious infill
lbl_wd=.5;
// label height, this is the value to search for when changing the temp
lbl_ht=10;
//bottom label temp
Start_temp=215;
//amount to decrement temperature
dec_temp=5;
//Number of labels
iterations=6;

/* [Hidden] */
txt_ht=lbl_ht*.6;
lbl_length=lbl_ht*3;
mfont="RM playtime stencil";

$fn=50;
width=lbl_ht;
size=[lbl_length,width,lbl_wd];
circle1=txt_ht*.25;
circle2=txt_ht*.15;
circle3=txt_ht*.07;

for (i=[0:iterations-1]) {
	translate([0,0,i*width]) rotate(a=[90,0,0]) label(str(Start_temp-i*dec_temp));
	}
translate([lbl_wd,0,0])rotate(a=[0,270,0]) support(width*iterations,10);
translate([lbl_length,0,0])rotate(a=[0,270,0]) support(width*iterations,10);

//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
module support(sh,sw) {
linear_extrude(lbl_wd) square([sh,sw]);
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
module label(text) {
	difference() {
		roundedRect(size,3);
		translate([txt_ht/3,(width-txt_ht)/1.5,0]) linear_extrude(lbl_wd) text(text,size=txt_ht*1.7,font=mfont);
		translate([txt_ht*2.5,(width-txt_ht)/2,0]) linear_extrude(lbl_wd) square([txt_ht*1.3,txt_ht]);
		translate([txt_ht*4.5,(width-txt_ht)/2+circle1/2,0]) linear_extrude(lbl_wd) circle(circle1);
		translate([txt_ht*4.5,(width-txt_ht)/2+txt_ht-circle2/2,0]) linear_extrude(lbl_wd) circle(circle2);
		translate([txt_ht*4.5,(width/2)+circle3,0]) linear_extrude(lbl_wd) circle(circle3);
	}
}
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
module roundedRect(size, radius) {
x = size[0];
y = size[1];
z = size[2];

linear_extrude(height=z)
hull() {
translate([radius, radius, 0])
circle(r=radius);

translate([x - radius, radius, 0])
circle(r=radius);

translate([x - radius, y - radius, 0])
circle(r=radius);

translate([radius, y - radius, 0])
circle(r=radius);
}
}
```


[User]
I'm looking to design a wall holder for my electronic cigarette, and I'd like it to be parametric so I can adjust it for different sizes in the future. The basic idea is a cylindrical holder with a mounting flange on the back and a partial cutout on the front for easy access. I have an e-cig with a 24mm diameter but I’d like to be able to change this with a parameter, and the holder should be around 70mm long, again, with that as a changeable parameter.

Specifically, I need the following features controlled by parameters:

*   **Cigarette Diameter:** The internal diameter of the cylinder to hold the e-cig. Let's call this `cigarete_diameter`. Default should be 24mm, with a range of 10mm to 30mm.
*   **Holder Length:** The length of the cylindrical part of the holder. Let’s call this `holder_length`.  Default should be 70mm, with a range of 40mm to 100mm.
*  **Wall Thickness:**  The thickness of the walls of the cylinder. Let’s call this `wall_thikness`. Default should be 1mm, with a range of 1mm to 3mm.
*   **Mounting Hole Diameter:**  The diameter of the mounting holes on the flange. Let's call this `holes_diameter`.  Default should be 3.5mm, with a range of 2mm to 5mm.

The holder should have a cylindrical body, and a flange that extends to the sides and back. It should be fairly simple, a cylinder, a base, and a cutout. There should also be two mounting holes on the flange. Additionally, the edges of the flange should have a rounded profile, as shown in the included code's `shape5()` module, including the little cutouts for a more decorative look. The two mounting holes should be located at 1/4 and 3/4 of the holder length, along the center of the flat part of the flange.

Could you generate an OpenSCAD file with these parametric features? I don't need any special libraries for this.

[Assistant]
eCig_holder.scad:
```
//Diameter of cigarette
cigarete_diameter = 24; //[10:30]

//Length of holder
holder_length = 70; //[40:100]

//Thikness of holder walls
wall_thikness = 1; //[1:3]

//Mount holes diameter
holes_diameter = 3.5; //[2:5]

// in n*wall_thikness
//angle_round = 3; //[1-6]

/*[Hidden]*/
ed=cigarete_diameter;
el=holder_length;
w=wall_thikness;
//dr=angle_round;

m4d = holes_diameter;

tw = ed+w*2;
tl = el+w*2;
dn_h = w*3;
up_h = w*6;
b_dpth = tw/2;

holder();

module shape5(){
	x1 = tw;
	x2 = b_dpth;
	x3 = tw*2/3;
	r1 = x3-x2;
	r2 = r1/2;
	dr = (x3-x2)/2;
	r = r1;
	y1 = dn_h;
	y2 = tl/2;
	y4 = tl;
	union(){
		difference(){
			polygon(points=[
				[x1,y1],[x2+r,y1],[x2,y1+r],[x2,y2-r/2],[x3,y2+r/2],[x3,y4-r],[x2,y4],[x2,y4+1],[x1,y4+1]
				],path=[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]
			);
			translate([x2+r,y2-r+(r/2)/sqrt(2)-r/4])
				for(i=[0:5:45]){
					rotate([0,0,-i])
						translate([-r-r/4,0])
							square([r/2,r],true);
			}
			translate([x2,y4-r])
				circle(r, $fn=16);
		}
		translate([x2+r,y1+r])
			circle(r, $fn=16);
		for(i=[0:5:45]){
			translate([x3-r,y2+r-(r/2)/sqrt(2)+r/4])
				rotate([0,0,-i])
					translate([r+r/4,0])
						square([r/2,r],true);
		}
	}
}

module shape(){
//	hull()
	difference(){
		square([tw,tl]);
		shape2();
	}
}

module holder(){
	translate([0,-tw/4,0])
		difference(){
			union(){
				linear_extrude(height=tl, convexity = 2){
					square([tw,tw/2],true);
					translate([0,-tw/4])
						circle(r=tw/2);
				}
				translate([-tw/2,tw/4,0])
					cube([tw,w,tl]);
			}
			translate([0,-tw/4,w])
				cylinder(r=ed/2,h=tl);
	//		translate([-tw/2-1,-tw,w*3])
	//			#cube([tw+2,tw,tl*3/4]);
			rotate([90,0,-90])
				translate([-tw/4,0,-tw/2-1])
				linear_extrude(height=tw+2, convexity = 2)
					shape5();
			for(i=[tl/4,tl*3/4])
				translate([0,tw/4,i])
					rotate([90,0,0])
						hole(m4d);
			assign(lnth=ed-w)
			translate([-lnth/2,-tw*3/4,tl/3])
				cube([lnth,tw/2,tl*2/3+1]);
		}
}

module hole(diam){
	l1=w*5;
	l2=diam/2;
	l3=w*5;
	translate([0,0,-l1])
		cylinder(r=diam/2, h=l1+1, $fn=16);
	translate([0,0,0])
		cylinder(r1=diam/2, r2=diam, h=l2, $fn=16);
	translate([0,0,l2])
		cylinder(r=diam, h=l3, $fn=16);
}
```


[User]
I'd like a parametric coffee scoop designed in OpenSCAD. It should have a spherical scoop, a handle, and a cylindrical grip at the end of the handle.

Here are the specific parameters I want to control:

*   **`num_tablespoons`**: An integer representing the volume of the scoop in tablespoons (1, 2, 3, or 4 should work).
*   **`handle_length`**: The length of the handle in millimeters.
*   **`handle_width`**: The width of the handle in millimeters.
*  **`handle_thickness`**: The thickness of the handle in millimeters.
*   **`grip_width`**: The diameter of the cylindrical grip at the end of the handle in millimeters.

The scoop should be a hollowed-out sphere. The handle should be a rectangular prism (cube) connected to the sphere, and the grip should be a cylinder attached to the end of the handle.

I expect the OpenSCAD design to be parametric, so changing the parameters should change the resulting scoop size, handle length, and grip size appropriately. The code should also have a comment with each parameter, as well as the overall volume calculation.

[Assistant]
coffee_scoop.scad:
```
// Scoop size (#of Tablespoons)
num_tablespoons = 1; // 1, 2, 3, 4

// Handle Length (mm)
handle_length    = 80;

// Handle Width (mm)
handle_width     = 10;

// Handle Thickness (mm)
handle_thickness = 3;

// Grip Width (mm)
grip_width = 15;

volume = 14787*2*num_tablespoons;
radius = pow((volume * 3) / (4 * 3.1415), 1/3);
echo(radius);

coffee_scoop();

$fn=50;
module coffee_scoop() {

	difference() {

		union() { // objects to add to the design
			sphere(r=radius, center=true);
			translate([handle_length/2 + radius-2, 0, handle_thickness/2])
					cube([handle_length, handle_width, handle_thickness], center = true);
			translate([handle_length   + radius-2, 0, handle_thickness/2])
					cylinder(h=handle_thickness, r=grip_width/2, center=true);
		}

		union() { // object to subtract from the design
			translate([0,0,-radius]) cube([radius*2, radius*2, radius*2], center=true);
			sphere(r=radius-2, center=true);
		}
	}

}
```
coffee_scoop.scad:
```
// Scoop size (#of Tablespoons)
num_tablespoons = 1; // 1, 2, 3, 4

// Handle Length (mm)
handle_length    = 80;

// Handle Width (mm)
handle_width     = 10;

// Handle Thickness (mm)
handle_thickness = 3;

// Grip Width (mm)
grip_width = 15;

volume = 14787*2*num_tablespoons;
radius = pow((volume * 3) / (4 * 3.1415), 1/3);
echo(radius);

coffee_scoop();

$fn=50;
module coffee_scoop() {

	difference() {

		union() { // objects to add to the design
			sphere(r=radius+2, center=true);
			translate([handle_length/2 + radius, 0, handle_thickness/2])
					cube([handle_length, handle_width, handle_thickness], center = true);
			translate([handle_length   + radius, 0, handle_thickness/2])
					cylinder(h=handle_thickness, r=grip_width/2, center=true);
		}

		union() { // object to subtract from the design
			translate([0,0,-(radius+2)]) cube([(radius+2)*2, (radius+2)*2, (radius+2)*2], center=true);
			sphere(r=radius, center=true);
		}
	}

}
```


[User]
I'm trying to design a jig for practicing knife sharpening with a steel. I have an existing design that I'm not entirely happy with, but it does the basic job, which is to guide the knife at a consistent angle against the steel. I'd like to create something similar, but much more flexible, and I want it to be driven by parameters so I can easily adjust the angle.

Essentially, the current design (which I've included as `KnifeSteelAngleGuide.scad`) uses two angled cubes to create a groove for the knife steel. The design subtracts a cylinder from this to make the guide, but there's a lot I want to change.

Here's what I'm looking for:

1.  **Parametric Angle:** The primary goal is to make the sharpening angle a parameter, not just hardcoded numbers. I need to be able to set a variable that controls the angle from both sides of the guide. It would be ideal if there was an option for one angle to be different from the other.

2.  **Rod Diameter Parameter:** The size of the rod is a parameter, so I don't have to keep looking it up or changing it in the code in multiple places.

3.  **Variable Width:** The length of the cube that defines the groove should be a parameter and called Width.

4.  **Base Options:** I want to be able to easily switch between a simple base (like a cylinder) and no base, to allow for different uses and printing requirements. So, a variable for `base_type` with options of "none" or "cylinder" should do. If cylinder is chosen, a base_height parameter should set how far down the cylinder goes, and a base_diameter should set the radius.

5.  **Minkowski Option:** Currently the design uses a minkowski to round the edges. I don't know if it's the most efficient way, but it should be optional (e.g. "true" or "false"). If set to true, allow `rounding_radius` variable to define the size of the radius.

6.  **Clean Separation:** The guide cut should be a cylinder (same diameter as the steel), that's easy to change.

7. **More descriptive names.** I didn't want to specify this earlier but `RodDiameter` isn't the best name. I'd prefer `rod_diameter` or `steel_diameter`.

Could you generate the OpenSCAD code for this? I don't need any special libraries besides the standard ones.

[Assistant]
KnifeSteelAngleGuide.scad:
```
RodDiameter = 9.5;

difference()
{
	minkowski()
	{
		hull()
		{
			difference()
			{
				union()
				{
					// This is for one side, adjust the a=20 to do a different angle
					rotate(a=20, v=[1,0,0]) translate ([0,RodDiameter/2,0]) cube([RodDiameter*1.5,RodDiameter/2,RodDiameter], center=true);
					// This is for the other side, adjust the a=-20 to do a different angle
					rotate(a=-20, v=[1,0,0]) translate ([0,-RodDiameter/2,0]) cube([RodDiameter*1.5,RodDiameter/2,RodDiameter], center=true);
				}
				translate([0,0,-RodDiameter*1.25]) cube(RodDiameter*2, RodDiameter*2, RodDiameter*2, center=true);
			}

		}
	 sphere(r=2);
	}
cylinder (r=RodDiameter/2, h = 100, center=true);
}
```


[User]
I'm looking to design some custom 3D-printable parts that can interface with standard copper plumbing pipes. I'd like a modular system where I can create fittings with specific tolerances to either snugly fit *inside* a copper pipe, *outside* a copper pipe, or both. The design should be parametric using OpenSCAD so I can easily adjust for different pipe sizes and classes (K, L, M, and DWV).

Here are the specific parameters I need to be able to adjust:

*   **Pipe Class:** The copper pipe class, which would be one of "K", "L", "M", or "DWV".
*   **Nominal Size:** The nominal size of the copper pipe. The options I need are: 1/4", 3/8", 1/2", 5/8", 3/4", 1", 1 1/4", 1 1/2", 2", 2 1/2", and 3".
*   **Length:** The length of the fitting, in millimeters.
*   **Fitting Type:** This specifies what kind of fitting to generate. I need the following options:
    *   "Outside fitting": A solid cylinder with an outer diameter matching the selected copper pipe's outer diameter, plus or minus tolerance.
    *   "Outside fitting - boolean diff": A solid that can be used to cut a hole with the outer diameter of the pipe, plus or minus tolerance.
    *   "Inside fitting": A hollow cylinder with an inner diameter matching the selected copper pipe's inner diameter, plus or minus tolerance.
    *   "Inside fitting - boolean diff": A solid that can be used to cut a hole with the inner diameter of the pipe, plus or minus tolerance.
    *   "Inside outside": A fitting that combines the inner and outer fitting, such as an adapter.
    *   "Inside outside - boolean diff": A solid that can be used to cut a combined inner and outer fitting hole.
*   **Tightness:**  A tolerance value in millimeters that adjusts the fit of the fitting.  A positive value should make the hole slightly larger than the pipe, or the outer cylinder slightly bigger. A negative value would do the opposite.
*   **Resolution:** The number of points to use per cylinder's circle - this can be used to increase or decrease how smooth/round the fitting is.

For the tolerances, I'd like to be able to specify a single value that's added (or subtracted, depending on inner/outer and boolean diff) to the diameter of the pipe. This value should be in millimeters. I'd expect that a positive tolerance value would mean that an "outside fitting" would be slightly larger than the pipe so it can fit over it, and an "inside fitting" would have a slightly larger hole.

I want the code to be easily modified and extended. Please ensure that the design is clean and well-commented. I do not need the code to depend on any special libraries other than the standard OpenSCAD environment.

[Assistant]
copper_pipe.scad:
```
// This generates geometry for creating copper pipe fittings
// Licensed under Creative Commons: Attribution, Share-Alike
//		http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/
// For attribution you can direct people to the original file on thingiverse:
// 		http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:283551

// ================ variables

//CUSTOMIZER VARIABLES

/* [Main] */

// Rated strength
copper_pipe_class="K"; // [K,L,M,DWV]

// copper_nominal size ("inch") NOTE: All sizes may not be available for all classes,(M is missing a few smaller sizes and DWV only has a few large sizes)
copper_nom_idx=0; // [0:1/4,1:3/8,2:1/2,3:5/8,4:3/4,5:1,6:1 1/4,7:1 1/2,8:2 ,9:2 1/2,10:3]

// Length in mm
length=35;

// What to generate
generate=1; // [0:outside fitting,1:outside fitting - boolean diff,2:inside fitting,3:inside fitting - boolean diff,4:inside outside,5:inside outside - boolean diff]

// Tightness of fit, in mm (0=tight 0.3=snug 0.6=loose)
tightness=0.3; // 0.0,1.0

// In points per cylinder
resolution=64;

//CUSTOMIZER VARIABLES END
/* [Hidden] */

// =============== calculated variables
$fn=resolution;

// =============== program

// ---- Data
copper_nom_data=["1/4","3/8","1/2","5/8","3/4","1","1 1/4","1 1/2","2","2 1/2","3"];
copper_class_k_id_data  =[0.305,0.402,0.527,0.652,0.745,0.995,1.245,1.481,1.959,2.435,2.907];
copper_class_k_od_data  =[0.375,0.500,1.000,0.750,0.875,1.125,1.375,1.625,2.125,2.625,3.125];
copper_class_l_id_data  =[0.315,0.430,0.545,0.666,0.785,1.025,1.265,1.505,1.985,2.465,2.945];
copper_class_l_od_data  =[0.375,0.500,1.000,0.750,0.875,1.125,1.375,1.625,2.125,2.625,3.125];
copper_class_m_id_data  =[0.000,0.450,0.569,0.000,0.811,1.055,1.291,1.527,2.009,2.495,2.981];
copper_class_m_od_data  =[0.000,0.500,1.000,0.000,0.875,1.125,1.375,1.625,2.125,2.625,3.125];
copper_class_dwv_id_data=[0.000,0.000,0.000,0.000,0.000,0.000,1.295,1.541,2.041,0.000,3.030];
copper_class_dwv_od_data=[0.000,0.000,0.000,0.000,0.000,0.000,1.375,1.625,2.125,0.000,3.125];
in2mm=25.4;

//---- Functions

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// module create_copper_component()
// This generates geometry for creating copper pipe fittings.
// In general, you should use create_copper() instead because it gives more options.
// copper_pipe_class = Copper pipe class ("K","L","M",or "DWV")
// copper_nom_idx = copper_nominal size index as described by copper_nom_data[]
// length - Length in mm
// generate - What to generate:
//		0="outside fitting"
//		1="outside fitting - boolean diff"
//		2="inside fitting"
//		3="inside fitting - boolean diff"
// tightness - Tightness of fit, in mm (0=tight 0.3=snug 0.6=loose)
module create_copper_component(copper_pipe_class="K",copper_nom_idx=0,generate=0,tightness=0.02,length=35) {
	dia=
	(in2mm*(copper_pipe_class=="K" ?
		(generate==0||generate==1?copper_class_k_od_data[copper_nom_idx]:copper_class_k_id_data[copper_nom_idx])
		:
		copper_pipe_class=="L" ?
		(generate==0||generate==1?copper_class_l_od_data[copper_nom_idx]:copper_class_l_id_data[copper_nom_idx])
		:
		copper_pipe_class=="M" ?
		(generate==0||generate==1?copper_class_m_od_data[copper_nom_idx]:copper_class_m_id_data[copper_nom_idx])
		:
		(generate==0||generate==1?copper_class_dwv_od_data[copper_nom_idx]:copper_class_dwv_id_data[copper_nom_idx])
	))
	+(generate==2||generate==3?-tightness:tightness);
	echo("========== INFO ==========");
	echo(str("for ",copper_nom_data[copper_nom_idx],"in (copper_nom) pipe"));
	echo(str("created ",dia,"mm dia part"));
	echo(str("including ",(generate==2||generate==3?-tightness:tightness),"mm for fit"));
	echo("==========================");
	// now draw it
	rotate([90,0,0]) if(generate==1||generate==3){
		cylinder(r=dia/2,h=length,center=true);
	}else{
		difference() {
			cube([dia+10,dia+10,length],center=true);
			cylinder(r=dia/2,h=length*2,center=true);
		}
	}
};

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// module create_copper()
// This generates geometry for creating copper pipe fittings.
// Just like create_copper_component() only adds generate options 4 and 5
// copper_pipe_class = Copper pipe class ("K","L","M",or "DWV")
// copper_nom_idx = copper_nominal size index as described by copper_nom_data[]
// length - Length in mm
// generate - What to generate:
//		0="outside fitting"
//		1="outside fitting - boolean diff"
//		2="inside fitting"
//		3="inside fitting - boolean diff"
//		4="inside outside"
//		5="inside outside - boolean diff"
// tightness - Tightness of fit, in mm (0=tight 0.3=snug 0.6=loose)
module create_copper(copper_pipe_class="K",copper_nom_idx=0,generate=0,tightness=0.02,length=35) {
	if(generate<=3){
		create_copper_component(copper_pipe_class,copper_nom_idx,generate,tightness,length);
	}
	else if(generate==4){
		difference() {
			create_copper_component(copper_pipe_class,copper_nom_idx,1,tightness,length);
			create_copper_component(copper_pipe_class,copper_nom_idx,3,tightness,length*2);
		}
	}
	else{
		union() {
			create_copper_component(copper_pipe_class,copper_nom_idx,0,tightness,length);
			create_copper_component(copper_pipe_class,copper_nom_idx,3,tightness,length);
		}
	}
};

//---- The program
create_copper(copper_pipe_class,copper_nom_idx,generate,tightness,length);

```


[User]
Hey there, I'm looking to get a custom phone clip designed in OpenSCAD, and I was hoping you could help.

I want a clip that attaches to the side of my phone and has a holder for a pencil or pen. Basically, I'm looking to merge my analog and digital worlds, haha.

Here's the breakdown of what I need, and it's going to be parametric so I can adjust things later.

For the **phone**:

*   `phone_width`:  This is the width of the phone itself. Let's say it's 59.5mm as a starting point.
*   `phone_thickness`: The thickness of the phone - 9mm is my current thickness.
*   `phone_face_radius`:  The radius of the curve going from the side of the phone to the front face (screen) - a value of 1mm seems good to me. If it's 0, the phone edge would be square rather than rounded.
*   `phone_back_radius`:  Similar to the above, but for the back of the phone - about 3mm curvature here. Setting this to 0 would also result in a square edge.

For the **pen/pencil holder**:

*   `pencil_shape`:  This will define the shape of the hole for the pen/pencil. I want to be able to choose between a circle (0) or a hexagon (6).
*   `pencil_diameter`:  This is the diameter across the flats of the pencil for a hexagon, or the diameter for a circular pencil - let's use 7mm for now.
*   `pencil_rotation`: This will allow me to rotate the pen holder part to any angle (0-360). 30 degrees is a good starting point.

For the **clip**:

*   `clip_inset`: The width of the part that actually grips the front of the phone. Let's start with a 1mm inset. It should be more than the phone's face radius for it to work.
*   `clip_walls`:  This is the minimum thickness of the clip walls, including the distance between the phone and pencil holder. Make this 2mm at least.
*   `clip_height`: The overall height of the clip. I think 15mm would work for most use cases, though I might adjust this in my slicer to get the Z height I want.

I'd like the design to be made using the `MCAD/regular_shapes.scad` library if possible. This library has a function for generating regular polygons which I want to use for the pen holder if I choose the hexagonal shape.

I want the clip to fit around the convex hull of both the phone and the pen holder, and then I need to remove the parts themselves to create the space for the phone and the pencil. I think using the `minkowski()` function on a circle with a radius equal to the wall thickness will do what I want to get the outside shape. There should also be a face cutout so that the clip can actually grip the front of the phone, and I might want some little round nubbins for better grip.

Can you generate the OpenSCAD code for me, with all of these parameters? Thanks!

[Assistant]
pencilclip.scad:
```
// Customizable Phone Pencil Clip
// preview[view:south, tilt:top];

use <MCAD/regular_shapes.scad>;

/* [Phone] */

phone_width = 59.5;

phone_thickness = 9;

// Radius of phone cross section curvature from sides to face. Set to 0 for square corners.
phone_face_radius = 1;

// Radius of phone cross section curvature from sides to back. Set to 0 for square corners.
phone_back_radius = 3;

/* [Pencil] */

// Determines shape of pencil socket in clip.
pencil_shape = 6; // [0:Circular, 6:Hexagonal]

// For hexagonal pencils, measure the diameter from flat side to side, not from corner to corner.
pencil_diameter = 7;

// Adjust orientation of pencil socket. Doesn't really matter for circular pencils.
pencil_rotation = 30; // [0:360]

/* [Clip] */

// Width of clip grips on front face of phone, not counting rounded ends. Recommended values >= phone face radius.
clip_inset = 1;

// Minimum thickness of clip walls, including separation between phone and pencil socket.
clip_walls = 2;

// Alternatively, just scale Z dimension to desired height in your print software.
clip_height = 15;

/* [Hidden] */

$fn = 60;

// radius from apothem (distance from center to midpoint of reg polygon flat sides)
function rfa(sides, apothem) = apothem / cos(180 / sides);

pencil_radius = (pencil_shape == 0 ? pencil_diameter / 2 : rfa(pencil_shape, pencil_diameter / 2));

linear_extrude(height=clip_height) Clip();

module Clip() {

	union() {

		// 4. Subtract part holes and clip face opening from clip outline.
		difference() {

			// 3. ...and roll it around the parts outline to inflate it to clip outline
			minkowski() {

				// 2. We take a circle with radius equal to clip thickness...
				circle(r=clip_walls);

				// 1. The convex hull of Parts is the smallest shape containing
				//    both the phone and pencil holder within its outline.
				hull() Parts();
			}

			union() Parts();
			Face();
		}

		// only add round nubbins if inset > front_radius)
		if (clip_inset >= phone_face_radius) {
			translate([clip_inset, phone_thickness + (clip_walls/2), 0]) circle(r=clip_walls/2);
			translate([phone_width - clip_inset, phone_thickness + (clip_walls/2), 0]) circle(r=clip_walls/2);
		}
	}
}

module Face() {
	// triple height face to ensure clean cut through front of clip
	translate([clip_inset, phone_thickness - clip_walls, 0])
	square([phone_width - (clip_inset * 2), clip_walls * 3]);
}

// Phone and holder cross sections positioned together
module Parts() {
	Phone();

	translate([phone_width + pencil_radius + clip_walls, phone_thickness - pencil_radius, 0]) Holder();
}

module Phone() {
	// Convex hull of the corners is the shape of the phone cross section
	hull() {

		// Corners from sides to front face
		if (phone_face_radius == 0) {
			translate([0, phone_thickness-1, 0]) square(1);
			translate([phone_width-1, phone_thickness-1, 0]) square(1);
		}
		else {
			translate([phone_face_radius, phone_thickness-phone_face_radius, 0]) circle(r = phone_face_radius);
			translate([phone_width-phone_face_radius, phone_thickness-phone_face_radius, 0]) circle(r=phone_face_radius);
		}

		// Corners from back surface to sides
		if (phone_back_radius == 0) {
			translate([0, 0, 0]) square(1);
			translate([phone_width-1, 0, 0]) square(1);
		}
		else {
			translate([phone_width-phone_back_radius, phone_back_radius, 0]) circle(r=phone_back_radius);
			translate([phone_back_radius, phone_back_radius, 0]) circle(r=phone_back_radius);
		}
	}
}

module Holder() {
	if (pencil_shape == 0) {
		circle(r=pencil_radius);
	}
	else {
		// circle(r=pencil_radius, $fn=pencil_shape) will work as a vanilla way to make a reg_polygon.
		rotate([0, 0, pencil_rotation]) reg_polygon(sides=pencil_shape, radius=pencil_radius);
	}
}
```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to design some hubs for a 2V geodesic dome, and I'd like to be able to easily adjust the design based on the rod diameter I'm using. I need two types of hubs: one with six holes and another with five holes. These will be used to build the dome with A and B rods as explained here: http://www.desertdomes.com/dome2calc.html.

Essentially, I'd like a parametric OpenSCAD design where I can specify the rod diameter, and the hub dimensions will adjust accordingly. The hub design should consist of a cylinder with holes angled outwards for the rods, and I need two separate modules to output either the five or six hole variant. The holes should be angled outwards by about 16 degrees.

Can you generate the OpenSCAD files for me, and make sure it's well-commented? It would be helpful if I could render just one of the hub types at a time, too. Let me know if you need any more information! I don't have any preference for external libraries - whatever you think is best.

[Assistant]
plates.scad:
```
// Script to create hubs for a 2V dome using a certain rod size.
// Dome requires 20 six hole hubs and 6 five hole hubs.
// Will require 35 A (long) and 30 B (short) rods.
// A/B rod ratio is about 1.131:1.
// Six hole hubs are used instead of four hole hubs for base.
// See here for more info http://www.desertdomes.com/dome2calc.html

// preview
part = 56; // [56:both,5:penta,6:hexa]
function opt(x) = search(str(x), str(part)); // part helper.
// diameter in mm. e.g. 3.5 = bamboo skewer.
rod = 3.5;

main(rod);

module main(rod) {
	$fn = 48; // Cylinder faces.
	space = 5; // Space between parts.
	if (opt(5))
		plate(5, rod); // 5 hole plate.
	if (opt(6))
		translate([(rod*4) + space, 0, 0]) plate(6, rod); // 6 hole plate off to the right.
}

module plate(num, rod) {
	// Create a cylinder and put holes in it.
	difference() {
		hub(rod);
		holes(num, rod);
	}
}

module hub(rod) {
	// Make cylinder big enough to fit rods.
	cylinder(h = (rod * 2) - 1, r = rod * 2);
}

module holes(num, rod) {
	// Put holes in cylinder and tilt them.
	angle = 16; // approximate.
	for (i= [1:num]) {
		rotate([angle,0,360 / num * i]) hole(rod);
	}
}
module hole(rod) {
	// Single cylinder.
	rotate([90, 0, 0])
	translate([0, rod + rod / 4, rod / 2])
	cylinder(r = rod / 2, h = rod * 2);
}

```


[User]
I'd like to create a pixel art photo panel that I can 3D print. I'd like the pixels to be represented as different sized diamonds that are connected together in vertical columns, like beads on a string.

Here are the basic requirements:

*   **Image Input:** I need to be able to specify an image, which will be reduced to a 20x20 grid. I'm okay with handling the image resizing and cropping outside of the OpenSCAD code itself.
*   **Pixel Representation:** Each pixel in the grid should be represented as a diamond shape, where the size of the diamond corresponds to the brightness of the pixel. A black pixel should produce a small diamond, and a white pixel should be a larger diamond.
*   **Pixel Connections:** The diamonds should be connected together in vertical columns, resembling beads on a string. The space between the beads should be variable.
*   **Border:** I need a border around the whole panel.
*   **Panel Shape:** I want to be able to choose between a square and a circle for the overall panel shape.

Here are the parameters I'd like to control via Customizer:

*   `picture`: This will be a 20x20 array of brightness values (floats) between 0 and 1. I'll handle the image processing myself.
*   `panel_shape`:  An option, either `0` for square or `1` for a circle.
*    `border_width`:  The width of the border relative to a single pixel size.
*   `thickness`: The thickness of the entire panel, also relative to a single pixel size.
*    `pixel_shape`:  I'd like options here. Maybe 4 for diamond, 8 for octagon and 16 for circle, like the last one.
*    `orientation`: Boolean value, set to `true` for vertical strands and `false` for horizontal ( though I think I just want vertical).
*    `grid_size`: How much space will be used for the support grid, again relative to a single pixel size.
*   `pixel_size`: The base size of each pixel relative to the unit pixel size.
*   `pixel_elongation`: A factor to apply to the size of each pixel along the strand connections, which would make the "beads" more continuous.

I'd also like the following things:

*   The code should be well-commented and easy to understand.
* I'd like the code to generate the support structure for the pixels, not just the pixels themselves.

I think that's everything. Let me know if you have any questions.

[Assistant]
pixel-beads.scad:
```
// Customizable Pixel Beads Photo Panel
// preview[view:south, tilt:top];

/* [Image] */

// Picture is reduced to 20x20. You may wish to crop and resize it manually before uploading. Check "Invert Colors".
picture = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0.541, 0.525, 0.22, 0.106, 0.125, 0.275, 0.302, 0.306, 0.42, 0.298, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.329, 0.498, 0.525, 0.196, 0.227, 0.271, 0.306, 0.271, 0.243, 0.196, 0.078, 0.016, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.004, 0.008, 0.525, 0.588, 0.478, 0.302, 0.369, 0.447, 0.471, 0.42, 0.337, 0.282, 0.196, 0.039, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.004, 0.004, 0.02, 0.49, 0.788, 0.631, 0.42, 0.514, 0.424, 0.349, 0.314, 0.325, 0.267, 0.184, 0.106, 0.008, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.004, 0.161, 0.737, 0.812, 0.6, 0.439, 0.271, 0.612, 0.557, 0.506, 0.396, 0.388, 0.239, 0.043, 0.02, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.004, 0.004, 0.318, 0.769, 0.792, 0.514, 0.329, 0.765, 0.796, 0.8, 0.784, 0.588, 0.616, 0.753, 0.588, 0.106, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.004, 0.047, 0.765, 0.761, 0.333, 0.553, 0.792, 0.859, 0.89, 0.694, 0.357, 0.753, 0.867, 0.678, 0.059, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.004, 0.004, 0.624, 0.58, 0.624, 0.271, 0.384, 0.443, 0.569, 0.533, 0.49, 0.333, 0.384, 0.604, 0.494, 0.008, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.004, 0, 0.482, 0.776, 0.545, 0.522, 0.431, 0.42, 0.522, 0.592, 0.451, 0.306, 0.231, 0.251, 0.118, 0.035, 0.004, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.012, 0.031, 0.463, 0.506, 0.553, 0.58, 0.596, 0.624, 0.639, 0.957, 0.733, 0.757, 0.31, 0.145, 0.482, 0.004, 0.004, 0, 0, 0.004, 0, 0.004, 0.459, 0.612, 0.576, 0.627, 0.612, 0.678, 0.635, 0.729, 0.71, 0.333, 0.455, 0.176, 0.047, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.004, 0, 0.004, 0.004, 0.584, 0.592, 0.584, 0.627, 0.859, 0.808, 0.757, 0.733, 0.529, 0.455, 0.137, 0.008, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.004, 0.008, 0.004, 0.447, 0.643, 0.667, 0.733, 0.624, 0.51, 0.557, 0.537, 0.459, 0.306, 0.008, 0.008, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.004, 0.004, 0.004, 0.039, 0.639, 0.663, 0.733, 0.655, 0.682, 0.812, 0.71, 0.361, 0.247, 0.004, 0.004, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.004, 0.004, 0.004, 0.012, 0.541, 0.761, 0.694, 0.659, 0.541, 0.514, 0.408, 0.337, 0.031, 0.008, 0.004, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.004, 0.008, 0.004, 0.016, 0.51, 0.69, 0.71, 0.839, 0.78, 0.745, 0.651, 0.463, 0.008, 0.004, 0.004, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.008, 0.004, 0.004, 0.31, 0.518, 0.588, 0.686, 0.863, 0.863, 0.886, 0.816, 0.247, 0.008, 0.004, 0.008, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0.004, 0.004, 0.039, 0.031, 0.173, 0.525, 0.596, 0.671, 0.757, 0.788, 0.706, 0.392, 0.263, 0.651, 0.239, 0.008, 0.004, 0, 0, 0, 0.502, 0.62, 0.027, 0.031, 0.329, 0.361, 0.639, 0.631, 0.682, 0.659, 0.561, 0.533, 0.278, 0.749, 0.784, 0.745, 0.729, 0.42, 0.482, 0.553, 0.561, 0.639, 0.333, 0.204, 0.322, 0.404, 0.58, 0.569, 0.612, 0.608, 0.659, 0.498, 0.502, 0.812, 0.784, 0.608, 0.694, 0.698, 0.639, 0.569]; // [image_array:20x20]

panel_shape = 1; // [0:Square, 1:Circle]

// Border width relative to unit pixel size.
border_width = 1;

// Image thickness relative to unit pixel size.
thickness = 0.5;

/* [Pixels] */

// Circular and octangular pixels are slower to generate than diamonds.
pixel_shape = 4; // [4:Diamond, 8:Octagon, 16:Circle]

// Orientation of strands connecting pixels.
orientation = true; // [false:Horizontal, true:Vertical]

// The proportion of each pixel's width reserved for the support grid.
grid_size = 0.3;

// The proportion of each pixel's width used to represent variation between white and black pixel values. Pixel size and grid size do not necessarily have to add up to one; sums >1 allow overlap between neighboring strands, while values <1 ensure there is always a gap.
pixel_size = 0.7;

// Elongation is applied to pixel size along strands; it can yield more continuous shapes. Set to 0 to prevent overlap.
pixel_elongation = 1;

/* [Hidden] */

width = 20;
height = 20;
size = width * height;

function px(i) = i % width;
function py(i) = floor(i / width);
function pv(i) = (pixel_size * picture[i]) + grid_size;
function flipy(y) = height - 1 - y;

union() {

	intersection() {
		Image();
		Shape();
	}

	Border();
}

// The border around the image is based on the clipping shape.
module Border() {
	difference() {
		resize([0, 0, thickness], auto=false)
		minkowski() {
			Shape();
			cylinder(r=border_thickness,h=thickness, $fn=30, center=false);
		}
		Shape();
	}
}

// The image is clipped to this shape.
// (Shape is defined at double height just to ensure a clean cut,
// without artifacts in OpenSCAD previews. Customizer, not so much. :-/)
module Shape() {
	if (panel_shape == 0) {
		translate([0, 0, -thickness/2]) cube([width-1, height-1, thickness*2]);
	}
	else {
		translate([(width-1)/2, (height-1)/2, -thickness/2])
		resize([width-1, height-1, thickness*2])
		cylinder(r=1, h=thickness*2, $fn=30);
	}
}

// The image module combines the actual bitmap pixels with the support grid.
module Image() {
	union() {
		Bitmap();
		Grid(orientation);
	}
}

// The grid module defines a sequence of uniform size rectangular strips,
// intended as supports to ensure the bitmap pixels are located correctly.
// The boolean vertical parameter determines the strip orientation.
module Grid(vertical) {
	if (vertical == true) {
		for (i = [0 : width - 1]) {
			translate([i - (grid_size/2), 0, 0]) cube([grid_size, height-1, thickness]);
		}
	}
	else if (vertical == false) {
		for (i = [0 : height - 1]) {
			translate([0, flipy(i) - (grid_size/2), 0]) cube([width-1, grid_size, thickness]);
		}
	}
}

// The bitmap module iterates through every element in the picture array
// and uses the pixel module to draw a pixel object at each bitmap location.
// Pixel size is scaled in one dimension according to brightness.
// (Size may also be scaled in perpendicular direction along strands if elongation is nonzero.)
// (Bonus idea: instead of iterating through the picture array, let the user
// draw a path with a draw_polygon widget, then sample the bitmap at path point,
// and connect pixels with segments from drawn path instead of uniform grid.)
module Bitmap() {
	for (i = [0 : size-1]) {
		assign(x = px(i), y = flipy(py(i)), v = pv(i)) {
			Pixel(x, y,
					(orientation == false ? 1 + (pixel_elongation * v) : v),
					(orientation == true  ? 1 + (pixel_elongation * v) : v));
		}
	}
}

// The pixel module places a "pixel" shape centered at coordinates x, y.
// The pixel is resized to width and height given by w, h.
module Pixel(x, y, w, h) {
	translate([x, y, 0])
	resize([w, h, 0], auto=false)
	linear_extrude(height=thickness)
	circle(r=1, center=true, $fn = pixel_shape);
}

```


[User]
I'd like to design an abacus, similar to the one described in the existing `abacus_configurable_4.scad` file, but I need it to be much more configurable.

Specifically, I want to be able to specify:

*   The number of rows of the abacus.
*   The number of balls per row.
*   The thickness of the box surrounding the abacus frame.
*   The distance between the balls on each row.
*   The radius of the balls.
*   The radius of the rod or dowel on which the balls slide.
*   The amount of space between each ball and the rod.
*   The overall size of the frame/box (maybe automatically derived from the ball size and number, but still configurable as needed.)

I'd like to make each row be independently configurable, so I can specify the number of balls per row. This would mean I could create an abacus for base 5 and base 10, or have different numbers of balls on the different rows.

I think it would be best if the design used modules for each component (box, rods, balls) so it's easy to modify. I'd like the whole thing to be parametric, meaning that I can change parameters at the top of the file and the whole design should update accordingly.

Also, I'm not sure exactly how to handle the end pieces of the frame, but would like to control how far out the rod extend past the frame pieces and how thick the side pieces of the frame are.

Could you generate a set of OpenSCAD files for this? I think some of the more complex shape/mathematical operations would be helpful if put into a library file so it's easier to reuse. I would prefer to keep this all in OpenSCAD rather than using libraries written in other languages if possible.

[Assistant]
abacus_configurable_4.scad:
```
number_of_balls=10;

//Thickness in mm, scaled by 0.6
Thickness_of_box=4;

//Distance between two balls in mm, scaled by 0.6
distance_between_balls=7;

// Configurable Abacus
// Version 3, March 2014

// By default, its a 10-ball version is for the board game Tikal to count the action points remaining
// Print it "upside down" with the feet up. It prints in one go.
// After printing, move the balls a bit and pull out the plastic fibers which are loose.

// Written by MC Geisler (m c genki at gmail dot com)

// This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
// it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
// the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
// (at your option) any later version.
// See the GNU General Public License for more details.

//Scaling the Abacus
scale=0.6;

ball_width_radius=15*scale; //if it would be pointy in the middle
ballabstand=distance_between_balls*scale;
ball_height_radius=ball_width_radius*.8;//the radius of the flattening cylinder in the middle
ball_min_height_radius=ball_height_radius*.966;

stangenradius=ball_width_radius/4;
stangenluft=.75*scale; //bei 1mm*scale wackelts noch, entspricht 0.52356 -> 0,3
echo ("Distance rod to ball: ",stangenluft);

//make the balls with 12 faces
$fn=12;

stangenlaenge=(ball_width_radius+ballabstand)*number_of_balls+ballabstand;

kistendicke=Thickness_of_box*scale;
kistenhoehe=ball_min_height_radius*2+stangenradius;
kisteninnenbreite=ball_height_radius*2.5;
kisteninnenlaenge=stangenlaenge;

kistenlaenge=kisteninnenlaenge+2*kistendicke;
kistenbreite=kisteninnenbreite+2*kistendicke;

echo ("Length of Abacus: ",kistenlaenge);

module halberball()
{
	cylinder(h = ball_width_radius/2, r1 = ball_width_radius, r2 = ball_width_radius/2, center = false);
}

module ball()
{
	rotate([360/$fn/2,0,0])
	rotate([0,90,0])
	difference()
	{
		union()
		{
			halberball();
			mirror([0,0,1]) halberball();
		}
			cylinder(h = ball_width_radius*3, r = stangenradius+stangenluft,center=true);
			difference()
			{
				cylinder(h = ball_width_radius*3, r = ball_width_radius*2,center=true);
				cylinder(h = ball_width_radius*3, r = ball_height_radius,center=true);
			}
	}
}

//----------------------------------

difference()
{
	union()
	{
		//kugeln
		translate([-stangenlaenge/2,0,0])
		{
			for (i = [0:number_of_balls-1])
			{
					translate([ball_width_radius/2+ballabstand+i*(ball_width_radius+ballabstand),0,0])
						ball(i);
			}

			//stange
			rotate([0,90,0])
				translate([0,0,-kistendicke/2])
					cylinder(h=stangenlaenge+kistendicke, r=stangenradius);
		}

		//kiste
		translate([0,0,(kistenhoehe-ball_min_height_radius*2)/2])
		{
			difference()
			{
				cube([kistenlaenge,kistenbreite,kistenhoehe],center=true);
				cube([kisteninnenlaenge,kisteninnenbreite,kistenhoehe*2],center=true);

				translate([0,0,kistenhoehe/2+stangenradius])
					cube([kisteninnenlaenge-5,kisteninnenbreite*2,kistenhoehe],center=true);
				translate([0,0,kistenhoehe/2+stangenradius])
					cube([kisteninnenlaenge*2,kisteninnenbreite-5,kistenhoehe],center=true);

			}
		}
	}

	translate([0,0,-30/2-ball_min_height_radius+.1])
		cube([kisteninnenlaenge+2*kistendicke*2,kisteninnenbreite+2*kistendicke*2,30],center=true);
}
```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to create some 3D-printable game pieces for Tikal, the board game. I've got a pretty good idea of what I want them to look like, and I'd like to have a parametric OpenSCAD design so I can tweak things if needed.

Essentially, I need a set of interlocking temple pieces that stack on top of each other. There should be 10 different levels, and each level should be a bit smaller than the one below it. I'm imagining a sort of Mayan pyramid shape.

Here's the breakdown:

**Overall Structure:**

*   The base level piece should be around 45mm wide, 40mm deep, and 4.5mm high.
*   Each higher level should shrink from the level below it by a shrink factor. This shrink factor should be a variable, I was thinking around 0.07 or so, meaning each piece gets 7% smaller than the piece below it on each side (not the height).
*   Each piece has a staircase on one side with 3 steps. The steps should be a certain fraction of the piece's width and depth.
*   The pieces should interlock with posts on the bottom and corresponding cutouts on the top of the next piece down, with a little bit of wiggle room. The tightness of the interlock needs to be adjustable with a variable too.
*   I'd like to add numbers to the top of each piece, for easy identification.

**Specific Piece Details:**

*   **General Temple Pieces (Levels 1-9):**
    *   These should be basically rectangular with posts on the bottom to lock into the layer below, and corresponding indents on the top.
    *   The staircases should be on the front, with the width being something like 30% of the width of the current level.
    *   The stair depth should decrease as you go up.
    *   The corners of each piece should be slightly rounded or chamfered
*  **Top Temple Piece (Level 10):**
   *   The top level is different. It has more of a pyramid look. It should have several smaller rectangular stacked roofs with some overhangs. It should still have the interlocks so it fits properly.
   *   It should also have a number on the top.
*   **Map Pieces:** I need a second set of pieces which are inverse of the temple pieces. They would sit on the game board to indicate the temple level. They would be the same size as the other temple parts, but be inverted and "filled in". They would be levels 1-6, not 1-10.

**Parameters:**
I'd like to be able to easily adjust these values:

*   `piece_height`: height of a single piece.
*   `piece_width`: width of the base piece.
*   `piece_depth`: depth of the base piece.
*   `shrink_factor`: how much each piece shrinks.
*   `stairs_per_piece`: number of steps in each staircase.
*   `interlockdistance`: how much wiggle room is in the interlock.
* `small_corner`: value for how much to cut off the corners
* `large_corner`: value for how much to cut off the corners
*   `stair_width_percent`: how wide is the staircase.

**Modules/Functions:**
I think it would make sense to use modules for each component, maybe:

*   `interlock()` to make the posts and cutouts.
*   `ebene()` for a single layer (with posts/cutouts).
*   `do_floor()` for the floor of a layer
* `temple()` to generate the whole stack.
*  `templeupsidedown()` for the inverted map pieces.

**Libraries:**

* I would like you to use the `write/Write.scad` library for text on the components.

Could you generate the OpenSCAD code for this? I'd like it to be reasonably well-structured and commented so I can understand how it works and adjust it.

[Assistant]
tikal_F.scad:
```
//Select an STL part to generate. "Upgrade_xx" are replacements for the little square components. "Map_x" go on the hexagonal big map tiles. For counts of each component, refer to the instructions.
part = "temple"; // [Upgrade_02,Upgrade_03,Upgrade_04,Upgrade_05,Upgrade_06,Upgrade_07,Upgrade_08,Upgrade_09,Upgrade_10,Map_1,Map_2,Map_3,Map_4,Map_5,Map_6,temple,templecut,upgrades,upgrades_p1,upgrades_p1_L,upgrades_p1_R,upgrades_print2,maps,maps_print3,maps_print3b,oneprint]

//part = "Map_6";

//in Millimeters
piece_height=4.5;

//in Millimeters
piece_width=45;

//in Millimeters
piece_depth=40;

//Shrinkage from one piece to the next higher one
shrink_factor=.07;

//Steps of the staircase per piece
stairs_per_piece=3;

small_corner=.92;

large_corner=.85;

//front staircase width
stair_width_percent=.3;

// Lock-in holes in the pieces. Good values are between 0.82 (very good calibrated printer) and .96 (your holes print typically way too small)
interlockdistance=.88;

/* [Hidden] */

//Todo: Flip over large temples

/*
Temple pieces for the board game Tikal
Version F, January 2019
Written by MC Geisler (mcgenki at gmail dot com)

This file defines 10 different temple pieces for the board game Tikal.  Each piece locks into the respective
piece below it for stability. When your temple reaches level 10, it will be a complete Mayan temple.

Beside the functions to print single temple layer pieces and several temple layers in one block, there are
several layouts of pieces for you to choose from:
- temple=1 defines a complete temple in one block
- tempelcut=1 will show a complete temple with a cutout to see the inner structure
- oneprint=1 contains all 10 pieces needed for a single temple. Print it to test the pieces. Note that you
need much more pieces to play Tikal.
- upgrades=1 will show the complete set of upgrade pieces needed for the game Tikal
- maps=1 will show the complete set of map pieces needed. Both the temples on the board and the temples
on the hexagonal land pieces are taken into account. You can use these map pieces so that all temples of
the same level are of the same height. During the game, whenever a hexagon with a temple is put down,
select the corresponding map piece and put it into place.
- upgrades_print1=1, upgrades_print2=1 and maps_print3=1 are fitting each to a makerbot2 printing area.
Together they are all the map and upgrade pieces you need for one Tikal game.

Sorry for the use of German for variable names.
Have fun!

License: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)
You are free to:
    Share - copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
    Adapt - remix, transform, and build upon the material
Under the following terms:
    Attribution - You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.
    You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
    NonCommercial - You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
    ShareAlike - If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
*/

use <write/Write.scad>

//fontfilename="orbitron.dxf";
//fontfilename="BlackRose.dxf";
//fontfilename="knewave.dxf";
fontfilename="Letters.dxf";

startstufe=1;
endstufe=10;
anzahlstufen=endstufe-startstufe;// minus one as the last piece is without a step

tempelhoehe=piece_height*1.4;
tempelgroesse=.95;
dach1groesse=tempelgroesse*1.1;
dach2groesse= dach1groesse*.8;
dach3groesse= dach2groesse*.8;
dach4groesse= dach3groesse*.8;
tempeltiefe=.4;

shrinkabsolut=shrink_factor*piece_width;

rand=shrinkabsolut*1.5;

treppenhoehe=piece_height/stairs_per_piece;
treppentiefe=piece_depth/(anzahlstufen*stairs_per_piece)*.56;//the amount to subtract
treppeRaus=piece_depth/2*1.5;

druckabstand=2;

//----------------------------------
// temple pieces
//----------------------------------

function piece_widthjetzt(i) = piece_width-(i-startstufe)*shrinkabsolut;
function piece_widthtotal(i) =  (piece_width-(i/2-startstufe)*shrinkabsolut+druckabstand)*(i-startstufe); //aufsummiert
function piece_depthjetzt(i) = piece_depth-(i-startstufe)*shrinkabsolut;
function piece_depthjetztincltreppe(i) = piece_depthjetzt(i)/2+ treppeRaus-treppentiefe*((i-startstufe)*stairs_per_piece+0) ;
function piece_depthjetztincltreppetotal(i) =   ( piece_depth/2-(i/2-startstufe)*shrinkabsolut/2+ treppeRaus-treppentiefe*(i/2-startstufe)*stairs_per_piece +druckabstand) * (i-startstufe); //aufsummiert

module interlock(i,adder)
{
//	do_interlock(piece_widthjetzt(i),piece_depthjetzt(i),adder, (i==9?1:0) );
	do_interlock(piece_widthjetzt(i),piece_depthjetzt(i),adder, 0);
}

module ebene(i,do_post,do_lock,do_up)
{
	do_ebene(i,piece_widthjetzt(i),piece_depthjetzt(i),do_post,do_lock,do_up);
}

module do_interlock(piece_widthjetzt,piece_depthjetzt,adder, full)
{
	interlockwidth=1.5;
	interlocktiefeproz=.65; //.5
	interlockdist=piece_widthjetzt*.65; //.5
	interlockheight=piece_height/2;

	if (full==0)
	{
		translate([interlockdist/2,0,0])
			cube([interlockwidth+adder,piece_depthjetzt*interlocktiefeproz+adder,interlockheight+adder],center=true);
		translate([-interlockdist/2,0,0])
			cube([interlockwidth+adder,piece_depthjetzt*interlocktiefeproz+adder,interlockheight+adder],center=true);
	}
	else
	{
		cube([interlockdist+interlockwidth+adder,piece_depthjetzt*interlocktiefeproz+adder,interlockheight+adder],center=true);
	}

}

module do_floor(piece_widthjetzt,piece_depthjetzt)
{
	union()
	{
		square ([piece_widthjetzt*small_corner,piece_depthjetzt*small_corner],center = true);
		square ([piece_widthjetzt*large_corner,piece_depthjetzt],center = true);
		square ([piece_widthjetzt,piece_depthjetzt*large_corner],center = true);
		translate([0,-1,0])
			square ([piece_widthjetzt*.6,piece_depthjetzt],center = true);
	}
}

tapering=0*.2;
topcutback=-3.1;

//do_post: post down
//do_lock: carve out on top and writing on top
module do_ebene(i=startstufe,piece_widthjetzt,piece_depthjetzt,do_post,do_lock,do_up)
{
	//main block
	rotate([(do_up==0 && i==10)?-90:0,(do_up==0 && i!=10)?180:0,0])
	difference()
	{
		union()
		{
			if (i<10)
			{

				//main cube, taper the bottom
				mirror([0,0,1])
					translate([0,0,piece_height/2-piece_height*tapering/2])
						linear_extrude(height = piece_height*tapering, center = true, scale=(1-0.1*(tapering)))
						{
							do_floor(piece_widthjetzt,piece_depthjetzt);
						}
				//main cube
				translate([0,0,+piece_height/2-piece_height*(1-tapering)/2])
					linear_extrude(height = piece_height*(1-tapering), center = true, scale=(1-0.05*(1-tapering)))
					{
						do_floor(piece_widthjetzt,piece_depthjetzt);
					}

				//treppe
				translate([0,.025,0])
					for ( j = [0:stairs_per_piece-1])
					{
						treppentiefejetzt = treppeRaus-treppentiefe*((i-startstufe)*stairs_per_piece+j);
						{
							translate([0,
									-treppentiefejetzt/2,
									j*treppenhoehe-(piece_height/2-treppenhoehe/2)])
								cube([piece_widthjetzt*stair_width_percent,
									treppentiefejetzt,
									treppenhoehe],center=true);
						}
					}

				//posts out on bottom
				if (i>1 && do_post)
				{
					translate([0,0,-piece_height/2-.1])
					{
						 interlock(i-1,0);
					}
				}
			}
			else
			{
				//top temple

				translate([0,(do_up==0 && i==10)?topcutback:0,0])
				{
					if (do_post)
					{
						translate([0,0,-piece_height/2-.1])
						{
							 interlock(i-1,0);
						}
					}

                    tempeltiefejetzt = piece_depthjetzt*tempeltiefe;
					translate([0,0,-piece_height/2+tempelhoehe/2])
					{
						//1. gerader quader
						difference()
						{
							cube ([piece_widthjetzt*tempelgroesse,piece_depthjetzt*tempelgroesse,tempelhoehe],center = true);
							translate([0,-piece_depthjetzt*tempelgroesse/2,tempelhoehe*.1])
								cube([piece_widthjetzt*tempelgroesse/5,piece_depthjetzt*tempelgroesse,tempelhoehe*.8],center=true);
						}

						//dach 1
						translate([0,0,tempelhoehe/2+piece_height/2])
						{
							linear_extrude(height = piece_height, center = true, scale=.95)
								square ([piece_widthjetzt*dach1groesse,piece_depthjetzt*dach1groesse],center = true);

							//dach 2
							translate([0,tempeltiefejetzt*dach2groesse,piece_height/2+piece_height/2])
							{
								linear_extrude(height = piece_height, center = true, scale=.9)
									square ([piece_widthjetzt*dach2groesse,tempeltiefejetzt*dach2groesse],center = true);

								//dach 3
								translate([0,tempeltiefejetzt*(dach2groesse*.9-dach3groesse)/2,piece_height/2+piece_height/2])
								{
									linear_extrude(height = piece_height, center = true, scale=.9)
										square ([piece_widthjetzt*dach3groesse,tempeltiefejetzt*dach3groesse],center = true);

									//dach 4
									translate([0,tempeltiefejetzt*(dach3groesse-dach4groesse)/2,piece_height/2+piece_height/2])
										cube([piece_widthjetzt*dach4groesse,tempeltiefejetzt*dach4groesse*.85,piece_height],center = true);
								}

							}
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}

		if (i<10 && do_lock)
		{
			//locks for the posts
			translate([0,0,piece_height/2+.1])
			{
				 interlock(i,interlockdistance);
			}
		}

		//text
		if (i!=10 && do_lock)
		{
			translate([0,0,piece_height/5])
				writecube(str(i),[0,0,piece_height/4],0,face="top", t=piece_height*.5,h=8,space=6, rotate=0, font=fontfilename);
		}

		if (i==10)
		{
			translate([0,-1.5+((do_up==0 && i==10)?topcutback:0),tempelhoehe+piece_height/5])
				writecube(str(i),[0,0,piece_height/4],0, face="top", t=piece_height*.5,h=6,space=6, rotate=0, font=fontfilename);

			//if (i==10)
			translate([0,10/2+piece_depthjetzt*tempelgroesse*0-topcutback*1.7258+((do_up==0 && i==10)?topcutback:0),piece_widthjetzt/2])
				cube([piece_widthjetzt*2,10,piece_widthjetzt*2],center=true);
		}
	}

}

module templeupsidedown(height)
{
	translate([0,0,(height-startstufe)*piece_height])
		rotate([0,180,0])
			temple(height);
}

module temple(height)
{
	for (i = [startstufe:height])
	{
		translate([0,0,(i-startstufe)*piece_height])
			ebene(i,0,(i==height),1);
	}
}

//----------------------------------
// board game pieces
//----------------------------------

hexmapradius=82/2;

module octogon(type)
{
	if (type=="map")
	{
		cylinder(r=hexmapradius,h=1,$fn=6);
	}
	if (type=="small")
	{
		cylinder(r=11/2,h=10,$fn=6);
	}
	if (type=="large")
	{
		cylinder(r=12/2,h=15,$fn=6);
	}
}

module worker()
{
	//small worker
	%translate([hexmapradius*.75,0,0])
		octogon("small");

	//large workder
	%translate([-hexmapradius*.75,0,0])
		octogon("large");

	//large worker on top
	%translate([0,-3,piece_height*(endstufe+1)+1])
		octogon("large");
}

//----------------------------------

//For Makerbot2 print area
//28.5 L x 15.3 W x 15.5 H cm
printareatotalwidth=285;
printareatotaldepth=153;
printsafe=10;
printareawidth=printareatotalwidth-printsafe;
printareadepth=printareatotaldepth-printsafe;

oneprint_start=1;
oneprint_stop=10;

//----------------------------------
// Model options
//----------------------------------

if (part=="Upgrade_02") ebene(2,1,1,0);
if (part=="Upgrade_03") ebene(3,1,1,0);
if (part=="Upgrade_04") ebene(4,1,1,0);
if (part=="Upgrade_05") ebene(5,1,1,0);
if (part=="Upgrade_06") ebene(6,1,1,0);
if (part=="Upgrade_07") ebene(7,1,1,0);
if (part=="Upgrade_08") ebene(8,1,1,0);
if (part=="Upgrade_09") ebene(9,1,1,0);
if (part=="Upgrade_10") ebene(10,1,1,0);
if (part=="Map_1") templeupsidedown(1);
if (part=="Map_2") templeupsidedown(2);
if (part=="Map_3") templeupsidedown(3);
if (part=="Map_4") templeupsidedown(4);
if (part=="Map_5") templeupsidedown(5);
if (part=="Map_6") templeupsidedown(6);

if (part=="temple")
{
	//ground map
	%octogon("map");

	translate([0,0,1])
	{
		worker();

		//temple
		translate([0,0,piece_height/2])
			temple(endstufe);

	}
}

if (part=="templecut")
{
	//ground map
	%octogon("map");

	translate([0,0,1])
	{
		worker();

		difference()
		{
			//temple
			for (i = [startstufe:endstufe])
			{
				translate([0,0,(i-startstufe)*(piece_height+.1)+piece_height/2])
					ebene(i,1,1,1);
			}
			cube(50);
		}
	}
}

if (part=="upgrades")
{
	//to the left quadrant
	//translate([piece_widthjetzt(2)/2,-piece_depthjetztincltreppe(2)/2,piece_height/2])
	translate([-(piece_widthjetzt(5)+druckabstand)*11,-piece_depthjetztincltreppe(2)/2,piece_height/2])
	{	//rows
		for (i = [2:endstufe])
		{	//columns
			translate([0,piece_depthjetztincltreppetotal(i),0])
			{
				//Number of upgrade layers (for layer 1: on map/map cards)
				for (reihe = [0:lookup(i, [
									//[ 1, 3 ], //only this is on the board / on one card...
									[ 2, 3 ],
									[ 3, 6 ],
									[ 4, 9 ],
									[ 5, 11 ],
									[ 6, 8],
									[ 7, 5 ],
									[ 8, 3 ],
									[ 9, 2 ],
									[ 10, 1 ]
								])
									-1])
				{
					{	//move
						translate([(piece_widthjetzt(i)+druckabstand)*reihe,0,0]) ebene(i,1,1,0);
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}
	//Printarea
	%translate([0,0,-1]) cube([printareawidth,printareadepth,1]);
}

if (part=="upgrades_p1" || part=="upgrades_p1_L" || part=="upgrades_p1_R")
{
	//assign (from = , distance = i*10, r = i*2)
	//to the first quadrant
	translate([piece_widthjetzt(2)/2,-piece_depthjetztincltreppe(2)/2,piece_height/2])
	{	//rows
		for (i = [2:4])
		{	//columns
			translate([0,piece_depthjetztincltreppetotal(i),0])
			{
				//Number of upgrade layers (for layer 1: on map/map cards)
				for (reihe = [(part=="upgrades_p1" || part=="upgrades_p1_L")?0:3
								:(part=="upgrades_p1_L")?2:lookup(i, [
									//[ 1, 3 ], //only this is on the board / on one card...
									[ 2, 3+3 ], //add two of part 4!
									[ 3, 6 ],
									[ 4, 9-2 ], //two missing
								])
									-1])
				{
					{	//move
						translate([(piece_widthjetzt(i)+druckabstand)*reihe,0,0])
						if (i==2)
						{
							if (reihe<3) {ebene(i,1,1,0);}
							else
							if (reihe>4) {templeupsidedown(4);}
							else
							ebene(4,1,1,0);
						}
						else
						{
							ebene(i,1,1,0);
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}
	//Printarea
	%translate([0,0,-1]) cube([printareawidth,printareadepth,1]);
}

if (part=="upgrades_print2")
{
	translate([0,printareatotaldepth*0,0])
	{
		//to the first quadrant
		translate([piece_widthjetzt(2)/2,-piece_depthjetztincltreppetotal(5)+piece_depthjetztincltreppe(2)/2,piece_height/2])
		{	//rows
			for (i = [5:8])
			{	//columns
				translate([0,piece_depthjetztincltreppetotal(i),0])
				{
					//Number of upgrade layers (for layer 1: on map/map cards)
					for (reihe = [0:lookup(i, [
										//[ 1, 3 ], //only this is on the board / on one card...
										[ 5, 11-4 ], //4 zu wenig
										[ 6, 8],
										[ 7, 5+3 ], //3 mehr
										[ 8, 3+4+1 ], //4 mehr
										[ 9, 2 ],
										[ 10, 1 ]
									])
										-1])
					{
						{	//move
							translate([(piece_widthjetzt(i)+druckabstand)*reihe,0,0])
							if (i==7 && reihe>4)
							{
								if (reihe>6)
								{
									translate([0,-10,0])
										ebene(10,1,1,0);
								}
								else
								{
									ebene(9,1,1,0);
								}
							}
							else
							{
								if (i==8 && reihe>2)
								{
									if (reihe>2 && reihe <7)
										translate([(piece_widthjetzt(5)+druckabstand)*(reihe)-(piece_widthjetzt(8)+druckabstand)*(reihe+.9),7,0])
											ebene(5,1,1,0);
									else
										translate([52,2,0])
											templeupsidedown(4);
								}
								else
								{
									ebene(i,1,1,0);
								}

							}
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}
		//Printarea
		%translate([0,0,-1]) cube([printareawidth,printareadepth,1]);
	}
}

if (part=="maps")
{
	translate([-piece_widthjetzt(1)*7,piece_depthjetztincltreppe(1)*2,0])
		for (i = [startstufe:6])
		{
			translate([(piece_widthjetzt(1)+druckabstand)*i,0,piece_height/2])
			{
				//Numbers on map cards
				for (reihe = [0:lookup(i, [
									[ 1, 3 ],
									[ 2, 3 ],
									[ 3, 4 ],
									[ 4, 3 ],
									[ 5, 3 ],
									[ 6, 1]
								])
									-1])
				{
					translate([0,(piece_depthjetztincltreppe(1)+druckabstand)*reihe,0])
						templeupsidedown(i);
				}
			}
		}

	//Printarea
	//%cube([printareawidth,printareadepth,1],center=true);
}

if (part=="maps_print3")
{
	translate([0,2*printareatotaldepth*0,0])
	{
		//to the first quadrant
		translate([piece_widthjetzt(1)/2,piece_depthjetztincltreppe(1)/2,piece_height/2])
		{	//rows
			for (i = [startstufe:6-3])
			{	//columns
				translate([0,(piece_widthjetzt(1)+druckabstand)*(i-1),0])
				{
					//Number of upgrade layers (for layer 1: on map/map cards)
					for (reihe = [0:lookup(i, [
										[ 1, 3+2 ],
										[ 2, 3+2 ],
										[ 3, 4+1 ],
										//[ 4, 3 ],
										//[ 5, 3 ],
										//[ 6, 1]

									])
										-1])
					{
						{	//move
							translate([(piece_depthjetztincltreppe(1)+druckabstand)*reihe,0,0])
								rotate([0,0,90])
									if (i==1)
									{
										if (reihe==3) {templeupsidedown(5);}
										else
										if (reihe>3) {templeupsidedown(6);}
										else
										templeupsidedown(i);
									}
									else
									{
										if (i==2)
										{
											if (reihe>2) {templeupsidedown(5);}
											else
											templeupsidedown(i);
										}
										else
										{
											if (i==3)
											{
												if (reihe>3) {templeupsidedown(4);}
												else
												templeupsidedown(i);
											}
										}
									}
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}
		//Printarea
		%translate([0,0,-1]) cube([printareawidth,printareadepth,1]);
	}
}

druckabstandadder=3;

if (part=="maps_print3b")
{

	translate([0,2*printareatotaldepth*0,0])
	{
		rotate([0,0,90])
		//to the first quadrant
		translate([piece_widthjetzt(1)/2,-3.5*piece_depthjetztincltreppe(1),piece_height/2])
		{	//rows
			for (i = [startstufe:3])
			{	//columns
				translate([0,(piece_widthjetzt(1)+druckabstand+druckabstandadder)*(i-1),0])
				{
					//Number of upgrade layers (for layer 1: on map/map cards)
					for (reihe = [0:1])
					{
						{	//move
							translate([(piece_depthjetztincltreppe(1)+druckabstand+druckabstandadder)*reihe,0,0])
								rotate([0,0,90])
									if (i==1)
									{
										//if (reihe==3) {templeupsidedown(5);}
										//else
										if (reihe==1) {templeupsidedown(6);}
										else
										templeupsidedown(i);
									}
									else
									{
										if (i==2)
										{
											if (reihe==1) {templeupsidedown(5);}
											else
											templeupsidedown(i);
										}
										else
										{
											if (i==3)
											{
												if (reihe==1) {templeupsidedown(4);}
												else
												templeupsidedown(i);
											}
										}
									}
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}
		//Printarea
		%translate([0,0,-1]) cube([printareawidth,printareadepth,1]);
	}
}

if (part=="oneprint")
{
	translate([-piece_widthjetzt(1)*1.5,piece_depthjetztincltreppe(1)/2,0])
	{
		for (i = [oneprint_start:oneprint_stop])
		{
			translate([piece_widthtotal(i)-(i<5?0:piece_widthtotal(5)-piece_widthjetzt(4)/2*0+piece_widthjetzt(5)/2*0),-(piece_depthjetztincltreppe(1)+druckabstand)*(i>4?1:0),piece_height/2])
			{
					ebene(i,1,1,0);

				//large workder
				%translate([0,-3,-17+piece_height/2*0+0*(i==endstufe?tempelhoehe:0)])
					rotate([(i<10?0:-90),0,(i<10?30:0)])
						octogon("large");

			}
		}
	}
	//Printarea
//	%translate([0,0,-.5])
//		cube([printareawidth,printareadepth,1],center=true);
}

```


[User]
I'd like to design some nesting measuring spoons with magnets for convenient storage, and I'm hoping you can help generate the OpenSCAD code. I have a good idea of the overall structure, and I have some specific preferences.

Essentially, I want two spoons. One will have a tablespoon (Tbsp) bowl on one end and a teaspoon (Tsp) bowl on the other. The other spoon will have a half-teaspoon (1/2 tsp) bowl on one end and a quarter-teaspoon (1/4 tsp) bowl on the other. I'd like the bowls to nest concentrically when the two spoons are placed together.

Instead of having the bowls at the end of equal length arms, I want them spaced with their centers equidistant from the center of the handle. And the bowl volumes should be mathematically accurate based on the standard volume formulas.

I'd like the overall spoon length to be relatively compact, so I don’t need super long handles. I do want magnets embedded within the handles to allow the two spoons to snap together. The magnet placements should be symmetric around the center of the spoon, for both spoons.

To enable nesting, the center of the handle bump for the large spoon needs to be lower than the small spoon. I believe this can be handled by offsetting the handle part on the Z-axis.

There should be no markings on the spoons.

I'd like for most dimensions to be customizable as parameters at the top of the file, so that I can easily tweak them.

Here are some initial parameter values that I would like to use:
*   `wall_thickness` = 2mm
*   `handle_width` = 20mm
*   `lg_handle_id` = 30mm (handle inner diameter for the large spoon)
*   `magnet_offset` = 30mm (offset from center of handle for center of magnet)
*   `bowl_center_offset` = 60mm (offset from center of handle for each bowl)
*   `magnet_d` = 3.2mm (magnet diameter)
*   `magnet_h` = 1.6mm (magnet height)
*   `magnet_clearance` = 0.1mm (clearance around the magnets)

Based on these values and the volume formulas, the following values will be needed for the bowl radii:
*   `tbsp_r` = 19.184mm
*   `tsp_r` = 13.3014mm
*   `half_tsp_r` = 10.5573mm
*   `quarter_tsp_r` = 8.3794mm

I also want to make sure there's enough room for the small spoon handle. I'm thinking that the small handle inner diameter `sm_handle_id` should be derived from the large handle inner diameter by subtracting 2 times the wall thickness and a small clearance value, specifically: `lg_handle_id - 2*wall_thickness - 0.4` and I want to add a little bit of extra clearance around the small handle when creating the cut out, perhaps using a variable named `slop` equal to `0.1`.

I'd like to have a `part` parameter that can be used to select if the large spoon, the small spoon, or both are rendered. This would accept values of either `"large"`, `"small"`, or `"both"`.

Please use `$fa = 5` and `$fs = 0.5` for controlling the number of facets when creating the curves.

I am not using any particular library.

I think that's all the details I can think of. Thank you!

[Assistant]
spoons.scad:
```
part = "both"; // [large, small, both]

wall_thickness = 2;

// Handle width.
handle_width = 20;

// Handle inner diameter for large spoon.
lg_handle_id = 30;

// Offset from center of handle for center of magnet.
magnet_offset = 30;

// Offset from center of handle for each bowl.
bowl_center_offset = 60;

// Diameter of magnet.
magnet_d = 3.2;

// Height of magnet.
magnet_h = 1.6;

// How much clearance to give around the edge of the magnet.
magnet_clearance = 0.1;

// OpenSCAD parameters for controlling number of facets used to represent curves.
$fa = 5;
$fs = 0.5;

// [None]

// Next four values are calculated given V = 4/3 pi r^3
tbsp_r = 19.184;
tsp_r = 13.3014;
half_tsp_r = 10.5573;
quarter_tsp_r = 8.3794;

// A little additional clearance for the small spoon handle bump.
sm_handle_id = lg_handle_id - 2*wall_thickness - 0.4;
slop = 0.1;

module magnets() {
  translate([-magnet_offset, 0, 0])
  cylinder(h = 2*magnet_h, r = magnet_d/2 + magnet_clearance, center = true);

  translate([magnet_offset, 0, 0])
  cylinder(h = 2*magnet_h, r = magnet_d/2 + magnet_clearance, center = true);
}

module handle(bump_id, z_offset) {
  difference() {
    union() {
      cube(size = [2*bowl_center_offset, handle_width, 2*wall_thickness], center = true);

      translate([0, 0, z_offset])
      rotate([90, 0, 0])
      cylinder(h = handle_width, r = bump_id/2 + wall_thickness, center=true);
    }

    translate([0, 0, z_offset])
    rotate([90, 0, 0])
    cylinder(h = handle_width + 2*slop, r = bump_id/2, center = true);
    magnets();
  }
}

module bowl_hull(r, x) {
  translate([x, 0, 0])
  sphere(r + wall_thickness);
}

module bowl_hole(r, x) {
  translate([x, 0, 0])
  sphere(r);
}

module large_spoon() {
  difference() {
    union() {
      // Drop the center of the handle bump by the wall thickness so that
      // the center is coincident with that for the small spoon.
      handle(lg_handle_id, -wall_thickness);
      bowl_hull(tbsp_r, -bowl_center_offset);
      bowl_hull(tsp_r, bowl_center_offset);
    }
    bowl_hole(tbsp_r, -bowl_center_offset);
    bowl_hole(tsp_r, bowl_center_offset);

    translate([0, 0, -150])
    cube(size=300, center = true);
  }
}

module small_spoon() {
  difference() {
    union() {
      handle(sm_handle_id, 0);
      bowl_hull(half_tsp_r, -bowl_center_offset);
      bowl_hull(quarter_tsp_r, bowl_center_offset);
    }
    bowl_hole(half_tsp_r, -bowl_center_offset);
    bowl_hole(quarter_tsp_r, bowl_center_offset);

    translate([0, 0, -150])
    cube(size=300, center = true);
  }

}

if (part == "large") large_spoon();
else if (part == "small") small_spoon();
else {
  translate([0, 40, 0]) large_spoon();
  small_spoon();
}
```