[User]
I'd like to design a parametric OpenSCAD file to generate braille fridge magnets. The magnet should have a cylindrical or spherical base, a braille representation of a letter or symbol, and a hole for a magnet to be inserted.

Here are the specifics:

*   **Base Shape:** The base should be either a cylinder or a rounded rectangle (more like a sphere, but flattened). This should be a parameter.
*   **Base Dimensions:** The radius of the base should be a parameter, as should the depth.
*   **Braille Dots:** The braille characters will be created by raised dots on the base. The size and spacing of these dots should adhere to the dimensions laid out in the provided document http://www.brailleauthority.org/sizespacingofbraille/sizespacingofbraille.pdf.  The dot height, base, and width, as well as character width and line height should be parameters, and the dot should be a sphere. I will provide the specific dot sizes (font_dotHeight, font_dotBase, font_dotWidth, font_charWidth and font_lineHeight.  The raised dots should be created by adding spheres to the base, not by indenting the base.
*   **Letter/Symbol:** The letter or symbol to be represented in braille should be an input parameter. The code should use the provided braille encodings for characters.
*   **Magnet Hole:** There needs to be a hole in the base for a cylindrical magnet to be inserted. The radius and depth of this hole should also be parameters. The magnet should be inserted from the back side.
*   **Text:** The letter or symbol represented in braille should also be printed as a text on the top of the base using the write module. I'd like to use the "orbitron.dxf" font. The font height should also be a parameter.
*   **Guide Dots:** Optionally, it should be possible to display guide dots for each position within the braille grid. This should be a boolean parameter.
*   **External Libraries:** I'll need to use the `Write.scad` library that I am providing which will allow me to print text.

I'm providing the `fridgeMagnet.scad` and `Write.scad` files as a starting point, though please start from scratch as needed. I'd like it to be very customizable.

[Assistant]
fridgeMagnet.scad:
```
/*
    Braille Fridge Magnet
    Spencer Barton

    based on http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:47411 by kitwallace

    Directions: Upload your alphebetic character [A-Z,a-z] to be converted to braille and placed on a tag

*/

use <Write.scad>

/*===================================================
  Global Vars
  =================================================== */

// encodings
font_charKeys = ["a", "A", "b", "B", "c", "C", "d", "D", "e", "E", "f", "F", "g", "G", "h", "H", "i", "I", "j", "J", "k", "K", "l", "L", "m", "M", "n", "N", "o", "O", "p", "P", "q", "Q", "r", "R", "s", "S", "t", "T", "u", "U", "v", "V", "w", "W", "x", "X", "y", "Y", "z", "Z", ",", ";", ":", ".", "!", "(", ")", "?", "\"", "*", "'", "-"];
font_charValues = [[1], [1], [1, 2], [1, 2], [1, 4], [1, 4], [1, 4, 5], [1, 4, 5], [1, 5], [1, 5], [1, 2, 4], [1, 2, 4], [1, 2, 4, 5], [1, 2, 4, 5], [1, 2, 5], [1, 2, 5], [2, 4], [2, 4], [2, 4, 5], [2, 4, 5], [1, 3], [1, 3], [1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 3], [1, 3, 4], [1, 3, 4], [1, 3, 4, 5], [1, 3, 4, 5], [1, 3, 5], [1, 3, 5], [1, 2, 3, 4], [1, 2, 3, 4], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5], [1, 2, 3, 4, 5], [1, 2, 3, 5], [1, 2, 3, 5], [2, 3, 4], [2, 3, 4], [2, 3, 4, 5], [2, 3, 4, 5], [1, 3, 6], [1, 3, 6], [1, 2, 3, 6], [1, 2, 3, 6], [2, 4, 5, 6], [2, 4, 5, 6], [1, 3, 4, 6], [1, 3, 4, 6], [1, 3, 4, 5, 6], [1, 3, 4, 5, 6], [1, 3, 5, 6], [1, 3, 5, 6], [2], [2, 3], [2, 5], [2, 5, 6], [2, 3, 5], [2, 3, 5, 6], [2, 3, 5, 6], [2, 3, 6], [2, 3, 6], [3, 5], [3], [3, 6]];

// compile vars
$fa = 0.01; $fs = 0.5;

// global dimensions from http://www.brailleauthority.org/sizespacingofbraille/sizespacingofbraille.pdf

// these dimensions for braille letters
font_dotHeight = 0.7;
font_dotBase = 1.6;
font_dotRadius = font_dotBase /2;
font_dotWidth= 2.54;
font_charWidth = 7.62;
font_lineHeight = 11;

// compute the sphere to make the raised dot
font_dotSphereRadius =  chord_radius(font_dotBase,font_dotHeight);
font_dotSphereOffset = -(cylinderDepth - 2.0)/2.0 + font_dotSphereRadius - font_dotHeight;

// inputs
letter = "C";
cylinderRadius = 8.0;
cylinderDepth = 2.0;
magnetRadius = 2.0;
magnetDepth = 1.0;
guideDots = true;
cylinderMagnet = false;

/*===================================================
  Functions
  =================================================== */

// dot is not a hemisphere
function chord_radius(length,height) = ( length * length /(4 * height) + height)/2;

/*===================================================
  Modules
  =================================================== */

module drawDot(location, radius) {
    translate(location)
       translate ([0,0, -font_dotSphereOffset ])
			sphere(radius);
}

module drawCharacter(charMap) {
     for(i = [0: len(charMap)-1])
        assign(dot = charMap[i] - 1)
        drawDot(   [floor(dot / 3) * font_dotWidth,  -((dot %3) * font_dotWidth),   0],  font_dotRadius );
}

module transcribeChar(char) {
    // match with one from alphabet
    for(j = [0:len(font_charKeys)-1]) {
        if(font_charKeys[j] == char) {
            drawCharacter(font_charValues[j]);
				echo(font_charKeys[j]);
        }
    }
}

module drawGuideDots() {
	  assign( charMap = [1,2,3,4,5,6] )
     for(i = [0: len(charMap)-1])
        assign(dot = charMap[i] - 1)
        drawDot(   [floor(dot / 3) * font_dotWidth,  -((dot %3) * font_dotWidth),   0],  font_dotRadius * .5 );
}

module magnet(letter) {

     difference () {
        union() {
            // main rectangle
            if (cylinderMagnet == true) {
					cylinder(r = cylinderRadius,h = cylinderDepth);
				} else {
					translate([0,0,cylinderDepth/2])
						resize(newsize=[cylinderRadius*2.5,cylinderRadius*2,cylinderDepth]) sphere(r=cylinderRadius);
				}
            // write regular letter
            translate([-cylinderRadius/3.0,0,cylinderDepth])
					write(letter,t=font_dotSphereOffset,h=cylinderRadius,center=true, font = "orbitron.dxf");
				// chars
				translate([cylinderRadius/4.0,font_dotWidth,cylinderDepth])
            	transcribeChar(letter);
				// indicators
				if (guideDots == true) {
					translate([cylinderRadius/4.0,font_dotWidth,cylinderDepth])
						drawGuideDots();
				}
        } // end union

        // hole for magnet
		  translate([0,0,-.5])
            cylinder(r=magnetRadius,h=magnetDepth+1);
    }

}

/*===================================================
  Run Main Module
  =================================================== */

magnet(letter);

```
Write.scad:
```
/* 	Version 3
	Added support for font selection (default is Letters.dxf)
	Added WriteCube module
	Added Rotate for text (rotates on the plane of the text)
	Added writesphere
	Added space=     (spacing between characters in char widths) def=1
	Added writecylinder()

 By Harlan Martin
 harlan@sutlog.com
 January 2012

 (The file TestWrite.scad gives More usage examples)
 (This module requires the file Letters.dxf to reside in the same folder)
 (The file Letters.dfx was created with inkscape..Each letter is in its own layer)
 (This module seperates each letter in the string and imports it from Letters.dfx)

*/

	pi=3.1415926535897932384626433832795028841971693993751058209;
	pi2=pi*2;

// These control the default values for write() writesphere() writecube()
// if the parameters are not included in the call. Feel free to set your own
// defaults.

//default settings
	center=false;
	h = 4;			 //mm letter height
	t = 1; 			//mm letter thickness
	space =1; 			//extra space between characters in (character widths)
	rotate=0;			// text rotation (clockwise)
	font = "Letters.dxf";	//default for aditional fonts

// write cube defaults
	face = "front";	 // default face (top,bottom,left,right,back,front)
	up =0;		 //mm up from center on face of cube
	down=0;
	right =0;		 //mm left from center on face of cube
	left=0;

// write sphere defaults
	rounded=false;	 //default for rounded letters on writesphere
	north=0; 		// intial text position (I suggest leave these 0 defaults)
	south=0;
	east=0;
	west=0;
	spin=0;
// writecylinder defaults
	middle=0;     //(mm toward middle of circle)
	ccw=false;   //write on top or bottom in a ccw direction
 	r1=0; 	//(not implimented yet)
	r2=0;	 	//(not implimented yet)

// Contact me if your interested in how to make your own font files
// Its tedious and time consuming, but not very hard

module writecylinder(text,where,radius,height){
	wid=(.125* h *5.5 * space);
	widall=wid*(len(text)-1)/2;
	//angle that measures width of letters on sphere
	function NAngle(radius)=(wid/(pi2*radius))*360;
	//angle of half width of text
	function mmangle(radius)=(widall/(pi2*radius)*360);

	if ((face=="top")||(face=="bottom") ){
		if (face=="top" ){
			if (center==true){
				writecircle(text,where+[0,0,height/2],radius-h,rotate=rotate,font=font,h=h,t=t,
				space=space,east=east,west=west,middle=middle,ccw=ccw);
			}else{
				writecircle(text,where+[0,0,height],radius-h,rotate=rotate,font=font,h=h,t=t,
				space=space,east=east,west=west,middle=middle,ccw=ccw);
			}
		}else{
			rotate(180,[1,0,0])
			if (center==true){
				writecircle(text,where+[0,0,height/2],radius-h,rotate=rotate,font=font,h=h,t=t,
				space=space,east=east,west=west,middle=middle,ccw=ccw);
			}else{
				writecircle(text,where+[0,0,0],radius-h,rotate=rotate,font=font,h=h,t=t,
				space=space,east=east,west=west,middle=middle,ccw=ccw);
			}
		}

	}else{
//		if (radius>0){
			if (center==true)  {
				rotate(-mmangle(radius)*(1-abs(rotate)/90),[0,0,1])
				translate(where)
				writethecylinder(text,where,radius,height,r1=radius,r2=radius,h=h,
					rotate=rotate,t=t,font=font,face=face,up=up,down=down,
					east=east,west=west,center=center,space=space,rounded=rounded);
			} else{
				rotate(-mmangle(radius)*(1-abs(rotate)/90),[0,0,1])
				translate(where+[0,0,height/2])
					writethecylinder(text,where,radius,height,r1=radius,r2=radius,h=h,
					rotate=rotate,t=t,font=font,face=face,up=up,down=down,
					east=east,west=west,center=center,space=space,rounded=rounded);
			}
// the remarked out code is for cone shaped cylinders (not complete)
//		}else{
//			if (center==true)  {
//				rotate(-mmangle(radius)*(1-abs(rotate)/90),[0,0,1])
//				translate(where)
//				writethecylinder(text,where,radius,height,r1=r1,r2=r2,h=h,
//					rotate=rotate,t=t,font=font,face=face,up=up,down=down,
//					east=east,west=west,center=center,space=space,rounded=rounded);
//			} else{
//				rotate(-mmangle(radius)*(1-abs(rotate)/90),[0,0,1])
//				translate(where+[0,0,height/2])
//					writethecylinder(text,where,radius,height,r1=r1,r2=r2,h=h,
//					rotate=rotate,t=t,font=font,face=face,up=up,down=down,
//					east=east,west=west,center=center,space=space,rounded=rounded);
//			}
//		}
	}
}
module writecircle(text,where,radius){
	wid=(.125* h *5.5 * space);
	widall=wid*(len(text)-1)/2;
	//angle that measures width of letters on sphere
	function NAngle(radius)=(wid/(pi2*radius))*360;
	//angle of half width of text
	function mmangle(radius)=(widall/(pi2*radius)*360);

	if (ccw==true){
		rotate(-rotate+east-west,[0,0,1]){
			rotate(-mmangle(radius-middle),[0,0,1]){
			translate(where)
				for (r=[0:len(text)-1]){
					rotate(-90+r*NAngle(radius-middle),[0,0,1]) // bottom out=-270+r
					translate([radius-middle,0,0])
					//rotate(90,[1,0,0])
					//rotate(90,[0,1,0])
					rotate(-270,[0,0,1])  // flip text (botom out = -270)
					write(text[r],center=true,h=h,t=t,font=font);
				}
			}
		}
	}else{
		rotate(-rotate-east+west,[0,0,1]){
			rotate(mmangle(radius-middle),[0,0,1]){
			translate(where)
				for (r=[0:len(text)-1]){
					rotate(90-r*NAngle(radius-middle),[0,0,1]) // bottom out=-270+r
					translate([radius-middle,0,0])
					//rotate(90,[1,0,0])
					//rotate(90,[0,1,0])
					rotate(270,[0,0,1])  // flip text (botom out = -270)
					write(text[r],center=true,h=h,t=t,font=font);
				}
			}
		}
	}

}
module writethecylinder(text,where,radius,height,r1,r2){
	wid=(.125* h *5.5 * space);
	widall=wid*(len(text)-1)/2;
	//angle that measures width of letters on sphere
	function NAngle(radius)=(wid/(pi2*radius))*360*(1-abs(rotate)/90);
	//angle of half width of text

	function mmangle(radius)=(widall/(pi2*radius)*360);
			translate([0,0,up-down])
			rotate(east-west,[0,0,1])
			for (r=[0:len(text)-1]){
				rotate(-90+(r*NAngle(radius)),[0,0,1])
				translate([radius,0,-r*((rotate)/90*wid)+(len(text)-1)/2*((rotate)/90*wid)])
				rotate(90,[1,0,0])
				rotate(90,[0,1,0])
				write(text[r],center=true,h=h,rotate=rotate,t=t,font=font);
		//echo("zloc=",height/2-r*((rotate)/90*wid)+(len(text)-1)/2*((rotate)/90*wid));
			}

}

module writesphere(text,where,radius){
	wid=(.125* h *5.5 * space);
	widall=wid*(len(text)-1)/2;

	echo("-----------------",widall,wid,mmangle(radius));
	//angle that measures width of letters on sphere
	function NAngle(radius)=(wid/(pi2*radius))*360;
	//angle of half width of text
	function mmangle(radius)=(widall/(pi2*radius)*360);

	rotate(east-west,[0,0,1]){
	rotate(south-north,[1,0,0]){
	rotate(spin,[0,1,0]){
	rotate(-mmangle(radius),[0,0,1]){
		if ( rounded== false ){
			translate(where)
			for (r=[0:len(text)-1]){
				rotate(-90+r*NAngle(radius),[0,0,1])
				translate([radius,0,0])
				rotate(90,[1,0,0])
				rotate(90,[0,1,0])
				write(text[r],center=true,h=h,rotate=rotate,t=t,font=font);
			}
		}else{
			difference(){
				translate(where)
				for (r=[0:len(text)-1]){
					rotate(-90+r*NAngle(radius),[0,0,1])
					translate([radius,0,0])
					rotate(90,[1,0,0])
					rotate(90,[0,1,0])
					write(text[r],center=true,h=h,rotate=rotate,t=t*2+h,font=font);
				}
				difference(){ //rounded outside
					sphere(radius+(t*2+h)*2);
					sphere(radius+t/2);
				}
				sphere(radius-t/2); // rounded inside for indented text
			}
		}
	}
}}}
}

module writecube(text,where,size){
	if (str(size)[0] != "["){
		// its a square cube (size was not a matrix so make it one)
		writethecube(text,where,[size,size,size],h=h,rotate=rotate,space=space,
		t=t,font=font,face=face,up=up,down=down,right=right,left=left);

	}else{
		// its not square
		writethecube(text,where,size,h=h,rotate=rotate,space=space,
		t=t,font=font,face=face,up=up,down=down,right=right,left=left);
	}
}
// I split the writecube module into 2 pieces.. easier to add features later
module writethecube(text,where,size){
		if (face=="front") {
			translate([where[0]+right-left,where[1]-size[1]/2,where[2]+up-down])
			rotate(90,[1,0,0])
			write(text,center=true,h=h,rotate=rotate,t=t,font=font);
		}
		if (face=="back") {
			translate([where[0]+right-left,where[1]+size[1]/2,where[2]+up-down])
			rotate(90,[1,0,0])   // rotate around the x axis
			rotate(180,[0,1,0])  // rotate around the y axis (z before rotation)
			write(text,center=true,h=h,rotate=rotate,t=t,font=font);
		}
		if (face=="left") {
			translate([where[0]-size[0]/2,where[1]-right+left,where[2]+up-down ])
			rotate(90,[1,0,0])   // rotate around the x axis
			rotate(90,[0,-1,0])  // rotate around the y axis  (z before rotation)
			write(text,center=true,h=h,rotate=rotate,t=t,font=font);
		}
		if (face=="right") {
			translate([where[0]+size[0]/2,where[1]+right-left,where[2] +up-down])
			rotate(90,[1,0,0])   // rotate around the x axis
			rotate(90,[0,1,0])  // rotate around the y axis  (z before rotation)
			write(text,center=true,h=h,rotate=rotate,t=t,font=font);
		}
		if (face=="top") {
			translate([where[0]+right-left,where[1]+up-down,where[2]+size[2]/2 ])
			write(text,center=true,h=h,rotate=rotate,t=t,font=font);
		}
		if (face=="bottom") {
			translate([where[0]+right-left,where[1]-up+down,where[2]-size[2]/2 ])
			rotate(180,[1,0,0])
			write(text,center=true,h=h,rotate=rotate,t=t,font=font);
		}
}

module write(word){

	echo (h);
	echo (word);
	echo ("There are " ,len(word) ," letters in this string");
//	echo ("The second letter is ",word[1]);
//	echo (str(word[0],"_"));
rotate(rotate,[0,0,-1]){
	for (r = [0:len(word)]){   // count off each character
		// if the letter is lower case, add an underscore to the end for file lookup
		if ((word[r] == "a" ) || (word[r]== "b")  || (word[r]== "c")
	 	  || (word[r]== "d") || (word[r]== "e") || (word[r]== "f")
	 	  || (word[r]== "g") || (word[r]== "h")  || (word[r]== "i")
       	  	  || (word[r]== "j") || (word[r]== "k") || (word[r]== "l")
       	 	  || (word[r]== "m") || (word[r]== "n") || (word[r]== "o")
       	 	  || (word[r]== "p") || (word[r]== "q") || (word[r]== "r")
	 	  || (word[r]== "s") || (word[r]== "t") || (word[r]== "u")
       	 	  || (word[r]== "v") || (word[r]== "w") || (word[r]== "x")
       	 	  || (word[r]== "y" )|| (word[r]== "z")){
			if (center == true)  {
				translate([0,-h/2,0]){
					scale([.125*h,.125*h,t]){
						translate([ (-len(word)*5.5*space/2) + (r*5.5*space),0,0])
						linear_extrude(height=1,convexity=10,center=true){
							import(file = font,layer=str(word[r],"_"));
						}
					}
				}
			}else{
				translate([0,0,t/2]){
					scale([.125*h,.125*h,t]){
						translate([r*5.5*space,0,0])
						linear_extrude(height=1,convexity=10,center=true){
							import(file = font,layer=str(word[r],"_"));
						}
					}
				}
			}

		}else{
			if (center == true)  {
				translate([0,-h/2,0]){
					scale([.125*h,.125*h,t]){
						translate([ (-len(word)*5.5*space/2) + (r*5.5*space),0,0])
						linear_extrude(height=1,convexity=10,center=true){
							import(file = font,layer=str(word[r]));
						}
					}
				}
			}else{
				translate([0,0,t/2]){
					scale([.125*h,.125*h,t]){
						translate([r*5.5*space,0,0])
						linear_extrude(height=1,convexity=10,center=true){
							import(file = font,layer=str(word[r]));
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}
}
}

/*writecylinder test
translate([0,0,0])
%cylinder(r=20,h=40,center=true);
color([1,0,0])
writecylinder("rotate=90",[0,0,0],20,40,center=true,down=0,rotate=90);
writecylinder("rotate = 30,east = 90",[0,0,0],20,40,center=true,down=0,rotate=30,east=90);
writecylinder("ccw = true",[0,0,0],20,40,center=true,down=0,face="top",ccw=true);
writecylinder("middle = 8",[0,0,0],20,40,h=3,center=true,down=0,face="top",middle=8);
writecylinder("face = top",[0,0,0],20,40,center=true,down=0,face="top");
writecylinder("east=90",[0,0,0],20,40,h=3,center=true,down=0,face="top",east=90);
writecylinder("west=90",[0,0,0],20,40,h=3,center=true,down=0,face="top",ccw=true,west=90);
writecylinder("face = bottom",[0,0,0],20,40,center=true,down=0,face="bottom");
*/
/*writesphere test
sphere(20);
color([1,0,0])
writesphere("Hello World",[0,0,0],20,t=1,h=6);
*/
/* writecube test
translate([30,30,30])
cube([10,15,30],center=true);
write("hello",center=true,rotate =30);
color([1,0,0])
writecube( "front",[30,30,30],[10,15,30],h=5,rotate=-90);
color([0,1,0])
writecube( "back",[30,30,30],size=[10,15,30],h=5,face="back",rotate=90,t=4);
color([0,0,1])
writecube( "left",[30,30,30],[10,15,30],h=5,face="left",up=5);
color([1,1,0])
writecube( "right",where=[30,30,30],size=[10,15,30],h=5,face="right",rotate=55);
color([1,0,1])
writecube( "top",where=[30,30,30],size=[10,15,30],h=5,face="top");
color([1,1,1])
writecube( "bttm",where=[30,30,30],size=[10,15,30],h=5,face="bottom",rotate=90);
*/

```


[User]
I'd like to generate some parametric pancake designs, building off of the general idea of the provided code, but with more flexibility and control. I'm thinking I want to create a whole breakfast scene, so I need to have a variety of modular components that I can arrange.

First, I need a parametric pancake module. I want to be able to control the number of pancakes, the spacing between them vertically, the radius of each pancake, and the height of each pancake. Also, I want to have the option to add random "bubbles" or texture to the top of the pancake. These bubbles should be controllable in number, size, and height.

Next, I'll need a butter module. I want this to be a roughly cuboid shape, but I need to be able to control its overall dimensions as well as the degree to which the top surface has a melted/rounded look.

Finally, I need a syrup module. This should be able to generate a sort of blob or cascade of syrup, and I'd need parameters for the overall size of the syrup blob, its height, and the degree of randomness/variation in its shape. The basic idea of the provided syrup module with the hull of cylinders is a good starting point, but I need it to be more flexible.

Could you generate a set of OpenSCAD modules to do this? I'm not sure if I need to use any specific libraries for this; I'm happy to use any that you think would help. I'd also like to make sure each component has a specific color by default (e.g. "Sienna" for pancakes, "Gold" for butter, and "SaddleBrown" for syrup), but these need to be overridable when I use the module.

[Assistant]
OpenSCAD_Pancakes_Loney.scad:
```
//KevanLoney
//www.KevanLoney.com
//2014

difference(){

union() {

	color("GhostWhite")
	cylinder (h = .2, r= 1.8, center = true, $fn=100);
	color("GhostWhite")
	translate (0, 1.2, 0) cylinder (h = .1, r = 2, $fn=100);

}

color("LightGrey")
translate (0, 1.5, 0) cylinder (h = .3, r = 1.7,$fn=100);
}

pancake(height= .1, width =.2);

butter();
translate ([.2, 0, .6])
syrup();
//translate ([.9, 0, -1.15])
//scale([2, -1.5, 1])
//syrup();

module batter() {
	minkowski(){
	cylinder(h = .1, r = 1, $fn=100);
    sphere( r =.1,  $fn=10);
}
}

module pancake(height, width){
	color("Sienna")
	translate ([0, 0, height]) batter();
	color("Sienna")
	translate ([width, 0, height*3.7]) batter();
	color("Sienna")
	translate ([0, 0, height*6.5]) batter();
	color("Peru")
	translate ([width-.5, 0, height*9.5]) batter();
	color("Sienna")
	translate ([width-.5, 0, height*12.5]) batter();
	color("Peru")
	translate ([width-.5, 0, height*15.5]) batter();

}

module butter(){
intersection(){
	translate([-.5,-.5,1.7])
	scale([.6,.5, .1])
     cube([.5]);
}
}

module syrup(){
	color("SaddleBrown")
	scale([.5,.5,1])
	translate([-1,-.8,0])
	hull() {
   	translate([1,0,1.15]) cylinder(r= .6, h = .03,$fn=100);
   	translate([1,1.5,1.15]) cylinder(r= .2, h = .03,$fn=100);
	translate([-1,1,1.15]) cylinder(r= .5, h = .03,$fn=100);
	translate([0,1,1.15]) cylinder(r= .8, h = .03,$fn=100);
	translate([0,2,1.15]) cylinder(r= .8, h = .03,$fn=100);
 }
}

```


[User]
Hey there, I'm looking to create a parametric building generator in OpenSCAD, and I'd like it to be pretty flexible. I'm thinking something along the lines of being able to adjust the overall height, width, and depth of the building, and the number of window columns, as well as the spacing between windows. I'd also like it to calculate the number of floors based on the overall height of the building and the vertical spacing required by the windows.

The windows themselves should be like, extruded rectangles, cut out from the building's geometry. I want to have windows on all four sides, and I want each floor to have a full row of windows all around. It should all be parameterized, of course, so if I change the width, the windows will move and adjust to fit.

I imagine this is going to be a fairly involved project, but I'm hoping for something I can use as a base for generating entire city blocks procedurally later on. I'm not sure what libraries might be useful, but I'm open to suggestions. I'd rather not use BOSL because I find it a little verbose. I'm not looking for anything complex, such as roofs or doorways. The design I want is literally a rectangular prism, with window extrusions, and I would like to have full control over all of the dimensions and spacing between features.

[Assistant]
andrele_building_generator.scad:
```
// OpenSCAD Building Generator
// Written by Andre Le
// for Golan Levin's Interactive Art and Computational Design 2014

height = 900;
width = 10000*sin($t)+1000;
depth = 10000*sin($t)+1000;
gutter = .2;
floorHeight = 10;
windowColumns = 10;
windowSize = width*(1-gutter)/windowColumns;
tHeight = height*($t+1);

// Determine how many floors fit
floors = floor(tHeight / ((windowSize)+(gutter*width/(windowColumns+1))));

translate([-width/2,-depth/2,0]){
	difference(){
		cube([width,depth,tHeight]);

		// Create floors
		for(j = [0:floors-1]) {

			translate([0,0,j*(windowSize)+((j +1)*(gutter*width/(windowColumns+1)))]){
				// Create row of windows along width
				for(i = [0:windowColumns-1]) {
					translate([i*(windowSize)+((i+1)*(gutter*width/(windowColumns+1))),-1,(gutter*width/windowColumns)]){
						cube([windowSize,15,windowSize]);
					}
				}
				translate([0,depth-13,0]){
					for(i = [0:windowColumns-1]) {
						translate([i*(windowSize)+((i+1)*(gutter*width/(windowColumns+1))),-1,(gutter*width/windowColumns)]){
							cube([windowSize,15,windowSize]);
						}
					}
				}
				// Create row of windows long depth
				rotate([0,0,90]){
					translate([0,-13,0]){
						for(f = [0:windowColumns-1]) {
							translate([f*(depth*(1-gutter)/windowColumns)+((f+1)*(gutter*depth/(windowColumns+1))),-1,(gutter*width/windowColumns)]){
								cube([depth*(1-gutter)/windowColumns,15,windowSize]);
							}

						}
						translate([0,-width+13,0]){
							for(f = [0:windowColumns-1]) {
								translate([f*(depth*(1-gutter)/windowColumns)+((f+1)*(gutter*depth/(windowColumns+1))),-1,(gutter*width/windowColumns)]){
									cube([depth*(1-gutter)/windowColumns,15,windowSize]);
								}

							}
						}
					}
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

```


[User]
Hey, I'm working on a project for my class and need to create a parametric model of a simple truck in OpenSCAD. I'm not really happy with my current attempt, and was hoping you could help me create something better.

The truck should have a distinct front and back section, connected by a central area, and four wheels.

For the front, I want a rectangular block, but with a smaller, perpendicular block protruding from the top. Both blocks should have rounded edges - not completely sharp corners. I need to be able to control the width, height, and depth of these blocks, as well as the radius of the rounding.

The back should also be a rectangular box, but it should be hollowed out to create a rim. I need to control the overall length, width, and height of the back, the thickness of the rim, and the depth of the hollow.

The wheels should be cylinders, with a smaller cylindrical indentation in the center. I want to control the radius of the wheel itself, the radius of the indentation, the depth of the indentation, and the thickness of the whole wheel. I also want to be able to define a separation between the wheel center and the indentation center, as well as a separation between two indentations on the same side of the wheel, and finally the separation between one such indentation and the face of the wheel. There should be two wheels on each side of the truck, placed in line and centered along the length of the front and back, respectively. Each wheel will need an indentation on each side of the wheel.

I'd like to be able to adjust all these dimensions with parameters at the top of the file, so it's easy to modify the truck's proportions.

I'm okay with the basic shapes being made with `cube()` and `cylinder()`, but I also wouldn't mind exploring using `minkowski()` for the round edges or `difference()` for the rims and indentations, if that makes sense.

I'm not using any special libraries. The code can all be built from the core OpenSCAD language.

[Assistant]
Truck.scad:
```
$fn = 128;

//front
fwidth = 50;
fheight = 50;
fz = 25;
roundness = 4;
//minkowski(){
	color("red") union(){
		rotate([90,0,0]) cube([fz, fwidth, fheight]);
		translate([20,0,0]) rotate([90,0,0]) cube([fz,fz,fwidth]);
	}
	//sphere(roundness);
//}

//back
bwidth = fwidth;
bheight = fheight/2;
blength = 80;
xd = 5; //extrusion difference (thickness of truck rim)
depth = 10;
color("red") rotate([0,0,180]) difference(){
	cube([blength, bwidth, bheight]);
	translate([xd,xd,depth]) cube([blength-2*xd, bwidth-2*xd, bheight+depth]);
}

//wheels
thickness = 10;
x = 15;
y = thickness/2;
z = 0;
i = 5;
wheelround = 1;
//minkowski() {
	difference(){
		color("black") translate([x,y,z]) rotate([90,0,0]) cylinder(h = thickness, r = fz/2);
		translate([x,y+i*1.5,z]) rotate([90,0,0]) cylinder(h = thickness, r = fz/4);
		translate([x,y-i*1.5,z]) rotate([90,0,0]) cylinder(h = i, r = fz/4);
	}
	//sphere(wheelround);
//}
//minkowski() {
	difference(){
		color("black") translate([x,y-fwidth,z]) rotate([90,0,0]) cylinder(h = thickness, r = fz/2);
		translate([x,y+i*1.5-fwidth,z]) rotate([90,0,0]) cylinder(h = thickness, r = fz/4);
		translate([x,y-i*1.5-fwidth,z]) rotate([90,0,0]) cylinder(h = i, r = fz/4);
	}
	//sphere(wheelround);
//}
//minkowski() {
	difference(){
		color("black") translate([x-blength,y,z]) rotate([90,0,0]) cylinder(h = thickness, r = fz/2);
		translate([x-blength,y+i*1.5,z]) rotate([90,0,0]) cylinder(h = thickness, r = fz/4);
		translate([x-blength,y-i*1.5,z]) rotate([90,0,0]) cylinder(h = i, r = fz/4);
	}
	//sphere(wheelround);
//}
//minkowski() {
	difference(){
		color("black") translate([x-blength,y-fwidth,z]) rotate([90,0,0]) cylinder(h = thickness, r = fz/2);
		translate([x-blength,y+i*1.5-fwidth,z]) rotate([90,0,0]) cylinder(h = thickness, r = fz/4);
		translate([x-blength,y-i*1.5-fwidth,z]) rotate([90,0,0]) cylinder(h = i, r = fz/4);
	}
	//sphere(wheelround);
//}
```


[User]
Okay, I'm looking to design a customizable lock for a "love lock" bridge, similar to what I've seen in Paris and Pittsburgh. I want the design to be parametric and robust enough to withstand outdoor conditions, hopefully using engraved text rather than just a sharpie. The goal is for it to be a one-time-close kind of lock, so it can't be opened once attached to the bridge, which actually works out well for the intended purpose.

Here's what I'm envisioning:

**Overall Structure:**

The lock should consist of three main parts: a body, a pin (or shackle), and a lever mechanism.

**Lock Body:**

*   The body should be a somewhat rectangular block with some cutouts. I want the front face to have space for engraving multiple lines of text.
*   There should be a circular cutout on each side of the body to accommodate the pin/shackle when it is closed. There may also be a cylinder cutout where the level goes.
*   I'd like for the text to be oriented vertically, running from top to bottom, and centered on the body.
*   I want to engrave four lines of customizable text.

**Pin/Shackle:**

*   The pin needs to be a roughly circular shackle with a "barbed" end that goes through the lock body. There will be spheres and cylinders making up the design.
*   The pin should have a set of "teeth" or spheres along one side, that prevent it from being opened once inserted into the body. The teeth should be angled so that the shackle can only move one direction through the lock.
*   The end of the pin should have a bar to prevent the pin from completely falling out. The end should have a similar barb for the locking mechanism.

**Lever:**

*   The lever mechanism should essentially be two rounded bars that prevent the lock from being reopened.
*   The bars should be designed so that they both sit inside the lock body when the pin is closed.

**Parametric Aspects:**

*   I need to be able to easily adjust things like the font size, font width, and other text parameters.
*   I also need to control the length of the pin/shackle cable, the overall size of the lock, and the angles and spacing of the teeth.

**Libraries:**
I would like this to use the Write.scad library, as I am familiar with its text engraving capabilities.

Could you generate an OpenSCAD file or files that fulfill these requirements?

[Assistant]
Lock.scad:
```
use <write/Write.scad>

/* [Main] */

// String for the first line
string1 = "MacKenzie";

// String for the second line
string2 = "and";

// String for the third line
string3 = "Abby";

// String for the fourth line
string4 = "11/26/11";

// The length of the lock cable
cableLength = 20;

module body()
{
	scale = 5;
	fontSize = scale * 3;
	fontWidth = scale;
	levelScale = .35;
	width = .7;

	union()	{
	difference() {
		difference() {
			cube([scale*25,scale*10,scale*20], true);
			translate([0, 0,scale*0]) cube([scale*23,scale*8,scale*18], true);
			//cylinder(r = scale*levelScale, h = width*scale);
		}
		union()	{
			translate([-3*scale, 0,scale*9]) cylinder(r = scale*2+2, h = scale);
			//translate([-7*scale, 0,scale*9]) cylinder(r = scale*2+2, h = scale);
			translate([7*scale, 0,scale*9]) cylinder(r = scale+2, h = scale);
		}
	}
		union() {
			union()	{
				translate([-6*scale, 5*scale,scale*8]) rotate([90,0,0]) cylinder(r = scale*levelScale, h = 10*scale);
				translate([0*scale, 5*scale,scale*8]) rotate([90,0,0]) cylinder(r = scale*levelScale, h = 10*scale);
			}
		}
	}

			translate([scale*.2, scale*-5,scale*7]) rotate([90,0,0])
			{write(string1,t=fontWidth,h=fontSize,center=true, font = "orbitron.dxf");}

			translate([scale*.2, scale*-5,scale*3]) rotate([90,0,0])
			{write(string2,t=fontWidth,h=fontSize,center=true, font = "orbitron.dxf");}

			translate([scale*.2, scale*-5,scale*-1]) rotate([90,0,0])
			{write(string3,t=fontWidth,h=fontSize,center=true, font = "orbitron.dxf");}

			translate([scale*.2, scale*-5,scale*-6.5]) rotate([90,0,0])
			{write(string4,t=fontWidth,h=fontSize,center=true, font = "orbitron.dxf");}
}

module pin()
{
	scale = 5;
	n = 18;
	d = 180/n;
	iph = .85;

	translate([scale*2, 0,scale*20]) rotate([0,-90,270]) union() {
	//translate([scale*0, 0,scale*20]) rotate([0,-90,270]) union() {
		for (i = [1:n])
		{
			translate([sin(i*d) * 5 * scale, cos(i*d) * 5 * scale, 0])
			//translate([sin(i*d) * 5 * scale, cos(i*d) * 7 * scale, 0])
			{
				sphere(scale);
			}
		}
		rotate([0,270,0]) {
			translate([0,5*scale,0]) {
				sphere(scale);
				cylinder(r = scale, h = cableLength*scale);
			}
			translate([0,5*scale,(cableLength-.5)*scale]) {
				cube([scale*3,5*scale,3*scale], true);
			}

			translate([0,-5*scale,0]) {
				sphere(scale);
				cylinder(r = scale, h = (cableLength*iph)*scale);
			}
			translate([0,-5*scale,((cableLength * iph) -.5)*scale]) {
				cube([scale*2,4*scale,3*scale], true);
			}
		}
	}
}

module lever()
{
	scale = 10;
	levelScale = .35;
	width = .7;

	rotate([90,0,0]) translate([scale*-3,scale*4, scale*-.25]) union() {
		difference() {
			cylinder(r = scale*levelScale*2, h = width*scale);
			cylinder(r = scale*levelScale, h = width*scale);
		}
		translate([width*scale*1.5,0,width*scale*.5])cube([width*scale*2,width*scale,width*scale], true);
	}

	rotate([90,0,0]) translate([scale*0,scale*4, scale*.25]) rotate([0,180,0]) union() {
		difference() {
			cylinder(r = scale*levelScale*2, h = width*scale);
			cylinder(r = scale*levelScale, h = width*scale);
		}
		translate([width*scale*1.5,0,width*scale*.5])cube([width*scale*2,width*scale,width*scale], true);
	}
}

lever();

pin();

body();

```


[User]
Hey! I'm looking to create a parametric robot head model in OpenSCAD, and I need a little help getting started. I have some ideas about what I want, but I could use some assistance translating it into code.

Essentially, I want a robot head that is mostly a rectangular box with some features cut out and attached. I need to be able to adjust several parameters, specifically:

*   **Antenna Height:** This controls the height of the antennas on the sides of the head. I want to be able to make them taller or shorter.
*   **Antenna Ball Radius:** This controls the size of the spherical ball at the tip of each antenna.
*   **Eye Diameter:** This lets me change the size of the eyes.
*   **Eye Spacing Offset:** This will adjust how far apart the eyes are from the center of the face.
*   **Mouth Height:** This will adjust the height of the mouth. I'm imagining a series of rectangular cutouts.

The robot head's basic shape should be a cube, or a rectangular box and the eyes should be cylindrical, I want them oriented so the circular cross-section faces out. The mouths are just a series of rectangular cuts. The antennas should have a cylindrical stem with a sphere at the tip. Finally the ears are just simple cylinders with a circular cross section facing outward. I'm really hoping that by manipulating these variables programmatically in a script, I can get different facial expressions.

I'm totally fine with a very straightforward OpenSCAD design. I don't need anything too fancy. I want to avoid libraries for this project if possible, so everything should be written from the standard functions. I am okay with additional files if it helps keep things organized.

Let me know if you need more clarification, and I'm excited to see what you come up with!

[Assistant]
robot.scad:
```
////////////////////////////////////////
//
//     By: Jeff Crossman
//	  For: Golan Levin's IACD 2014
//		   Carnegie Mellon University
//	Title: Parametric Robot Head
//
///////////////////////////////////////

////////////////////////////////////////
//									//
//		PARAMETRIC PARAMETERS		//
//									//
////////////////////////////////////////

AntennaHeight = 50;		// Default: 50
AntennaBallRadius = 5;	// Default: 5
EyeDiameter = 10;		// Default: 10
EyeSpacingOffset = 0;	// Default: 0
MouthHeight = 20;		// Default: 20

//////////////   END   /////////////////

// Head
translate([10, 0, 0]){
difference() {
	// Base head
	cube([100, 50, 50]);

	// Mouth
	translate([21, 0, 0]){
		cube([8, 10, MouthHeight]);
	}
	translate([31, 0, 0]){
		cube([8, 10, MouthHeight]);
	}
	translate([41, 0, 0]){
		cube([8, 10, MouthHeight]);
	}
	translate([51, 0, 0]){
		cube([8, 10, MouthHeight]);
	}
	translate([61, 0, 0]){
		cube([8, 10, MouthHeight]);
	}
	translate([71, 0, 0]){
		cube([8, 10, MouthHeight]);
	}

	// Left Eye
	translate([20+EyeSpacingOffset, 4, 35]){
		rotate(a=[90, 0, 0]) {
			cylinder(10, EyeDiameter, EyeDiameter, center=true);
		}
	}

	// Right Eye
	translate([80-EyeSpacingOffset, 4, 35]){
		rotate(a=[90, 0, 0]) {
			cylinder(10, EyeDiameter, EyeDiameter, center=true);
		}
	}
}
}

// Left Ear
translate([5, 25, 25]){
	rotate(a=[0, 90, 0]) {
		cylinder(10, 10, 10, center=true);
	}
}
translate([5, 25, (25+(AntennaHeight/2))]){
	cylinder(AntennaHeight, 1, 1, center=true);
}
translate([5, 25, 25+AntennaHeight]){
	sphere(AntennaBallRadius);
}

// Right Ear
translate([115, 25, 25]){
	rotate(a=[0, 90, 0]) {
		cylinder(10, 10, 10, center=true);
	}
}
translate([115, 25, (25+(AntennaHeight/2))]){
	cylinder(AntennaHeight, 1, 1, center=true);
}
translate([115, 25, 25+AntennaHeight]){
	sphere(AntennaBallRadius);
}

```


[User]
Hey, I've got this kind of optical illusion thing I'd love to make into a parametric OpenSCAD file. I remember seeing a flat image that, from the perfect viewpoint, looked like a cube. It's built with various rectangular prisms of different sizes and orientations, and the idea was that the weird arrangement would trick your eyes. Turns out it was just a cool illusion all along, not a real solid object.

I'm looking for a way to adjust the overall size of the 'cube', like the base dimension for all of the components, which are like rectangular blocks/prisms.

Here's a rough idea of the layout and dimensions I worked out in my first pass, but it's really more about capturing the *arrangement*, not the dimensions in the below file, and it's definitely not parametric:

thingthing.scad:
```
cube([2,2,10]);
translate([0,0,10]);
cube([2,12,2]);
translate([0,10,0]) cube([2,2,14]);
translate([0,4,12]) cube([2,8,2]);
translate([0,2,12]) cube([14,2,2]);
translate([14,2,12]) cube([2,14,2]);
translate([4,14,12]) cube([12,2,2]);
translate([4,14,0]) cube([2,2,14]);
translate([4,14,0]) cube([12,2,2]);
translate([16,14,0]) cube([2,2,10]);
translate([16,4,8]) cube([2,12,2]);
translate([16,4,-4]) cube([2,2,12]);
translate([16,4,-4]) cube([2,10,2]);
translate([4,12,-4]) cube([12,2,2]);
translate([2,0,-4]) cube([2,14,2]);
translate([2,0,-4]) cube([12,2,2]);
translate([12,0,-4]) cube([2,2,14]);
translate([0,0,8]) cube([12,2,2]);

```

So, what I’m picturing is something like:

*   A base parameter, say, `base_unit` that controls the core size - the 2 unit dimension in the above file.
*   All dimensions should be a multiple of `base_unit`.
*   All the positions, which are based on translating the initial cubes, should also be scaled by `base_unit`.
*   So, if `base_unit` is 2, then everything is identical to what I put above. If it’s 1, then all the dimensions shrink down to half.

I don’t think I need any specific libraries for this, and I'm only looking for one .scad file.

[Assistant]
thingthing.scad:
```
cube([2,2,10]);
translate([0,0,10]);
cube([2,12,2]);
translate([0,10,0]) cube([2,2,14]);
translate([0,4,12]) cube([2,8,2]);
translate([0,2,12]) cube([14,2,2]);
translate([14,2,12]) cube([2,14,2]);
translate([4,14,12]) cube([12,2,2]);
translate([4,14,0]) cube([2,2,14]);
translate([4,14,0]) cube([12,2,2]);
translate([16,14,0]) cube([2,2,10]);
translate([16,4,8]) cube([2,12,2]);
translate([16,4,-4]) cube([2,2,12]);
translate([16,4,-4]) cube([2,10,2]);
translate([4,12,-4]) cube([12,2,2]);
translate([2,0,-4]) cube([2,14,2]);
translate([2,0,-4]) cube([12,2,2]);
translate([12,0,-4]) cube([2,2,14]);
translate([0,0,8]) cube([12,2,2]);

```


[User]
Hey there! I'm looking to get some custom, parametric glasses designed in OpenSCAD. I've got some specific ideas in mind, and I'm hoping you can help me bring them to life.

Essentially, I want a program that lets me choose between a "squared" and "oval" frame shape. For the squared frames, I'd like a "roundedness" factor – something between 1 and 6, maybe even a bit higher – to control how curved the corners are. I want the code to handle the strange scaling of the roundedness factor by using square roots when translating and scaling the base cube of the frame to create a smoothly varying look. The program should also let me toggle between regular glasses (clear lenses) and sunglasses (colored lenses) and of course, let me set the main dimensions like width, height, and overall length of the glasses. The width and height should adjust the bounding box of the squared portion of the glasses as well as scale the curves at the top of the rounded square frame.

For the "oval" option, I'd need to specify a radius, and I'd like that radius to affect both the size of the frame and the placement of the legs. Also, it would be cool if the program could also handle all the lens, frame, and leg construction within each style. All the color options should be based on the standard SVG color list that OpenSCAD uses. If the style is "sunglasses" I'd like to be able to customize the lens color separately.

I'm not really sure how to approach all of this but I think it would be neat if you could build the "squared" frames by using minkowski sums and hulls, and if you could build the legs with a couple of hull operations to get that smooth and rounded look. I think that using the standard cylinder and scale operations should be sufficient to build the "oval" version of the glasses.

I'm looking for this to all be parametric, so that I can just change some variables at the top and re-render, if that makes sense. Can you create an OpenSCAD file that takes all of this into account? I don't need any external libraries, just the basic OpenSCAD functionality is fine.

[Assistant]
parametric_glasses.scad:
```
/* Parametric glasses by Ticha Sethapakdi */

//----USER DEFINED VARIABLES-----

//the style of the glasses can either be 'squared' or 'oval'
frame = "squared";
//value from 1-6; can technically be larger, but some parts may look awkward...
roundedness = 6;

//1 for regular glasses; 2 for sunglasses
style = 2;

width = 10;
height = 5;
length = 14;

//for "oval" mode only:
//(not really working at the moment, so keep this the same for now)
radius = 7;

//see the SVG color list (http://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/OpenSCAD_User_Manual/The_OpenSCAD_Language#color)
//for all possible color selections
//e.g. Crimson, Coral, Fuchsia, Chocolate, Navy...
frame_color = "Crimson";

//if the style is "sunglasses", the user may customize the color of the lens
//again, consult the SVG color list for a range of selections
lens_color = "Aqua";

//-------------------------------

/* The glasses are created here */
eyegap = 5;

if(frame == "squared") {
	rotate([90,0,0]) {
		translate([sqrt(roundedness), -sqrt(roundedness), 0]){
		scale([1/sqrt(roundedness), 1/sqrt(roundedness), 0.5]){
		translate([width/2+eyegap/2-1.5/roundedness, 0,0]) {
			//draws one side of the frame
			color(frame_color) {
				difference() {
					minkowski() {
						hull() {
							cube([width, 1, 1], center = true);
							translate([0,-height+1,0]){cube([3*width/4, 3*height/4, 1], center = true);}
						}
						cylinder(r=roundedness, h=1);
					}

					translate([0,-0.8,0]){ scale([0.8,0.8,2]){
					minkowski() {
						hull() {
							cube([width, 1, 1], center = true);
							translate([0,-height+1,0]){cube([3*width/4, 3*height/4, 1], center = true);}
						}
						cylinder(r=roundedness, h=1);
					}}}
				}

			}

			//draws the lens
			if(style == 2) {
				color(lens_color, 0.7) {
					translate([0,-0.8,0]){ scale([0.8,0.8,0.5]){
					minkowski() {
						hull() {
							cube([width, 1, 1], center = true);
							translate([0,-height+1,0]){cube([3*width/4, 3*height/4, 1], center = true);}
						}
						cylinder(r=roundedness, h=1);
					}}}
				}
			}

			else {
				color("white", 0.4) {
					translate([0,-0.8,0]){ scale([0.8,0.8,0.5]){
					minkowski() {
						hull() {
							cube([width, 1, 1], center = true);
							translate([0,-height+1,0]){cube([3*width/4, 3*height/4, 1], center = true);}
						}
						cylinder(r=roundedness, h=1);
					}}}
				}
			}

			//leg
			color(frame_color) {
				hull() {
					translate([width/2 + roundedness, (height/2)*0.6-2,-1.5]){
						cube([1, 2.5, 5], center = true);
					}

					translate([width/2 + roundedness, (height/2)*0.6-2,-23.5]){
						cube([1, 1.5, 3], center = true);
					}

				}
				hull() {
					translate([width/2 + roundedness, (height/2)*0.6-2,-24.5]){
						cube([1, 1.5, 1.5], center = true);
					}
					translate([width/2 + roundedness, (height/2)*0.6-5,-32.5]){
								cube([1, 1.5, 1.5], center = true);
					}
				}
			}

		}}}

		//bridge
		color(frame_color) {

			hull() {
				translate([0.25, -1.8, 0.25]){
						cube([0.5, 1, 1], center = true);
				}
				translate([eyegap/3, -1.8, 0.25]){
						cube([0.2, 1.5, 1], center = true);
				}
			}
		}
	}

	mirror([1,0,0]) {rotate([90,0,0]) {
		translate([sqrt(roundedness), -sqrt(roundedness), 0]){
		scale([1/sqrt(roundedness), 1/sqrt(roundedness), 0.5]){
		translate([width/2+eyegap/2-1.5/roundedness, 0,0]) {
			//draws one side of the frame
			color(frame_color) {
				difference() {
					minkowski() {
						hull() {
							cube([width, 1, 1], center = true);
							translate([0,-height+1,0]){cube([3*width/4, 3*height/4, 1], center = true);}
						}
						cylinder(r=roundedness, h=1);
					}
					translate([0,-0.8,0]){ scale([0.8,0.8,2]){
					minkowski() {
						hull() {
							cube([width, 1, 1], center = true);
							translate([0,-height+1,0]){cube([3*width/4, 3*height/4, 1], center = true);}
						}
						cylinder(r=roundedness, h=1);
					}}}
				}

			}

			//draws the lens
			if(style == 2) {
				color(lens_color, 0.7) {
					translate([0,-0.8,0]){ scale([0.8,0.8,0.5]){
					minkowski() {
						hull() {
							cube([width, 1, 1], center = true);
							translate([0,-height+1,0]){cube([3*width/4, 3*height/4, 1], center = true);}
						}
						cylinder(r=roundedness, h=1);
					}}}
				}
			}

			else {
				color("white", 0.4) {
					translate([0,-0.8,0]){ scale([0.8,0.8,0.5]){
					minkowski() {
						hull() {
							cube([width, 1, 1], center = true);
							translate([0,-height+1,0]){cube([3*width/4, 3*height/4, 1], center = true);}
						}
						cylinder(r=roundedness, h=1);
					}}}
				}
			}

			//leg
			color(frame_color) {
				hull() {
					translate([width/2 + roundedness, (height/2)*0.6-2,-1.5]){
						cube([1, 2.5, 5], center = true);
					}

					translate([width/2 + roundedness, (height/2)*0.6-2,-23.5]){
						cube([1, 1.5, 3], center = true);
					}

				}
				hull() {
					translate([width/2 + roundedness, (height/2)*0.6-2,-24.5]){
						cube([1, 1.5, 1.5], center = true);
					}
					translate([width/2 + roundedness, (height/2)*0.6-5,-32.5]){
								cube([1, 1.5, 1.5], center = true);
					}
				}
			}

		}}}

		//bridge
		color(frame_color) {

			hull() {
				translate([0.25, -1.8, 0.25]){
						cube([0.5, 1, 1], center = true);
				}
				translate([eyegap/3, -1.8, 0.25]){
						cube([0.2, 1.5, 1], center = true);
				}
			}
		}
	}}

}

//ROUNDED FRAME
else if (frame == "oval") {
	rotate([90,0,0]) {
		translate([6.5*radius/8+eyegap/2, 0,0]) {
			//draws one side of the frame
			color(frame_color) {
				difference() {
					cylinder(1,radius,radius, center = true);

					scale([0.8,0.8,2]){
						cylinder(1,radius,radius, center = true);
					}

				}

			}

			//draws the lens
			if(style == 2) {
				color(lens_color, 0.7) {
					scale([0.8,0.8,0.5]){
						cylinder(1,radius,radius, center = true);
					}
				}
			}

			else {
				color("white", 0.4) {
					scale([0.8,0.8,0.5]){
						cylinder(1,radius,radius, center = true);
					}
				}

			}

			//leg
			color(frame_color) {
				hull() {
					translate([radius, 0, -2]){
						cube([1, 2.5, 5], center = true);
					}

					translate([radius, 0,-23.5]){
						cube([1, 1.5, 3], center = true);
					}

				}
				hull() {
					translate([radius, 0 ,-24.5]){
						cube([1, 1.5, 1.5], center = true);
					}
					translate([radius, -2,-32.5]){
								cube([1, 1.5, 1.5], center = true);
					}
				}
			}

		}

		//bridge
		color(frame_color) {

			hull() {
				translate([0.25, 1.5, 0]){
						cube([0.5, 1, 1], center = true);
				}
				translate([eyegap/3, 1.5, 0]){
						cube([0.2, 1.5, 1], center = true);
				}
			}
		}
	}

	mirror([1,0,0]) {rotate([90,0,0]) {
		translate([6.5*radius/8+eyegap/2, 0,0]) {
			//draws one side of the frame
			color(frame_color) {
				difference() {
					cylinder(1,radius,radius, center = true);

					scale([0.8,0.8,2]){
						cylinder(1,radius,radius, center = true);
					}

				}

			}

			//draws the lens
			if(style == 2) {
				color(lens_color, 0.7) {
					scale([0.8,0.8,0.5]){
						cylinder(1,radius,radius, center = true);
					}
				}
			}

			else {
				color("white", 0.4) {
					scale([0.8,0.8,0.5]){
						cylinder(1,radius,radius, center = true);
					}
				}

			}

			//leg
			color(frame_color) {
				hull() {
					translate([radius, 0, -2]){
						cube([1, 2.5, 5], center = true);
					}

					translate([radius, 0,-23.5]){
						cube([1, 1.5, 3], center = true);
					}

				}
				hull() {
					translate([radius, 0 ,-24.5]){
						cube([1, 1.5, 1.5], center = true);
					}
					translate([radius, -2,-32.5]){
								cube([1, 1.5, 1.5], center = true);
					}
				}
			}

		}

		//bridge
		color(frame_color) {

			hull() {
				translate([0.25, 1.5, 0]){
						cube([0.5, 1, 1], center = true);
				}
				translate([eyegap/3, 1.5, 0]){
						cube([0.2, 1.5, 1], center = true);
				}
			}
		}
	}}

}

else {
	echo("Undefined frame style!");
}
```


[User]
Hi, I'm looking to design a parametric pillow block for the Y-axis shafts on a Replicator or FlashForge Creator 3D printer. I need it to be adjustable for different standoff distances from the printer's side panels, since those measurements seem to vary. The design should also include integrated nut holders to simplify assembly, and an exterior washer plate for the bolt heads.

Here's what I'm picturing:

*   **Pillow Block Body:**
    *   The main body should have a rectangular base that rests against the printer frame.
    *   A cylindrical section needs to extend from the base to house the bearing.
    *   The key here is a parameter to control the distance from the inside of the printer's panel to the center of the shaft. This will dictate the overall length of the pillow block. I have a measurement in mind, but it needs to be easily adjusted in the OpenSCAD file. I am using the term 'ShaftDist' to denote the measured value of the wall-to-shaft distance + the shaft diameter. So the actual center distance will be `ShaftDist - shaft_radius`.
    *   The bearing hole needs to be sized for a friction fit of the bearing.
    *   I need to also include a small setscrew hole to secure the bearing in place, oriented in such a way that it is accessible.
    *   The bolt hole locations should be adjustable.
    *   The main body must also contain nut-shaped voids open on the side for easy nut insertion.
*   **Nut Holders:** These should be recesses to hold nuts flush with the pillow block's surface.
*   **Washer Plates:** These are simple circular plates that sit under the bolt heads to distribute the load.

Additionally, I'd like to have a drill guide included as part of the design. This is so that I can accurately position the pillow blocks when mounting them to the printer. I'd like this to be a separate piece to print. The drill guide should:

*   Fit flush against the printer's side and back panels.
*   Have a cutout on the upper lip to help fit into the corners.
*   Include holes to guide the drill bit for the pillow block's mounting bolts.
*   Include a guide to position and mark where the shaft will go on the side panel.

For the OpenSCAD files, please use parameters so that it's easy to customize the design. And, I'd really appreciate if it's done with a decent amount of commenting, since I'm still fairly new to using it. I am hoping that you can help me generate all of the .scad files for the design. I don't need to include any specific libraries (such as MCAD) as part of the design.

Thanks!

[Assistant]
pillow.scad:
```
// Y-AXIS SHAFT BEARING PILLOW BLOCK FOR REPLICATOR AND FLASHFORGE CREATOR
// Gary A. Crowell Sr.,  1/23/14

// temp bring in existing block to match sizes
//translate ([-5.5 -7 -10, -2, 0]) import_stl (file = "rep_bracket2B-V1.stl");

// Enter the distance from the inside of the panel to the opposite side of the
// shaft - this distance includes the space from the panel to the shaft plus the
// diameter of the shaft.  It's done this way because it's really easy to
// measure this with the depth guage feature of a caliper.  I suggest you
// measure each of the four pillow block locations - they may not be the same.

ShaftDist = 15.5;  // 15.5mm is the distance of the original block, 13mm + 2.5mm radius of shaft

CenterDist = ShaftDist - 2.5;
BearingOD = 11.35; // adjust for a friction fit of the bearing

echo ();
echo ("Measured Rod Distance - measured from");
echo ("inside wall to exterior of shaft away from wall");
echo ("...that is, the distance from wall to shaft,");
echo ("plus the shaft diameter, 5mm = ", ShaftDist);
echo ("Resulting distance, wall to shaft center = ", CenterDist);
echo ();

NutDia = 6.55;
NutHeight = 2.6;

difference() {

	hull () {
		translate ([-17, -CenterDist+13, 0]) cube (size = [34, 10+CenterDist-13, 8]); // main horizontal block
		translate ([0, 13, 0]) cylinder (h = 8, r = 9.0, $fn = 60); // circular bearing section
	} // hull

	// bolt holes - note: bolt holes must be large enough for a slip fit of the bolt - no threading
	translate ([14, 16, 4]) rotate (a = [90, 0, 0]) cylinder (h = 25, r = 3.5/2, $fn = 60);
	translate ([-14, 16, 4]) rotate (a = [90, 0, 0]) cylinder (h = 25, r = 3.5/2, $fn = 60);
	translate ([0, 13, 5]) rotate (a = [90, 0, 220]) cylinder (h = 20, r = 3.0/2, $fn = 60); // bearing setscrew

	translate ([0, 13, -1]) cylinder (h = 10, r = 3.5, $fn = 60); // central thru hole
	translate ([0, 13, 2]) cylinder (h = 8, r = BearingOD/2, $fn = 60); // bearing hole

	// nut voids, open to end surface
	hull () {
		translate ([-14, 8, 4]) rotate (a = [90, 0, 0]) cylinder (h = NutHeight, r = NutDia/2, $fn = 6);
		translate ([-18, 8, 4]) rotate (a = [90, 0, 0]) cylinder (h = NutHeight, r = NutDia/2, $fn = 6);
	} // hull
	hull () {
		translate ([14, 8, 4]) rotate (a = [90, 0, 0]) cylinder (h = NutHeight, r = NutDia/2, $fn = 6);
		translate ([18, 8, 4]) rotate (a = [90, 0, 0]) cylinder (h = NutHeight, r = NutDia/2, $fn = 6);
	} // hull

} // difference

// exterior plate
difference() {
	hull () {
		translate ([14.5, -10, 0]) rotate (a = [0, 0, 0]) cylinder (h = 1.2, r = 4, $fn = 30);
		translate ([-14.5, -10, 0]) rotate (a = [0, 0, 0]) cylinder (h = 1.2, r = 4, $fn = 30);
	} // hull
	translate ([14, -10, -1]) cylinder (h = 5, r = 3.4/2, $fn = 60);
	translate ([-14, -10, -1]) cylinder (h = 5, r = 3.4/2, $fn = 60);
} // difference
```
pillow_drill.scad:
```
// Replicator Pillow Block Drill Guide
// Gary A. Crowell Sr.,  1/14/15

//This thing is a drill guide for mounting the y-axis shaft pillow blocks,
//http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:232678

/*
// display the upper corner of the Replicator

difference() {
	hull () { // side
		translate ([0, -5.4+35, -50]) cube (size = [5.6, 50, 50]);
		translate ([0, -5.4, -50-35]) cube (size = [5.6, 50, 50]);
	}
	translate ([-10, 13+5.6, -17-5.4-3.6]) rotate (a = [0, 90, 0]) cylinder (h = 20, d = 11, $fn = 30);
}

hull () { // back
	translate ([5.6+32, 0, -50]) cube (size = [50, 5.6, 50]);
	translate ([5.6, 0, -50-32]) cube (size = [50, 5.6, 50]);
}
hull () { // top
	translate ([5.6+28, 5.6, -5.6-3.6]) cube (size = [50, 50, 5.6]);
	translate ([5.6, 5.6+28, -5.6-3.6]) cube (size = [50, 50, 5.6]);
}
*/
//shaft
//translate ([0, 13+5.6, -18-5.4-3.6]) rotate (a = [0, 90, 0]) cylinder (h = 100, d = 5, $fn = 30);

//shaft center from top edge of side panels
shaftcenter = 27;

translate ([0, -26.5, 0]) {
// measure the distance from the top edge to the center of the y-shaft
difference() {
	translate ([-2, 0, -45]) cube (size = [2, 90, 45]);
	translate ([-10, 45, -shaftcenter]) rotate (a = [0, 90, 0]) cylinder (h = 100, d = 7, $fn = 30);
	translate ([-10, 45, -shaftcenter+14]) rotate (a = [0, 90, 0]) cylinder (h = 100, d = 3.5, $fn = 30);
	translate ([-10, 45, -shaftcenter-14]) rotate (a = [0, 90, 0]) cylinder (h = 100, d = 3.5, $fn = 30);
	translate ([-10, 33, -43]) rotate (a = [0, 90, 0]) cylinder (h = 100, d = 8, $fn = 30);
	translate ([-10, 90-33, -43]) rotate (a = [0, 90, 0]) cylinder (h = 100, d = 8, $fn = 30);

}
// upper lip that sits on top of back or front panels
translate ([-2, 0, 0]) cube (size = [9, 90, 2]);

}

translate ([6, 5.5, -3.75]) #cube (size = [40, 6, 6]);

difference() {
translate ([-2, 5.6, 2]) cube (size = [15, 6, 4]);
translate ([0, 4.6, 7]) rotate (a = [0, 15, 0]) cube (size = [15, 8, 4]);
}

hull () {
translate ([25, 5.6, 0]) cube (size = [2, 6, 2]);
translate ([-2, -5, 0]) cube (size = [9, 30, 2]);
}

```


[User]
I'm trying to design a universal rack clamp for a DIY project, specifically for an electronic drum kit. I've seen a few of these before, and they're used in construction as well - basically, a clamp that connects pipes together. I need it to be parametric in OpenSCAD so I can adjust it for different pipe diameters and screw sizes.

I'm imagining the clamp to be in two mirrored pieces that bolt together to secure the pipes. Here's what I'm thinking for the parameters:

*   **`pipe_radius_inches`**: This should take the radius of the pipe in inches. Since I'll be using Schedule 40 PVC, the common sizes would be 2.375, 1.9, 1.660, and 1.315 inches (for 2", 1-1/2", 1-1/4", and 1" respectively), but it needs to be adjustable to other values as well. The final radius used internally should be converted to mm, so maybe call that `pipe_radius_mm`.

*   **`tightening_space`**: This is the space between the pipe and the inner edge of the clamp when the clamp is tightened. It should be adjustable in millimeters, with a default of 3mm.

*   **`screw_size`**: This should specify the diameter of the bolt being used (M4, M5, or M6 should cover most bases). The units are in mm.

*   **`clamp_strength`**: I'd like to control how thick the clamp is; probably best to use a percentage, and it should be fixed at 1.2 for now. I'm not sure if it makes sense for this to be a parameter, but I'm mentioning it because I'd like it calculated in mm as `clamp_strength_mm`.

The clamp design itself should have a main body with a rounded edge to better grip the pipes. I also want to add a chamfer, which should also be filleted, for additional strength. I need a bolt hole as well as a nut recess for the sizes above. I think a hex nut recess would be ideal for holding it in place.

The final OpenSCAD code should generate two mirrored clamp halves that, when put together, form a complete clamp.

It might also be good if the code uses a hexagon module (like from `shapes.scad`, but if that is not a good idea feel free to use whatever is appropriate to create a hex nut recess), because the hex nut is something that I use frequently.

[Assistant]
uni_clamp.scad:
```
//M. Haris Usmani
//http://harisusmani.com

//All Units are in mm, Import as STL with Unit=mm

/* [Main Settings] */
//Radius of Pipe in Inches (Schedule 40)
R=1.9; //[2.375:2"PVC,1.9:1-1/2"PVC,1.660:1-1/4"PVC,1.315:1"PVC]

//Space for Tightening
T=3; //[0:5]

//Nut Size
M=5; //[4,5,6]

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
R_mm=R*25.4; //Converted to mm!
//Strength of Clamp (Fixed)
S=1.2; // [1.2] Determines Strength of Clamp in Percentage-FIXED!

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//Hexagonal Module from shapes.scad, http://svn.clifford.at/openscad/trunk/libraries/shapes.scad by Catarina Mota
module hexagon(size, height) {
  boxWidth = size/1.75;
  for (r = [-60, 0, 60]) rotate([0,0,r]) cube([boxWidth, size, height], true);
}
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

//Pipe Model for Visualization
//translate([R_mm*S/2,R_mm*S/2,-R_mm*6]) cylinder(R_mm*10,R_mm/2,R_mm/2);

union()//Main Duplication
{

difference() //Pipe Hole
{
union()
{
minkowski() //Fillet
{
	union()
	{
		cube([R_mm*S,R_mm/2*S, R_mm*S]); //Main Body
		translate([R_mm*S/2,R_mm*S/2,0]) cylinder(R_mm*S,R_mm*S/2,R_mm*S/2); //Curved Edge
	}
	sphere([R_mm/2,R_mm,R_mm*5/12]); //Fillet Object
}

minkowski() //Fillet
{
	difference() //Hard Chamfer
	{
		translate([-R_mm/4,R_mm/5,(R_mm/2)-(R_mm*5/48)]) cube([R_mm/2,R_mm/1.4,R_mm*5/12]);
		translate([-R_mm,-R_mm*7/17,(R_mm/2)-(R_mm*5/24)]) rotate([0,0,-33]) cube([R_mm/2,R_mm,2*R_mm*5/12]);
	}
	sphere([R_mm/2,R_mm,R_mm*5/12]); //Fillet Object
}
}
	union()
	{
		translate([R_mm*S/2,R_mm*S/2,-R_mm*6]) cylinder(R_mm*10,R_mm/2,R_mm/2);//Pipe
		translate([-R_mm,R_mm*S*5/12,-R_mm]) cube([R_mm*2,R_mm/(15-T),R_mm*4]);//Tightning Space
		translate([-R_mm/7,R_mm*2,(R_mm*S/2)]) rotate([90,0,0]) cylinder((R_mm*4),M/2,M/2); //Screw Space
		if (M==4) translate([-R_mm/7,-R_mm*0.2,(R_mm*S/2)]) rotate([90,0,0]) hexagon(7.66,50); //NUTS
		if (M==5) translate([-R_mm/7,-R_mm*0.2,(R_mm*S/2)]) rotate([90,0,0]) hexagon(8.79,50);
		if (M==6) translate([-R_mm/7,-R_mm*0.2,(R_mm*S/2)]) rotate([90,0,0]) hexagon(11.05,50);
	}
} //Single Side ENDS

}

{

translate([R_mm*S,1,R_mm*S]) rotate([180,90,0]) //Main Translation

//COPY SIDE HERE
difference() //Pipe Hole
{
union()
{
minkowski() //Fillet
{
	union()
	{
		cube([R_mm*S,R_mm/2*S, R_mm*S]); //Main Body
		translate([R_mm*S/2,R_mm*S/2,0]) cylinder(R_mm*S,R_mm*S/2,R_mm*S/2); //Curved Edge
	}
	sphere([R_mm/2,R_mm,R_mm*5/12]); //Fillet Object
}

minkowski() //Fillet
{
	difference() //Hard Chamfer
	{
		translate([-R_mm/4,R_mm/5,(R_mm/2)-(R_mm*5/48)]) cube([R_mm/2,R_mm/1.4,R_mm*5/12]);
		translate([-R_mm,-R_mm*7/17,(R_mm/2)-(R_mm*5/24)]) rotate([0,0,-33]) cube([R_mm/2,R_mm,2*R_mm*5/12]);
	}
	sphere([R_mm/2,R_mm,R_mm*5/12]); //Fillet Object
}
}
	union()
	{
		translate([R_mm*S/2,R_mm*S/2,-R_mm*6]) cylinder(R_mm*10,R_mm/2,R_mm/2);//Pipe
		translate([-R_mm,R_mm*S*5/12,-R_mm]) cube([R_mm*2,R_mm/(15-T),R_mm*4]);//Tightning Space
		translate([-R_mm/7,R_mm*2,(R_mm*S/2)]) rotate([90,0,0]) cylinder((R_mm*4),M/2,M/2); //Screw Space
		if (M==4) translate([-R_mm/7,-R_mm*0.2,(R_mm*S/2)]) rotate([90,0,0]) hexagon(7.66,50); //NUTS
		if (M==5) translate([-R_mm/7,-R_mm*0.2,(R_mm*S/2)]) rotate([90,0,0]) hexagon(8.79,50);
		if (M==6) translate([-R_mm/7,-R_mm*0.2,(R_mm*S/2)]) rotate([90,0,0]) hexagon(11.05,50);
	}
}
///////////////
}

//preview[view: north, tilt: top];

```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to create a customizable cause bracelet, like those "livestrong" ones, but I need a way to specify the text and dimensions. I also might want to experiment with making a mold for it down the line.

So, I want an OpenSCAD design that lets me control:

*   **Text:** I need to be able to enter the text that goes on the bracelet.
*   **Units:** It would be ideal to work in mm, cm, inches, or thou. Let's start with mm as the default.
*   **Wrist Circumference:** This would determine the overall size of the bracelet.
*   **Text Height:** How tall the letters should be (though, I hear that part doesn't work right yet in other versions).
*   **Band Thickness:** How thick the bracelet material is.
*   **Engrave Depth:** How deep the letters should be engraved into the bracelet.
*   **Resolution:** Control over the circle smoothness would be useful, so that could be an option, but keep it fairly smooth by default.
*   **Mold Settings:** I'd like options for later to control:
    *   **Mold Wall Thickness:** How thick the walls around the bracelet would be in a mold.
    *   **Mold Hole Size:** Size of the holes for filling the mold.
    *   **Riser Height:** How tall the inlet riser is for the top mold.
    *   **Sprue Thickness:** The size of the mold inlet.
*   **Image:** (Optional for now but I'd like to revisit this later) I’d like a spot where I can include an icon or image later on.
*   **Goal:** Finally, I need to switch between just creating the bracelet and creating the two parts for a mold.

For the OpenSCAD files, please use the "Write.scad" library for the text rendering.

[Assistant]
livestronginator_v1.1.scad:
```
// This generates a cause bracelet - like a "livestrong" bracelet.
// Based on my o-ring generator:
//		http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:225603
// Licenced under Creative Commons: Attribution, Share-Alike
//		http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/3.0/
// For attribution you can direct people to the original file on thingiverse:
// 		http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:233561

// ================ includes
// http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:16193
use<write/Write.scad>

// ================ variables

//CUSTOMIZER VARIABLES

/* [Main] */

// What do you want it to say?
//(For best results, try and keep it under about 20 characters.)
text="Save The ROBOTS!";

// Upload an icon image of what you want. (TODO: not yet implemented)
image_file = "image-surface.dat"; // [image_surface:40x40]

// What do you want to create?
goal=0; // [0:"the bracelet itsself",1:"bracelet mold bottom",2:"bracelet mold top"]

// What units your measurements are in (experimental)
units=0; // [0:"mm",1:"cm",2:"in",3:"thou"]

// How big around is your wrist in selected units
//(exact measurement plus about 1.5cm or 1/2in)
wrist_circumference=200; // [50:500]

// How tall should it be in selected units?
// NOTE:  Currently doesn't work right.  Leave it at 1cm.
text_height=10;

// How thick should the band be in selected units? (Be careful. Too thick and it won't streach enough to get on!)
cross_sectional_diameter=2.5;

/* [Mold settings] */

// How thick(mm) the walls arount the part are.
mold_perimeter=5;

// The size(mm) of the mold fill/vent holes.
mold_hole_size=4;

// The height(mm) of the inlet riser for the top mold.
riser_height=15;

// The inlet size(mm). Increase for more viscous rubber, decrease for less cleanup.
sprue_thickness=0.5;

/* [Advanced] */

// (in mm) Be careful to keep this small enough.  Too deep and it may not come out of your mold!
engrave_depth=0.25;

// Resolution of the model.  Crank it up for smoother circles, but be careful.  It can make things really slow!
$fn=75; // [30:150]

//CUSTOMIZER VARIABLES END
module dummy() {};

// =============== program

// ---- Data
units_names=["mm","cm","in","thou"];
units_conversion=[1.0,10.0,25.4,0.0254];
twopi=6.283185307179586;
pi=3.141592653589793238;

//---- Functions

// converts using the global "units" value or whatever is specified
function tomm(u,t_units=-1) = u*units_conversion[t_units<0?units:t_units];
function fn_inside_diameter(inside_diameter,outside_diameter,cross_sectional_diameter) = ((inside_diameter>0)?(inside_diameter):(outside_diameter-(cross_sectional_diameter/2)));
function fn_cross_sectional_diameter(inside_diameter,outside_diameter,cross_sectional_diameter) = ((inside_diameter>0)?((outside_diameter-inside_diameter)*2):(cross_sectional_diameter));
function circ2dia(circ) = (circ/pi);
function circ2radius(circ) = (circ2dia(circ)/2);

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// module _o_ring_B()
// actually generates the geometry
// use create_o_ring instead.  This is just a helper.
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
module _o_ring_B (outside_diameter=40,cross_sectional_diameter=3,minionizing_cross_section=0) {
	echo("//////////////////////// o-ring");
	echo(str("outside_diameter=",outside_diameter));
	echo(str("cross_sectional_diameter=",cross_sectional_diameter));
	echo(str("minionizing_cross_section=",minionizing_cross_section));
	rotate_extrude() translate([(outside_diameter-(cross_sectional_diameter/2))/2,0,0]) if (minionizing_cross_section>0) {
		union() {
			translate([0,minionizing_cross_section/2,0]) circle(r=cross_sectional_diameter/2);
			square([cross_sectional_diameter,minionizing_cross_section],center=true);
			translate([0,-minionizing_cross_section/2,0]) circle(r=cross_sectional_diameter/2);
		}
	} else {
		circle(r=cross_sectional_diameter/2);
	}
};

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// module _o_ring_A()
// accounts for undersizing using delta-volume between stretched and relaxed state
// use create_o_ring instead.  This is just a helper.
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
module _o_ring_A (outside_diameter=40,cross_sectional_diameter=3,minionizing_cross_section=0,undersizing=0) {
		if(undersizing>0) {
			// Hint: volume of a torus is 2*PI^2*R*r^2
			// So for the same volume, that means: R1*r1^2=R2*r2^2
			// or, r2=sqrt(R1*r1^2/R2)
			echo(str("cross_sectional_diameter=",cross_sectional_diameter));
			_o_ring_B(outside_diameter-undersizing,
				2*sqrt(
					(((outside_diameter-(cross_sectional_diameter)/2)/2)
					*
					pow(cross_sectional_diameter/2,2))
					/
					(((outside_diameter-undersizing)-(cross_sectional_diameter)/2)/2)
				),minionizing_cross_section);
		}else{
			_o_ring_B(outside_diameter,cross_sectional_diameter,minionizing_cross_section);
		}
};

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// module create_o_ring()
// units - Whether you are measuring is mm or .thou
// outside_diameter - Please specify this and cross sectional diameter OR inside diameter NOT BOTH
// cross_sectional_diameter - Please specify this OR inside diameter NOT BOTH
// inside_diameter - Please specify this OR cross sectional diameter NOT BOTH
// minionizing_cross_section - This is used for widening the o ring along the z axis to prevent twisting
// undersizing - Make the o-ring diameter this much undersize (this is different than changing the id/od because it also accounts for streach volume)
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
module create_o_ring (units=0,outside_diameter=40,cross_sectional_diameter=3,inside_diameter=-1,minionizing_cross_section=0,undersizing=0) {
		if(inside_diameter>0) {
			_o_ring_A(tomm(outside_diameter,units),tomm((outside_diameter-inside_diameter)/2,units),tomm(minionizing_cross_section,units),tomm(undersizing,units));
		}else{
			_o_ring_A(tomm(outside_diameter,units),tomm(cross_sectional_diameter,units),tomm(minionizing_cross_section,units),tomm(undersizing,units));
		}
};

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// module create_relief()
// creates a text engrave_depth for a cylinder
// height - how tall the text is
// depth - how deep the engrave_depth is
// radius - the radius of the cylinder
// text - what you want to say
// image - if you want an image icon with this (TODO: not implemented)
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
module create_relief(height=10,depth=0.25,radius=20,text="",image=false){
	echo ("========================",text);
	echo (str("text_height=",height));
	if(text!=""){
		resize([0,0,height/2]) writecylinder(text=text,where=[0,0,0],radius=radius,height=height);
	}
}

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// module livestonginator()
// same as create_o_ring() but adds the ability to create molds and add text engrave_depths
// goal - [0:"the bracelet itsself",1:"bracelet mold bottom",2:"bracelet mold top"]
// units - Whether you are measuring is mm or .thou
// text_height - how tall the letters are
// engrave_depth - how deep the letters are engraved (in mm)
// text - what the text should say
// image - include an image/icon
// wrist_circumference - How big around the wrist is
// cross_sectional_diameter - How thick the band is
// mold_perimeter - How thick(mm) the walls arount the part are.
// mold_hole_size - The size(mm) of the mold fill/vent holes.
// riser_height - The height(mm) of the inlet riser for the top mold.
// sprue_thickness - The inlet size(mm). Increase for more viscous rubber, decrease for less cleanup.
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
module livestonginator(goal=0,units=0,text_height=15,engrave_depth=0.25,message_text="TEST",image=false,wrist_circumference=200,cross_sectional_diameter=3,mold_perimeter=5,mold_hole_size=4,riser_height=15,sprue_thickness=0.5)
{
	if(goal==0){
		difference() {
			create_o_ring(units,circ2dia(wrist_circumference),cross_sectional_diameter,-1,text_height,0);
			translate([0,0,(-tomm(text_height,units))+(-tomm(cross_sectional_diameter,units)*1.5)]) create_relief(tomm(text_height,units)+(tomm(cross_sectional_diameter,units)*2),engrave_depth,tomm(circ2radius(wrist_circumference)+1,units),message_text,image);
		}
	}else if(goal==1){ // mold bottom half
		difference(){
			translate([0,0,-tomm(text_height,units)]) union() {
				translate([
					-(tomm(wrist_circumference,units)+mold_perimeter)/2,
					-(tomm(wrist_circumference,units)+mold_perimeter)/2,
					(-cross_sectional_diameter/2)-(cross_sectional_diameter/2+(mold_perimeter/2))
					])
					cube([tomm(wrist_circumference,units)+mold_perimeter,tomm(wrist_circumference,units)+mold_perimeter,cross_sectional_diameter+(mold_perimeter/2)+tomm(text_height,units)]);
				// key
				translate([0,0,tomm(text_height,units)]) sphere ([mold_perimeter*4,mold_perimeter*4,mold_perimeter*4]);
			}
			difference() {
				create_o_ring(units,circ2dia(wrist_circumference),cross_sectional_diameter,-1,text_height,0);
				translate([0,0,-tomm(text_height,units)/2]) create_relief(tomm(text_height,units)+(tomm(cross_sectional_diameter,units)*2),engrave_depth,tomm(circ2radius(wrist_circumference)+1,units),message_text,image);
			}
		}
	}else{ // mold top half
		rotate([180,0,0]) difference(){
			union() {
				translate([
					-(tomm(wrist_circumference,units)+mold_perimeter)/2,
					-(tomm(wrist_circumference,units)+mold_perimeter)/2,
					(-cross_sectional_diameter/2)+(-cross_sectional_diameter/2+(mold_perimeter/2))
					])
					//cylinder(d=tomm(wrist_circumference,units)+mold_perimeter,$fs=6);
					cube([tomm(wrist_circumference,units)+mold_perimeter,tomm(wrist_circumference,units)+mold_perimeter,cross_sectional_diameter+(mold_perimeter/2)]);
				// inlet riser
				translate([(fn_inside_diameter(-1,wrist_circumference,cross_sectional_diameter)/2-((mold_hole_size+cross_sectional_diameter)/2))-(mold_hole_size/2)+(mold_perimeter/2),0,0]) cylinder(r=(mold_hole_size+mold_perimeter)/2,h=riser_height);
			}
			// key hole
			sphere ([mold_perimeter*4,mold_perimeter*4,mold_perimeter*4]);
			// o-ring
			// NOTE: not necessary to subtract text or minionize since this covers just the top radius of the ring
			create_o_ring(units,circ2dia(wrist_circumference),cross_sectional_diameter,-1,0,0);
			// inlet hole
			translate([(fn_inside_diameter(-1,wrist_circumference,cross_sectional_diameter)/2-((mold_hole_size+cross_sectional_diameter)/2)),0,-50]) cylinder(r=mold_hole_size/2,h=100);
			translate([(fn_inside_diameter(-1,wrist_circumference,cross_sectional_diameter)/2-((mold_hole_size+cross_sectional_diameter)/2)),0,-sprue_thickness]) cylinder(r=(mold_hole_size+cross_sectional_diameter)/2,h=sprue_thickness);
			// vent hole
			translate([-(fn_inside_diameter(-1,wrist_circumference,cross_sectional_diameter)/2-((mold_hole_size+cross_sectional_diameter)/2)),0,-50]) cylinder(r=mold_hole_size/2,h=100);
			translate([-(fn_inside_diameter(-1,wrist_circumference,cross_sectional_diameter)/2-((mold_hole_size+cross_sectional_diameter)/2)),0,-sprue_thickness]) cylinder(r=(mold_hole_size+cross_sectional_diameter)/2,h=sprue_thickness);
		}
	}
}

//---- The program
livestonginator(goal,units,text_height,engrave_depth,text,image_file,wrist_circumference,cross_sectional_diameter,mold_perimeter,mold_hole_size,riser_height,sprue_thickness);
```


[User]
I need an OpenSCAD design for a parametric paintbrush holder. I want to be able to customize the number of brushes it holds, its overall width, the length per brush, the height, the thickness of the holder's profile, the thickness of the base underneath the V-shaped portion, and the slope of the paintbrush holding portion.

Specifically, I want the design to use a series of V-shaped supports, with the base of each V-shape connected to a base that extends along the length of the holder.

Here are the specific parameters I'd like to control:

*   **Number of Brushes:**  This will determine how many V-shaped supports are in the holder. I need to be able to set this between 1 and 12, inclusive.
*   **Holder Width:**  The overall width of the holder (how deep the V shapes are). I need to be able to specify this in mm, with a range of 20 to 70 mm, inclusive.
*   **Holder Length Per Brush:**  This controls the length added to the holder per brush, it is multiplied by the number of brushes + 1 to get total length. So, if set to 22mm and with 5 brushes, the holder is 22mm \* (5+1)=132mm long. I need to be able to set this between 10 and 50 mm, inclusive.
*   **Holder Height:** The height of the V-shaped supports. I need a range of 10 to 40 mm, inclusive.
*   **Holder Thickness:** How thick the whole holder is when viewed from the side; the distance between the top of the upper surface of the holder and the bottom of the base surface.  I need this to have a range of 5 to 30 mm, inclusive.
*   **Holder Base Height:** The thickness of the base underneath the V-shaped portion.  This should have a range of 0 to 30 mm, inclusive.
*   **Slope in Degrees:** The angle of the V-shaped supports, in degrees. I need a range of 0 to 35 degrees, inclusive.

I'd also like the design to include a visual build plate for display purposes. I need to be able to select from some common build plate sizes (Replicator 2, Replicator, Thingomatic) or to manually specify its X and Y dimensions. Could you please use a `build_plate` module from a library, such as the one included in the provided code? I don't have this library, but it's commonly used. The library should have the following structure, which you'll have to recreate in the provided .scad code:

```
module build_plate(build_plate_selector,build_plate_manual_x,build_plate_manual_y)
{
  if (build_plate_selector == 0) {
    //Replicator 2
    color("silver") cube([285,153,1],center=true);
  }
  if (build_plate_selector == 1) {
    //Replicator
    color("silver") cube([225,145,1],center=true);
  }
  if (build_plate_selector == 2) {
    //Thingomatic
      color("silver") cube([150,150,1],center=true);
    }
   if (build_plate_selector == 3){
     color("silver") cube([build_plate_manual_x,build_plate_manual_y,1],center=true);
     }
}
```

I'm looking for the design to be created from scratch, not by trying to improve the code I attached.

[Assistant]
PaintBrushHolderV6.scad:
```
use <utils/build_plate.scad>;

// The number of brushes that the holder can take. Currently set to:
01_Number_Of_Brushes = 5; // [1:12]
// The width of the holder in mm. Currently set to:
02_Holder_Width = 40; // [20:70]
// This variable controls the length of the holder, expressed as additional length per brush in mm. The length of the holder will be this number multiplied by the number of brushes + 1. E.g. with the default setting of 5 brushes and the Holder Length Per Brush set to 22 mm the total length of the holder is 22 x (5 + 1) = 132 mm.  Currently set to:
03_Holder_Length_Per_Brush = 22; // [10:50]
// The holder height in mm.  Currently set to:
04_Holder_Height = 18; // [10:40]
// How thick the profile of the holder is, expressed as the distance between the top of the upper surface of the holder and the bottom surface of the holder in mm.  Set to:
05_Holder_Thickness = 12; //[5:30]
// Thickness of the base underneath the V shaped portion of the holder in mm (if this is bigger than the Holder Thickness it will make no difference).  Currently set to:
06_Holder_Base_Height = 10; // [0:30]
// The slope of the paintbrush holding portion in degrees.  Currently set to:
07_Slope_In_Degrees = 22.55; // [0:35]

//Build plate for display only, doesn't contribute to final object
build_plate_selector = 0; //[0:Replicator 2,1: Replicator,2:Thingomatic,3:Manual]

//when Build Plate Selector is set to "manual" this controls the build plate x dimension
build_plate_manual_x = 100; //[100:400]

//when Build Plate Selector is set to "manual" this controls the build plate y dimension
build_plate_manual_y = 100; //[100:400]

build_plate(build_plate_selector,build_plate_manual_x,build_plate_manual_y);

Holder_Unit_Length = 03_Holder_Length_Per_Brush/1;
TriHalfWidth = Holder_Unit_Length/2;
TriBackElev = 07_Slope_In_Degrees/90*02_Holder_Width;
TriBackOffset = -TriBackElev;
RemoveSurfaceWidth = 0.01/1; //Used to remove zero width surfaces

difference(){
	union	(){
		for (TriX = [0 : 01_Number_Of_Brushes]) //Create 5 copies of spike
		{
		polyhedron(
			points=[ 	[0 + Holder_Unit_Length * TriX,0,0],
							[Holder_Unit_Length + Holder_Unit_Length * TriX,0,0],
							[TriHalfWidth + Holder_Unit_Length * TriX, 04_Holder_Height,0],
							[0 + Holder_Unit_Length * TriX,TriBackElev, 02_Holder_Width],
							[Holder_Unit_Length + Holder_Unit_Length * TriX, TriBackElev, 02_Holder_Width],
							[TriHalfWidth + Holder_Unit_Length * TriX ,04_Holder_Height, 02_Holder_Width]
						],

			triangles=[ [1,2,0],
							[5,4,3],
							[3,2,5],
							[0,2,3],
							[0,3,4],
							[1,0,4],
							[4,5,2],
							[1,4,2]
						]
		);
		}

		//Create spike base
		polyhedron(
			points=[	[0,0,0],
						[Holder_Unit_Length + Holder_Unit_Length * 01_Number_Of_Brushes, 0, 0],
						[0,0,02_Holder_Width],
						[Holder_Unit_Length + Holder_Unit_Length * 01_Number_Of_Brushes, 0, 02_Holder_Width],
						[0,TriBackElev,02_Holder_Width],
						[Holder_Unit_Length + Holder_Unit_Length * 01_Number_Of_Brushes, TriBackElev, 02_Holder_Width]
					],

			triangles=[	[0,4,2],
							[3,5,1],
							[1,0,2],
							[3,1,2],
							[4,5,2],
							[5,3,2],
							[1,4,0],
							[1,5,4]
						]
		);

		//Create spacer base
		translate([0,-06_Holder_Base_Height,0])
		cube([Holder_Unit_Length + Holder_Unit_Length * 01_Number_Of_Brushes, 06_Holder_Base_Height, 02_Holder_Width]);
	}

	//Cut out the bottom portion
	translate([0,-05_Holder_Thickness,+RemoveSurfaceWidth]){
	union	(){
		for (TriX = [0 : 01_Number_Of_Brushes]) //Create 5 copies of spike
		{
		polyhedron(
			points=[ 	[0 + Holder_Unit_Length * TriX,0,0],
							[Holder_Unit_Length + Holder_Unit_Length * TriX,0,0],
							[TriHalfWidth + Holder_Unit_Length * TriX, 04_Holder_Height,0],
							[0 + Holder_Unit_Length * TriX,TriBackElev+TriBackOffset, 02_Holder_Width],
							[Holder_Unit_Length + Holder_Unit_Length * TriX, TriBackElev+TriBackOffset, 02_Holder_Width],
							[TriHalfWidth + Holder_Unit_Length * TriX ,04_Holder_Height, 02_Holder_Width]
						],

			triangles=[ [1,2,0],
							[5,4,3],
							[3,2,5],
							[0,2,3],
							[0,3,4],
							[1,0,4],
							[4,5,2],
							[1,4,2]
						]
		);
		translate([0, 0, -(1-(2 * RemoveSurfaceWidth))]) cube([(01_Number_Of_Brushes +1)* 03_Holder_Length_Per_Brush,04_Holder_Height+06_Holder_Base_Height+05_Holder_Thickness,1]);

		}

		//Create spike base
		polyhedron(
			points=[	[0,0,0],
						[Holder_Unit_Length + Holder_Unit_Length * 01_Number_Of_Brushes, 0, 0],
						[0,0,02_Holder_Width],
						[Holder_Unit_Length + Holder_Unit_Length * 01_Number_Of_Brushes, 0, 02_Holder_Width],
						[0,TriBackElev+TriBackOffset,02_Holder_Width],
						[Holder_Unit_Length + Holder_Unit_Length * 01_Number_Of_Brushes, TriBackElev+TriBackOffset, 02_Holder_Width]
					],

			triangles=[	[0,4,2],
							[3,5,1],
							[1,0,2],
							[3,1,2],
							[4,5,2],
							[5,3,2],
							[1,4,0],
							[1,5,4]
						]
		);

		//Create spacer base
		translate([0,-06_Holder_Base_Height,0])
		cube([Holder_Unit_Length + Holder_Unit_Length * 01_Number_Of_Brushes, 06_Holder_Base_Height, 02_Holder_Width]);
	}
}

//Remove zero width surfaces

}
```


[User]
I'm looking to design a parametric filament holder for my 3D printer, similar to the one I saw on YouTube. It should consist of a central hub that mounts on a rod, and multiple arms that extend outwards to support a filament spool.

Here are the key features and parameters I'd like to control:

**General Structure:**

*   **Central Hub:**
    *   Should be designed to mount on a central rod. The rod diameter needs to be parametric.
    *   The hub should have connection points for the arms.
    *   The height of the hub should be adjustable.
*   **Arms:**
    *   The number of arms should be parametric, with options for 3, 4, 5, or 6 arms.
    *   Each arm should consist of multiple segments, connected by hinges.
    *   The lengths of these arm segments and angles between them should be parametric.
    *   The arms should have a consistent thickness and height, which are both parametric.
    *   I'd like the ability to add holes at the end of the arm for securing the filament end, and these positions should also be configurable.
*   **Mounting Mechanism:**
    *   The hub needs to have a way to attach to a mounting plate for my printer setup. This attachment should be configurable with screw hole positions and diameters.
    *   The mounting plate should also include space for nuts in the screw holes.
    *   I'd like the height, width, and thickness of the mounting plate to be parametric.

**Specific Parameters (with example ranges/defaults):**

*   `tube_d`: Diameter of the central rod (e.g., 8mm)
*   `tube_dd`: Freeplay/clearance on the central rod (e.g., 0.1mm)
*   `nb_arms`: Number of arms (e.g., 3, 4, 5, 6)
*   `hub_h`: Height of the central hub (e.g., 15mm)
*   `hub_ear_len`: Length from the main axis to the arm shoulder (e.g., 6mm)
*   `arm_hinge`: Length from the shoulder to the elbow junction (e.g., 35mm)
*   `arm_len`: Length of the first arm segment (e.g., 65mm)
*   `arm_hand_len`: Length of the outer arm segment (e.g., 45mm)
*   `arm_hand_hangle`: Angle of the outer arm segment (e.g., 35 degrees)
*  `wall_th`: Thickness of the arms (e.g., 4mm)
*   `arm_h`: Height of the arm sections (e.g., 10mm)
*   `hook_th`: Thickness of the mounting plate (e.g., 4mm)
*   `hook_sc2sc`: Distance between screw holes on the mounting plate (e.g., 40mm)
*   `hook_screw_d`: Diameter of the mounting plate screw holes (e.g., 3mm)
*   `hook_height`: Height of the mounting plate (e.g., 20mm)
*   `hook_width`: Width of the mounting plate (e.g., 30mm)
*   `hook_nut_d`: Diameter of the nuts on the mounting plate (e.g., 14.38mm)
*   `hook_nut_h`: Thickness of the nuts on the mounting plate (e.g., 6.8mm)
* `fp`: freeplay on rotational junctions (e.g. 0.4mm)

**Display/Preview:**
*   I'd like to have a preview mode, that shows an approximate filament roll for visual confirmation using the `shown_roll_id`, `shown_roll_od`, `shown_roll_th` parameters, as well as a parameter for the arms display, named `shown_arm_angle`
*   I need a flag to only show each of the three parts (hub, arms, attachment).

**OpenSCAD Libraries:**

I don't think you'll need any external libraries for this, but please ensure no libraries are assumed.

Please generate the OpenSCAD code necessary for this design. I would like to be able to customize all these parameters and create the different parts separately.

[Assistant]
spider_holder.scad:
```
tol=1*0.1;

/* [Main] */

// Which part to display (preview only for... previewing)
show="preview"; // [preview, hub, arm, attachment]
//show="hub";
//show="arm";
//show="attachment";
//show="hooks"; // only for UM with my hooks

// Number of arms
nb_arms=3; // [3, 4, 5, 6]

/* [Tuning (only visual)] */

// Approximative geomery of the filament roll
shown_roll_id= 200;
// Outer diameter
shown_roll_od= 320;
// Thickness
shown_roll_th= 40;

// Just for display, how opened are the arms
shown_arm_angle= 48; // [20:90]

/* [Main geometry] */

// Axis/rod diameter
tube_d=8;

// Arm: main axis to arm shoulder
hub_ear_len=6; // [0:200]
// Arm: shoulder to elbow junction
arm_hinge= 35; // [0:200]
// Arm: first arm segment after junction
arm_len= 65; // [0:200]
// Arm: outer arm segment
arm_hand_len= 45; // [0:200]
// Arm: angle of the outer arm segment
arm_hand_hangle= 35; // [0:90]

fp= 0*0.4; // freeplay on rotational junctions

/* [Advanced settings] */

// Axis/rod freeplay
tube_dd=0.1;

// Arm thickness
wall_th=4;           // [3:8]
// Arm section height
arm_h=10;            // [5:20]
// Hub height
hub_h= 15;           // [5:30]

/* [Rod holder] */

// Plate thickness
hook_th= 4;
// Distance from screw to screw
hook_sc2sc= 40;
// Diameter for the hook attachment screws
hook_screw_d= 3;
// Height
hook_height=20;
// Width
hook_width= 30;
// Nut diameter
hook_nut_d=14.38;
// Nut thickness
hook_nut_h=6.8;

// ========== computed values (do not modify)

hub_r= (tube_d+tube_dd)/2+wall_th;

// Computed position of the arm rotation axis (only to tune the display)
ear_start_x= (tube_d-tube_dd)/2+wall_th;
ear_start_z= -(hub_h-arm_h)/2;

// Relative distance to the rotational axis of the arms (for display only)
rot_x2= ear_start_x + hub_ear_len + cos(shown_arm_angle)*(arm_hinge + arm_h/2) + sin(shown_arm_angle)*(arm_h/2);
rot_z2= ear_start_z + -sin(shown_arm_angle)*(arm_hinge + arm_h/2) + cos(shown_arm_angle)*(arm_h/2);
%translate([rot_x2,0,rot_z2]) rotate([90,0,0]) cylinder(r=2,h=80,center=true);

hub_shown_distance= rot_z2*2;

if(show=="preview")
{
	%union()
	{
		// axis
		translate([0,0,rot_z2]) cylinder(r=(tube_d+tube_dd)/2-tol, h=-rot_z2*2 + 2*hub_h, center=true);
		// pseudo roll
		translate([0,0,hub_shown_distance/2])
			difference() { cylinder(r=shown_roll_od/2,h=shown_roll_th,center=true); cylinder(r=shown_roll_id/2,h=shown_roll_th+1,center=true); }
	}

	hub(witharms=true);
	color([1,0.5,0.5]) translate([0,0,hub_shown_distance]) rotate([180,0,0])
		hub(witharms=true);

//	translate([0,0,-arm_len/2-30])
	translate([0,0,rot_z2*2 - hub_h/2 - hook_height - 1])
	{
		color([0,1,0.5]) um_attachment();
		//color([1,0.5,1]) translate([0,-8,-8]) rotate([0,90,90])
		//	um_hooks(wall_th=6, height=44, um_hook_width=hook_width);
	}
}
else if(show=="hub")
{
	hub(); // you need 2
}
else if(show=="arm")
{
	rotate([180,0,0])
		arm(); // you need (2 x nb_arms)
}
else if(show=="attachment")
{
	um_attachment();
}
else if(show=="hooks")
{
	//rotate([0,-90,0]) um_hooks(wall_th=6, height=44, um_hook_width=hook_width);
}

module chain_hull()
{
	for(i=[0:$children-2])
		hull()
			for(j=[i,i+1])
				child(j);
}

module um_attachment()
{
	difference()
	{
		union()
		{
			difference()
			{
				hull()
					for(x=[-1,+1])
						translate([x*hook_sc2sc/2,0,0])
						{
							cylinder(r=hook_width/2, h=hook_th-2);
							translate([0,0,hook_th])
								gopro_torus(r=hook_width/2, rnd=2);
						}
				// M3 bolt holes
				for(x=[-1,+1])
							translate([x*hook_sc2sc/2,0,-tol])
								cylinder(r=hook_screw_d/2, h=10, $fs=1);
			}

			hull()
			{
				cylinder(r=(tube_d-tube_dd)/2+wall_th,h=hook_height);
				translate([0,0,3]) cube([30,wall_th,2],center=true);
			}
		}

		translate([0,0,-tol])
		{
			cylinder(r=(tube_d-tube_dd)/2 - 0.1,h=31);
			cylinder(r=hook_nut_d/2,$fn=6,h=hook_nut_h);
		}
	}
}

module ear(main_rot_angle)
{
	rotate([90,0,0])
		translate([ear_start_x, ear_start_z, 0])
	{
		difference()
		{
			union()
			{
				for(x=[-1,+1]) translate([0,0,x*wall_th])
				hull()
				{
					translate([-arm_h+1,0,0]) scale([0.1,1,1])
						gopro_rcyl(r=arm_h/2, h=wall_th,center=true, rnd=3);
					translate([hub_ear_len-arm_h+1,0,0]) scale([0.1,1,1])
						gopro_rcyl(r=arm_h/2, h=wall_th,center=true, rnd=3);
				}
				hull()
				{
					translate([hub_ear_len-arm_h+1,0,0]) scale([0.5,1,1])
						gopro_rcyl(r=arm_h/2, h=wall_th*4,center=true, rnd=3);
					translate([hub_ear_len+fp,0,0])
						gopro_rcyl(r=arm_h/2, h=wall_th*4,center=true, rnd=3);
				}
			}
			translate([hub_ear_len+fp,0,0])
			{
				cylinder(r=3/2, h=4*wall_th+1,center=true,$fs=1);
				cube([arm_h+fp*2, arm_h+fp*2+2*tol, wall_th*2+fp*2],center=true);
			}
		}
	}
}

module hub(witharms=false)
{
	difference()
	{
		union()
		{
			gopro_rcyl(r=hub_r, h=hub_h,center=true,rnd=3);

			for(r=[0:360/nb_arms:359])
				rotate([0,0,r])
				{
					ear(r);

					if(witharms)
						translate([(tube_d-tube_dd)/2+wall_th + hub_ear_len+fp, 0, -(hub_h-arm_h)/2])
							rotate([90,shown_arm_angle,0])
								arm(r);
				}
		}
		cylinder(r=(tube_d+tube_dd)/2, h=hub_h+2,center=true);
	}
}

module gopro_torus(r,rnd)
{
	translate([0,0,rnd/2])
		rotate_extrude(convexity= 10)
			translate([r-rnd/2, 0, 0])
				circle(r= rnd/2, $fs=0.2);
}

module gopro_rcyl(r,h, center=false, rnd=1)
{
	translate([0,0,center ? -h/2 : 0])
	hull() {
		translate([0,0,0]) gopro_torus(r=r, rnd=rnd);
		translate([0,0,h-rnd]) gopro_torus(r=r, rnd=rnd);
	}
}

module arm_section()
{
	gopro_rcyl(r=arm_h/2, h=wall_th-fp,center=true, rnd=2);
}

module arm(main_rot_angle)
{
  difference()
  {
    union()
    {
      cylinder(r=arm_h/2, h=wall_th*2-fp,center=true); // large shoulder
      translate([0,0,wall_th/2])
      {
	difference()
	{
	  union()
	  {
	    chain_hull()
	    {
	      arm_section();
	      translate([arm_hinge,0,0]) arm_section();
	      translate([arm_hinge + arm_h, arm_h,0]) arm_section();
	      translate([arm_len + arm_h, arm_h,0]) arm_section();
	    }
	    translate([arm_len + arm_h, arm_h, 0])
	      hull()
	      {
		arm_section();
		rotate([0,0,arm_hand_hangle])
		  translate([arm_hand_len,0,0]) arm_section();
	      }
	  }
	  translate([arm_hinge + arm_h/2, arm_h/2,0])
	    cylinder(r=3/2,h=wall_th+1,center=true,$fs=1); // hinge

	  // holes used to fix the filament end
	  translate([arm_len + arm_h - 6, arm_h,0])
	    cylinder(r=3.1/2,h=wall_th+1,center=true,$fs=1); // hinge
	  translate([arm_len + arm_h, arm_h, 0])
	      rotate([0,0,arm_hand_hangle])
		translate([arm_hand_len-3,0,0])
		  cylinder(r=3.1/2,h=wall_th+1,center=true,$fs=1); // hinge

	}
      }
    }
    cylinder(r=3/2, h=wall_th*2+1,center=true,$fs=1); // attachment hole

  }
}

```


[User]
I'd like to create a parametric design based on the Pythagorean theorem, specifically visualizing the relationship between the areas of semicircles constructed on the sides of a right triangle. The idea is similar to the provided code, but I want it to be more flexible and suitable for generating different kinds of objects like coasters, vases, or even decorative pieces.

Here's what I'm envisioning:

1.  **Core Structure:** The design should start with a right triangle defined by two legs, `a` and `b`, and the hypotenuse, `c`.  The lengths `a` and `b` should be parameters that the user can adjust.

2.  **Semicircles:** Semicircles should be constructed on each side of the triangle. The diameter of each semicircle should match the length of its corresponding side (a, b, or c).  I need to be able to control the thickness/height of the resulting shapes.

3.  **Output options**: I'd like to output multiple designs based on this structure:
    *   **Coaster:** Output a flat design with the semicircles filled, possibly with a small border for a clean look. The triangle itself can be a solid or outline, your choice.
    *   **Vase (Vertical):** I want to be able to generate a vase-like shape by extruding the semicircles (with the base triangle as a possible option) upwards and then optionally adding a hollowed out section inside the "c" semicircle, the one on the hypotenuse.
    *   **Vase (Horizontal):**  I'd like to be able to rotate the vertical vase to a horizontal orientation.
    *   **Earrings:**  I'd like to be able to select individual semicircles (a, b, or c) and to generate flattened versions, each suitable for creating earrings.

4.  **Parameters:** I need the following adjustable parameters in the OpenSCAD file:
    *   `leg_a`: Length of the first leg of the triangle.
    *   `leg_b`: Length of the second leg of the triangle.
    *  `height`: The height/thickness of the coasters and earring shapes, and the height of the vase.
    *  `vase_wall_thickness`: for the vases, the thickness of the vase wall.
    *  `border`: (optional) if generating a coaster, include this parameter for the thickness of the border around each semicircle.
    *  `output_type`:  A string parameter that chooses between "coaster", "vase_vertical", "vase_horizontal", and "earring_a", "earring_b", or "earring_c".

5.  **Modularity:** The code should be well-organized and modular.  I expect to see separate modules for creating the triangle, each semicircle, and the various output types, which I described earlier.

6.  **Libraries:** I'm not using any special libraries in this project.

Could you generate the OpenSCAD code to accomplish this? I'm excited to see what it can do!

[Assistant]
Pythagoras.scad:
```
// Pythagoras Thing
// Version 1.0
// Luigi Cisana, 22 Jan, 2014

// Leg a
leg_a=80; // [20:120]
// Leq b
leg_b=30; // [20:120]
// Height
heigth = 2; // [1:120]

// Number of facets, set a low value for a draft version
fn = 120; // [30:200]

/* [Hidden] */
a = leg_a;
b = leg_b;
c = sqrt(pow(a,2)+pow(b,2));
h = heigth;
ro = (a+b)/8;
e = (a+b)/75;

echo("c =", c, "ro =", ro, "e =", e);

/****** Main *********/
linear_extrude(height=h , center = false, convexity = 10, twist = 0) {
	semi_circles_a();
	semi_circles_b();
	semi_circles_c();
}

triangle();

//translate ([-3,3]) cylinder(h = 5.5, r=1, $fn=fn);

/****** Modules *********/

module semi_circles_a () {
	difference () {
		translate ([a/2,-0.1]) circle(r = a/2,$fn=fn);
		translate ([0,-a]) square ([a,a], center=false);
	}
}

module semi_circles_b () {
	difference () {
		translate ([0.1,-b/2]) circle(r = b/2,$fn=fn);
		translate ([0,-b]) square ([b,b], center=false);
	}
}

module semi_circles_c () {
	translate ([0,-b]) {
		rotate(a=[0,0,asin(b/c)]) {
			difference () {
				translate ([c/2,0]) circle(r = c/2,$fn=fn);
				translate ([0,0]) square ([c,c], center=false);
			}
		}
	}
}

module triangle() {
	linear_extrude(height=h , center = false, convexity = 10, twist = 0) {
		difference () {
			circle(r = ro, $fn=fn);
			circle(r = ro*0.85, $fn=fn);
			translate ([-ro,0]) square ([2*ro,ro], center=false);
			translate ([-ro,-2*ro]) square ([ro,2*ro], center=false);
		}

		translate ([0,0]) circle( r = e, $fn=fn);
		translate ([a,0]) circle( r = e, $fn=fn);
		translate ([0,-b]) circle( r = e, $fn=fn);
	}
}

```