[User]
Okay, I'm looking to create a parametric wine glass holder in OpenSCAD. I have a design in mind, and I'd like to be able to easily adjust its dimensions and features. Here's what I'm going for:

**Overall Shape:**

The holder consists of a main body that's essentially a rectangular prism with a specific profile along its length and has legs on the bottom for mounting.

**Key Dimensions (that I want to be parametric):**

*   `wgh_length`: Overall length of the main body.
*   `wgh_width`: Width of the main body at the base.
*   `wgh_height`: Height of the main body.
*   `wgh_front_height`: The height of the front lip of the main body. This will create a more complicated profile than a simple rectangle
*   `leg_length`: Length of each leg.
*   `leg_width`: Width of each leg.
*   `leg_height`: Height of each leg.
*   `cut_out_width`: Width of the cutouts.
*  `air_hole_gap`: Spacing between the air holes and edge
*   `air_hole_width`: Width of the air holes.

**Features:**

1.  **Main Body:**  As a combination of the rectangular prism with leg dimensions (on its bottom) and the profile described by `wgh_width`, `wgh_height` and `wgh_front_height`.
2.  **Mounting Legs:** The base has legs at each end and the center to be mounted.
3. **Screw Holes**: There should be screw holes centered in each of the legs.
4.  **Bevels:** There should be beveled edges on the sides of the top face of the main body, specifically at the location of the legs.
5.  **Cutouts:** There are cutouts along the length of the main body which are evenly spaced around the center point, specifically two cutouts.
6. **Air Holes:** There should be air holes along the base evenly spaced around the center point, specifically four air holes. These holes cut through the leg bases.

**Parametric Considerations:**

*   I need to be able to adjust all the key dimensions listed above.
*   The positions of the legs, cutouts, and air holes should be based on the overall `wgh_length` so if I change the length the parts stay relatively correctly aligned.

**Libraries**
I have already implemented this using a user library for build plate selection using the provided code:

```
use <utils/build_plate.scad>
```

So I do not require additional help on the build plate integration.

**Desired Output:**

I need a single OpenSCAD file that generates the wine glass holder based on the parameters. The design should have well-defined modules for each feature (base, leg, cutout, air hole, bevel, etc.) to keep things organized. I would appreciate comments explaining each section of code.

Can you help me generate this OpenSCAD code?

[Assistant]
wineglass_holder.scad:
```
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//	Filename:		WineGlass_Holder.scad
//	Author:			Robert H. Morrison
//	Thingiverse:	http://www.thingiverse.com/rhmorrison/designs
//	Date:			July 2nd, 2013
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------
//	Based on:		http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:109326
//	Created by:		http://www.thingiverse.com/daMaker/designs
//----------------------------------------------------------------------------

wgh_length = 169.78;
wgh_width  =  29.87;
wgh_height =   8.96;

wgh_front_height = 3;

leg_length = 13;
leg_width  = 14.94;
leg_height = 11.95;

cut_out_width  = 16.66;

air_hole_gap = 10;
air_hole_width  = 20.35;

use <utils/build_plate.scad>

/* [Build Plate] */

//: for display only, doesn't contribute to final object
build_plate_selector = 3; //[0:Replicator 2,1: Replicator,2:Thingomatic,3:Manual]
//: when Build Plate Selector is set to "manual" this controls the build plate x dimension
build_plate_manual_x = 200; //[100:400]
//: when Build Plate Selector is set to "manual" this controls the build plate y dimension
build_plate_manual_y = 200; //[100:400]

build_plate(build_plate_selector,build_plate_manual_x,build_plate_manual_y);

/* [Hidden] */

//---[ C A L C U L A T E D ]--------------------------------------------------

wgh_leg_height = wgh_height + 2.99;
cut_out_length  = ( wgh_length - 3 * leg_length ) / 2;
air_hole_length = ( wgh_length - 5 * air_hole_gap ) / 4;

module base()
{
	color ("blue")
	{
		union()
		{
			translate([-wgh_length/2,-0.001,0])
				cube([wgh_length,leg_width,leg_height], false);

			rotate([90,0,-90])
				linear_extrude(height = wgh_length, center = true, convexity = 10)
					polygon([[0,0],[wgh_width,0],[wgh_width,wgh_front_height],[0,wgh_height]],
						convexity = 10);
		}
	}
}

module bevel(x)
{
	color("magenta")
	{
		translate([x, leg_width/2, 2.998/2])
			cylinder(r1 = 7.08/2, r2 = 2.04, h = 3, center = true, $fn=31);
	}
}

module screw_hole(x)
{
	color("magenta")
	{
		translate([x,leg_width/2,(leg_height+2)/2])
			cylinder(r = 2.04, h = leg_height+2, center = true, $fn=19);
	}
}

module cut_out(x)
{
	color("red")
	{
		translate([x-cut_out_length/2,-0.001,-0.5])
			cube([cut_out_length,cut_out_width+1,leg_height+1], false);
	}
}

module air_hole(x)
{
	color("green")
	{
		translate([x-air_hole_length/2,-0.001-(air_hole_width+wgh_width)/2,-0.5])
			cube([air_hole_length,air_hole_width,leg_height+1], false);
	}
}

module wineglass_holder()
{
	difference()
	{
		base();

		for(xsh=[(leg_width-wgh_length)/2,0,(wgh_length-leg_width)/2])
			screw_hole(xsh);

		for(xb=[(leg_width-wgh_length)/2,0,(wgh_length-leg_width)/2])
			bevel(xb);

		for (xcu=[-(cut_out_length+leg_length)/2,(cut_out_length+leg_length)/2])
			cut_out(xcu);

		for (iah=[  -(air_hole_length+air_hole_gap)*3/2,
					-(air_hole_length+air_hole_gap)/2,
					 (air_hole_length+air_hole_gap)/2,
					 (air_hole_length+air_hole_gap)*3/2
				 ]
			)
			air_hole(iah);
	}
}

wineglass_holder();

```


[User]
Okay, I need a custom screen generator, kind of like the one described, but with a few enhancements and a more robust interface. I want to be able to specify the basic shape of the hole, and then generate a screen that fits snugly inside it. The original design has a good start, but it's not quite flexible enough for my needs.

Here's what I need:

**Hole Geometry:**

*   **Shape:** I want the same basic shape options as the original (Triangle, Square, Pentagon, Hexagon, Octagon, Rough Circle, Smooth Circle), plus a few more:
    *   **Rectangle:** (with independent width and height)
    *   **Ellipse:** (with independent major and minor axis diameters)
    *   **Rounded Rectangle**: (with corner radius)
*   **Dimensions:**
    *   Instead of just 'diameter', I need to define dimensions appropriate for the shape:
        *   For circles and ellipses: major and minor diameters (or radii).
        *   For rectangles: width and height.
        *   For polygons (triangle, square, pentagon etc.): I like the current diameter approach (diameter of the circumscribing circle), but I also want to specify the 'size' using side length, in case its needed.
        *   For rounded rectangles: width, height, and corner radius.
    *   **Depth:** Hole depth as in the original.
*   **Frame:**
    *   **Frame Thickness:** As in the original.
    *   **Border Size:** As in the original, but only applicable to flush designs.
    *   **Recessed/Flush:** As in the original.
*   **Option to add additional Frame Detail:**
    *   Allow for adding a small 'lip' or 'ledge' on the *inside* of the hole, extending into the hole. This will allow for better fitting and prevent accidental push-through of the screen. The lip should have options for:
         *   **Lip width**
         *   **Lip Height**

**Screen Mesh:**

*   **Mesh Spacing:** As in the original.
*   **Mesh Thickness:** As in the original, but I want to specify this as a multiple of the printer's layer height, rather than an absolute thickness.
*   **Mesh Thread Width:** As in the original, also as a multiple of the printer's extrusion width.
*   **Mesh Placement:** This one is important.
    *   I want an option for 'centered' (original design)
    *   I want the screen to be adjustable along the z axis (distance from the bottom of the hole) so that I can position the screen within the hole.

**Slicer Parameters:**

*   **Printer Layer Height:** As in the original.
*   **Printer Skin Size:** As in the original.
*   **Printer Extrusion Width:** As in the original.

**Additional Features:**

*   **Nubs:** I like the nubs idea for circular holes, but I also want an option to add nubs to *any* shape, positioned at strategic points (e.g. midpoints of edges for squares, or corners of triangles) or have the option to specify number of nubs and an angular offset (for even spacing).
*   **Parametric:**  It should be fully parametric, so that changes to any parameter automatically update the model.

**Output:**

*   I'd like the OpenSCAD file to generate the screen and the hole as separate objects.

**Libraries:**

I expect this to be a more complex model so please use BOSL2 for any more advanced operations, especially if you need to do any more complex geometry or math. It would probably be easier to use the functions in BOSL2 than to implement them directly.

Essentially, I'm looking for a more flexible, robust, and user-friendly version of the provided screen generator. I need to be able to fine-tune the design to fit a variety of hole shapes and sizes with a high degree of control. Let me know if you need more clarification on any of the features I've requested.

[Assistant]
CustomScreenV1.scad:
```
// Custom Screen to fill a hole (c) 2013 David Smith
// licensed under the Creative Commons - GNU GPL license.
// http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:112117

/* [Hole] */

// Hole Shape
shape= 16; // [ 3:Triangle, 4:Square, 5:Pentagon, 6:Hexagon, 8:Octagon, 16:Rough Circle, 128:Smooth Circle ]

// Diameter of a circle connecting all the points definiting your hole's shape (mm).
diameter = 100;

// Hole depth (mm)
depth = 10 ;

// Width of the screen's frame (mm).
frame_thickness = 1.2;

// Size of the border (mm). Only 'flush' screens have borders.
border_size = 2.4;

/* [Screen] */

// Spacing between mesh threads (mm).
mesh_space=3;

// Thickness of the screen (mm). It should be a multiple of your slicer's layer height for best results.
mesh_height=2.5;

// Screen is flush to the surface or recessed.
indention = 0; // [0:Recessed, 1:Flush]

/* [Slicer] */

// The thickness of your slices (mm). Screen threads are a multiple of this for their height.
printer_layer_height = 0.25;

// The shell or skin size of your slicer (mm) .
printer_skin_size =    0.6;

// The width of your extruded filament (mm). Screen threads are a multiple of this for their width.
printer_extrusion_width = 0.5;

/* [Hidden] */

smooth = shape;

custom_shape_screen();

module custom_shape_screen() {
union() {
	difference() {
		union() {
			cylinder(h=depth, r=diameter/2, $fn=smooth);

			if (indention == 1)
				// Brim if screen is flush and at the bottom
				cylinder(h=frame_thickness, r=(border_size + diameter/2), $fn=smooth);
			else
				// OR add a small brim on the bottom side (that prints on top)
				translate([0,0,depth])
				cylinder(h=printer_skin_size, r=(printer_extrusion_width + diameter/2), $fn=smooth);
		}

		translate([0,0,-1])
		cylinder(h=depth+3, r=(diameter/2)-frame_thickness, $fn=smooth);
	}

	meshscreen_shape(h=mesh_height,
				mesh_w=printer_extrusion_width,
				mesh_space=mesh_space,
				width=diameter,
				layer_h=printer_layer_height);

	// Make little nubs on the sides to tighten the fit a little (but only for circles).
	if (smooth > 8)
	for (i = [0:3]) {
		rotate(90*i,[0,0,1])
		translate([(diameter/2),0,depth/2])
		cube(size=[1,1,depth],center=true);
	}
}
}

module meshscreen_shape(h=2,mesh_w=1,mesh_space=2,width=60,layer_h){
	intersection(){
		cylinder(r=width/2,h,$fn=smooth);
		mesh_raw(h=h,mesh_w=mesh_w,mesh_space=mesh_space,width=width,layer_height=layer_h);
	}
	difference(){
		cylinder(r=width/2,h, $fn=smooth);
		translate([0,0,-h*0.05]) cylinder(r=width/2-0,h=h*1.1, $fn=smooth);
	}
}

module mesh_raw(h=2,mesh_w=1,mesh_space=2,width=50,layer_height){
	for ( j = [0 :(mesh_w+mesh_space): width] )
	{
	   	translate([0,0,0.01])translate([-width/2+j, 0, h/4])cube([mesh_w,width,h/2-layer_height/10],center=true);
		translate([0,0,h/2])translate([0, -width/2+j, h/4])cube([width,mesh_w,h/2],center=true);
	}
}
```


[User]
Okay, I'm looking to create a replacement stake for my solar garden lights. I've got a broken one here, and I'd like a parametric OpenSCAD design so I can adjust it if needed.

Basically, the stake has two main parts: a pointy base that goes into the ground and a top section that holds the light.

The pointy base is essentially four triangular fins meeting in the center, forming a tapered point, but with a bit of the tip cut off to make it blunt. I'd like to be able to control the following:

*   **`point_height`**: the overall length of the pointy part.
*   **`point_top_radius`**: the radius of the top of the pointy part where it meets the other section.
*   **`point_tip_cutoff`**: how much of the tip is chopped off to make it blunt.
*   **`point_thickness`**: the thickness of the triangular fins making up the point.

Above the pointy part there's a thin, circular section connecting the point to the top part. I need the following parameter:

*   **`cap_divider_thickness`**: The thickness of this divider circle.

The top section is a bit more complex. It has a sort of "+"-shaped extrusion with rounded ends, and then a circular section further up. The circular section is offset from the top of the "+" section. I'd like to control the following parameters:

*   **`cap_riser_height`**: The total height of the top section.
*   **`cap_riser_width`**: The overall diameter of the "+" shape.
*   **`cap_riser_thickness`**: The thickness of the arms of the "+" shape.
*  **`cap_circle_offset`**: how far down from the very top of the `cap_riser_height` the circular section should be positioned.

So basically, I need a parametric OpenSCAD file that generates this stake. I need each of those parameters adjustable in the code and I'd prefer if you didn't use any external libraries.

[Assistant]
light_stake.scad:
```
// how tall to make the top section
cap_riser_height = 16;
// the diameter of the top section
cap_riser_width = 17;
// how thick the top section's straight sections are (the + section)
cap_riser_thickness = 2;
// how far from the top to put the circular section of the top
cap_circle_offset = 9;

// how thick to make the circle dividing the point from the cap
cap_divider_thickness = 2;

// length of the stake's point
point_height = 95;
// radius of the top section of the stake
point_top_radius = 15;
// how much of the stake to cutoff, making it have a blunt edge
point_tip_cutoff = 5;
// how thick the stake's sections should be
point_thickness = 2;

/*****************
 The bottom pointy part
 */

module stake_edge(height, top_radius, tip_cutoff=10, thickness=2) {
  rotate([0, 90, 0])
    linear_extrude(height=thickness, center=true)
    difference() {
      // triangle
      polygon(points = [[0, 0], [0, top_radius], [height, 0]],
              paths=[[0, 1, 2]]);
    // the square for cutting off the tip
    translate([height - tip_cutoff, 0, 0]) {
      square([tip_cutoff, top_radius * 2]);
    }
  }
}

// all arguments expected to be in the same base syste
// final_radius should be about 5 (.5cm)
module stake_point(height, top_radius, tip_cutoff=10, thickness=2) {
  union() {
    stake_edge(height, top_radius, tip_cutoff, thickness);
    rotate(90) stake_edge(height, top_radius, tip_cutoff, thickness);
    rotate(180) stake_edge(height, top_radius, tip_cutoff, thickness);
    rotate(270) stake_edge(height, top_radius, tip_cutoff, thickness);
  }
}

module circle_at_top_of_point(radius, thickness) {
  linear_extrude(height=thickness)
    circle(r=radius);
}

/*****************
 The top section that the light goes on
 */

module cap_x_unrounded(width, thickness) {
    union() {
      translate([-width / 2.0, -thickness / 2.0])
        square([width, thickness], center=false);
      rotate([0, 0, 90])
        translate([-width / 2.0, -thickness / 2.0])
          square([width, thickness], center=false);
    }
}

module cap_x(riser_height, riser_width, riser_thickness) {
  linear_extrude(height=riser_height)
  // make a + but rounded off
  intersection() {
    cap_x_unrounded(riser_width, riser_thickness);
    circle(r=riser_width / 2.0);
  }
}

module cap_middle_circle(radius, thickness) {
  linear_extrude(height=thickness, center=false) circle(r=radius);
}

module cap_riser(riser_height, riser_width, cap_circle_offset, riser_thickness) {
  union() {
    cap_x(riser_height, riser_width, riser_thickness);
    translate([0, 0, riser_height - cap_circle_offset])
      cap_middle_circle(riser_width / 2.0, riser_thickness);
  }
}

module stake(point_height,
  point_top_radius,
  point_tip_cutoff,
  point_thickness,
  cap_divider_thickness,
  cap_riser_height,
  cap_riser_width,
  cap_riser_thickness,
  cap_circle_offset) {

  union() {
    stake_point(point_height, point_top_radius, point_tip_cutoff, point_thickness);
    circle_at_top_of_point(point_top_radius, cap_divider_thickness);

    translate([0, 0, cap_divider_thickness])
      cap_riser(cap_riser_height, cap_riser_width, cap_circle_offset, cap_riser_thickness);
  }
}

stake(point_height,
  point_top_radius,
  point_tip_cutoff,
  point_thickness,
  cap_divider_thickness,
  cap_riser_height,
  cap_riser_width,
  cap_riser_thickness,
  cap_circle_offset
);
```


[User]
Okay, I'd like to design a generalized sphericon in OpenSCAD, but I need some help making it parametric. I've got a basic model working, but it's not as flexible as I'd like.

Here's what I'm aiming for:

**Core Sphericon Parameters:**

*   **`sphericon_order`**: This should be an integer, defining the "order" of the sphericon. A value of 2 creates the classic, square-based sphericon, 3 would be based on a hexagon, 4 an octagon, and so on. I'd like to support orders from 2 to at least 15.
*   **`sphericon_diameter`**: This is the overall diameter of the sphericon, a floating-point number, allowing me to control the size. I'd want to be able to range this from 20mm to 100mm, maybe even higher.
*   **`full_sphericon`**: A boolean flag ("yes" or "no") to determine if it is a complete sphericon or only one half. When set to "yes", two halves should be joined with a rotational offset.
*   **`sphericon_angular_offset`**: This is an integer from 1 to `sphericon_order`, used to rotate the second half of the sphericon (if `full_sphericon` is "yes"). It controls the angular offset between the two halves, expressed in terms of number of angular segments/division. It should default to 1 if not specified.

**Pin Features:**

*   **`pin_height`**:  The height of the pin feature. This would be a floating-point number. I would start at 6mm
*   **`pin_diameter`**: The diameter of the pin feature. This would be a floating-point number, 1.7mm would be a good start.
*   The pins should be placed around the perimeter of the sphericon on both sides. The quantity of pins should depend on the `sphericon_order` and the pins should be spaced at equal angular intervals.

**Other Requirements:**

*   The internal faces of the sphericon need to be removed, as per the provided code.
*   The model needs to use `$fn` so the user can control facet resolution.

**Existing SCAD Code:**
I've attached the code that already works as a starting point. It has some internal comments and unused experimental variables, so please clean this up where it makes sense. I'm not committed to keeping any parts of the code if you think there is a better approach.

**Libraries:**

I don't need any additional libraries for this.

**Output:**

I'd like a single, parametric OpenSCAD file as the final output.

Essentially, I'm looking for a much more robust and parameterized version of my initial attempt. The design should be clean and easily understandable. Could you help me with that?

[Assistant]
sphericon.scad:
```
sphericon_order = 2; //[2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15]
sphericon_diameter = 50.0; // [20.0:100.0]
full_sphericon = "no";// [yes,no]
sphericon_angular_offset = 1; //[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15]

pin_height = 6;
pin_diameter = 1.7 ;

//pr = 0.5;

$fn = 64;

angle = 180/sphericon_order;
radius = sphericon_diameter/2;
pin_radius = pin_diameter /2;

module half_sphericon(side)  // side : 1 ==> top,  0 ==> bottom
{
	difference(){
	rotate([90,0,0])
	union(){
		for (i = [0:sphericon_order-1]) {
			translate([0, 0, sin((i)*angle-90)*1*radius ])
			cylinder(h = (sin((i+1)*angle-90)- sin(i*angle-90))*radius, r1 = cos(i*angle-90)*radius, r2 = cos((i+1)*angle-90)*radius, center = false);
		}

			/* translate ([0,0,radius])sphere(r=pr);
			translate ([0,0,-radius])sphere(r=pr);
			for ( i = [1 : sphericon_order-1] )
			{
				rotate_extrude()rotate([90,0,0])  translate ([ cos(i*angle-90)*radius,sin(i*angle-90)*radius, 0])cercle(r = pr);
			} */
	}
	translate([-radius,-radius,-radius*side]) cube ([2*radius,2*radius,radius]);
}
}

difference()
{
union() {
	half_sphericon(1); // 1rst half sphericon
	if (full_sphericon == "yes") //2nd half sphericon
		{
			rotate ([0,0,sphericon_angular_offset*angle])
			half_sphericon(0);
		}
	}

//drilling the pins holes
for (i = [0:2*(sphericon_order-1)+1]) {
	translate([0.75*radius*cos((i+(sphericon_order - 2*floor(sphericon_order/2))/2)*angle),0.75*radius*sin((i+(sphericon_order - 2*floor(sphericon_order/2))/2)*angle),-pin_height/2]) cylinder(h=pin_height,r=pin_radius, center = false);
}

//suppression of the internal sphere
sphere (r = 0.6*radius);
}
```


[User]
Okay, I need a bottle holder that can attach to a pole, like the handle of a lawnmower. It needs to be adjustable since pole diameters vary. Here are the specifics:

**Bottle Holder:**

*   The main part should be a ring to hold the bottle.
*   I'd like to be able to specify the diameter of the bottle, and have a little wiggle room. Let's make that a parameter called `bottle_diam`.
*   The height of the ring should also be adjustable, so I want a parameter called `holder_height`.
*   The thickness of the ring should also be adjustable, so let's make that `holder_thick`.
*   I might want a lip at the bottom to hold the bottle more securely, so I'd like to be able to specify the thickness of the bottom (`holder_bottom_thick`) and the width of the lip (`holder_bottom_lip`). If I don't want one of these, it should be able to be 0.

**Pole Mount:**

*   This part will need to clamp onto the pole.
*   I need a way to specify the diameter of the pole with `mount_diam`.
*   The height of this part should match the bottle holder part (`mount_height` will be equal to `holder_height`).
*   The thickness should be a parameter: `mount_thick`.
*   There will need to be a wing coming off this with bolt holes.
*   The width of this wing should be adjustable with `bracket_width`.
*   The thickness of this wing should be a parameter: `bracket_thick`.
*   To help grip the pole, let's add an offset where it grips so I want a `bracket_offset`
*   I also need an offset from the edge for the center of the bolt hole which should be a parameter: `bolt_offset`.
*   The diameter of the bolt itself is needed so I can fit the right size bolt and should be a parameter called `bolt_diam`.
*   The diameter of a washer for the bolt, should be a parameter called `washer_diam`.
*   I'd like to have the option of little helper "feet" on the bottom to make it easier to print. This should be controlled by a variable called `generate_holddown` which can be 0 for no or 1 for yes.

I'd like all of these to be adjustable parameters. Could you generate an OpenSCAD file for this design? I'd also like it to use the built-in OpenSCAD libraries.

[Assistant]
bottle_mount.scad:
```

/* [Bottle] */

// diameter of bottle to be held (plus any extra spacing)
bottle_diam = 67.5;

// height of bottle holder
holder_height = 12;

// thickness of bottle holder
holder_thick = 3;

// thickness of holder bottom (0 for none)
holder_bottom_thick = 1;

// width of holder bottom lip (0 for none)
holder_bottom_lip = 5;

/* [Mount] */

// diameter of pole to be mounted to
mount_diam = 26.2;

// height of mount
mount_height = holder_height;

// thickness of mount
mount_thick = 3.5;

// width of wing for bolt
bracket_width = 13;

// thickness of wing
bracket_thick = 3.5;

// cut offset of wing to improve pole grip
bracket_offset = 1;

// offset from wing edge for bolt center
bolt_offset = 5.7;

// diameter of bolt
bolt_diam = 3.1;

// diameter of bolt washer
washer_diam = 9.8;

/* [Helpers] */

// generate build-platform corner helpers?
generate_holddown = 1; // [0:no, 1:yes]

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

bottle_rad = bottle_diam/2;
mount_rad = mount_diam/2;
bolt_rad = bolt_diam/2;
washer_rad = washer_diam/2;

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

holder();

translate([0, bottle_rad+max(holder_thick,mount_thick)+mount_rad, 0])
{
    mount();

    translate([0, mount_thick-bracket_offset, 0])
    rotate([0, 0, 180])
    mount();
}

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

module holder()
{
    // base shape
    difference()
    {
        // outer ring
        cylinder(r=bottle_rad+holder_thick, h=holder_height, center=true);

        // cut out bottle
        cylinder(r=bottle_rad, h=holder_height+0.1, center=true);
    }

    // something to rest the bottle against?
    if(holder_bottom_thick > 0 && holder_bottom_lip > 0)
    {
        translate([0, 0, (holder_bottom_thick-holder_height)/2])
        difference()
        {
            cylinder(r=bottle_rad+0.1, h=holder_bottom_thick, center=true);

            cylinder(r=bottle_rad-holder_bottom_lip, h=holder_bottom_thick+0.1, center=true);
        }
    }
}

module mount()
{
    wing_off = mount_rad+bracket_width;
    holddown = 0.2;

    difference()
    {
        // base shape
        union()
        {
            // outer ring
            cylinder(r=mount_rad+mount_thick, h=mount_height, center=true);

            // wing
            translate([0, -bracket_thick/2-bracket_offset, 0])
            cube([mount_diam+bracket_width*2, bracket_thick, mount_height], center=true);
        }

        // cut out the pole
        cylinder(r=mount_rad, h=mount_height+0.1, center=true);

        // crop the wing/ring to inset that we selected
        translate([0, mount_diam-bracket_offset, 0])
        cube(mount_diam*2, center=true);

        // cut out two bolt holes
        for(i=[-1, 1])
        translate([i*(wing_off-bolt_offset), -bracket_thick/2-bracket_offset, 0])
        {
            // bolt itself
            rotate([90, 90, 0])
            cylinder(r=bolt_rad, h=bracket_thick*2, center=true);

            // cut into wall to fit washer
            translate([0, -bracket_thick, 0])
            rotate([90, 90, 0])
            cylinder(r=washer_rad, h=bracket_thick, center=true, $fn=12);
        }
    }

    // build platform helper?
    if(generate_holddown)
    {
        for(i=[-1, 1])
        translate([i*(wing_off), -bracket_thick/2-bracket_offset, -mount_height/2+holddown/2])
        cylinder(r=bracket_thick, h=holddown, center=true);
    }
}

```


[User]
Okay, I'd like to create a customizable atom model based on the Bohr model, similar to the one described on Thingiverse, but I'd like a few more options for customization, and I would like it to generate a model that's a bit more robust for 3D printing.

Here's the basic idea: I want to define the number of electrons for the atom, and it should generate a series of concentric rings representing the electron shells.  The rings should have electrons distributed around them, like in the provided model. I'd like the following parameters to be customizable:

**Basic Atom Parameters:**

*   **`number_of_electrons`**: An integer that determines the total number of electrons in the atom. This should affect how many rings are generated and how many electrons are on each ring, using the basic rule of 2, 8, 18, 32, 50, 72, 98 for each successive shell.
*   **`ring_width`**:  The radial thickness of each electron ring.
*   **`ring_spacing`**: The space between the electron rings.
*   **`ring_height`**: The height of the innermost ring.
*   **`center_radius`**: The radius of the central hole of the model. This will likely need to be large enough to allow a pin to pass through, but should be adjustable.

**Advanced Parameters:**

*   **`mesh_resolution`**: The number of facets to use in curves - the `$fn` parameter.
*   **`ring_height_step`**: How much the ring height increases for each subsequent ring.
*   **`pin_radius`**: The radius of a pin that connects the rings.
*   **`pin_cap_width`**:  The radial width of the material covering the pin hole.
*   **`pin_cap_gap`**: The space between the pin and the wall of the hole.
*   **`pin_hole_radius`**:  The radius of the pin holes on each ring.

**Build Plate Parameters:**

I'd like it to include the `build_plate.scad` library for defining the build plate dimensions so it's easier to work with various 3D printers. This means I'd like to have these parameters:

*   **`Build_Plate_Type`**: An integer to select a printer type (Replicator 2, Replicator, Thingomatic, Manual).
*   **`Build_Plate_Manual_Width`**: The width of the build plate when "Manual" is selected.
*   **`Build_Plate_Manual_Length`**: The length of the build plate when "Manual" is selected.

**New Functionality and Changes:**

*   **Robust Pins:** The current model uses a cylinder for the pins. I'd like a more robust pin design that includes a slightly larger base on the pin. In the provided code, the pins are not robust enough for printing.  I'd like the pin end to have more structure. Also, could we add small chamfers to the top and bottom edges of the rings where they meet? This would look more polished and make it more robust for 3D printing.
*   **Electron Spheres**:  I'd like to ensure the electron spheres are not cut off by the top and bottom faces of the rings. In the current design, they are centered at a specific height, which is an issue as rings get taller. I'd like to make sure the electrons remain on the surface of the rings.
*   **Pin Alignment:** Make sure the pin hole is on the bottom edge of the ring, so the pin sits on the upper edge of the next inner ring.
* **Properly Center:** Instead of translating only by half the height, the object should be centered on the z plane by using the full height of the atom, not just the first ring.

In terms of what's different from the provided example, I’d like those pin enhancements, electron placement, and the chamfering/centering and other printing related changes. I do _not_ need the specific code for `build_plate.scad` included; please assume the library exists as described.

Could you generate a parametric OpenSCAD file for this?

[Assistant]
Customizalbe_Atom.scad:
```
/* [Atom] */

// The number of electrons
number_of_electrons=79; // [1:120]

// The width of each ring
ring_width=5; // [3:20]

// The space between each ring
ring_spacing=2; // [.5:8]

// The Height of the center ring
ring_height=6; // [6:100]

// The radius of the center hole
center_radius=6; // [1:50]

Build_Plate_Type = 0; //[0:Replicator 2,1: Replicator,2:Thingomatic,3:Manual]
Build_Plate_Manual_Width = 100; //[100:400]
Build_Plate_Manual_Length = 100; //[100:400]

/* [Advanced] */

// The mesh resolution
mesh_resolution=70; // [20:120]

// The ring to ring height increase
ring_height_step=.5;

// The radius of a pin
pin_radius=2.45;

// The width of material covering the pin hole
pin_cap_width=4;

// The pin end to hole wall width
pin_cap_gap=.45;

// radius of the pin holes
pin_hole_radius=3;

use <utils/build_plate.scad>

/* [Hidden] */

$fn=mesh_resolution; // mesh resolution

build_plate(Build_Plate_Type,Build_Plate_Manual_Width,Build_Plate_Manual_Length);

max_electrons_on_ring1=2;
max_electrons_on_ring2=8;
max_electrons_on_ring3=18;
max_electrons_on_ring4=32;
max_electrons_on_ring5=50;
max_electrons_on_ring6=72;
max_electrons_on_ring7=98;

electrons_on_ring1=(min(max_electrons_on_ring1,number_of_electrons));
remaining_electrons_after_ring1=number_of_electrons-electrons_on_ring1;

electrons_on_ring2=(min(max_electrons_on_ring2,remaining_electrons_after_ring1));
remaining_electrons_after_ring2=remaining_electrons_after_ring1-electrons_on_ring2;

electrons_on_ring3=(min(max_electrons_on_ring3,remaining_electrons_after_ring2));
remaining_electrons_after_ring3=remaining_electrons_after_ring2-electrons_on_ring3;

electrons_on_ring4=(min(max_electrons_on_ring4,remaining_electrons_after_ring3));
remaining_electrons_after_ring4=remaining_electrons_after_ring3-electrons_on_ring4;

electrons_on_ring5=(min(max_electrons_on_ring5,remaining_electrons_after_ring4));
remaining_electrons_after_ring5=remaining_electrons_after_ring4-electrons_on_ring5;

electrons_on_ring6=(min(max_electrons_on_ring6,remaining_electrons_after_ring5));
remaining_electrons_after_ring6=remaining_electrons_after_ring5-electrons_on_ring6;

electrons_on_ring7=(min(max_electrons_on_ring7,remaining_electrons_after_ring6));
number_of_remaining_electrons=remaining_electrons_after_ring6-electrons_on_ring7;

number_of_rings=sign(electrons_on_ring1)+sign(electrons_on_ring2)+sign(electrons_on_ring3)+sign(electrons_on_ring4)+sign(electrons_on_ring5)+sign(electrons_on_ring6)+sign(electrons_on_ring7);

//debug
echo(number_of_rings);

//debug
echo(remaining_electrons_after_ring1, remaining_electrons_after_ring2, remaining_electrons_after_ring3, remaining_electrons_after_ring4, remaining_electrons_after_ring5, remaining_electrons_after_ring6);
echo(electrons_on_ring1, electrons_on_ring2, electrons_on_ring3, electrons_on_ring4, electrons_on_ring5, electrons_on_ring6, electrons_on_ring7);

// translate everything so that it rests on z=0
// and loop over all rings
translate(v=[0, 0, ring_height*.5]) union()
for (ring = [0 : number_of_rings-1]) assign(
	ir=center_radius+(ring_width+ring_spacing)*ring,
	or=center_radius+(ring_width+ring_spacing)*(ring+1)-ring_spacing,
	odd=(ring%2), even=((ring+1)%2)) {

drwaw_electrons(or, ir, ring_height, ring_height_step, ring, ring_width);

	// translate each new ring so that the pins get printed
	// resting on the next ring's hole wall
	translate(v=[0, 0, ring*ring_height_step*.5]) intersection() {
		difference() {
			difference() {
				union() {
					sphere(r=or, center=true);
					// the last ring does not have protruding pins
					if (ring != number_of_rings-1) rotate(v=[even, odd, 0], a=90)
						cylinder(r=pin_radius,
					   	h=(or*2-ir+ring_spacing)*2-(pin_cap_width+pin_cap_gap),
							center=true);

				}
				// the inner-most ring does not have pin holes
				if (ring==0) cylinder(r=center_radius, h=50, center=true);
				else union() {
					sphere(r=ir, center=true);
					rotate(v=[odd, even, 0], a=90)
						cylinder(r=pin_hole_radius, h=or*2-pin_cap_width, center=true);
				}
			}
			if (ring != number_of_rings-1)
				rotate(v=[even, odd, 0], a=90)
					rotate(v=[0,0,1], a=45)
						cube(size=[pin_radius, pin_radius,
                       (or+ring_width+ring_spacing)*2],
                       center=true);
		}

		// make each ring thicker than the last so that the
        // pin is still centered even though it is printed
		// resting on the next ring's hole wall
		cube(size=[(or+ring_width+ring_spacing)*2,
                 (or+ring_width+ring_spacing)*2,
           ring_height+(ring_height_step*ring)],
           center=true);
	}
}

module drwaw_electrons(or, ir, ring_height, ring_height_step, ring, ring_width)
{
echo("Ring ", ring);
echo(ring_height+(ring_height_step*ring));
if (ring==0 && (electrons_on_ring1>0))
for (electron = [1 : electrons_on_ring1])
	rotate(a=360/electrons_on_ring1*electron, v=[0,0,1])
		translate(v=[0.5*(or+ir), 0, 0.5*(ring_height+(2*ring_height_step*ring))])
			difference() {
				sphere(r=(ring_width/2)-0.5, center=true);
				translate(v=[-0.5*ring_width, -0.5*ring_width, -ring_width])cube([ring_width,ring_width,ring_width]);
				}

if (ring==1 && (electrons_on_ring2>0))
for (electron = [1 : electrons_on_ring2])
	rotate(a=360/electrons_on_ring2*electron, v=[0,0,1])
		translate(v=[0.5*(or+ir), 0, 0.5*(ring_height+(2*ring_height_step*ring))])
			difference() {
				sphere(r=(ring_width/2)-0.5, center=true);
				translate(v=[-0.5*ring_width, -0.5*ring_width, -ring_width])cube([ring_width,ring_width,ring_width]);
				}

if (ring==2 && (electrons_on_ring3>0))
for (electron = [1 : electrons_on_ring3])
	rotate(a=360/electrons_on_ring3*electron, v=[0,0,1])
		translate(v=[0.5*(or+ir), 0, 0.5*(ring_height+(2*ring_height_step*ring))])
			difference() {
				sphere(r=(ring_width/2)-0.5, center=true);
				translate(v=[-0.5*ring_width, -0.5*ring_width, -ring_width])cube([ring_width,ring_width,ring_width]);
				}

if (ring==3 && (electrons_on_ring4>0))
for (electron = [1 : electrons_on_ring4])
	rotate(a=360/electrons_on_ring4*electron, v=[0,0,1])
		translate(v=[0.5*(or+ir), 0, 0.5*(ring_height+(2*ring_height_step*ring))])
			difference() {
				sphere(r=(ring_width/2)-0.5, center=true);
				translate(v=[-0.5*ring_width, -0.5*ring_width, -ring_width])cube([ring_width,ring_width,ring_width]);
				}

if (ring==4 && (electrons_on_ring5>0))
for (electron = [1 : electrons_on_ring5])
	rotate(a=360/electrons_on_ring5*electron, v=[0,0,1])
		translate(v=[0.5*(or+ir), 0, 0.5*(ring_height+(2*ring_height_step*ring))])
			difference() {
				sphere(r=(ring_width/2)-0.5, center=true);
				translate(v=[-0.5*ring_width, -0.5*ring_width, -ring_width])cube([ring_width,ring_width,ring_width]);
				}

if (ring==5 && (electrons_on_ring6>0))
for (electron = [1 : electrons_on_ring6])
	rotate(a=360/electrons_on_ring6*electron, v=[0,0,1])
		translate(v=[0.5*(or+ir), 0, 0.5*(ring_height+(2*ring_height_step*ring))])
			difference() {
				sphere(r=(ring_width/2)-0.5, center=true);
				translate(v=[-0.5*ring_width, -0.5*ring_width, -ring_width])cube([ring_width,ring_width,ring_width]);
				}

if (ring==6 && (electrons_on_ring7>0))
	for (electron = [1 : electrons_on_ring7])
	rotate(a=360/electrons_on_ring7*electron, v=[0,0,1])
		translate(v=[0.5*(or+ir), 0, 0.5*(ring_height+(2*ring_height_step*ring))])
			difference() {
				sphere(r=(ring_width/2)-0.5, center=true);
				translate(v=[-0.5*ring_width, -0.5*ring_width, -ring_width])cube([ring_width,ring_width,ring_width]);
				}
}

```


[User]
Okay, I'd like to design a new text block for my Pocket Gutenberg! I really like the existing `pg_text_block.scad`, but I want a bit more control over the layout and some new features.

Here's what I'm thinking:

**Overall Structure:**

*   The core of the design should still be a block (a rectangular prism) like in `pg_text_block.scad`.  The dimensions of this block should be configurable, specifically width, height, and depth. Let's call these parameters `block_width`, `block_height`, and `block_depth`.
*   Instead of a fixed number of lines, I'd like to specify the number of text lines. Let's call this `num_lines`. Each line will contain a string.
*   I want control over the vertical spacing between each text line and the top/bottom edge of the block. Let's use parameters called `line_spacing` and `edge_margin`, respectively.
*   The text itself should be configurable by parameter, as well as its depth, font size/height and the vertical placement of the string (top, center, or bottom). We'll use `text_depth`, `text_height`, and `vertical_align`, respectively. Text strings for each line will be specified in a vector of strings called `text_lines`.
*   There should be a toggleable option to have a border around the face containing the text. The border should have a configurable depth and width, called `border_depth` and `border_width`. Let's call this toggle `has_border`.

**Specific parameters and their intended use:**

*   `block_width`: Width of the overall rectangular block.
*   `block_height`: Height of the overall rectangular block.
*   `block_depth`: Depth of the overall rectangular block.
*   `num_lines`: Integer specifying the number of text lines.
*   `line_spacing`: Vertical spacing between the bottom of one text line and the top of the next.
*   `edge_margin`: Vertical distance between the top of the first text line (and bottom of last line) and the top (and bottom) edge of the block.
*   `text_depth`: The depth of the engraved text.
*   `text_height`: The height of the text.
*   `vertical_align`: A string that can be either "top", "center", or "bottom" to define vertical position of the string.
*   `text_lines`: A vector of strings, where each entry is the text to be displayed on a separate line. The length of this vector should be equal to `num_lines`.
*   `has_border`: Boolean to toggle the border (true/false).
*   `border_depth`: Depth of the border around the text face, when enabled.
*   `border_width`: Width of the border around the text face, when enabled.

**Libraries:**

*   This will need to use the `Write.scad` library from the existing code, since I want text-engraving capabilities.

**Other:**

*   The text should be centered horizontally along the width of the block.
*   The text should be cut into the "front" face of the block (the face with the border).
*   The text should be mirrored so that it can be read directly by the pocket gutenberg printer.

Could you generate the OpenSCAD code for me? I'm excited to see what you come up with!

[Assistant]
pg_text_block.scad:
```
use <write/Write.scad>

/* [Global] */

letter_height = 7;
letter_depth = 2.5;
line_1_text = "Line 1";
line_2_text = "Line 2";
line_3_text = "Line 3";
line_4_text = "Line 4";

/* [Hidden] */

plate_width  = 78;
plate_height = 38;
plate_depth  = 12;
cube([plate_width,plate_height,plate_depth],center=true);

mirror([ 1, 0, 0 ])
{
writecube(line_1_text,
			[0,plate_height/2-letter_height*0-letter_height/2-2,plate_depth/2+letter_depth/2],
			0,
			face="top",
			t=letter_depth,
			h=letter_height);

writecube(line_2_text,
			[0,plate_height/2-letter_height*1-letter_height/2-2,plate_depth/2+letter_depth/2],
			0,
			face="top",
			t=letter_depth,
			h=letter_height);

writecube(line_3_text,
			[0,plate_height/2-letter_height*2-letter_height/2-2,plate_depth/2+letter_depth/2],
			0,
			face="top",
			t=letter_depth,
			h=letter_height);

writecube(line_4_text,
			[0,plate_height/2-letter_height*3-letter_height/2-2,plate_depth/2+letter_depth/2],
			0,
			face="top",
			t=letter_depth,
			h=letter_height);
}
```


[User]
Okay, I'd like to design a customizable model of an atom, and I'm looking for a parametric OpenSCAD file to achieve this. I need to be able to control the following:

*   **Number of Rings:** I need to be able to specify how many electron rings there are around the nucleus (between 1 and 7 rings should be sufficient).
*   **Electrons per Ring:** I need to be able to specify the number of electrons on *each individual ring*. So, for ring 1, I might have 2 electrons, and for ring 2, maybe 8, and so on. The number of electrons per ring will vary, and each ring should be independently controllable within reasonable limits (e.g. up to 2 for ring 1, 8 for ring 2, 18 for ring 3, 32 for ring 4, 50 for ring 5, 72 for ring 6, and 98 for ring 7). I also want to be able to set the number of electrons on rings beyond the ones used (e.g. if I select 3 rings but define the numbers for rings up to 5, that works - it just won't use ring 4 and 5).
*   **Total Number of Electrons:** I also want to be able to specify a total number of electrons that the model should account for overall, for ease of use, within a reasonable upper limit like 120.
*   **Ring Width:** I need to control the width/thickness of each electron ring, a good range is probably between 3 and 20.
*   **Ring Spacing:** I need to control the space between each ring, a good range is probably between 0.5 and 8.
*   **Center Ring Height:** I need to be able to adjust the height of the center ring (which visually will be the top and bottom height of the innermost ring); a range between 6 and 100 should be good.
*   **Center Hole Radius:** I want to define the radius of a hole through the center of the atom, which should be between 1 and 50.
*   **Build Plate Type:** I'd like a build plate helper from utils/build\_plate.scad, so it can be placed easily in a slicer. I need to be able to chose between Replicator 2, Replicator, Thingomatic, and Manual.
*   **Manual Build Plate Size:** If manual build plate is chosen, I need to control both width and length, with a range between 100 and 400 for each.

**Advanced Customization:**

*   **Mesh Resolution:** I'd like to be able to adjust the mesh resolution (using `$fn`), with a suitable range like 20 to 120.
*  **Ring Height Step:**  I'd like to have the ability to define a small step that is added to the height of each ring.
*   **Pin Parameters:** Each ring will be connected with "pins," I need to control the radius of the pins, which should be about 2.45. I need to control the width of material covering the pin hole (pin cap), which should be about 4. I need to control the pin-to-hole-wall gap, which should be about 0.45. And I need to define the radius of the pin holes, which should be about 3.

The design should make each ring as a torus (or a partial sphere) to allow the "pins" to slot into the subsequent rings. These pins need to be rotated on alternating rings to properly assemble the model.  The electrons on each ring should be represented by small spheres (with the ability to slightly "cut" into the underlying ring) placed along the ring's center, and the rings should increase in height by the ring\_height\_step setting for each ring. The rings should be built from the center outwards.

Please make sure the design uses the `utils/build_plate.scad` library, as noted above. I don't have this file, so please assume I can provide it or that it will be available to OpenSCAD.

[Assistant]
Customizalbe_Atom_more_control.scad:
```
/* [Atom - customize every single ring] */

// The number of rings
number_of_rings=5; // [1:7]

// The number of electrons on ring 1
number_of_electrons_on_ring1=2; // [1:2]

// The number of electrons on ring 2
number_of_electrons_on_ring2=8; // [1:8]

// The number of electrons on ring 3
number_of_electrons_on_ring3=18; // [1:18]

// The number of electrons on ring 4
number_of_electrons_on_ring4=32; // [1:32]

// The number of electrons on ring 5
number_of_electrons_on_ring5=19; // [1:50]

// The number of electrons on ring 6
number_of_electrons_on_ring6=0; // [1:72]

// The number of electrons on ring 7
number_of_electrons_on_ring7=0; // [1:98]

// The number of electrons
number_of_electrons=79; // [1:120]

// The width of each ring
ring_width=5; // [3:20]

// The space between each ring
ring_spacing=2; // [.5:8]

// The Height of the center ring
ring_height=6; // [6:100]

// The radius of the center hole
center_radius=6; // [1:50]

Build_Plate_Type = 0; //[0:Replicator 2,1: Replicator,2:Thingomatic,3:Manual]
Build_Plate_Manual_Width = 100; //[100:400]
Build_Plate_Manual_Length = 100; //[100:400]

/* [Advanced] */

// The mesh resolution
mesh_resolution=70; // [20:120]

// The ring to ring height increase
ring_height_step=.5;

// The radius of a pin
pin_radius=2.45;

// The width of material covering the pin hole
pin_cap_width=4;

// The pin end to hole wall width
pin_cap_gap=.45;

// radius of the pin holes
pin_hole_radius=3;

use <utils/build_plate.scad>

/* [Hidden] */

$fn=mesh_resolution; // mesh resolution

build_plate(Build_Plate_Type,Build_Plate_Manual_Width,Build_Plate_Manual_Length);

// translate everything so that it rests on z=0
// and loop over all rings
translate(v=[0, 0, ring_height*.5]) union()
for (ring = [0 : number_of_rings-1]) assign(
	ir=center_radius+(ring_width+ring_spacing)*ring,
	or=center_radius+(ring_width+ring_spacing)*(ring+1)-ring_spacing,
	odd=(ring%2), even=((ring+1)%2)) {

drwaw_electrons(or, ir, ring_height, ring_height_step, ring, ring_width);

	// translate each new ring so that the pins get printed
	// resting on the next ring's hole wall
	translate(v=[0, 0, ring*ring_height_step*.5]) intersection() {
		difference() {
			difference() {
				union() {
					sphere(r=or, center=true);
					// the last ring does not have protruding pins
					if (ring != number_of_rings-1) rotate(v=[even, odd, 0], a=90)
						cylinder(r=pin_radius,
					   	h=(or*2-ir+ring_spacing)*2-(pin_cap_width+pin_cap_gap),
							center=true);

				}
				// the inner-most ring does not have pin holes
				if (ring==0) cylinder(r=center_radius, h=50, center=true);
				else union() {
					sphere(r=ir, center=true);
					rotate(v=[odd, even, 0], a=90)
						cylinder(r=pin_hole_radius, h=or*2-pin_cap_width, center=true);
				}
			}
			if (ring != number_of_rings-1)
				rotate(v=[even, odd, 0], a=90)
					rotate(v=[0,0,1], a=45)
						cube(size=[pin_radius, pin_radius,
                       (or+ring_width+ring_spacing)*2],
                       center=true);
		}

		// make each ring thicker than the last so that the
        // pin is still centered even though it is printed
		// resting on the next ring's hole wall
		cube(size=[(or+ring_width+ring_spacing)*2,
                 (or+ring_width+ring_spacing)*2,
           ring_height+(ring_height_step*ring)],
           center=true);
	}
}

module drwaw_electrons(or, ir, ring_height, ring_height_step, ring, ring_width)
{

if (ring==0 && ( number_of_electrons_on_ring1>0))
for (electron = [1 : number_of_electrons_on_ring1])
	rotate(a=360/number_of_electrons_on_ring1*electron, v=[0,0,1])
		translate(v=[0.5*(or+ir), 0, 0.5*(ring_height+(2*ring_height_step*ring))])
			difference() {
				sphere(r=(ring_width/2)-0.5, center=true);
				translate(v=[-0.5*ring_width, -0.5*ring_width, -ring_width])cube([ring_width,ring_width,ring_width]);
				}

if (ring==1 && (number_of_electrons_on_ring2>0))
for (electron = [1 : number_of_electrons_on_ring2])
	rotate(a=360/number_of_electrons_on_ring2*electron, v=[0,0,1])
		translate(v=[0.5*(or+ir), 0, 0.5*(ring_height+(2*ring_height_step*ring))])
			difference() {
				sphere(r=(ring_width/2)-0.5, center=true);
				translate(v=[-0.5*ring_width, -0.5*ring_width, -ring_width])cube([ring_width,ring_width,ring_width]);
				}

if (ring==2 && (number_of_electrons_on_ring3>0))
for (electron = [1 : number_of_electrons_on_ring3])
	rotate(a=360/number_of_electrons_on_ring3*electron, v=[0,0,1])
		translate(v=[0.5*(or+ir), 0, 0.5*(ring_height+(2*ring_height_step*ring))])
			difference() {
				sphere(r=(ring_width/2)-0.5, center=true);
				translate(v=[-0.5*ring_width, -0.5*ring_width, -ring_width])cube([ring_width,ring_width,ring_width]);
				}

if (ring==3 && (number_of_electrons_on_ring4>0))
for (electron = [1 : number_of_electrons_on_ring4])
	rotate(a=360/number_of_electrons_on_ring4*electron, v=[0,0,1])
		translate(v=[0.5*(or+ir), 0, 0.5*(ring_height+(2*ring_height_step*ring))])
			difference() {
				sphere(r=(ring_width/2)-0.5, center=true);
				translate(v=[-0.5*ring_width, -0.5*ring_width, -ring_width])cube([ring_width,ring_width,ring_width]);
				}

if (ring==4 && (number_of_electrons_on_ring5>0))
for (electron = [1 : number_of_electrons_on_ring5])
	rotate(a=360/number_of_electrons_on_ring5*electron, v=[0,0,1])
		translate(v=[0.5*(or+ir), 0, 0.5*(ring_height+(2*ring_height_step*ring))])
			difference() {
				sphere(r=(ring_width/2)-0.5, center=true);
				translate(v=[-0.5*ring_width, -0.5*ring_width, -ring_width])cube([ring_width,ring_width,ring_width]);
				}

if (ring==5 && (number_of_electrons_on_ring6>0))
for (electron = [1 : number_of_electrons_on_ring6])
	rotate(a=360/number_of_electrons_on_ring6*electron, v=[0,0,1])
		translate(v=[0.5*(or+ir), 0, 0.5*(ring_height+(2*ring_height_step*ring))])
			difference() {
				sphere(r=(ring_width/2)-0.5, center=true);
				translate(v=[-0.5*ring_width, -0.5*ring_width, -ring_width])cube([ring_width,ring_width,ring_width]);
				}

if (ring==6 && (number_of_electrons_on_ring7>0))
	for (electron = [1 : number_of_electrons_on_ring7])
	rotate(a=360/number_of_electrons_on_ring7*electron, v=[0,0,1])
		translate(v=[0.5*(or+ir), 0, 0.5*(ring_height+(2*ring_height_step*ring))])
			difference() {
				sphere(r=(ring_width/2)-0.5, center=true);
				translate(v=[-0.5*ring_width, -0.5*ring_width, -ring_width])cube([ring_width,ring_width,ring_width]);
				}
}

```


[User]
Okay, I've got this OpenSCAD file I've been using for a simple pipe or rod endcap, but it's not as flexible as I'd like and I'd really like to improve it. It uses just the basic OpenSCAD primitives, no libraries needed right now.

Here's the gist of what it does:

*   It creates a cylindrical endcap for a pipe or rod.
*   You can define the outer diameter of the pipe/rod, and the inner diameter (making it a hollow cap for a pipe, or solid for a rod).
*   There's a minimum wall thickness that you can specify.
*   The end of the cap can be flat, spherical, or something in between using a roundness parameter.
*   You can set the length of the cap.
*   Optionally, you can add a number of setscrew holes around the circumference.

What I would like is a more comprehensive and robust version, preferably still without relying on external libraries. I'd like to be able to customize the following things, and would prefer to do it all with the use of named variables:

*   **Pipe/Rod Dimensions:**
    *   Outer diameter (`pipe_outer_d`).
    *   Inner diameter (`pipe_inner_d`).
    *   Wall thickness (`cap_thickness`), ensuring this is the *minimum* thickness and is applied globally across all cap surfaces.
*   **Cap Shape:**
    *   Cap length (`cap_length`).
    *   End cap roundness (`cap_roundness`):
        *   `0` for a flat end.
        *   `1` for a perfect sphere.
        *   Values between 0 and 1 for a more rounded end.
        *   The roundness should smoothly blend the cylinder and sphere shapes at their intersection.
*   **Set Screw Options:**
    *   Number of setscrew holes (`setscrew_num`).
    *   Diameter of setscrew holes (`setscrew_d`).
    *   Depth of the setscrew holes, optionally with a bit of extra depth so that you can drill it out after printing. Maybe a parameter for this (`setscrew_depth_extra`), set to something like `0.5` by default.
    *   An offset parameter for the screws (`setscrew_offset_from_end`). This offset is from the end of the *cylindrical* part of the cap, not from the end of the sphere, and should be 0 by default (screw holes centered on the cap's cylindrical length).
*   **Chamfer/Fillet Options:**
    *   An option for chamfering or filleting the outer edge of the cap where it meets the pipe/rod (radius for fillet, height of chamfer). Let's have two parameters, `cap_edge_fillet_radius` and `cap_edge_chamfer_height`. Let's make it so that the values are independent so I can choose to have one, both, or neither, by setting them to zero.
*   **Tolerance:**
   *  A parameter to adjust the tolerance of the inner diameter (`inner_diameter_tolerance`) that is subtracted to account for printing imprecision.

Ideally, the code would be well-commented, easy to read, and would allow me to adjust any of these parameters.

Could you please generate a parametric OpenSCAD file based on these specifications? I want to have all those features in one single parametric function, ready to be called. Also, I'd prefer if it would not use any libraries for now.

[Assistant]
pipecap.scad:
```
// Pipe or Rod Endcap
// (c) 2013, Christopher "ScribbleJ" Jansen

// Pipe or Rod Outer Diameter
pipe_outer_d = 25;
// Pipe Inner Diameter -- Set to 0 for Rod
pipe_inner_d = 20;
// Minimum Thickness of Part
cap_thickness = 2.5;
// Roundness of Endcap -- Set 0 for Flat, 1 for Sphere, in-between for rounded.
cap_roundness = 0.25;
// Length of Endcap along Pipe or Rod
cap_length = 25;

// Number of Setscrew Holes -- 0 for None
setscrew_num = 1;
// Diameter of Setscrew Holes
setscrew_d = 5;

difference()
{
  union()
  {
    cylinder(r=pipe_outer_d/2 + cap_thickness, h=cap_length + cap_thickness);
    if(cap_roundness > 0)
    {
      translate([0,0,cap_length + cap_thickness]) scale([1,1,cap_roundness]) sphere(r=pipe_outer_d/2 + cap_thickness);
    }
  }

  translate([0,0,-1])
  {
    cylinder(r=pipe_inner_d/2 - cap_thickness, h=cap_length+1);

    difference()
    {
      cylinder(r=pipe_outer_d/2, h=cap_length+1);
      cylinder(r=pipe_inner_d/2, h=cap_length+1);
    }
  }

  if(setscrew_num > 0)
  {
    for(x=[0:360/setscrew_num:setscrew_num*(360/setscrew_num)])
    {
      translate([0,0,cap_length/2]) rotate([90,0,x]) cylinder(r=setscrew_d/2, h=pipe_outer_d);
    }
  }
}

```


[User]
Okay, I need a parametric OpenSCAD file to generate a decorative flange, kind of like a washer with a raised edge, that can be used around cut holes. It's based on an existing design I have, but I want something more flexible.

Here’s the basic idea:

*   **Core Shape:** It's essentially a flat cylinder with a smaller, raised cylindrical lip on the inside. Think of a hockey puck with a hole in the middle and a smaller raised inner ring.
*   **Parameters:** I need to be able to adjust several key dimensions:
    *   `Inside_Diameter`: The diameter of the central hole, where the cut hole will be.
    *   `Flange_Lip`: The width of the flat, washer-like part of the flange that extends outward from the inner cylinder.
    *   `Edge_Height`: The height of the raised cylindrical lip on the inside.
    *   `thickness`: The thickness of the base flange cylinder, I would like to have it defined as a variable (currently 1.95 + a small tolerance (.05).
*   **Construction:** The flange should be constructed by a combination of two cylinders, with one cylinder subtracted to create the central hole, all combined using a `difference()` operation. The main structure is two cylinders, a wider, flatter one that forms the “flange” and a taller, thinner cylinder that creates the lip. From the total structure, the area of the inside diameter is subtracted using a `difference()` operation.
*   **Constraints:** I am using a Replicator 2 printer, so my bed size limits the design. The maximum print area is 6 inches (150 mm). I'd also like to avoid generating many faces. The `$fa` (fragmentation variable) of the original is currently set to `$fa=2+1;`. I would like to be able to control this from the command line if possible, though I'm not sure if that is the best practice in general.
*   **Functionality:** The intention is to make this flange printable, so it has to have a flat bottom. The raised lip will fit into the cutout.
*   **Libraries:** I don't think I need any special libraries, the basic OpenSCAD primitives should be enough.

Could you please generate an OpenSCAD file that uses these parameters and allows me to generate this flange shape, taking into account my printer constraints and the construction method described above? I’d like to be able to adjust the variables easily and generate different sizes for various hole diameters and lip requirements.

[Assistant]
half-flange-general.scad:
```
// general size flange
// July 5, 2013
// R Lazure

Inside_Diameter=100;//[10:200]
Flange_Lip=15;//[5,10,15,20,25,30]
Edge_Height=15;//[5,10,15,20,25,30]
$fa=2+1;
thickness=1.95+.05;
OD= Inside_Diameter+2*Flange_Lip+2*thickness;
ODrad= OD/2;
IDrad= Inside_Diameter/2;
innerrad= IDrad+thickness;

intersection(){
	translate([-ODrad-15,-OD-30,0]) cube(OD+30,OD+30,OD+30);
 difference() {
   union(){
     cylinder(thickness, ODrad, ODrad);
    cylinder(Edge_Height, innerrad, innerrad);
          }
   translate([0,0,-10]) cylinder(Edge_Height+20,Inside_Diameter/2,Inside_Diameter/2);
             }
		}

```


[User]
Okay, here's my query:

I'm looking to create a parametric OpenSCAD file for a tray that holds 9-volt batteries. I've seen a ton of designs for cylindrical battery holders, but there's a real lack of options for 9V batteries, and I'd like to be able to customize the size easily.

Here's what I need:

*   **A tray for multiple 9V batteries:** I want to be able to specify how many rows and columns of batteries I need. The batteries should be held snugly, but not too tightly.
*   **Parametric Dimensions:** I need to be able to adjust the following:
    *   `InnerWallThickness`: Thickness of the walls separating the battery slots.
    *   `OuterWallThickness`: Thickness of the outer walls of the tray.
    *   `BottomThickness`: Thickness of the base of the tray.
    *   `TrayHeight`: Overall height of the tray (including the bottom thickness).
    *   `BatteryWidth`: Width of a 9V battery.
    *   `BatteryDepth`: Depth of a 9V battery.
    *   `BatteryHeight`: Height of a 9V battery.
    *   `BatteryMargin`: Extra space around each battery to allow for easy insertion and removal.
    *   `Rows`: Number of rows of batteries.
    *   `Columns`: Number of columns of batteries.

*   **OpenSCAD file**: I want a single .scad file that handles all of this.
*   **Clear Comments:** Please include helpful comments in the code so I can understand how each part works.
*   **No external dependencies (if possible)**: I prefer a solution without external libraries if the implementation is straightforward. If a library would make the code significantly more efficient or readable, please use it, but explicitly mention which library you're using.
*  **Base Structure:** The base of the tray should be a solid block that the battery slots are cut from.

I've tried to write a first draft myself, but it's a little clunky. My draft looks like this:

```
// 9 Volt Battery Tray

InnerWallThickness = 3;
OuterWallThickness = 4;
BottomThickness = 3;
TrayHeight = 20; // Overall height, includes BottomThickness

BatteryWidth = 26.5;
BatteryDepth = 17.5;
BatteryHeight = 48.5;
BatteryMargin = .5;

Rows    = 3; // in the BatteryDepth direction
Columns = 2; // In the BatteryWidth direction

module batteryHole() {
	cube(size=[BatteryWidth+BatteryMargin,
	           BatteryDepth+BatteryMargin,
	           BatteryHeight+BatteryMargin]);
}

module Base() {
	cube(size=[(BatteryWidth+BatteryMargin)*Columns + OuterWallThickness*2 + InnerWallThickness*(Columns-1),
               (BatteryDepth+BatteryMargin)*Rows    + OuterWallThickness*2 + InnerWallThickness*(Rows   -1),
	           TrayHeight]);
}

module BatteryTray() {
	// Subtract the batteries
	difference() {
		Base();
		for (row = [0:Rows-1])
			for (col = [0:Columns-1])
				translate(v=[OuterWallThickness + (BatteryWidth+BatteryMargin+InnerWallThickness)*col,
				             OuterWallThickness + (BatteryDepth+BatteryMargin+InnerWallThickness)*row,
				             BottomThickness])
					batteryHole();
	}
}

BatteryTray();
```

Could you help me generate a better version of this, possibly incorporating improvements or best practices?

[Assistant]
9_Volt_Battery_Tray.scad:
```
// 9 Volt Battery Tray

InnerWallThickness = 3;
OuterWallThickness = 4;
BottomThickness = 3;
TrayHeight = 20; // Overall height, includes BottomThickness

BatteryWidth = 26.5;
BatteryDepth = 17.5;
BatteryHeight = 48.5;
BatteryMargin = .5;

Rows    = 3; // in the BatteryDepth direction
Columns = 2; // In the BatteryWidth direction

module batteryHole() {
	cube(size=[BatteryWidth+BatteryMargin,
	           BatteryDepth+BatteryMargin,
	           BatteryHeight+BatteryMargin]);
}

module Base() {
	cube(size=[(BatteryWidth+BatteryMargin)*Columns + OuterWallThickness*2 + InnerWallThickness*(Columns-1),
               (BatteryDepth+BatteryMargin)*Rows    + OuterWallThickness*2 + InnerWallThickness*(Rows   -1),
	           TrayHeight]);
}

module BatteryTray() {
	// Subtract the batteries
	difference() {
		Base();
		for (row = [0:Rows-1])
			for (col = [0:Columns-1])
				translate(v=[OuterWallThickness + (BatteryWidth+BatteryMargin+InnerWallThickness)*col,
				             OuterWallThickness + (BatteryDepth+BatteryMargin+InnerWallThickness)*row,
				             BottomThickness])
					batteryHole();
	}
}

BatteryTray();

```


[User]
Okay, I'm looking to design a parametric measuring spoon, similar to the one I found online but with some modifications and improvements. The existing design is pretty good, but I want more flexibility and control over the final product.

Here’s the breakdown of what I’m looking for:

**Core Functionality (based on the provided example):**

*   **Parametric Volume:**  The primary feature is that the user can specify the desired volume of the spoon in milliliters (ml). The design should automatically adjust the bowl size to achieve this.
*   **Bowl:** The bowl should be spherical or a segment of a sphere to accurately measure volume.
*   **Grip:** The spoon should have a cylindrical handle or grip, attached to the bowl at an angle.
*   **Wall Thickness:** The thickness of the material for both the bowl and the handle should be adjustable.
*   **Bottom Cutoff:** Include a slight flat cut at the bottom of the bowl to improve printing, as was in the original code.
*   **Grip Diameter and Length:**  These parameters for the handle should be adjustable.
*   **Grip Angle:** The angle at which the handle connects to the bowl needs to be configurable.

**Improvements/Modifications I want:**

*   **More Handle Options:** The current handle is just a straight cylinder. I would like the option to choose between a cylindrical handle and a handle that has an ergonomic oval cross-section. The oval cross-section should have its own width/height parameters.
*   **Handle Taper:**  Ideally, the handle could taper from the base where it joins the bowl to the end of the handle. The rate of taper should also be adjustable via a new parameter. If the ergonomic oval cross-section is chosen, the taper should apply to width and height separately.
*   **Spoon Shape:**  I'd like an option for the bowl to be more of an elliptical section rather than just a spherical section. This should be controlled by a ratio or two, so the width and depth of the bowl can be specified independently, instead of being automatically defined by just the volume. The bowl shape should transition smoothly to the grip.
*   **Units:** I would prefer explicit units in the comments. I'd also prefer the code to explicitly name variables. It looks like I can use $fn as the arc resolution, but I'd prefer to have a named variable to control it.

**Specific Parameters I need to be adjustable:**

*   `spoonVolume_ml`: The volume of the bowl in milliliters.
*   `wallThickness_mm`: The thickness of the spoon walls.
*   `handleShape`: a string or enum: "cylinder" or "oval".
*   `handleDiameter_mm`: (only for cylinder) The diameter of the cylindrical handle.
*  `handleWidth_mm`: (only for oval) The width of the oval cross-section of the handle.
*   `handleHeight_mm`: (only for oval) The height of the oval cross-section of the handle.
*   `handleLength_mm`: The length of the handle.
*   `handleTaperRate_mm_per_mm`: The rate at which the handle tapers from base to tip. A value of 0 indicates no taper.
*   `handleAngle_deg`: The angle between the bowl and the handle.
*  `bowlCutoff_mm`:  The amount to cut off the bottom of the bowl, a number greater or equal to zero.
*   `bowlWidthRatio`: A ratio between the depth and width, so if set to 1, they are equal, if set to 2, the width is twice the depth.
*   `arcResolution`: Number of segments per circle.
* `debugPrintTestGrip`: Boolean for debugging, as in the example.

**Library Usage:**

I expect this to be implementable with the basic OpenSCAD primitives, so I don't expect use of any special libraries like MCAD, BOSL, or others.

Could you generate the OpenSCAD code that accomplishes this? I'm aiming for a very flexible and customizable design here. Let me know if you have any questions about my requirements.

[Assistant]
MeasSpoon_V11.scad:
```
//
// Parametric Metric Measuring Spoon, V1.1
//
// For the protocol:
//   07/2013
//   (C)CC-BY-SA, FMMT666(ASkr)
//   www.askrprojects.net
//

//
// CHANGES V1.1:
//  - Hid the "CP" (aka $fn) variable from the Thingiverse Customizer.
//

MINITESTGRIP =     0;      // print test grip? 0/1 (off/on)
                           // Useful for testing the size of the bowl
                           // with much faster prints...

volume =           5.0;    // volume of the spoon in ml
thickness =        1.4;    // thickness of wall in mm

gripDia =          7.0;    // diameter of the grip
gripLen =         80.0;    // length of the grip
gripAngle =       30.0;    // angle of the bowl-grip joint

sink =             0.4;    // cut off the bottom a bit (easier to print)

//=========================================================================
//=== NO CHANGES BELOW HERE ===============================================
//=========================================================================
/*[hidden]*/
CP   = 75; // arc resolution ($fn)
rad  = pow( (6000.0*volume/(4.0*3.14159)), (1.0/3.0) );
rado = rad + thickness;
cuts = 2 * (rad + thickness + 1);

Spoon();

//=========================================================================
module Spoon()
{

  difference()
  {
    // join bowl and grip
    translate([ 0, 0, -sink ])
    union()
    {
      translate([ 0, 0, rado ])
      rotate([ 0, gripAngle, 0 ])
      translate([ 0, 0, -rado ])
      Bowl();

      if( MINITESTGRIP )
      {
        difference()
        {
          Grip();
          translate([ rado, -gripDia/2-1])
          cube([ gripLen + gripDia + 2, gripDia + 2, gripDia +2 ]);
        }
      }
      else
        Grip();

    }// END union

    // bottom cutoff
    translate([ -rado - 1 - gripDia/2, (-rado - 1)/2, -sink - 1 ])
    cube([rado + gripLen + gripDia + 2, rado + 2, sink + 1 ]);

  }// END difference
}

//=========================================================================
module BowlCut()
{
  translate([0,0,rado])
  hull()
  {
    translate([ gripLen, 0, 0])
    sphere(r = rado, $fn = CP );
    sphere(r = rado, $fn = CP );
  }
}

//=========================================================================
module Bowl()
{
  translate([0,0,rado])
  difference()
  {
    sphere(r = rado, $fn = CP );
    sphere(r = rad, $fn = CP );
    translate([-cuts/2,-cuts/2,0])
    cube([cuts,cuts,cuts]);
  }
}

//=========================================================================
module Grip()
{

  difference()
  {
    union()
    {
      // round end of the grip
      translate([ gripLen, 0, gripDia/2])
      sphere( r = gripDia/2, $fn = CP, center = true );

      // the round grip
      rotate([0,90,0])
      translate([-gripDia/2,0,0])
      cylinder( r = gripDia/2, h = gripLen, $fn = CP );
    }

    translate([0,0,rado])
    sphere(r = rad, $fn = CP );

  }//END difference
}

```


[User]
Okay, I'm looking for a parametric design for an Arduino case, specifically a simple tray with standoffs. I want to be able to easily customize it for different Arduino boards (Uno or Mega) and adjust the dimensions.

Here's what I need:

*   **Arduino Type:** The design needs to handle both Arduino Uno and Mega boards. This should be a parameter I can easily change.
*   **Wall & Bottom Thickness:** I need to be able to control the thickness of the case's side walls and bottom. Let's call this parameter `thick`.
*   **Wall Height:** I want to specify the height of the side walls, `wall_height`.
*   **Standoff Height:** I need to control how tall the standoffs are, `standoff_height`.
*   **Standoff Hole Diameter:** I need to be able to change the diameter of the holes in the standoffs, `standoff_hole_diameter`.
*   **Standoff Thickness:** I want a parameter to control the thickness of the standoff itself (around the hole), `standoff_thick`.
*   **Arduino Clearance:**  I need some clearance between the Arduino board and the inside walls of the case, let's call it `clearance`.

The case should have the following features:

*   **Standoffs:** Standoffs to mount the Arduino PCB. The standoffs should be positioned correctly for both the Uno and Mega, and be adjusted by parameters above, including `standoff_thick` and `standoff_hole_diameter`
*   **Power Plug & USB Gaps:** Cutouts in the side walls to provide access to the power plug and USB connector on the Arduino.
*   **Basic Tray Shape:** It should be a simple rectangular tray with the standoffs inside.

I'd like the OpenSCAD file to be well-commented and use named variables, so it's easy to understand and modify. No special libraries are needed for this design, just the core OpenSCAD features.

Basically, I want to be able to adjust all these dimensions and have the case update automatically to fit either an Uno or Mega.

Could you generate this parametric OpenSCAD file for me?

[Assistant]
arduino_case_v3.scad:
```
//design and code by emanresu (http://www.thingiverse.com/Emanresu)
//generates a simple tray with standoffs for an arduino to sit in

//CUSTOMIZER VARIABLES

//arduino type
arduino_type = "Uno"; //[Uno,Mega]

//thickness of side walls and bottom (mm)
thick = 1.6;
//height of side walls (mm)
wall_height = 15;
//height of standoff (mm)
standoff_height = 7;
//standoff hole diameter (mm)
standoff_hole_diameter = 2.9;
//standoff thickness (mm)
standoff_thick = 1.6;
//clearance between arduino and sidewalls (mm)
clearance = 1.5;

/* [Hidden] */

//sets openSCAD resolution for nice, round holes
$fa=1;
$fs=0.5;

   ///////////////
  //  Modules  //
 ///////////////

module Arduino_standoffs() {
	// body...
	//arranging standoffs
	translate([13.97, 2.54, standoff_height/2]) {
		difference() {
			cylinder(r=standoff_hole_diameter/2+standoff_thick, h=standoff_height, center=true);
			cylinder(r=standoff_hole_diameter/2, h=standoff_height+1, center=true);
		}
	}
	translate([15.24, 50.8, standoff_height/2]) {
		difference() {
			cylinder(r=standoff_hole_diameter/2+standoff_thick, h=standoff_height, center=true);
			cylinder(r=standoff_hole_diameter/2, h=standoff_height+1, center=true);
		}
	}
	translate([66.04, 7.62, standoff_height/2]) {
		difference() {
			cylinder(r=standoff_hole_diameter/2+standoff_thick, h=standoff_height, center=true);
			cylinder(r=standoff_hole_diameter/2, h=standoff_height+1, center=true);
		}
	}
	translate([66.04, 35.56, standoff_height/2]) {
		difference() {
			cylinder(r=standoff_hole_diameter/2+standoff_thick, h=standoff_height, center=true);
			cylinder(r=standoff_hole_diameter/2, h=standoff_height+1, center=true);
		}
	}

	if (arduino_type == "Mega") {
		//adds extra standoffs for Mega, if specified
		translate([90.17, 50.8, standoff_height/2]) {
			difference() {
				cylinder(r=standoff_hole_diameter/2+standoff_thick, h=standoff_height, center=true);
				cylinder(r=standoff_hole_diameter/2, h=standoff_height+1, center=true);
			}
		}
		translate([96.52, 2.54, standoff_height/2]) {
			difference() {
				cylinder(r=standoff_hole_diameter/2+standoff_thick, h=standoff_height, center=true);
				cylinder(r=standoff_hole_diameter/2, h=standoff_height+1, center=true);
			}
		}
	}
}

module Arduino_case_body() {
	// body...

	//sets length for type of arduino specified, 101.6 mm for Mega, 68.58 mm for Uno
	base_x = (arduino_type == "Mega" ? 101.6 : 68.58);

	difference() {
		cube(size=[base_x+2*thick+2*clearance, 53.34+2*thick+2*clearance, wall_height+thick], center=false);
		translate([thick, thick, thick]) {
			//main compartment
			cube(size=[base_x+2*clearance, 53.34+2*clearance, wall_height+1], center=false);
		}
		translate([thick/2, 7.62+thick+clearance, wall_height/2+thick+standoff_height]) {
			//power plug gap
			cube(size=[thick+1, 8.89+2*clearance, wall_height], center=true);
		}
		translate([thick/2, 38.1+thick+clearance, wall_height/2+thick+standoff_height]) {
			//USB plug gap
			cube(size=[thick+1, 11.43+2*clearance, wall_height], center=true);
		}
	}
}

   ////////////////////
  //  Control Code  //
 ////////////////////

union() {
	//Joins case body with standoffs
	Arduino_case_body();
	translate([thick+clearance, thick+clearance, thick]) {
		Arduino_standoffs();
	}
}

```


[User]
Okay, I need an OpenSCAD design for a strap clip, specifically for cargo straps. I've got a strap, I roll it up, and I need something that will hold it in that rolled position.

Here are the key parameters I need to be able to adjust:

*   **Number of Clips (clips):** I need to be able to specify how many clips I want in a row. This should be an integer.
*   **Mirror Clips (mirror):** I want an option to mirror the clips back-to-back. The options should be "no" or "yes".
*   **Strap Width (strap_width):**  This is the width of the *unrolled* strap.
*   **Rolled Width (roll_width):** This is the width of the strap when it’s rolled up.
*   **Clip Overhang (clip_overhang):** This is how far the "knob" of the clip extends over the strap, keeping it from falling out.
*   **Clip Thickness (clip_thickness):** This is the thickness of the material used for the clip itself.
*   **Clip Width (clip_width):** This is the width of the clip along the Z-axis.

I want the design to have the basic shape described in the comments: a "U" shape to hold the roll of the strap. The "knob" on each side of the "U" to keep the rolled strap in place should be cylindrical. And the clips should be able to be laid out in a row. If mirror is "yes" then the row of clips will also be mirrored back-to-back around the Y axis

The design should use a simple cube for the main body of the clip and cylinders for the “knobs”. I don’t need any fancy features or fillets right now.

I would like the final result to be easily customizable using the parameters I described, and the code should be clear and easy to understand. No additional libraries or assumptions should be used.

Could you generate the OpenSCAD code for this?

[Assistant]
strap_clip.scad:
```
// strap clip.scad

/* [Global] */
// How many in a row
clips=2; // [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8]

// Mirror clips on the other side
mirror="no"; // [no,yes]

/* [Strap Size] */
// Width of the strap
strap_width=28; //

// Width once it is rolled up
roll_width=44; //

/* [Clip Parameters] */
// Size of knob holding the strap in
clip_overhang=2.5;

// Thickness of the holder
clip_thickness=2.5;

// Width of the holder
clip_width=30;

/* [Hidden] */

$fs=0.1;

clipHangRadius=clip_thickness/2+clip_overhang/2;

/*             X
 *      <---roll_width-->
 *     |=================|  <--clip_thickness
 *     |                 |
 *   Y |                 |   ^
 *     |__             __|   v strap_width
 *
 *     ^               <> ---clip_overhang
 *      \-clip_thickness
 *
 */

module clip() {
	*translate([roll_width,clip_thickness,0])
	cube([clip_thickness,strap_width,clip_width]);
	cube([roll_width+2*clip_thickness,clip_thickness,clip_width]);
	cube([clip_thickness,strap_width+clip_thickness*2,clip_width]);
	translate([roll_width+clip_thickness,0,0])
		cube([clip_thickness,strap_width+clip_thickness*2,clip_width]);
	translate([clipHangRadius,strap_width+clip_thickness*1.9,0])
		cylinder(r=clipHangRadius,h=clip_width);
	translate([roll_width+2*clip_thickness-clipHangRadius,strap_width+clip_thickness*1.9,0])
		cylinder(r=clipHangRadius,h=clip_width);
}

rotate([0,0,180]) {
	for (i = [0 : clips-1])
	{
	translate([i*(clip_thickness+roll_width),0,0])
	clip();
	if (mirror=="yes")
		translate([i*(clip_thickness+roll_width),clip_thickness/2,0])
			mirror([0,1,0])
				clip();
	}
}
```


[User]
Okay, I'm looking to create a customizable cuff-style bracelet, and I have a starting point in mind, but I need a more robust and flexible design. I'm envisioning something that can be easily personalized with text, studs, or even holes. I’d also like a better attachment bracket.

Here are the core features I need to control parametrically:

*   **Cuff Size:** I need to be able to specify the inside diameter of the cuff. I want a variable for this in millimeters, with a range from, say, 10mm to 200mm.
*   **Cuff Width:** The width of the cuff (from edge to edge), also in millimeters, ranging perhaps from 15mm to 80mm.
*   **Cuff Thickness:** I'd like the thickness to be automatically calculated as 1/4 of the cuff width, but it should also be adjustable as needed in the range of 5mm to 40mm.
*   **Accent Style:** I need to pick from these different options to personalize the cuff:
    *   Emboss Inscription
    *   Engrave Inscription
    *   Studs
    *   Holes
    *   Plain (no accents)
*   **Font Height:** The height of the inscription or accents, should be adjustable in mm, probably between 4mm and 20mm.
*   **Inscriptions:** Two text inscriptions, one for the front and one for the back. I need to be able to input these as variables.
*   **Font:** I want to use specific DXF fonts for the inscriptions. I’m using “knewave.dxf”, but I might want to swap it out for other ones such as "Letters.dxf", "orbitron.dxf", "BlackRose.dxf", or "braille.dxf". I’ll need to have these as options. These are in the "write" folder.
*   **Font Depth:** I need to control how deep the text is engraved or embossed. I want to have a setting where 25 (mm?) will cut the letters out entirely. I need options between .5 to 25.
*   **Attachment Bracket:** I need to choose if I want an attachment bracket, and how many. Options are none, one bracket, or two brackets.
*   **Attachment Style:**  I need to control the size of the bracket:  none, small, medium, or thick.  These will be some kind of numeric representation.
*   **Attachment Hole Size:** A variable to control the size of the hole in the bracket. I'm thinking small, medium, and large.
*   **Locking Pin Head:** I need a variable to control the size of the locking pin head (none, small, medium, large)
*  **Locking Pin Head Shape:** I want to choose the shape of the locking pin head (round, or square).
*   **Print Parts:** I want to be able to print everything, the cuffs only, just the lock pin or just the key.
*   **Build Plate:** I need to select from different build plate sizes (replicator 2, replicator, thingomatic, or manual). If I select "manual" it should allow to control the x and y size.

I also saw that the code was using a `Write.scad` file and also something in a `utils` folder that I didn't see. Could you include those as well?

Essentially, I need a completely parametric design where I can easily modify all these parameters and the cuff will update accordingly. I'm ready to get started if you have the file ready.

[Assistant]
cuff_modified.scad:
```
use <utils/build_plate.scad>

use<Write.scad>
include <write/Write.scad>
$fn=50*1;

//Select the diameter of the inside of the bracet in mm.  This should be at least as wide as the thing you are cuffing. Examples of wrist sizes to get you started:  62-XS, 65-S, 70-M, 75-L, 80-XL. Currently Selected:
Cuff_Size = 70; // [10:200]

// Width of the cuffs in mm. Currently Selected:
Cuff_Width = 15; // [15:80]

// Thickness of the cuffs in mm. Currently selected:
//Cuff_Thickness = Cuff_Width/4;  //=5; //[5:40]

//Personalize your cuffs with an inscription, or various other options
Accent_Style = 1; // [0:Emboss Inscription,1:Engrave Inscription,2:Studs, 3:Holes, 4:Plain]

//Text (or accent) height should be less than the top surface width. Currently Selected:
font_height = 10; // [4:20]

//enter your custom inscription
Front_Inscription = "My";

//enter your custom inscription
Back_Inscription = "Pet";

//select the font of your choice
font = "write/knewave.dxf"; //["write/Letters.dxf":Basic,"write/orbitron.dxf":Futuristic,"write/BlackRose.dxf":Fancy,"write/braille.dxf":Braille,"write/knewave.dxf":Smooth]

// font depth can be adjusted, if embossing a smaller number is best. If you are engraving try out 25 to cut the letters out entierly for an interesting effect
font_depth = 1; // [0.5,1,2,3,5,8,25:25 - Cutout]

//Would you like a bracket to attach a string or rope?
Attachment_Bracket = 1; //[0:None,1:One Side,2:Both Sides]

//Adjust the size of the attachment bracket
Attachment_Style = 10; //[0:None,5:Small,10:Medium,20:Thick]

//Adjust the size of the hole in the attachment braket to accomodate different size rope or string
Attachment_Hole_Size = 5; // [5:Small,7:Medium,10:Large]

//The head on the locking pin can make it easier to remove the cuffs without the key.  If you do not wish to put a head on the pin making it more difficult to remove the cuffs select No head.
Locking_Pin_Head_Size=3; //[0:No head, 1:Small, 3:Medium, 5:Larger]

//Square locking pin heads are easier to wiggle out without using the key
Locking_Pin_Head_Shape=1*1; // //[0:Round,1:Square]

//Which parts would you like to print.
Print_Parts = 1; // [1:Everything,2:Cuffs only,5:Lock Pin only,6:Key only]

//for display only, doesn't contribute to final object
build_plate_selector = 0; //[0:Replicator 2,1: Replicator,2:Thingomatic,3:Manual]

//when Build Plate Selector is set to "manual" this controls the build plate x dimension
build_plate_manual_x = 100; //[100:400]

//when Build Plate Selector is set to "manual" this controls the build plate y dimension
build_plate_manual_y = 100; //[100:400]

build_plate(build_plate_selector,build_plate_manual_x,build_plate_manual_y);

emboss_or_engrave = Accent_Style;
print=Print_Parts;

inscription1 = Front_Inscription;
inscription2 = Back_Inscription;

cuff_inside_d = Cuff_Size;
cuff_wall = Cuff_Width/4;
cuff_outside_d = cuff_inside_d+cuff_wall*2;
cuff_middle_d = (cuff_outside_d+cuff_inside_d)/2;

cuff_hole_d = cuff_wall/2;
cuff_width = Cuff_Width;

cuff_edge_radius = cuff_wall/3;

hinge_play = 0.75*1;
hinge_hole_d = cuff_wall/2;

fudge = 0.05*1; // used to prevent 0 thinkness issues

hinge_offset = cuff_wall/2+hinge_play;

pin_head_d = hinge_hole_d+5;
pin_head_z = Locking_Pin_Head_Size;
pin_head_square = Locking_Pin_Head_Shape;

key_d = hinge_hole_d*0.9;// make the key smaller to fit in the hole
key_head_d = hinge_hole_d+5;
key_head_z = 5*1;

attachment_hole_d = Attachment_Hole_Size;
attachment_z = Attachment_Style;
attachment_count = Attachment_Bracket;

stud_d = font_height;
stud_deep = font_height/2+cuff_wall/2;

hole_d = font_height;

//		writecylinder(inscription,[0,0,0],cuff_outside_d/2,0,rotate=0,font=font,
	//				t=font_depth,h=font_height);

//make_cuff_side_1 ();
build_on_build_plate();

module hole() {

	translate([0,cuff_middle_d/2,0])
	rotate(90,[1,0,0])
			cylinder (r=hole_d/2,h=cuff_wall*2,center=true);
}

module holes() {

		rotate(0,[0,0,1])
			hole();

		rotate(37,[0,0,1])
			hole();

		rotate(-37,[0,0,1])
			hole();

		rotate(74,[0,0,1])
			hole();

		rotate(-74,[0,0,1])
			hole();

		rotate(180+0,[0,0,1])
			hole();

		rotate(180+35,[0,0,1])
			hole();

		rotate(180-35,[0,0,1])
			hole();

		rotate(180+70,[0,0,1])
			hole();

		rotate(180-70,[0,0,1])
			hole();

}

module stud() {
	translate([0,-cuff_middle_d/2,0])
		rotate(90,[1,0,0])
			cylinder (r1=stud_d/2,r2=0,h=stud_deep);
}

module studs (side) {
	if (side == 1) {
		rotate(0,[0,0,1])
			stud();

		rotate(37,[0,0,1])
			stud();

		rotate(-37,[0,0,1])
			stud();

		rotate(74,[0,0,1])
			stud();

		rotate(-74,[0,0,1])
			stud();

	} else {

		rotate(180+0,[0,0,1])
			stud();

		rotate(180+35,[0,0,1])
			stud();

		rotate(180-35,[0,0,1])
			stud();

		rotate(180+70,[0,0,1])
			stud();

		rotate(180-70,[0,0,1])
			stud();

	}

}

module build_on_build_plate() {
	if (print==1 || print == 2) {// print the front cuff
			translate ([+cuff_middle_d/2,0,cuff_width/2])
				rotate (5,[0,0,1])
				translate ([-cuff_middle_d/2,0,0])
					make_cuff_side_1 ();
			translate ([0,0,cuff_width/2])
				make_cuff_side_2 ();
			translate ([cuff_middle_d/2,0,0])
				hinge_pin();
	}

	if (print==1 || print == 5) // print the front cuff
		translate ([-pin_head_d,0,0])
			pin();

	if (print==1 || print == 6) // print the front cuff
		translate ([0,-pin_head_d,0])
			key();
}

module attachment_point () {

	attachment_radius = attachment_z/4;

	join_block_size = attachment_hole_d/2+cuff_wall/2+attachment_radius*2;

	if (attachment_count==1 || attachment_count==2 ) {

		translate([cuff_middle_d/2+attachment_hole_d/2+cuff_wall/2,attachment_hole_d,0])

			difference() {
				union() {
					translate([-join_block_size/2+attachment_radius,0,0])
						rounded_cube([join_block_size,attachment_hole_d*2,attachment_z], attachment_radius);

					rounded_cyliner (rad=attachment_hole_d,corner_radius=attachment_radius,height=attachment_z);
				}

				cylinder(r = attachment_hole_d/2, h = cuff_width+fudge, center = true);
			}
	}

	// add the second bracket
	if (attachment_count==2 ) {

			translate([-(cuff_middle_d/2+attachment_hole_d/2+cuff_wall/2),attachment_hole_d,0])

				difference() {
					union() {
						translate([-(-join_block_size/2+attachment_radius),0,0])
							rounded_cube([join_block_size,attachment_hole_d*2,attachment_z], attachment_radius);

						rounded_cyliner (rad=attachment_hole_d,corner_radius=attachment_radius,height=attachment_z);
					}

					cylinder(r = attachment_hole_d/2, h = cuff_width+fudge, center = true);
				}
	}

}

module pin () {

	translate([0,0,(cuff_width+pin_head_z)/2])
		//rounded_cyliner (r=hinge_hole_d/2,corner_radius=hinge_hole_d/6,height=cuff_width+pin_head_z);
		cylinder (r=hinge_hole_d/2,h=cuff_width+pin_head_z,center=true);

	if (pin_head_z > 0) {
		if (pin_head_square==1) {
			translate([0,0,(pin_head_z)/2])
				rounded_cube([pin_head_d,pin_head_d, pin_head_z], pin_head_z/2);

		} else {
			translate([0,0,(pin_head_z)/2])
				rounded_cylinder(r = pin_head_d/2, corner_radius=pin_head_z/2, height=pin_head_z);
		}
	}
}

module hinge_pin () {
echo (hinge_hole_d);
	translate([0,0,cuff_width/2])
		cylinder(r=hinge_hole_d/2,h=cuff_width,center=true);

}

module key () {

	translate([0,0,(cuff_width+key_head_z)/2])
		cylinder(r=key_d/2,h=cuff_width+key_head_z,center=true);
		//rounded_cyliner (r=key_d/2,corner_radius=key_d/4,height=cuff_width+key_head_z);

	if (key_head_z > 0) {
		translate([0,0,pin_head_z/2])
			rounded_cube([pin_head_d,pin_head_d, pin_head_z], pin_head_z/2,center=true);
			//rounded_cyliner(r = key_head_d/2, corner_radius=key_head_z/4, height=key_head_z);
	}
}

module hinge_hole (side = 1) {

	if (side == 1) {
		cylinder(r = 	hinge_hole_d/2, h = cuff_width+fudge, center = true);
	} else {
		cylinder(r = 	hinge_hole_d/2+hinge_play/2, h = cuff_width+fudge, center = true);

	}

}

module hinge (side =1) {
// create a hindge in the middle, something else will move it into position

	segment = cuff_width/3-hinge_play;

	length_of_filler = cuff_wall/2+hinge_offset+cuff_edge_radius;

	if (side == 1 ) {
		translate([0, 0, cuff_width/3+hinge_play/2])
			//rounded_cube ([cuff_wall,cuff_wall,segment],cuff_edge_radius);
			rounded_cyliner (rad=cuff_wall/2,corner_radius=cuff_edge_radius,height=segment);

		translate([0, 0, -cuff_width/3-hinge_play/2])
			//rounded_cube ([cuff_wall,cuff_wall,segment],cuff_edge_radius);
			rounded_cyliner (rad=cuff_wall/2,corner_radius=cuff_edge_radius,height=segment);

		*translate([0, -hinge_offset/2-cuff_edge_radius, cuff_width/3+hinge_play/2])
			rounded_cube ([cuff_wall,hinge_offset+cuff_edge_radius*2,segment],cuff_edge_radius);
			//rounded_cyliner (rad=cuff_wall/2,corner_radius=cuff_edge_radius,height=segment);

		*translate([0, -hinge_offset/2-cuff_edge_radius, -cuff_width/3-hinge_play/2])
			rounded_cube ([cuff_wall,hinge_offset+cuff_edge_radius*2,segment],cuff_edge_radius);
			//rounded_cyliner (rad=cuff_wall/2,corner_radius=cuff_edge_radius,height=segment);

		translate([0, -length_of_filler/2+cuff_edge_radius, -cuff_width/3-hinge_play/2])
			rounded_cube ([cuff_wall,length_of_filler,segment],cuff_edge_radius);

		translate([0, -length_of_filler/2+cuff_edge_radius, cuff_width/3+hinge_play/2])
			rounded_cube ([cuff_wall,length_of_filler,segment],cuff_edge_radius);

	} else {

		translate([0, 0, 0])
			//rounded_cube ([cuff_wall,cuff_wall,cuff_width/3],cuff_edge_radius);
			rounded_cyliner (rad=cuff_wall/2,corner_radius=cuff_edge_radius,height=cuff_width/3);

/*
		translate([0, hinge_offset/2+cuff_edge_radius, 0])
			rounded_cube ([cuff_wall,hinge_offset+cuff_edge_radius*2,cuff_width/3],cuff_edge_radius);
*/

		translate([0, length_of_filler/2-cuff_edge_radius, 0])
			rounded_cube ([cuff_wall,length_of_filler,cuff_width/3],cuff_edge_radius);

	}
}

module rounded_cyliner (rad,corner_radius,height) {

	cylinder(r = rad, h = height, center = true);

/*

	// there some issue with this code that it works in OpenSCad but it won't convert to STL.  Not sure what the issue is.
		rotate_extrude(convexity = 20)
			translate([rad-corner_radius, height/2-corner_radius, 0])
				circle(r = corner_radius);

		rotate_extrude(convexity = 20)
			translate([rad-corner_radius, -height/2+corner_radius, 0])
				circle(r = corner_radius);

		cylinder(r = 	rad-corner_radius, h = height, center = true);

		*rotate_extrude(convexity = 10)
			translate([0, 0, 0])
				square ([rad*2-corner_radius*2,height],center = true);

		cylinder(r = 	rad, h = height-corner_radius*2, center = true);
		*rotate_extrude(convexity = 10)
			translate([0, 0, 0])
				square ([rad*2,height-corner_radius*2],center = true);

		*/
}

module rounded_cube(size, radius)
// Modified version of the function available in this library
// roundedBox([width, height, depth], float radius, bool sidesonly);
// Library: boxes.scad
// Version: 1.0
// Author: Marius Kintel
// Copyright: 2010
// License: BSD

{
  rot = [ [0,0,0], [90,0,90], [90,90,0] ];

    cube([size[0], size[1]-radius*2, size[2]-radius*2], center=true);
    cube([size[0]-radius*2, size[1], size[2]-radius*2], center=true);
    cube([size[0]-radius*2, size[1]-radius*2, size[2]], center=true);

    for (axis = [0:2]) {
      for (x = [radius-size[axis]/2, -radius+size[axis]/2],
             y = [radius-size[(axis+1)%3]/2, -radius+size[(axis+1)%3]/2]) {
        rotate(rot[axis])
          translate([x,y,0])
          cylinder(h=size[(axis+2)%3]-2*radius, r=radius, center=true);
      }
    }
    for (x = [radius-size[0]/2, -radius+size[0]/2],
           y = [radius-size[1]/2, -radius+size[1]/2],
           z = [radius-size[2]/2, -radius+size[2]/2]) {
      translate([x,y,z]) sphere(radius);
    }

}

module make_cuff_side_1 () {

	translate([0, -hinge_offset, 0]) {
		difference() {
			full_round_with_text ();
			mask_half (side=1);

			if (emboss_or_engrave==3)
				holes();
		}

		if (emboss_or_engrave==0) {
			translate ([0,0,font_height/4]) {
				writecylinder(inscription1,[0,0,0],cuff_outside_d/2,0,rotate=0,font=font,
					t=font_depth,h=font_height,center=true);
			}
		}

		if (emboss_or_engrave==2) //
			studs(side=1);

		translate([cuff_middle_d/2, -cuff_edge_radius, 0])
			rounded_cube([cuff_wall,cuff_edge_radius*2,cuff_width], radius=cuff_edge_radius);
		translate([-cuff_middle_d/2, -cuff_edge_radius, 0])
			rounded_cube([cuff_wall,cuff_edge_radius*2,cuff_width], radius=cuff_edge_radius);

	}

// create side 1 hinge
	translate([cuff_middle_d/2, 0, 0])
	difference() {
		hinge (side = 1);
		hinge_hole(side = 1);

	}
	translate([-cuff_middle_d/2, 0, 0])
		difference() {
			hinge (side = 1);
			hinge_hole(side = 1);
		}

}

module make_cuff_side_2 () {
	translate([0, +hinge_offset, 0]) {
		difference() {
			full_round_with_text();
			mask_half (side=2);
			if (emboss_or_engrave==3)
				holes();
		}

		if (emboss_or_engrave==0) { // emboss
			translate ([0,0,font_height/4]) {

				rotate (a=180,v=[0,0,1])
					writecylinder(inscription2,[0,0,0],cuff_outside_d/2,0,rotate=0,font=font,
						t=font_depth,h=font_height,center=true);
			}
		}

		if (emboss_or_engrave==2) //
			studs(side=2);

		translate([cuff_middle_d/2, cuff_edge_radius, 0])
			rounded_cube([cuff_wall,cuff_edge_radius*2,cuff_width], radius=cuff_edge_radius);

		translate([-cuff_middle_d/2, cuff_edge_radius, 0])
			rounded_cube([cuff_wall,cuff_edge_radius*2,cuff_width], radius=cuff_edge_radius);

// create attachement point
			attachment_point ();

	}

// create side 2 hinge
	translate([cuff_middle_d/2, 0, 0])
	difference() {
		hinge (side = 2);
		hinge_hole(side = 2);
	}

	translate([-cuff_middle_d/2, 0, 0])
	difference() {
		hinge (side = 2);
		hinge_hole(side = 2);
	}

}

module mask_half (side=1) {
	if (side == 1) {
		translate([0, (cuff_outside_d/2+fudge+cuff_edge_radius*2)/2 - cuff_edge_radius, 0])
			cube([cuff_outside_d+fudge,
					cuff_outside_d/2+fudge+cuff_edge_radius*2,
					cuff_width+fudge], center=true);
	} else {

		translate([0, -((cuff_outside_d/2+fudge+cuff_edge_radius*2)/2 - cuff_edge_radius), 0])
			cube([cuff_outside_d+fudge,
					cuff_outside_d/2+fudge+cuff_edge_radius*2,
					cuff_width+fudge], center=true);

	}

}

module full_round_cuff () {

	cuff_radius_x_offset = cuff_wall/2-cuff_edge_radius;
	cuff_radius_y_offset = cuff_width/2-cuff_edge_radius;

		rotate_extrude(convexity = 10, $fn = 50)
			translate([cuff_middle_d/2+cuff_radius_x_offset, cuff_radius_y_offset, 0])
				circle(r = cuff_edge_radius, $fn = 50);
		rotate_extrude(convexity = 10, $fn = 50)
			translate([cuff_middle_d/2-cuff_radius_x_offset, cuff_radius_y_offset, 0])
				circle(r = cuff_edge_radius, $fn = 50);

		rotate_extrude(convexity = 10, $fn = 50)
			translate([cuff_middle_d/2+cuff_radius_x_offset, -cuff_radius_y_offset, 0])
				circle(r = cuff_edge_radius, $fn = 50);

		rotate_extrude(convexity = 10, $fn = 50)
			translate([cuff_middle_d/2-cuff_radius_x_offset, -cuff_radius_y_offset, 0])
				circle(r = cuff_edge_radius, $fn = 50);
		rotate_extrude(convexity = 10, $fn = 50)
			translate([cuff_middle_d/2, 0, 0])
				square ([cuff_wall,cuff_width-cuff_edge_radius*2],center = true);

		rotate_extrude(convexity = 10, $fn = 50)
			translate([cuff_middle_d/2, 0, 0])
				square ([cuff_wall-cuff_edge_radius*2,cuff_width],center = true);

}

module full_round_with_text() {
	difference() {
		full_round_cuff();

		// engraving
		if (emboss_or_engrave==1) {
			translate ([0,0,font_height/4]) {
				writecylinder(inscription1,[0,0,0],cuff_outside_d/2,0,rotate=0,font=font,
					t=font_depth*2,h=font_height,center=true);

				rotate (a=180,v=[0,0,1])
					writecylinder(inscription2,[0,0,0],cuff_outside_d/2,0,rotate=0,font=font,
						t=font_depth*2,h=font_height,center=true);
			}
		}
	}

//embossing
		*if (emboss_or_engrave==0) {
			translate ([0,0,font_height/4]) {
				writecylinder(inscription1,[0,0,0],cuff_outside_d/2,0,rotate=0,font=font,
					t=font_depth,h=font_height,center=true);

				rotate (a=180,v=[0,0,1])
					writecylinder(inscription2,[0,0,0],cuff_outside_d/2,0,rotate=0,font=font,
						t=font_depth,h=font_height,center=true);
			}
		}

}

```