[User]
Okay, I'm trying to design a universal charging dock for Android phones that use pogo pins, and I want to make it parametric so I can easily adjust it for different phones and cases. I've already started with a basic design, but I need help making it more flexible and user-friendly.

My current design, which I've provided as `NG_stand_V4.scad`, uses the `MCAD/boxes.scad` library and a custom library `multicutdemo.scad` that contains some puzzle cuts. I've got a basic rectangular base with rounded corners, some cylindrical feet, slots for adjustment, and holes for the pogo pins and screws. I've also added a bit where it cuts a puzzle piece so it can be attached to another dock or device.

Here's a breakdown of the design and the parameters I'm using:

**Base Plate:**

*   **`pX` (Plate Length):** Adjustable length of the base plate. Currently 170mm.
*   **`pY` (Plate Width):** Adjustable width of the base plate. Currently 80mm.
*   **`pZ` (Plate Thickness):** Adjustable thickness of the base plate. Currently 5mm.

**Feet:**

*   **`feetDia` (Feet Diameter):** Diameter of the cylindrical feet. Currently 6mm.
*   **`feetLen` (Feet Length):** Length of the cylindrical feet. Currently 20mm.

**Slots:**

*   **`slotLen` (Slot Length):** Length of the adjustment slots. Currently 20mm.
*   **`slotWidth` (Slot Width):** Width of the adjustment slots. Currently 3.5mm. These slots are meant to help secure a phone on the stand by using puzzle pieces to press the phone against the pins.

**Pogo Pin Holes:**

*   **`pinX` (Pin Hole Length):** Length of the rectangular pogo pin hole area. Currently 15mm.
*   **`pinY` (Pin Hole Width):** Width of the rectangular pogo pin hole area. Currently 8mm.
*   **`offset` (Pin Offset):** Offset of the pin hole area from the center. Currently -18.5mm.

**Counter Sunk Screw Holes:**

*   **`dia` (Screw Head Diameter):** Diameter of the screw head countersink. Currently 5.8mm.
*   **`headHt` (Head Height):** Height of the screw head countersink. Currently 2mm.
*   **`threadDia` (Thread Diameter):** Diameter of the screw thread hole. Currently 3.2mm.

**Puzzle Cuts:**

*   I've defined variables `yCut1`, `yCut2`, `yCut3`, and `kerf` to implement some puzzle cut shapes and to allow for kerf compensation. The idea here is that these pieces can be used to extend the stand, or to attach other devices.

**Here's what I would like the new design to have:**

1.  **Parametric Adjustments:**
    *   The base plate, feet, slots, and pogo pin holes should all be easily adjustable by changing parameters. This is already in place, but ensure this functionality is maintained.
    *   I want to be able to set where the slots start, so that I can make them shorter or longer, and move them further from the side of the base.
    *   I need to be able to set the number of pogo-pin hole arrays and their spacing.
2.  **Improved Slot Design:**
    *   The slots are currently just rectangular cuts. I'd like to explore having the slot shape customizable, maybe using a spline curve or some other shape instead of just a rectangle.
    *   The position of the slot cut should be a parameter, and the length of the slot cut should also be a parameter
3.  **Puzzle Pieces:**
    *   I'd like more control of the parameters on the puzzle cut. Specifically, the height (Z) offset, the X and Y offset for the cut, the number of fingers and the shape of each individual finger.
4.  **Clean Code:**
    *   The code is a little disorganized, so I'd like it cleaned up and made more modular.
    *   Comments should be used to explain the code and parameters.
    *   Parameters should have ranges defined, so users know what ranges to use when modifying.
5.  **Optional Mounting Holes:**
    *   I'd like to add the option for mounting holes on the base plate so that the dock can be fixed to a table or other surface. These should be customizable in terms of position, number and type (e.g. through hole, countersunk).

Essentially, I'm trying to move from a relatively static design to a truly dynamic, customizable, and user-friendly one. Can you help me design a parametric OpenSCAD file that addresses these points?

[Assistant]
NG_stand_V4.scad:
```
include  <MCAD/boxes.scad>
include </Users/aaronciuffo/Documents/Hobby/OpenScad/libraries/puzzlecutlib/multicutdemo.scad>

/*
Nexus Galaxy dock with multiple puzzle cuts
V3.2
*/

/* [Plate Dimensions] */
//Plate Length
pX=170; //[140:200]
//Plate Width
pY=80; //[50:100]
//Plate Thickness
pZ=5; //[5:10]

/* [Feet Dimensions] */
//Feet Diameter
feetDia=6; //[6:20]
//Feet Length
feetLen=20; //[15:30]

/* [Slot Dimensions] */
//Slot Length
slotLen=20; //[15:35]
//Slot Width
slotWidth=3.5;

/* [Pogo Pin Hole] */
//Pogo Pin Hole - Length
pinX=15; //[10:20]
//Pogo Pin Hole - Width
pinY=8; //[5:10]
//Pogo Pin Offset from center
offset=-18.5;

/* [Counter Sunk Holes] */
//Screw Head Diameter
dia=5.8;
//Head Height
headHt=2;
//Thread diameter
threadDia=3.2;

/* [Hidden] */
//ignore this variable!
plateDim=[pX,pY,pZ]; //Plate Dimensions
//ignore this variable!
pinHole=[pinX,pinY,pZ*2]; //stamp to cut the pin hole

module drawBase(plate){
  //corner round radius
  corner=5;
  roundedBox(plate,corner,sidesonly=1);
}

module drawFeet(plate,feetDia,feetLen){
  feetRad=.5*feetDia;
  //set the z length of the legs
  z=-((feetLen/2)+(plate[2]/2));
  //front left
  cornerA=[-((plate[0]/2)-feetDia),-((plate[1]/2)-feetDia),z];
  //back left
  cornerB=[-((plate[0]/2)-feetDia),((plate[1]/2)-feetDia),z];
  //back right
  cornerC=[((plate[0]/2)-feetDia),((plate[1]/2)-feetDia),z];
  //front right
  cornerD=[((plate[0]/2)-feetDia),-((plate[1]/2)-feetDia),z];

  translate(cornerA) cylinder(r=feetRad,h=feetLen,center=true, $fn=20);
  translate(cornerB) cylinder(r=feetRad,h=feetLen,center=true, $fn=20);
  translate(cornerC) cylinder(r=feetRad,h=feetLen,center=true, $fn=20);
  translate(cornerD) cylinder(r=feetRad,h=feetLen,center=true, $fn=20);
}

module cutXSlot(slotWidth,slotLen,plate){
  union(){
    translate([-slotLen/2,0,0]) cylinder(r=slotWidth/2,h=plate[2]+1, center=true, $fn=20);
    translate([slotLen/2,0,0]) cylinder(r=(slotWidth/2),h=plate[2]+1, center=true, $fn=20);
    cube([slotLen,slotWidth,plate[2]+1],center=true);
  }
}

module cutYSlot(slotWidth,slotLen,plate){
  union ()
  {
    translate([0,slotLen/2,0]) cylinder(r=slotWidth/2,h=plate[2]+1, center=true, $fn=20);
    translate([0,-slotLen/2,0]) cylinder(r=(slotWidth/2),h=plate[2]+1, center=true, $fn=20);
    cube([slotWidth,slotLen,plate[2]+1],center=true);
  }
}

module csHole (){
  translate([0,0,(pZ/2)-(headHt+.6)]) union(){
    cylinder(r2=dia/2,r1=threadDia/2,h=headHt, $fn=24);
    translate([0,0,-20]) cylinder(r=threadDia/2,h=50, $fn=24);
    translate([0,0,headHt-0.001]) cylinder(r=dia/2, h=10, $fn=24);
  }
}

module cutPinHole(pinHole,offset){
  translate([offset,0,0])cube(pinHole,center=true);
  translate([(pinX/2)+10+offset,(pinY/2)+4])csHole();
  translate([(pinX/2)+10+offset,-((pinY/2)+4)])csHole();
  translate([-((pinX/2)+10-offset),(pinY/2)+4])csHole();
  translate([-((pinX/2)+10-offset),-((pinY/2)+4)])csHole();

}

//draw the complte dock
module drawDock(){
  difference(){
    //join the feet to the plate
    union(){
      drawBase(plateDim);
      drawFeet(plateDim,feetDia,feetLen);
    }
    //make cuts
    //cut right and left X slot
    //translate the slots to the edge of the plate plus 9mm to keep on plate
    translate([(plateDim[0]/2)-((.5*slotLen)+9),0,0]) cutXSlot(slotWidth,slotLen,plateDim);
    translate([-((plateDim[0]/2)-((.5*slotLen)+9)),0,0]) cutXSlot(slotWidth,slotLen,plateDim);
    //cut right and left Y slot
    //translate the slots to the end of the X slots (plus 9mm)
    translate([(plateDim[0]/2)-slotLen-9,0,0]) cutYSlot(slotWidth,slotLen+15,plateDim);
    translate([-((plateDim[0]/2)-slotLen-9),0,0]) cutYSlot(slotWidth,slotLen+15,plateDim);

    //cut a hole for the pogo pins
    cutPinHole(pinHole,offset);
    }
}

module dock(){
  rotate([0,180,0]) translate([0,0,-plateDim[2]/2]) drawDock();
}
cutSize = 10; //size of cut

yCut1=[-25,0,25];
yCut2=yCut1;
yCut3=yCut1;

kerf=-0.1;

module yCuts() {
//yMaleCut(offset = -47, cut = yCut1) dock();

//yFemaleCut(offset = -47, cut = yCut1) yMaleCut(offset = 20, cut = yCut1) dock();

yFemaleCut(offset = 20, cut = yCut1) dock();
}

yCuts();

//dock();

```


[User]
Okay, I'm looking to design a custom ring and I'd like to use OpenSCAD to do it. I found this script online, "Ring_band_creation_script_v1.4-UK.scad," and it's almost exactly what I want but it's missing a few key things. I want the design to be entirely parametric and flexible, like the original but with these enhancements.

Here's what I need:

**Core Functionality (From the Existing Script):**

*   **Ring Size:** I need to be able to specify the ring size using UK/Ireland/Australia/New Zealand sizing (the `ring_size_uk_ie_aus_nz` variable in the script). The script already includes the conversion to internal diameter, so that needs to be maintained.
*   **Ring Band Dimensions:**  I need to set the band's width (`main_depth`), wall thickness (`main_wall`), and a "feature" variable (`main_feature`) that changes depending on the selected cross section.
*   **Cross-Section Shapes:**  The script offers a bunch of pre-defined cross-section shapes (like `cs_pill`, `cs_ellipse`, `cs_rectangle`, etc.), and I want all of those to remain. I need to be able to choose from this list: `cs_ellipse`, `cs_rectangle`, `cs_pill`, `cs_hemi_ellipse`, `cs_scallopped_rectangle`, `cs_rounded_scallopped_rectangle`, `cs_rounded_hemi_ellipse`, `cs_rounded_rectangle`, `cs_chamfered_rectangle`, `cs_half_pill`, `cs_reverse_hemi_ellipse`, `cs_reverse_rounded_hemi_ellipse`, `cs_half_chamfered_rectangle`, `cs_ellipse_intersection`, `cs_rounded_ellipse_intersection`.
*   **Text:** The script currently supports adding text, I need this functionality, it needs to allow me to enable/disable the text (`text_enabled`), choose between engraved or raised text (`text_engraved`), specify whether the text is on the inside or outside of the ring (`text_inside`), set the text itself (`text_itself`), the letter height (`text_height`), the depth of engraving or raising (`text_depth`), the spacing between letters (`text_spacing`) and the font (`text_font`). The text needs to wrap around the ring, and I should be able to use the included "write.scad" library (so it's a dependency).

**Enhancements I Need:**

1.  **Customizable Chamfers:** I need a more flexible chamfering option. Instead of the fixed `cs_chamfered_rectangle`, I'd like to be able to specify a chamfer angle and a chamfer size for *any* rectangular based cross-section. This should be applied to both the inner and outer edges of the cross section. It should also be applicable to only the inner or outer edge of the ring. If it could also be applied to non-rectangular cross sections that would be even better!

2.  **Customizable Fillets:** Similar to the chamfer, I need the option to apply fillets (rounded edges) with a specified radius to both the inner and outer edges of *any* cross section (if possible), or at least the rectangular ones. These can also be inner, outer, or both edges.

3.  **Variable Wall Angle:** It would be great to have a parameter to allow the wall of the ring to be angled. Instead of always being perpendicular to the ring's circular axis, I'd like to specify an angle for the wall, which means the profile wouldn't be extruded straight up, but at an angle.

4.  **Customizable Cross Section:**  The biggest thing I would like is the ability to define my *own* cross section by specifying a list of 2D coordinates (X,Y). This would give me the ultimate flexibility in ring profile creation. The script has all the right functions for doing the extrude, so that should still work.

**General Requirements:**

*   **Parametric:** Everything should be parametric and customizable via variables at the top of the file.
*   **Comments:** Include clear comments explaining each parameter and section.
*   **Modularity:** The code should be organized into modules to improve readability and maintainability, like the original script.
*   **Libraries:** Make sure the script uses the "write.scad" library that was used in the original script, as I still need the font and text wrapping support that it provides. I don't want to include any other libraries.

So, in short, I'm looking for an enhanced version of "Ring_band_creation_script_v1.4-UK.scad" that includes the chamfer and fillet enhancements, a wall angle parameter, and the ability to specify a custom cross section using a list of coordinates, whilst maintaining the current script's cross section choices, ring size input, and text capabilities.

[Assistant]
Ring_band_creation_script_v1.4-UK.scad:
```
/*!
@brief Ring Band creation script
@details This OpenSCAD script will generate a plain wedding band style ring.
Most parameters are user selectable such as the ring profile shapes.
This would be ideal as the basis for a wedding ring...

@author Mark Gaffney
@version 1.4
@date 2013-03-19

@todo
Implement texturing
Implement hallmarking

@warning
Let the right one in

@note
Changes from previous versions:
1.4
 - 	added ellipse_intersection.scad code for 2 new cross section shapes (cs_ellipse_intersection & cs_rounded_ellipse_intersection)
 - 	added support for write.scad on inside or outside of ring, engraved or raised
1.3
 - 	Xxxxx's wedding ring version (no stone, no mount)
1.2
 - 	Made higher resolution shapes by increasing rotate extrude $fn from 50 to 100 and shape $fn from 20 to 40
 - 	Implemented half chamfered rectangle
1.1
 - 	Fixed issue whereby rounded rectangle shape CS appeared slightly translated in Y direction
1.0
 - 	First version based on Ring_band_creation_script_v0.10.scad
 - 	Added more cross sections (cs_half_pill, cs_reverse_hemi_ellipse, cs_reverse_rounded_hemi_ellipse)

*/
//******Fixed*Variables*******

//*************includes********
use <write/Write.scad>//http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:16193  writecylinder("Text on Cylinder",[translatex,translatey,translatez],cylinderr=20,cylinderh=40,rotate=45,center=true)
//include <write/Write.scad>//http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:16193  writecylinder("Text on Cylinder",[translatex,translatey,translatez],cylinderr=20,cylinderh=40,rotate=45,center=true)

//*******User*Variables*******

/* [Size] */ //choose ring size
//Enter UK, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand ring size
ring_size_uk_ie_aus_nz=12.5;//[1:A, 1.5:A½, 2:B, 2.5:B½, 3:C, 3.5:C½, 4:D, 4.5:D½, 5:E, 5.5:E½, 6:F, 6.5:F½, 7:G, 7.5:G½, 8:H, 8.5:H½, 9:I, 10:J, 10.5:J½, 11:K, 11.5:K½, 12:L, 12.5:L½, 13:M, 13.5:M½, 14:N, 14.5:N½, 15:O, 15.5:O½, 16:P, 16.5:P½, 17:Q, 17.5:Q½, 18:R, 18.5:R½, 19:S, 19.5:S½, 20:T, 20.5:T½, 21:U, 21.5:U½, 22:V, 22.5:V½, 23:W, 23.5:W½, 24:X, 24.5:X½, 25:Y, 26:Z]
//difference between ring inner and outer radius [mm] (1 to 5)
main_wall=2;
//how wide the band of the ring is [mm] (1 to 10)
main_depth=4.34;
//this is the 3rd variable for the cross section, not used in some cross section shapes, read the instructions, OpenSCAD code or play around to figure out how/if it affects your ring
main_feature=0.2;

	main_internal_diameter=(ring_size_uk_ie_aus_nz+29.549)/2.5352;//(UK, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand size to mm ID)

/* [Cross Section] */ //Choose cross section shape for ring band, set one of these lines to 1 the rest to 0 to choose the cross section for the ring band
//Choose cross section shape
cs_shape="cs_half_pill";//"cs_rounded_ellipse_intersection";//[cs_ellipse, cs_rectangle, cs_pill, cs_hemi_ellipse, cs_scallopped_rectangle, cs_rounded_scallopped_rectangle, cs_rounded_hemi_ellipse, cs_rounded_rectangle, cs_chamfered_rectangle, cs_half_pill, cs_reverse_hemi_ellipse, cs_reverse_rounded_hemi_ellipse, cs_half_chamfered_rectangle, cs_ellipse_intersection, cs_rounded_ellipse_intersection]

/* [Text] */ //Choose to add text
//Do you want to add text?
text_enabled="false";//[true, false]
//Engraved or raised text?
text_engraved="true";//[true:engraved, false:raised]
//Where would you like the text?
text_inside="true";//[true:inside, false:outside]
//What do you want the text to say?
text_itself="Your Text Here";
//Height of each letter
text_height=2;
//Depth of engraved/raised letters
text_depth=1;
//Spacing between adjacent letters
text_spacing=1.1;
//Text Font
text_font="write/orbitron.dxf";//[write/Letters.dxf:Letter, write/orbitron.dxf:Orbitron, write/BlackRose.dxf:BlackRose, write/braille.dxf:Braille]

/* [Hidden] */
//how smooth and round is it? Bigger numbers mean smoother shapes but take a lot longer to render!
smoothness=20;
//choose colo(u)rs //colour of the metal in Red, Green, Blue, Opacity where the values can be anything from 0-1
colour_RGBA_metal=[0.65,0.65,0.65,1];
//something I use to help ensure manifoldness etc. do not change please!
a_bit=0.01*1;//[0.01]
$fn=smoothness*1;

//********User*Feedback****

echo("main_internal_diameter ", main_internal_diameter);

//**********Calls************

if (text_enabled=="true"){
	if (text_engraved=="true"){
		difference(){
			color(colour_RGBA_metal) ring_shape(main_internal_diameter, main_depth, main_wall, main_feature);
			ring_engraving(main_internal_diameter, main_wall, main_depth, text_inside, text_itself, text_height, text_depth, text_spacing);
		}
	}else{
		union(){//implies text is raised and has to be unioned
			color(colour_RGBA_metal) ring_shape(main_internal_diameter, main_depth, main_wall, main_feature);
			ring_engraving(main_internal_diameter, main_wall, main_depth, text_inside, text_itself, text_height, text_depth, text_spacing);
		}
	}
	//ring_compartment();
}else{//we don;t have text just make the ring itself
	color(colour_RGBA_metal) ring_shape(main_internal_diameter, main_depth, main_wall, main_feature);
}
//*******Modules************

module ring_engraving(internal_diameter=20, wall=5, depth=5, text_inside=false, text_itself="Some Text", text_height, text_depth=1, text_spacing=1.2, text_font="write/orbitron.dxf"){
	internal_radius=internal_diameter/2;
	external_radius=(internal_diameter/2)+wall;
	if (text_inside=="true"){
		mirror(1,0,0)rotate(a=[0,0,180])writecylinder(text_itself,[0,0,-depth/2],internal_radius,depth,rotate=0,t=text_depth,h=text_height,space=text_spacing,font=text_font);
	}else{
		writecylinder(text_itself,[0,0,-depth/2],external_radius,depth,rotate=0,t=text_depth,h=text_height,space=text_spacing,font=text_font);
	}
}

module ring_shape(ring_internal_diameter, ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature){
	rotate_extrude (convexity = 20) translate([(ring_internal_diameter)/2, 0, 0]){
		if(cs_shape=="cs_pill"){
			echo("Pill Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall);
			pill_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_ellipse"){
			echo("Ellipse Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall);
			ellipse_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_hemi_ellipse"){
			echo("Hemi Ellipse Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall);
			hemi_ellipse_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_rounded_hemi_ellipse"){
			echo("Rounded Hemi Ellipse Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall,"feature", ring_feature);
			rounded_hemi_ellipse_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_rectangle"){
			echo("Rectangle Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall);
			rectangle_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_scallopped_rectangle"){
			echo("Scallopped Rectangle Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall,"feature", ring_feature);
			scallopped_rectangle_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_rounded_scallopped_rectangle"){
			echo("Rounded Scallopped Rectangle Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall,"feature", ring_feature);
			rounded_scallopped_rectangle_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_rounded_rectangle"){
			echo("Rounded Rectangle Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall,"feature", ring_feature);
			rounded_rectangle_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_chamfered_rectangle"){
			echo("Chamfered Rectangle Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall,"feature", ring_feature);
			chamfered_rectangle_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_half_pill"){
			echo("Half Pill Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall);
			half_pill_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_reverse_hemi_ellipse"){
			echo("Reverse Hemi Ellipse Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall);
			translate (v=[ring_wall,0,0]) rotate(a=[0,0,180]) hemi_ellipse_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_reverse_rounded_hemi_ellipse"){
		echo("Reverse Rounded Hemi Ellipse Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall", ring_wall, "feature", ring_feature);
			translate (v=[ring_wall,0,0]) rotate(a=[0,0,180]) rounded_hemi_ellipse_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_half_chamfered_rectangle"){
			echo("Chamfered Rectangle Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall,"feature", ring_feature);
			half_chamfered_rectangle_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall+(sin(45)*ring_feature), ring_feature);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_ellipse_intersection"){
			echo("Ellipse Intercestion Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall,"feature", ring_feature);
			ellipse_intersection_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_rounded_ellipse_intersection"){
			echo("Rounded Ellipse Intercestion Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall,"feature", ring_feature);
			rounded_ellipse_intersection_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature);
		}

//	cs_half_chamfered_rectangle=0;//not yet implemented

	}
}

//************Ring_Cross_Setion_Modules**************

module pill_shape (pill_l, pill_b){
	translate(v=[pill_b/2,0,0]){
		translate (v=[0,-(pill_l-pill_b)/2,0]) circle (r=pill_b/2, center=true);
		square (size=[pill_b, pill_l-pill_b], center=true);
		translate (v=[0,(pill_l-pill_b)/2,0]) circle(r=pill_b/2, center=true);
	}
}

module ellipse_shape (ellipse_x, ellipse_y){
	translate(v=[ellipse_y/2,0,0]) scale(v=[ellipse_y,ellipse_x]) circle(r=0.5,$fn=40, center=true);
}
module hemi_ellipse_shape(hemi_ellipse_x,hemi_ellipse_y){
	scale(v=[2*hemi_ellipse_y,hemi_ellipse_x]) difference () {
		circle(r=0.5,$fn=40, center=true);
		translate (v=[-1.5,0,0]) square (size=3, center=true);
	}
}
module rectangle_shape (rectangle_x, rectangle_y){
	translate(v=[rectangle_y/2,0,0]) square(size=[rectangle_y, rectangle_x], center=true);
}

module scallopped_rectangle_shape (scallopped_rectangle_y, scallopped_rectangle_x, scallopped_rectangle_z){
	difference (){
		rectangle_shape (scallopped_rectangle_y, scallopped_rectangle_x);
		translate(v=[scallopped_rectangle_x,0,0]) rotate(a=[0,0,180]) hemi_ellipse_shape(scallopped_rectangle_y,scallopped_rectangle_z);
	}
}

module rounded_scallopped_rectangle_shape (rounded_scallopped_rectangle_y, rounded_scallopped_rectangle_x, rounded_scallopped_rectangle_z){
	minkowski(){
		translate(v=[rounded_scallopped_rectangle_z,0,0]) difference (){
			rectangle_shape (rounded_scallopped_rectangle_y-2*rounded_scallopped_rectangle_z, rounded_scallopped_rectangle_x-2*rounded_scallopped_rectangle_z);
			translate(v=[rounded_scallopped_rectangle_x-2*rounded_scallopped_rectangle_z,0,0]) rotate(a=[0,0,180]) hemi_ellipse_shape(rounded_scallopped_rectangle_y-2*rounded_scallopped_rectangle_z,rounded_scallopped_rectangle_z);
		}
	circle(r=rounded_scallopped_rectangle_z, $fn=40);
	}
}

module rounded_hemi_ellipse_shape(rounded_ellipse_x, rounded_ellipse_y, rounded_ellipse_z){
	translate(v=[rounded_ellipse_z,0,0]){
		minkowski(){
			hemi_ellipse_shape(rounded_ellipse_x-2*rounded_ellipse_z,rounded_ellipse_y-2*rounded_ellipse_z);
			circle(r=rounded_ellipse_z, $fn=40);
		}
	}
}

module rounded_rectangle_shape(rounded_rectangle_y, rounded_rectangle_x, rounded_rectangle_z){
	translate(v=[rounded_rectangle_x/2,0,0]){
		minkowski(){
			square(size=[rounded_rectangle_x-2*rounded_rectangle_z,rounded_rectangle_y-2*rounded_rectangle_z], center=true);
			circle(r=rounded_rectangle_z, $fn=40);
		}
	}
}

module chamfered_rectangle_shape(chamfered_rectangle_y, chamfered_rectangle_x, chamfered_rectangle_z){
	translate(v=[chamfered_rectangle_x/2,-sin(45)*chamfered_rectangle_z,0]){
		minkowski(){
			square(size=[chamfered_rectangle_x-2*sin(45)*chamfered_rectangle_z,chamfered_rectangle_y-2*sin(45)*chamfered_rectangle_z],center=true);
			rotate (a=[0,0,45]) square (size=chamfered_rectangle_z);
		}
	}
}

module half_chamfered_rectangle_shape(half_chamfered_rectangle_y, half_chamfered_rectangle_x, half_chamfered_rectangle_z){
	translate(v=[-sin(45)*half_chamfered_rectangle_z,0,0]){
		difference(){
			chamfered_rectangle_shape (half_chamfered_rectangle_y, half_chamfered_rectangle_x+(sin(45)*half_chamfered_rectangle_z), half_chamfered_rectangle_z);
			//translate(v=[+sin(45)*half_chamfered_rectangle_z/2,0,0]) rectangle_shape (half_chamfered_rectangle_y+0.1, (sin(45)*half_chamfered_rectangle_z));
			translate(v=[(-0.1+sin(45)*half_chamfered_rectangle_z)/2,0,0]) square (size=[(sin(45)*half_chamfered_rectangle_z + 0.1),half_chamfered_rectangle_y+0.1], center=true);
		}
	}
}
module half_pill_shape (pill_l, pill_b){
	translate(v=[-pill_b,0,0]) difference (){
		pill_shape(pill_l,2*pill_b);
		square (size=[2*pill_b,pill_l], center=true);
	}
}

module ellipse_intersection_shape (ellipse_inter_x, ellipse_inter_y, ellipse_inter_z,rounding_rad_m=0){
	band_width_m = ellipse_inter_x;
	band_depth_m = ellipse_inter_y;
	inner_depth_ratio_m = ellipse_inter_z;
	//else{//default aligns (0,0) with the line separating the 2 sides determiend by inner_depth_ratio
	//echo("band_width_m, band_depth_m, inner_depth_ratio_m",band_width_m, band_depth_m, inner_depth_ratio_m);
	inner_height_m=(band_depth_m)*inner_depth_ratio_m;
	outer_height_m=(band_depth_m)-inner_height_m;

	inner_rad_m=(inner_height_m/2) + (band_width_m)*(band_width_m)/(8*inner_height_m);
	outer_rad_m=(outer_height_m/2) + (band_width_m)*(band_width_m)/(8*outer_height_m);
	//echo("herp inner_depth_ratio_m",inner_depth_ratio_m);

	//inner surface centred
	//echo("inner centred");
	rotate(a=-90)translate(v=[0, (band_depth_m)*inner_depth_ratio_m ]) intersection(){//translate(v=[0, (band_depth_m-2*rounding_rad_m)*inner_depth_ratio_m+rounding_rad_m ]) intersection(){
		translate(v=[0,inner_rad_m-inner_height_m]) circle(r=inner_rad_m);
		translate(v=[0,-(outer_rad_m-outer_height_m)]) circle(r=outer_rad_m);
	}
}

module rounded_ellipse_intersection_shape (rounded_ellipse_inter_x, rounded_ellipse_inter_y, rounded_ellipse_inter_z,rounded_rounding_rad_l=0.5){
	band_width_l = rounded_ellipse_inter_x;
	band_depth_l = rounded_ellipse_inter_y;
	inner_depth_ratio_l = rounded_ellipse_inter_z;
	minkowski(){
		//echo("rounded_rounding_rad_l r=",rounded_rounding_rad_l);
		circle(r=rounded_rounding_rad_l);
		translate(v=[rounded_rounding_rad_l,0])ellipse_intersection_shape (rounded_ellipse_inter_x-2*rounded_rounding_rad_l, rounded_ellipse_inter_y-2*rounded_rounding_rad_l, rounded_ellipse_inter_z,rounded_rounding_rad_l);
	}
}
```


[User]
Okay, I'm looking for an OpenSCAD script to generate custom ring bands, specifically wedding band style rings. I want a lot of control over the ring's shape and the ability to add text.

Here's what I need:

**Ring Sizing:**

*   I need to be able to specify the ring size using the Swiss numerical ring sizing system. I need a parameter called `ring_size_switz`.
*   The script needs to calculate the internal diameter (`main_internal_diameter`) based on the provided Swiss size, using the formula `(ring_size_switz+39.561)/3.1314`.
*   I also need parameters to control the ring's wall thickness (`main_wall`) and band width or depth (`main_depth`).
*   There's also a `main_feature` parameter that's used differently by the different cross-section shapes - I'll need to be able to set that.

**Ring Profile (Cross-Section Shape):**

*   I need to be able to select from a variety of pre-defined cross-section shapes using a string variable called `cs_shape`.
*   The options for the `cs_shape` variable should be:
    *   `cs_ellipse`
    *   `cs_rectangle`
    *   `cs_pill`
    *   `cs_hemi_ellipse`
    *   `cs_scallopped_rectangle`
    *   `cs_rounded_scallopped_rectangle`
    *   `cs_rounded_hemi_ellipse`
    *   `cs_rounded_rectangle`
    *   `cs_chamfered_rectangle`
    *   `cs_half_pill`
    *   `cs_reverse_hemi_ellipse`
    *   `cs_reverse_rounded_hemi_ellipse`
    *   `cs_half_chamfered_rectangle`
    *   `cs_ellipse_intersection`
    *   `cs_rounded_ellipse_intersection`
*   I need all these shapes defined in modules.

**Text Engraving:**

*   I need to be able to enable or disable text using a boolean variable called `text_enabled`.
*   I need to control whether the text is engraved or raised using a boolean called `text_engraved`.
*   I need to be able to choose whether the text is on the inside or outside of the ring using a boolean called `text_inside`.
*   I need a string variable `text_itself` to specify the text.
*   I need parameters to control `text_height` for the letter height, `text_depth` for the depth of engraving or raising, and `text_spacing` between letters.
*   I want to be able to choose the font via `text_font` and use files like:  `write\orbitron.dxf`, `write\Letters.dxf`, `write\BlackRose.dxf`, `write\braille.dxf`.

**Other:**

*   A `smoothness` parameter, where bigger numbers make smoother rings (but take longer to render).  This is used as a multiplier for `$fn`.
*   I want a parameter to control the ring's colour called `colour_RGBA_metal` as a RGBA vector with values between 0-1.
*  There is a helper variable called `a_bit` that I would like included and set to `0.01`. This is to help ensure manifoldness.
*   I need to include the `write.scad` library which you will find here: http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:16193 and use its `writecylinder` function.
*   I need to echo out to the console the calculated `main_internal_diameter`.
*  Please use `echo` to print out the parameters of the shape being used inside of the `ring_shape` module.

I think that covers everything. Let me know if you have any questions.

[Assistant]
Ring_band_creation_script_v1.4-SWISS.scad:
```
/*!
@brief Ring Band creation script
@details This OpenSCAD script will generate a plain wedding band style ring.
Most parameters are user selectable such as the ring profile shapes.
This would be ideal as the basis for a wedding ring...

@author Mark Gaffney
@version 1.4
@date 2013-03-19

@todo
Implement texturing
Implement hallmarking

@warning
Let the right one in

@note
Changes from previous versions:
1.4
 - 	added ellipse_intersection.scad code for 2 new cross section shapes (cs_ellipse_intersection & cs_rounded_ellipse_intersection)
 - 	added support for write.scad on inside or outside of ring, engraved or raised
1.3
 - 	Xxxxx's wedding ring version (no stone, no mount)
1.2
 - 	Made higher resolution shapes by increasing rotate extrude $fn from 50 to 100 and shape $fn from 20 to 40
 - 	Implemented half chamfered rectangle
1.1
 - 	Fixed issue whereby rounded rectangle shape CS appeared slightly translated in Y direction
1.0
 - 	First version based on Ring_band_creation_script_v0.10.scad
 - 	Added more cross sections (cs_half_pill, cs_reverse_hemi_ellipse, cs_reverse_rounded_hemi_ellipse)

*/
//******Fixed*Variables*******

//*************includes********
use <write/Write.scad>//http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:16193  writecylinder("Text on Cylinder",[translatex,translatey,translatez],cylinderr=20,cylinderh=40,rotate=45,center=true)
//include <write/Write.scad>//http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:16193  writecylinder("Text on Cylinder",[translatex,translatey,translatez],cylinderr=20,cylinderh=40,rotate=45,center=true)

//*******User*Variables*******

/* [Size] */ //choose ring size
//Enter Swiss numerical ring size
ring_size_switz=12.75;//[1.5, 2.75, 4, 5.25, 6.5, 7.75, 9, 10, 11.75, 12.75, 14, 15.25, 16.5, 17.75, 19, 20.25, 21.5, 22.75, 25, 27.5, 28.75]
//difference between ring inner and outer radius [mm] (1 to 5)
main_wall=2;
//how wide the band of the ring is [mm] (1 to 10)
main_depth=4.34;
//this is the 3rd variable for the cross section, not used in some cross section shapes, read the instructions, OpenSCAD code or play around to figure out how/if it affects your ring
main_feature=0.2;

	main_internal_diameter=(ring_size_switz+39.561)/3.1314;//(Swiss to mm ID)

/* [Cross Section] */ //Choose cross section shape for ring band, set one of these lines to 1 the rest to 0 to choose the cross section for the ring band
//Choose cross section shape
cs_shape="cs_half_pill";//"cs_rounded_ellipse_intersection";//[cs_ellipse, cs_rectangle, cs_pill, cs_hemi_ellipse, cs_scallopped_rectangle, cs_rounded_scallopped_rectangle, cs_rounded_hemi_ellipse, cs_rounded_rectangle, cs_chamfered_rectangle, cs_half_pill, cs_reverse_hemi_ellipse, cs_reverse_rounded_hemi_ellipse, cs_half_chamfered_rectangle, cs_ellipse_intersection, cs_rounded_ellipse_intersection]

/* [Text] */ //Choose to add text
//Do you want to add text?
text_enabled="false";//[true, false]
//Engraved or raised text?
text_engraved="true";//[true:engraved, false:raised]
//Where would you like the text?
text_inside="true";//[true:inside, false:outside]
//What do you want the text to say?
text_itself="Your Text Here";
//Height of each letter
text_height=2;
//Depth of engraved/raised letters
text_depth=1;
//Spacing between adjacent letters
text_spacing=1.1;
//Text Font
text_font="write\orbitron.dxf";//[write\Letters.dxf:Letter, write\orbitron.dxf:Orbitron, write\BlackRose.dxf:BlackRose, write\braille.dxf:Braille]

/* [Hidden] */
//how smooth and round is it? Bigger numbers mean smoother shapes but take a lot longer to render!
smoothness=20;
//choose colo(u)rs //colour of the metal in Red, Green, Blue, Opacity where the values can be anything from 0-1
colour_RGBA_metal=[0.65,0.65,0.65,1];
//something I use to help ensure manifoldness etc. do not change please!
a_bit=0.01*1;//[0.01]
$fn=smoothness*1;

//********User*Feedback****

echo("main_internal_diameter ", main_internal_diameter);

//**********Calls************

if (text_enabled=="true"){
	if (text_engraved=="true"){
		difference(){
			color(colour_RGBA_metal) ring_shape(main_internal_diameter, main_depth, main_wall, main_feature);
			ring_engraving(main_internal_diameter, main_wall, main_depth, text_inside, text_itself, text_height, text_depth, text_spacing);
		}
	}else{
		union(){//implies text is raised and has to be unioned
			color(colour_RGBA_metal) ring_shape(main_internal_diameter, main_depth, main_wall, main_feature);
			ring_engraving(main_internal_diameter, main_wall, main_depth, text_inside, text_itself, text_height, text_depth, text_spacing);
		}
	}
	//ring_compartment();
}else{//we don;t have text just make the ring itself
	color(colour_RGBA_metal) ring_shape(main_internal_diameter, main_depth, main_wall, main_feature);
}
//*******Modules************

module ring_engraving(internal_diameter=20, wall=5, depth=5, text_inside=false, text_itself="Some Text", text_height, text_depth=1, text_spacing=1.2, text_font="write/orbitron.dxf"){
	internal_radius=internal_diameter/2;
	external_radius=(internal_diameter/2)+wall;
	if (text_inside=="true"){
		mirror(1,0,0)rotate(a=[0,0,180])writecylinder(text_itself,[0,0,-depth/2],internal_radius,depth,rotate=0,t=text_depth,h=text_height,space=text_spacing,font=text_font);
	}else{
		writecylinder(text_itself,[0,0,-depth/2],external_radius,depth,rotate=0,t=text_depth,h=text_height,space=text_spacing,font=text_font);
	}
}

module ring_shape(ring_internal_diameter, ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature){
	rotate_extrude (convexity = 20) translate([(ring_internal_diameter)/2, 0, 0]){
		if(cs_shape=="cs_pill"){
			echo("Pill Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall);
			pill_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_ellipse"){
			echo("Ellipse Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall);
			ellipse_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_hemi_ellipse"){
			echo("Hemi Ellipse Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall);
			hemi_ellipse_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_rounded_hemi_ellipse"){
			echo("Rounded Hemi Ellipse Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall,"feature", ring_feature);
			rounded_hemi_ellipse_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_rectangle"){
			echo("Rectangle Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall);
			rectangle_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_scallopped_rectangle"){
			echo("Scallopped Rectangle Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall,"feature", ring_feature);
			scallopped_rectangle_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_rounded_scallopped_rectangle"){
			echo("Rounded Scallopped Rectangle Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall,"feature", ring_feature);
			rounded_scallopped_rectangle_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_rounded_rectangle"){
			echo("Rounded Rectangle Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall,"feature", ring_feature);
			rounded_rectangle_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_chamfered_rectangle"){
			echo("Chamfered Rectangle Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall,"feature", ring_feature);
			chamfered_rectangle_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_half_pill"){
			echo("Half Pill Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall);
			half_pill_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_reverse_hemi_ellipse"){
			echo("Reverse Hemi Ellipse Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall);
			translate (v=[ring_wall,0,0]) rotate(a=[0,0,180]) hemi_ellipse_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_reverse_rounded_hemi_ellipse"){
		echo("Reverse Rounded Hemi Ellipse Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall", ring_wall, "feature", ring_feature);
			translate (v=[ring_wall,0,0]) rotate(a=[0,0,180]) rounded_hemi_ellipse_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_half_chamfered_rectangle"){
			echo("Chamfered Rectangle Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall,"feature", ring_feature);
			half_chamfered_rectangle_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall+(sin(45)*ring_feature), ring_feature);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_ellipse_intersection"){
			echo("Ellipse Intercestion Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall,"feature", ring_feature);
			ellipse_intersection_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_rounded_ellipse_intersection"){
			echo("Rounded Ellipse Intercestion Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall,"feature", ring_feature);
			rounded_ellipse_intersection_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature);
		}

//	cs_half_chamfered_rectangle=0;//not yet implemented

	}
}

//************Ring_Cross_Setion_Modules**************

module pill_shape (pill_l, pill_b){
	translate(v=[pill_b/2,0,0]){
		translate (v=[0,-(pill_l-pill_b)/2,0]) circle (r=pill_b/2, center=true);
		square (size=[pill_b, pill_l-pill_b], center=true);
		translate (v=[0,(pill_l-pill_b)/2,0]) circle(r=pill_b/2, center=true);
	}
}

module ellipse_shape (ellipse_x, ellipse_y){
	translate(v=[ellipse_y/2,0,0]) scale(v=[ellipse_y,ellipse_x]) circle(r=0.5,$fn=40, center=true);
}
module hemi_ellipse_shape(hemi_ellipse_x,hemi_ellipse_y){
	scale(v=[2*hemi_ellipse_y,hemi_ellipse_x]) difference () {
		circle(r=0.5,$fn=40, center=true);
		translate (v=[-1.5,0,0]) square (size=3, center=true);
	}
}
module rectangle_shape (rectangle_x, rectangle_y){
	translate(v=[rectangle_y/2,0,0]) square(size=[rectangle_y, rectangle_x], center=true);
}

module scallopped_rectangle_shape (scallopped_rectangle_y, scallopped_rectangle_x, scallopped_rectangle_z){
	difference (){
		rectangle_shape (scallopped_rectangle_y, scallopped_rectangle_x);
		translate(v=[scallopped_rectangle_x,0,0]) rotate(a=[0,0,180]) hemi_ellipse_shape(scallopped_rectangle_y,scallopped_rectangle_z);
	}
}

module rounded_scallopped_rectangle_shape (rounded_scallopped_rectangle_y, rounded_scallopped_rectangle_x, rounded_scallopped_rectangle_z){
	minkowski(){
		translate(v=[rounded_scallopped_rectangle_z,0,0]) difference (){
			rectangle_shape (rounded_scallopped_rectangle_y-2*rounded_scallopped_rectangle_z, rounded_scallopped_rectangle_x-2*rounded_scallopped_rectangle_z);
			translate(v=[rounded_scallopped_rectangle_x-2*rounded_scallopped_rectangle_z,0,0]) rotate(a=[0,0,180]) hemi_ellipse_shape(rounded_scallopped_rectangle_y-2*rounded_scallopped_rectangle_z,rounded_scallopped_rectangle_z);
		}
	circle(r=rounded_scallopped_rectangle_z, $fn=40);
	}
}

module rounded_hemi_ellipse_shape(rounded_ellipse_x, rounded_ellipse_y, rounded_ellipse_z){
	translate(v=[rounded_ellipse_z,0,0]){
		minkowski(){
			hemi_ellipse_shape(rounded_ellipse_x-2*rounded_ellipse_z,rounded_ellipse_y-2*rounded_ellipse_z);
			circle(r=rounded_ellipse_z, $fn=40);
		}
	}
}

module rounded_rectangle_shape(rounded_rectangle_y, rounded_rectangle_x, rounded_rectangle_z){
	translate(v=[rounded_rectangle_x/2,0,0]){
		minkowski(){
			square(size=[rounded_rectangle_x-2*rounded_rectangle_z,rounded_rectangle_y-2*rounded_rectangle_z], center=true);
			circle(r=rounded_rectangle_z, $fn=40);
		}
	}
}

module chamfered_rectangle_shape(chamfered_rectangle_y, chamfered_rectangle_x, chamfered_rectangle_z){
	translate(v=[chamfered_rectangle_x/2,-sin(45)*chamfered_rectangle_z,0]){
		minkowski(){
			square(size=[chamfered_rectangle_x-2*sin(45)*chamfered_rectangle_z,chamfered_rectangle_y-2*sin(45)*chamfered_rectangle_z],center=true);
			rotate (a=[0,0,45]) square (size=chamfered_rectangle_z);
		}
	}
}

module half_chamfered_rectangle_shape(half_chamfered_rectangle_y, half_chamfered_rectangle_x, half_chamfered_rectangle_z){
	translate(v=[-sin(45)*half_chamfered_rectangle_z,0,0]){
		difference(){
			chamfered_rectangle_shape (half_chamfered_rectangle_y, half_chamfered_rectangle_x+(sin(45)*half_chamfered_rectangle_z), half_chamfered_rectangle_z);
			//translate(v=[+sin(45)*half_chamfered_rectangle_z/2,0,0]) rectangle_shape (half_chamfered_rectangle_y+0.1, (sin(45)*half_chamfered_rectangle_z));
			translate(v=[(-0.1+sin(45)*half_chamfered_rectangle_z)/2,0,0]) square (size=[(sin(45)*half_chamfered_rectangle_z + 0.1),half_chamfered_rectangle_y+0.1], center=true);
		}
	}
}
module half_pill_shape (pill_l, pill_b){
	translate(v=[-pill_b,0,0]) difference (){
		pill_shape(pill_l,2*pill_b);
		square (size=[2*pill_b,pill_l], center=true);
	}
}

module ellipse_intersection_shape (ellipse_inter_x, ellipse_inter_y, ellipse_inter_z,rounding_rad_m=0){
	band_width_m = ellipse_inter_x;
	band_depth_m = ellipse_inter_y;
	inner_depth_ratio_m = ellipse_inter_z;
	//else{//default aligns (0,0) with the line separating the 2 sides determiend by inner_depth_ratio
	//echo("band_width_m, band_depth_m, inner_depth_ratio_m",band_width_m, band_depth_m, inner_depth_ratio_m);
	inner_height_m=(band_depth_m)*inner_depth_ratio_m;
	outer_height_m=(band_depth_m)-inner_height_m;

	inner_rad_m=(inner_height_m/2) + (band_width_m)*(band_width_m)/(8*inner_height_m);
	outer_rad_m=(outer_height_m/2) + (band_width_m)*(band_width_m)/(8*outer_height_m);
	//echo("herp inner_depth_ratio_m",inner_depth_ratio_m);

	//inner surface centred
	//echo("inner centred");
	rotate(a=-90)translate(v=[0, (band_depth_m)*inner_depth_ratio_m ]) intersection(){//translate(v=[0, (band_depth_m-2*rounding_rad_m)*inner_depth_ratio_m+rounding_rad_m ]) intersection(){
		translate(v=[0,inner_rad_m-inner_height_m]) circle(r=inner_rad_m);
		translate(v=[0,-(outer_rad_m-outer_height_m)]) circle(r=outer_rad_m);
	}
}

module rounded_ellipse_intersection_shape (rounded_ellipse_inter_x, rounded_ellipse_inter_y, rounded_ellipse_inter_z,rounded_rounding_rad_l=0.5){
	band_width_l = rounded_ellipse_inter_x;
	band_depth_l = rounded_ellipse_inter_y;
	inner_depth_ratio_l = rounded_ellipse_inter_z;
	minkowski(){
		//echo("rounded_rounding_rad_l r=",rounded_rounding_rad_l);
		circle(r=rounded_rounding_rad_l);
		translate(v=[rounded_rounding_rad_l,0])ellipse_intersection_shape (rounded_ellipse_inter_x-2*rounded_rounding_rad_l, rounded_ellipse_inter_y-2*rounded_rounding_rad_l, rounded_ellipse_inter_z,rounded_rounding_rad_l);
	}
}
```


[User]
Okay, I'd like to design a ring using OpenSCAD, and I've seen a script that looks like it does most of what I want, but I need it to be fully parametric and a bit more flexible.

Here's the basic idea: I want to create a ring with a customizable cross-sectional shape, text engraving/raising, and sizing based on India, China, and Japan numerical ring sizes. The ring band's inner diameter should be calculated from the ring size parameter. The script I've seen uses the following formula: `main_internal_diameter=(ring_size_ind_chn_jpn+34.749)/2.7924` to convert from ring size to inner diameter (in mm).

I need the following parameters to be adjustable:

*   **Ring Size:** An integer value representing the India/China/Japan numerical ring size (e.g., 1-27).
*   **Band Wall Thickness:** The difference between the inner and outer radius of the ring, essentially the thickness of the metal (in mm).
*   **Band Depth:** The width of the ring band (in mm).
*   **Cross-Section Shape:** A selection from a list of pre-defined cross-sectional shapes. I'd like to use the following shapes (and I don't need all the aliases, I just need the core names, which are found by removing the 'cs_' prefixes):
    *   `ellipse`
    *   `rectangle`
    *   `pill`
    *   `hemi_ellipse`
    *   `scallopped_rectangle`
    *   `rounded_scallopped_rectangle`
    *   `rounded_hemi_ellipse`
    *   `rounded_rectangle`
    *   `chamfered_rectangle`
    *   `half_pill`
    *   `reverse_hemi_ellipse`
    *   `reverse_rounded_hemi_ellipse`
    *   `half_chamfered_rectangle`
    *    `ellipse_intersection`
    *    `rounded_ellipse_intersection`
*   **Cross-Section Feature:** A floating-point value used by some of the cross-section shapes to fine tune, for example the size of chamfers or radii. Some cross sections might not use this parameter.
*   **Text Enable:** A boolean value (`true`/`false`) indicating whether text should be added to the ring.
*   **Text Engraved:** A boolean value (`true`/`false`) determining whether the text is engraved (cut into the ring) or raised (extruded from the ring surface).
*   **Text Inside:** A boolean value (`true`/`false`) specifying whether the text is on the inside or outside of the ring band.
*   **Text String:** The string of text to be added.
*   **Text Height:** The height of the text characters in mm.
*   **Text Depth:** The depth of the engraved/raised text.
*   **Text Spacing:** The spacing between characters of the text.
*  **Text Font:** The filename of the font to use.  I'd like to be able to use the Write.scad library for this. I know it defaults to "orbitron.dxf", but I would like this to be parameterizable.
*   **Smoothness:** A number controlling the $fn value for smoother shapes.
*   **Metal Color:** RGBA value for the ring color.

I need the design to use `rotate_extrude` to generate the ring shape, and also make use of the `minkowski` function where rounded shapes are generated. I will also need to include and use `write.scad` from http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:16193 to write the text on the ring.

The text should use the `writecylinder` function from `write.scad` to properly curve the text around the ring.

The user-facing interface should clearly label all parameters and provide reasonable default values to make it easy to get started.

Can you generate the OpenSCAD code for this?

[Assistant]
Ring_band_creation_script_v1.4-INDIA.scad:
```
/*!
@brief Ring Band creation script
@details This OpenSCAD script will generate a plain wedding band style ring.
Most parameters are user selectable such as the ring profile shapes.
This would be ideal as the basis for a wedding ring...

@author Mark Gaffney
@version 1.4
@date 2013-03-19

@todo
Implement texturing
Implement hallmarking

@warning
Let the right one in

@note
Changes from previous versions:
1.4
 - 	added ellipse_intersection.scad code for 2 new cross section shapes (cs_ellipse_intersection & cs_rounded_ellipse_intersection)
 - 	added support for write.scad on inside or outside of ring, engraved or raised
1.3
 - 	Xxxxx's wedding ring version (no stone, no mount)
1.2
 - 	Made higher resolution shapes by increasing rotate extrude $fn from 50 to 100 and shape $fn from 20 to 40
 - 	Implemented half chamfered rectangle
1.1
 - 	Fixed issue whereby rounded rectangle shape CS appeared slightly translated in Y direction
1.0
 - 	First version based on Ring_band_creation_script_v0.10.scad
 - 	Added more cross sections (cs_half_pill, cs_reverse_hemi_ellipse, cs_reverse_rounded_hemi_ellipse)

*/
//******Fixed*Variables*******

//*************includes********
use <write/Write.scad>//http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:16193  writecylinder("Text on Cylinder",[translatex,translatey,translatez],cylinderr=20,cylinderh=40,rotate=45,center=true)
//include <write/Write.scad>//http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:16193  writecylinder("Text on Cylinder",[translatex,translatey,translatez],cylinderr=20,cylinderh=40,rotate=45,center=true)

//*******User*Variables*******

/* [Size] */ //choose ring size
//Enter India numerical ring size
ring_size_ind_chn_jpn=11;//[1:27]
//difference between ring inner and outer radius [mm] (1 to 5)
main_wall=2;
//how wide the band of the ring is [mm] (1 to 10)
main_depth=4.34;
//this is the 3rd variable for the cross section, not used in some cross section shapes, read the instructions, OpenSCAD code or play around to figure out how/if it affects your ring
main_feature=0.2;

	main_internal_diameter=(ring_size_ind_chn_jpn+34.749)/2.7924;//(India, China, Japan size to mm ID)the diameter of the wearers finger in mm

/* [Cross Section] */ //Choose cross section shape for ring band, set one of these lines to 1 the rest to 0 to choose the cross section for the ring band
//Choose cross section shape
cs_shape="cs_half_pill";//"cs_rounded_ellipse_intersection";//[cs_ellipse, cs_rectangle, cs_pill, cs_hemi_ellipse, cs_scallopped_rectangle, cs_rounded_scallopped_rectangle, cs_rounded_hemi_ellipse, cs_rounded_rectangle, cs_chamfered_rectangle, cs_half_pill, cs_reverse_hemi_ellipse, cs_reverse_rounded_hemi_ellipse, cs_half_chamfered_rectangle, cs_ellipse_intersection, cs_rounded_ellipse_intersection]

/* [Text] */ //Choose to add text
//Do you want to add text?
text_enabled="false";//[true, false]
//Engraved or raised text?
text_engraved="true";//[true:engraved, false:raised]
//Where would you like the text?
text_inside="true";//[true:inside, false:outside]
//What do you want the text to say?
text_itself="Your Text Here";
//Height of each letter
text_height=2;
//Depth of engraved/raised letters
text_depth=1;
//Spacing between adjacent letters
text_spacing=1.1;
//Text Font
text_font="orbitron.dxf";//[Letters.dxf:Letter, Orbitron.dxf:Orbitron, BlackRose.dxf:BlackRose, braille.dxf:Braille]

/* [Hidden] */
//how smooth and round is it? Bigger numbers mean smoother shapes but take a lot longer to render!
smoothness=20;
//choose colo(u)rs //colour of the metal in Red, Green, Blue, Opacity where the values can be anything from 0-1
colour_RGBA_metal=[0.65,0.65,0.65,1];
//something I use to help ensure manifoldness etc. do not change please!
a_bit=0.01*1;//[0.01]
$fn=smoothness*1;

//********User*Feedback****

echo("main_internal_diameter ", main_internal_diameter);

//**********Calls************

if (text_enabled=="true"){
	if (text_engraved=="true"){
		difference(){
			color(colour_RGBA_metal) ring_shape(main_internal_diameter, main_depth, main_wall, main_feature);
			ring_engraving(main_internal_diameter, main_wall, main_depth, text_inside, text_itself, text_height, text_depth, text_spacing);
		}
	}else{
		union(){//implies text is raised and has to be unioned
			color(colour_RGBA_metal) ring_shape(main_internal_diameter, main_depth, main_wall, main_feature);
			ring_engraving(main_internal_diameter, main_wall, main_depth, text_inside, text_itself, text_height, text_depth, text_spacing);
		}
	}
	//ring_compartment();
}else{//we don;t have text just make the ring itself
	color(colour_RGBA_metal) ring_shape(main_internal_diameter, main_depth, main_wall, main_feature);
}
//*******Modules************

module ring_engraving(internal_diameter=20, wall=5, depth=5, text_inside=false, text_itself="Some Text", text_height, text_depth=1, text_spacing=1.2, text_font="write/orbitron.dxf"){
	internal_radius=internal_diameter/2;
	external_radius=(internal_diameter/2)+wall;
	if (text_inside=="true"){
		mirror(1,0,0)rotate(a=[0,0,180])writecylinder(text_itself,[0,0,-depth/2],internal_radius,depth,rotate=0,t=text_depth,h=text_height,space=text_spacing,font=text_font);
	}else{
		writecylinder(text_itself,[0,0,-depth/2],external_radius,depth,rotate=0,t=text_depth,h=text_height,space=text_spacing,font=text_font);
	}
}

module ring_shape(ring_internal_diameter, ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature){
	rotate_extrude (convexity = 20) translate([(ring_internal_diameter)/2, 0, 0]){
		if(cs_shape=="cs_pill"){
			echo("Pill Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall);
			pill_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_ellipse"){
			echo("Ellipse Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall);
			ellipse_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_hemi_ellipse"){
			echo("Hemi Ellipse Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall);
			hemi_ellipse_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_rounded_hemi_ellipse"){
			echo("Rounded Hemi Ellipse Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall,"feature", ring_feature);
			rounded_hemi_ellipse_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_rectangle"){
			echo("Rectangle Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall);
			rectangle_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_scallopped_rectangle"){
			echo("Scallopped Rectangle Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall,"feature", ring_feature);
			scallopped_rectangle_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_rounded_scallopped_rectangle"){
			echo("Rounded Scallopped Rectangle Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall,"feature", ring_feature);
			rounded_scallopped_rectangle_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_rounded_rectangle"){
			echo("Rounded Rectangle Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall,"feature", ring_feature);
			rounded_rectangle_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_chamfered_rectangle"){
			echo("Chamfered Rectangle Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall,"feature", ring_feature);
			chamfered_rectangle_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_half_pill"){
			echo("Half Pill Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall);
			half_pill_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_reverse_hemi_ellipse"){
			echo("Reverse Hemi Ellipse Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall);
			translate (v=[ring_wall,0,0]) rotate(a=[0,0,180]) hemi_ellipse_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_reverse_rounded_hemi_ellipse"){
		echo("Reverse Rounded Hemi Ellipse Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall", ring_wall, "feature", ring_feature);
			translate (v=[ring_wall,0,0]) rotate(a=[0,0,180]) rounded_hemi_ellipse_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_half_chamfered_rectangle"){
			echo("Chamfered Rectangle Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall,"feature", ring_feature);
			half_chamfered_rectangle_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall+(sin(45)*ring_feature), ring_feature);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_ellipse_intersection"){
			echo("Ellipse Intercestion Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall,"feature", ring_feature);
			ellipse_intersection_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_rounded_ellipse_intersection"){
			echo("Rounded Ellipse Intercestion Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall,"feature", ring_feature);
			rounded_ellipse_intersection_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature);
		}

//	cs_half_chamfered_rectangle=0;//not yet implemented

	}
}

//************Ring_Cross_Setion_Modules**************

module pill_shape (pill_l, pill_b){
	translate(v=[pill_b/2,0,0]){
		translate (v=[0,-(pill_l-pill_b)/2,0]) circle (r=pill_b/2, center=true);
		square (size=[pill_b, pill_l-pill_b], center=true);
		translate (v=[0,(pill_l-pill_b)/2,0]) circle(r=pill_b/2, center=true);
	}
}

module ellipse_shape (ellipse_x, ellipse_y){
	translate(v=[ellipse_y/2,0,0]) scale(v=[ellipse_y,ellipse_x]) circle(r=0.5,$fn=40, center=true);
}
module hemi_ellipse_shape(hemi_ellipse_x,hemi_ellipse_y){
	scale(v=[2*hemi_ellipse_y,hemi_ellipse_x]) difference () {
		circle(r=0.5,$fn=40, center=true);
		translate (v=[-1.5,0,0]) square (size=3, center=true);
	}
}
module rectangle_shape (rectangle_x, rectangle_y){
	translate(v=[rectangle_y/2,0,0]) square(size=[rectangle_y, rectangle_x], center=true);
}

module scallopped_rectangle_shape (scallopped_rectangle_y, scallopped_rectangle_x, scallopped_rectangle_z){
	difference (){
		rectangle_shape (scallopped_rectangle_y, scallopped_rectangle_x);
		translate(v=[scallopped_rectangle_x,0,0]) rotate(a=[0,0,180]) hemi_ellipse_shape(scallopped_rectangle_y,scallopped_rectangle_z);
	}
}

module rounded_scallopped_rectangle_shape (rounded_scallopped_rectangle_y, rounded_scallopped_rectangle_x, rounded_scallopped_rectangle_z){
	minkowski(){
		translate(v=[rounded_scallopped_rectangle_z,0,0]) difference (){
			rectangle_shape (rounded_scallopped_rectangle_y-2*rounded_scallopped_rectangle_z, rounded_scallopped_rectangle_x-2*rounded_scallopped_rectangle_z);
			translate(v=[rounded_scallopped_rectangle_x-2*rounded_scallopped_rectangle_z,0,0]) rotate(a=[0,0,180]) hemi_ellipse_shape(rounded_scallopped_rectangle_y-2*rounded_scallopped_rectangle_z,rounded_scallopped_rectangle_z);
		}
	circle(r=rounded_scallopped_rectangle_z, $fn=40);
	}
}

module rounded_hemi_ellipse_shape(rounded_ellipse_x, rounded_ellipse_y, rounded_ellipse_z){
	translate(v=[rounded_ellipse_z,0,0]){
		minkowski(){
			hemi_ellipse_shape(rounded_ellipse_x-2*rounded_ellipse_z,rounded_ellipse_y-2*rounded_ellipse_z);
			circle(r=rounded_ellipse_z, $fn=40);
		}
	}
}

module rounded_rectangle_shape(rounded_rectangle_y, rounded_rectangle_x, rounded_rectangle_z){
	translate(v=[rounded_rectangle_x/2,0,0]){
		minkowski(){
			square(size=[rounded_rectangle_x-2*rounded_rectangle_z,rounded_rectangle_y-2*rounded_rectangle_z], center=true);
			circle(r=rounded_rectangle_z, $fn=40);
		}
	}
}

module chamfered_rectangle_shape(chamfered_rectangle_y, chamfered_rectangle_x, chamfered_rectangle_z){
	translate(v=[chamfered_rectangle_x/2,-sin(45)*chamfered_rectangle_z,0]){
		minkowski(){
			square(size=[chamfered_rectangle_x-2*sin(45)*chamfered_rectangle_z,chamfered_rectangle_y-2*sin(45)*chamfered_rectangle_z],center=true);
			rotate (a=[0,0,45]) square (size=chamfered_rectangle_z);
		}
	}
}

module half_chamfered_rectangle_shape(half_chamfered_rectangle_y, half_chamfered_rectangle_x, half_chamfered_rectangle_z){
	translate(v=[-sin(45)*half_chamfered_rectangle_z,0,0]){
		difference(){
			chamfered_rectangle_shape (half_chamfered_rectangle_y, half_chamfered_rectangle_x+(sin(45)*half_chamfered_rectangle_z), half_chamfered_rectangle_z);
			//translate(v=[+sin(45)*half_chamfered_rectangle_z/2,0,0]) rectangle_shape (half_chamfered_rectangle_y+0.1, (sin(45)*half_chamfered_rectangle_z));
			translate(v=[(-0.1+sin(45)*half_chamfered_rectangle_z)/2,0,0]) square (size=[(sin(45)*half_chamfered_rectangle_z + 0.1),half_chamfered_rectangle_y+0.1], center=true);
		}
	}
}
module half_pill_shape (pill_l, pill_b){
	translate(v=[-pill_b,0,0]) difference (){
		pill_shape(pill_l,2*pill_b);
		square (size=[2*pill_b,pill_l], center=true);
	}
}

module ellipse_intersection_shape (ellipse_inter_x, ellipse_inter_y, ellipse_inter_z,rounding_rad_m=0){
	band_width_m = ellipse_inter_x;
	band_depth_m = ellipse_inter_y;
	inner_depth_ratio_m = ellipse_inter_z;
	//else{//default aligns (0,0) with the line separating the 2 sides determiend by inner_depth_ratio
	//echo("band_width_m, band_depth_m, inner_depth_ratio_m",band_width_m, band_depth_m, inner_depth_ratio_m);
	inner_height_m=(band_depth_m)*inner_depth_ratio_m;
	outer_height_m=(band_depth_m)-inner_height_m;

	inner_rad_m=(inner_height_m/2) + (band_width_m)*(band_width_m)/(8*inner_height_m);
	outer_rad_m=(outer_height_m/2) + (band_width_m)*(band_width_m)/(8*outer_height_m);
	//echo("herp inner_depth_ratio_m",inner_depth_ratio_m);

	//inner surface centred
	//echo("inner centred");
	rotate(a=-90)translate(v=[0, (band_depth_m)*inner_depth_ratio_m ]) intersection(){//translate(v=[0, (band_depth_m-2*rounding_rad_m)*inner_depth_ratio_m+rounding_rad_m ]) intersection(){
		translate(v=[0,inner_rad_m-inner_height_m]) circle(r=inner_rad_m);
		translate(v=[0,-(outer_rad_m-outer_height_m)]) circle(r=outer_rad_m);
	}
}

module rounded_ellipse_intersection_shape (rounded_ellipse_inter_x, rounded_ellipse_inter_y, rounded_ellipse_inter_z,rounded_rounding_rad_l=0.5){
	band_width_l = rounded_ellipse_inter_x;
	band_depth_l = rounded_ellipse_inter_y;
	inner_depth_ratio_l = rounded_ellipse_inter_z;
	minkowski(){
		//echo("rounded_rounding_rad_l r=",rounded_rounding_rad_l);
		circle(r=rounded_rounding_rad_l);
		translate(v=[rounded_rounding_rad_l,0])ellipse_intersection_shape (rounded_ellipse_inter_x-2*rounded_rounding_rad_l, rounded_ellipse_inter_y-2*rounded_rounding_rad_l, rounded_ellipse_inter_z,rounded_rounding_rad_l);
	}
}
```


[User]
Okay, I need a parametric OpenSCAD file for creating custom ring bands, similar to what's described in the "Ring_band_creation_script_v1.4-MM.scad" file. I want to be able to adjust various aspects of the ring band, including its size, shape, and add text.

Here are the specific features I need:

**Ring Size:**
*   I need to specify the ring size by its inner diameter in millimeters.
*   I need a parameter to control the thickness of the ring band wall.
*   I need a parameter for the width of the ring band.

**Cross-Section Shape:**
*   I want to select from various cross-section shapes, including:
    *   Pill
    *   Ellipse
    *   Hemi-Ellipse
    *   Rounded Hemi-Ellipse
    *   Rectangle
    *   Scalloped Rectangle
    *   Rounded Scalloped Rectangle
    *   Rounded Rectangle
    *   Chamfered Rectangle
    *   Half-Pill
    *   Reverse Hemi-Ellipse
    *   Reverse Rounded Hemi-Ellipse
    *   Half-Chamfered Rectangle
    *   Ellipse Intersection
    *   Rounded Ellipse Intersection
*   There should be a parameter for controlling a "feature" value for some shapes like scalloped rectangles, rounded rectangles, etc., to fine-tune the shape.

**Text:**
*   I need to be able to enable/disable text.
*   I need the option to engrave or raise the text.
*   I need to choose whether the text appears on the inside or outside of the ring band.
*   I need a parameter to specify the text itself.
*   I need to control the height and depth of the text.
*   I need to control letter spacing.
*   I need to be able to select the text font, preferably with the ability to choose from multiple fonts that are included or that can be added.
*   I will need the `write.scad` library from Thingiverse user "HarlanDMii", which is located at http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:16193, to support text writing.

**Other Parameters**

*   I need a parameter to adjust the smoothness of the ring; that is, the `$fn` parameter.
*  I need to specify the metal color using RGBA values.

**Output:**

The script should output a single, manifold 3D model of the ring band according to my specifications.

Could you generate the OpenSCAD file for this?

[Assistant]
Ring_band_creation_script_v1.4-MM.scad:
```
/*!
@brief Ring Band creation script
@details This OpenSCAD script will generate a plain wedding band style ring.
Most parameters are user selectable such as the ring profile shapes.
This would be ideal as the basis for a wedding ring...

@author Mark Gaffney
@version 1.4
@date 2013-03-19

@todo
Implement texturing
Implement hallmarking

@warning
Let the right one in

@note
Changes from previous versions:
1.4
 - 	added ellipse_intersection.scad code for 2 new cross section shapes (cs_ellipse_intersection & cs_rounded_ellipse_intersection)
 - 	added support for write.scad on inside or outside of ring, engraved or raised
1.3
 - 	Xxxxx's wedding ring version (no stone, no mount)
1.2
 - 	Made higher resolution shapes by increasing rotate extrude $fn from 50 to 100 and shape $fn from 20 to 40
 - 	Implemented half chamfered rectangle
1.1
 - 	Fixed issue whereby rounded rectangle shape CS appeared slightly translated in Y direction
1.0
 - 	First version based on Ring_band_creation_script_v0.10.scad
 - 	Added more cross sections (cs_half_pill, cs_reverse_hemi_ellipse, cs_reverse_rounded_hemi_ellipse)

*/
//******Fixed*Variables*******

//*************includes********
use <write/Write.scad>//http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:16193  writecylinder("Text on Cylinder",[translatex,translatey,translatez],cylinderr=20,cylinderh=40,rotate=45,center=true)
//include <write/Write.scad>//http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:16193  writecylinder("Text on Cylinder",[translatex,translatey,translatez],cylinderr=20,cylinderh=40,rotate=45,center=true)

//*******User*Variables*******

/* [Size] */ //choose ring size
//Enter Ring size in mm
ring_size_mm=20;
//difference between ring inner and outer radius [mm] (1 to 5)
main_wall=2;
//how wide the band of the ring is [mm] (1 to 10)
main_depth=4.34;
//this is the 3rd variable for the cross section, not used in some cross section shapes, read the instructions, OpenSCAD code or play around to figure out how/if it affects your ring
main_feature=0.2;

	main_internal_diameter=ring_size_mm;//(mm)the diameter of the wearers finger in mm

/* [Cross Section] */ //Choose cross section shape for ring band, set one of these lines to 1 the rest to 0 to choose the cross section for the ring band
//Choose cross section shape
cs_shape="cs_half_pill";//"cs_rounded_ellipse_intersection";//[cs_ellipse, cs_rectangle, cs_pill, cs_hemi_ellipse, cs_scallopped_rectangle, cs_rounded_scallopped_rectangle, cs_rounded_hemi_ellipse, cs_rounded_rectangle, cs_chamfered_rectangle, cs_half_pill, cs_reverse_hemi_ellipse, cs_reverse_rounded_hemi_ellipse, cs_half_chamfered_rectangle, cs_ellipse_intersection, cs_rounded_ellipse_intersection]

/* [Text] */ //Choose to add text
//Do you want to add text?
text_enabled="false";//[true, false]
//Engraved or raised text?
text_engraved="true";//[true:engraved, false:raised]
//Where would you like the text?
text_inside="true";//[true:inside, false:outside]
//What do you want the text to say?
text_itself="Your Text Here";
//Height of each letter
text_height=2;
//Depth of engraved/raised letters
text_depth=1;
//Spacing between adjacent letters
text_spacing=1.1;
//Text Font
text_font="orbitron.dxf";//[Letters.dxf:Letter, Orbitron.dxf:Orbitron, BlackRose.dxf:BlackRose, braille.dxf:Braille]

/* [Hidden] */
//how smooth and round is it? Bigger numbers mean smoother shapes but take a lot longer to render!
smoothness=20;
//choose colo(u)rs //colour of the metal in Red, Green, Blue, Opacity where the values can be anything from 0-1
colour_RGBA_metal=[0.65,0.65,0.65,1];
//something I use to help ensure manifoldness etc. do not change please!
a_bit=0.01*1;//[0.01]
$fn=smoothness*1;

//********User*Feedback****

echo("main_internal_diameter ", main_internal_diameter);

//**********Calls************

if (text_enabled=="true"){
	if (text_engraved=="true"){
		difference(){
			color(colour_RGBA_metal) ring_shape(main_internal_diameter, main_depth, main_wall, main_feature);
			ring_engraving(main_internal_diameter, main_wall, main_depth, text_inside, text_itself, text_height, text_depth, text_spacing);
		}
	}else{
		union(){//implies text is raised and has to be unioned
			color(colour_RGBA_metal) ring_shape(main_internal_diameter, main_depth, main_wall, main_feature);
			ring_engraving(main_internal_diameter, main_wall, main_depth, text_inside, text_itself, text_height, text_depth, text_spacing);
		}
	}
	//ring_compartment();
}else{//we don;t have text just make the ring itself
	color(colour_RGBA_metal) ring_shape(main_internal_diameter, main_depth, main_wall, main_feature);
}
//*******Modules************

module ring_engraving(internal_diameter=20, wall=5, depth=5, text_inside=false, text_itself="Some Text", text_height, text_depth=1, text_spacing=1.2, text_font="write/orbitron.dxf"){
	internal_radius=internal_diameter/2;
	external_radius=(internal_diameter/2)+wall;
	if (text_inside=="true"){
		mirror(1,0,0)rotate(a=[0,0,180])writecylinder(text_itself,[0,0,-depth/2],internal_radius,depth,rotate=0,t=text_depth,h=text_height,space=text_spacing,font=text_font);
	}else{
		writecylinder(text_itself,[0,0,-depth/2],external_radius,depth,rotate=0,t=text_depth,h=text_height,space=text_spacing,font=text_font);
	}
}

module ring_shape(ring_internal_diameter, ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature){
	rotate_extrude (convexity = 20) translate([(ring_internal_diameter)/2, 0, 0]){
		if(cs_shape=="cs_pill"){
			echo("Pill Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall);
			pill_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_ellipse"){
			echo("Ellipse Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall);
			ellipse_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_hemi_ellipse"){
			echo("Hemi Ellipse Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall);
			hemi_ellipse_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_rounded_hemi_ellipse"){
			echo("Rounded Hemi Ellipse Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall,"feature", ring_feature);
			rounded_hemi_ellipse_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_rectangle"){
			echo("Rectangle Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall);
			rectangle_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_scallopped_rectangle"){
			echo("Scallopped Rectangle Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall,"feature", ring_feature);
			scallopped_rectangle_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_rounded_scallopped_rectangle"){
			echo("Rounded Scallopped Rectangle Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall,"feature", ring_feature);
			rounded_scallopped_rectangle_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_rounded_rectangle"){
			echo("Rounded Rectangle Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall,"feature", ring_feature);
			rounded_rectangle_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_chamfered_rectangle"){
			echo("Chamfered Rectangle Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall,"feature", ring_feature);
			chamfered_rectangle_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_half_pill"){
			echo("Half Pill Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall);
			half_pill_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_reverse_hemi_ellipse"){
			echo("Reverse Hemi Ellipse Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall);
			translate (v=[ring_wall,0,0]) rotate(a=[0,0,180]) hemi_ellipse_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_reverse_rounded_hemi_ellipse"){
		echo("Reverse Rounded Hemi Ellipse Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall", ring_wall, "feature", ring_feature);
			translate (v=[ring_wall,0,0]) rotate(a=[0,0,180]) rounded_hemi_ellipse_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_half_chamfered_rectangle"){
			echo("Chamfered Rectangle Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall,"feature", ring_feature);
			half_chamfered_rectangle_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall+(sin(45)*ring_feature), ring_feature);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_ellipse_intersection"){
			echo("Ellipse Intercestion Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall,"feature", ring_feature);
			ellipse_intersection_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature);
		}
		else if(cs_shape=="cs_rounded_ellipse_intersection"){
			echo("Rounded Ellipse Intercestion Shaped Cross Section, depth",  ring_depth, "wall",ring_wall,"feature", ring_feature);
			rounded_ellipse_intersection_shape (ring_depth, ring_wall, ring_feature);
		}

//	cs_half_chamfered_rectangle=0;//not yet implemented

	}
}

//************Ring_Cross_Setion_Modules**************

module pill_shape (pill_l, pill_b){
	translate(v=[pill_b/2,0,0]){
		translate (v=[0,-(pill_l-pill_b)/2,0]) circle (r=pill_b/2, center=true);
		square (size=[pill_b, pill_l-pill_b], center=true);
		translate (v=[0,(pill_l-pill_b)/2,0]) circle(r=pill_b/2, center=true);
	}
}

module ellipse_shape (ellipse_x, ellipse_y){
	translate(v=[ellipse_y/2,0,0]) scale(v=[ellipse_y,ellipse_x]) circle(r=0.5,$fn=40, center=true);
}
module hemi_ellipse_shape(hemi_ellipse_x,hemi_ellipse_y){
	scale(v=[2*hemi_ellipse_y,hemi_ellipse_x]) difference () {
		circle(r=0.5,$fn=40, center=true);
		translate (v=[-1.5,0,0]) square (size=3, center=true);
	}
}
module rectangle_shape (rectangle_x, rectangle_y){
	translate(v=[rectangle_y/2,0,0]) square(size=[rectangle_y, rectangle_x], center=true);
}

module scallopped_rectangle_shape (scallopped_rectangle_y, scallopped_rectangle_x, scallopped_rectangle_z){
	difference (){
		rectangle_shape (scallopped_rectangle_y, scallopped_rectangle_x);
		translate(v=[scallopped_rectangle_x,0,0]) rotate(a=[0,0,180]) hemi_ellipse_shape(scallopped_rectangle_y,scallopped_rectangle_z);
	}
}

module rounded_scallopped_rectangle_shape (rounded_scallopped_rectangle_y, rounded_scallopped_rectangle_x, rounded_scallopped_rectangle_z){
	minkowski(){
		translate(v=[rounded_scallopped_rectangle_z,0,0]) difference (){
			rectangle_shape (rounded_scallopped_rectangle_y-2*rounded_scallopped_rectangle_z, rounded_scallopped_rectangle_x-2*rounded_scallopped_rectangle_z);
			translate(v=[rounded_scallopped_rectangle_x-2*rounded_scallopped_rectangle_z,0,0]) rotate(a=[0,0,180]) hemi_ellipse_shape(rounded_scallopped_rectangle_y-2*rounded_scallopped_rectangle_z,rounded_scallopped_rectangle_z);
		}
	circle(r=rounded_scallopped_rectangle_z, $fn=40);
	}
}

module rounded_hemi_ellipse_shape(rounded_ellipse_x, rounded_ellipse_y, rounded_ellipse_z){
	translate(v=[rounded_ellipse_z,0,0]){
		minkowski(){
			hemi_ellipse_shape(rounded_ellipse_x-2*rounded_ellipse_z,rounded_ellipse_y-2*rounded_ellipse_z);
			circle(r=rounded_ellipse_z, $fn=40);
		}
	}
}

module rounded_rectangle_shape(rounded_rectangle_y, rounded_rectangle_x, rounded_rectangle_z){
	translate(v=[rounded_rectangle_x/2,0,0]){
		minkowski(){
			square(size=[rounded_rectangle_x-2*rounded_rectangle_z,rounded_rectangle_y-2*rounded_rectangle_z], center=true);
			circle(r=rounded_rectangle_z, $fn=40);
		}
	}
}

module chamfered_rectangle_shape(chamfered_rectangle_y, chamfered_rectangle_x, chamfered_rectangle_z){
	translate(v=[chamfered_rectangle_x/2,-sin(45)*chamfered_rectangle_z,0]){
		minkowski(){
			square(size=[chamfered_rectangle_x-2*sin(45)*chamfered_rectangle_z,chamfered_rectangle_y-2*sin(45)*chamfered_rectangle_z],center=true);
			rotate (a=[0,0,45]) square (size=chamfered_rectangle_z);
		}
	}
}

module half_chamfered_rectangle_shape(half_chamfered_rectangle_y, half_chamfered_rectangle_x, half_chamfered_rectangle_z){
	translate(v=[-sin(45)*half_chamfered_rectangle_z,0,0]){
		difference(){
			chamfered_rectangle_shape (half_chamfered_rectangle_y, half_chamfered_rectangle_x+(sin(45)*half_chamfered_rectangle_z), half_chamfered_rectangle_z);
			//translate(v=[+sin(45)*half_chamfered_rectangle_z/2,0,0]) rectangle_shape (half_chamfered_rectangle_y+0.1, (sin(45)*half_chamfered_rectangle_z));
			translate(v=[(-0.1+sin(45)*half_chamfered_rectangle_z)/2,0,0]) square (size=[(sin(45)*half_chamfered_rectangle_z + 0.1),half_chamfered_rectangle_y+0.1], center=true);
		}
	}
}
module half_pill_shape (pill_l, pill_b){
	translate(v=[-pill_b,0,0]) difference (){
		pill_shape(pill_l,2*pill_b);
		square (size=[2*pill_b,pill_l], center=true);
	}
}

module ellipse_intersection_shape (ellipse_inter_x, ellipse_inter_y, ellipse_inter_z,rounding_rad_m=0){
	band_width_m = ellipse_inter_x;
	band_depth_m = ellipse_inter_y;
	inner_depth_ratio_m = ellipse_inter_z;
	//else{//default aligns (0,0) with the line separating the 2 sides determiend by inner_depth_ratio
	//echo("band_width_m, band_depth_m, inner_depth_ratio_m",band_width_m, band_depth_m, inner_depth_ratio_m);
	inner_height_m=(band_depth_m)*inner_depth_ratio_m;
	outer_height_m=(band_depth_m)-inner_height_m;

	inner_rad_m=(inner_height_m/2) + (band_width_m)*(band_width_m)/(8*inner_height_m);
	outer_rad_m=(outer_height_m/2) + (band_width_m)*(band_width_m)/(8*outer_height_m);
	//echo("herp inner_depth_ratio_m",inner_depth_ratio_m);

	//inner surface centred
	//echo("inner centred");
	rotate(a=-90)translate(v=[0, (band_depth_m)*inner_depth_ratio_m ]) intersection(){//translate(v=[0, (band_depth_m-2*rounding_rad_m)*inner_depth_ratio_m+rounding_rad_m ]) intersection(){
		translate(v=[0,inner_rad_m-inner_height_m]) circle(r=inner_rad_m);
		translate(v=[0,-(outer_rad_m-outer_height_m)]) circle(r=outer_rad_m);
	}
}

module rounded_ellipse_intersection_shape (rounded_ellipse_inter_x, rounded_ellipse_inter_y, rounded_ellipse_inter_z,rounded_rounding_rad_l=0.5){
	band_width_l = rounded_ellipse_inter_x;
	band_depth_l = rounded_ellipse_inter_y;
	inner_depth_ratio_l = rounded_ellipse_inter_z;
	minkowski(){
		//echo("rounded_rounding_rad_l r=",rounded_rounding_rad_l);
		circle(r=rounded_rounding_rad_l);
		translate(v=[rounded_rounding_rad_l,0])ellipse_intersection_shape (rounded_ellipse_inter_x-2*rounded_rounding_rad_l, rounded_ellipse_inter_y-2*rounded_rounding_rad_l, rounded_ellipse_inter_z,rounded_rounding_rad_l);
	}
}
```


[User]
Okay, I need an OpenSCAD file that can generate plugs and caps for round holes and tubes. I've already got a basic version but I'd like a parametric version that I can easily adjust using the Customizer. Here's what I want it to do:

The design consists of two main parts: a solid end portion (like a flat disk) and a hollow tube portion that extends from the center of one side of that disk. The overall shape looks like a plug or a cap depending on the dimensions.

Here are the key parameters I need to control:

*   **End Thickness:** The thickness of the solid disk end, in millimeters.
*   **End Diameter:** The diameter of the solid disk end, in millimeters. Setting this equal to the *Tube Outer Diameter* creates a smooth cap with no flange.
*   **Tube Inner Diameter:** The inner diameter of the hollow tube portion, in millimeters. This is critical for a cap where you want to fit *over* the end of a pipe.
*   **Tube Outer Diameter:** The outer diameter of the hollow tube portion, in millimeters. This is critical for a plug where you want to fit *inside* of a hole.
*   **Tube Height:** The length of the hollow tube portion, in millimeters.

I'd also like to have:

*   **Resolution Control:** A variable to control the smoothness of the curves (number of segments for the circles).
*   **Preview toggle:** an option to show or hide the preview using a single global variable called `preview` that is either `true` or `false`.
*   **Clear Comments:** Please leave clear comments that explain each section of the code.
*   **Use Standard OpenSCAD:** Please do not use any libraries, just standard OpenSCAD commands.
*  **Unit of Measure:** I'd like to keep everything in millimeters, so please no conversions or mixing of units.

The basic idea is to be able to easily create a plug that fits inside a tube/hole or a cap that fits over the outside of a tube/pipe. The most common application will be for filling a hole in something that is already designed, not for joining separate pieces.

[Assistant]
Plug_1.scad:
```
//Simple Plug or Cap

//How thick do you want the solid end portion in mm?
End_Thickness = 3;

//Diameter of the solid end portion in mm (set equal to Tube Outer Diameter for a smooth cap).
End_Diameter = 60;

//Hole diameter in mm (this dimension is critical for a cap).
Tube_Inner_Diameter = 40;

//Outer diameter of the tube portion in mm (this dimension is critical for a plug).
Tube_Outer_Diameter = 44;

//Length of the tube portion in mm (Overall Height = this dimension + End Thickness).
Tube_Height = 25;

/* [Hidden] */
res = 90;

module plug ()
{
	union()
	{
	cylinder(h = End_Thickness, r = End_Diameter/2, center = false, $fn = res);

		difference()
		{
		translate ([0,0,End_Thickness]) cylinder(h = Tube_Height, r = Tube_Outer_Diameter/2, center = false, $fn = res);
		translate ([0,0,End_Thickness]) cylinder(h = Tube_Height+1, r = Tube_Inner_Diameter/2, center = false, $fn = res);
		}
	}
}
plug();

```


[User]
Okay, I'm trying to create a complex, knot-like art piece using OpenSCAD, and I've got a basic structure that I'm starting with but I need it to be a lot more flexible and customizable. I'm currently using a series of rotated and scaled ring segments.

Here's what I'm aiming for:

1.  **Base Structure:** The design is based on interconnected segments, each created by a rotated and extruded circle. Currently these circles are being made into segments with `ring1()`, with a second segment added with `ring1a()` as the base unit which is added to `seg()` and `seg2()` which are subsequently combined to make a full knot piece called `make1()`.  These segments get repeated multiple times and scaled with `make6()`. I'd like to keep this overall approach.

2.  **Parametric Control:**
    *   **Segment Size:** The radius of the circles used for the extruded rings is controlled by the `aj` variable. I'd like to keep this, and have it control the segment size in relation to the rotation and translation of the base shapes.
    *   **Tilt:** The overall tilt of the base segment unit (the `make1()` unit) is currently controlled by a variable called `tilt`. I'd like to keep this variable.
    *   **Squeeze:** The `squeeze` variable currently controls the scaling in the `y` direction of the `make6()` unit, and I’d like to keep this.
    *   **Number of Segments:** Currently, the number of rotated units in the full knot (`make6`) is 6 but I would like to be able to easily change this.
   * **Offset:** I would like to be able to offset the base circles being created in the `ring1()` module.

3.  **Customization:**
    *   I need to easily adjust the initial positioning and rotation parameters for each segment. I’d like to keep the basic approach of using `rotate` and `translate` and similar transform functions, but also be able to individually adjust these values, so that I could fine tune each segment's placement. Maybe there should be a module that would control each of these base segments that I could call multiple times, with the desired adjustments, instead of calling the modules `seg()` and `seg2()`.
   *  I'd also like a way to control the extrusion height, currently I believe this is fixed with `rotate_extrude()`.

4.  **Boolean operations:** I want to keep the `difference()` operations to clip off unwanted parts of the extruded rings. I feel as though this produces the shape I am looking for.

5.  **Libraries:** I do not intend to use any external libraries.

In short, I want to take what I have, and make it highly parametric so that I can easily adjust the knot's size, tilt, squeezing, and number of segments, as well as the individual placement of base ring segments. Can you create a new OpenSCAD file that accomplishes this?

[Assistant]
arches_knot_2.scad:
```
$fn=60;
aj=125; // [0:400]
tilt=0; // [-45:45]
squeeze=100; // [0:200]
 //

sq=squeeze/100;

module ring1(adj=0) {
	rotate_extrude () translate([500,0,0])  circle (125+adj, center=true);
}

module ring1a() {
	translate([(1000)*sin(60),0,0]) rotate ([0,90,0]) ring1(aj);
}

module seg() {
	//translate ([0,(-.95*(125))/2]) scale ([1,.95,1])
		difference () {
			ring1a();
			translate ([-900,-1000,-4001]) cube (4000);
		}
}

module seg2() {
	rotate ([0,0,60]) difference () {
		translate([-(1000)*sin(60),-500,0])ring1a();
		translate ([-900,-2000,0]) cube (4000);
	}
}

module make1() {
	rotate ([0,tilt,0]) union (){
		seg();
		seg2();
	}
}
module make6() {
	for (i=[1:6]) {
		rotate ([0,0,60*(i-1)]) scale ([1,sq,1]) make1();
	}
}
module sh1() {}

module shp1() {
	rotate_extrude () translate([450,0,0])  sh1();
}

make6();
translate ([0,0,300]) rotate ([0,180,30]) make6();

//rotate ([0,0,60*(i-1)]) seg();
//rotate ([0,0,60]) seg2();

```


[User]
Okay, I'm working on a charging dock project, and I need to create some 3D printable pins, similar to the ones I saw on Thingiverse (http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:63756). I've already got a basic OpenSCAD file (NG_pins_V2.2.scad) that does most of what I want, but it's not as flexible as I need it to be, and I'd like it to be better structured and more parametric.

Here's a breakdown of what I need:

**Overall Design:**

I need to create a pin with a cylindrical peg on top, a threaded hole running up through it, and a recessed hexagonal area at the base to hold a nut.  The pins should be arranged in a rectangular array.

**Parameters I Need Control Over:**

*   **Pin Diameter:** The diameter of the cylindrical peg part of the pin. (Currently `pinDia`)
*   **Pin Height:** The overall height of the cylindrical peg portion of the pin. (Currently `pinHt`)
*   **Thread Diameter:** The diameter of the hole that will be threaded. (Currently `threadDia`)
*   **Thread Length:** The length of the threaded hole from the bottom of the pin. (Currently `threadLength`)
*   **Nut Diameter:** The diameter of the hexagonal nut across the corners. (Currently `nutDia`)
*   **Nut Height:** The height/thickness of the nut. (Currently `nutHeight`)
*   **Array X:** The number of pins in the X direction. (Currently `arrayX`)
*   **Array Y:** The number of pins in the Y direction. (Currently `arrayY`)
*   **Pin Spacing:** I need control over the spacing between pins in both the X and Y direction (currently fixed at `pinDia+3`). I'd prefer individual parameters for spacing along the X axis and along the Y axis (e.g. `spacingX` and `spacingY`).
*   **Nut Clearance:** I need to control the gap between the nut and the recessed hexagonal area in the pin. It's currently a fixed offset `0.2`, but I need this to be a configurable parameter. I'd prefer to be able to set this directly (e.g., `nutClearance`).

**Specific Requirements:**

*   The pin should be a single module that can be easily instanced.
*   The pin array should be created by a separate module using a nested loop.
*   The modules should be well-defined and easy to understand.
*   I'd like to be able to individually define the "bolt hole" size separately from the "tapping size", so I need another parameter: `boltClearance` that specifies the size of the hole before tapping
*   I'd also like a parameter `nutBaseHeight` so that I can adjust the height from the bottom of the pin that the nut recess sits

**Desired Output:**

I would like the output to be a well-commented OpenSCAD file. I'm comfortable with using basic OpenSCAD features. I do not need any complex mathematical functions or use of external libraries, so please use standard OpenSCAD functions only.

Can you create an OpenSCAD file based on these specifications?

[Assistant]
NG_pins_V2.2.scad:
```
//Pin Diameter
pinDia=8.2;
//Pin Height
pinHt=20;
//Thread Diameter
threadDia=3.2;
//Thread Length (length of screw)
threadLength=13;
//Nut Diameter (across corners)
nutDia=6.7;
//Nut Height (thickness)
nutHeight=2.9;
//Array of X pins
arrayX=3;
//Array of Y pins
arrayY=3;

module draw_pin (nutDia,nutHeight)
{
  //radius of pin
  pinRad=pinDia/2;
  //total height of pin
      difference(){
        //draw the peg
        union() {
          translate([0,0,pinHt-pinRad]) sphere(r=pinRad,$fn=20);
          cylinder(r=pinRad,h=(pinHt-pinRad), $fn=20);
         }
         //drill a hole for the bolt
         translate([0,0,-5])cylinder(h=threadLength+5,r=threadDia/2,$fn=20);
         //cut a hole for a nut
         translate([0,0,-1/nutHeight])cylinder(h=nutHeight, r=nutDia/2,$fn=6);
      }
      difference(){
        translate([0,0,0])cylinder(h=nutHeight, r=nutDia/3, $fn=6);
        translate([0,0,-2])cylinder(h=nutHeight+4, r=(nutDia/3)-0.2, $fn=6);
      }
}

module drawArray()
{
  for (i=[0:arrayX-1]){
    for(j=[0:arrayY-1]){
      translate([i*(pinDia+3),j*(pinDia+3),0])draw_pin(nutDia,nutHeight);
    }
  }
}

drawArray(6.8,3.2);

```


[User]
Okay, I'm looking to design a refrigerator magnet, similar to the one I already have, but I want it to be fully parametric so I can easily adjust the size and fit different magnets. I need the design to be created in OpenSCAD.

Here's what I'm thinking. The basic shape is a truncated cone, with the wide end on the outside, and the narrow end flush against the fridge. The magnet will be recessed into the narrow end, with a small chamfer on the edge of the magnet hole to make insertion easier.  I plan on printing it upside down, so the magnet cutout would be on the top.

Here are the key parameters I want to control:

*   **`Dmagnet`**: The diameter of the magnet. This is crucial, so I will want it to be easily adjustable.
*   **`Hmagnet`**: The thickness of the magnet.
*   **`Dtop`**: The diameter of the wide end of the cone, the one facing outwards from the fridge.
*   **`Dbot`**: The diameter of the narrow end of the cone, the one against the fridge.  This needs to be larger than the magnet diameter.
*   **`Hholder`**: The overall height/thickness of the magnet holder.

I also need to have the magnet hole be just a little deeper than the magnet itself. I'd like to have a slight clearance for the magnet, maybe 0.1mm extra in height and slightly bigger diameter for a snug fit. The chamfer I'd like to use is similar to the provided .scad file: 0.98x magnet radius on the bottom of the chamfer and 1.07x magnet radius on the top of the chamfer, over a height of 1mm.

I'd like the final design to be a single `difference()` that first generates the basic truncated cone, second generates a cylinder for the magnet hole and finally generates a chamfer on the magnet hole, similar to the example I'm basing this on.

Could you provide me with an OpenSCAD file that I can use to generate this? I don't need any extra libraries for this design, just a straight scad file with these parameters, and with good commenting for readability.

[Assistant]
FridgeMag.scad:
```
// Refrigerator Magnet.
// Uses a neodymium disk magnet.
// Tapered 60 degrees towards magnetic side so it's easy to remove.
//
// Magnet socket is a hair deeper to allow for a drop of glue
//
//  Mooselake 21 Mar 2013
//

// Magnet Diameter
Dmagnet = 10.0;

// Magnet Thickness
Hmagnet = 2.5;

// Top Diameter of holder (out side)
Dtop = 22;

// Bottom Diameter of holder (Refrigerator side), must be bigger than magnet.
Dbot = 16;

// Thickness of holder
Hholder = 6;

Rmagnet = Dmagnet/2;
Rbot    = Dbot/2;
Rtop    = Dtop/2;

// print upside down, magnet cutout on top

difference() {
	cylinder(h = Hholder, r1 = Rtop, r2 = Rbot);		// holder
	translate([0,0,Hholder-Hmagnet-0.1])
		cylinder(h=Hmagnet+0.1, r=Rmagnet);			// magnet hole
	translate([0,0,Hholder-(Hmagnet*0.25)])
		cylinder(h=1, r1=Rmagnet*0.98, r2=Rmagnet*1.07);  // chamfered for easy insertion
	}
```


[User]
Okay, I need a custom PCB holder designed in OpenSCAD. I have a circular PCB with three mounting holes arranged in an equilateral triangle pattern. I've previously used a design (attached, printplateholder_v05.scad), but I need more control over the parameters.

Here's what I need:

**General Shape:**

*   The holder should be a two-part design: a base and a top piece that fits over the PCB. The base will have three pins that fit into the PCB's mounting holes, and a lip around the edge. The top piece will have a lip that interfaces with the base's lip, essentially clamping the PCB in place.
*   The base and top should each be a shell, forming a hollow dome, with lip on the perimeter. The top should be a more rounded shell while the bottom is flatter, with mounting features.

**Key Parameters:**

*   **`radpp` (Print Plate Radius):** This is the radius of the circular PCB. (currently 15 mm)
*   **`radholepp` (Hole Radius):** The radius of the mounting holes in the PCB. (currently 1 mm)
*   **`thickshell` (Shell Thickness):** The thickness of the shell for both the base and top piece and also the lip. (currently 0.8 mm)
*   **`sidetria` (Triangle Side Length):** The side length of the equilateral triangle formed by the PCB mounting holes. (currently 17 mm)
*   **`lipheight`:** The height of the lip on both the base and top pieces that lock them together. (currently 2 mm)
*   **`drill_holder` (Drill Holder):** A boolean option (yes/no) to include a drill bit holder centered on the base, a cylinder that could hold a small drill bit. (currently "yes")
*  **`drill_height` (Drill Holder Height):**  The height of the drill bit holder cylinder, should `drill_holder` be set to "yes". (currently 20 mm)
* **`drill_size` (Drill Bit Diameter):** The diameter of the drill bit the drill holder should be sized for, should `drill_holder` be set to "yes". (currently 6 mm)

**Additional Requirements:**

*   The design should use the `MCAD/regular_shapes.scad` library for its hexagon function.
*   The pins on the base should be centered on the mounting holes, should have 3 separate sections: one that fits into the hole itself, one that guides the pin to the hole and a final section before the lip, with the three sections each having a distinct radius.
*   The top piece should have features removed to clear the pins on the base and create a form-fitting top piece. I'd like it to have hexagonally cutouts and round cutouts.

**What I need from the OpenSCAD file:**

*   A single OpenSCAD file that defines a module for the base (named something like `base_holder`) and a module for the top (named something like `top_holder`).
*   All the parameters listed above as variables, each clearly commented so I understand what they do.
*   Clear usage of the `MCAD/regular_shapes.scad` library where appropriate.
*   The design should be parametric, so if I change the `radpp`, `radholepp`, etc. parameters, the model adjusts accordingly.
*   I'd like both the base and top to be oriented with their flat surfaces at z=0.

Can you generate the OpenSCAD code for this?

[Assistant]
printplateholer_v05.scad:
```
// Licence: Creative Commons, Attribution, Non-commercial
// Created: 15-02-2013 by bmcage http://www.thingiverse.com/bmcage

// radius of the printplate
radpp = 15;
// radius of the holes in printplate
radholepp = 1;
// thickness of the shell, take eg 2x your nozzle diam. This is thickness of the lip, sphere will have twice this thickness!
thickshell = 0.8;
radius = radpp + thickshell;
// holes in PCB are on an equilateral triangle. Give side in mm
sidetria = 17;
radtriacircum = sidetria/sqrt(3);

//there are two possible parts
part = "base";           // [base, top_1]

//height of the lip that is used to click both parts together
lipheight = 2;

//add a drillholder pin on the base or not/
drill_holder = "yes";    // [yes, no]
//height of the drillholder
drill_height = 20;
//diameter of the drill bit
drill_size = 6;

use <MCAD/regular_shapes.scad>

module lip()
{
intersection()
  {
   translate([-1.5*radius, -1.5 *radius, 0])
           cube(size=[radius * 3, radius * 3, lipheight]);
   difference(){sphere(radius-thickshell); sphere(radius-2*thickshell);}
   }
}

module pin()
{union(){
  translate([radtriacircum,0,lipheight-0.4])cylinder(r1=4, r2=4, h=0.4);
  translate([radtriacircum, 0 , -sqrt(radius*radius-radtriacircum*radtriacircum)])
    cylinder(r1=3*radholepp, r2=3*radholepp, h=sqrt(radius*radius-radtriacircum*radtriacircum)+lipheight-2-4, $fn=10);
  translate([radtriacircum, 0 , -5])
    cylinder(r1=3*radholepp, r2=radholepp, h=5, $fn=10);
  translate([radtriacircum, 0 , -1])
    cylinder(r1=radholepp, r2=radholepp, h=lipheight+1, $fn=10);
  }
}

module holder()
{
union()
  {
  lip();
  intersection()
    {
    translate([-1.5*radius, -1.5 *radius, -2*radius])
              cube(size=[radius * 3, radius * 3, 2*radius]);
	 difference(){sphere(radius); sphere(radius-2*thickshell);}
    }
  pin();
  rotate([0,0,120]) pin();
  rotate([0,0,-120]) pin();
  if (drill_holder == "yes") {
    translate([0,0,-radius+2*thickshell]) mirror([0,0,-1]) cylinder(r=drill_size/2, h=drill_height, $fn=10);
    }
  }
}

module holderheadbase()
{
    intersection()
    {
    translate([-1.5*radius, -1.5 *radius, 0])
      cube(size=[radius * 3, radius * 3, 2*radius]);
	 difference(){sphere(radius); sphere(radius-thickshell);}
    }
}

module holderhead()
{
  difference()
  {holderheadbase();
   linear_extrude(height=2*radius) hexagon(2);
   rotate([45,0,0])cylinder(r=2, h=2*radius, $fn=10);
   rotate([45,0,60])cylinder(r=2, h=2*radius, $fn=10);
   rotate([45,0,120])cylinder(r=2, h=2*radius, $fn=10);
   rotate([45,0,180])cylinder(r=2, h=2*radius, $fn=10);
   rotate([45,0,240])cylinder(r=2, h=2*radius, $fn=10);
   rotate([45,0,300])cylinder(r=2, h=2*radius, $fn=10);
  }
}

if (part=="base")
{
  mirror([0,0,1])holder();
}
if (part == "top_1")
{
  holderhead();
}

```