[User]
Hey, I'm looking to generate a customizable box design using OpenSCAD. I need a box with a sliding lid, and I'd like to be able to adjust several parameters.

Specifically, I need to be able to set:

*   **Overall Dimensions:** The outer length (X), width (Y), and height (H) of the box. I need to define these. The internal dimensions should be automatically calculated based on the wall thickness.
*   **Wall Thickness (TH):** The thickness of the box walls.
*   **Compartments:** I'd like to be able to divide the box into compartments along both the X and Y axes. So I need to specify XCOMPS and YCOMPS to indicate the number of compartments.
*   **Lid Notch:** There should be an option to include or exclude a notch on the lid to make it easier to open. A simple cylinder cut through the lid should work.
*   **Tolerance (TOLERANCE):** A small tolerance value for the lid fit - so I can set this.
*   **Custom Text:** I want to be able to add custom text on the lid, specifying the text content (TEXT) and size (TEXTSIZE). I'd also like the option to engrave it, rather than extrude.
*  **Multiple Boxes:** I need to be able to specify how many of these box and lid sets to generate and stack them - use BOXES to represent the number of boxes.
*  **Rendering:** I need to be able to choose to render just the boxes, just the lids, or both. So RENDERLID and RENDERBOX should be variables I can set.
* **Stackable:** I need a stackable option (STACKABLE) that will modify the lids with notches to allow for stable stacking of multiple boxes.

The boxes and lids will both have a sliding mechanism to hold the lid in place. I'd like the option to have rounded corners to make it look a little nicer.

Could you generate the OpenSCAD file(s) for this, please? I think you'll need to handle some internal geometry calculations (like the internal box sizes based on thickness) - but I want to use the variables defined above.

[Assistant]
Box.scad:
```
/*[Box generator]*/

// Outer X Length (Internal=XLEN-2*Thickness):
XLEN = 80;
// Outer Y Length (Internal=YLEN-2*Thickness):
YLEN = 40;
// Outer Height (Internal=H-2*Thickness):
H = 12;
// Wall thickness (Typ. 2):
TH = 2;
// X Compartments
XCOMPS=3;
// Y Compartments
YCOMPS=2;
// Notches
NOTCH=1; // [0:No, 1:Yes]
// Tolerance (Typ. 0.1)
TOLERANCE=0.1;
// Custom text in the lid (or blank):
TEXT="MyBOX";
// Text size:
TEXTSIZE=10;
// Engrave
ENGRAVE=0; // [0:No, 1:Yes]
// Multi-BOX
BOXES=3;
// Only render 1 Lid
RENDERLID=1; // [0:No, 1:Yes]
// Only render the box
RENDERBOX=1; // [0:No, 1:Yes]
// Stackable
STACKABLE=0; // [0:No, 1:Yes]

/* [Hidden] */
// Box
module Box()
{
    union()
    {
        difference()
        {
        translate([0,0,H/2]) cube([XLEN,YLEN,H],center=true);
        translate([0,0,TH])
            linear_extrude(height = H, scale=1)
                    square([XLEN-TH*2,YLEN-TH*2],center=true);
        translate([-TH*2,0,H-TH])
            linear_extrude(height = H, scale=1)
                    square([XLEN-TH*2,YLEN-2*TH],center=true);
        translate([0,YLEN/2-TH*1.6,H-TH])
            difference()
            {
            translate([])
            rotate([-60,0,0])
            translate([-TH,0,0])
            cube([XLEN,2*TH,2*TH],center=true);
            translate([0,0,-TH]) cube([XLEN+TH*3,YLEN,2*TH],center=true);
            }
        translate([0,-(YLEN/2-TH*1.6),H-TH])
            difference()
            {
            translate([])
            rotate([60,0,0])
            translate([-TH,0,0])
            cube([XLEN,2*TH,2*TH],center=true);
            translate([0,0,-TH]) cube([XLEN+TH*3,YLEN,2*TH],center=true);
            }
        }

        if(XCOMPS>1)
        {
            translate([-XLEN/2,-YLEN/2,0])
            for(i=[1:XCOMPS-1])
                {
                translate([i*(XLEN-TH)/XCOMPS,0,0])
                    cube([TH,YLEN,H-TH],center=false);
                }
        }
        if (YCOMPS>1)
        {
            translate([-XLEN/2,-YLEN/2,0])
            for(j=[1:YCOMPS-1])
                {
                translate([0,j*(YLEN-TH)/YCOMPS,0])
                    cube([XLEN,TH,H-TH],center=false);
                }
        }
    }
}

// Lid
module Lid()
{
    translate([0,YLEN,-(H-TH)])
    union()
    {
        difference()
        {
            union()
            {
            translate([-TH/2,0,H-(TH/2)])
                cube([XLEN-TH,
                        YLEN-(TH+TOLERANCE)*2,TH],center=true);
            translate([0,YLEN/2-TH*1.6-TOLERANCE,H-TH])
                difference()
                {
                translate([])
                rotate([-60,0,0])
                translate([-TH/2,0,0])
                cube([XLEN-TH,2*TH,2*TH],center=true);
                translate([0,0,-TH]) cube([XLEN+TH*3,YLEN,2*TH],center=true);
                }
            translate([0,-(YLEN/2-TH*1.6)+TOLERANCE,H-TH])
                difference()
                {
                translate([])
                rotate([60,0,0])
                translate([-TH/2,0,0])
                cube([XLEN-TH,2*TH,2*TH],center=true);
                translate([0,0,-TH]) cube([XLEN+TH*3,YLEN,2*TH],center=true);
                }
            }
            translate([0,0,H+TH]) cube([XLEN*2,YLEN*2,TH*2],center=true);
            if(NOTCH && !STACKABLE)
            {
                translate([XLEN/2-TH*3,YLEN/4,H+TH/2])
                rotate([90,0,0])
                    cylinder(r=TH,h=YLEN/2,center=false,$fn=20);
            }
            if(ENGRAVE && !STACKABLE)
            {
            translate([-XLEN/2+2*TH,-TEXTSIZE/2,H-TH/2])
            linear_extrude(height = TH, convexity = 10)
                text(TEXT, font = "Arial:style=Black",size=TEXTSIZE);
            }
        }
        if(ENGRAVE==0 && !STACKABLE)
        {
        translate([-XLEN/2+TEXTSIZE/2,-TEXTSIZE/2,H-TH/2])
        linear_extrude(height = TH, convexity = 10)
            text(TEXT, font = "Arial:style=Black",size=TEXTSIZE);
        }
        // WOW!! You can include here your own stl to put up it ontop the lids!!!
        //scale(v = [1, 1, 1])
        //translate([0,12,10]) import ("MiniBox.stl", convexity = 2);
    }
}

module RenderBoxes()
{
    difference()
    {
        union()
        {
            for(k=[1:BOXES])
            {
                translate([0,-(YLEN*(k-1)),0]) Box();
            }
        }
        // Round corners
        union()
        {
        difference()
            {
            translate([XLEN/2-TH/2,YLEN/2-TH/2,0])
                cube([TH,TH,H],center=false);
            translate([XLEN/2-TH/2,YLEN/2-TH/2,0])
                cylinder(h=H,r=TH/2,center=false,$fn=20);
            }
        difference()
            {
            translate([-XLEN/2-TH/2,YLEN/2-TH/2,0])
                cube([TH,TH,H],center=false);
            translate([-XLEN/2+TH/2,YLEN/2-TH/2,0])
                cylinder(h=H,r=TH/2,center=false,$fn=20);
            }
        #difference()
            {
            translate([XLEN/2-TH/2,-YLEN/2-TH/2-(YLEN*(BOXES-1)),0])
                cube([TH,TH,H],center=false);
            translate([XLEN/2-TH/2,-YLEN/2+TH/2-(YLEN*(BOXES-1)),0])
                cylinder(h=H,r=TH/2,center=false,$fn=20);
            }
        #difference()
            {
            translate([-XLEN/2-TH/2,-YLEN/2-TH/2-(YLEN*(BOXES-1)),0])
                cube([TH,TH,H],center=false);
            translate([-XLEN/2+TH/2,-YLEN/2+TH/2-(YLEN*(BOXES-1)),0])
                cylinder(h=H,r=TH/2,center=false,$fn=20);
            }
        }
    }
}

// Box
if(RENDERBOX)
{
    if(STACKABLE)
        {
            union()
            {
            RenderBoxes();
            for(k=[1:BOXES])
                {
                translate([0,-YLEN*k,-TH]) Lid();
                }
            }
        }
        else
        {
        RenderBoxes();
        }
}
//Lids
if(RENDERLID)
{
for(k=[1:BOXES])
    {
    translate([-XLEN,-YLEN*k,0]) Lid();
    }
}
```


[User]
I'd like to create a customizable Sudoku game using OpenSCAD. I've seen some designs online, but I want something that's easy to modify and can produce different output types. Here’s what I’m thinking:

First, I need a way to generate individual tiles with numbers on them. These tiles need to be parametric, so I can adjust their size and thickness. The numbers should either be engraved into the tile or raised from the surface – a variable should control which of these two options is used. I also want to be able to specify which font is used for the numbers on the tiles.

Second, I need a way to generate a single tile set - all nine tiles. I want to be able to create a full set of standard sized tiles and a full set of mini tiles.

Third, I need the full Sudoku board. This should be made of many individual sections so that when assembled, there will be lines dividing the 3x3 regions as well as the 9x9 grid. The board should also be fully parametric, so I can easily adjust the overall size, the wall thickness between tiles, and the tile thickness.

I'm thinking I need a few parameters:
*   `tilesize`: This controls the size of the individual tiles.
*   `wallsize`:  The thickness of the walls between the tiles in the board.
*   `tilethick`: The thickness of the tiles.
*  `part`: A variable that will let me choose whether to generate the full board, standard set of tiles, or a mini set of tiles.
*  `font_name`: A variable that will specify the font to be used for the numbers.
*  `textorientation`: A variable that will specify if the numbers should be cut into the tile or raised.

I'd like the design to use standard OpenSCAD primitives like `cube`, `translate`, `rotate`, `linear_extrude`, `difference`, `text`, and `polyhedron` (for the board). I would also like it to use `for` loops so there aren't repeated lines of code for the board and the tile sets. I'm not sure if this will require multiple files; but if it makes sense to, please do it. I don’t have any other special library requirements.

[Assistant]
Sudoku.scad:
```
// What size should a tile be?
tilesize = 12; // [8:50]

// How thick is the wall?
wallsize = 2; // [1:10]

// How thick is a tile?
tilethick = 2; // [1:10]

// Which part should you look at?
part = "lt"; // [lt:Large Tiles,st:Small Tiles,b:Board]

font_name="Lobster"; //[Abril Fatface,Aclonica,Acme,Advent Pro,Akronim,Aladin,Alegreya,Alegreya Sans,Alegreya SC,Alex Brush,Alfa Slab One,Alice,Amaranth,Architects Daughter,Archivo Black,Archivo Narrow,Arimo,Arvo,Asap,Astloch,Asul,Averia Libre,Averia Serif Libre,Bangers,Basic,Belgrano,Berkshire Swash,Bigshot One,Bilbo Swash Caps,Black Ops One,Bonbon,Bowlby One SC,Brawler,Bubblegum Sans,Butterfly Kids,Cabin Condensed,Caesar Dressing,Cagliostro,Calligraffitti,Capriola,Carter One,Changa One,Chango,Chelsea Market,Cherry Cream Soda,Chewy,Chicle,Chivo,Clicker Script,Coming Soon,Concert One,Condiment,Cookie,Courgette,Covered By Your Grace,Crimson Text,Dancing Script,DejaVu Sans,DejaVu Serif,Dhurjati,Doppio One,Dosis,Droid Sans,Eagle Lake,Electrolize,Emilys Candy,Encode Sans,Encode Sans Compressed,Euphoria Script,Exo,Exo 2,Faster One,Federo,Finger Paint,Fjord One,Fontdiner Swanky,Freckle Face,Fruktur,Gabriela,Geo,Germania One,Give You Glory,Gloria Hallelujah,Goudy Bookletter 1911,Graduate,Grand Hotel,Great Vibes,Griffy,Hanalei Fill,Happy Monkey,Henny Penny,Hind,IM Fell English SC,Indie Flower,Irish Grover,Italianno,Jacques Francois Shadow,Jolly Lodger,Josefin Slab,Joti One,Judson,Just Another Hand,Kalam,Kameron,Karma,Kavoon,Knewave,Kranky,Kristi,Laila,Lakki Reddy,Lancelot,Lato,Leckerli One,Ledger,Lekton,Lemon One,Liberation Sans,Libre Caslon Text,Life Savers,Lilita One,Lily Script One,Limelight,Lobster,Lobster Two,Londrina Outline,Londrina Shadow,Londrina Solid,Lora,Love Ya Like A Sister,Loved by the King,Lovers Quarrel,Luckiest Guy,Lusitana,Macondo,Macondo Swash Caps,Mako,Marck Script,Margarine,Marko One,Maven Pro,McLaren,MedievalSharp,Merienda One,Merriweather,Mervale Script,Metal Mania,Metrophobic,Milonga,Miltonian Tattoo,Miss Fajardose,Molle,Montez,Montserrat,Mr De Haviland,Mystery Quest,Neucha,New Rocker,Niconne,Nosifer,Nothing You Could Do,Noto Sans Oriya,Noto Serif,Nova Square,Nunito,Old Standard TT,Oleo Script,Oleo Script Swash Caps,Orbitron,Oregano,Orienta,Original Surfer,Oswald,Over the Rainbow,Overlock,Oxygen,Pacifico,Paprika,Parisienne,Patrick Hand SC,Paytone One,Peralta,Permanent Marker,Piedra,Pirata One,Play,Playball,Poetsen One,Poppins,Press Start 2P,Princess Sofia,PT Mono,Qwigley,Racing Sans One,Raleway,Rancho,Ranga,Ribeye,Roboto,Roboto Condensed,Roboto Slab,Rochester,Rock Salt,Rubik One,Sail,Salsa,Sansita One,Sarina,Satisfy,Schoolbell,Seaweed Script,Sevillana,Shadows Into Light,Shadows Into Light Two,Share,Six Caps,Skranji,Source Sans Pro,Spicy Rice,Stardos Stencil,Stoke,Syncopate,Teko,Terminal Dosis,The Girl Next Door,Tillana,Timmana,Titillium Web,Ubuntu,Ultra,Underdog,UnifrakturCook,UnifrakturMaguntia,Vampiro One,Vidaloka,Viga,Voces,Volkhov,Vollkorn,Voltaire,Waiting for the Sunrise,Wallpoet,Wellfleet,Wendy One,Yellowtail,Yesteryear,Zeyada]

// Does the text cut in to a tile or stand out?
textorientation = "cut"; // [cut:Cut Into,stand:Stand Out]

print_part();

module print_part(){
    if (part == "lt"){
        tileset1();
    }else if (part == "st"){
        tileset2();
    }else if (part == "b"){
        board();
    }else{
        tileset1();
    }
}

module tileset1(){
    for (x = [1:1:9]){
        translate([tilesize*x-tilesize*5,0,0])
        tile(x,tilesize);
    }
}

module tileset2(){
    for (x = [1:1:9]){
        translate([tilesize/2*x-tilesize/2*5,0,0])
        tile(x,tilesize/2);
    }
}

module tile(num=1,tilesize=10){
    difference(){
        translate([0,0,tilethick/2])
        cube([tilesize-1,tilesize-1,tilethick],center=true);
        if (textorientation == "cut"){
            translate([0,0,tilethick/2])
            linear_extrude(tilethick)
            text(text=str(num), font=font_name, size=tilesize-3, halign="center",valign="center");
        }
        for(r=[0:90:359]){
            rotate(r)
            translate([tilesize/2-0.5,0,0])
            rotate([0,45,0])
            cube([tilethick/2,tilesize,tilethick/2],center=true);
        }
    }
    if (textorientation == "stand"){
        translate([0,0,tilethick/2])
        linear_extrude(tilethick)
        text(text=str(num), font=font_name, size=tilesize-3, halign="center",valign="center");
    }
}

module board(){
    for (outerx=[-1:1:1], outery = [-1:1:1]){
        translate([outerx*(tilesize*3+wallsize*4), outery*(tilesize*3+wallsize*4), 0]){
            for (innerx=[-1:1:1],innery=[-1:1:1]){
                translate([innerx*(tilesize+wallsize),innery*(tilesize+wallsize),0])
                boardtile();
            }
            for (innerx = [-1.5:1:1.5]){
                translate([innerx*(tilesize+wallsize),0,tilethick])
                cube([wallsize, (tilesize*3+wallsize*4),tilethick*2],center=true);
            }
            for (innery = [-1.5:1:1.5]){
                translate([0,innery*(tilesize+wallsize),tilethick])
                cube([(tilesize*3+wallsize*4),wallsize,tilethick*2],center=true);
            }
        }
    }
    for (x = [-1,1]){
        translate([x*(tilesize/2+tilesize+wallsize*2),0,tilethick*1.5])
        cube([wallsize, 3*(tilesize*3+wallsize*4),tilethick*3],center=true);
    }
    for (y = [-1,1]){
        translate([0,y*(tilesize/2+tilesize+wallsize*2),tilethick*1.5])
        cube([3*(tilesize*3+wallsize*4),wallsize,tilethick*3],center=true);
    }
}

module boardtile(){
    polyhedron(
        points = [
            [-tilesize/2-0.5,tilesize/2+0.5,tilethick/2], // 0
            [tilesize/2+0.5,tilesize/2+0.5,tilethick/2], // 1
            [-tilesize/2+2.5,tilesize/2-2.5,tilethick], // 2
            [tilesize/2-2.5,tilesize/2-2.5,tilethick], // 3
            [-tilesize/2+2.5,-tilesize/2+2.5,tilethick], // 4
            [tilesize/2-2.5,-tilesize/2+2.5,tilethick], // 5
            [-tilesize/2-0.5,-tilesize/2-0.5,tilethick/2], // 6
            [tilesize/2+0.5,-tilesize/2-0.5,tilethick/2], // 7
            [-tilesize/2-0.5,tilesize/2+0.5,0], // 8
            [tilesize/2+0.5,tilesize/2+0.5,0], // 9
            [-tilesize/2-0.5,-tilesize/2-0.5,0], // 10
            [tilesize/2+0.5,-tilesize/2-0.5,0], // 11
        ], faces = [
            [0,1,3,2],[1,7,5,3],[7,6,4,5],[6,0,2,4],
            [2,3,5,4],[9,8,10,11],
            [1,9,11,7],[7,11,10,6],[0,6,10,8],[1,0,8,9]
        ]);
}
```


[User]
Okay, so I'm looking to get a custom diamond shape designed in OpenSCAD. I've seen some great designs out there, but they're all pointy on the bottom, and I need a flat base for easy gluing onto another object. Think of it like a half-diamond, but with the same faceting as a real one.

I've got a basic design idea using a modified existing SCAD, but I'm not super comfortable with the code, and I'd like a more flexible parametric design. I’d like to be able to easily adjust the overall size of the diamond and the ratios of its height to its width.

Specifically, I want to be able to control these parameters:

*   **`dd` (Diamond Diameter):** This is the overall diameter of the diamond at its widest point (basically the diameter of the cylinder it starts from).
*   **`hr` (Height Ratio):**  This is a ratio that determines the overall height of the diamond based on the diameter. It should work such that a ratio of 1 will result in a final height equal to the diameter.

For the faceting, I'd like to use angles similar to a traditional round brilliant cut. I'll provide some default values for the angles, but it would be good to make them adjustable:

*   **`pag1` (Pavilion Angle 1):** This refers to the first angle of the facets of the "base" of the diamond, the part that *would* have gone to the point, had it been a full diamond. Default value 42.45.
*  **`pag2` (Pavilion Angle 2):** This is the second pavilion angle. Default value is 40.75.
*   **`cag3` (Crown Angle 3):**  This refers to the first angle of the facets at the "top" of the diamond. Default value 40.16.
*   **`cag4` (Crown Angle 4):** This is the second crown angle, with a default value of 34.5.
*   **`cag5` (Crown Angle 5):** This is the third and final crown angle, with a default value of 24.35.

I'm not really sure how to best approach creating the facets, but the original code used rotated cubes for each facet... I'd like it to be done with something that's more explicit with the angles and that results in smoother faces, if possible. If the rotated cubes are the easiest way to do it, we can do it that way... I'm sure there is more than one way to accomplish that.

The base of the diamond should be perfectly flat. It should just slice off everything below the plane where the flat base starts.

Finally, I don't need any specific libraries other than what comes with the basic OpenSCAD install. This should all be able to be accomplished without using libraries like BOSL or MCAD.

Could you help me create an OpenSCAD file or set of files for this?

[Assistant]
Diamond-Flat-Bottom.scad:
```
module sea_urchin()
difine();
//valiable data

//Diamond_size_d
dd=20;//[10:40]

//Diamond_hight_retio
hr=0.615;

// ignore variable values
pag1=42.45*1;//Pavillion_angle1
pag2=40.75*1;////Pavillion_angle2
cag3=40.16*1;////Crown_angle3
cag4=34.5*1;////Crown_angle4
cag5=24.35*1;////Crown_angle4
dh=dd*hr;//Diamond_hight_retio

difference(){
    difference() {
			translate([0,0,-dd*0.431])cylinder(h=dh,r=dd/2,$fn=48);
union(){
	for (i = [ 0 : 8-1] ) {
				rotate([0,0,360/8*i]) translate([dd/2,0,-5/cos(pag1)]) rotate([0,90-pag1,0])cube(size=[dd/2,dd/2,1.1*dd], center=true);
							}
for (i = [ 0 : 8-1] ) {
				rotate([0,0,360/8*i+22.5]) translate([dd/2,0,-5/cos(pag1)]) rotate([0,90-pag1,0])cube(size=[dd/2,dd/2,1.1*dd], center=true);
							}
	for (i = [ 0 : 8-1] ) {
				rotate([0,0,360/8*i+11.25]) translate([dd/2,0,-5/cos(pag1)]) rotate([0,90-pag2,0])cube(size=[dd/2,dd/2,dd], center=true);
							}
}
union(){
	for (i = [ 0 : 8-1] ) {
		rotate([0,0,360/8*i]) translate([dd/2,0,5/cos(cag3)]) rotate([0,90-cag3,180])cube(size=[dd/2,dd/2,dd], center=true);
							}
for (i = [ 0 : 8-1] ) {
		rotate([0,0,360/8*i+22.5]) translate([dd/2,0,5/cos(cag3)]) rotate([0,90-cag3,180])cube(size=[dd/2,dd/2,dd], center=true);
							}
}
union(){
	for (i = [ 0 : 4-1] ) {
		rotate([0,0,360/4*i+11.25]) translate([dd/2,0,5/cos(cag4)+0.0085*dd]) rotate([0,90-cag4,180])cube(size=[dd/2,dd/2,dd], center=true);
							}
for (i = [ 0 : 4-1] ) {
		rotate([0,0,360/4*i+11.25+45]) translate([dd/2,0,5/cos(cag4)+0.0085*dd]) rotate([0,90-cag4,180])cube(size=[dd/2,dd/2,dd], center=true);
							}
	for (i = [ 0 : 8-1] ) {
	rotate([0,0,360/8*i-11.25]) translate([dd/2,0,5/cos(cag5)+0.060*dd]) rotate([0,90-cag5,180])cube(size=[dd/2,dd/2,dd], center=true);
							}
		}
			};
            translate([-dd/2,-dd/2,-dd]) cube(dd,dd,dd);}

//module sea_urchin();

//translate([-dd/2,-dd/2,-dd]) cube(dd,dd,dd);

```


[User]
I'd like to create a customizable slinky-like object in OpenSCAD. I have a basic idea of how it should work, but I need some help generating the actual code.

Here's what I'm thinking:

**Core Functionality**

*   The design should revolve around a 2D shape that gets "extruded" and coiled into a 3D slinky.
*   The user should be able to choose from a few preset shapes: a regular polygon, a star, or a completely custom drawn 2D shape which is supplied as a list of 2D coordinate pairs.
*   For the star shape, I need to be able to specify the number of points and the ratio between the inner and outer radius.
*   For the polygon shape, I need to be able to specify the number of sides.
*   The custom shape should accept a list of 2D coordinates and a list describing the order of the vertices in the polygon.
* The number of coils in the slinky should be adjustable
*   The thickness and width of the coil should be adjustable. I should be able to control the vertical thickness as a fraction of horizontal width.
*   I would like to add a separator between the coils, but also have an option to make the separator zero thickness. This separator should have some breadth and an edge that connects to the coils. The breadth should be adjustable.
*   There should be an adjustable distance between the coils.

**User Parameters**

*   `coils`: Number of coils in the slinky (integer).
*   `shape_to_use`: Choice between "polygon", "star", and "custom" (string).
*   `shape`: For a custom shape, this will be a list containing an ordered list of 2D coordinates and a list that describes the polygon.
*   `shape_scale`: A scaling factor for the shape.
*   `point_number`: Number of points for the polygon or star (integer).
*   `star_radius_ratio`: Ratio of inner to outer radius for the star (float between 0 and 1).
*   `coil_breadth`: Width of the coil.
*   `coil_thickness`: Thickness of the coil (as a fraction of `coil_breadth`).
*  `separator_thickness`: The thickness of the separator (between coils). Set to 0 to remove the separator.
*   `separator_breadth1`: The breadth of the separator connected to the coil.
*   `separator_breadth2`: The breadth of the separator adjacent to the gap between coils.
*   `coil_distance`: The space between coils.
*   `build_plate_selector`: A dropdown menu to select a preset build plate, options being "Replicator 2", "Replicator", "Thingomatic", "Manual" (integer).
*   `build_plate_manual_x`: X dimension of the manual build plate (integer).
*   `build_plate_manual_y`: Y dimension of the manual build plate (integer).

**Other Considerations**

*   I'd like the code to use the `utils/build_plate.scad` file for displaying a build plate. It should be relatively straightforward to use and not require complicated modifications.
*   I'd like the actual slinky to be a polyhedron for best compatibility with slicers.
*  The code should remove duplicated points from the provided custom shape, otherwise it will break the script.
*  The code should calculate the total length of the provided shape so that the coils can be evenly spread on the Z axis.
*  The code should include a function that calculates the intersection point of a segment of the slinky with the previous segment so that the slinky has a smooth surface.
*  The code should include a function to rotate a set of points along a normal (represented by a vector) since the slinky is going to rotate along a path.
* The code should use parametric variables for everything and there should be minimal use of "hardcoded" numbers.

I think that's everything!  Let me know if you have any questions.

[Assistant]
slinkify.scad:
```
use <utils/build_plate.scad>

/* [general] */
// number of coils
coils = 35; // [1:1:100]
// Can be eighter a polygon, a star or a custom shape that can be drawn
shape_to_use = "custom"; // [polygon:polygon,star:star,custom:draw a shape]

shape = [[[13.674095, -32.972939], [-18.107155, -32.972939], [-17.939723, -30.221435], [-17.610298, -29.274941], [-17.010279, -28.572080], [-16.059577, -28.080947], [-14.678101, -27.769638], [-10.302467, -27.558876], [-11.794630, -24.130484], [-14.114459, -20.084308], [-16.716417, -16.710495], [-17.952714, -15.678895], [-19.054967, -15.299191], [-20.882213, -15.404968], [-22.571295, -16.046262], [-23.267125, -16.719586], [-23.812135, -17.709020], [-24.167565, -19.075308], [-24.294655, -20.879191], [-24.746973, -23.342369], [-25.960973, -25.951885], [-27.722224, -28.498647], [-29.816295, -30.773563], [-32.028755, -32.567542], [-34.145172, -33.671493], [-35.951116, -33.876322], [-36.670651, -33.576225], [-37.232155, -32.972939], [-38.034631, -31.022372], [-37.808983, -29.527890], [-36.839121, -28.203609], [-35.408953, -26.763643], [-33.802389, -24.922103], [-32.303337, -22.393106], [-31.195706, -18.890764], [-30.763405, -14.129191], [-31.265172, -7.624478], [-32.588014, -2.829841], [-34.458238, 0.687767], [-36.602154, 3.361395], [-38.746070, 5.624089], [-40.616295, 7.908900], [-41.939137, 10.648873], [-42.440904, 14.277059], [-42.198326, 17.710506], [-41.664654, 20.081356], [-41.130982, 22.151619], [-40.888404, 24.683309], [-41.087839, 26.432580], [-41.605855, 27.775916], [-43.115903, 29.729356], [-44.455091, 31.512779], [-44.759533, 32.643596], [-44.659964, 34.095340], [-43.816920, 38.439563], [-43.172154, 43.261560], [-42.965392, 45.204826], [-42.562193, 46.924946], [-41.699678, 48.134334], [-40.114967, 48.545403], [-39.001508, 48.260087], [-38.006340, 47.586354], [-36.102585, 45.574594], [-33.867131, 43.512052], [-32.457337, 42.774839], [-30.763405, 42.400653], [-28.946480, 42.465013], [-27.216271, 42.878774], [-24.089694, 44.272548], [-21.531066, 45.618070], [-20.510793, 45.971516], [-19.687780, 45.951435], [-19.089893, 45.507622], [-18.702614, 44.712541], [-18.467858, 42.349219], [-18.799469, 39.422747], [-19.513405, 36.494403], [-21.028771, 31.987310], [-22.110397, 27.590168], [-22.108458, 25.669260], [-21.541964, 24.059558], [-20.258876, 22.855633], [-18.107155, 22.152059], [-12.016334, 21.145711], [-8.506203, 20.337667], [-4.818092, 19.163778], [-1.050880, 17.502095], [2.696556, 15.230672], [6.325340, 12.227559], [9.736595, 8.370809], [12.607356, 3.974893], [14.780375, -0.475734], [16.405351, -4.848051], [17.631986, -9.009035], [19.489027, -16.164914], [20.418833, -18.893764], [21.549095, -20.879191], [25.837688, -25.292162], [30.011877, -28.283843], [33.930680, -30.291039], [37.453115, -31.750556], [40.438200, -33.099199], [42.744953, -34.773773], [43.599898, -35.869786], [44.232391, -37.211083], [44.624811, -38.852267], [44.759533, -40.847936], [44.375808, -42.734109], [43.352185, -44.435942], [41.879989, -45.906731], [40.150549, -47.099775], [38.355191, -47.968370], [36.685242, -48.465813], [35.332028, -48.545403], [34.486877, -48.160436], [34.567374, -47.375864], [35.527146, -46.306692], [36.861590, -44.981297], [38.066100, -43.428056], [38.636070, -41.675347], [38.525413, -40.733060], [38.066895, -39.751548], [37.197439, -38.734357], [35.853970, -37.685035], [31.492689, -35.504186], [23.872462, -32.465106], [19.262709, -30.994345], [17.664844, -30.863894], [16.313297, -31.145693], [15.039303, -31.846467]], [[0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103, 104, 105, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126, 127, 128, 129]]]; //[draw_polygon:150x150]

//scale the shape by this amount
shape_scale = 1; // [0.1:0.01:10]
//number of points for the polygon or star
point_number = 5; // [3:1:200]
//ratio of the outer and inner radius of the star
star_radius_ratio = 0.5; // [0.2:0.01:0.95]

/* [coil] */
// horizontal breadth of the coil
coil_breadth = 6; // [3:0.1:20]
// vertical thickness of the coil, relative to breadth
coil_thickness = 0.25; // [0.1:0.0001:1]
// separator between coils, set this to 0 if you do not want a separator
separator_thickness = 0.15; // [0:0.0001:1]
// part of the separator connected to the part
separator_breadth1 = 0.25; // [0.05:0.0001:0.5]
// part of the separator adjacent to the gap
separator_breadth2 = 0.075; // [0.05:0.0001:0.5]
// distance between two coils
coil_distance = 0.0375; // [0:0.0001:2]

/* [display] */
// for display only, doesn't contribute to final object
build_plate_selector = 0; // [0:Replicator 2,1: Replicator,2:Thingomatic,3:Manual]
// when Build Plate Selector is set to "manual" this controls the build plate x dimension
build_plate_manual_x = 100; // [100:1:400]
// when Build Plate Selector is set to "manual" this controls the build plate y dimension
build_plate_manual_y = 100; // [100:1:400]

build_plate(build_plate_selector, build_plate_manual_x, build_plate_manual_y);

points = (shape_to_use == "star" ? star(point_number, star_radius_ratio) * 50 :
        (shape_to_use == "polygon" ? poly(point_number) * 40 : removeDoubles(shape[0]))
    ) * shape_scale;

y1 = coil_thickness / 2;
y2 = y1 + separator_thickness;
x1 = 0.5 - separator_breadth1;
x2 = 0.5 - (separator_breadth1 - separator_breadth2) / 2;
x3 = x2 - separator_breadth2;
shape2 = (separator_thickness == 0 ?
        [[[0.5, y1], [-0.5, y1], [-0.5, -y1], [0.5, -y1]]] :
        [[[0.5, y1], [x2, y2], [x3, y2], [x1, y1], [-x1, y1], [-x3, y2], [-x2, y2], [-0.5, y1], [-0.5, -y1], [-x2, -y2],[-x3, -y2],[-x1, -y1],[x1, -y1],[x3, -y2],[x2, -y2],[0.5, -y1]]]
    ) * coil_breadth;
distance = (coil_thickness + separator_thickness * 2 + coil_distance * 2) * coil_breadth;

shape_length = totalLength();

slinky = toPolyhedron();
translate([0, 0, (coil_thickness / 2 + separator_thickness) * coil_breadth]) polyhedron(points = slinky[0], faces = slinky[1]);

function poly(n) = let (d = 360 / n)
    [for (i = [0: 1: n - 1])
        let (a = d * i) [cos(a), sin(a)]
    ];

function star(n, r) = concatAll(let (d = 360 / n)
    [for (i = [0: 1: n - 1])
        let (a = d * i, b = d * (i + 0.5))
        [[cos(a), sin(a)], [cos(b) * r, sin(b) * r]]
    ], n - 1);

// duplicate points break the script, so remove them
function removeDoubles(points, i = 0) = (i >= len(points)) ? [] :
    concat((points[i] == points[(i == len(points) - 1) ? 0 : (i + 1)]) ? [] :
        [points[i]], removeDoubles(points, i + 1));

function totalLength(i = 0) = (i >= (len(points) - 1)) ? norm(points[i] - points[0]): norm(points[i] - points[i + 1]) + totalLength(i + 1);

// recursively translates the points from the shape in the z-axis depending on the accumulated distance from the first point divided by the whole lenght of the shape
function coilPoints(i, l) =
    i == 0 ? concat([[points[i][0], points[i][1], 0]], coilPoints(1, 0)) :
        (i > len(points) ? [] :
            let (lnorm = (norm(points[i - 1] - points[(i == len(points)) ? 0 : i]) * distance) / shape_length + l)
            concat([[points[(i == len(points)) ? 0 : i][0],
                points[(i == len(points)) ? 0 : i][1], lnorm]
            ], coilPoints(i + 1, lnorm)));

// shape2 follows along the path of shape1
function follow() =
    let (coil = coilPoints(0, 0))
    [for (i = [1: len(coil)])
        let (p1 = (i == len(coil)) ? coil[1] : coil[i],
            p2 = coil[i - 1],
            d = [p2[0] - p1[0], p2[1] - p1[1]],
            n = d / norm(d),
            ps = rotateAlongNormal(shape2[0], n), [n[1], -n[0], 0])
        concat([n], addVectorToAll(ps, p2))
    ];

// each line of a segment is intersected with the same line of the last fragment to find the correct point for the edge
function intersectPoints() =
    let (raw = follow())
    [for (i = [0: len(raw) - 1])
        let (pnext = raw[i], plast = (i == 0) ? raw[len(raw) - 2] : raw[i - 1])
        [for (n = [1: len(raw[i]) - 1])
            let (p = intersect(pnext[n], plast[n], pnext[0], plast[0]))
            [p[0], p[1], pnext[n][2]]
        ]
    ];

function duplicateCoils() =
    let (intersected = intersectPoints(), l = len(intersected) - 1)
    concatAll(
        [for (i = [0: 1: coils - 1]) concatAll(
            [for (j = [0: 1: l])(j == 0 && i > 0) ? [] :
                [(addVectorToAll(intersected[j], [0, 0, distance * i]))]
            ], l)
        ]
    , coils - 1);

function toPolyhedron() =
    let (duplicated = duplicateCoils(), n = len(duplicated[0]), l = len(duplicated), pnum = len(shape2[0]))
    [concatAll(duplicated, l - 1), concat([
            [for (i = [0: 1: (pnum - 1)])(i)],
            [for (i = [0: 1: (pnum - 1)])(l * n - i - 1)]
        ], concatAll(
            [for (i = [0: 1: l * n])((((i + 2) % n == 0) || ((i + 1) % n == 0)) ?
                [[i, i + 1, i - n + 1], [i, i - n + 1, i - n]] :
                [[i + 1, i, i + pnum], [i + 1, i + pnum, i + pnum + 1]])
            ], l * n - 1)
       )
    ];

// intersects two lines in 2D space, when there is no solution return p1
function intersect(p1, p2, v1, v2) =
    let (c1 = p1[1] * v1[0] - p1[0] * v1[1],
        c2 = p2[1] * v2[0] - p2[0] * v2[1],
        d = v2[1] * v1[0] - v1[1] * v2[0])
    (d <= 0.00001 && d >= -0.00001) ? p1:
        [(c1 * v2[0] - c2 * v1[0]) / d, (v2[1] * c1 - v1[1] * c2) / d];

function addVectorToAll(vec, x) = [for (v = vec) v + x];

// only the x and y components are rotated
function rotateAlongNormal(v, n) = [for (p = v)[p[0] * n[1], -p[0] * n[0], p[1]]];

function concatAll(v, b, a = 0) = (a == b) ? v[a]:
    (a + 1 == b) ? concat(v[a], v[b]) :
        let (h = floor((a + b) / 2))
        concat(concatAll(v, h, a), concatAll(v, b, h + 1));
```


[User]
I need a parametric OpenSCAD design for a wedge-shaped mounting bracket for a Ring doorbell, specifically the Pro version. The design needs to allow for adjustable pan and pitch angles. I want to be able to customize the base dimensions, thickness, corner radius, screw hole positions and size, wire hole size and position, and also include a text label.

Here are the specific parameters I need to control:

*   **Base Dimensions:**
    *   `width`: The width of the base (along the y-axis).
    *   `length`: The length of the base (along the x-axis).
    *   `min_thickness`: The minimum thickness of the mount at its thinnest corner.
*   **Angles:**
    *   `pan_angle`: The camera pan angle (positive for right, negative for left).
    *   `pitch_angle`: The camera pitch angle (positive for up, negative for down).
*   **Corner Features:**
    *   `corner_radius`: The radius of the rounded corners of the base.
*   **Screw Holes:**
    *   `screw_hole_spacing`: The distance between the centers of the two screw holes.
    *   `screw_hole_diameter`: The diameter of the screw holes.
*   **Wire Hole:**
    *   `wire_hole_width`: The horizontal width of the wire access hole.
    *   `wire_hole_height`: The vertical height of the wire access hole.
    *   `wire_hole_offset`: The offset of the wire hole's center from the base's center along the x-axis.
    *   `wire_hole_corner_radius`: The radius for the rounded corners of the wire hole.
*   **Text Label:**
    *   `text_offset`: The vertical offset of the text label from the center.
    *   `text_size`: The font size of the text label.
    *    `text_font`: The font of the text label.
    *   `text_depth`: The extrusion depth of the text.
    *   `text_msg`: The text string to display, should default to "FRONT".

The design should create a solid, wedge-shaped base, with the specified pan and pitch angles achieved by adjusting the thickness of the mount on the appropriate sides.  The base should have rounded corners. The screw holes should be cylinders passing entirely through the base. The wire hole should be a rounded rectangle also going entirely through the base. The text label should be extruded from the front face, with the ability to be rotated.

I'm looking for a single .scad file that defines this parametric design, and I'm hoping it would be able to handle small values for the `min_thickness`, which might require use of the `linear_extrude` function as is used in the example. Please be sure to use variable names that match the names I've listed. I need all the necessary code generated from scratch, and don't need any libraries included.

[Assistant]
ring_wedge.scad:
```
// A wedge base for Ring.com Doorbell. Calibrated for the Pro version.

// Adding '0' to hide from Thingiverse customizer.
eps1 = 0.01 + 0;
eps2 = 2*eps1;

// Base width. Should match the doorbell with cover.
width = 47.16;  // along y

// Base length. Should match the doorbell with cover.
length = 115.25;  // along x

// Min thicknes among the 4 corners
min_thickness = 2;

// Camera pan angle (0 = none, positive = right, negative = left)
pan_angle = 5;

// Camera pitch angle (0 = none, positive = up, negative = down)
pitch_angle = 2;

// Radius of base corner.
corner_radius = 2;

// Spacing between screw hole centers.
screw_hole_spacing = 105.7;

// Diameter of screw holes.
screw_hole_diameter = 5;

// Horizontal size of the wires hole.
wire_hole_width = 26;

// Vertical size of the wires hole.
wire_hole_height = 35;

// Offset between the center of wire hole and base.
wire_hole_offset = 10;

// Radius of the wire hole corners
wire_hole_corner_radius = 4;

// Text vertical offset from the center.
text_offset = 35;

// Text font size.
text_size = 7;

// Text font.
text_font = "Helvetica:black";

// Text depth;
text_depth = 1;

// The text itself.
text_msg = "FRONT";

// Round faces smoothness.
$fn=64;

module corner_post(l, w, h, r) {
     translate([l/2-r, w/2-r, 0])
      cylinder(r=r, h=h);
}

module rounded_block(l, w, h, r) {
  hull() {
    corner_post(l, w, h, r);
    mirror([1, 0, 0]) corner_post(l, w, h, r);
    mirror([0, 1, 0]) corner_post(l, w, h, r);
    mirror([1, 0, 0]) mirror([0, 1, 0]) corner_post(l, w, h, r);
  }
}

module slope() {
  dh1 = (length/2) *tan(abs(pitch_angle));
  dh2 = (width/2) *tan(abs(pan_angle));
  center_thickness = dh1 + dh2 + min_thickness;
  translate([0, 0, center_thickness])
    rotate([-pan_angle, -pitch_angle, 0])
      rounded_block(length*4, width*4, 2*width, 1);
}

module screw_hole() {
  translate([screw_hole_spacing/2, 0, -eps1])
      cylinder(d=screw_hole_diameter, h=length);
}

module wires_hole() {
  translate([wire_hole_offset, 0, -eps1]) rounded_block(wire_hole_height, wire_hole_width, length, wire_hole_corner_radius);
}

module label() {
  translate([-text_offset, 0, -eps1]) linear_extrude(height = text_depth+eps1)
rotate([0, 0, 90]) mirror([1, 0, 0]) text(text_msg, halign="center",valign="center", size=text_size, font=text_font);
}

module body() {
  difference() {
    rounded_block(length, width, 2*width, corner_radius);
    slope();
    wires_hole();
    screw_hole();
    mirror([1, 0, 0]) screw_hole();
    label();
  }
}

body();

```


[User]
Okay, I need a parametric OpenSCAD design for a coin battery holder. It should be able to hold a variable number of batteries, arranged in a triangular pattern, and have separate top and bottom pieces. I'd like to be able to select the battery model from a list, and have the design automatically adjust.

Here are the key features I'm looking for:

*   **Parametric Battery Selection:** I need to be able to choose from a list of batteries like AG13/LR44, CR2025, CR2023, AG10/LR54, and LR932 (and potentially add more in the future) - each of these has different dimensions. I need a data structure that contains the key information (diameter, height, and some secondary diameters/heights for the slightly rounded edge) for each. It should also include text labels for each.
*   **Triangular Arrangement:** The batteries should be arranged in a triangular grid. I need a parameter to control how many rows to print, which will affect how many batteries are held (e.g. 2 rows = 3 batteries, 3 rows = 6 batteries, 4 rows = 10 batteries).
*   **Separate Top and Bottom:** The design should be split into two parts: a bottom piece with the battery receptacles, and a top piece that acts as a lid.
*   **Adjustable Wall Thickness and Clearance:** I need parameters to adjust the wall thickness of the holder and the clearance around the batteries to ensure a good fit.
*   **Text Labels:** The top and bottom parts should have text labels for the battery type (e.g., "AG13" and "LR44"). I will specify a font from the included UbuntuMono-B.ttf file (I expect the font will be specified as "Ubuntu Mono:style=Bold".) The size of this text should scale with the number of rows.
*   **Overlap:** To avoid zero-thickness walls, ensure a tiny overlap is present.
*   **View option:** To help me visualize the design I want an option to view a model of the battery holder without printing top and bottom layers.

I'm hoping for a design that's easy to customize and extend for different battery types and sizes. It is important that the top piece fits well, and does not easily come off, but still allows the batteries to be easily accessible.

[Assistant]
coin_battery-ag13.scad:
```
// Quality
$fn = 128; // [6:256]

// Overlap to avoid zero thickness surfaces/walls - see https://www.makerbot.com/media-center/2011/02/02/openscad-intermediates-combining-forms
O = 0.001;
// Debug with:
//O = 0.001 + $t/4;

// Wall thickness
wall = 1.2; // [0.6, 0.8, 1.0, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, 2.0, 2.2]

// Distance to allow fitting objects
dxyz = 0.2; // [0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3]

// Battery model selection, see bat_* for other sizes
bat = [11.60,  5.50, 11.30,  4.70,  8.50,  1.00, "AG13", "LR44"];

// Select part to print
part = 3; // [0:Design view only, 1:Bottom, 2:Top, 3:All]

// Rows to print, 1 is possible but pointless
rows = 4;  // [2:2 rows for 3 batteries, 3:3 rows for 6 batteries, 4:4 rows for 10 batteries, 5:5 rows for 15 batteries, 6:6 rows for 15 batteries, 7:7 rows for 28 batteries]

// D = diameter at the base, D1 = diameter near the top before curving, D2 = Diameter of the pos
//           [0=D,    1=H,   2=D1,  3=H1,  4=D2, 5=crnd, 6=Name, 7=Name2];
bat_CR2025 = [20.00,  2.80, 19.50,  3.00,  18.00,  0.40, "CR2025", ""];
bat_CR2023 = [20.00,  3.40, 19.50,  3.00,  18.00,  0.40, "CR2023", ""];
bat_AG13   = [11.60,  5.50, 11.30,  4.70,  8.50,  1.00, "AG13", "LR44"];
bat_AG10   = [11.60,  3.10, 11.40,  2.60,  9.30,  0.30, "AG10", "LR54"];
bat_LR932  = [ 9.50,  3.20,  9.30,  2.75,  8.00,  0.30, "LR932", ""];

use <UbuntuMono-B.ttf>; // ubuntu-font-family-0.83
// Font for the labels, Ex: "Source Code Pro:style=Bold"
font = "Ubuntu Mono:style=Bold";
//font = "Source Code Pro:style=Bold";

// Adjust font size on the top part, 1.4 for 2 rows (3 cells), 1.8 for 3+ is good
font_size_k = 1.8;

if (part == 0) {
    design(bat);
} else if (part == 1) {
    print_bottom(bat);
} else if (part == 2) {
    print_top(bat);
} else {
    %design(bat);
    print_bottom(bat);
    print_top(bat);
}

module button_batery_model(bat, font, O=0.001) {
    bat_d  = bat[0];
    bat_h  = bat[1];
    bat_d1 = bat[2];
    bat_h1 = bat[3];
    bat_d2 = bat[4];
    crnd   = bat[5];
    difference() {
        union() { // Positive terminal, main cylinder
            cylinder(d1=bat_d, d2=bat_d1, h=bat_h1-crnd+O);
            translate([0, 0, bat_h1-crnd]) {
                difference() { // Chamfered edge
                    rotate_extrude(convexity = 4)
                        translate([bat_d1/2-crnd, 0, 0])
                            circle(r=crnd+O);
                    translate([0, 0, -crnd-O])
                        rotate_extrude(convexity = 4)
                            translate([bat_d1/2-2*crnd-2*O, 0, 0])
                                square([crnd+O, 2*(crnd+2*O)]);
                }
            }
            union() { // Negative terminal
                translate([0, 0, bat_h1-crnd-O])
                    cylinder(d=bat_d2, h=bat_h-bat_h1+O);
                translate([0, 0, bat_h-crnd-O])
                    cylinder(d=bat_d2-2*crnd, h=crnd+O);
                translate([0, 0, bat_h-crnd])
                    rotate_extrude(convexity = 4)
                        translate([bat_d2/2-crnd, 0, 0])
                            circle(r=crnd+O);
            }
        }
        // Labels
        translate([0, 0, -O])
            linear_extrude(height=.1+O)
                text(text="+", font=font, size=bat_d/2, halign="center", valign="center");
    }
}

// Design view
module design(bat) {
    $fn = 16;
    bat_d = bat[0];
    bat_h = bat[1];
    d = bat_d + 2*(wall + dxyz);
    h = bat_h + 2*(dxyz + wall);
    translate([d*(rows+1), 0, 0]) {
        difference() {
            union() {
                translate([0, 0, 0])
                    bottom(bat);
                translate([0, 0, 0])
                    top(bat);
                translate([0, 0, wall+dxyz])
                    %bat_pos_model(bat, wall, dxyz, rows);
            }
            // Cut right half
            translate([(rows-1)*d/2, -d, -h/2]) cube([d*rows+d, d*rows+d, 2*h]);
            // Cut the rear leaving just 1/2 batteries on the front
            //translate([-d, 0, -h/2]) cube([d*rows+d, d*rows+d, 2*h]);
            // Cut 1/2 battery from the front
            //translate([-d, -d*rows-d, -h/2]) cube([d*rows+d, d*rows+d, 2*h]);
        }
    }
}

// Show the batteries positioning model
module bat_pos_model(bat, wall, dxyz, rows = 4) {
    bat_d = bat[0];
    d = bat_d + 2*wall + 2*dxyz;
    for (row = [0:1:rows - 1]) {
        dx = row*d/2;
        for (x = [0:1:rows-1-row]) {
            translate([d*x+dx, d*sin(60)*row, 0]) {
                button_batery_model(bat=bat, font=font);
//                %difference() {
//                    cylinder(d=bat_d+2*dxyz+2*wall, h=2);
//                    translate([0, 0, -.5])
//                    cylinder(d=bat_d+2*dxyz, h=3);
//                }
            }
        }
    }
}

// Print top part
module print_top(bat) {
    bat_d = bat[0];
    bat_h = bat[1];
    translate([0, 0, 2*wall + 2*dxyz + bat_h]) rotate([0, 180, 0]) top(bat);
}

// Print bottom part
module print_bottom(bat) {
    bat_d = bat[0];
    d = bat_d + 2*wall + 2*dxyz;
    translate([d*rows, d*rows, 0]) rotate([0, 0, 180]) bottom(bat);
}

// Outide space
module bat_box_out(bat=bat, wall_xtra=0) {
    bat_d = bat[0];
    bat_h = bat[1];
    d = bat_d + 2*(wall + dxyz);
    union() {
        for (row = [0:1:rows - 1]) {
            dx = row*d/2;
            for (x = [0:1:rows-1-row]) {
                dz = ((rows-row+x) % 3 - 1)*O; // avoid zero thickness walls!
                // echo(row=row, x=x, dz=dz);
                translate([d*x+dx, d*sin(60)*row, dz])
                        cylinder(d=d + 2*wall_xtra,
                                 h=bat_h+wall+dxyz+O);
            }
        }
        // TODO: Instead of hiding the openings use them to fitx the lid?
        polyhedron(
            points=[
                [0, 0, -3*O], // Left bottom
                [0, 0, bat_h+wall+dxyz+3*O], // Left top
                [(rows-1)*d, 0, -3*O],  // Right bottom
                [(rows-1)*d, 0, bat_h+wall+dxyz+3*O], // Right top
                [(rows-1)*d/2, (rows-1)*d*sin(60), -3*O], // Rear bottom
                [(rows-1)*d/2, (rows-1)*d*sin(60), bat_h+wall+dxyz+3*O], // Rear top
            ],
            faces=[
                [0,1,2], [1,3,2], // Front wall
                [2,3,4], [3,5,4], // Right wall
                [4,5,0], [5,1,0], // Left wall
                [0,2,4], // Bottom
                [1,5,3], // Top
            ],
            convexity=2
        );
    }
}

// Inside space
module bat_box_in(bat) {
    bat_d = bat[0];
    bat_h = bat[1];
    d = bat_d + 2*(wall + dxyz);
    for (row = [0:1:rows - 1]) {
        dx = row*d/2;
        for (x = [0:1:rows-1-row]) {
            dz = ((rows-row+x) % 3 - 1)*O; // avoid zero thickness walls!
            translate([d*x+dx, d*sin(60)*row, wall+dz])
                    cylinder(d=bat_d+2*dxyz, h=bat_h+dxyz+5*O);
        }
    }
}

// Bottom piece
module bottom(bat) {
    bat_d = bat[0];
    bat_h = bat[1];
    text_1 = bat[6];
    text_2 = bat[7];
    d = bat_d + 2*(wall + dxyz);
    difference() {
        union() {
            bat_box_out(bat, wall_xtra=0);
            translate([0, -d/2-O, -4*O])
                cube([(rows-1)*d, d/2+2*O, wall+8*O]);
            rotate([0, 0, 60])
                translate([0, O, -4*O])
                    cube([(rows-1)*d, d/2+2*O, wall+8*O]);
            rotate([0, 0, -60])
                translate([-(rows-1)*d/2, (rows-1)*d*sin(60), -4*O])
                    cube([(rows-1)*d, d/2+2*O, wall+8*O]);
        }
        bat_box_in(bat);
        // Label
        translate([(rows-1)*d/2, wall+bat_d/8*(rows-2), 0.4])
            rotate([0, 180, 0])
                linear_extrude(height=wall+O)
                    text(text=text_1, font=font, size=bat_d/2*font_size_k*(rows+1)/5, halign="center", valign="center");
        translate([(rows-1)*d/2, (rows-1)*d/2*sin(60), 0.4])
            rotate([0, 180, 0])
                linear_extrude(height=wall+O)
                    text(text=text_2, font=font, size=bat_d/2*font_size_k*(rows+1)/5, halign="center", valign="center");
    }
}

// Top piece
module top(bat) {
    bat_d = bat[0];
    bat_h = bat[1];
    text_1 = bat[6];
    text_2 = bat[7];
    d = bat_d + 2*(wall + dxyz);
    difference() {
        translate([0, 0, wall+dxyz]) {
            bat_box_out(bat, wall_xtra=wall+dxyz);
            translate([0, -d/2-wall-dxyz-O, bat_h+dxyz+4*O])
                cube([(rows-1)*d, d/2+wall+dxyz+2*O, wall+8*O]);
            rotate([0, 0, 60])
                translate([0, wall+dxyz+O, bat_h+dxyz+4*O])
                    cube([(rows-1)*d, d/2+2*O, wall+8*O]);
            rotate([0, 0, -60])
                translate([-(rows-1)*d/2, wall+dxyz+(rows-1)*d*sin(60), bat_h+dxyz+4*O])
                    cube([(rows-1)*d, d/2+2*O, wall+8*O]);
        }
        translate([0, 0, dxyz])
            bat_box_out(bat, wall_xtra=dxyz);
        // Label
        translate([(rows-1)*d/2, wall+bat_d/8*(rows-2), bat_h+2*wall+2*dxyz-.4])
            linear_extrude(height=wall+O)
                text(text=text_1, font=font, size=bat_d/2*font_size_k*(rows+1)/5, halign="center", valign="center");
        translate([(rows-1)*d/2, (rows-1)*d/2*sin(60), bat_h+2*wall+2*dxyz-.4])
            linear_extrude(height=wall+O)
                text(text=text_2, font=font, size=bat_d/2*font_size_k*(rows+1)/5, halign="center", valign="center");
    }
}

```


[User]
Okay, I need an OpenSCAD design for a lens cap holder that attaches to a camera strap. I've already made one, but I'd like a better, parametric version.

Here are the key features I'm looking for:

1.  **Lens Cap Holding Cylinder:** The main part needs to be a hollow cylinder that snugly holds the lens cap. The internal diameter of this cylinder should be a parameter, `cap_diameter`, so it can be easily adjusted for different lens caps. Also, I need a `cap_holder_height` parameter to control its height. There needs to be a small difference in diameters so the cap can fit inside.
2.  **Strap Attachment:** There should be a rectangular attachment piece that allows the holder to be connected to a camera strap. This attachment piece needs to have parameters to define its width, `strap_width`, and its overall height, `attachment_height`. This piece should be centered on the lens cap cylinder. The strap needs a 'hole' for the strap to go thru.
3.  **Rounded Edges:** I'd like the edges of the rectangular attachment piece to be rounded for comfort and to look better. I'd like a `rounding_radius` parameter to control the amount of rounding.
4.  **Parameters:** I want the design to be fully parametric, so I can adjust all the critical dimensions. I need parameters for: `cap_diameter`, `cap_holder_height`, `strap_width`, `attachment_height`, and `rounding_radius`.
5.  **Customizer Compatibility:** I need the design to work well with the OpenSCAD Customizer, so the parameters are easy to adjust.
6. **More rounded.** I would like more of the design to have the same rounded corners as the attachment piece.

I'm okay if you use a library like `roundedcube_simple` from the gist given below or anything you think would be useful.
https://gist.github.com/groovenectar/292db1688b79efd6ce11

[Assistant]
Lens_Cap_Holder_Sony.scad:
```
//Internal diameter of the lens cap
cap_diameter=41;

//height of the cap holder
height=5;

strap_width=12;

$fn=100;  //makes cylinder with more definition
//module from groovenectar
//https://gist.github.com/groovenectar/292db1688b79efd6ce11
module roundedcube_simple(size = [1, 1, 1], center = false, radius = 0.5) {
	// If single value, convert to [x, y, z] vector
	size = (size[0] == undef) ? [size, size, size] : size;

	translate = (center == false) ?
		[radius, radius, radius] :
		[
			radius - (size[0] / 2),
			radius - (size[1] / 2),
			radius - (size[2] / 2)
	];

	translate(v = translate)
	minkowski() {
		cube(size = [
			size[0] - (radius * 2),
			size[1] - (radius * 2),
			size[2] - (radius * 2)
		]);
		sphere(r = radius);
	}
}

//Object creation
difference(){
    cylinder(height,d=cap_diameter+3,center=true);
    cylinder(height+1,d=cap_diameter,center=true);
}
translate([0,0,-1.5]){
    difference(){
        roundedcube_simple([strap_width+6,cap_diameter+20, height-3],center=true,1);
        //cube([16,width+20,height-3],center=true);
        cube([strap_width,cap_diameter+14,height-2],center=true);
    }
}

```


[User]
I'd like to create a generator for some abstract skyscraper-like structures that are suitable for surface mode 3D printing. I envision them as hollow structures, maybe good for lamps if you put some LEDs inside. I've got a general idea, but I need help implementing it in OpenSCAD.

Here's the concept:

The basic structure is built from towers with a variable number of sides. I'd like to be able to control the number of sides (like 3, 4, 5, or 6) using a parameter. Each skyscraper will be composed of these towers placed on top of each other, with each tower level having a randomized height, controlled by a maximum "levels" parameter. So, a level of 10 would mean that each tower could be composed of a stack of 0 to 10 levels tall. I'd also like to add a twist to each level, where each level is slightly rotated. The amount of twist would be controlled by a factor, likely between 0 and 10.

I imagine the overall structure to start with a relatively large base tower, then for each face of that base, a smaller tower grows out of it (this process of smaller towers growing out of parent towers repeats recursively). Then those towers can similarly have smaller towers branching out from their faces and so on, until the random `levels` is exhausted. It's a fractal-like design with a recursive structure.

The individual towers themselves would have a cylindrical base, a series of smaller, shorter cylinder sections in the middle, and a kind of tapered top. Each level of the tower would have two cylindrical sections. The bottom cylinder section would start with a radius that is slightly larger than the top cylinder section, then the top section would have a reduced radius that expands out into the base radius of the next level. They would then be spaced vertically by the height of a cylinder section. Then, each level can be twisted slightly, as described above. At the bottom of each tower, there should be a cylindrical column that goes down a bit for stability.

I'd like to generate several different versions with random variations so I can see a variety of results. I think generating three slightly different outputs with one set of parameters would be ideal. So, if I set the number of sides to 4, the level to 15, and twist to 5, I'd get three different STL files based on that, not just one.

Could you generate this as an OpenSCAD parametric model? I’m looking for one or more `.scad` files that implements this. It shouldn’t rely on any external libraries.

[Assistant]
skyscrapers_customizer.scad:
```
/*
    Skyscrapers

    Fernando Jerez 2016

*/

// : Number of faces in towers
sides = 4; // [3:6]

// : Max levels for towers
levels = 15; // [0:20]

// : Twisted towers factor (0=no twist)
twist = 5; //[0:10]

//: Used for customizer to generate many files (irrelevant for you)
part="sky1"; // [sky1: sky1,sky2: sky2,sky3: sky3 ]

/* [Hidden] */
separation = 0.16;

/*
    3 'parts' for customizer (generate 3 STL's)
*/
if(part=="sky1"){
    difference(){
        skyscraper(120);
        // 'cut' the columns under ground level
        translate([0,0,-250]) cube([500,500,500],center = true);
    }
}
if(part=="sky2"){
    difference(){
        skyscraper(120);
        // 'cut' the columns under ground level
        translate([0,0,-250]) cube([500,500,500],center = true);
    }
}
if(part=="sky3"){
    difference(){
        skyscraper(120);
        // 'cut' the columns under ground level
        translate([0,0,-250]) cube([500,500,500],center = true);
    }
}

// Recursive module
module skyscraper(d){
    if(d>20){
        for(i=[1:sides]){
            rotate([0,0, (360/sides)*i]){
                translate([d*separation,0,0])
                rotate([0,0,180/sides]){
                    n = round(rands(0,levels,1)[0]);
                    tower(d/2,n);
                    translate([0,0,n*(d/12)]){
                        skyscraper(d/2);
                    }
                }
            }
        }

    }
}

// 'tower' module
module tower(d,n){
    l=sides;
    h=d;

    // twist
    g = twist*round(rands(-1,1,1)[0]);

    //top
    translate([0,0,n*(h/6)]) rotate([0,0,g*(n)]) cylinder(r1=d/2,r2=0,h=h/2,$fn=l);

    //middle
    if(n>0){
        for(i=[0:n-1]){
            translate([0,0,i*h/6]){
                rotate([0,0,g*i]){
                    cylinder(r1=d/2,r2=d/4,h=h/6,$fn=l);
                    cylinder(r=d/2.3,h=h/6,$fn=l);

                }
                rotate([0,0,g*(i+1)]) cylinder(r1=d/4,r2=d/2,h=h/6,$fn=l);
            }
        }
    }
    //bottom
    rotate([180,0,0])cylinder(r1=d/2,r2=d/2,h=250,$fn=l);

}

```


[User]
Hi, I'm trying to design a replacement shower drain using OpenSCAD and I'm hoping you can help. I've got some specific dimensions and features in mind, and it's a bit complex. I need it to be parametric so I can adjust things later.

The drain has a main cylindrical body with a few rings and a tube that extends downwards. It also has a screw-on knob and some cleats to prevent rotation, and some hooks to attach to the drain body. I have a good idea of the dimensions, but I'd rather have it laid out in a parametric way.

Here are the specific dimensions and requirements.

*   **Main Cylinder:**
    *   Outer Diameter (`MAIN_CYLINDER_D`): 72.5 mm
    *   Inner Diameter (`MAIN_CYLINDER_d`): 68.5 mm
    *   Height (`MAIN_CYLINDER_H`): 13 mm

*   **Rings:** These sit on the main cylinder
    *   Ring Outer Diameter (`RINGS_CYLINDER_D`): 77.5 mm
    *   Upper Ring Height (`UP_RING_H`): 2 mm
    *   Middle Ring Height (`MID_RING_H`): 3 mm
    *   Lower Ring Height (`DOWN_RING_H`): 2 mm

*   **Tube:**
    *   Top Cut Diameter (`TUBE_TOP_CUT`): 26 mm
    *   Bottom Cut Diameter (`TUBE_BOT_CUT`): 24 mm
    *   Total Height (`TUBE_H`): 70 mm
    *   Tube Wall Thickness (`TUBE_T`): 5 \* nozzle width (where `P_NOZZLE` is the nozzle width; you'll need a parameter for this)
        * External Diameter `TUBE_EXT_D` = 67
        * Internal Diameter `TUBE_INT_D` = `TUBE_EXT_D` - 2 * `TUBE_T`

*   **Bevel:**
    *   There's a bevel where the main cylinder meets the tube, calculated as  (`MAIN_CYLINDER_d` - `TUBE_INT_D`) / 2.

*   **Plate:**
    *   Distance from top of main cylinder (`PLATE_DZ`): 4.5 mm
    *   Plate Height is the main cylinder height minus plate distance, so `MAIN_CYLINDER_H` - `PLATE_DZ`

*   **Chamfer:**
    *   Chamfer radius ( `CHAMFER_R`) is the same as plate height, so `PLATE_H`

*   **Knob:**
    *   Height (`KNOB_H`): 20 mm
    *   Diameter (`KNOB_D`): 4 mm
    *   Thickness (`KNOB_T`): 3 mm

*   **Drain Cleats/Notches:**
    *   Width (`DRAIN_W`): 12 mm
	*   Cleat Width `CLEAT_W` = 6 * `P_NOZZLE`
	*   Two of them at -30 and 90-30 degrees, respectively

*   **Hooks:**
	* Outer Diameter `HOOKS_CYLINDER_D` = 73.5 mm
    *   Width (`HOOKS_W`): 6.8 mm
    *   Height (`HOOKS_H`): 3 mm
    *   Distance from top of main cylinder (`HOOKS_DZ`): 16.1 mm
    *   Distance from center along X (`HOOKS_DX`): 15 mm - `HOOKS_W` / 2

I also need to be able to switch between higher and lower `$fn` values for debugging vs final rendering. I'll also be needing a `box.scad` library file for some of the operations, so please make sure to generate that as well. I think I've covered everything.

[Assistant]
ShowerDrain.scad:
```
include <box.scad>

// DEBUG=true;
DEBUG=false;

$fn = DEBUG ? 50 : 360;
P_NOZZLE=0.4;
P_GAP=P_NOZZLE/2;

color ( "white" )
rotate ( [ 0, 180, 0 ] ) // upside down to ease printing
shower_drain ();

MAIN_CYLINDER_d = 68.5;
MAIN_CYLINDER_D = 72.5;
MAIN_CYLINDER_H = 13;

RINGS_CYLINDER_D = 77.5;
UP_RING_H = 2;
MID_RING_H = 3;
DOWN_RING_H = 2;

TUBE_TOP_CUT = 26;
TUBE_BOT_CUT = 24;
TUBE_H = 70;
TUBE_T = 5*P_NOZZLE;

TUBE_EXT_D = 67;
TUBE_INT_D = TUBE_EXT_D - 2*TUBE_T;

BEVEL = ( MAIN_CYLINDER_d - TUBE_INT_D ) / 2;

// Distance of plate from top
PLATE_DZ = 4.5;
PLATE_H = MAIN_CYLINDER_H-PLATE_DZ;

CHAMFER_R = PLATE_H;

KNOB_H = 20;
KNOB_D = 4;
KNOB_T = 3;

DRAIN_W = 12;
CLEAT_W = 6*P_NOZZLE;

HOOKS_CYLINDER_D = 73.5;
HOOKS_W = 6.8;
HOOKS_H = 3;
// Distance of hooks from top on Z
HOOKS_DZ = 16.1;
// Distance of hooks from center on X
HOOKS_DX = 15-HOOKS_W/2;

mainCylinderBox = boxCreate ( [MAIN_CYLINDER_D, MAIN_CYLINDER_D, MAIN_CYLINDER_H] );

mainCylinderBevelBox = boxMoveTopTo (
    boxCreate ( [MAIN_CYLINDER_d, MAIN_CYLINDER_d, PLATE_DZ-2*BEVEL/3] )
    , mainCylinderBox[izmax]
);

mainCylinderInteriorBox = boxMoveTopTo (
    boxCreate ( [MAIN_CYLINDER_d-2*BEVEL, MAIN_CYLINDER_d-2*BEVEL, PLATE_DZ] )
    , mainCylinderBox[izmax]
);

tubeExteriorClippingBox = boxMoveTopTo (
    boxCreate ( [TUBE_EXT_D, TUBE_EXT_D, TUBE_H+0.2] )
    , mainCylinderBox[izmax]+0.1
);

tubeInteriorClippingBox = boxMoveTopTo (
    boxCreate ( [TUBE_INT_D, TUBE_INT_D, TUBE_H+0.2] )
    , mainCylinderBox[izmax]+0.1
);

upRingBox = boxMoveTopTo (
    boxCreate ( [RINGS_CYLINDER_D, RINGS_CYLINDER_D, UP_RING_H] )
    , mainCylinderBox[izmax]
);

downRingBox = boxMoveBottomTo (
    boxCreate ( [RINGS_CYLINDER_D, RINGS_CYLINDER_D, UP_RING_H] )
    , mainCylinderBox[izmin]
);

midRingBox = boxTranslateZ (
    boxMoveTopTo (
        boxCreate ( [RINGS_CYLINDER_D, RINGS_CYLINDER_D, MID_RING_H] )
        , mainCylinderBox[izmax]
    )
    , -PLATE_DZ
);

knobOutBox = boxMoveTopTo (
    boxCreate ( [ KNOB_D+2*KNOB_T, KNOB_D+2*KNOB_T, KNOB_H+KNOB_T ] )
    , mainCylinderBox[izmax]
);

module shower_drain () {

    // The knob to screw the cap in
    knob ();

    // Render the cleats to stop the cap rotation
    notch ( r=-30, w=CLEAT_W );
    notch ( r=90-30, w=CLEAT_W );

    // Hooks to clip it on the drain body
    hooks ();

    difference() {
        union() {
            boxRenderCylinderZ ( mainCylinderBox );
            boxRenderCylinderZ ( upRingBox );
            boxRenderCylinderZ ( midRingBox );
            boxRenderCylinderZ ( downRingBox );
            tube ( TUBE_T );
            intersection () {
                boxRenderCylinderZ ( tubeExteriorClippingBox );
                chamfer ( PLATE_H );
            }
        }
        shower_drain_hole();
    }
}

module shower_drain_hole () {
    hull () {
        boxRenderCylinderZ ( boxResizeZ ( mainCylinderInteriorBox, 0.01) );
        boxRenderCylinderZ ( boxResizeZ ( mainCylinderBevelBox, 0.01) );
    }
    notch ( r=0, d=TUBE_INT_D );
    notch ( r=90, d=MAIN_CYLINDER_D );
    intersection () {
        union () {
            boxRenderCylinderZ ( tubeInteriorClippingBox );
        }
        union () {
            tube ( g=0.01 );
            chamfer ();
            knobEnvelope ();
        }
    }
}

module tube_section ( sectionBox=boxCreate ( [TUBE_INT_D, TUBE_INT_D, 0.01] ), cut=TUBE_TOP_CUT ) {
    diameter = sectionBox[idx];
    cut_complement = diameter - cut;
    clipBox = boxTranslateZ (
        boxTranslateX ( boxCreate ( [cut_complement, diameter, 0.03] ), sectionBox[ixmin]+cut_complement/2 )
        , sectionBox[iz]
    );
    difference () {
        boxRenderCylinderZ ( sectionBox );
        boxRenderCube ( clipBox );
    }
}

module tube ( t=0, g=0 ) {
    sectionTopBox = boxTranslateZ (
        boxCreate ( [TUBE_INT_D+2*t, TUBE_INT_D+2*t, 0.01] )
        , mainCylinderInteriorBox[izmin]+g
    );
    sectionBotBox = boxTranslateZ (
        boxCreate ( [TUBE_INT_D+2*t, TUBE_INT_D+2*t, 0.01] )
        , mainCylinderBox[izmax] - TUBE_H - g
    );
    hull () {
        tube_section ( sectionTopBox, TUBE_TOP_CUT+2*t, mainCylinderBox[izmax] );
        tube_section ( sectionBotBox, TUBE_BOT_CUT+2*t, mainCylinderBox[izmax] );
    }
}

module chamfer ( dh=0 ) {
    cut_complement = TUBE_INT_D/2 - TUBE_TOP_CUT + 0.3;
    chamfer_box = boxMoveRightTo (
        boxMoveTopTo (
            boxCreate ( [CHAMFER_R, TUBE_EXT_D, CHAMFER_R ] )
            , mainCylinderInteriorBox[izmin] - dh + 0.1
        )
        , cut_complement + 0.1
    );
    chamfer_cut = boxMoveRightTo (
        boxMoveTopTo (
            boxCreate ( [CHAMFER_R*2, TUBE_EXT_D, CHAMFER_R*2 ] )
            , mainCylinderInteriorBox[izmin] - dh
        )
        , cut_complement
    );
    difference () {
        boxRenderCube ( chamfer_box );
        boxRenderCylinderY ( chamfer_cut );
    }
}

module knob () {
    inBox = boxMoveTopTo (
        boxCreate ( [ KNOB_D, KNOB_D, KNOB_H ] )
        , knobOutBox[izmax]
    );
    difference () {
        knobEnvelope ();
        boxRenderCylinderZ ( inBox );
    }
}

module knobEnvelope () {
    boxRenderCylinderZ ( knobOutBox );
}

module notch ( r=0, d=MAIN_CYLINDER_D, w=DRAIN_W ) {
    notchInnerBox = boxMoveTopTo (
        boxCreate ( [d, d, PLATE_DZ+0.2] )
        , mainCylinderBox[izmax] + 0.1
    );
    notchOuterBox = boxMoveTopTo (
        boxCreate ( [RINGS_CYLINDER_D+0.1, RINGS_CYLINDER_D+0.1, PLATE_DZ] )
        , mainCylinderBox[izmax]
    );
    notchClippingBox = boxMoveTopTo (
        boxCreate ( [w, RINGS_CYLINDER_D, PLATE_DZ+0.2] )
        , mainCylinderBox[izmax] + 0.1
    );
    rotate ( [0, 0, r] )
    intersection () {
        difference () {
            boxRenderCylinderZ ( notchOuterBox );
            boxRenderCylinderZ ( notchInnerBox );
        }
        boxRenderCube ( notchClippingBox );
    }
}

module hooks () {
    innerClipingBox = boxCreate ( [ TUBE_INT_D, TUBE_INT_D, 100 ] );
    outerClipingBox = boxCreate ( [ HOOKS_CYLINDER_D, HOOKS_CYLINDER_D, 100 ] );
    hooksBox = boxTranslateX (
        boxMoveTopTo (
            boxCreate ( [HOOKS_W, RINGS_CYLINDER_D, HOOKS_H] )
            , mainCylinderBox[izmax] - HOOKS_DZ
        )
        , HOOKS_DX
    );
    difference () {
        intersection () {
            boxRenderCube ( hooksBox );
            boxRenderCylinderZ ( outerClipingBox );
        }
        boxRenderCylinderZ ( innerClipingBox );
    }
}

```


[User]
I need a new knob for my Crock Pot, and I'd like to design it in OpenSCAD. I have some ideas based on an existing design, but I want to make it parametric so I can adjust it to different cookers.

Basically, the knob has a cylindrical base with a chamfered top edge and a finger hold on top, along with a "D" shaped hole to fit onto the cooker. The original design also hollows out the underside to try and keep the heat down, and adds a little dot on top to show the knob's orientation.

Here are the parameters I think I'd like to be able to adjust:

*   `outer_diameter`: The diameter of the main cylindrical knob base.
*   `outer_height`: The height of the main cylindrical base.
*   `top_part_diameter`: The diameter of the cylindrical sections that make up the finger hold at the top.
*   `top_part_height`: The height of the finger hold above the base.
*   `d_stem_diameter`: The diameter of the "D" shaped stem/hole.
*   `d_stem_length`: The length of the "D" shaped stem/hole.
*   `chamfer_angle` : The angle for the chamfer of the top edge
*    `chamfer_depth`: The depth of the chamfer on the top edge
*   `keyway_offset`: The distance of the flat edge of the "D" shaped hole from the center.
* `hollow_triangle_radius`: The radius of the hollow triangles on the underside
* `hollow_triangle_height`: The height of the hollow triangles on the underside
* `hollow_triangle_offset`: The radius from center where hollow triangles begin
*   `dot_marker_diameter`: The diameter of the dot marker on top of the finger hold.
*   `dot_marker_height`: The height of the dot marker on top of the finger hold.

The original design uses a minkowski sum for the finger hold. I’d prefer a simpler design for this - instead of the minkowski operation, could you just use a hull of the two cylinders?

For the underside hollowing, the existing design uses a bunch of rotated, scaled cylinders, which seems kind of computationally intensive. Instead of using rotated cylinders, could you instead use rotated triangles to perform the same hollowing function?

And for the chamfer on the top edge of the knob, the original design uses lots of rotated and scaled cylinders. Is there a more efficient way to do that? Perhaps a rotation_extrude using a simple linear shape?

Finally, please include error handling - particularly for values that would cause a zero or negative radius/diameter.

I'd like to get a single `.scad` file with all the parameters and the final knob design. I do not need any external libraries. Could you generate that for me?

[Assistant]
crock_pot_knob.scad:
```
//////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// Crock Pot Knob v1
// by cpayne3d Dec 25, 2016
//
// Creative commons share alike license
// All parts of this project are not to be resold
//
// print instructions:
//   - use ABS to be heat safe if necessary for your own use.
//   - infill 20%
//   - layer height 0.25
//   - supports: No
//
// Rendering the final part takes a few minutes due to the chamfered-
// edge of the knob base. This is normal. Let OpenScad finish renderring ;^)
//
//

// The variables
outer_d = 30    /2;          // diameter of knob base
outer_h = 6.5;               // knob base height

top_part_d = 10 /2;         // diam of the hulled cylinders of the finger hold; top part
top_part_h = 6;             // height of the finger hold above the knob base

// do not change these values unless you must do so.
d_stem_d = 6.8  /2;          // diameter of the "D" stem
d_stem_len = 10.5;           // length of d_stem
keyway_x_offset = d_stem_d /2;  // offset of keyway cut

difference() {
union() {
// create the knob base, then chamfer the top edge
difference() {
  cylinder(h=outer_h, r=outer_d, $fn=100);   // knob base cylinder

// difference a chamfer on edge of base
translate([0, 0, outer_h - 0.5]) for (n=[0:40])
 rotate([0, 0, n * 15])
    {
        translate([d_stem_d * 4.5, 0, 0])
        scale([1.2, 1.25, 1]) rotate([0, -30, 180]) cylinder(h=2, r=4, $fn=3);
    }
} // end local difference for the chamfer on the knob base

// Create the finger hold on top of the knob.
minkowski() {
 hull() {  // hull together two cylinders to make the top finger hold
  translate([-(outer_d - top_part_d *1.5), 0, outer_h])  // top part x-- side
    cylinder(h=top_part_h, r=top_part_d, $fn=100);   // knob top cylinder

  translate([(outer_d - top_part_d *1.5), 0, outer_h])  // top part x++ side
    cylinder(h=top_part_h, r=top_part_d, $fn=100);   // knob top cylinder
  }  // end hull

rotate([0, 90, 0]) cylinder(h=1, r=1, $fn=30); // the cylinder for minkowski function
} // end minkowski
} // end union

//////////////////////////////////
///////// The difference section
union() {
// create the "D" shape hole in the knob base
difference() {
  translate([0, 0, -0.25]) cylinder(h=d_stem_len, r=d_stem_d, $fn=50); // d_stem

  translate([keyway_x_offset, -d_stem_d, -0.25]) cube([d_stem_d *2, d_stem_d *2, d_stem_len]);   // trim off flat side of key way of the stem
     } // end local difference

// hollow out the underside of knob with triangles. Keeps the knob cool as the crock pot radiates heat.
translate([0, 0, -0.25]) for (n=[0:12])
 rotate([0, 0, n * 60])
    {
        translate([d_stem_d * 3, 0, 0])
           scale([1.2, 1.25, 1]) rotate([0, 0, 180]) cylinder(h=outer_h - 2, r=4, $fn=3);
    }

// DOT marker in knob top part
translate([(outer_d - top_part_d), 0, outer_h + top_part_h]) cylinder(h= 2, r=2, $fn=30);

} // end diff union
} // end difference function

```


[User]
Okay, I'm working on a project that needs a flexible way to define and manipulate 3D bounding boxes in OpenSCAD. I've written a basic library, `box-001.scad`, that defines a box object as an array and provides functions to move, rotate, resize, and combine them. It also has modules to render these boxes as cubes, cylinders, and cones. I've also attached a sample `box-sample-001.scad` file showing basic usage.

I need you to recreate this functionality from scratch, creating your own library (`box-lib.scad` or something similar) with an API mimicking the one in `box-001.scad`. I'm looking for the ability to do the following:

*   **Create boxes:** define a box with a given size in x, y, and z dimensions using something like `boxCreate([x, y, z])`.
*   **Move boxes:** translate a box by a vector using functions like `boxTranslate([x, y, z])`, or `boxTranslateX(x)`, `boxTranslateY(y)`, `boxTranslateZ(z)`. Also,  move to an absolute location, move by a specific face using `boxMoveTo([x,y,z])`, `boxMoveXTo(x)`, `boxMoveYTo(y)`, `boxMoveZTo(z)`, and `boxMoveMinTo(pos)`, `boxMoveMaxTo(pos)`, `boxMoveLeftTo(x)`, `boxMoveRightTo(x)`, `boxMoveFrontTo(y)`, `boxMoveBackTo(y)`, `boxMoveBottomTo(z)`, `boxMoveTopTo(z)`.
*   **Rotate boxes:** rotate a box around its center using `boxRotate([rx, ry, rz])`, with the rotations accumulating, and also rotate from start (no previous rotations applied) using `boxRotateFromStart([rx, ry, rz])`.
*   **Resize boxes:** resize a box by adding to each side using something like `boxResize(g)` (all sides), `boxResizeX(g)`, `boxResizeY(g)`, `boxResizeZ(g)`, `boxResizeLeft(g)`, `boxResizeRight(g)`, `boxResizeFront(g)`, `boxResizeBack(g)`, `boxResizeBottom(g)`, `boxResizeTop(g)`, and `boxResizeWithArray(garray)` with `garray` as `[xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax, zmin, zmax]`. Additionally, I need to extrude one or more sides using `boxExtrudeLeft(p)`, `boxExtrudeRight(p)`, `boxExtrudeFront(p)`, `boxExtrudeBack(p)`, `boxExtrudeBottom(p)`, and `boxExtrudeTop(p)`.
*   **Combine boxes:** create a new box that encapsulates two existing boxes using `boxUnion(o1, o2)`. Glue boxes together on each face, for instance using `boxGlueOnLeft(o, o1)`, `boxGlueOnRight(o, o1)`, `boxGlueOnFront(o, o1)`, `boxGlueOnBack(o, o1)`, `boxGlueOnBottom(o, o1)`, and `boxGlueOnTop(o, o1)`.
*   **Render boxes:** provide modules to render the boxes as `boxRenderCube(o)`, `boxRenderCylinderX(o)`, `boxRenderCylinderY(o)`, `boxRenderCylinderZ(o)`, `boxRenderConeRight(o, sd)`, `boxRenderConeLeft(o, sd)`, `boxRenderConeBack(o, sd)`, `boxRenderConeFront(o, sd)`, `boxRenderConeTop(o, sd)`, and `boxRenderConeBottom(o, sd)`.
*   **Box accessors:** Provide functions like `boxGetCenter(o)`, `boxGetMin(o)`, `boxGetMax(o)`, `boxGetSize(o)`, `boxGetLocalSize(o)`, `boxGetBarycenter(o)`, `boxGetLocalBarycenter(o)`
*   **Internal function:**  Also, create `boxFillArray( o )` , `boxMoveCenter ( o, pos )`, `boxSetBarycenter ( o )`, and `boxResetCenter ( o )`,  and `boxRotatePoint(c, deg)`, and `boxRotationFromOrientation(orientation)`.

I'd like the box representation to be an array just like the original code.  The box array should include the same indices as my original code (listed at the top of `box-001.scad`). The most important thing is to keep the transformations and rendering modules consistent with what's described above.

Please generate all the necessary `.scad` files. It's important that the API should function exactly as described above; otherwise, it'll break all of my existing models that use this system.

[Assistant]
box-001.scad:
```

// Boxes (box) API

// Conventions
//  - right of the box is the face which center X position is the highest
//  - left of the box is the face which center X position is the lower
//  - top of the box is the face which center Z position is the highest
//  - bottom of the box is the face which center Z position is the lower
//  - back of the box is the face which center Y position is the highest
//  - front of the box is the face which center Y position is the lower

// Indexes in box array

// Box size in Global coordinates ie with after all rotations are applied
idx   = 0;
idy   = idx+1;
idz   = idy+1;

// Position of box center, not the barycenter
ix    = idz+1;
iy    = ix+1;
iz    = iy+1;

// Rotation angle in degree
irx    = iz+1;
iry    = irx+1;
irz    = iry+1;

// Global coordinates of envelope
ileft = irz+1;
ifront = ileft+1;
ibottom = ifront+1;
iright = ibottom+1;
iback = iright+1;
itop = iback+1;

// Local coordinates ie before rotations

// Box size
ildx   = itop+1;
ildy   = ildx+1;
ildz   = ildy+1;

// Local coordinates of center
ilx   = ildz+1;
ily   = ilx+1;
ilz   = ily+1;

// Local coordinates of envelope
illeft = ilz+1;
ilfront = illeft+1;
ilbottom = ilfront+1;
ilright = ilbottom+1;
ilback = ilright+1;
iltop = ilback+1;

ilast = iltop;

// Internal names (more readable on generic code)
ixmin = ileft;
iymin = ifront;
izmin = ibottom;
ixmax = iright;
iymax = iback;
izmax = itop;
ilxmin = illeft;
ilymin = ilfront;
ilzmin = ilbottom;
ilxmax = ilright;
ilymax = ilback;
ilzmax = iltop;

function boxGetCenter (o) = [ o[ix], o[iy], o[iz] ];
function boxGetMin (o) = [ o[ixmin], o[iymin], o[izmin] ];
function boxGetMax (o) = [ o[ixmax], o[iymax], o[izmax] ];
function boxGetSize (o) = [ o[idx], o[idy], o[idz] ];
function boxGetLocalSize (o) = [ o[ildx], o[ildy], o[ildz] ];
function boxGetBarycenter(o) = [ (o[ixmax]+o[ixmin])/2, (o[iymax]+o[iymin])/2, (o[izmax]+o[izmin] )/2 ];
function boxGetLocalBarycenter(o) = [ (o[ilxmax]+o[ilxmin])/2, (o[ilymax]+o[ilymin])/2, (o[ilzmax]+o[ilzmin] )/2 ];

// Don't move the box, just its center to the new position
// This also changes the relative position of this center from the box, then local center is also changed
function boxMoveCenter ( o, pos ) = [ for ( i = [0:len(o)-1] )
    i==ix ? pos[0] :
    i==iy ? pos[1] :
    i==iz ? pos[2] :
    i==ilx ? pos[0] - o[ix] :
    i==ily ? pos[1] - o[iy] :
    i==ilz ? pos[2] - o[iz] :
    o[i]
];
// Move the center to the barycenter of the box
function boxSetBarycenter ( o ) = boxMoveCenter ( o, boxGetBarycenter(o) );

// Add missing values in array
function boxFillArray( o ) = concat ( o, len(o)-1<ilast ? [ for ( i = [len(o):ilast] ) undef ] : [] );

// Reset the box: set its center to its barycenter, then move the box to origin
function boxResetCenter ( o ) = boxMoveTo ( boxSetBarycenter(o), [0,0,0] );

// Creates the box given input size [dx, dy, dz]
function boxCreate ( size=[0,0,0] ) = boxResetCenter ( let ( o=boxFillArray(size) ) [ for ( i = [0:len(o)-1] )
    i==idx ? size[0] :
    i==idy ? size[1] :
    i==idz ? size[2] :
    i==ix ? 0 :
    i==iy ? 0 :
    i==iz ? 0 :
    i==irx ? 0 :
    i==iry ? 0 :
    i==irz ? 0 :
    i==ixmin ? - o[idx]/2 :
    i==iymin ? - o[idy]/2 :
    i==izmin ? - o[idz]/2 :
    i==ixmax ? + o[idx]/2 :
    i==iymax ? + o[idy]/2 :
    i==izmax ? + o[idz]/2 :
    i==ildx ? size[0] :
    i==ildy ? size[1] :
    i==ildz ? size[2] :
    i==ilx ? 0 :
    i==ily ? 0 :
    i==ilz ? 0 :
    i==ilxmin ? - o[idx]/2 :
    i==ilymin ? - o[idy]/2 :
    i==ilzmin ? - o[idz]/2 :
    i==ilxmax ? + o[idx]/2 :
    i==ilymax ? + o[idy]/2 :
    i==ilzmax ? + o[idz]/2 :
    o[i]
]);

// Move the bounding box by translating it along the given vector
// Local coordinates are not affected
function boxTranslate ( o, v ) = [ for ( i = [0:len(o)-1] )
    i==ix ? o[ix] + v[0] :
    i==iy ? o[iy] + v[1] :
    i==iz ? o[iz] + v[2] :
    i==ixmin ? o[ixmin] + v[0] :
    i==iymin ? o[iymin] + v[1] :
    i==izmin ? o[izmin] + v[2] :
    i==ixmax ? o[ixmax] + v[0] :
    i==iymax ? o[iymax] + v[1] :
    i==izmax ? o[izmax] + v[2] :
    o[i]
];
function boxTranslateX ( o, x ) = let ( v=[ x, 0, 0 ] ) boxTranslate ( o, v) ;
function boxTranslateY ( o, y ) = let ( v=[ 0, y, 0 ] ) boxTranslate ( o, v) ;
function boxTranslateZ ( o, z ) = let ( v=[ 0, 0, z ] ) boxTranslate ( o, v) ;

// Move the bounding box by specifiying the new coordinates of its center, min or max points
function boxMoveTo ( o, p )     = boxTranslate ( o, [ p[0]-o[ix],       p[1]-o[iy],         p[2]-o[iz] ] ) ;
function boxMoveXTo ( o, v )   = boxTranslate  ( o, [ v-o[ix], 0, 0 ] ) ;
function boxMoveYTo ( o, v )   = boxTranslate  ( o, [ 0, v-o[iy], 0 ] ) ;
function boxMoveZTo ( o, v )   = boxTranslate  ( o, [ 0, 0, v-o[iz] ] ) ;
function boxMoveMinTo ( o, p ) = boxTranslate ( o, [ p[0]-o[ixmin],   p[1]-o[iymin],      p[2]-o[izmin] ] ) ;
function boxMoveMaxTo ( o, p ) = boxTranslate ( o, [ p[0]-o[ixmax],   p[1]-o[iymax],     p[2]-o[izmax] ] ) ;

// Move the bounding box by specifiying the new coordinates of one face
function boxMoveLeftTo ( o, x ) = boxTranslateX ( o, x-o[ixmin]) ;
function boxMoveFrontTo ( o, y ) = boxTranslateY ( o, y-o[iymin]) ;
function boxMoveBottomTo ( o, z ) = boxTranslateZ ( o, z-o[izmin]) ;
function boxMoveRightTo ( o, x ) = boxTranslateX ( o, x-o[ixmax]) ;
function boxMoveBackTo ( o, y ) = boxTranslateY ( o, y-o[iymax]) ;
function boxMoveTopTo ( o, z ) = boxTranslateZ ( o, z-o[izmax]) ;

// Rotate the box around one of its axis
// The rotation is computed from its center
// Local min and max coordinates are not affected by rotation
// Rotations are executed in that order: x then y then z
// The new rotations are applied after the current rotations of the box
// The rendering functions render the box before rotation and then rotate the rendered object
// Rotation matrix from there: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rotation_matrix
//  With rotation: [u, v, w]
function boxRotatePoint ( c, deg ) = let ( u=deg[0], v=deg[1], w=deg[2] ) [
      c[0]*(cos(w)*cos(v)) + c[1]*(cos(w)*sin(v)*sin(u)-sin(w)*cos(u)) + c[2]*(cos(w)*sin(v)*cos(u)+sin(w)*sin(u))
    , c[0]*(sin(w)*cos(v)) + c[1]*(sin(w)*sin(v)*sin(u)+cos(w)*cos(u)) + c[2]*(sin(w)*sin(v)*cos(u)-cos(w)*sin(u))
    , c[0]*(-sin(v)) + c[1]*(cos(v)*sin(u)) + c[2]*(cos(v)*cos(u))
];

// Compute the rotation ignoring previous rotations
function boxRotateFromStart ( o, deg ) = let (
    cx = o[ilx],
    cy = o[ily],
    cz = o[ilz],
    pt1=boxRotatePoint([ o[ilxmin]-cx, o[ilymin]-cy, o[ilzmin]-cz ], deg),
    pt2=boxRotatePoint([ o[ilxmin]-cx, o[ilymin]-cy, o[ilzmax]-cz ], deg),
    pt3=boxRotatePoint([ o[ilxmin]-cx, o[ilymax]-cy, o[ilzmax]-cz ], deg),
    pt4=boxRotatePoint([ o[ilxmin]-cx, o[ilymax]-cy, o[ilzmin]-cz ], deg),
    pt5=boxRotatePoint([ o[ilxmax]-cx, o[ilymin]-cy, o[ilzmin]-cz ], deg),
    pt6=boxRotatePoint([ o[ilxmax]-cx, o[ilymin]-cy, o[ilzmax]-cz ], deg),
    pt7=boxRotatePoint([ o[ilxmax]-cx, o[ilymax]-cy, o[ilzmax]-cz ], deg),
    pt8=boxRotatePoint([ o[ilxmax]-cx, o[ilymax]-cy, o[ilzmin]-cz ], deg),
    xmin = min(pt1[0], pt2[0], pt3[0], pt4[0], pt5[0], pt6[0], pt7[0], pt8[0]),
    ymin = min(pt1[1], pt2[1], pt3[1], pt4[1], pt5[1], pt6[1], pt7[1], pt8[1]),
    zmin = min(pt1[2], pt2[2], pt3[2], pt4[2], pt5[2], pt6[2], pt7[2], pt8[2]),
    xmax =max(pt1[0], pt2[0], pt3[0], pt4[0], pt5[0], pt6[0], pt7[0], pt8[0]),
    ymax = max(pt1[1], pt2[1], pt3[1], pt4[1], pt5[1], pt6[1], pt7[1], pt8[1]),
    zmax = max(pt1[2], pt2[2], pt3[2], pt4[2], pt5[2], pt6[2], pt7[2], pt8[2])
    ) [ for ( i = [0:len(o)-1] )
    i==idx ? xmax-xmin :
    i==idy ? ymax-ymin :
    i==idz ? zmax-zmin :
    i==irx ? deg[0] :
    i==iry ? deg[1] :
    i==irz ? deg[2] :
    i==ixmin ? xmin+o[ix] :
    i==iymin ? ymin+o[iy] :
    i==izmin ? zmin+o[iz] :
    i==ixmax ? xmax+o[ix] :
    i==iymax ? ymax+o[iy] :
    i==izmax ? zmax+o[iz] :
    o[i]
];

// Add new rotations to the existing ones
// Be carefull, the new rotation is not applied from current box status,
// The given deg angles are added one by one to the existing ones and the rotation is applied from start
function boxRotate ( o, deg ) = boxRotateFromStart ( o, [ deg[0]+o[irx], deg[1]+o[iry], deg[2]+o[irz] ] ) ;

// Add an amount around all the box without changing its center position
// garray is an array of amounts: [xmin, xmax, ymin, ymax, zmin, zmax]
function boxResizeWithArray ( o, garray ) =
    let (
        lxmin = o[ilxmin] - garray[0],
        lymin = o[ilymin] - garray[2],
        lzmin = o[ilzmin] - garray[4],
        lxmax = o[ilxmax] + garray[1],
        lymax = o[ilymax] + garray[3],
        lzmax = o[ilzmax] + garray[5]
    ) boxRotateFromStart ( [ for ( i = [0:len(o)-1] )
        i==ildx ? lxmax-lxmin :
        i==ildy ? lymax-lymin :
        i==ildz ? lzmax-lzmin :
        i==ilxmin ? lxmin :
        i==ilymin ? lymin :
        i==ilzmin ? lzmin :
        i==ilxmax ? lxmax :
        i==ilymax ? lymax :
        i==ilzmax ? lzmax :
        o[i]
    ],
    [ o[irx], o[iry], o[irz] ]
    );
function boxResize ( o, g ) = boxResizeWithArray ( o, [ g, g, g, g, g, g ] );
function boxResizeX ( o, g ) = boxResizeWithArray ( o, [ g, g, 0, 0, 0, 0 ] );
function boxResizeLeft ( o, g ) = boxResizeWithArray ( o, [ g, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ] );
function boxResizeRight ( o, g ) = boxResizeWithArray ( o, [ 0, g, 0, 0, 0, 0 ] );
function boxResizeY ( o, g ) = boxResizeWithArray ( o, [ 0, 0, g, g, 0, 0 ] );
function boxResizeFront ( o, g ) = boxResizeWithArray ( o, [ 0, 0, g, 0, 0, 0 ] );
function boxResizeBack ( o, g ) = boxResizeWithArray ( o, [ 0, 0, 0, g, 0, 0 ] );
function boxResizeZ ( o, g ) = boxResizeWithArray ( o, [ 0, 0, 0, 0, g, g ] );
function boxResizeBottom ( o, g ) = boxResizeWithArray ( o, [ 0, 0, 0, 0, g, 0 ] );
function boxResizeTop ( o, g ) = boxResizeWithArray ( o, [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, g ] );

// Extrude one wall to the given absolute position
function boxExtrudeLeft ( o, p ) = boxResizeWithArray ( o, [ o[ileft]-p, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ] );
function boxExtrudeRight ( o, p ) = boxResizeWithArray ( o, [ 0, p-o[iright], 0, 0, 0, 0 ] );
function boxExtrudeFront ( o, p ) = boxResizeWithArray ( o, [ 0, 0, o[ifront]-p, 0, 0, 0 ] );
function boxExtrudeBack ( o, p ) = boxResizeWithArray ( o, [ 0, 0, 0, p-o[iback], 0, 0 ] );
function boxExtrudeBottom ( o, p ) = boxResizeWithArray ( o, [ 0, 0, 0, 0, o[ibottom]-p, 0 ] );
function boxExtrudeTop ( o, p ) = boxResizeWithArray ( o, [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, p-o[itop] ] );

// Merges 2 boxes in place
// The resulting box is the bounding box of the 2 centered at the barycenter at [0,0,0]
// Rotations are reset during the operation
function boxUnion ( o1, o2 ) = let (
    dx = max(o1[ixmax],o2[ixmax]) - min(o1[ixmin],o2[ixmin]),
    dy = max(o1[iymax],o2[iymax]) - min(o1[iymin],o2[iymin]),
    dz = max(o1[izmax],o2[izmax]) - min(o1[izmin],o2[izmin])
) [ for ( i = [0:len(o1)-1] )
    i==idx ? dx :
    i==idy ? dy :
    i==idz ? dz :
    i==ix ? 0 :
    i==iy ? 0 :
    i==iz ? 0 :
    i==irx ? 0 :
    i==iry ? 0 :
    i==irz ? 0 :
    i==ixmin ? - dx/2 :
    i==iymin ? - dy/2 :
    i==izmin ? - dz/2 :
    i==ixmax ? + dx/2 :
    i==iymax ? + dy/2 :
    i==izmax ? + dz/2 :
    i==ildx ? dx :
    i==ildy ? dy :
    i==ildz ? dz :
    i==ilx ? 0 :
    i==ily ? 0 :
    i==ilz ? 0 :
    i==ilxmin ? - dx/2 :
    i==ilymin ? - dy/2 :
    i==ilzmin ? - dz/2 :
    i==ilxmax ? + dx/2 :
    i==ilymax ? + dy/2 :
    i==ilzmax ? + dz/2 :
    o[i]
];

// Glue the second box to the first one. One method for each face
// The resulting box is the bounding box of the 2 centered at the barycenter at [0,0,0]
function boxGlueOnLeft ( o, o1 ) =boxUnion ( o, boxMoveRightTo ( o1, o[ileft] ) );
function boxGlueOnRight ( o, o1 ) =boxUnion ( o, boxMoveLeftTo ( o1, o[iright] ) );
function boxGlueOnFront ( o, o1 ) =boxUnion ( o, boxMoveBackTo ( o1, o[ifront] ) );
function boxGlueOnBack ( o, o1 ) =boxUnion ( o, boxMoveFrontTo ( o1, o[iback] ) );
function boxGlueOnBottom ( o, o1 ) =boxUnion ( o, boxMoveTopTo ( o1, o[ibottom] ) );
function boxGlueOnTop ( o, o1 ) =boxUnion ( o, boxMoveBottomTo ( o1, o[itop] ) );

// Render the box as a cube
module boxRenderCube ( o ) {
    // The rendered object is centered to the barycenter, not to the box center point
    translate ( boxGetBarycenter (o) )
    rotate ( [ o[irx], o[iry], o[irz] ] )
    cube ( boxGetLocalSize (o), center=true ) ;
}

function boxRotationFromOrientation ( orientation ) =
    orientation==ixmax ? [0,90,0] :
    orientation==ixmin ? [0,-90,0] :
    orientation==iymax ? [-90,0,0] :
    orientation==iymin ? [90,0,0] :
    orientation==izmax ? [0,0,0] :
    [0,180,0]
;

// Render the box as a cylinder rotated as specified
module boxRenderCylinder ( o, d1, d2, h, orientation ) {
    // The rendered object is centered to the barycenter, not to the box center point
    translate ( boxGetBarycenter (o) )
    rotate ( [ o[irx], o[iry], o[irz] ] )
    rotate ( boxRotationFromOrientation (orientation) )
    cylinder( r1=d1/2, r2=d2/2, h=h, center = true );
}

// Render the box as a cylinder which axis is oriented on X, Y or Z
// The cylinder diameter is computed in order to use the most space while still in the box
module boxRenderCylinderX ( o ) boxRenderCylinder ( o, min(o[ildy],o[ildz]), min(o[ildy],o[ildz]), o[ildx], iright );
module boxRenderCylinderY ( o ) boxRenderCylinder ( o, min(o[ildx],o[ildz]), min(o[ildx],o[ildz]), o[ildy], iback );
module boxRenderCylinderZ ( o ) boxRenderCylinder ( o, min(o[ildx],o[ildy]), min(o[ildx],o[ildy]), o[ildz], itop );

// Render the box as a cone which small diameter (sd) point to the specified direction
// The cylinder diameter large diameter is computed in order to use the most space while still in the box
module boxRenderCone ( o, sd=0, orientation ) boxRenderCylinder ( o, min(o[idy],o[idz]), sd, o[idx], orientation );
module boxRenderConeRight ( o, sd=0 ) boxRenderCylinder ( o, min(o[ildy],o[ildz]), sd, o[ildx], iright );
module boxRenderConeLeft ( o, sd=0 ) boxRenderCylinder ( o, min(o[ildy],o[ildz]), sd, o[ildx], ileft );
module boxRenderConeBack ( o, sd=0 ) boxRenderCylinder ( o, min(o[ildx],o[ildz]), sd, o[ildy], iback );
module boxRenderConeFront ( o, sd=0 ) boxRenderCylinder ( o, min(o[ildx],o[ildz]), sd, o[ildy], ifront );
module boxRenderConeTop ( o, sd=0 ) boxRenderCylinder ( o, min(o[ildx],o[ildy]), sd, o[ildz], itop );
module boxRenderConeBottom ( o, sd=0 ) boxRenderCylinder ( o, min(o[ildx],o[ildy]), sd, o[ildz], ibottom );

/*
// Test of some modules
test =
    boxRotate (
        boxMoveTo (
            boxRotate (
                boxCreate ( [2, 10, 20] )
                , [110,30,20]
            )
            , [10, 20, 30]
        )
        , [10,0,0]
    )
;
testResized = boxResize ( test, 1 );
plane = boxCreate ( [0.0001, 10, 10] );
difference() {
    boxRenderCube( testResized );
    boxRenderCube( boxResizeX ( test, 1 ) );
    boxRenderCube( boxResizeY ( test, 1 ) );
    boxRenderCube( boxResizeZ ( test, 1 ) );
}
boxRenderCylinderX ( boxResizeX ( test, 1 ), $fn=100 );
boxRenderCylinderY ( boxResizeY ( test, 1 ), $fn=100 );
boxRenderCylinderZ ( boxResizeZ ( test, 1 ), $fn=100 );
// boxRenderCylinderZ( test );
#translate( [ testResized[ixmax], testResized[iy], testResized[iz] ] ) rotate( [0,0,0] ) boxRenderCube( plane );
#translate( [ testResized[ixmin], testResized[iy], testResized[iz] ] ) rotate( [0,0,0] ) boxRenderCube( plane );
#translate( [ testResized[ix], testResized[iymax], testResized[iz] ] ) rotate( [0,0,90] ) boxRenderCube( plane );
#translate( [ testResized[ix], testResized[iymin], testResized[iz] ] ) rotate( [0,0,90] ) boxRenderCube( plane );
#translate( [ testResized[ix], testResized[iy], testResized[izmax] ] ) rotate( [0,90,0] ) boxRenderCube( plane );
#translate( [ testResized[ix], testResized[iy], testResized[izmin] ] ) rotate( [0,90,0] ) boxRenderCube( plane );
*/

```
box-sample-001.scad:
```
include <box-001.scad>

$fn = 180;

mainBoxSize = [8.4, 9.1, 10.5];
cylinderXSize = [8.5, 1.2, 1.2];
cylinderYSize = [0.8, 5.4, 0.8];
cylinderYRotation = [ 42, 0, 0];

mainBox = boxCreate ( mainBoxSize );
cylinderX = boxMoveLeftTo ( boxCreate ( cylinderXSize ), mainBox[ixmax] );
cylinderY = boxMoveFrontTo (
    boxMoveBottomTo (
        boxMoveLeftTo (
            boxRotate (
                boxCreate ( cylinderYSize )
                , cylinderYRotation )
            , cylinderX[ix] )
        , cylinderX[iy] )
    , cylinderX[iz]
);

color ( "White" )
boxRenderCube ( mainBox );

color ( "Red" )
boxRenderCylinderX ( cylinderX );

color ( "Green" )
boxRenderConeBack ( cylinderY );

```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking for an OpenSCAD design for a tarp clamp, something I can 3D print. Basically, it's a clip that goes around a rod or pipe and then has a gap where the tarp gets wedged in. I need to be able to adjust the size of the pipe it clamps to, the wall thickness of the clamp, and the size of the opening where the tarp goes.

So, here are the parameters I need:

*   **`inner_radius`**: This is the radius of the circle that clamps around the pipe.
*   **`wall_thickness`**: This controls the thickness of the clamp itself.
*   **`open_angle`**:  This is the size of the opening (in degrees) where the tarp will go. It's basically the gap in the circle of the clamp.
*   **`height`**: The height of the clamp – how tall it is along the pipe axis.

I also want some round-over or chamfer on the edges that form the opening, like the ones in the example file. This provides extra strength to the clamp. I'm fine with the specifics of the chamfers being controlled internally by the code, but I do need them to be there.

The design should use `rotate_extrude` for the main body. I remember seeing some code that handled a versioning problem, so if the version is < 20190500, use some kind of workaround with linear extrusion and intersection, otherwise just use `rotate_extrude`.

I think I saw some code that used a function named `angle_from_law_of_cosines` and module `pie_slice`, you could reuse those too.

Could you generate that?

[Assistant]
tarp_clamp_V2.scad:
```
inner_radius = 12.5;
wall_thickness = 2.5;
open_angle = 80;//[25:170]
height = 30.0;

/* [Hidden] */
$fn = 200;

/* improved by Pascal */

module pie_slice(r, start_angle, end_angle) {
    R = r * sqrt(2) + 1;
    a0 = (4 * start_angle + 0 * end_angle) / 4;
    a1 = (3 * start_angle + 1 * end_angle) / 4;
    a2 = (2 * start_angle + 2 * end_angle) / 4;
    a3 = (1 * start_angle + 3 * end_angle) / 4;
    a4 = (0 * start_angle + 4 * end_angle) / 4;
    if(end_angle > start_angle)
        intersection() {
        circle(r);
        polygon([
            [0,0],
            [R * cos(a0), R * sin(a0)],
            [R * cos(a1), R * sin(a1)],
            [R * cos(a2), R * sin(a2)],
            [R * cos(a3), R * sin(a3)],
            [R * cos(a4), R * sin(a4)],
            [0,0]
       ]);
    }
}

module rotate_extrude_helper(angle){
    if(version_num() < 20190500){
        intersection(){
            linear_extrude(height)
                pie_slice(inner_radius + 1.505 * wall_thickness, 0, angle);
            rotate_extrude()
                children();
        }
    }else{
        rotate_extrude(angle = angle)
            children();
    }
}

function angle_from_law_of_cosines(a, b, c) = acos((pow(c, 2) - pow(a,
2) - pow(b, 2)) / (-2 * a * b));

outer_radius = inner_radius + wall_thickness;
rotate([0, 0, open_angle / 2])
{
    difference(){
        union(){
            rotate_extrude_helper(angle = 360 - open_angle)
                translate([inner_radius, 0])
                        square([1.5 * wall_thickness, height]);

            translate([outer_radius, 0])
                    cylinder(r = wall_thickness, height);
            rotate([0, 0, -open_angle])
                translate([outer_radius, 0])
                        cylinder(r = wall_thickness, height);
        }
        translate([outer_radius, 0])
                cylinder(r = wall_thickness * 0.6, height);
        rotate([0, 0, -open_angle])
            translate([outer_radius, 0])
                    cylinder(r = wall_thickness * 0.6, height);

        round_edge_angle_offset =
angle_from_law_of_cosines(outer_radius, outer_radius + wall_thickness, 2
* wall_thickness);

        rotate([0, 0, round_edge_angle_offset])
            translate([outer_radius + wall_thickness, 0])
                    cylinder(r = wall_thickness, height);
        rotate([0, 0, -open_angle - round_edge_angle_offset])
            translate([outer_radius + wall_thickness, 0])
                    cylinder(r = wall_thickness, height);

        rotate([0, 0, round_edge_angle_offset])
            rotate_extrude_helper(angle = 360 - open_angle - 2 *
round_edge_angle_offset)
                translate([inner_radius + wall_thickness, 0])
                        square([0.505 * wall_thickness, height]);
    }
}

```