[User]
Hey, I'm looking to create a parametric OpenSCAD design for a somewhat random-looking spacecraft, and I'm having trouble figuring out where to start. I'd like the design to use the MCAD library, specifically for the `regular_shapes.scad` file.

The general idea is a central fuselage with a bunch of randomized shapes. It would be great if I could control the overall look by inputting a single seed number. This seed should control all the random parameters of the design, so that if I use the same seed number I get the same result every time.

The main fuselage should be a revolved shape with a pointed nose, and maybe a flat or rounded tail. I'd like the nose and tail shapes to be controlled by random parameters. There should be some options for additional features on the fuselage. For example, there could be some additional spherical or cylindrical engine details. Also, there could be options for axial rings, quantum rings, and fed discs, all of which should use random size, position, and count.

Then, around the fuselage I want to have a randomized number of "pods", sort of like secondary engines. I want the number of pods, their shapes, and their positioning to all be randomized, and this includes things like their rotation relative to the main fuselage and their position in 3D space. Each pod should have some kind of pylon connecting them to the main fuselage. The pods themselves should consist of a central cylindrical shape with a randomized nose and tail as well. It would be great if the cylindrical extrusion used a circle shape with a random number of sides (e.g. a triangle or icosagon rather than only a circle).

Finally, the whole thing should sit on a base. It doesn't need to be very complex, just a stand. A simple cylindrical stand on a hexagonal base would probably do.

Do you think you could help me generate the necessary OpenSCAD file or files?

[Assistant]
customizer_spacecraft.scad:
```
use <MCAD/regular_shapes.scad>

// Please input a numerical seed value for repeatable randomization
seed = 555555;

/* [Hidden] */
r0 = rr(0,0);
r6 = rr(0,1);
sc = rands(13,20,1,seed+7)[0];
podScaleX = rands(0.1,3,1,seed+8)[0];
podScaleY = rands(0.1,3,1,seed+9)[0];
podShape = rands(3,18,1,seed+10)[0];
podLength = rands(3*sc,5.5*sc,1,seed+11)[0];
podRadius = rands(sc/6,sc/2,1,seed+12)[0];
pylonDiameter = podRadius/2;
podOffsetR = rands(10,30,1,seed+13)[0];
podOffsetY = rands(0,sc*4,1,seed+14)[0];
podCount = round(rands(0,8,1,seed+15)[0]);
podRotate0 = (rands(0,1,1,seed+16)[0] < 0.5 ? -90 : 90);
podRotate1 = (podCount == 1 ? podRotate0 : rands(0,180,1,seed+17)[0]);
podRotate2 = 180 - podRotate1;
podRotate3 = (rands(0,1,1,seed+18)[0] < 0.5 ? -1 : 1);
podRotate4 = round(rands(0,2,1,seed+19)[0])*90;
podOffsetAngles = [0,90,rands(-75,75,1,seed+20)[0],rands(-75,0,1,seed+21)[0],rands(15,75,1,seed+44)[0],90,0,90,22.5];
podOffsetA = podOffsetAngles[podCount];
podOffsetX = (podCount == 1 ? 0 : podOffsetR * cos(podOffsetA));
podOffsetZ = podOffsetR * sin(podOffsetA);
podOffsetZ3 = podOffsetR * (podOffsetZ > 0 ? -1 : 1);

function rr(rm,delta) = rands(rm < 2 ? 2 : rm,10,1,seed+delta)[0];

module tail(tailShape, radius, height, seedDelta, faces) {
    tailRemoval = radius * 2;
    if (tailShape != 2) { // tailShape == 2 means flat tail
        difference() {
            union() {
                if (tailShape == 0) {
                    sphere(radius,$fn=faces);
                } else if (tailShape == 1) {
                    translate([0,0,-height]) cylinder(h=height,r1=0,r2=radius,$fn=faces);
                }
            }
            translate([0,0,tailRemoval]) cube([tailRemoval,tailRemoval,tailRemoval], center=true);
        }
    }
}

module nose(noseShape, pos, radius, height, seedDelta, faces, allowDiscs) {
    discSquash1 = rands(0.25,0.75,1,seed+23+seedDelta)[0];
    discSquash2 = rands(1.33,4,1,seed+24+seedDelta)[0];
    noseRemoval = radius * discSquash2 * 2;
    revisedNoseShape = (noseShape == 2 ? (r6 > 6 ? 0 : 2) : noseShape);
    if (revisedNoseShape != 2) { // revisedNoseShape == 2 means flat nose
        difference() {
            union() {
                if (revisedNoseShape == 0) {
                    translate([0,0,pos]) sphere(radius,$fn=faces);
                } else if (revisedNoseShape == 1) {
                    translate([0,0,pos]) cylinder(h=height,r1=radius,r2=0,$fn=faces);
                }

                // discs
                if (allowDiscs) {
                    if (rands(0,1,1,seed+25+seedDelta)[0] < 0.25) {
                        translate([0,0,pos]) scale([1,discSquash1,discSquash2]) sphere(radius,$fn=faces);
                    }
                    if (rands(0,1,1,seed+26+seedDelta)[0] < 0.25) {
                        translate([0,0,pos]) scale([discSquash1,1,discSquash2]) sphere(radius,$fn=faces);
                    }
                    if (rands(0,1,1,seed+27+seedDelta)[0] < 0.25) {
                        rotate([0,0,45]) translate([0,0,pos]) scale([discSquash1,1,discSquash2]) sphere(radius,$fn=faces);
                        rotate([0,0,-45]) translate([0,0,pos]) scale([discSquash1,1,discSquash2]) sphere(radius,$fn=faces);
                    }
                }
            }
            translate([0,0,pos -(noseRemoval/1.99)]) cube([noseRemoval,noseRemoval,noseRemoval], center=true);
        }
    }
}

module fuselage() {
    union() {
        rotate([90,0,0]) {
            union() {
                rotate_extrude($fn=72) polygon( points=[[0,0],[r0,0],[rr(r0,2),1*sc],[rr(r0,3),2*sc],[rr(r0,4),3*sc],[rr(r0,5),4*sc],[rr(r0,6),5*sc], [r6,6*sc],[0,6*sc]] );
                nose(round(rands(0,2,1,seed+22)[0]), 6*sc, r6, sc, 0, 72, true);
            }
        }
        if (rands(0,1,1,seed+46)[0] < 0.5) {
            engineSpheres();
        }
    }
}

module podAndPylon(x, y, z, zDiff, r, seedDelta) {
    union() {
        translate([x, y, z]) {
            rotate([90,0,0]) {
                rotate([0,0,r]) {
                    scale([podScaleX,podScaleY,1]) {
                        union() {
                            linear_extrude(height=podLength) circle(r=podRadius, $fn=podShape);
                            nose(round(rands(0,2,1,seed+22+seedDelta)[0]), podLength, podRadius, sc, seedDelta, podShape, false);
                            tail(round(rands(0,2,1,seed+28+seedDelta)[0]), podRadius, sc, seedDelta, podShape);
                        }
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        hull() {
            translate([0,-(podLength/2),0]) cube([pylonDiameter,pylonDiameter,pylonDiameter],center=true);
            translate([x,y-(podLength/2)-podRadius,z]) cube([pylonDiameter,pylonDiameter,pylonDiameter],center=true);
        }
    }
}

module pods() {
    if (podCount > 4) {
        startRotation = podOffsetA;
        incrementRotation = 360 / podCount;
        endRotation = startRotation + 360;
        for (a = [startRotation:incrementRotation:endRotation]) {
            podAndPylon(podOffsetR * cos(a), podOffsetY, podOffsetR * sin(a), 0, (podRotate4 - a) * podRotate3, 1000);
        }
    }
    if (podCount == 4) {
        podAndPylon(podOffsetX, podOffsetY, -podOffsetZ, 0, 180+podRotate2, 1000);
        podAndPylon(-podOffsetX, podOffsetY, -podOffsetZ, 0, 180+podRotate1, 1000);
    }
    if (podCount == 3) {
        podAndPylon(0, podOffsetY, podOffsetZ3, (podOffsetZ3<0?podRadius:-podRadius), podRotate0, 1000);
    }
    if (podCount < 5) {
        podAndPylon(podOffsetX, podOffsetY, podOffsetZ, 0, podRotate1, 1000);
    }
    if (podCount == 2 || podCount == 3 || podCount == 4) {
        podAndPylon(-podOffsetX, podOffsetY, podOffsetZ, 0, podRotate2, 1000);
    }
}

module rotateAroundPoint(angle, point) {
    translate(point) rotate(angle) translate(-point) children();
}

module engine(x,z,r) {
    type = round(rands(0,1,1,seed+45)[0]);
    if (type == 0) {
        translate([x,0,z]) sphere(r, $fn=72);
    } else {
        translate([x,0,z]) rotate([-90,0,0]) cylinder(r1 = r/2, r2 = r, h = sc / 4, $fn=72);
    }
}

module engineSpheres() {
    if (r0 > 5) {
        sphereRad = r0 / 5;
        engine(0, 0, sphereRad);
        sphereRingRad1 = sphereRad * 2;
        sphereRingRad2 = sphereRad * 4;
        sphereCount1 = round((sphereRingRad1 * 2 * 3.141592653589793238) / (sphereRad * 2));
        sphereCount2 = round((sphereRingRad2 * 2 * 3.141592653589793238) / (sphereRad * 2));
        for (sph1 = [1:1:sphereCount1]) {
            angle1 = (sph1 - 1) * (360 / sphereCount1);
            engine(sphereRingRad1 * cos(angle1), sphereRingRad1 * sin(angle1), sphereRad);
        }
        for (sph2 = [1:1:sphereCount2]) {
            angle2 = (sph2 - 1) * (360 / sphereCount2);
            engine(sphereRingRad2 * cos(angle2), sphereRingRad2 * sin(angle2), sphereRad);
        }
    }
}

module axialRing(radius, offset) {
    translate([0,-offset,0]) rotate([90,0,0]) oval_torus(radius, thickness=[4,2], $fn=72);
    spokeCount = round(rands(1,8,1,seed+37)[0]);
    for (spoke = [0:(360/spokeCount):360]) {
        translate([0,-offset,0]) {
            rotate([0,spoke,0]) {
                cylinder(r1=2,r2=0.5,h=radius,$fn=36);
            }
        }
    }
}

module axialRings() {
    count = round(rands(0,3,1,seed+36)[0]);
    offset = rands(sc*0.5,sc*5.5,1,seed+38)[0];
    radius = rands(r6*2,r6*4,1,seed+39)[0];
    axialRing(radius,offset);
    if (count > 0) {
        for (ar = [1:1:count]) {
            radiusMultiplier = rands(0.75,1.25,1,seed+40+ar)[0];
            axialRing(radius * radiusMultiplier,offset + (ar*2));
            axialRing(radius * radiusMultiplier,offset - (ar*2));
        }
    }
}

module quantumRing(rotationAngle, rotationPoint, vOffset, hOffset) {
    translate([0, sc*hOffset, vOffset]) rotateAroundPoint(rotationAngle, rotationPoint) oval_torus(sc, thickness=[4,2], $fn=72);
}

module quantumRings() {
    count = round(rands(0,4,1,seed+29)[0]);
    quantumRing([0,0,0],[0,0,0],0,0.67);
    if (count > 0) {
        for (q = [1:1:count]) {
            quantumRing([10*q,0,0],[0,-sc,0],(r6/10)*q,0.67);
            quantumRing([-10*q,0,0],[0,-sc,0],(-r6/10)*q,0.67);
        }
    }
}

module fedDisc() {
    neck = r0 > 2 ? r0 : 2;
    discOffset = rands(0,sc*7,1,seed+48)[0];
    discHeight = rands(-sc*1.25,sc*1.25,1,seed+49)[0];
    maxBase = (discOffset + sc) < (sc * 5.75) ? (discOffset + sc) : (sc * 5.75);
    minBase = (discOffset - sc) > (sc * 0.25) ? (discOffset - sc) : (sc * 0.25);
    discBase = rands(minBase,maxBase,1,seed+50)[0];
    discRad = rands(sc/2, sc*2, 1, seed+46)[0];
    discRatio = rands(0.5,1,1,seed+47)[0];
    translate([0,-discOffset,discHeight]) rotate_extrude($fn=72) polygon( points=[[0,0],[discRatio*discRad,0],[discRad,2.5],[discRad,5],[discRatio*discRad,7.5],[0,7.5]] );
    hull() {
        translate([0,-discBase,0]) cube([neck,sc * 0.25,0.1],center=true);
        translate([0,-discOffset,discHeight < 0 ? discHeight + 3.75 : discHeight + 3.75]) cube([neck,discRad/3,0.1],center=true);
    }
}

module stand(offset, height) {
    translate([0,-offset,-height]) {
        //base
        union() {
            linear_extrude(height=5, scale=0.8) hexagon(36.662); // 2.5" flat-to-flat
            translate([0,0,5]) linear_extrude(height=5, scale=0.5) hexagon(29.3296);
        }

        //neck
        union() {
            translate([0,0,10]) cylinder(r1=3.9,r2=1.95,h=(height-10),$fn=36);
            translate([0,0,2]) cylinder(r1=3.9,r2=3.9,h=8,$fn=36);
        }
    }
}

// spacecraft
union() {
    engineBell = (rands(0,1,1,seed+46)[0] < 0.5) && (r0 > 5) && (round(rands(0,1,1,seed+45)[0]) == 1);
    if (rands(0,1,1,seed+30)[0] < 0.5 && !engineBell) {
        quantumRings();
        scale([1+rands(0,0.4,1,seed+35)[0],1,0.4 + rands(0,0.6,1,seed+32)[0]]) fuselage();
    } else {
        scale([0.75 + rands(0,0.5,1,seed+34)[0],1,0.75 + rands(0,0.5,1,seed+33)[0]]) fuselage();
    }
    if (rands(0,1,1,seed+31)[0] < 0.5) {
        if (podCount > 0) {
            pods();
            stand(1.75 * sc, 45);
        } else {
            stand(3 * sc, 45);
        }
    } else {
        stand(3 * sc, 45);
    }
    if (rands(0,1,1,seed+40)[0] < 0.5) {
        axialRings();
    }
    if (rands(0,1,1,seed+51)[0] < 0.5) {
        fedDisc();
    }
}

```


[User]
I'm looking to create a customizable wet palette for miniature painting, and I'd like to use OpenSCAD to design it. I need a few different parts: a bottom plate, a sponge holder, and a lid. The sponge holder should be designed to hold a kitchen sponge and should incorporate magnets to securely hold it in place to the plate, as well as the plate and lid together.

Here's what I'm envisioning:

*   **Bottom Plate:**
    *   Should be a flat base with a recess to accommodate the sponge holder.
    *   Should have spaces to embed magnets for attaching the holder as well as the lid.
    *   I'd like options for both a minimal thickness plate with raised magnet areas and a completely flat bottom, and would like to choose between these as a variable.
*   **Sponge Holder:**
    *   A tray-like piece that fits snugly inside the recess of the bottom plate.
    *   It also needs magnet pockets, and I'd like to choose between having these just in the corners, or in the corners plus center and edge magnets.
*   **Lid:**
    *   A cover that fits over the plate and holder.
    *   Should overlap with the base slightly and should have an option for magnet pockets as well or a flat lid, I will likely use no magnets in the lid.

I'd like to be able to control the following parameters:

*   **Sponge Size:** Length, width, and height.
*   **Magnet Dimensions:** Diameter and height.
*   **Side Thickness:** The thickness of the walls of both the plate and the lid.
*   **Minimum Plate Thickness:** The height of the plate's bottom, not including magnet recesses.
*   **Minimum Lid Thickness:** The height of the lid's filling.
*   **Lid Overlap:** How much the lid extends beyond the base.
*   **Holder Gap:** The gap between the sponge holder and the plate's walls.
*   **Lid Gap:** The gap between the lid and the plate.

And for the styles I'd like to be able to choose:

*   **Holder Style:**  "corners" for magnets only in the corners, or "cross" for magnets in the corners, center and sides.
*  **Plate Style:** "min" for minimal plate thickness with magnet recesses, or "flat" for a flat plate bottom.
*   **Lid Style:** "withMagnets" for a lid with magnets, or "noMagnets" for a lid without magnets.

I'd also like to have a preview that shows all parts together for checking how it will all fit, as well as the option to export all parts separately.

Could you please generate the necessary OpenSCAD code for this design? I'm assuming the final OpenSCAD file will be in the same style as the example I provided where all design code is in one file.

[Assistant]
wet-palette.scad:
```
/* [Styles] */

// Which part would you generate?
part = "preview"; // [preview:All parts together,all:All parts separated,plate:Palette Bottom Plate,holder:Sponge Holder,lid:Lid]
holderStyle = "corners"; // [cross:Magnet in center and all corners,corners:Magnets only in corners]
plateStyle = "min"; // [min:Minimum thickness with raised magnets,flat:Flat plate bottom]

/* [Sizes] */

// Inner size for sponge x direction
spongeLength = 110;
// Inner size for sponge y direction
spongeWidth = 110;
// Inner size for sponge z direction
spongeHeight = 4;

/* [Magnets] */
magnetDiameter = 8;
magnetHeight = 2.6;

/* [Advanced] */
sideThickness =  2; // Plate sides thickness
minPlateThickness = 1; // Plate height without magnet height
minLidThickness = 0.6; // Lid filling height
lidOverlap = 5;

/* [Hidden] */
lidStyle = "noMagnets"; // [withMagnets:Lid with magnets in corners;noMagnets:Lid without magnets]

holderGap = 0.2; // Gap between holder and plate sides
lidGap = holderGap; // Gap between lid and plate sides
spongeSize = [spongeLength, spongeWidth, spongeHeight];
plateThickness = (plateStyle == "flat" ? magnetHeight + minPlateThickness : minPlateThickness); // bottom height
holderHeight = magnetHeight + minPlateThickness;

magnetHoldRadius = magnetDiameter/2 + 2;
holderOutline = min(magnetHoldRadius*2, 6);
magnetSideDistance = magnetHoldRadius + sideThickness + holderGap; // distance between magnet center and part edge
plateOuterRadius = magnetSideDistance;
plateInnerRadius = plateOuterRadius - holderHeight;
lidInnerRadius = plateOuterRadius + lidGap/2;
lidOuterRadius = lidInnerRadius + sideThickness/2;

plateSize = [
    spongeSize[0] + 2*sideThickness,
    spongeSize[1] + 2*sideThickness,
    spongeSize[2] + minPlateThickness + holderHeight + (plateStyle == "flat" ? magnetHeight : 0)
];

lidSize = [
    plateSize[0] + 2*sideThickness,
    plateSize[1] + 2*sideThickness,
    (lidStyle == "withMagnets" ? magnetHeight + minLidThickness + lidOverlap : minLidThickness + lidOverlap)
];

$fs = 0.15;
fix = 1;

if (part == "preview") {
    plate();
    color("RosyBrown") holder(spongeSize[2] + plateThickness);
    %translate([0,0,plateSize[2]-lidOverlap]) lid();
} else if (part == "all") {
    plate();
    translate([0,0,holderHeight]) rotate([0,180,0]) holder(0);
    translate([lidSize[0]*2,0,lidSize[2]]) rotate([0,180,0]) lid();
} else if (part == "plate") {
    plate();
} else if (part == "holder") {
    translate([plateSize[0],0,holderHeight]) rotate([0,180,0]) holder(0);
} else if (part == "lid") {
    translate([lidSize[0],0,lidSize[2]]) rotate([0,180,0]) lid();
}

module lid() {
    holeSize = [
        plateSize[0] + 2*lidGap,
        plateSize[1] + 2*lidGap,
        lidOverlap + fix
    ];

    difference() {
        translate([-sideThickness, -sideThickness, 0]) roundedcube(lidSize, radius=lidOuterRadius);
        translate([-lidGap, -lidGap, -fix]) roundedcube(holeSize, radius=lidInnerRadius);

        if (lidStyle == "withMagnets") {
            magnets(h=magnetHeight+fix, d=magnetDiameter, z=lidOverlap-fix, onlyCorners=true);
        }
    }
}

// Palette bottom plate.
module plate() {
    holeSize = [
        spongeSize[0],
        spongeSize[1],
        plateSize[2]
    ];

    difference() {
        roundedcube(plateSize, radius=plateOuterRadius); // outer

        // inner hole
        translate([sideThickness, sideThickness, plateThickness]) {
            roundedcube(holeSize, radius=plateInnerRadius);
        }
        magnets(h=magnetHeight+fix, d=magnetDiameter, z=minPlateThickness);
    }

    if (plateStyle == "min") {
        difference() {
            magnets(h=magnetHeight+minPlateThickness, d=magnetSideDistance*2-sideThickness, z=0);
            magnets(h=magnetHeight+fix, d=magnetDiameter, z=minPlateThickness);
        }
    }
}

// Palette sponge holder.
module holder(holderLift) {
    outerSize = [
        spongeSize[0] - holderGap*2,
        spongeSize[1] - holderGap*2,
        holderHeight
    ];

    holeSize = [
        outerSize[0] - 2*holderOutline,
        outerSize[1] - 2*holderOutline,
        holderHeight + 2*fix
    ];
    sideWithGap = sideThickness + holderGap;
    function holeHalf(index) = plateSize[index]/2-holderOutline/2;

    difference() {
        union() {
            difference() {
                translate([sideWithGap, sideWithGap, holderLift]) {
                   roundedcube(outerSize, radius=magnetHoldRadius);
                }

                translate([sideWithGap+holderOutline, sideWithGap+holderOutline, holderLift - fix]) {
                    roundedcube(holeSize);
                }
            }

            magnets(h=magnetHeight+minPlateThickness, d=magnetHoldRadius*2, z=holderLift);

            if (holderStyle != "corners") {
                translate([sideWithGap+holderOutline, holeHalf(1), holderLift])
                    cube([holeSize[0], holderOutline, holderHeight]);

                translate([holeHalf(0), sideWithGap+holderOutline, holderLift])
                    cube([holderOutline, holeSize[1], holderHeight]);
            }
        }

        magnets(h=magnetHeight+fix, d=magnetDiameter, z=holderLift-fix);
    }
}

module magnets(h, d, z, onlyCorners=false) {
    posCorners = [
        [magnetSideDistance, magnetSideDistance, z],
        [magnetSideDistance, plateSize[1] - magnetSideDistance, z],
        [plateSize[0] - magnetSideDistance, magnetSideDistance, z],
        [plateSize[0] - magnetSideDistance, plateSize[1] - magnetSideDistance, z],
    ];
    posCenter = [
        [plateSize[0]/2, plateSize[1]/2, z],
    ];
    posCenterSides = [
        [magnetSideDistance, plateSize[1]/2, z],
        [plateSize[0]/2, magnetSideDistance, z],
        [plateSize[0]/2, plateSize[1] - magnetSideDistance, z],
        [plateSize[0] - magnetSideDistance, plateSize[1]/2, z],
    ];

    magnetCylinder(posCorners, h, d);
    if (!onlyCorners && holderStyle != "corners") {
        magnetCylinder(posCenter, h, d);
        magnetCylinder(posCenterSides, h, d);
    }
}

module magnetCylinder(positions, h, d) {
    for (pos = positions) translate(pos) {
        cylinder(h=h, d=d);
    }
}

// Rounded cube
module roundedcube(size, radius = 0) {

    if (radius <= 0) {
        cube(size);
    } else {
        // If single value, convert to [x, y, z] vector
        size = (size[0] == undef) ? [size, size, size] : size;
        height = size[2];
        translatePos = [
            [radius, radius, 0],
            [size[0] - radius, radius, 0],
            [radius, size[1] - radius, 0],
            [size[0] - radius, size[1] - radius, 0],
        ];

        hull() {
            for (pos = translatePos) translate(pos) {
                cylinder(h=height, r=radius);
            }
        }
    }
}
```


[User]
Hey there, I'd like to design a customizable pen holder, and I'm hoping you can help me create the OpenSCAD files for it.

Basically, I want a cylindrical pen cup with a spiraled wall. I need to be able to adjust the overall height and radius of the cup. The wall should be made of two sets of interlocking spirals that twist in opposite directions. I'd like to be able to adjust the tightness of the spirals (how much they twist over the height) and also the radius of the individual spiral strands.

It would be awesome if the design could be split into two parts for printing with a dual extruder. One part would be the base plus half of the spirals, and the other part would be the top and the other half of the spirals. This would allow for two-tone coloring.

Oh, and it would be great if the base has a flat bottom and top, and the top of the cup has a flat lip too so they can be printed properly.

The main parameters I want to be able to change are:

*   `h` for the overall height of the pen holder
*   `r` for the radius of the cylinder
*   `spiralTwist` to control the overall twist amount per unit of height
*   `spiral_r` to control the radius of the individual spiral strands

I don't need image engraving for now, so you can skip that.

I'm not too familiar with which libraries are available, but could you please use whatever you need to make this work? I do expect to not need any additional libraries, though. Thanks!

[Assistant]
justAnotherPenHolder.scad:
```
// Which one would you like to see?
part = "both"; // [both:Entire Pen Holder,colorA:bottom and half of the helixes,colorB:top and other half of the helixes]

h= 110; // [30:1000]
r = 35; // [14:500]

spiralTwist = 1; // [0:0.05:4]
spiral_r = 3; // [1:0.5:5]

/* [Hidden] */
spiralDivision = 2*(round(r/10)+1);
i = 360/r;
j = 360/spiralDivision;

////Image engraving on bottom plate?
//engrave = "no";
//
//image = "zia_200x200.png";
//
//logox = 500;
//logoy = 500;

module spiralA(){
	union(){
		translate([0,0,-4]) cylinder(r=r+3,h=4,$fn=2*spiralDivision);
		for (x = [0:j:360]) {
			rotate ([0,0,x]) linear_extrude(height = h, center = false, convexity = 10, twist = spiralTwist*h, slices = h) translate([r, 0, 0]) rotate([0,0,0]) circle(r = spiral_r, $fn=5);
		}
	}
}

module spiralB(){
	union(){
		for (x = [180/spiralDivision:j:360]) {
			rotate ([0,0,x]) linear_extrude(height = h, center = false, convexity = 10, twist = -spiralTwist*h, slices = h) translate([r, 0, 0]) rotate([0,0,0]) circle(r = spiral_r, $fn=5);
		}
		difference() {
			translate([0,0,h]) cylinder(r=r+3,h=4,$fn=2*spiralDivision);
			translate([0,0,h]) cylinder(r=r-3,h=4,$fn=2*spiralDivision);
		}
	}
}

module print_part() {
	if (part == "colorA") {
		spiralA();
	} else if (part == "colorB") {
		difference(){
			spiralB();
			spiralA();
		}
	} else {
		union(){
			spiralA();
			spiralB();
		}
	}
}

//if (engrave == "yes") {
//	difference(){
//		translate([0,0,4]) print_part();
//		translate([0,0,4])
//			scale([1.6*r/logox,1.6*r/logoy,0.01])
//				rotate([0,0,-j/4])
//					#surface(file = image, center=true,invert=true);
//	}
//} else {
	translate([0,0,4]) print_part();
//}
```


[User]
I'd like to create a design that's somewhat abstract and generative, using OpenSCAD. I want it to be built upon the concept of a base with a series of randomly generated, different-sized elements rising from it, sort of like skyscrapers on a city grid. I want to be able to control the size of the base and, generally, the range of sizes for the "skyscrapers."

Importantly, I'd like the generation to be driven by a random seed so that I can recreate specific designs or explore a range of possibilities by changing the seed. I also want to have some parameters to adjust the *style* of the generation. I'd like one style parameter to control the likelihood of the 'skyscrapers' being tall, and another style parameter to control whether they even exist at all. I think I'd like to work with 10 of the "skyscrapers" in my design. I'd want these elements to be simple rectangular prisms, not anything fancy. I do expect this design to be printable, so no hanging pieces.

It would also be nice if the chosen random seed was displayed somewhere on the model itself and was also echoed to the console. The random sequence should be output to the console as well so that I can inspect them and figure out how they connect to the output. I'd like the main random number sequence to have 30 elements.

For the actual code generation, it seems important to have an easy way to switch between using the Customizer or the regular OpenSCAD program. It should be able to use the same code structure for random number generation whether I'm using the Customizer or using the OpenSCAD preview.

I don't have any custom libraries already installed, so please be sure your code doesn't rely on any external libraries.

[Assistant]
makermaker.scad:
```
// mathgrrl maker maker

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// CUSTOMIZER DISPLAY SETTINGS

// preview[view:south, tilt:top]

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// SIZE PARAMETERS

/* [Size Settings] */

// Some overall dimension
A = 100;

// Another overall dimension
B = 30;

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// STYLE PARAMETERS

/* [Style Settings] */

// controls scaling of elements in random subsequence1
// number from 0 (min allowable) to 10 (max allowable)
style1 = 7;

// controls likelihood of true/false in random subsequence2
// number from 0 (always false) to 10 (always true)
style2 = 8;

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// RANDOM SEED

/* [Choose Random Seed] */

// USE THIS ONE WITH OPENSCAD
// comment this out if using Customizer
// OpenSCAD chooses a random seed
//random_seed = floor(rands(1,9999999,1)[0]);

// USE THIS ONE WITH CUSTOMIZER
// comment this out if using OpenSCAD
// Click anywhere in the slider to choose a seed
random_seed = 8675309; // [1:1:9999999]

// OR TYPE IN A SEED MANUALLY
// works both in OpenSCAD and Customizer
// Overrides the slider seed unless set to 0
custom_seed = 0;

// set the random snowflake seed
seed = (custom_seed==0) ? random_seed : custom_seed;

// Show random seed? (it won't print even if you say yes)
show_seed = "yes"; //[yes:Yes,no:No]

// Create a string to output the random seed
// thank you laird for showing me how to do this with your code
// from http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:188481
labelString=str(floor(seed/1000000)%10, floor(seed/100000)%10,
                floor(seed/10000)%10, floor(seed/1000)%10,
                floor(seed/100)%10, floor(seed/10)%10,
                floor(seed/1)%10);

// Display the random seed in the render
if(show_seed=="yes"){
    translate([0,-30,0])
        color("gray")
        %linear_extrude(height=1)
            text(labelString,size=4,halign="center");
}

// Output the random seed in the log
echo(labelString);

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// RANDOM SEQUENCES

// construct the main random sequence
// a list of random real numbers in [0,10] based on the chosen seed
maxSteps=30*1;
random = rands(0,10,maxSteps,seed);
echo(random);

// subsequence of 10 items from the main sequence
// weighted by style1
subrandom1 = [for(i=[0:10-1]) random[i]*style1];
echo(subrandom1);

// subsequence of another 10 items from the main sequence
// output as true/false verdicts by comparison to style2
subrandom2 = [for(i=[10:10+10-1]) random[i]<=style2];
echo(subrandom2);

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// RENDERS

// example: flat base based on overall size parameters
cube([A,B,10],center=true);

// example: cubes
// heights based on subrandom1, visibility based on subrandom2
color("white")
for (i=[0:10-1]){
    if (subrandom2[i]==true){
        translate([(i-5)*(A/12)+A/24,0,5+subrandom1[i]/2])
        cube([5,5,subrandom1[i]],center=true);
    }
}

///////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// MODULES

// put shapes here
```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to create a customizable mini-stand using OpenSCAD, and I'd like the design to be parametric. I've seen a few examples out there, but I want one that's a bit more tailored to my needs.

Here's what I'm envisioning:

The mini-stand should have two main panels, a "recto" side and a "verso" side, with a hinge connecting them. Each panel should have space for four lines of text, which I'd like to be able to customize individually for both sides. So, I'll need parameters for `rectoString1`, `rectoString2`, `rectoString3`, `rectoString4`, and the same for the `verso` side.

I also want the ability to control the text's appearance, so parameters for `textScale`, `textOffset` (to move the text down), and `textLineHeight` are essential. I'll want to adjust these to make sure everything fits nicely. I’d like to use the "DejaVu Sans:style=Condensed Bold" font.

The basic dimensions of the stand are as follows, all in millimeters:
`standWidth`: 40
`standHeight`: 62
`standDepth`: 5
`standCornerRadius`: 2.5
`standHandleWidth`: 20
`standHandleHeight`: 3.5
`standHandleOffset`: 3.5
`frameWidth`: 36
`frameHeight`: 51
`frameBorder`: 0.8
`frameDepth`: 1.2
`frameOffset`: 3.6
`legLength`: 7.5
`legWidth`: 10
`legCutAngle`: 23
`hingeSideWidth`: 7.6
`hingeMiddleWidth`: 11
`hingeLength`: 7.5
`armLength`: 40
`armWidth`: 4
`armThickness`: 3
`minimumThickness`: 0.4
`hingeConeAngle`: 60
`clearance`: 0.5 (I need this to be adjustable as well!)

The panels should have rounded corners using the `standCornerRadius` and there should be a handle cutout defined by `standHandleWidth`, `standHandleHeight` and `standHandleOffset`. There should also be legs at the bottom, cut at an angle defined by `legCutAngle`.

The text should be placed within a frame on each panel with the `frameWidth`, `frameHeight`, `frameBorder` and `frameDepth` parameters.

The hinge should be designed as a rotating cylinder at the center of the stand and I’d like to keep that with the cone-shaped design.

Finally, the stand should have a locking arm that fits into a slot on the other side of the hinge. This arm should have a hole that fits into the hinge.

I'm not too concerned about the specific order of modules/code, but I would like the following to be a part of the design:
- a `miniStand` module that puts all the parts together
- a `panel` module to draw each side of the stand
- a `frame` module to draw the text frame
- a `leg` module to draw the legs
- a `hinge` module to draw the hinge
- a `hinge2DProfile` module to draw the 2D hinge shape
- an `arm` module to draw the locking arm
- an `armHole` module for the hole in one side of the panel
- an `armLockHole` module for the hole in the other panel for the locking arm

I'm aiming for a high level of precision, so I would like `$fn` set to 40 in the file.

I think that's everything, let me know if you need more information or if anything is unclear.

[Assistant]
mini-stand_recto-verso.scad:
```
/*
 * =====================================
 *   This is public Domain Code
 *   Contributed by: Gael Lafond
 *   24 November 2017
 * =====================================
 *
 * Mini-stand, OpenSCAD version from muzz64:
 *   https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:1977933
 *
 * Re-modeled with muzz64 permission.
 *
 * Units are in millimetres.
 */

/* [Basic] */

// The original model have a clearance of 0.5mm. A clearance of 0.2mm works very well with precise printers like the Prusa i3.
clearance = 0.5; // [0.0:0.1:1]

// First line of text (recto)
rectoString1 = "DO";

// Second line of text (recto)
rectoString2 = "NOT";

// Third line of text (recto)
rectoString3 = "TURN";

// Forth line of text (recto)
rectoString4 = "OFF";

// First line of text (verso)
versoString1 = "DO";

// Second line of text (verso)
versoString2 = "NOT";

// Third line of text (verso)
versoString3 = "TURN";

// Forth line of text (verso)
versoString4 = "ON";

// Scale of the text, adjust to make it fit
textScale = 0.7; // [0.1:0.05:1]

// Move the text down
textOffset = -19; // [-40:1:40]

// Move the text down
textLineHeight = 16; // [1:1:50]

/* [Advanced] */

// Precision
$fn = 40;

// Font used for the text. For a list of available fonts, use: Help > Font List
font = "DejaVu Sans:style=Condensed Bold";

standWidth = 40;
standHeight = 62;
standDepth = 5;
standCornerRadius = 2.5;

standHandleWidth = 20;
standHandleHeight = 3.5;
standHandleOffset = 3.5;

frameWidth = 36;
frameHeight = 51;
frameBorder = 0.8;
frameDepth = 1.2;
frameOffset = 3.6;

legLength = 7.5;
legWidth = 10;
legCutAngle = 23; // TODO Calculate from "arm" length

hingeSideWidth = 7.6;
hingeMiddleWidth = 11;
hingeLength = 7.5;

// The arm underneath, used to lock the mini-stand
armLength = 40;
armWidth = 4;
armThickness = 3;

minimumThickness = 0.4;
hingeConeAngle = 60;

// Extra padding to help when evaluating 3D difference.
diffExtra = 0.1;

// Variables calculated to simplify the code
// Hinge angle
hingeTheta = 90 - hingeConeAngle;
// hingeOffset is the distance between the tip of the cone and the tip of the conic hole
hingeOffset = clearance / sin(hingeTheta);

hingeConeHoleRadius = standDepth/2 - minimumThickness;
hingeConeHoleLength = hingeConeHoleRadius / tan(hingeTheta);

hingeConeLength = hingeConeHoleLength + clearance - hingeOffset;
hingeConeRadius = hingeConeLength * hingeConeHoleRadius / hingeConeHoleLength;

// Clearance on both side
armHoleWidth = armWidth + 2*clearance;
armHoleLength = armLength + 2*clearance;
// Increase clearance on top of the arm (we don't want it to get stuck inside)
armHoleDepth = armThickness + 2*clearance;

armHingeConeHoleRadius = armThickness/2 - minimumThickness;
armHingeConeHoleLength = armHingeConeHoleRadius / tan(hingeTheta);

armHingeConeLength = armHingeConeHoleLength + clearance - hingeOffset;
armHingeConeRadius = armHingeConeLength * armHingeConeHoleRadius / armHingeConeHoleLength;

legInnerLength = legLength - (standDepth / tan(90-legCutAngle));
armEndRadius = armThickness / 2;

// Debuging
*color([0, 0, 1, 0.2]) {
	//import("../orig/blank.stl");
	import("../orig/do_not_turn_off.stl");
}

// Debuging
*difference() {
	miniStand();
	translate([0, 50, 0]) {
		cube([200, 100, 100], center=true);
	}
}

miniStand();

module miniStand() {
	translate([hingeLength, standWidth/2, 0]) {
		rotate([0, 0, -90]) {
			difference() {
				panel("recto");
				armHole();
			}

			arm();
		}
	}

	translate([-hingeLength, -standWidth/2, 0]) {
		rotate([0, 0, 90]) {
			difference() {
				panel("verso");
				armLockHole();
			}
		}
	}

	color([1, 0, 0]) {
		hinge();
	}
}

// One of the 2 side of the stand, without the hinge, without hole at the back.
module panel(side = "recto") {
	color([1, 0, 0]) {
		linear_extrude(standDepth) {
			difference() {
				union() {
					// Panel with holes for the rounded corner
					translate([0, standCornerRadius]) {
						square([standWidth, standHeight - standCornerRadius]);
					}
					translate([standCornerRadius, 0]) {
						square([standWidth - (standCornerRadius * 2), standCornerRadius]);
					}

					// Rounded corner
					translate([standCornerRadius, standCornerRadius]) {
						circle(r = standCornerRadius);
					}
					translate([standWidth - standCornerRadius, standCornerRadius]) {
						circle(r = standCornerRadius);
					}
				}

				// Handle (hole)
				translate([(standWidth - standHandleWidth) / 2, standHandleOffset]) {
					square([standHandleWidth, standHandleHeight]);
				}
			}
		}

		// Legs
		translate([0, standHeight, 0]) {
			leg();
		}
		translate([standWidth - legWidth, standHeight, 0]) {
			leg();
		}
	}

	// Frame
	color([1, 1, 1]) {
		translate([
			standWidth / 2,
			standHeight / 2 + frameOffset,
			standDepth
		]) {
			rotate([0, 0, 180]) {
				frame(side);
			}
		}
	}
}

// The frame around the text
module frame(side = "recto") {
	linear_extrude(frameDepth) {
		difference() {
			square([frameWidth, frameHeight], center = true);
			square([
				frameWidth - (frameBorder * 2),
				frameHeight - (frameBorder * 2)
			], center = true);
		}

		scale([textScale, textScale]) {
			translate([0, -textOffset]) {
				if (side == "recto") {
					text(rectoString1, font = font, halign = "center");
				} else {
					text(versoString1, font = font, halign = "center");
				}
			}
			translate([0, -textOffset - textLineHeight]) {
				if (side == "recto") {
					text(rectoString2, font = font, halign = "center");
				} else {
					text(versoString2, font = font, halign = "center");
				}
			}
			translate([0, -textOffset - textLineHeight*2]) {
				if (side == "recto") {
					text(rectoString3, font = font, halign = "center");
				} else {
					text(versoString3, font = font, halign = "center");
				}
			}
			translate([0, -textOffset - textLineHeight*3]) {
				if (side == "recto") {
					text(rectoString4, font = font, halign = "center");
				} else {
					text(versoString4, font = font, halign = "center");
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

// The legs at the bottom, cut in an angle
module leg() {
	rotate([90, 0, 90]) {
		linear_extrude(legWidth) {
			polygon([
				[0, 0],
				[legInnerLength, 0],
				[legLength, standDepth],
				[0, standDepth]
			]);
		}
	}
}

module hinge() {
	// Middle part
	difference() {
		translate([0, hingeMiddleWidth/2, standDepth/2]) {
			rotate([90, 0, 0]) {
				linear_extrude(hingeMiddleWidth) {
					hinge2DProfile();
				}
			}
		}
		// Conic holes
		translate([0, hingeMiddleWidth/2, standDepth/2]) {
			rotate([90, 0, 0]) {
				cylinder(r1 = hingeConeHoleRadius, r2 = 0, h = hingeConeHoleLength);
			}
		}
		translate([0, -hingeMiddleWidth/2, standDepth/2]) {
			rotate([-90, 0, 0]) {
				cylinder(r1 = hingeConeHoleRadius, r2 = 0, h = hingeConeHoleLength);
			}
		}
	}

	// Side parts
	translate([0, hingeMiddleWidth/2 + hingeSideWidth + clearance, standDepth/2]) {
		rotate([90, 180, 0]) {
			linear_extrude(hingeSideWidth) {
				hinge2DProfile();
			}
		}
	}
	translate([0, hingeMiddleWidth/2 + clearance, standDepth/2]) {
		rotate([90, 0, 0]) {
			cylinder(r1 = hingeConeRadius, r2 = 0, h = hingeConeLength);
		}
	}

	translate([0, -hingeMiddleWidth/2 - clearance, standDepth/2]) {
		rotate([90, 180, 0]) {
			linear_extrude(hingeSideWidth) {
				hinge2DProfile();
			}
		}
	}
	translate([0, -hingeMiddleWidth/2 - clearance, standDepth/2]) {
		rotate([-90, 0, 0]) {
			cylinder(r1 = hingeConeRadius, r2 = 0, h = hingeConeLength);
		}
	}
}

module hinge2DProfile() {
	// NOTE: Parameter "d" (diameter) is only available from OpenSCAD 2014.03
	circle(r = standDepth/2);
	translate([0, -standDepth/2]) {
		square([hingeLength, standDepth]);
	}
}

module arm() {
	translate([
		(standWidth - armWidth) / 2,
		(standHeight - armLength) / 2,
		0
	]) {
		difference() {
			cube([armWidth, armLength - armEndRadius, armThickness]);
			// Hole in the arm, to lock it in place
			translate([-diffExtra, armThickness/2, armThickness/2]) {
				cube([
					armWidth + 2*diffExtra,
					armThickness/2 + 2*clearance,
					armThickness/2 + diffExtra
				]);
			}
		}
		translate([0, armLength - armEndRadius, armEndRadius]) {
			rotate([0, 90, 0]) {
				cylinder(r = armEndRadius, h = armWidth);
			}
		}
	}

	// Arm hinges
	translate([
		(standWidth - armWidth) / 2 + armWidth,
		(standHeight - armLength) / 2 + armLength - armEndRadius,
		armEndRadius
	]) {
		rotate([0, 90, 0]) {
			cylinder(r1 = armHingeConeRadius, r2 = 0, h = armHingeConeLength);
		}
	}

	translate([
		(standWidth - armWidth) / 2,
		(standHeight - armLength) / 2 + armLength - armEndRadius,
		armEndRadius
	]) {
		rotate([0, -90, 0]) {
			cylinder(r1 = armHingeConeRadius, r2 = 0, h = armHingeConeLength);
		}
	}
}

// Hole under the panel to store the arm when not in use.
module armHole() {
	// Extra space to allow the arm to get out of its hole
	armRadius = armLength - armEndRadius;
	armHalfDepth = armThickness / 2;
	armHoleGap = sqrt(armRadius*armRadius + armHalfDepth*armHalfDepth) - armRadius;

	translate([
		(standWidth - armHoleWidth) / 2,
		(standHeight - armHoleLength) / 2 - armHoleGap,
		-diffExtra
	]) {
		cube([armHoleWidth, armHoleLength + armHoleGap, armHoleDepth + diffExtra]);
	}

	// Holes for the arm hinges
	translate([
		(standWidth - armHoleWidth) / 2 + armHoleWidth,
		(standHeight - armLength) / 2 + armLength - armEndRadius,
		armEndRadius
	]) {
		rotate([0, 90, 0]) {
			cylinder(r1 = armHingeConeHoleRadius, r2 = 0, h = armHingeConeHoleLength);
		}
	}

	translate([
		(standWidth - armHoleWidth) / 2,
		(standHeight - armLength) / 2 + armLength - armEndRadius,
		armEndRadius
	]) {
		rotate([0, -90, 0]) {
			cylinder(r1 = armHingeConeHoleRadius, r2 = 0, h = armHingeConeHoleLength);
		}
	}
}

// Hole under the other panel, use to lock the arm in place.
module armLockHole() {
	armLockHoleWidth = armHoleWidth;
	armLockHoleHeight = armThickness + 4*clearance;

	// Deep hole to allow the arm to slide in place
	armLockHoleDepth = 1.2 * armThickness + diffExtra;

	armLockHeight = armThickness/2;
	armLockThickness = armThickness/2 - clearance;

	translate([
		(standWidth - armLockHoleWidth) / 2,
		(standHeight - armLength) / 2 + armLength - armLockHoleHeight,
		-diffExtra
	]) {
		difference() {
			cube([armLockHoleWidth, armLockHoleHeight, armLockHoleDepth]);
			translate([0, -diffExtra, -diffExtra]) {
				cube([
					armLockHoleWidth + diffExtra,
					armLockHeight + diffExtra,
					armLockThickness + 2*diffExtra
				]);
			}
		}
		translate([-armLockHoleWidth, 0, 0]) {
			cube([
				armLockHoleWidth,
				armLockHoleHeight,
				armLockHoleDepth
			]);
		}
	}
}

```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to create a customizable mounting flange using OpenSCAD. I've been using a design I made but it was specific to one CNC and I want to make it more generic so anyone can adapt it. Basically, it's a circular or rectangular flange with mounting holes and a central hole for whatever I need to mount.

Here's what I need to be able to configure:

**Overall Shape:**

*   The main body will be a cylinder with a thicker base (a flange) on one side.
*   There should be a vertical slice through the side of the flange to allow for easy mounting.
*   I need to control the diameter of the central hole which will house the main item I am mounting ( `ToolD`), the overall height of the flange (`PartH`), the diameter of the bottom flange part (`FlangeD`), the thickness of the wall of the main cylinder (`WallT`), and the thickness of the slice (`SliceT`).

**Hole Patterns:**

*   I need to be able to choose between a circular or a rectangular pattern for the mounting holes (`Mode`).
*   If I choose the circular pattern ( `Mode=0` ) I need to be able to set how many holes to use (`Holes`), the angle between each hole (`AngleIncrement`) and the diameter of the circle the holes lie on (`PatternD`).
*  If I choose the rectangular pattern ( `Mode=1` ) I need to set the width and height of the rectangular pattern `PatternW` and `PatternH` .

**Mounting Holes:**

*   I also need a few extra mounting holes for clamping. The number of these should be adjustable ( `ClampingHoles`). The distance between these clamping holes should be adjustable too ( `AddClampingHoleDist`). These clamping holes should be placed a specific distance from the center hole.
*   All mounting holes should be countersunk for the screw heads. I need to be able to set the screw diameter (`ScrewD`), the diameter of the screw head (`ScrewHeadD`), and the height of the screw head (`ScrewHeadH`). I want it to be easy to disable the countersinking, maybe by setting ScrewHeadH to zero?

It would be really great if the OpenSCAD could automatically increase the diameter of the mounting hole circle if it was too small to allow for the tool diameter, wall thickness, and screw head diameter.

I think that's everything! Let me know if you have any questions.

[Assistant]
MountingFlange.scad:
```
/* [Resolution] */
$fn = 80;

/* [Hole Pattern] */
//Flange hole pattern: (0)=circular, (1)=rectangular
Mode=1; //[0,1]
//(0) Number of holes for circular pattern
Holes=4;
//(0) Angle between each hole in degrees
AngleIncrement=90;
//(0) Diameter for circular pattern
PatternD=84;
//(1) Width for rectangular pattern
PatternW=60;
//(1) Height for rectangular pattern
PatternH=60;

/* [Part Size] */
//Tool diameter
ToolD=52.6;
//Part height
PartH=60;
//Outer diameter of the bottom disk
FlangeD=100;
//Wall thickness
WallT=10;
//Slice thickness
SliceT=5;

/* [Screw dimensions] */
//Screw diameter
ScrewD=5;
//Diameter of the screws head
ScrewHeadD=9;
//Height of the screws head; 0 disables countersinking
ScrewHeadH=5.5;
//Number of clamping holes
ClampingHoles=3;
//Additional distance for the clamping coles
AddClampingHoleDist=7.5;

if(PatternD<(ToolD+WallT*2+ScrewHeadD)){
    PatternD=ToolD+WallT*2+ScrewHeadD;
}

module Hole(){  //Circular pattern module
  translate([0,0,-5])
    cylinder(PartH*3,d=ScrewD,d=ScrewD,center=true);
  translate([0,0,WallT-ScrewHeadH])
    cylinder(ScrewHeadH+PartH,d=ScrewHeadD,d=ScrewHeadD);
}

difference(){

  union(){
    cylinder(PartH,d=ToolD+2*WallT,d=ToolD+2*WallT);
    cylinder(WallT,d=FlangeD,d=FlangeD);
    translate([-(2*WallT+SliceT)/2,-FlangeD/2,0])
      cube([2*WallT+SliceT,FlangeD/2,PartH], center=false);
  }

  if(Mode<1){  //Circular pattern
    for(Angle = [0:AngleIncrement:AngleIncrement*Holes-AngleIncrement]){
      rotate(a=[0,0,Angle])
        translate([sin(45)*PatternD/2,-sin(45)*PatternD/2,0])
          Hole();
    }
  }

  if(Mode>=1){  //Rectangular pattern
    translate([PatternW/2,-PatternH/2,0])
      Hole();
    translate([PatternW/2,PatternH/2,0])
      Hole();
    translate([-PatternW/2,-PatternH/2,0])
      Hole();
    translate([-PatternW/2,PatternH/2,0])
      Hole();
    }

  translate([0,0,-5])
    cylinder(PartH+5*2,d=ToolD,d=ToolD);
  translate([-(SliceT)/2,-FlangeD/2-1,-1])
    cube([SliceT,FlangeD/2+2,PartH+2], center=false);

  for(NumHoles=[1:ClampingHoles]){
    translate([-((WallT+SliceT)/2)-ScrewHeadH,-ToolD/2-WallT-ScrewHeadD/2,WallT+ScrewHeadD/2+(NumHoles-1)*(ScrewHeadD+AddClampingHoleDist)+4])
    rotate([0,-90,0])
      Hole();
  }
}

```


[User]
Okay, so I'm looking to create a design for a two-part magnetic clip, kind of like those fridge magnets you get from expos, but with a few key improvements. I've attached the SCAD file I've been playing with so you can get a sense of what I'm after.

Basically, each part of the clip has a sort of rounded, lobe shape with a magnet embedded in it. The two pieces are designed so that one side "snaps" closed with the magnets pulling together, and the other side snaps open. The key thing is that I want the magnets to be inset enough that they never touch each other or the surface they're attached to.

Here's a breakdown of the main parameters I'd like to be able to control:

*   **`total_height`**:  The overall height of the clip when it's closed.
*   **`rocker_angle`**: The angle at which the edges of the clip are cut to create the "rocking" action.
*   **`factor`**: This controls how much of a curve there is in the "waist" area where the two halves meet (I call it concavity in my code). A higher value means a longer waist.
*   **`magnet_depth`**: How deep the magnet is inset into the clip.
*   **`magnet_diameter`**: The diameter of the magnet.
*    **`xy_facets`**:  How smooth the curve is in the X-Y plane (how many sides for the curved "extrusion").
*   **`z_facets`**: How smooth the curve is in the Z plane (how many sides for the spherical section).
*   **`magnet_facets`**: How many sides for the magnet cutout.

I'm aiming for a fairly smooth, organic shape, kind of like two halves of an oval connected by that curved waist. It's important that when the pieces come together, they don't hit each other and don't allow the magnets to contact one another directly, or to touch the surface they're attached to. I've been using 12mm x 2mm magnets, but I'd like to be able to use other sizes too.

Could you help me create a set of OpenSCAD files for this? I'd like one main file that uses included files or modules. I'd like for the main file to define the user-customizable parameters, and use modules from other files to create the individual lobes, and do the magnet cutouts and rocker cut. I'd also like to use the BOSL2 library for any common functions that might help make the code clearer. Thanks!

[Assistant]
Magnetic_clip_V5.scad:
```
// Total Height of in the middle
total_height = 5;

// what angle to cut the rocker
rocker_angle = 5;

//concavity (the bigger, the longer the "waist")
factor = 7.5;

// magnet depth
magnet_depth = 4;

// magnet diameter
magnet_diameter = 12;

// how round do you want the clip in the x-Y plane?
xy_facets = 100;

// how round do you want the clip in the Z dimension
z_facets = 50;

// how round do you want the magnet holes
magnet_facets = 50;

radius = total_height/2;
difference()
{
    union()
    {
        //create positve lobe
        translate ([0,0,radius])hull()
        {
            translate([17.5,0,0])
            rotate_extrude(convexity = 10,$fn=xy_facets)
            translate([10.5, 0, 0])
            circle(r = radius,$fn=z_facets);

            translate([-17.5,0,0])
            hull()
            {
                translate([0, radius,0])sphere(r=radius, $fn=z_facets);
                translate([0, -radius,0])sphere(r=radius, $fn=z_facets);
            }
        }
        //create negative lobe
        translate ([0,0,radius])hull()
        {
            translate([-17.5,0,0])
            rotate_extrude(convexity = 10,$fn=xy_facets)
            translate([10.5, 0, 0])
            circle(r = radius,$fn=z_facets);

            translate([17.5,0,0])
            hull()
            {
                translate([0, radius,0])sphere(r=radius, $fn=z_facets);
                translate([0, -radius,0])sphere(r=radius, $fn=z_facets);
            }
        }

        //fill in the middle to give the appearence of a smooth curve
        translate ([0,0,radius])hull()
        {
            translate([-17.5,0,0])
            hull()
            {
                translate([0, factor,0])sphere(r=radius, $fn=z_facets);
                translate([0, -factor,0])sphere(r=radius, $fn=z_facets);
            }

            translate([17.5,0,0])
            hull()
            {
                translate([0,factor, 0])sphere(r=radius, $fn=z_facets);
                translate([0, -factor,0])sphere(r=radius, $fn=z_facets);
            }
        }

    }

    // slice the model at an angle to make the rocker
    rotate([0,rocker_angle,0])translate([-1,-15,total_height])cube([40,30,total_height]);
    rotate([0,-rocker_angle,0])translate([-39,-15,total_height])cube([40,30,total_height]);

    //Cut out the angled magnet holes
    translate ([-17.5,0,-1]) rotate([0,-rocker_angle,0]) cylinder(h=magnet_depth,d=magnet_diameter,$fn=magnet_facets);
    translate ([17.5,0,-1]) rotate([0,rocker_angle,0]) cylinder(h=magnet_depth,d=magnet_diameter,$fn=magnet_facets);
}

```


[User]
I want to design a customizable trophy stand for miniature figures. The stand should have a base with a circular cutout to hold the mini, and it should also display the mini's name and title.

Here's what I'm thinking for the design parameters:

*   **`name`**: A text string for the character's name.
*   **`nameSize`**: The font size for the character's name.
*   **`nameFont`**: The font to use for the character's name.
*   **`title`**: A text string for the character's title.
*   **`titleSize`**: The font size for the character's title.
*   **`titleFont`**: The font to use for the character's title.
*   **`baseDiameter`**: The diameter of the circular cutout in the base where the mini will stand.

The stand should have a primary base, from which a smaller base is extruded. The name and title text should be placed on the sides of this primary base and extruded to create a 3D effect. The title should be smaller than the name, but it should be clearly readable.

I'm hoping for a parametric design, where changing `baseDiameter` will scale the entire structure proportionally. The name and title text should remain on the edges of the primary base even when scaled, so the code will need to ensure that they remain near the correct places.

The overall shape should include a main rectangle with a smaller polygon attached and extruded upward. The texts should be extruded along this polyhedrons sides. The base should be a cylinder cutout.

I'd like to use `linear_extrude` for the text and `polyhedron` for the main body. I think you can manage the positioning of the name and title using `translate` and `rotate` functions. Do not use BOSL libraries, or any library besides the standard OpenSCAD ones.

Can you generate the OpenSCAD file for this?

[Assistant]
customizable_trophy_stand.scad:
```
/*
 * by Luke Crevier
 * version v0.1
 * This work is licensed under the Creative Commons - Attribution - Non-Commercial ShareAlike license.
 * https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
 */

 // Parameter Section //
//-------------------//

name = "Squid McKenzie"; // Your character's name
nameSize = 6; // Font size for character name
nameFont = "MedievalSharp"; // Font to use for the name
title = "The Tentacled Wonder"; // Creative title
titleSize = 4.8; // Font size for title
titleFont = "Catamaran"; // Font to use for the title
baseDiameter = 25; // Diameter of mini base

/* [Hidden] */

// Base value for base radius: 13
newRad = ( baseDiameter * 1.04 ) / 2;
echo(newRad);
scaler = newRad / 13;
baseRad = newRad / scaler;

module letter(l, s, f) {
  // Use linear_extrude() to make the letters 3D objects as they
  // are only 2D shapes when only using text()
  linear_extrude(
    height = 2) {
    text(l, size = s, font = f, halign = "center", valign = "center", $fn = 32);
  }
};
//
rotate([0,0,180]){
    scale([scaler, scaler, scaler]) {
        translate([45,65/2,4.75]){
            rotate([asin(5/30),0,90]){
                letter(name, nameSize, nameFont);
            }
        }

        translate([56.5,65/2,2]){
            rotate([asin(5/30),0,90]){
                letter(title, titleSize, titleFont  );
            }
        }

        basePoints = [
          [  0,  0,  0 ],  //0
          [ 65,  0,  0 ],  //1
          [ 65,  65,  0 ],  //2
          [  0,  65,  0 ],  //3
          [  5.5,  5.5,  5 ],  //4
          [ 35,  5.5,  5 ],  //5
          [ 35,  60,  5 ],  //6
          [  5.5,  60,  5 ]]; //7

        baseFaces = [
          [0,1,2,3],  // bottom
          [4,5,1,0],  // front
          [7,6,5,4],  // top
          [5,6,2,1],  // right
          [6,7,3,2],  // back
          [7,4,0,3]]; // left

          difference() {
            union() {
                cube([65,65,1.5]);
                translate([0,0,1.5]){
                polyhedron( basePoints, baseFaces );
                }
            };
            translate([20,65/2,4.75]){
                cylinder(r = baseRad, h = 1.8);
            };
        }
    }
}

```


[User]
Hi, I'm looking to design a customisable project box using OpenSCAD, and I'd like a script that's flexible enough for different projects. I've seen a design on Thingiverse (thing:3468464) that has some great features that I would like to include. I'd like to be able to specify the box's internal width, depth, and height, as well as the wall thickness. It's important to have a snap-fit lid, so I'll need to be able to define the snap clearance and the snap depth.

It would also be helpful to have options for mounting a protoboard inside the box. I'd want to specify the protoboard's width, depth, height offset from the base, and its thickness. Additionally, I need to be able to set the diameter of the mounting holes for the protoboard, and the diameter of the mounting pillars.

For external connections, I’d like to be able to specify if I want a hole for a power jack, and its diameter. It would be very useful if I could also define mounting screw holes, including their diameter and offset from the inside edge of the box.

Finally, the lid is where I need the most flexibility. I need to be able to add rows or columns of holes and specify their diameters. I'd like up to three rows and/or three columns, and for each row or column, I want to be able to define an array of diameters for the holes. The holes should be equally spaced along the row/column. I also need to be able to disable any rows or columns.

I’d like a parameter to choose to save only the base, only the top or both in one STL.

I don’t need any fancy features or libraries, but I think using `$fn = 256;` for smoother curves would be good, and a variable called `proto_pillar_diameter` set to 3.5 would be good to.

Can you help me create an OpenSCAD file or set of files that can do all of that?

[Assistant]
snap_box.scad:
```
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
//                                                                            //
//                            snap_box.scad                                   //
//                            =============                                   //
//                                                                            //
// Author:  Gavin Smalley                                                     //
// Link:    https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:3468464                         //
// Version: 0.3                                                               //
// Date:    5th March 2019                                                    //
//                                                                            //
// Customisable project box                                                   //
//  (inspired by https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lBK0UBjVrYM).                //
//                                                                            //
// Latest working version can always be found at the Thingiverse link above.  //
// Thingiverse customiser can be used with this file.                         //
//                                                                            //
// Changelog                                                                  //
// =========                                                                  //
//                                                                            //
// v0.3 (5th March 2019)                                                      //
//  - Bug Fix (hole columns)                                                  //
//    Holes in columns were being interpreted bottom to top instead of the    //
//      more logical top to bottom.  FIXED.                                   //
//  - Improved layout of customisable options in Customizer                   //
//  - Added option to save only base, only top or both in one STL             //
//                                                                            //
// v0.2 (5th March 2019)                                                      //
//  - Added support for holes in lid                                          //
//    Up to three rows/columns (choose and blank the other)                   //
//    Specify array of hole diameters for each row/column. Holes will be      //
//      equally spaced in the row/column of choosing.                         //
//                                                                            //
// v0.1 (4th March 2019)                                                      //
//  - Initial version                                                         //
//                                                                            //
////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

//Customisable parameters

/* [Global] */

// Which part would you like to see? (allows separate STLs for printers with smaller beds)
part = "both"; // [box:Box Only,top:Top Only,both:Box and Top]

/* [Box Settings] */

// Interal width of box (x-axis)
width = 90;

// Internal depth of box (y-axis)
depth = 50;

// Internal height of box (z-axis)
height = 20;

// Wall thickness
wall_thickness = 2;

// Snap fit clearance (adjust based on printer accuracy)
snap_clearance = 0.5;

// Height of snap between lid and base
snap_depth = 2;

// Diameter of hole for power-jack (set to 0 to remove hole)
power_hole_diameter = 9;

/* [Protoboard Settings] */

// Proto-board width (x-axis) (set to 0 to disable proto-board mounts) [This should be the full width, the script automatically positions the center of the mounting pegs 1.75mm in from each edge]
proto_width = 70; //set to 0 to disable proto-board mounts

// Proto-board depth (y-axis) (set to 0 to disable proto-board mounts) [This should be the full depth, the script automatically positions the center of the mounting pegs 1.75mm in from each edge]
proto_depth = 30;

// Distance to offset protoboard from box edge (x-axis) (ignored if proto_width or proto_depth are 0)
proto_width_offset = 5;

// Distance to offset protoboard from box edge (y-axis) (ignored if proto_width or proto_depth are 0)
proto_depth_offset = 5;

// Distance to offset protoboard from inside base of box (z-axis) (ignored if proto_width or proto_depth are 0)
proto_height_offset = 5;

// Thickness of protoboard (ignored if proto_width or proto_depth are 0)
proto_thickness = 1.6;

// Diameter of holes in protoboard (ignored if proto_width or proto_depth are 0)
proto_hole_diameter = 2.5;

/* [Mounting Holes] */

// Diameter of shaft of mounting screw (set to 0 to remove mounting holes)
screw_mount_diameter = 3;

// Distance from inside edge to top of mounting holes
screw_mount_offset = 5;

/* [Lid Holes] */

//Left row (x-axis) mounting holes holes (add diameter of holes in array eg "[6, 6, 6]" - they will be spaced equally left to right, set to "[]" to disable.)
left_row_holes = [6, 6];

//Centre row (x-axis) mounting holes holes (add diameter of holes in array eg "[6, 6, 6]" - they will be spaced equally left to right, set to "[]" to disable.)
center_row_holes = [8];

//Right row (x-axis) mounting holes holes (add diameter of holes in array eg "[6, 6, 6]" - they will be spaced equally left to right, set to "[]" to disable.)
right_row_holes = [];

//Left column (y-axis) mounting holes holes (add diameter of holes in array eg "[6, 6, 6]" - they will be spaced equally top to bottom, set to "[]" to disable.)
left_column_holes = [];

//Centre column (y-axis) mounting holes holes (add diameter of holes in array eg "[6, 6, 6]" - they will be spaced equally top to bottom, set to "[]" to disable.)
center_column_holes = [];

//Right column (y-axis) mounting holes holes (add diameter of holes in array eg "[6, 6, 6]" - they will be spaced equally top to bottom, set to "[]" to disable.)
right_column_holes = [];

// Non-customisable parameters

/* [Hidden] */

$fn = 256;
proto_pillar_diameter = 3.5;

if(part=="box") {
  box_body();
  proto_mounts_base();
} else if (part == "top") {
  box_top();
  proto_mounts_top();
} else {
  box_body();
  proto_mounts_base();
  translate([0, depth + 20, 0]){
    box_top();
    proto_mounts_top();
  }
}

module box_body() {
  translate([
      2 * wall_thickness,
      2 * wall_thickness,
      0]) {
    difference () {
      minkowski() {
        cube([
          width - (2 * wall_thickness),
          depth - (2 * wall_thickness),
          height / 2]
        );
        cylinder(
          h = height / 2,
          r = 2 * wall_thickness
        );
      }
      translate([0, 0, wall_thickness]) {
        minkowski() {
          cube([
            width - (2 * wall_thickness),
            depth - (2 * wall_thickness),
            height / 2]
          );
          cylinder(
            h = height / 2,
            r = wall_thickness
          );
        }
      }
      translate([0, 0, height - snap_depth]) {
        minkowski() {
          cube([
            width - (2 * wall_thickness),
            depth - (2 * wall_thickness),
            snap_depth
          ]);
          cylinder(
            h = snap_depth,
            r = wall_thickness + (wall_thickness / 2) + (snap_clearance / 2)
          );
        }
      }
      translate([
        width - (wall_thickness + (wall_thickness / 2)),
        (depth - (2 * wall_thickness)) / 2,
        height / 2]) {
          rotate([0, 90, 0])
            cylinder(
              h = 2 * wall_thickness,
              r = power_hole_diameter / 2
            );
      }
      notch_width = min(depth / 3, 12);
      translate([
        -(2 * wall_thickness + (wall_thickness / 2)),
        (depth - (2 * wall_thickness) - notch_width) / 2,
        height + snap_depth]) {
          rotate([0, 90, 0])
            cube([
              2 * wall_thickness,
              notch_width,
              2 * snap_depth
            ]);
      }
      if(screw_mount_diameter !=0) {
        screw_mounts();
      }
    }
  }
}

module box_top() {
  translate([2 * wall_thickness, 2 * wall_thickness, 0]) {
    difference() {
      union() {
        minkowski() {
          cube(
            [width - (2 * wall_thickness),
             depth - (2 * wall_thickness),
             wall_thickness / 2]
          );
          cylinder(
            h = wall_thickness / 2,
            r = 2 * wall_thickness
          );
        }
        minkowski() {
          cube(
            [width - (2 * wall_thickness),
             depth - (2 * wall_thickness),
             (wall_thickness + snap_depth) / 2]
          );
          cylinder(
            h = (wall_thickness + snap_depth) / 2,
            r = wall_thickness + (wall_thickness / 2)
          );
        }
      }
      translate([0, 0, wall_thickness]) {
        minkowski() {
          cube(
            [width - (2 * wall_thickness),
             depth - (2 * wall_thickness),
             height / 2]
          );
          cylinder(
            h = height / 2,
            r = wall_thickness
          );
        }
      }
      row_holes();
      column_holes();
    }
  }
}

module proto_mounts_base() {
  if(proto_width != 0 && proto_depth != 0) {
    translate([
      (wall_thickness + (proto_pillar_diameter / 2)) + proto_width_offset,
      (wall_thickness + (proto_pillar_diameter / 2)) + proto_depth_offset,
      wall_thickness]) {
        proto_pillars();
    }
  }
}

module proto_pillars() {
  proto_pillar();
  translate([proto_width - proto_pillar_diameter, 0, 0]) proto_pillar();
  translate([0, proto_depth - proto_pillar_diameter, 0]) proto_pillar();
  translate([proto_width - proto_pillar_diameter, proto_depth - proto_pillar_diameter, 0]) proto_pillar();
}

module proto_pillar() {
  union() {
      cylinder(
        h = proto_height_offset,
        r = proto_pillar_diameter / 2
      );
      cylinder(
        h = proto_height_offset + proto_thickness + snap_depth,
        r = (proto_hole_diameter - snap_clearance) / 2
      );
  }
}

module proto_mounts_top() {
  if(proto_width != 0 && proto_depth != 0) {
    translate([
      (wall_thickness + (proto_pillar_diameter / 2)) + proto_width_offset,
      (wall_thickness + depth +(proto_pillar_diameter / 2)) - (proto_depth_offset + proto_depth),
      wall_thickness]) {
        proto_clips();
    }
  }
}

module proto_clips() {
  proto_clip();
  translate([proto_width - proto_pillar_diameter, 0, 0]) proto_clip();
  translate([0, proto_depth - proto_pillar_diameter, 0]) proto_clip();
  translate([proto_width - proto_pillar_diameter, proto_depth - proto_pillar_diameter, 0]) proto_clip();
}

module proto_clip() {
  clip_height = height - proto_height_offset - proto_thickness - snap_clearance;
  hole_height = snap_depth + (2 * snap_clearance);
  difference() {
    cylinder(
      h = clip_height,
      r = proto_pillar_diameter / 2
    );
    translate([0, 0, clip_height - hole_height]) cylinder(
      h = hole_height + snap_clearance,
      r = proto_hole_diameter / 2
    );
  }
}

module screw_mounts() {
  union() {
    translate([
      screw_mount_diameter / 2  + snap_clearance - wall_thickness + screw_mount_offset,
      (depth / 2) - wall_thickness,
      0]) screw_mount();
    translate([
      (width / 4) - wall_thickness,
      depth - wall_thickness - (((screw_mount_diameter / 2) + (snap_clearance / 2)) + screw_mount_offset),
      0]) rotate([0, 0, -90]) screw_mount();
    translate([
      (3 * width / 4) - wall_thickness,
      depth - wall_thickness - (((screw_mount_diameter / 2) + (snap_clearance / 2)) + screw_mount_offset),
      0]) rotate([0, 0, -90]) screw_mount();
  }
}

module screw_mount() {
  translate([0, 0, -(wall_thickness / 2)]) union() {
    hull() {
      cylinder(
        h = wall_thickness * 2,
        r = (screw_mount_diameter / 2) + (snap_clearance / 2)
      );
      translate([2 * screw_mount_diameter, 0 , 0]) cylinder(
        h = wall_thickness * 2,
        r = (screw_mount_diameter / 2) + (snap_clearance / 2)
      );
    }
    translate([2 * screw_mount_diameter, 0 , 0]) cylinder(
      h = wall_thickness * 2,
      r = screw_mount_diameter
    );
  }
}

module row_holes() {
  if (len(left_row_holes) > 0) {
    left_row_num = len(left_row_holes);
    left_row_spacing = (width + (2 * wall_thickness)) / (left_row_num + 1);
    left_row_y = (depth + (2 * wall_thickness)) * (3 / 4);
    translate([
      -(2 * wall_thickness),
      left_row_y - (2 * wall_thickness),
      -(wall_thickness / 2)
      ]) union () {
      for (i =[0 : 1: (left_row_num -1)]) {
        translate ([(left_row_spacing * (i + 1)), 0, 0])
          cylinder(
            h = wall_thickness * 2,
            r = left_row_holes[i] / 2
        );
      }
    }
  }
  if (len(center_row_holes) > 0) {
    center_row_num = len(center_row_holes);
    center_row_spacing = (width + (2 * wall_thickness)) / (center_row_num + 1);
    center_row_y = (depth + (2 * wall_thickness)) * (1 / 2);
    translate([
      -(2 * wall_thickness),
      center_row_y - (2 * wall_thickness),
      -(wall_thickness / 2)
      ]) union () {
      for (i =[0 : 1: (center_row_num -1)]) {
        translate ([(center_row_spacing * (i + 1)), 0, 0])
          cylinder(
            h = wall_thickness * 2,
            r = center_row_holes[i] / 2
        );
      }
    }
  }
  if (len(right_row_holes) > 0) {
    right_row_num = len(right_row_holes);
    right_row_spacing = (width + (2 * wall_thickness)) / (right_row_num + 1);
    right_row_y = (depth + (2 * wall_thickness)) * (1 / 4);
    translate([
      -(2 * wall_thickness),
      right_row_y - (2 * wall_thickness),
      -(wall_thickness / 2)
      ]) union () {
      for (i =[0 : 1: (right_row_num -1)]) {
        translate ([(right_row_spacing * (i + 1)), 0, 0])
          cylinder(
            h = wall_thickness * 2,
            r = right_row_holes[i] / 2
        );
      }
    }
  }
}

module column_holes() {
  if (len(left_column_holes) > 0) {
    left_column_num = len(left_column_holes);
    left_column_spacing = (depth + (2 * wall_thickness)) / (left_column_num + 1);
    left_column_x = (width + (2 * wall_thickness)) * (1 / 4);
    translate([
      left_column_x - (2 * wall_thickness),
      -(2 * wall_thickness),
      -(wall_thickness / 2)
      ]) union () {
      for (i =[0 : 1: (left_column_num -1)]) {
        translate ([0, (left_column_spacing * (i + 1)), 0])
          cylinder(
            h = wall_thickness * 2,
            r = left_column_holes[i] / 2
        );
      }
    }
  }
  if (len(center_column_holes) > 0) {
    center_column_num = len(center_column_holes);
    center_column_spacing = (depth + (2 * wall_thickness)) / (center_column_num + 1);
    center_column_x = (width + (2 * wall_thickness)) * (1 / 2);
    translate([
      center_column_x - (2 * wall_thickness),
      -(2 * wall_thickness),
      -(wall_thickness / 2)
      ]) union () {
      for (i =[0 : 1: (center_column_num -1)]) {
        translate ([0, (center_column_spacing * (i + 1)), 0])
          cylinder(
            h = wall_thickness * 2,
            r = center_column_holes[i] / 2
        );
      }
    }
  }
  if (len(right_column_holes) > 0) {
    right_column_num = len(right_column_holes);
    right_column_spacing = (depth + (2 * wall_thickness)) / (right_column_num + 1);
    right_column_x = (width + (2 * wall_thickness)) * (3 / 4);
    translate([
      right_column_x - (2 * wall_thickness),
      -(2 * wall_thickness),
      -(wall_thickness / 2)
      ]) union () {
      for (i =[0 : 1: (right_column_num -1)]) {
        translate ([0, (right_column_spacing * (i + 1)), 0])
          cylinder(
            h = wall_thickness * 2,
            r = right_column_holes[i] / 2
        );
      }
    }
  }
}

```


[User]
I'd like to create a bed leveling test print for my 3D printer, similar to the one on Thingiverse by pgreenland. It prints squares in each corner, as well as in the center and mid-sides, to check for even bed adhesion. I need the OpenSCAD file(s) to be parametric so I can easily adjust the size and positions of the squares based on my printer's build volume.

Here are the parameters I'd like to control:

*   **Printer Bed Dimensions:**
    *   `X_MAX_LENGTH`:  Width of the printable area, in mm.
    *   `Y_MAX_LENGTH`: Depth of the printable area, in mm.
*   **Square Properties:**
    *   `THICKNESS`: The thickness of the printed square and outlines, in mm.
    *   `SIZE`: The side length of the inner square, in mm.
    *   `GAP`: The width of the gap between the inner square and its outline, in mm.
    *   `OUTLINE_WIDTH`: The width of the outline/parameter around each square, in mm.
*   **Placement Offset:**
    *   `OFFSET`: The offset from the edges of the bed for the corner squares, in mm.

The test print should consist of nine squares total - one in each corner, one in the center, and one in the middle of each edge. Each square should have an inner square and an outline/parameter, with the given spacing and thickness.

Could you generate the necessary OpenSCAD files to achieve this? I don't need any included libraries, just the main .scad file.

[Assistant]
Bed_Levelling.scad:
```
// This script is just https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:34558
// reformatted to be more customizer-friendly

/**
 * Print designed to check that you bed is level
 *
 * print four small squares in each corner to ensure even print quality and good adhesion.
 */

// Define your printers printable area
// If you are using Sprinter firmware then these come directly from configuration.h

/* [Printer] */

// Width of the bed, in mm
X_MAX_LENGTH = 220;

// Depth of the bed, in mm
Y_MAX_LENGTH = 220;

/* [Squares] */

// Square / outline thickness, in mm
THICKNESS = 0.1;

// Square width / height, in mm
SIZE = 20;

// Width of border between square and parameter, in mm
GAP = 0.5;

// Width of parameter around square, in mm
OUTLINE_WIDTH = 1;

// Offset from limits in each axis, in mm
OFFSET = 25;

translate([OFFSET, OFFSET, 0]) square(); //Top Left
translate([(X_MAX_LENGTH / 2) - (SIZE / 2), OFFSET, 0]) square(); //Top Middle
translate([X_MAX_LENGTH - OFFSET - SIZE, OFFSET, 0]) square(); //Top Right

translate([OFFSET, (Y_MAX_LENGTH / 2) - (SIZE / 2), 0]) square(); //Middle Left
translate([(X_MAX_LENGTH / 2) - (SIZE / 2), (Y_MAX_LENGTH / 2) - (SIZE / 2), 0]) square(); //Middle Middle
translate([X_MAX_LENGTH - OFFSET - SIZE, (Y_MAX_LENGTH / 2) - (SIZE / 2), 0]) square(); //Middle Right

translate([OFFSET, Y_MAX_LENGTH - OFFSET - SIZE, 0]) square(); //Bottom Left
translate([(X_MAX_LENGTH / 2) - (SIZE / 2), Y_MAX_LENGTH - OFFSET - SIZE, 0]) square(); //Bottom Middle
translate([X_MAX_LENGTH - OFFSET - SIZE, Y_MAX_LENGTH - OFFSET - SIZE, 0]) square(); //Bottom Right

module square() {
	//Center square
	translate([
				OUTLINE_WIDTH + GAP,
				OUTLINE_WIDTH + GAP,
				0
			])
		cube([SIZE, SIZE, THICKNESS]);

	//Parameter
	difference() {
		//Outer square
		cube([
				SIZE + (2 * (GAP + OUTLINE_WIDTH)),
				SIZE + (2 * (GAP + OUTLINE_WIDTH)),
				THICKNESS
			]);

		//Inner square
		translate([OUTLINE_WIDTH, OUTLINE_WIDTH, -5])
			cube([SIZE + (2 * GAP), SIZE + (2 * GAP), 10]);
	}
}
```


[User]
I'm looking to create a decorative bullet shape, and I'd like it to be parametric so I can easily adjust its dimensions and curves. I've got some specific ideas about how I want to control the shape, and I'd like the design to include options for hollowing it out and adding a notch at the base.

Here are the parameters I envision, and I'd like to be able to adjust them via a customizer:

*   **Global Parameters:**
    *   `diam`: Base diameter of the bullet (integer or float, range say 1 to 100, increment of 0.5)
    *   `length`: Total length of the bullet (integer, range 1 to 260)
    *   `$fn`: Polygon resolution - controls the smoothness of curves (integer, range 24 to 512)
    *   `hollow`: A boolean option (or dropdown with choices "YES" or "NO") to make the bullet hollow
    *   `notch`: A boolean option (or dropdown with choices "YES" or "NO") to add a torus/notch at the base
*   **Fine-Tuning Shape Parameters:**
    *   `a`: General flattening coefficient (float, range 0 to 2, step of 0.01)
    *   `d`: Exponent for curve (float, range 0.1 to 4, step of 0.1)
    *   `c`: Exponent coefficient (float, range 0 to 2, step of 0.01)
    *   `b`: Asymptote coefficient (float, range 0 to 100, step of 0.1)

The bullet's profile should be generated using a mathematical curve. The core of this is the formula: `y = a*(c*(x^d) + b*abs(x/(r-x)))`.  The 'y' value from this formula should be clamped to the total length, and used as the z-position in a 2d polygon that will be rotated to form the 3d bullet. Here, `x` ranges from `0` to `r` (where `r` is the base radius i.e. `diam / 2`) and that `y` result should be the z coordinate of a point in a 2d polygon which is then rotated to form the bullet body.

The `hollow` parameter, when set to "YES", should remove material from the inside of the bullet using cylinders. This should leave some solid thickness around the walls and at the front, so it isn't a completely empty shell. If hollow is set to "NO", the bullet should be solid.

The `notch` parameter, when set to "YES", should add a torus at the base of the bullet. I'm envisioning the torus positioned at the base with dimensions that complement the base diameter; so a 1.7 radius should be acceptable, and automatically placed at the base. The radius of the torus' ring should be fixed at 1.7, and I'd like it to be placed at the bottom of the bullet (where y=0).

Could you generate the necessary OpenSCAD code to achieve this? I don't have any preference for whether to use standard OpenSCAD functions or more advanced libraries, but if you use a library, please specify which one.

[Assistant]
decorativeParametricBullet.scad:
```
/* [Global] */
// Base Diameter
diam = 38; // [1:0.5:100]

// Total length
length = 140; // [1:260]

// Polygon resolution
$fn=64; // [24:512]

// Hollow on the inside
hollow = "YES"; // [YES, NO]

// Notch at the base
notch = "YES"; // [YES, NO]

/* [Fine Tune Shape] */
// General flattening coefficient
a = 0.2; // [0:0.01:2]

// Exponent
d = 2.3; // [0.1:0.1:4]

// Exponent coefficient
c = 0.2; // [0:0.01:2]

// Asymptote coefficient
b = 20; // [0:0.1:100]

module mathExperiment(r=35,l=160,a=0.2,b=7,c=0.3,d=2.3) {
    N = min([max([12,2* $fn]), 513]);
    function curveY(x) = l-min([(c*pow(x,d) + b*abs(x/(r-x)))*a, l]);
    polyArray = [for(i = [0:N+1]) [(i>N?0:i*r/N), (i>N?0:curveY(i*r/N))] ];
    rotate_extrude()
        polygon(polyArray);
}

module torus(diam, radius) {
    rotate_extrude()
        translate([diam/2,3*radius])
            circle(radius);
}

module deluxeBullet(diam, length) {
    insideDiam = 0.6 * diam;
    keepout = 10;
    runout = length * 0.2;
    insideLength = length - (runout+keepout);
    difference() {
        mathExperiment(diam/2, length, a, b, c, d);
        union() {
            if (notch == "YES")
                torus(diam, 1.7);
            if (hollow == "YES") {
                translate([0,0,-0.01])
                    cylinder(d=insideDiam, h=0.1+insideLength);
                translate([0,0,insideLength])
                    cylinder(d1=insideDiam, d2=0, h=runout);
            }
        }
    }
}

deluxeBullet(diam, length);
```


[User]
I'd like to create a parametric SD card holder, similar to the design I saw on Thingiverse, which is a remix of a couple of other designs. I'm looking for a holder with rounded corners and the ability to customize the number of slots, slot size, and the corner radius.

Specifically, I need the following parameters to be adjustable:

*   `slots`: The number of SD card slots.
*   `slotWidth`: The width of each slot (should be slightly larger than an SD card).
*   `slotThickness`: The thickness of each slot (front to back).
*   `slotSeparation`: The distance between slots.
*   `slotDepth`: The depth of the slots.
*   `topRiseAngle`: The angle of the holder's top surface in degrees.
*   `corner_radius`: The radius of the rounded corners of the holder's body.

The design should have a flat bottom, and the slots should be angled to follow the top surface angle. The bottom, sides, front, and back borders should be sized based on `slotSeparation`.

I want to use OpenSCAD to generate this model, and I don't have a preference for any specific libraries, but I don't want any dependencies that aren't included with OpenSCAD. I'm looking for a single `.scad` file containing all the necessary code. I think it will involve a few modules for creating the basic block, rounded corners, a single slot, and then combining those into the final SD card holder. The final module will need to use `difference()` to subtract the slots from the block. The main overall module, where everything is pieced together, should orient the design nicely by rotating and translating it to the default position in OpenSCAD.

[Assistant]
SD_Card_Holder.scad:
```
// Parametric SD Card Holder Remix by Bikecyclist
//
// New features:
// - Rounded corners
// - Customizer-enabled
//
// Published at:
//    http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:3470191
//
// Derivative of Parameterized SD card holder, PAmes
//
// Published at:
//    http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:15323
//
// Derivative of http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:9218 by jpcw
//
// Can adjust the number of slots, the slot size, and the corner radius

// The slot, of course, should be a little larger than the card.
// Adjust for desired fit.  I use these numbers on my TOM/Mk7,
// which give a slightly loose fit (the cards will fall out easily
// if turned over).  If you want to adjust the slot size, try
// experimenting by setting 'slots' to 1.
// All units are mm.

/* [Slots] */

// Number of slots - as many or as few as you want
slots = 8;

// With of slots (SD Card = 26 mm)
slotWidth = 26;

// Thickness of slots, front to back (SD Card = 3 mm)
slotThickness = 3;

// Barrier between slots
slotSeparation = 4;

// Depth of slots - half of the card height seems about right.
slotDepth = 15;

/* [Holder] */

// Angle of the holder's top surface (in degrees)
topRiseAngle = 15;

// Corner radius of the holder's body
corner_radius = 5;

/* [Hidden] */

// Number of facets
$fn = 32;

// These should be OK as is.  Adjust if you want wider borders.
bottomHeight = slotSeparation; // bottom of first hole to bottom of holder
sideWidth    = slotSeparation; // left, right borders
frontDepth   = slotSeparation; // front to first hole
backDepth    = slotSeparation; // back to last hole

// Shouldn't have to mess with these.
holderWidth = slotWidth + 2*sideWidth;
holderFrontHeight = slotDepth + bottomHeight - tan(topRiseAngle)*frontDepth;
holderDepth = frontDepth + slotThickness*slots +
            slotSeparation*(slots-1) + backDepth;
holderBackHeight = holderFrontHeight + tan(topRiseAngle)*holderDepth;

module basicBlock() {
  linear_extrude(height=holderWidth, convexity=2)
    polygon(points = [ [0, 0],
                     [holderDepth, 0],
                     [holderDepth, holderBackHeight],
                     [0, holderFrontHeight] ]);
}

module BlockRounded() {
    hull ()
        for (i = [0, 1], j = [0, 1])
            translate ([corner_radius + i * (holderDepth - 2 * corner_radius), corner_radius + j * (holderWidth - 2 * corner_radius), -0.01])
                cylinder (r = corner_radius, h = holderBackHeight + 0.02);
}

// One slot, at first location
module slot() {
  translate([frontDepth, bottomHeight,0])
    translate([0,0,sideWidth])
      cube(size=[slotThickness, holderBackHeight, slotWidth]); // sticks up, used by difference()
}

// Makes all slots
module slots() {
  for (i = [0 : slots-1]) {
    translate([i*(slotSeparation+slotThickness), i*tan(topRiseAngle)*(slotSeparation+slotThickness), 0])
      slot();
  }
}

// Put it all together
module SDCardHolder() {
  // Place into nice orientation
  rotate([0,0,90])
    translate([-holderDepth/2,holderWidth/2,0])
      rotate([90,0,0])
        difference() {
          intersection ()
          {
            basicBlock();

            translate ([0, holderBackHeight, 0])
            rotate([90,0,0])
            BlockRounded();
          }
          slots();
        }
}

SDCardHolder();

```