[User]
Hey, I'm trying to design a new case for my power bank since the batteries died. I've already removed the old circuit board and want to make a custom enclosure. I've got some specific dimensions for the components and would like a parametric design so I can adjust things later if needed. I'm looking for an OpenSCAD design that includes the following:

1.  **A main box:** This will house the Li-ion batteries and the charger PCB. I need to be able to adjust the overall size of the box, wall thickness, corner radius, and the thickness of the top and bottom walls.

2.  **Battery Compartment:** The box needs a space for three 18650 batteries (18mm diameter, 65mm length). I need to control the spacing between the batteries, and also the terminal space.

3.  **PCB Compartment:** A separate compartment is needed for the charging PCB, with adjustable dimensions for length, width, and height.

4.  **Push Button:** The design needs to accommodate a push button, with adjustable sizes and corner radius.

5.  **LED:** The enclosure should include a space for a single 5mm diameter LED with an adjustable length. I will need to be able to specify the location of the LED relative to the PCB.

6.  **USB and Micro USB Ports:** I need openings for standard USB and micro USB ports, with adjustable sizes and locations relative to the PCB.

7.  **Lid and Bottom:**  I need a lid that fits securely onto the box, and a separate bottom piece. These should also have adjustable thicknesses.

I need to be able to specify all of these dimensions as variables in the SCAD file so I can quickly adjust them. I am looking for a design that is easy to print.

I'd prefer the design to use `$fn` to specify the number of fragments for circles and curves, and use a `tol` parameter for tolerances. I'd also like to be able to choose to only render the box, lid, or bottom (or any combo of these). I plan to use the `color()` module as well.

I need the `hull()` module in the design. I'd also like to use linear extrusion as well.

Could you generate the necessary SCAD file(s) for this? I do not plan to use any libraries.

[Assistant]
PowerBank.scad:
```
////PowerBank.scad
////OpenSCAD version 2015.03-2
////Kijja Chaovanakij
////2019.09.16

/*[Var]*/
//number of fragments
$fn=40; //[30:low,40:medium,60:high,90:quality]
//tolerance
tol=0.5;
//display part
part=0; //[0:all,1:box,2:lid,3:botton,4:lid and botton]

/*[box var]*/
//wall thickness[2.4]
wall_thi=2.4;
//internal wall thickness[1.2]
inwall_thi=1.2;
//corner radius[3]
corner_rad=3;
//top-bottom thickness[2.0]
bottom_thi=2.0;

/*[Li-ion battery var]*/
//number of piles[3]
np=3;
//battery diameter[18]
bat_dia=18;
//battery length[65]
bat_len=65;
//terminal space[1.6/2.0]
terminal_spc=2;

/*[push button var]*/
//push button x size[14]
button_xsize=14;
//push button y size[14]
button_ysize=14;
//push botton corner radius[1]
botton_rad=1;

/*[charger pcb var]*/
//pcb x size[35.1]
pcb_xsize=35.1;
//pcb y size[25.4]
pcb_ysize=25.4;
//pcb z size[18.6]
pcb_zsize=18.6;

/*[LED var]*/
//LED diameter[5]
LED_dia=5;
//LED length[6]
LED_len=6;

/*[LED location var measure from bottom-left of pcb]*/
//LED x location[17]
LED_xlocat=17;
//LED z location[12]
LED_zlocat=12;

/*[usb port var]*/
//usb port x size[14.5]
usb_xsize=14.5;
//usb port y size[10]
usb_ysize=10;
//usb port z size[7]
usb_zsize=7;

/*[usb port location var measure from bottom-left of pcb]*/
//usb port x location[10.5]
usb_xlocat=10.5;
//usb port z location[4.5]
usb_zlocat=4.5;

/*[micro usb port var]*/
//musb port x size[7.6]
musb_xsize=7.6;
//musb port y size[5.5]
musb_ysize=5.5;
//musb port z size[3]
musb_zsize=3;

/*[micro usb port location var measure from bottom-left of pcb]*/
//musb port x location[26.8]
musb_xlocat=26.8;
//musb port z location[]
musb_zlocat=5;

////translate var
box_xsize=max(np*(bat_dia+tol)+wall_thi*2,pcb_xsize+tol+wall_thi*2);
echo("box_xsize=",box_xsize);
//
box_ysize=bat_len+tol+terminal_spc*2+wall_thi*2+inwall_thi+pcb_ysize+tol;
echo("box_ysize=",box_ysize);
//
box_zsize=max(bat_dia+tol+bottom_thi*2,pcb_zsize+tol+bottom_thi*2);
echo("box_zsize=",box_zsize);

////main
if (part==1)
  box();
else if (part==2)
  lid();
else if (part==3)
  botton();
else if (part==3){
  lid();
  botton();
}//e
else{
  box();
  lid();
  botton();
}//e
////end main

module box(){
translate([-box_xsize*0.6,0,0])
difference(){
//make box
  round_corner_cube(box_xsize,box_ysize,box_zsize,wall_thi);

//make batt room
  translate([0,-box_ysize/2+(bat_len+tol+terminal_spc*2)/2+wall_thi,bottom_thi*2])
    linear_extrude(height=box_zsize,convexity=10)
      square([np*(bat_dia+tol),bat_len+tol+terminal_spc*2],center=true);

//make batt groove
  rotate([90,0,180])
    translate([0,(bat_dia+tol)/2+bottom_thi,-box_ysize/2+terminal_spc+wall_thi])
      batt_pile();

//make pcb room
  translate([0,box_ysize/2-(pcb_ysize+tol)/2-wall_thi,bottom_thi])
    linear_extrude(height=box_zsize+bottom_thi,convexity=10)
      square([np*(bat_dia+tol),pcb_ysize+tol],center=true);

//make port
  translate([0,box_ysize/2-(pcb_ysize+tol)/2-wall_thi,box_zsize/2])
   pcb();

//make lid groove
  translate([0,-wall_thi*1.25,box_zsize-bottom_thi])
    case_lid(box_xsize-wall_thi*1.25,box_ysize+wall_thi*1.25,bottom_thi);

//make wire opening
  translate([0,-wall_thi,box_zsize-bottom_thi*3])
    linear_extrude(height=bottom_thi*2+tol,convexity=10)
      square([box_xsize-wall_thi*2,box_ysize-wall_thi*4],center=true);
}//d
}//m
//

module lid(){
translate([box_xsize*0.6,-wall_thi*1.25/4,0])
  color("Violet")
  difference(){
    case_lid(box_xsize-wall_thi*1.25-tol,box_ysize-wall_thi*1.25/2-tol,bottom_thi);
    translate([0,box_ysize/2-(pcb_ysize+tol)/2-wall_thi+tol,-0.1])
      push_botton(button_xsize+tol,button_ysize+tol,bottom_thi+tol,botton_rad);
  }//d
}//m
//

module botton(){
color("DeepSkyBlue"){
  translate([box_xsize*0.6,box_ysize*0.7,0])
    cube([button_xsize+6,button_ysize+6,0.4],true);
  translate([box_xsize*0.6,box_ysize*0.7,0.4])
    push_botton(button_xsize,button_ysize,bottom_thi,botton_rad);
}//c
}//m
//

module batt_pile(){
for (i=[-np/2+1/2:1:np/2])
  translate([i*(bat_dia+tol),0,0])
    linear_extrude(height=bat_len+tol,convexity=10)
      circle(d=bat_dia+tol);
}//m
//

module case_lid(xwid,ywid,height){
hull(){
  for (i=[-xwid/2+height,xwid/2-height])
    for (j=[-ywid/2+height,ywid/2-height]){
      translate([i,j,0])
        cylinder(height,height,height*0.5);
    }//f
}//h
}//m
//

module push_botton(xwid,ywid,height,rad){
hull(){
  for (i=[-xwid/2+rad,xwid/2-rad])
    for (j=[-ywid/2+rad,ywid/2-rad]){
      translate([i,j,0])
        cylinder(height,rad,rad);
    }//f
}//h
}//m
//

module pcb(){
union(){
  translate([0,0,-(pcb_zsize+tol)/2])
    linear_extrude(height=pcb_zsize+tol,convexity=10)
      square([pcb_xsize+tol,pcb_ysize+tol],center=true);
  translate([(pcb_xsize+tol)/2-LED_xlocat,(pcb_ysize+tol)/2,LED_zlocat-(pcb_zsize+tol)/2])
      LED();
  translate([(pcb_xsize+tol)/2-usb_xlocat,(pcb_ysize+tol)/2,usb_zlocat-(pcb_zsize+tol)/2])
      usb_port();
  translate([(pcb_xsize+tol)/2-musb_xlocat,(pcb_ysize+tol)/2,musb_zlocat-(pcb_zsize+tol)/2])
      musb_port();
}//u
}//m
//

module LED(){
translate([0,-LED_len/2,0])
  rotate([-90,0,0])
    linear_extrude(height=LED_len,convexity=10)
      circle(d=LED_dia+tol);
}//m
//

module usb_port(){
translate([0,0,-(usb_zsize+tol)/2])
  linear_extrude(height=usb_zsize+tol,convexity=10)
    square([usb_xsize+tol,usb_ysize],center=true);
}//m
//

module musb_port(){
translate([0,0,-(musb_zsize+tol)/2])
  linear_extrude(height=musb_zsize+tol,convexity=10)
    square([musb_xsize+tol,musb_ysize],center=true);
}//m
//

module round_corner_cube(xwid,ywid,height,radius){
hull(){
  for (i=[-xwid/2+radius,xwid/2-radius])
    for (j=[-ywid/2+radius,ywid/2-radius]){
      translate([i,j,radius])
        sphere(radius);
      translate([i,j,height-radius])
        sphere(radius);
    }//f
}//h
}//m
//
```


[User]
I'm looking to design a self-watering planter system that uses an inverted bottle to provide water, similar to the chicken waterer concept. I want the system to have a base tray for the plant and a threaded cap that screws onto a standard reusable PET bottle.

Here’s the breakdown of what I need:

**Overall System:**

*   A circular base tray that will hold the plant.
*   A central pipe that extends up from the base into the bottle.
*   A threaded cap to fit on the bottle, connecting the bottle to the pipe and creating a water-tight seal.
*   The water level in the tray should be determined by the height of the central pipe.

**Base Tray:**

*   The base of the tray should be a flat circular disk.
*   The tray should have a raised lip around the edge.
*   The tray diameter should be parametric, allowing it to be scaled to different plant sizes.
*  I'd like to include small rounded spacers on the bottom to keep the tray slightly off the surface it rests on, improving drainage.

**Bottle Cap:**

*   The bottle cap should be designed to fit a standard reusable PET bottle. It would be great if the thread could be parametric so it can be adjusted easily if needed.
*   The cap should have a central hole where the water pipe goes.
*   I need to be able to adjust the height of the cap, in case the height of the pipe needs to change.
*   The cap should have a flat top and bottom for ease of printing.

**Central Pipe:**

*   The pipe should connect the bottle cap to the base tray.
*   The pipe diameter should be parametric to adjust the water level in the tray.
*   The length of the pipe should be determined by the height of the planter.
*   It would be great if the pipe could be designed to attach to the inside of the cap, and also to the inside of a hole in the base tray.

**Parametric Features**

I'd like the following parameters to be easily configurable:

*   `baseDiam`: Diameter of the base tray.
*   `topDiam`: Diameter of the top of the raised lip.
*   `height`: Height of the raised lip.
*   `bottleDiam`: Diameter of the bottle (used for positioning, not bottle geometry itself).
*   `capDiam`: Diameter of the bottle cap (approximately).
*   `wall`: Wall thickness for the tray and cap.
*  `bottomThickness`: Thickness of the base plate.
* `potBottomThickness`: Thickness of the bottom of the planter.
*   `pipeDiameter`: Diameter of the central pipe.
*   `pipeWall`: Wall thickness of the central pipe.
*   `ThreadFeed`: Thread feed for the bottle cap.
*   `Diameter`: Diameter of the bottle's threads.
*  `CapHeight`: Height of the bottle cap
*  `ExtraThreadHeight`: Height of the thread extensions
*  `numberOfSpacers`: Number of spacers at the bottom of the planter.

**Additional Notes:**

*   I don't need the plant included in the design.
*   I'd prefer to have comments in the code describing what each section is doing.
*   Please use a library for thread creation if possible. I think BOLTS library might be a good choice for threads, but I am not super familiar with it. If you don't need a library for that I'm fine with that too.
*   If possible, use `hull()` or similar functionality for smooth transition between the bottom circle and the top of the base.
*   I need to be able to tweak `fn` to adjust the smoothness of curved parts.
*   I'd like two separate scad files: One for the bottle cap, and another for the base tray system.

Could you generate OpenSCAD files for these components? Thanks a bunch!

[Assistant]
PetCap.scad:
```
// number of faces in circle, will take longer to render if higher
$fn=30;
// Thickness of the top
Thick=2;
// mm per circle
ThreadFeed=3;
// Diameter as in picture mm + a bit of margin
Diameter = 28.5;
// total height of the cap including the thickness of the top
CapHeight=13;
// make the thread stick out a bit more
ExtraThreadHeight=0.2;
// an extra infill at the top of the cap might make it close better
DoTop="no"; // [yes,no]
// if the cutout is used you can clearly see the inside
ShowCutout="no"; // [yes,no]

module GrooveObject(depth=2)
{
    translate([-ExtraThreadHeight,0,0])rotate([0,-90,0])cylinder(r1=2,r2=0.4,h=depth,center=true);
 //  cube([2,2,1],center=true);
}

module Thread(feed=3,depth=2,startHeight=5,endHeight=10,rad=14.2)
{
    dh=endHeight-startHeight;

    steps=ceil($fn*dh/feed);

    echo(steps);
    for(i=[0:steps])
    {
         angle=i*360/$fn;
         h=startHeight+dh*i/steps;
         x=cos(angle)*rad;
         y=sin(angle)*rad;

         a2=(i+1)*360/$fn;
         h2=startHeight+dh*(i+1)/steps;
         x2=cos(a2)*rad;
         y2=sin(a2)*rad;

         color("Green")
         hull()
         {
            translate([x,y,h]) rotate([0,0,angle]) GrooveObject(depth);
            translate([x2,y2,h2]) rotate([0,0,a2]) GrooveObject(depth);
         }

    }
}

module Cap()
{
  color("LightBlue")
  difference()
  {
    cylinder(d=Diameter+1.6*2,h=CapHeight);
    translate([0,0,Thick])cylinder(d=Diameter,h=CapHeight);
  }
  if (DoTop=="yes")
  {
      translate([0,0,Thick])cylinder(d1=Diameter-2,d2=Diameter-4.5,h=1);
  }
  Thread(feed=ThreadFeed,depth=2,startHeight=Thick,endHeight=CapHeight-2.5,rad=Diameter/2);
}
//
//difference()
//{
//   Cap();
//   if (ShowCutout=="yes")
//   {
//       cube([30,30,30]);
//   }
//}
```
autowaterer.scad:
```
include<PetCap.scad>;
baseDiam = 140;
topDiam = 160;
height = 40;
bottleDiam = 65;
capDiam = 36;
wall = 3*0.48;
bottomThickness = 0.6;
potBottomThickness = 1;
pipeDiameter = 15;
pipeWall = wall;

bottleLocationX = topDiam/2+bottleDiam/2;

module halfRoundedCyl(d,l) {
    assert(l>d, message="length must be larger than ");
    difference() {
        union() {
            translate([0,0,d/2]) {
                sphere(d/2);
                cylinder(d=d, h=l-d);
            }
            translate([0,0,l-d/2])
                sphere(d/2);
        }

        translate([-d/2,-d/2-1,-1])
            cube([d/2, d+2, l+2]);
    }
}

module torus (d,r) {
    rotate_extrude()
        translate([d/2,0,0])
            circle(r);

}

difference() {
    union() {
        // outside +
        cylinder(d1=baseDiam+2*wall, d2=topDiam+2*wall, h=bottomThickness+height,$fn=128);

        translate([bottleLocationX,0,bottomThickness+pipeDiameter]) {
            Cap();
        }
        // pipe outside +
        difference() {
            translate([0,0,pipeDiameter/2+pipeWall])
                rotate([0,90,0])
                    cylinder(d=pipeDiameter+2*pipeWall,h=bottleLocationX,$fn=12);
            translate([bottleLocationX,0,0])
                cylinder(d=Diameter,h=2*pipeDiameter);
        }

        // cap housing low poly +
        translate([bottleLocationX,0,0])
            cylinder(d1=capDiam-2*wall,d2=capDiam+4*wall,h=pipeDiameter+wall+bottomThickness,$fn=11);

        // base plate +
        linear_extrude(bottomThickness)
            hull() {
                circle(baseDiam/2+2*wall,$fn=128);
                translate([bottleLocationX,0,0])
                    circle(capDiam/2+wall/2,$fn=92);
            }

        // torus
        translate([0,0,bottomThickness])
            torus(baseDiam+3*wall,bottomThickness,$fn=92);
    }

    translate([0,0,bottomThickness-0.01]) {
        translate([0,0,potBottomThickness-bottomThickness])
        // bottom -
        cylinder(d1=baseDiam, d2=topDiam, h=bottomThickness+height,$fn=128);

        // pipe inside -
    translate([baseDiam/2-wall,0,pipeDiameter/2+pipeWall-bottomThickness])
        rotate([0,90,0])
            cylinder(d=pipeDiameter,h=bottleLocationX-baseDiam/2+wall,$fn=27);

        // bottom opening
        translate([bottleLocationX,0,0])
            cylinder(d=Diameter/2,h=2*pipeDiameter);
    }
}

numberOfSpacers = 7;
for (i=[0:numberOfSpacers-1])
    translate([0,0,potBottomThickness-0.1])
        rotate([0,0,360*i/numberOfSpacers])
            rotate([0,-90,0])
                translate([0,0,0.15*baseDiam])
                    halfRoundedCyl(d=pipeDiameter*0.3,l=0.3*baseDiam);
```


[User]
I'd like to get a parametric rail bracket designed in OpenSCAD. I want it to be customizable for different rail diameters, bracket widths, and screw sizes. It needs to have a cylindrical cutout for the rail, a base plate with screw holes, and some fillets for smoother edges.

Specifically:

*   **Rail Diameter:** I need to be able to specify the diameter of the rail that the bracket will hold.
*   **Bracket Width:**  I also want to specify the width of the bracket itself.
*   **Screw Diameter:** The bracket should have screw holes for mounting, and I need to be able to adjust the diameter of these holes. I'd like an option to add a countersink to the screw holes as well.
*   **Fillets:** I'd like fillets where the base plate joins the main cylinder to avoid sharp corners, and also along the main rail cutout.

It would be nice to be able to control the thickness of the base and fillets, maybe even have them scale to the rail diameter if that makes sense. I'm not sure how to calculate that so please make it reasonable.

I'm thinking it would look something like a 'C' shape with the rail sitting in the curve of the 'C' and a flat base with screw holes extending from the bottom of the 'C'.

I'm not sure if you need me to specify this, but I'd like to avoid libraries if possible.

[Assistant]
rail_bracket.scad:
```
// the diameter of the rail to be used (mm)
rail_diameter=20; // [5:100]

// the required width of this bracket (mm)
bracket_width=10; // [5:100]

// the diameter of the screws to be used (mm)
screw_diameter=4; // [1:0.5:10]

// whether to add a countersink to the screw holes
countersunk="yes"; // [yes, no]

/* [Hidden] */
thickness=rail_diameter*0.1;
screw_head_diameter=screw_diameter*2;
adjusted_bracket_width = screw_head_diameter >= bracket_width ? screw_head_diameter+2 : bracket_width;
base_width=2+screw_head_diameter+(rail_diameter/2)+thickness;

$fn=100;

difference(){
    union(){
        difference(){
            union(){
                difference(){
                    cylinder(h=adjusted_bracket_width, d=rail_diameter+2*thickness);
                    translate([0,0,-1]){
                        cylinder(h=adjusted_bracket_width+2, d=rail_diameter);
                    }
                }
                difference(){
                    base_plate();
                    base_plate_fillet();
                    mirror([0,1,0]){
                        base_plate_fillet();
                    }
                }
            }
            translate([rail_diameter/2-1, -thickness/4, -1]){
                cube(size=[thickness+2, thickness/2, adjusted_bracket_width+2]);
            }
        }

        main_loop_fillet();
        mirror([0,1,0]){
            main_loop_fillet();
        }
    }

    screw_hole();
    mirror([0,1,0]){
        screw_hole();
    }
}

module base_plate(){
    translate([rail_diameter/2, -base_width]){
        cube(size=[thickness, base_width*2, adjusted_bracket_width]);
    }
}
module base_plate_fillet(){
    difference(){
        translate([rail_diameter/2-0.1, -base_width-0.1, -0.1]){
            cube(size=[thickness+0.2, thickness/2+0.1, thickness/2+0.1]);
        }
        translate([rail_diameter/2-0.2, -base_width+thickness/2, thickness/2]){
            rotate([0,90,0]){
                cylinder(h=thickness+0.4, d=thickness);
            }
        }
    }

    difference(){
        translate([rail_diameter/2-0.1, -base_width-0.1, adjusted_bracket_width-thickness/2+0.1]){
            cube(size=[thickness+0.2, thickness/2+0.1, thickness/2+0.1]);
        }
        translate([rail_diameter/2-0.2, -base_width+thickness/2, adjusted_bracket_width-thickness/2]){
            rotate([0,90,0]){
                cylinder(h=thickness+0.4, d=thickness);
            }
        }
    }
}

module screw_hole(){
    translate([rail_diameter/2+thickness+0.1, base_width-(screw_head_diameter/2)-1, adjusted_bracket_width/2]){
        rotate([0,-90,0]){
            if(countersunk == "yes"){
                cylinder(h=thickness+0.2, d1=screw_diameter, d2=screw_head_diameter);
            } else {
                cylinder(h=thickness+0.2, d=screw_diameter);
            }
        }
    }
}

module main_loop_fillet(){
    fillet_diameter=3;
    fillet_origin_distance=(rail_diameter/2)+thickness+(fillet_diameter/2);
    fillet_angle=asin(((rail_diameter/2)-(fillet_diameter/2))/fillet_origin_distance);

    difference(){
        union(){
            translate([(rail_diameter/2)-thickness, thickness/2, 0]){
                cube(size=[thickness, fillet_origin_distance*cos(fillet_angle)-thickness/2, adjusted_bracket_width]);
            }
            rotate([0,0,-fillet_angle]){
                cube(size=[fillet_diameter/2, fillet_origin_distance, adjusted_bracket_width]);
            }

        }
        translate([0,0,-1]){
            cylinder(h=adjusted_bracket_width+2, d=rail_diameter);
        }
        translate([rail_diameter/2-(fillet_diameter/2), fillet_origin_distance*cos(fillet_angle), -1]){
            cylinder(h=adjusted_bracket_width+2, d=fillet_diameter);
        }
    }
}
```


[User]
Hey there, I'm looking to get a customizable machine tag designed in OpenSCAD. I want it to be a rectangular tag with rounded ends, with a raised circular section and a small raised cube on top. It should also have some text extruded from the top face.

The base of the tag should be a rectangle 36mm wide and 37mm tall, with a thickness of 0.6mm. The rounded ends should be created by minkowski sum with a cylinder of radius 5mm and the same height as the base.

On top of the tag, I need a circular raised section, centered horizontally and 17.75mm up from the bottom of the tag. This raised section should be a cylinder with a radius of 15.5mm and a height of 4mm, sitting on the base. I also need a small cube, 5mm wide, 5.2mm tall and 4mm thick sitting just to the right of the circle, with the bottom of the cube 30.65 mm up from the bottom of the base.

The text should be extruded from the top of the main tag body (not the raised parts). The text should be centered horizontally, and 40mm from the bottom of the tag base. The text should be 6mm high, with a thickness of 2.2mm, and should be customizable via a variable, I'd like to be able to change the font too, defaulting to "tohoma:style=regular".

I'd also like to have it set up so that I can pause my printer at 1.4mm and switch filament colors to highlight the text. If you can include some way to easily set the colors for both the base and text that would be great.

Could you generate the necessary OpenSCAD file for this design?

[Assistant]
machineTag.scad:
```
LABEL = "STOP";

union(){
difference(){
translate ([-36/2,5,0])
    minkowski()
    {
        cube ([36,37,0.6]);
        cylinder (r=5,h=0.6);
    }

        translate([0,17.75,-0.5])
            cylinder (r=15.5,h=4);
        translate([-2.5,30.65,-0.5])
            cube([5,5.2,4]);
}
color("DimGray"){
linear_extrude(height=2.2)translate([0,40,0])text(LABEL,font="tohoma:style=regular",halign="center",size=6);
}
}
```


[User]
Hi! I'm looking for help designing an endmill holder, similar to the one I found on Thingiverse, but with a few changes, and I'd like it to be parametric so I can adjust it easily.

The basic idea is a series of slots, each designed to hold a different size endmill, with a way to easily insert and remove them. The existing design uses a tilted insertion point and little ridges to make sure the endmills stay put. It also has labels for the tip size. I want a similar functionality, but I'd like a slightly different shape for the base and some more control over spacing.

Here are the key features I need:

1.  **Parametric Endmill Sizes:** I need to be able to define a list of endmills with their tip diameter, shaft diameter, cutting length, and total length. The design should generate slots that match these dimensions.
2.  **Slot Design:**
    *   The slots should use a tilted insertion point (like the current one) so the endmills can snap into place, then push flat, instead of needing to insert them from above.
    *   Ridges should be added to help secure the endmills. I need to be able to adjust the depth of these ridges.
    *   I'd like to control the insertion angle, or the angle of the tilted part of the slot.
3.  **Base Shape:** Instead of one continuous block, I'd like to use individual holders for each endmill, which can be placed side-by-side. The base of each holder could be a cube or a cylinder. I need to be able to specify the base shape and overall dimensions.
4.  **Spacing and Arrangement:** I need to control the spacing between each individual holder.
5.  **Labeling:** Each holder should have a text label for the endmill tip size. I need to be able to adjust the size, spacing, extrusion, and font of the text.
6.  **Customization:** I need to be able to adjust things like wall thickness and the clearance around the endmills.

Could you generate a parametric OpenSCAD design that can handle these requirements? I'm not asking for improvements over the existing design, just for you to create something similar from scratch using the details I provided. Also, please make sure to comment the code well so I can figure out how to use and adjust everything!

Thanks so much!

[Assistant]
Endmill_holder.scad:
```
/*
Parametric endmill index/holder.
Copyright (C) 2019 David H. Brown

https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:3882481

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/

*/

// Vector of vectors of: [tip diameter, shaft diameter, cutting length, total length]
endmills = [
    [2,6,7,51],
    [3,6,8,52],
    [4,6,11,55],
    [5,6,13,57],
//    [6,6,13,57], // nominal
    [6,6,19,60], // actual
    [7,8,19,63],
    [8,8,19,63],
    [9,10,22,72],
    [10,10,22,72],
    [12,12,26,83]
];
/* [Holder geometry] */
// Thickness of exterior walls
wall = 1; //[0.4:0.05:2.5]
// Added to shaft and tip diameters to ensure they fit
clearance = 0.4; // [0:0.1:1]
// Thickens the ridges that help the mills snap in. Set to -clearance if you want no ridges.
interference = 0.2;  //[-1:0.1:1]
// the slope leading to the bottom recess. 270 degrees would be flat and not usable.
insertion_angle=290; // [280:5:330]
/* [Label text] */
// Thickness of the text labels. Set to 0 if you don't want any
text_extrude=0.5; // [0:0.1:1]
// The text is scaled to the shaft diameter which determines the available width
text_scale = 1; // [0.25:0.05:1.25]
// If the tip size needs multiple characters, set this < 1 to squish them together
text_spacing = 0.75; // [0.5:0.05:1.1]
// If this font isn't available (must install for all users on Windows), try "Liberation Sans:style=Bold"
font = "Roboto Condensed:style=Bold";
/* [Hidden] */
$fn=72;
fudge=0.01;
endmill_count = len(endmills);
//index names for the endmill vectors:
iTip=0;
iShaft=1;
iCut=2;
iLength=3;
//function findTotalWidth(v, i) = (i == 0 ? v[i][2] + wall + wall :
//    v[i][2] + wall + findTotalWidth(v,i-1) ) ;
//total_width = findTotalWidth(endmills, endmill_count-1);
//max_shaft = max([for(i = endmills) i[1]]);
//max_length = max([for(i = endmills) i[3]]);
module holder(endmill) {
    shaft = endmill[iShaft];
    yip = wall+clearance+shaft*2;// Y insertion point just past covering lip
    insertion_length = 2*yip + yip * sin(insertion_angle);
    xmid = wall+(shaft+clearance)/2; // X middle
    ridge_length=min([6,shaft]);

    union(){
       difference(){
            cube([shaft+2*wall+clearance,endmill[iLength]+2*wall+clearance*2,shaft*1.5+wall]);
        color("silver") {
            // shaft:
            translate([xmid,wall,shaft]) rotate([270,0,0]) cylinder(d=shaft+clearance,h=endmill[iLength]-endmill[iCut]);
            // tip:
            translate([xmid,wall,shaft]) rotate([270,0,0]) cylinder(d=endmill[iTip]+clearance,h=endmill[iLength]+clearance*2);
        } //silver for the taps themselves
       color("blue") intersection(){ //recessed area
               translate([wall,wall,wall]) cube([shaft+clearance,shaft*2,shaft]);
               translate([wall,yip,shaft]) rotate([insertion_angle,0,0]) translate([0,0,-insertion_length]) mirror([0,1,0]) union(){
                       translate([(shaft+clearance)/2,0,0]) cylinder(d=shaft+clearance,h=insertion_length);
                       cube([shaft+clearance,yip,insertion_length]);
                   } //union
           } // intersection; blue for the space to push down on the bottom end
    color("cyan") intersection() {
        translate([wall,wall,wall]) cube([shaft+clearance,endmill[iLength],shaft*1.5+wall+clearance]);
    translate([wall+(shaft+clearance)/2,yip,shaft]) rotate([insertion_angle,0,0]) translate([0,0,-shaft]) cylinder(d=shaft+clearance,h=shaft*2);
        }
       color("green") {
           // tip and most of shaft:
           translate([wall,yip,shaft]) cube([endmill[iShaft]+clearance,endmill[iLength]-(endmill[iShaft]*2)+clearance,endmill[iShaft]+wall+clearance]);
           // a square bit at the bottom:
           translate([wall,wall,endmill[iShaft]]) cube([endmill[iShaft]+clearance,endmill[iShaft]+clearance,endmill[iShaft]+wall+clearance]);

       } // green for being open above the endmills except where covered
       color("magenta") translate([wall+shaft/4+clearance/2,yip-shaft-clearance,wall+shaft]) cube([shaft/2,shaft+clearance*2,shaft*1.5+2*wall]);
       color("red") translate([xmid,wall/2,shaft/2+wall]) rotate([270,0,0]) {
           cylinder(d=shaft*3/4,h=wall+fudge,center=true);
           translate([0,-shaft/2,0]) cube([shaft*3/4,shaft+fudge,wall+fudge],center=true);
       }
        }//difference
        //ridges to help secure shaft in slot
        color("black") translate([0,wall+clearance+(yip+endmill[iLength]-endmill[iCut]-ridge_length)/2,shaft+wall]) {
            for(x=[wall,wall+shaft+clearance])
            translate([x,0,0]) rotate([270,0,0]) cylinder(d=clearance+interference,h=ridge_length);
        }
        // tip size label
        // as of version 2019.05, there is a glitch in centering: https://github.com/openscad/openscad/issues/3081
       // multiplying xmid*0.85 tries to compensate a bit
        label_text = str(endmill[iTip]);
        label_spacing = len(label_text) == 1 ? 1 : text_spacing;
        label_x = xmid*len(label_text) == 1 ? 1 :label_spacing/1.2;
       color("orange") translate([xmid*0.85,endmill[iLength]+2*wall+clearance*2,shaft*1.5]) rotate([270,0,0]) linear_extrude(text_extrude) text(label_text, size=shaft*text_scale, halign="center", font=font, spacing=label_spacing);
    }//union
}
function holderX(i) = (i == 0 ? 0 : endmills[i-1][iShaft]+wall+clearance + holderX(i-1));

for(i=[0:endmill_count-1]) {
    translate([holderX(i),0,0]) holder(endmills[i]);
}//for endmills
```


[User]
Hi, I'm looking to design a power bank case for some 18650 Li-ion batteries. I've got some dimensions I want to use, and I'd like the design to be parametric so I can adjust it later if needed.

I need a case that will hold a variable number of 18650 batteries, arranged side by side. The batteries are 18mm in diameter and 65mm long. There'll be a small terminal space of 1.6mm at each end of the battery. I also need a tolerance of about 0.5mm for each battery compartment. The case will have two parts: a battery holder and a frame.

Here are the dimensions for the battery holder:
*   The wall height around the batteries should be adjustable but initially around 15mm.
*   The wall thickness around the batteries should be adjustable but around 2.4mm.
*   The bottom thickness of the holder should be adjustable but around 1.8mm.
*   I'd like to include optional screw holes for securing the battery holder.

And here are the dimensions for the frame which has an upper and lower part:
*   The inner dimensions of the lid should be around 162mm wide, 99.3mm deep, and 7.5mm high. It should have rounded corners with a radius of 6mm.
*   The inner dimensions of the case should be around 166.3mm wide, 102.2mm deep, and 9mm high. The case's corners should have a radius of 8.5mm.
*   The wall thickness of the frame should be adjustable but around 1.9mm
*   I need a port on one of the long sides of the case, the port should be 83mm long and 6.5mm high, and located around 52mm from one of the edges of the case
*   I also need a hole for a switch, located 25mm from the end of the case and about 4mm above the bottom edge. The switch hole should be about 10mm wide and 3mm high.

I want the whole design to be done in OpenSCAD, and it would be great if you could use named variables and make it easy to adjust the number of batteries, and various other dimensions. I think that's everything. Let me know if you need more information.

[Assistant]
PowerBank_V2.scad:
```
////PowerBank_V2.scad
////OpenSCAD version 2015.03-2
////Kijja Chaovanakij
////2019.09.26

/*[Var]*/
//number of fragments
$fn=60; //[30:low,60:medium,90:high,180:quality]
//tolerance
tol=0.5;
//display part
part=0; //[0:all,1:batt holder,2:frame,]

/*[Li-ion battery var]*/
//battery diameter[18]
bat_dia=18;
//battery length[65]
bat_len=65;
//terminal space[1.6]
terminal_spc=1.6;
//number of piles[6]
n_pile=6;

/*[holder var]*/
//wall height[15-18]
h_wall_hi=15;
//wall thickness[2.4]
h_wall_thi=2.4;
//bottom thickness[1.8]
h_bottom_thi=1.8;
//make screw hole[0]
make_screw_hole=1; //[0:No,1:Yes]

/*[frame var]*/
//lid inner x size[162]
lid_inner_xsize=162;
//lid inner y size[99.3]
lid_inner_ysize=99.3;
//lid inner z size[7.5]
lid_inner_zsize=7.5;
//lid corner radius[6]
lid_corner_rad=6;
//case inner x size[166.3]
case_inner_xsize=166.3;
//case inner y size[102.5]
case_inner_ysize=102.2;
//case inner z size[9]
case_inner_zsize=9;
//case inner radius[8.5]
case_corner_rad=8.5;
//fram wall thickness[1.9]
fwall_thi=1.9;

/*[port var]*/
//port y size[83]
port_ysize=83;
//port z size[6.5]
port_zsize=6.5;
//port y location meature from left side of case to middle of port[52]
port_ylocate=52;

/*[switch var]*/
//switch x size[10]
switch_xsize=10;
//switch z size[3]
switch_zsize=3;
//swich x location meature from right side of case to middle of switch[25]
switch_xlocate=25;
//switch z location meature from bottom side of case to middle of switch[4]
switch_zlocate=4;

////translate var
holder_xsize=n_pile*(bat_dia+tol)+h_wall_thi*2;
echo("holder_xsize=",holder_xsize);
//
holder_ysize=bat_len+tol+terminal_spc*2+h_wall_thi*2;
echo("holder_ysize=",holder_ysize);
//
holder_zsize=h_wall_hi+h_bottom_thi;
echo("holder_zsize=",holder_zsize);
//
frame_xsize=case_inner_xsize+fwall_thi*2+tol;
echo("frame_xsize=",frame_xsize);
//
frame_ysize=case_inner_ysize+fwall_thi*2+tol;
echo("frame_ysize=",frame_ysize);
//
frame_zsize=case_inner_zsize+lid_inner_zsize;
echo("frame_zsize=",frame_zsize);

////main
if (part==1)
  holder();
else if (part==2)
  //rotate([0,180,0])
  //translate([0,0,-case_inner_zsize-lid_inner_zsize])
  frame();
else{
  holder();
  frame();
}//e
////end main

module holder(){
translate([0,-holder_ysize*0.6,0])
difference(){
//make box
  linear_extrude(height=holder_zsize,convexity=10)
    square([holder_xsize,holder_ysize],center=true);

//make batt room
  translate([0,0,h_bottom_thi*2.5])
    linear_extrude(height=holder_zsize,convexity=10)
      square([holder_xsize-h_wall_thi*2,holder_ysize-h_wall_thi*2],center=true);

//make batt groove
  rotate([90,0,0])
    translate([0,(bat_dia+tol)/2+h_bottom_thi,-holder_ysize/2+terminal_spc+h_wall_thi])
      batt_pile();

//make wall opening
  rotate([0,90,0])
    translate([-holder_ysize/2-h_bottom_thi,0,-holder_xsize/2-tol/2])
      linear_extrude(height=holder_xsize+tol,convexity=10)
        circle(d=holder_ysize);

//make wire hole
  rotate([0,90,0])
  for (i=[holder_ysize/2-h_wall_thi-1,-holder_ysize/2+h_wall_thi+1])
    translate([-h_bottom_thi*2.5-1,i,-holder_xsize/2-tol/2])
      linear_extrude(height=holder_xsize+tol,convexity=10)
        circle(d=2);

//make screw hole
  if (make_screw_hole==1){
    if (n_pile>1)
      for (i=[holder_xsize/2-h_wall_thi-bat_dia-tol,-holder_xsize/2+h_wall_thi+bat_dia+tol])
        for (j=[holder_ysize/3,-holder_ysize/3]){
////+h_bottom_thi shallow screw hole
////-h_bottom_thi through screw hole
          translate([i,j,-h_bottom_thi])
            linear_extrude(height=h_bottom_thi*4,convexity=10)
              circle(d=3);
          translate([i,j,+h_bottom_thi*2])
            cylinder(h_bottom_thi/2+0.1,1.5,3);
        }//f
  }//i
}//d
}//m
//

module frame(){
translate([0,case_inner_ysize*0.6,0])
difference(){
//make box
  extrude_round_corner_square(frame_xsize,frame_ysize,frame_zsize,case_corner_rad+fwall_thi);

//make case room
  color("orange")
  translate([0,0,-0.1])
    extrude_round_corner_square(case_inner_xsize+tol,case_inner_ysize+tol,case_inner_zsize+0.1,case_corner_rad);

//make lid room
  color("yellow")
  translate([0,0,case_inner_zsize-0.1])
    extrude_round_corner_square(lid_inner_xsize+tol,lid_inner_ysize+tol,lid_inner_zsize+0.2,lid_corner_rad);

//make port
  translate([frame_xsize/2-fwall_thi/2,-case_inner_ysize/2-tol/2+port_ylocate,-0.1])
    linear_extrude(height=port_zsize+tol*2,convexity=10)
      square([fwall_thi*3,port_ysize+tol*4],center=true);

//make switch port
  translate([case_inner_xsize/2+tol/2-switch_xlocate,-frame_ysize/2+fwall_thi/2,switch_zlocate-switch_zsize/2-tol*1.5])
    linear_extrude(height=switch_zsize+tol*3,convexity=10)
      square([switch_xsize+tol*4,fwall_thi*3],center=true);
}//d
}//m
//

module batt_pile(){
for (i=[-n_pile/2+1/2:1:n_pile/2])
  translate([i*(bat_dia+tol),0,0])
    linear_extrude(height=bat_len+tol,convexity=10)
      circle(d=bat_dia+tol);
}//m
//

module extrude_round_corner_square(xwid,ywid,height,radius){
hull(){
  for (i=[-xwid/2+radius,xwid/2-radius])
    for (j=[-ywid/2+radius,ywid/2-radius]){
      translate([i,j,0])
        linear_extrude(height=height,convexity=10)
          circle(radius);
    }//f
}//h
}//m
//
```


[User]
Hey, I'm trying to make a customizable soap dish in OpenSCAD. I've got some specific parameters in mind that I'd like to be able to control.

Essentially, the dish is a rectangular base with a grid of cylindrical posts and a raised wall around the perimeter. I need to be able to adjust the overall `width` and `height` of the base, the `depth` of the dish, the radius of the posts at their base (`base_r`) and top (`top_r`), and how far apart the posts are spaced (`offset`). I also need to control the height of the perimeter walls.

The posts should have a sort of hourglass shape, with the larger `top_r` at the bottom of the dish and the smaller `base_r` where the posts will support the soap. Also, the posts should be connected by small rectangular bars on the base. The bars need to be width-wise between the posts on the X axis, and length-wise between the posts on the Y axis.

The raised walls should extend a little past the edges of the post grid and also extend below the base of the posts to add strength. I'd like the wall to surround the grid, and also have small sections of wall that run parallel to the X and Y axis, at the outer edges of the grid, so they don't look as exposed.

I'm looking for a parametric design, meaning that all these parameters should be easy to modify and the OpenSCAD model should update accordingly. I'd like the file(s) to be well-organized and easy to understand. And if there's a good way to make the code efficient, I'm all for it.

I'd prefer to not use any external libraries for this design. Is this something you can help me with?

[Assistant]
dish.scad:
```
width=250;
height=200;
depth=15;
base_r=4;
top_r=8;
offset=25;

wall_height = depth * 1.2;
num_x = floor(width / offset);
num_y = floor(height / offset);

module post() {
    cylinder(h=depth/2, r1=base_r, r2=top_r);
    translate([0, 0, depth/2]) {
        cylinder(h=depth/2, r1=top_r, r2=base_r);
    }
}

translate([-width/2, -height/2, 0]) {
    for(x = [0 : 1 : num_x]) {
        for(y = [0 : 1 : num_y]) {
            translate([offset * x, offset * y, 0]) {
                post();
            }
        }
    }
    translate([0, 0, depth / 2]) {
        for(x = [1 : 1 : num_x - 1]) {
            translate([offset * x - base_r/2, 0, -base_r]) {
                cube(size = [base_r, height, base_r]);
            }
        }

        for(y = [1 : 1 : num_y - 1]) {
            translate([0, offset * y - base_r/2, -base_r]) {
                cube(size = [width, base_r, base_r]);
            }
        }
    }
}

translate([-width/2, -height/2, 0]) {
    translate([-top_r, -top_r, 0]) {
        cube(size = [width + top_r*2, top_r/2, wall_height]);
        cube(size = [top_r/2, height + top_r*2, wall_height]);
    }
}

translate([-width/2 - top_r, (num_y * offset)/2 + top_r/2, 0]) {
    cube(size = [(num_x * offset) + top_r*2, top_r/2, wall_height]);
}

translate([(num_x * offset)/2 + top_r/2, -height/2 - top_r, 0]) {
    cube(size = [top_r/2, (num_y * offset) + top_r*2, wall_height]);
}

```


[User]
I'm looking to design some custom holders for Dremel cutting discs, specifically to fit within my Milwaukee Packout cases. I'd like to be able to adjust the size of the discs, the number of slots, and the overall dimensions of the holder itself.

Here's what I need the design to be able to do:

*   **Disc Size:** The holders should be able to accommodate different diameter cutting discs. I'd need a parameter to specify the diameter of the disc.
*   **Number of Slots:** The number of slots in each holder should be adjustable.
*   **Slot Width:** The width of the slot where the disc sits should be adjustable. I also need a parameter for the gap behind the disc.
*   **Holder Dimensions:** I need to control the overall width, depth, and height of the holder.
*   **Slot Spacing:** The spacing between the slots should be automatic based on the holder width and number of slots.
*   **Bottom Thickness:** I'd like to specify how much material to leave at the bottom of each slot.
*   **Chamfer:** I want to be able to add a chamfer on the bottom edges of the holder with an adjustable chamfer size.
*   **Finger Slot:** There should be a finger slot cut out in front of the slot to help remove the disc. This should be adjustable in width and its position relative to the slot itself.
*   **Attachment:** The holder needs a method of attachment to the Packout system. This should involve a cylindrical pin on each side of the holder and semicircular catches to connect it to the case. I need to control the diameter of the pin, the diameter of the catches, the total length of the pin, and the pin's distance from the bottom of the holder.

I'm planning to use this with my [Slim Packout Bins for Milwaukee bit holders](https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:3712826), but they should fit in regular Packout cases as well. I would prefer a parametric design using OpenSCAD, so I can easily generate different sizes and variations. I don't need any libraries.

[Assistant]
Milwaukee_case_Dremel_disc_holders_V4.scad:
```
/************** BEST VIEWED IN A CODE EDITOR 80 COLUMNS WIDE *******************
*
* Milwaukee Dremel disc Holders
* Benjamen Johnson <workshop.electronsmith.com>
* 20190913
* Version 3
* openSCAD Version: 2015.03-2
*******************************************************************************/
/*[Global]*/

// Diameter of the disc (25 small, 33 large)
disc_dia = 21;

// number of slots
num_slots = 3;

// width of the disc slot (front to back)
disc_slot_width = 10;

/*[Holder Parameters]*/
/*******************************************************************************
*    /\ /\ /\ /\ /\ /\ /\ /\ /\ /\  < ---- bits
*   -------------------------------  --
*  |                               |  body_height
*  |                               |
*   -------------------------------  --
*  |< ------- body_width --------->|
*   -------------------------------  --
*  | X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  |  body_depth
*   -------------------------------  --
*
*  || <- min_edge
*   -----------
*  | --- | --- | --
*  ||   |||   ||  slot_width
*  | --- | --- | --
*   -----------
*         |   | <- slot_length (I know these seem backward in 2D)
*
*******************************************************************************/
// width of the holder body
body_width = 82.5 ; // 82.5

// depth of holder
body_depth = disc_slot_width+2*1.5; // 11

// height of holder
body_height = 28;

// length of slot (side to side)
slot_length = disc_dia;

// width of the bit slot (front to back)
slot_width = disc_slot_width;

// how much material to leave at the bottom of the bit slots
bottom_thickness = 2;

// how much to chamfer the ends
bottom_chamfer = 5;

//width of the finger slot
finger_width = 16;

// minimum wall thickness at the edge of the holder
min_edge = 1;

/*[Connector Parameters]*/
/*******************************************************************************
*     -------------------------------
*   -| X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  X  |-
*     -------------------------------
*  | <------ total_pin_length -------->|
*
*             -------
*        --  |---O---|  o <- pin_dia (diamter of pivot pin)
* pin_height |   |   |
*            |   |   |    <- catch_dia (diameter of the semicircular catches)
*        --   -------
******************************************************************************/
// Length of cylinder passing through the holder that it rotates on
total_pin_length = 88; // 88

// diameter of the above cylinder
pin_dia = 4.5; // 4.5

// diameter of the semicircular catches
catch_dia = 2.5;

// pin distance from the bottom of holder;
pin_height = 10;

/*[Expert]*/
// add a slight offset to cuts to make model render properly
render_offset = 0.01; //0.005

difference(){

    // make the basic holder
    MilwaukeeHolder();

    //calculations for positioning the slots
    width2= body_width - 2 * min_edge;
    step = width2 /(num_slots);
    start = -width2/2+step/2;
    end = width2/2;
    bottom_pos = bottom_thickness+ (33 - disc_dia);

    for (x=[start:step:end]){
        // cut the slots for the discs
        translate([x,0,-(body_height-disc_dia)/2+bottom_pos])rotate([90,0,0])cylinder(h=slot_width, d=disc_dia, center=true, $fn=50);
        translate([x,0,disc_dia/2+bottom_pos])cube([disc_dia,slot_width,body_height],center=true);

        // cut the finger holes
        translate([x,-4,-(body_height-disc_dia)/2+bottom_pos])rotate([90,0,0])cylinder(h=slot_width, d=finger_width, center=true, $fn=50);
        translate([x,-4,disc_dia/2+bottom_pos])cube([finger_width,slot_width,body_height],center=true);
        }//end for

}//end difference

module MilwaukeeHolder(){

    // calculate where to put the pin
    pin_pos = - body_height/2+pin_height;

    difference(){
        union(){
            // Form the main body
            cube([body_width,body_depth,body_height],center = true);

            // form the pivot pins
            translate([0,0,pin_pos])rotate([0,90,0])cylinder(d=pin_dia,h=total_pin_length,center=true,$fn=50);

            //form the horizontal catches
            translate([body_width/2,0,pin_pos])rotate([90,0,0])cylinder(d=catch_dia,h=body_depth,center=true,$fn=50);
            translate([-body_width/2,0,pin_pos])rotate([90,0,0])cylinder(d=catch_dia,h=body_depth,center=true,$fn=50);

            //form the vertical catches
            translate([body_width/2,0,0])rotate([0,0,0])cylinder(d=catch_dia,h=body_height,center=true,$fn=50);
            translate([-body_width/2,0,0])rotate([0,0,0])cylinder(d=catch_dia,h=body_height,center=true,$fn=50);
        } // end union

        //cut off bottom corners
        translate([(body_width+catch_dia)/2,0,-body_height/2])rotate([0,45,0])cube([bottom_chamfer,body_depth+render_offset,bottom_chamfer],center=true);
        translate([-(body_width+catch_dia)/2,0,-body_height/2])rotate([0,45,0])cube([bottom_chamfer,body_depth+render_offset,bottom_chamfer],center=true);
        translate([0,-body_depth/2,-body_height/2])rotate([45,0,0])cube([body_width+render_offset, bottom_chamfer ,bottom_chamfer],center=true);
        translate([0,body_depth/2,-body_height/2])rotate([45,0,0])cube([body_width+render_offset, bottom_chamfer ,bottom_chamfer],center=true);

    }//end difference
} // end module
```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to design a customizable comb in OpenSCAD, and I'd like to have it be parameterized so I can easily adjust the dimensions and shape to fit my specific needs.

Here's what I'm imagining:

*   **Overall Shape:**  I want a rectangular base for the comb with rounded corners. The base should have a consistent thickness.

*   **Dimensions:** I need to be able to control the overall length, height, and thickness of the comb.
    *   I want a parameter for the overall length of the comb, let's call it `length`.
    *   I need a parameter for the total height of the comb, called `height`.
    *   I also need a parameter for the thickness of the comb's body called `thickness`.

*   **Teeth:** The comb will obviously need teeth, and they should be customizable too.
    *   I need a way to specify how many teeth there are, let's call that parameter `numberOfTeeth`.
    *   I also need to control the width of each tooth, so, a `toothWidth` parameter.
    *   The edges of the teeth should be angled, so a parameter, let's call it `toothCutAngle`, should exist for that. It would be nice if we could specify this angle in degrees.
    *   The teeth should be evenly spaced along the length of the comb, based on the number of teeth, tooth width, and overall width.

*   **Handle:** The comb needs some kind of handle or grip area that will allow it to be held and controlled.
    *   I want to control the height of the handle via the parameter `handle_height`. This parameter will be a percentage of the total `height`. For example, if handle_height = 30, the handle would be 30% of the overall height, and the teeth would extend up to that point.

*  **Sides:** The edges of the base should be inset from the total length of the comb.
    * The inset should be controlled by a parameter, which I'll call `side_width`. This parameter should be expressed as a percentage of the overall `length`.

I think that should be enough to get started!

[Assistant]
Customized_comb.scad:
```
// ---- Dimensions

// Length of comb
length = 100;

// Height of comb
height = 32;

//Thickness of comb
thickness = 2.8;

// Number of teeth
numberOfTeeth = 30;

// Width of tooth
toothWidth = 1; //[0.5:0.1:3]

// Angle of tooth edge
toothCutAngle = 40; //[10:1:90]

// Handle height, expressed as a perentage (out of 100%) of overall height
handle_height=30; //[1:0.5:50]

// Side thickness, expressed as a perentage (out of 100%) of overall width
side_width=3.5; //[1:0.5:10]

// ---- Calculations

handleHeight= height*handle_height/100;
side = length * side_width/100;

workingWidth = length - 2 * side;
// workingWidth = numberOfTeeth * toothWidth + (numberOfTeeth + 1) * toothGap
toothGap = (workingWidth - numberOfTeeth * toothWidth) / (numberOfTeeth + 1);
toothStep = toothGap + toothWidth;

echo("workingWidth=", workingWidth, "toothWidth=", toothWidth, "toothGap=", toothGap, "toothStep=", toothStep);

// ---- Assemble

$fs = toothWidth / 10;

module base() {
  // cube with rounded corners
  hull() {
    translate([thickness / 2, 0, thickness / 2])
    cube(size = [height - thickness, thickness, length - thickness]);

    translate([thickness / 2, thickness / 2, thickness / 2])
    sphere(r = thickness / 2);

    translate([thickness / 2, thickness / 2, length - thickness / 2])
    sphere(r = thickness / 2);

    translate([height - thickness / 2, thickness / 2, length - thickness / 2])
    sphere(r = thickness / 2);

    translate([height - thickness / 2, thickness / 2, thickness / 2])
    sphere(r = thickness / 2);
  }
}

difference() {
  base();

  // cut teeth out
  for (i = [0 : numberOfTeeth]) {
    translate([-1, -100, side + i * toothStep])
    cube(size = [1 + height - handleHeight, 200, toothGap]);
  }

  // "sharpen" teeth
  translate([0, thickness / 2, -1])
  rotate(a=90-toothCutAngle / 2 + 180, v=[0, 0, 1])
  cube(size = [1000, 1000, length + 2]);

  translate([0, thickness / 2, -1])
  rotate(a=toothCutAngle / 2, v=[0, 0, 1])
  cube(size = [1000, 1000, length + 2]);
}

```


[User]
I need an OpenSCAD design that can generate Lego-like bricks of variable length and width. The core features should be:

*   **Parametric Dimensions:** The user should be able to specify the length (number of studs along one dimension) and width (number of studs along the other dimension) of the brick.
*   **Studs:** The top of the brick should have the standard circular Lego studs (nubs) arranged in a grid according to the specified length and width. The studs should have the correct diameter and height, as close to the standard as possible.
*   **Bottom Supports:** The underside of the brick should have the characteristic cylindrical supports. These supports should be hollow and spaced to align with the studs on top. These supports should only generate if both width and length are at least 2.

I'd like to be able to adjust the unit size, height, nub diameter, nub height, wall thickness, and play between parts.

Essentially, I want an OpenSCAD module that lets me quickly make any size rectangular Lego-compatible brick. I don't need any special features, just the basic building block. I would prefer this to be self contained, and not rely on any external libraries.

Can you generate the OpenSCAD code for this?

[Assistant]
Lego_Maker.scad:
```
//Width of Lego Brick
width = 2;
//Length of Lego Brick
length = 3;
//Resolution (100 is usually plenty good)
$fn=100;

Lego_Maker (width,length);

// Parameters:
// Length:	Number of pegs long
// Width:	Number of pegs wide
// Pegs On:	Generate Pegs or No Pegs
//

module Lego_Maker (width, length)
{

 	// Variables
	unit_height = 9.6; // Height of main Brick
	unit_width = 8; // width of one Unit
	nub_diameter = 4.8; // Diameter of linking nub
	nub_height = 1.8; // Height off the top of brick
	play = 0.1;	// Removed from all outside sides to allow for play
	support_diameter_inner = 4.8; // underside cylinder inner circle diameter
	support_diameter_outer = 6.5;// outer circle
	brick_thickness_verticle = 1.2;
	brick_thickness_horizontal = 1;
	union(){

union(){ // join the nubs, brick and other together
difference(){
	cube([length*unit_width, width*unit_width, unit_height], center=true); // Make the base of the brick
	translate([0,0,-1]) cube([length*unit_width-2.4, width*unit_width-2.4, unit_height], center=true);
}
	for (w = [0:width-1]) // for each row in width
{
	for (l = [0:length-1]) // and each column in length
{
	// Weird Math...
	//The the cylinder() spawns in the center at 0,0,0 in the middle of the brick, so we need to move it
	//Height is easy, just move it up half the brick height
	//Length and Width are the same:
	// l*8-((length-1)*4)
	// l is the column, time it by 8(a nub unit), and move it back a bit, I figured it out on a sugar rush, not sure if I can still explain it...
	color("blue") translate([l*8-((length-1)*4),   w*8-((width-1)*4),unit_height/2]) cylinder(h=nub_height, r=nub_diameter/2, center=false);
	//color("blue") translate([l*8-((length-1)*4),w*8-((width-1)*4),unit_height/2-6]) cylinder(h=nub_height*4, r=nub_diameter/2, center=false);

}

}

}
if(length>1 && width>1){

	for (w = [0:width-2]) // for each row in width
{
	for (l = [0:length-2]) // and each column in length
{
difference(){
	color("green") translate([l*8- ((length-2)*4)  ,w*8-((width-2)*4),0])cylinder(h=unit_height, r=support_diameter_outer/2, center=true);//make the two cylinders one inside other, need a mini diffence, put in an if statement to avoid this if less than 2x2
	color("orange")translate([l*8- ((length-2)*4),w*8-((width-2)*4),0]) cylinder(h=unit_height, r=support_diameter_inner/2, center=true);
	}
	}}
	}
}
}

```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to generate some custom v-roller designs, and I'd like to have a parametric OpenSCAD file for them. I've seen similar designs online, but I want one that's completely parametric and will let me change all sorts of dimensions, including a flat center portion.

I'd like the file to be able to control the following:
*   `segments`: the number of segments to use when generating circles and cylinders. Higher numbers will be smoother, but take longer to render.
*   `w`: the overall thickness of the roller
*   `outer_d`: the outer diameter of the roller
*   `inner_d`: the diameter of the inner, v-groove part of the roller
*   `bearing_d`: the diameter of the bearing hole in the center.
*   `center_flat_w`: the width of the flat section in the center of the roller. This should be zero or greater, allowing a user to choose not to have a flat center section.
*  `cut`: This is an amount to cut off from the outer flanges to make them flat near the outer edges, relative to the v-groove.

Essentially, I want to create a V-roller with the option to have a flat section in the middle, and I want to be able to control all the dimensions. I would like it to have a bearing hole in the middle, too.

Could you help me write that? I'd like the code to be pretty readable too, if possible.

[Assistant]
608_v_roller_with_flat_center.scad:
```
//Segments in the circles (Higher numbers produce smoother curve, but take longer to render)
segments = 64;
//Thickness of bearing
w = 7;
//Outer Diameter of roller
outer_d   = 30;
//Diameter of V-Trough
inner_d   = 25.5;
//Diameter of bearing
bearing_d = 22.05;
// Width of center flat part
center_flat_w = 0.5;
//Amount to cut off flanges to produce flat circumference (0 - 2 works well at default diameters)
cut = 0.75; // [0:0.01:10]

difference(){
    difference(){
        union(){
            cylinder(h=w/2-center_flat_w/2, r1=outer_d/2+cut, r2=inner_d/2, $fn=segments);
            translate([0,0,w/2-0.0001+center_flat_w/2])
            cylinder(h=w/2-center_flat_w/2, r1=inner_d/2, r2=outer_d/2+cut, $fn=segments);
            translate([0,0,w/2-0.001-center_flat_w/2])
            cylinder(h=center_flat_w+0.1,r=inner_d/2, $fn=segments);
        }
        translate([0,0,-1])
        cylinder(h=w+2, r1=bearing_d/2, r2=bearing_d/2, $fn=segments);
    }
    difference(){

        cube(outer_d+5+cut*2, center=true);
        translate([0,0,-1])
        cylinder(h=w+2, r1=outer_d/2, r2=outer_d/2, $fn=segments);
    }
}
```


[User]
I'd like to create a customizable geometric container with a lid, and I'd like to use OpenSCAD. I'm thinking of something similar to this Thingiverse design: https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:3903553.

Here's what I need:

*   **Container Shape:** The base shape should be a regular polygon, configurable by the user. I'd like options for triangle, square, pentagon, hexagon, heptagon, octagon, nonagon, and then a rough or smooth circle approximation. I'd like to set the number of sides directly.
*   **Container Dimensions:** I need to be able to adjust the container diameter (D_con) and height (H_con), and the container wall and base thickness (T_con).
*   **Lid:** I need a lid that fits the container, with its own diameter (D_lid), height (H_lid), and thickness (T_lid). D_lid should be derived from D_con and T_con, likely adding the wall thickness to the container diameter, and the other parameters should also be independently adjustable.
*   **Part Selection:** I'd also like the option to render only the container, only the lid, or both together.

I think I'd like the lid to be a separate piece so that it can be printed and used separately.

Can you generate the OpenSCAD file(s) for this design? I'm not sure if it needs multiple files, but I'm happy to have it either way if it helps keep things organized.

[Assistant]
Geometric_Storage_Containers.scad:
```
// Geometric Container/Vase
// Nick Moeggenborg
// 10/1/2019

/* [Part] */

Part = "3"; //[1:Container,2:Lid,3:Both]

/* [Container] */

// Container Shape
$fn = 3; //[3:Triangle,4:Square,5:Pentagon,6:Hexagon,7:Heptagon,8:Octagon,9:Nonagon,10:Rough Circle,100:Smooth Circle]

// Container Diameter in mm
D_con = 75;

// Container Height in mm
H_con = 50;

// Container Thickness (walls and base) in mm
T_con = 5;

/* Lid */

// Lid Diameter in mm
D_lid = D_con + T_con;

// Lid Height in mm
H_lid = 0.25*H_con;

// Lid Thickness (walls and base) in mm
T_lid = T_con;

if (Part=="1"){
    Container();
}else if (Part == "2"){
    translate([-D_con+T_con,0,0])
    Lid();
}else {
    Container();
    Lid();
}
//

module Container()
{
    difference(){
        cylinder(h=H_con,d=D_con);

        translate([0,0,T_con])
            cylinder(h=1.5*H_con,d=D_con-T_con);
    }
}
//

module Lid()
{
translate([D_con+T_con,0,0])
difference(){
    cylinder(h=H_lid,d=D_lid+T_con);

    translate([0,0,T_lid])
        cylinder(h=1.5*H_lid,d=D_lid-T_lid);
    }
}
```


[User]
I need a set of OpenSCAD files to adapt a 3D printer's stock spool holder to accommodate larger spools. I'm looking to make an adapter that stabilizes these larger spools so they rotate smoothly on the printer's existing spool holder.

Here's what I have in mind: I'll need three main parts: a washer, a spacer, and an adapter. The washer sits between the spool adapter and the printer's stock arm cap, the spacer fits between the adapter and the end of the printer's spool holder, and the adapter fits through the center hole of the filament spool itself. I'm picturing that the adapter has a large flange on one side, effectively making a sort of sleeve for the spool to sit on. The adapter should be made to sit flush against the washer, and the spacer should sit flush against the adapter.

I'd like the design to be parametric so I can adjust it for different printers and spools. Here are the parameters I think are important:

*   `spindle_diameter`: The outer diameter of the printer's stock spool holder.
*   `spool_axle_opening_diameter`: The inner diameter of the filament spool's center hole.
*   `spool_width`: The width of the filament spool.
*   `spacer_length`: The length of the spacer. This will fit between the adapter and the end of the stock shaft.
*    `flange_wall_thickness`: The wall thickness for the flanges and sleeves.
*   `washer_thickness`: The thickness of the washer.
*   `adapter_length`: The overall length of the adapter. if this is less than 0, then it should automatically be set to `spool_width-(2*washer_thickness)`.
*   `washer_outer_diameter`: The outer diameter of the washer. If this is less than 0, then it should automatically be set to `spool_axle_opening_diameter + 12`.

I'd also like to be able to easily select to generate only one part, or all of the parts together.

I don't need to use any special libraries, just OpenSCAD's built-in modules should be fine.

[Assistant]
spool_adapter.scad:
```
/* BIBO 3D Printer filament spool adapter
 * by Paul F Sehorne 07/07/2019
 * aethenelle 10/2/2019
 */

part = "all"; // [washer:washer between spool adapter and stock arm cap,spacer:spacer between adapter and end of spool holder,adapter:spool diameter adapter,all:all]

$fn=32;

// OD of printer's stock spool holder
spindle_diameter=29;

// ID of spool
spool_axle_opening_diameter=52;

spool_width=70;

// fits between the sleeve the near end of the stock shaft
spacer_length=34;
flange_wall_thickness=3;
washer_thickness=3;

/* [Advanced] */

adapter_length=-1;

//automatically calculate if less than 0
washer_outer_diameter=-1;

large_flange_length=adapter_length < 0 ? spool_width-(2*washer_thickness) : adapter_length;

washer_od = washer_outer_diameter < 0 ? spool_axle_opening_diameter+12 : washer_outer_diameter;

if (part == "all" || part == "washer") {
    // goes between the filament spool and the stock flange moounted on the back of the printer
    solid_washer();
}

if (part == "all" || part == "spacer") {
    //takes up space between the adapter at the spool and the end of the stock shaft
    translate([0,0,part == "all" ? washer_thickness+ large_flange_length : 0]) solid_spacer();
}

if (part == "all" || part == "adapter") {
    // slides through the filament spool
    translate([0,0,part == "all" ? washer_thickness +large_flange_length : 0]) rotate([0,part == "all" ? 180 : 0,0]) solid_adapter();
}

//******** modules *******************/
module solid_washer() {
    difference() {
        cylinder(h=washer_thickness, d=washer_od,center=false);
        translate([0,0,-0.5]) cylinder(h=washer_thickness+1, d=spindle_diameter);
    }
}

module solid_spacer() {
    difference() {
        union() {
            //flange
            cylinder(h=4, d=spindle_diameter+6,center=false);
            //flange cylinder
            translate([0,0,4]) cylinder(h=spacer_length-4, d=spindle_diameter+flange_wall_thickness,center=false);
        }
        translate([0,0,-0.5]) cylinder(h=spacer_length+1, d=spindle_diameter);
    }
}

module solid_adapter() {
    difference() {
        union() {
            //bottom flange plate
            solid_washer();

            difference() {
                //sleeve/axle
                translate([0,0,washer_thickness]) cylinder(h=large_flange_length-washer_thickness, d=spool_axle_opening_diameter,center=false);

                translate([0,0,flange_wall_thickness]) cylinder(h=large_flange_length-(2*flange_wall_thickness), d=spool_axle_opening_diameter-flange_wall_thickness,center=false);

            }
        }
        translate([0,0,-0.5]) cylinder(h=large_flange_length+1, d=spindle_diameter);
    }
}

```


[User]
I'm looking to design a coffee funnel for use with my espresso machine. Specifically, I need it to fit the portafilter of a La Pavoni Europiccola pre-millennium machine, and I'd like it to be parametric so I can adjust the dimensions. Here's what I'm envisioning:

The funnel should be a truncated cone shape, essentially a bowl with a hole in the bottom that fits onto the portafilter. It needs to have a few key features:

*   **Bottom Diameter (Outer):** This needs to match the portafilter size, and I'm currently thinking 49.7mm, but it needs to be adjustable.
*   **Top Diameter (Outer):** The top should be wider, around 75mm, but also needs to be adjustable.
*   **Outer Height:** The main vertical height of the funnel should be roughly 20mm.
*   **Inner Height:** The height of the internal "lip" that fits onto the portafilter needs to be small, about 2.5mm.
*   **Inner Thickness:** The thickness of the lip itself is small, maybe 0.5mm.
*   **Rim Thickness:** The outer thickness at the bottom needs to be substantial, say around 4mm. This rim should also connect smoothly to the wall of the funnel.
*   **Top Thickness:** The thickness at the top edge can be thinner, perhaps 1mm.
*  **Rim Chamfer:** There should be a small chamfer where the bottom of the funnel turns outwards, maybe 1mm.

I also want to make sure the funnel is compatible with a specific coffee tamper I have, which is designed to fit within the funnel. So, the inner diameter at the bottom must accommodate that. I think it's important that the funnel lets me grind *and* tamp my coffee without having to remove the funnel.

Ideally, I'd like the code to be clean and well-organized and use a small `$fa` value to provide a smooth, high-quality render. I think the whole model can be done with a single `rotate_extrude` of a 2D polygon.

I'm new to OpenSCAD, but I think it should be relatively straightforward using those parameters and a `rotate_extrude`. I also know I don't need any extra libraries here - this is something I can manage with just core OpenSCAD functions.

[Assistant]
Funnel.scad:
```
/* [Geometry] */
FunnelOuterDiameter_bot = 49.7;
FunnelOuterDiameter_top = 75;
FunnelHeight_out = 20;
FunnelHeight_in = 2.5;
FunnelThickness_in = 0.5;
FunnelThickness_rim = 4;
FunnelThickness_top = 1;
rimChamferLength = 1;

/* [Hidden] */
$fa = 1; // increase to speed up the computation (and end up with a rougher model)

RimHeight = FunnelHeight_out*FunnelThickness_rim/((FunnelOuterDiameter_top-FunnelOuterDiameter_bot)/2);

echo(RimHeight=RimHeight);

rotate_extrude(angle = 360, convexity = 0) {
    polygon(points=[
        [(FunnelOuterDiameter_bot)/2-FunnelThickness_in, -FunnelHeight_in],
        [FunnelOuterDiameter_bot/2, -FunnelHeight_in],
        [FunnelOuterDiameter_bot/2, -rimChamferLength],
        [FunnelOuterDiameter_bot/2+rimChamferLength, 0],
        [FunnelOuterDiameter_bot/2+FunnelThickness_rim, 0],
        [FunnelOuterDiameter_bot/2+FunnelThickness_rim, RimHeight],
        [FunnelOuterDiameter_top/2, FunnelHeight_out],
        [FunnelOuterDiameter_top/2-FunnelThickness_top, FunnelHeight_out],
        [FunnelOuterDiameter_bot/2-FunnelThickness_in, 0]
        ]);
}
```


[User]
I need a design for an adjustable air vent, similar to the one I found on Thingiverse (thing:3896874), but I'd like to make some changes and have it all parametric. The original design is called "AirVent_V1.2.scad", and it has a socket part and a top part that screw together.

The basic design is: a circular socket base that attaches to a pipe, and a circular top that screws into it. The socket has a flange that sits on the duct and it has support struts around the nut part. The top has a threaded section that goes into the nut and a top plate, and it screws into the socket to adjust the airflow.

I need the following parameters:

**General:**

*   `type`:  A string parameter to switch between creating the socket or top piece. Options should be "socket" and "top".
*   `plate_diameter`: Diameter of the circular plate part of both the socket and the top.
*   `plate_height`: Height of the plate part of both the socket and the top.

**Top:**

*   `thread_length`: Length of the threaded part of the top piece.
*   `thread_outer_diameter`: Outer diameter of the thread on the top.

**Socket:**

*   `pipe_diameter`: Inner diameter of the pipe section of the socket.
*  `pipe_height`: Height of the pipe section of the socket.
*   `pipe_border`: Thickness of the pipe wall.
*   `nut_height`: Height of the nut section in the socket.
*   `nut_thread_outer_diameter`: Outer diameter of the nut's thread.
*   `nut_diameter`: Distance between the flats of the hex nut.
*   `strut_height`: Height of the support struts.
*   `strut_width`: Width of the support struts.
*   `strut_ring_diameter`: Diameter of the circle that the struts attach to.

The script should calculate `strut_length` and `strut_pos` using the parameters.  The logic from the original code is:

```
strut_length = ((pipe_diameter/2)-pipe_border)-(nut_diameter/2)-((strut_ring_diameter-nut_diameter)/2/2);
strut_pos = (nut_diameter/2)+((strut_ring_diameter-nut_diameter)/2/2);
```

I’d also like it to include the 'Nut Job' library by Mike Thompson for the threads and nuts, and the `polyScrewThread_r1.scad` library by aubenc. I don't have those libraries, and I'll need them included in the response so the code will work. Please ensure that the hex_screw and hex_nut modules can use parameters for thread step and shape degrees. I want to be able to control thread step and shape degrees, and I'd like to use countersinks.

The libraries should be included in the response.  I don’t want just a reference to the code existing. I will need code so I can run it locally. Also, I need the library functionality to be implemented as modules, not as an include.

[Assistant]
AirVent_V1.2.scad:
```
/* Air Vent - Adjustable by Thomas Heiser
 *
 * 2019-10-05 (https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:3896874)
 *
 * Thingiverse: thomasheiser
 *
 * V1.2
 *
 * Licensing: This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0)
 * Further information is available here - https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/
*/

/* [General] */

type = "socket";//[socket,top]

//Diameter for the plate (Top & Socket)
plate_diameter		    		= 160;

// Height for the plate (Top & Socket)
plate_height				    = 1.8;

/* [Top] */

//Length of the threaded section
thread_length  					= 30;

//Outer diameter of the thread
thread_outer_diameter           = 8;

/* [Socket] */

//Diameter for the pipe
pipe_diameter				    = 114;

//Height for the pipe
pipe_height 				    = 40;

// With of teh pipe border
pipe_border				        = 1;

//Height of the nut
nut_height	  				    = 20;

//Outer diameter of the bolt thread to match (usually set about 1mm larger than bolt diameter to allow easy fit - adjust to personal preferences)
nut_thread_outer_diameter     	= 9;

//Distance between flats for the hex nut
nut_diameter    				= 12;

// Height for the struts
strut_height                   = 5;

// Width for the struts
strut_width                     = 5;

// Ring diameter of the struts
strut_ring_diameter             = 20;

/* [Hidden] */

strut_length = ((pipe_diameter/2)-pipe_border)-(nut_diameter/2)-((strut_ring_diameter-nut_diameter)/2/2);
strut_pos = (nut_diameter/2)+((strut_ring_diameter-nut_diameter)/2/2);

if(type=="socket")
{
    // struts
    translate([-(strut_width/2),strut_pos,0])cube([strut_width,strut_length,strut_height],false);
    translate([-(strut_width/2),-(strut_pos+strut_length),0])cube([strut_width,strut_length,strut_height],false);
    translate([strut_pos,-(strut_width/2),0])cube([strut_length,strut_width,strut_height],false);
    translate([-(strut_pos+strut_length),-(strut_width/2),0])cube([strut_length,strut_width,strut_height],false);

    // ring around the nut
    difference() {
         cylinder( $fn = 100, strut_height, strut_ring_diameter/2, strut_ring_diameter/2,false);
         cylinder( $fn = 100, strut_height, nut_diameter/2, nut_diameter/2,false);

    }

    // Pipe
    difference() {
        union()
        {
            cylinder($fn = 100, plate_height, plate_diameter/2, plate_diameter/2,false);
            cylinder($fn = 100, pipe_height, pipe_diameter/2, pipe_diameter/2,false);

        }
        cylinder( $fn = 100, 100, pipe_diameter/2-pipe_border, pipe_diameter/2-pipe_border,false);
    }

}

/*
 * Library included below:
 *
 * 'Nut Job' nut, bolt, washer and threaded rod factory by Mike Thompson 1/12/2013, Thingiverse: mike_linus
 */

//Distance between flats for the hex head or diameter for socket or button head (ignored for Rod)
head_diameter    				= 12;
//Thread step or Pitch (2mm works well for most applications ref. ISO262: M3=0.5,M4=0.7,M5=0.8,M6=1,M8=1.25,M10=1.5)
thread_step    					= 2;
//Step shape degrees (45 degrees is optimised for most printers ref. ISO262: 30 degrees)
step_shape_degrees 				= 45;
//Countersink in both ends
countersink  					= 2;

//Thread step or Pitch (2mm works well for most applications ref. ISO262: M3=0.5,M4=0.7,M5=0.8,M6=1,M8=1.25,M10=1.5)
nut_thread_step    				= 2;
//Step shape degrees (45 degrees is optimised for most printers ref. ISO262: 30 degrees)
nut_step_shape_degrees 			= 45;

//Number of facets for hex head type or nut. Default is 6 for standard hex head and nut
facets                          = 100;
//Resolution (lower values for higher resolution, but may slow rendering)
resolution    					= 0.5;
nut_resolution    				= resolution;

//Top
if (type=="top")
{
	hex_screw(thread_outer_diameter,thread_step,step_shape_degrees,thread_length,resolution,countersink,head_diameter,0,plate_height,plate_diameter);
}

//Hex Nut (normally slightly larger outer diameter to fit on bolt correctly)
if (type=="socket")
{
	hex_nut(nut_diameter,nut_height,nut_thread_step,nut_step_shape_degrees,nut_thread_outer_diameter,nut_resolution);
}

/* Library included below to allow customizer functionality
 *
 * polyScrewThread_r1.scad    by aubenc @ Thingiverse
 *
 * Modified by mike_mattala @ Thingiverse 1/1/2017 to remove deprecated assign
 *
 * This script contains the library modules that can be used to generate
 * threaded rods, screws and nuts.
 *
 * http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:8796
 *
 * CC Public Domain
 */

module screw_thread(od,st,lf0,lt,rs,cs)
{
    or=od/2;
    ir=or-st/2*cos(lf0)/sin(lf0);
    pf=2*PI*or;
    sn=floor(pf/rs);
    lfxy=360/sn;
    ttn=round(lt/st+1);
    zt=st/sn;

    intersection()
    {
        if (cs >= -1)
        {
           thread_shape(cs,lt,or,ir,sn,st);
        }

        full_thread(ttn,st,sn,zt,lfxy,or,ir);
    }
}

module hex_nut(df,hg,sth,clf,cod,crs)
{

    difference()
    {
        hex_head(hg,df);

        hex_countersink_ends(sth/2,cod,clf,crs,hg);

        screw_thread(cod,sth,clf,hg,crs,-2);
    }
}

module hex_screw(od,st,lf0,lt,rs,cs,df,hg,ntl,ntd)
{
    ntr=od/2-(st/2)*cos(lf0)/sin(lf0);

    union()
    {
        hex_head(hg,df);

        translate([0,0,hg])
        if ( ntl == 0 )
        {
            cylinder(h=0.01, r=ntr, center=true);
        }
        else
        {
            if ( ntd == -1 )
            {
                cylinder(h=ntl+0.01, r=ntr, $fn=floor(od*PI/rs), center=false);
            }
            else if ( ntd == 0 )
            {
                union()
                {
                    cylinder(h=ntl-st/2,
                             r=od/2, $fn=floor(od*PI/rs), center=false);

                    translate([0,0,ntl-st/2])
                    cylinder(h=st/2,
                             r1=od/2, r2=ntr,
                             $fn=floor(od*PI/rs), center=false);
                }
            }
            else
            {
                cylinder(h=ntl, r=ntd/2, $fn=ntd*PI/rs, center=false);
            }
        }

        translate([0,0,ntl+hg]) screw_thread(od,st,lf0,lt,rs,cs);
    }
}

module hex_screw_0(od,st,lf0,lt,rs,cs,df,hg,ntl,ntd)
{
    ntr=od/2-(st/2)*cos(lf0)/sin(lf0);

    union()
    {
        hex_head_0(hg,df);

        translate([0,0,hg])
        if ( ntl == 0 )
        {
            cylinder(h=0.01, r=ntr, center=true);
        }
        else
        {
            if ( ntd == -1 )
            {
                cylinder(h=ntl+0.01, r=ntr, $fn=floor(od*PI/rs), center=false);
            }
            else if ( ntd == 0 )
            {
                union()
                {
                    cylinder(h=ntl-st/2,
                             r=od/2, $fn=floor(od*PI/rs), center=false);

                    translate([0,0,ntl-st/2])
                    cylinder(h=st/2,
                             r1=od/2, r2=ntr,
                             $fn=floor(od*PI/rs), center=false);
                }
            }
            else
            {
                cylinder(h=ntl, r=ntd/2, $fn=ntd*PI/rs, center=false);
            }
        }

        translate([0,0,ntl+hg]) screw_thread(od,st,lf0,lt,rs,cs);
    }
}

module thread_shape(cs,lt,or,ir,sn,st)
{
    if ( cs == 0 )
    {
        cylinder(h=lt, r=or, $fn=sn, center=false);
    }
    else
    {
        union()
        {
            translate([0,0,st/2])
              cylinder(h=lt-st+0.005, r=or, $fn=sn, center=false);

            if ( cs == -1 || cs == 2 )
            {
                cylinder(h=st/2, r1=ir, r2=or, $fn=sn, center=false);
            }
            else
            {
                cylinder(h=st/2, r=or, $fn=sn, center=false);
            }

            translate([0,0,lt-st/2])
            if ( cs == 1 || cs == 2 )
            {
                  cylinder(h=st/2, r1=or, r2=ir, $fn=sn, center=false);
            }
            else
            {
                cylinder(h=st/2, r=or, $fn=sn, center=false);
            }
        }
    }
}

module full_thread(ttn,st,sn,zt,lfxy,or,ir)
{
  if(ir >= 0.2)
  {
    for(i=[0:ttn-1])
    {
        for(j=[0:sn-1])
        {
			pt = [[0,0,i*st-st],
                 [ir*cos(j*lfxy),     ir*sin(j*lfxy),     i*st+j*zt-st       ],
                 [ir*cos((j+1)*lfxy), ir*sin((j+1)*lfxy), i*st+(j+1)*zt-st   ],
				 [0,0,i*st],
                 [or*cos(j*lfxy),     or*sin(j*lfxy),     i*st+j*zt-st/2     ],
                 [or*cos((j+1)*lfxy), or*sin((j+1)*lfxy), i*st+(j+1)*zt-st/2 ],
                 [ir*cos(j*lfxy),     ir*sin(j*lfxy),     i*st+j*zt          ],
                 [ir*cos((j+1)*lfxy), ir*sin((j+1)*lfxy), i*st+(j+1)*zt      ],
                 [0,0,i*st+st]];

            polyhedron(points=pt,faces=[[1,0,3],[1,3,6],[6,3,8],[1,6,4], //changed triangles to faces (to be deprecated)
										[0,1,2],[1,4,2],[2,4,5],[5,4,6],[5,6,7],[7,6,8],
										[7,8,3],[0,2,3],[3,2,7],[7,2,5]	]);
        }
    }
  }
  else
  {
    echo("Step Degrees too agresive, the thread will not be made!!");
    echo("Try to increase de value for the degrees and/or...");
    echo(" decrease the pitch value and/or...");
    echo(" increase the outer diameter value.");
  }
}

module hex_head(hg,df)
{
	rd0=df/2/sin(60);
	x0=0;	x1=df/2;	x2=x1+hg/2;
	y0=0;	y1=hg/2;	y2=hg;

	intersection()
	{
	   cylinder(h=hg, r=rd0, $fn=facets, center=false);

		rotate_extrude(convexity=10, $fn=6*round(df*PI/6/0.5))
		polygon([ [x0,y0],[x1,y0],[x2,y1],[x1,y2],[x0,y2] ]);
	}
}

module hex_head_0(hg,df)
{
    cylinder(h=hg, r=df/2/sin(60), $fn=6, center=false);
}

module hex_countersink_ends(chg,cod,clf,crs,hg)
{
    translate([0,0,-0.1])
    cylinder(h=chg+0.01,
             r1=cod/2,
             r2=cod/2-(chg+0.1)*cos(clf)/sin(clf),
             $fn=floor(cod*PI/crs), center=false);

    translate([0,0,hg-chg+0.1])
    cylinder(h=chg+0.01,
             r1=cod/2-(chg+0.1)*cos(clf)/sin(clf),
             r2=cod/2,
             $fn=floor(cod*PI/crs), center=false);
}
```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to generate some cool mandala-like designs using OpenSCAD, and I'd love your help crafting a parametric script! I've been playing around with a simple design that uses rotated toruses to create the patterns and I want to be able to customize the look more easily.

Essentially, I envision a central design built from two shapes that alternate in a circular pattern. Let me describe each shape and the parameters I want to control.

**Shape 1:** This is a torus-like shape created using `rotate_extrude` around a circle. I'd like to be able to control:
*   **`Sides1`:** The number of sides the `rotate_extrude` uses, defining the basic polygonal shape of the torus (like triangle, square, pentagon, etc.).
*   **`Rad1`:** The radius at which the generating circle is translated before the extrusion. Essentially, the "size" of the resulting shape, and also it's distance from the center before being rotated.
* **`HexPosition1`:** The distance at which shape 1 is from the center (x coordinate only) before the rotation.

**Shape 2:** This is another torus-like shape similar to shape 1. I also need the following controls:
*   **`Sides2`:** The number of sides for this `rotate_extrude`.
*   **`Rad2`:** The radius of the circle before extrusion.
*  **`HexPosition2`:** The distance at which shape 2 is from the center (x coordinate only) before the rotation.

**Overall Design:**
*   The design will be made up of a series of shape 1s and shape 2s, each rotated around the center, with Shape 1 being the first in the pattern.  They alternate in a circular path. For instance, if there are 15 elements, then there will be 8 instances of Shape 1, and 7 instances of Shape 2.
*  The shapes will be spaced out by 30 degrees on the z axis.
*   The script will repeat the two shapes around the center a fixed number of times. In this case, it will loop 15 times, placing 15 rotated instances of the shapes.
* Each shape should be created using `rotate_extrude` with a circle of radius 1, and a $fn of 6 to make it somewhat circular.

I'd like the script to be parameterized so that I can easily adjust all of these values, which means that you should include all of these parameters as top-level variables. I'm not looking for any special dependencies, just standard OpenSCAD.

Could you please generate an OpenSCAD script that achieves this? Let me know if you have any questions.

[Assistant]
codeFlake_Generator_Customizer-001.scad:
```
//CODEflakes, (c)2019 Museum of Science and Industry, Chicago

/*[codeFlake Geometry]*/

// Number of sides in first shape?
Sides1 = 3; // [3:12]

// Number of sides in second shape?
Sides2 = 4; // [3:12]

// Size of first shape?
Rad1 = 7; // [0:12]

// Size of second shape?
Rad2 = 6; // [0:12]

// Position of first shape?
HexPosition1 = 5; // [0:12]

// Position of second shape?
HexPosition2 = 9; // [0:12]

  for (i = [1 : abs(1) : 15]) {           //Begin build loop
    rotate([0, 0, (30 * i)]){
      if (i % 2 == 0) {
        translate([HexPosition1, 0, 0]){  //1st polygon set
          // torus
          rotate_extrude($fn=Sides1) {
            translate([Rad1, 0, 0]) {
              circle(r=1, $fn=6);
            }
          }
        }
      } else {
        translate([HexPosition2, 0, 0]){  //2nd polygon set
          // torus
          rotate_extrude($fn=Sides2) {
            translate([Rad2, 0, 0]) {
              circle(r=1, $fn=6);
            }
          }
        }
      }

    }
  }

```


[User]
I need a parametric OpenSCAD design for a modular fridge bottle holder. It should be made up of interconnected links that can be customized for different fridge widths and bottle sizes. I'd like to control the overall length, the approximate bottle spacing, the link width and height, and how far apart the links are from each other.

The basic structure is two parallel bars connected by a series of smaller "bump" supports, these smaller bump supports will hold the bottles. I need to be able to specify the height and length of the bumps, and how rounded their edges are. The bumps should be on both main parallel bars, so that the bottles are constrained on both sides.

The design should also be modular, allowing me to split the bottle holder into smaller, printable segments. I should be able to specify a start and end position to determine which sections are rendered. The segments should connect via pins and holes generated at each split, with the holes being slightly larger than the pins for easy fitting. I'd need to control the thickness of these pins and holes, and their length.

Finally, it would be useful to have an option to temporarily display bottles in the design to help visually adjust the bump size, then remove them for printing.

I'm not sure which OpenSCAD libraries would be best suited for this, but I am open to suggestions! I'm assuming that this can be done without too much reliance on complex math.

[Assistant]
BottleFridgeHolder_v3.scad:
```
// Author: Exether Mega
// Published under: https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:3897625
// Remix of: https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:274664
$fn = 100;

// The bottle holder will be made of several parts, the total length is the inside width of the fridge.
totalLinkLength=500;
// The average diameter of the bottles to store (if an integer number doesn't fit in total length, it will be rounded).
approxBottleSpace = 70;
// Set pos start and end based on the part you want to render.
cutPosStart=0;
cutPosEnd=15;

linkHeight=3;
linkWidth=15;
// Depending on the length of the bottles to store (80 is for beer bottles)
linksDistance=80;

// In order to adjust the bump size, display the bottles to ensure they touch the bumps.
withBottles=false;

bumpHeight=14;
bumpLength=39;
bumpWidth=linkWidth-2;
bumpRounding=1;

module smooth(rounding, final = 0) {
    offset(rounding+final) { offset(-rounding) { offset(-rounding) { offset(rounding) {
        children(0);
    }}}}
}

module bumpIt(interLength) {
	translate([bumpWidth+(linkWidth-bumpWidth)/2,0,0]) { rotate([0,-90,0]) {
		translate([0,interLength+bumpHeight,0]) { rotate_extrude (angle=90) { children(0); }; }
		translate([0,bumpHeight,bumpWidth]) { rotate([180,0,0]) { rotate_extrude (angle=90) { children(0); }; } }
		translate([0,interLength+bumpHeight,0]) { rotate([90,0,0]) { linear_extrude(height=interLength) { children(0); } } }
	}}
}

module retentionPinOrHole(thickness, height, hole, left) {
	// The calculcation of the smoothing is critical, with PLA, a value of 0.1 was enough for me. But I encountered issues with PET so that I had to increase the hole.
	smoothResult=hole?0.3:0.0;
	smooth(rounding = 0.2,final = smoothResult) { polygon([[0,-1],[thickness,-1],[thickness,height+(left?thickness:0.0)],[0,height+(left?0.0:thickness)]]); }
}

module remover(cutPos,withPins) {
	union () {
		// This is the hole
		if (withPins) {
			translate([linkWidth/2+pinThickness*0.5,pinLength+cutPos*bottleSpace-epsilon,0]) {
				rotate([90,0,0]) { linear_extrude(pinLength) { retentionPinOrHole(pinThickness,bumpHeight/2,true,true); } }
				translate([linksDistance,0,0]) { rotate([90,0,0]) { linear_extrude(pinLength) { retentionPinOrHole(pinThickness,bumpHeight/2,true,true); } } }
			}
		}
		difference () {
			translate([(linksDistance/2+linkWidth),-totalLinkLength/2+cutPos*bottleSpace,0]) { cube([linksDistance+linkWidth*2+1,totalLinkLength,bottleSpace], center=true); }
			// This is the pin
			if (withPins) {
				translate([linkWidth/2-pinThickness*1.5,cutPos*bottleSpace+epsilon+0.1,0]) {
					rotate([90,0,0]) { linear_extrude(pinLength) { retentionPinOrHole(pinThickness,bumpHeight/2,false,false); } }
					translate([linksDistance,0,0]) { rotate([90,0,0]) { linear_extrude(pinLength) { retentionPinOrHole(pinThickness,bumpHeight/2,false,false); } } }
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

// --------------- the following is not intended to be configurable.
nbOfBottleSlots = round(totalLinkLength/approxBottleSpace);

realCutPosEnd = min(cutPosEnd,nbOfBottleSlots);

bottleSpace = totalLinkLength/nbOfBottleSlots;

pinThickness=2;
pinLength=bumpHeight/3;
epsilon = 0.01;

union () {
	difference() {
		union () {
			cube([linkWidth,totalLinkLength,linkHeight]);
			translate ([linksDistance,0,0]) { cube([linkWidth,totalLinkLength,linkHeight]); }
			for(i = [0:nbOfBottleSlots]) {
				//if (i < nbOfBottleSlots) {		translate ([linkWidth+(linksDistance-80-linkWidth)/2,10+bottleSpace*i,0]) { cube([80,bottleSpace-20,linkHeight]); }			}
				translate([0,bottleSpace*i-bumpLength/2,0]) {
					bumpIt (bumpLength-bumpHeight*2) { smooth(bumpRounding) { square([bumpHeight,bumpWidth]); } }
					translate([linksDistance,0,0]) { bumpIt (bumpLength-bumpHeight*2) { smooth(bumpRounding) { square([bumpHeight,bumpWidth]); } } }
				}
			}
		}

		remover(cutPosStart,cutPosStart>0?true:false);
		translate([(linksDistance+linkWidth)/2,totalLinkLength-(nbOfBottleSlots-realCutPosEnd)*bottleSpace,0]) { rotate ([0,0,180]) { translate([-(linksDistance+linkWidth)/2,0,0]) { remover(0,realCutPosEnd<nbOfBottleSlots?true:false); } } }
	}

	// Now building the interlink linkage.
	translate ([linkWidth/2,-bumpLength/4+bottleSpace*(cutPosStart+realCutPosEnd)/2,0]) { cube([linksDistance,linkWidth,linkHeight]); }
}

if (withBottles) {
	color(["#80FF80"]) {
		for (i = [0:nbOfBottleSlots-1]) {
			translate([-linksDistance*0.25,(bottleSpace)*(0.5+i),bottleSpace*0.5+linkHeight]) { rotate([0,90,0]) { cylinder (h=linksDistance*1.5, d=bottleSpace); } }
		}
	}
}
```


[User]
I need a parametric OpenSCAD design for an adapter that lets me use a smaller coin cell battery in a holder designed for a larger one. I'm thinking of something like a stepped cylinder that fits snugly inside the larger battery compartment and holds the smaller battery securely in the center.

Here's what I need the design to do and the parameters I want to control:

*   **Larger Battery Diameter:** I need to be able to specify the diameter of the larger coin cell battery (in millimeters).
*   **Larger Battery Height:** I need to be able to specify the height of the larger coin cell battery (in 0.1mm units).
*   **Smaller Battery Diameter:** I need to be able to specify the diameter of the smaller coin cell battery (in millimeters).
*   **Smaller Battery Height:** I need to be able to specify the height of the smaller coin cell battery (in 0.1mm units).

The adapter should essentially be a hollow cylinder with an outer diameter matching the larger battery, and a smaller cylindrical recess in the center to hold the smaller battery. The smaller battery should sit at the correct height to make contact with the terminals of the larger battery holder. Make sure to account for the fact that the coin cell batteries will be placed flush with the holder - the adapter will need to step up or down appropriately.

I would prefer if the generated OpenSCAD code is well-commented so that I can easily modify and understand the parameters. I don't have any specific library requirements but if a particular one would make this design easier, I'm open to suggestions!

[Assistant]
coin_cell_adapter.scad:
```
//Larger coin cell dia (in mm)
largecelld=24;
//Larger coin cell height (in 0.1mm)
largecellh=50;
//Smaller coin cell dia (in mm)
smallcelld=20;
//Smaller coin cell height (in 0.1mm)
smallcellh=32;

difference() {
    cylinder(largecellh/10,d=largecelld);
    union() {
        translate([0,(largecelld-smallcelld)/2,largecellh/10-smallcellh/10]) cylinder(smallcellh/10+1,d=smallcelld);
        translate([0,largecelld/2+smallcelld*.25,-0.01]) cylinder(largecellh/10+1,d=smallcelld);
    }
}
```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to design a small dish or bowl, something for holding jewelry or maybe paperclips. I have a basic idea in mind, and I'm hoping you can help me create a parametric OpenSCAD design.

Essentially, I want to start with a sphere, cut off the bottom to make it flat, and then hollow out the inside with another, larger sphere, offset upwards.  I'd like to control the outer diameter of the main sphere, the diameter of the hollowed-out inside sphere, and how far up the inside sphere is offset from the center of the outer sphere (which will end up defining the depth of the bowl). I'd like to be able to modify these parameters easily, so they should be variables. I would probably like to keep the bottom flat, so it can sit on a table.

Could you generate the necessary OpenSCAD code to do this? I’m not sure if I need multiple files or not. Also, it'd be great if you could comment the code to explain what each step is doing. Thanks a ton!

[Assistant]
jewelry_holder.scad:
```
//Outside Sphere Diameter
OD=50;//[45:60]
//Inside Sphere Diameter
ID=120;//[95:120]
//min/max:[95:115];

difference(){
difference(){
sphere(OD,$fn=10);

//to make the bottom flat
translate([0,0,-50])
cube([200,200,60],center=true);
}
//To make inside of plate
translate([0,0,95])
sphere(ID,$fn=10);
}

```