[User]
Hey, I'm looking to create a heart chain with text inside each heart, similar to the picture I've attached. The idea is that each heart has a letter inside it, and they're all connected in a chain. I'd like the design to be parametric so I can adjust things like the heart size, thickness, and the spacing between the hearts.

Here's what I'm thinking:

*   Each heart should have a text character inside.
*   The hearts are connected by small, interlinking rings.
*   I need to be able to control the width and thickness of the hearts.
*   The spacing between hearts and also the spacing within the rings need to be parameters.
*   The font and size of the text should be adjustable.

Could you generate the necessary OpenSCAD files for this? I don't have any code yet, so you'll need to do it all. I think I'm just using basic OpenSCAD functions so no special libraries needed.

[Assistant]
heart_chain_with_text.scad:
```
text = "MONICA";
heart_thickness = 2.5;
heart_width = 18;
spacing = 0.5;

// Given a `radius` and `angle`, draw an arc from zero degree to `angle` degree. The `angle` ranges from 0 to 90.
// Parameters:
//     radius - the arc radius
//     angle - the arc angle
//     width - the arc width
module a_quarter_arc(radius, angle, width = 1) {
    outer = radius + width;
    intersection() {
        difference() {
            offset(r = width) circle(radius, $fn=48);
            circle(radius, $fn=48);
        }
        polygon([[0, 0], [outer, 0], [outer, outer * sin(angle)], [outer * cos(angle), outer * sin(angle)]]);
    }
}

// Given a `radius` and `angles`, draw an arc from `angles[0]` degree to `angles[1]` degree.
// Parameters:
//     radius - the arc radius
//     angles - the arc angles
//     width - the arc width
module arc(radius, angles, width = 1) {
    angle_from = angles[0];
    angle_to = angles[1];
    angle_difference = angle_to - angle_from;
    outer = radius + width;
    rotate(angle_from)
        if(angle_difference <= 90) {
            a_quarter_arc(radius, angle_difference, width);
        } else if(angle_difference > 90 && angle_difference <= 180) {
            arc(radius, [0, 90], width);
            rotate(90) a_quarter_arc(radius, angle_difference - 90, width);
        } else if(angle_difference > 180 && angle_difference <= 270) {
            arc(radius, [0, 180], width);
            rotate(180) a_quarter_arc(radius, angle_difference - 180, width);
        } else if(angle_difference > 270 && angle_difference <= 360) {
            arc(radius, [0, 270], width);
            rotate(270) a_quarter_arc(radius, angle_difference - 270, width);
       }
}

// a ring for connecting hearts.
// Parameters:
//     radius - the ring radius
//     thickness - the ring thickness
//     spacing - the spacing while two rings are connecting together
module a_ring_between_hearts(radius, thickness, spacing) {
	union() {
		linear_extrude(thickness)
			arc(radius, [0, 240], radius / 1.5);

		translate([0, 0, thickness + spacing]) linear_extrude(thickness)
			arc(radius, [240, 360], radius / 1.5);

		linear_extrude(thickness * 2 + spacing) arc(radius, [0, 20], radius / 1.5);

		linear_extrude(thickness * 2 + spacing) arc(radius, [220, 240], radius / 1.5);
	}
}

module heart_sub_component(radius) {
    rotated_angle = 45;
    diameter = radius * 2;
    $fn = 48;

    translate([-radius * cos(rotated_angle), 0, 0])
        rotate(-rotated_angle) union() {
            circle(radius);
            translate([0, -radius, 0])
                square(diameter);
        }
}

// creater a heart.
//     Parameters:
//         radius - the radius of the circle in the heart
//         center - place the heart center in the origin or not
module heart(radius, center = false) {
    offsetX = center ? 0 : radius + radius * cos(45);
    offsetY = center ? 1.5 * radius * sin(45) - 0.5 * radius : 3 * radius * sin(45);

    translate([offsetX, offsetY, 0]) union() {
        heart_sub_component(radius);
        mirror([1, 0, 0]) heart_sub_component(radius);
    }
}

// a heart with two rings
//     Parameters:
//         heart_width - the width of the heart
//         heart_thickness - the thickness of the heart
//         spacing - the spacing between rings
module heart_with_rings(heart_width, heart_thickness, spacing) {
	radius_for_heart = 0.5 * heart_width / (1 + cos(45));
	ring_radius = radius_for_heart / 3;
	ring_x = heart_width / 2 + spacing;
	ring_thickness = 0.5 * (heart_thickness - spacing);

	linear_extrude(heart_thickness)
	    heart(radius_for_heart, center = true);

	translate([ring_x, radius_for_heart * sin(45), 0])
		rotate(-15)
		    a_ring_between_hearts(ring_radius, ring_thickness, spacing);

	translate([-ring_x, radius_for_heart * sin(45), 0])
	    rotate(165)
		    a_ring_between_hearts(ring_radius, ring_thickness, spacing);
}

// create a heart with a character in it
//     Parameters:
//         ch - the character
//         heart_width - the width of the heart
//         heart_thickness - the thickness of the heart
//         spacing - the spacing between rings
module a_heart_with_rings_character(ch, heart_width, heart_thickness, spacing) {
    radius_for_heart = 0.5 * heart_width / (1 + cos(45));
	difference() {
		heart_with_rings(heart_width, heart_thickness, spacing);
		translate([0, 0, heart_thickness / 2])
			linear_extrude(heart_thickness / 2)
				heart(radius_for_heart * 0.9, center = true);
	}
	translate([0, radius_for_heart / 4, heart_thickness / 2])
		linear_extrude(heart_thickness / 2)
		    text(ch, font = "Arial Black", size = radius_for_heart * 1.2, valign = "center", halign="center");
}

// create a heart chain
//     Parameters:
//         ch - the character
//         heart_width - the width of the heart
//         heart_thickness - the thickness of the heart
//         spacing - the spacing between rings
module heart_chain_with_text(chs, heart_width, heart_thickness, spacing) {
    offset_x = 0.315 * heart_width / (1 + cos(45)) + spacing + heart_width;

	for(i = [0 : len(chs) - 1]) {
	    translate([offset_x * i, 0, 0])
	        a_heart_with_rings_character(chs[i], heart_width, heart_thickness, spacing);
	}
}

heart_chain_with_text(text, heart_width, heart_thickness, spacing);

```


[User]
I need a design for a perimeter wire peg for a robotic lawnmower, and I'd like it to be parametric so I can easily adjust the dimensions.

The basic shape should be like the existing `mower_peg.scad` design: a long bar with angled tips on either end. There's a kind of cross-piece in the middle for strength and to help hold the wire in place.  This cross piece also includes a hole for the wire to pass through.

Here are the specific parameters I'd like to be able to control:

*   `peg_length`: The overall length of the peg.
*   `peg_wall`: The thickness of the walls of the bar.
*   `peg_width`: The width of the peg.
*   `peg_slot`:  The size of the wire slot, and the radius of the rounded wire channel.
*   `max_overhang`: The maximum overhang angle for the tips. This value will be used to calculate the length of the angled tips to avoid the need for support material when printing.
*   `d`: A small offset for some of the shapes. This should remain a very small value, such as `0.01`.

The peg should consist of the following:

1. Two mirrored bar shapes, with angled tips at each end, constructed so that the tips are angled inwards.
2. A cube in the middle connecting the two bars for added strength.
3. A second cube perpendicular to the first connecting cube.
4. A cylindrical wire channel cut into the second cube using a difference.
5. A tip section connecting to the channel cube that should be identical to the tip shape at the end of the bar.

I'd like to use the following libraries: `MCAD`. I'd prefer a single .scad file if that's doable, but I understand if the design is complex enough to warrant multiple files.

[Assistant]
mower_peg.scad:
```
//
//  Pegs for robot mower perimeter wire
//
//  Should print as is, no support needed
//  Best material is probably ABS
//
//  Design by Egil Kvaleberg, 20 April 2016
//

peg_length = 110.0;
peg_wall = 2.0;
peg_width = 12.0;
peg_slot = 4.0;
// max degrees of overhang supported by printer/material. 45 is usually safe
max_overhang = 30.0; // degrees
tip_len = peg_width / (2*tan(max_overhang)); // BUG:
d = 1*0.01;

module bar(slant) {
    points = [
      [0,-peg_wall/2,0],
      [peg_length-tip_len,-peg_wall/2,0],
      [peg_length-tip_len,peg_wall/2,0],
      [0,peg_wall/2,0],
      [0,slant-peg_wall/2,peg_width],
      [peg_length-tip_len,slant-peg_wall/2,peg_width],
      [peg_length-tip_len,slant+peg_wall/2,peg_width],
      [0,slant+peg_wall/2,peg_width]];
    faces = [
      [0,1,2,3],  // bottom
      [4,5,1,0],  // front
      [7,6,5,4],  // top
      [5,6,2,1],  // right
      [6,7,3,2],  // back
      [7,4,0,3]]; // left
    polyhedron(points, faces);
    translate([peg_length-tip_len, 0, 0]) tip(slant);
}
module tip(slant) {
    points = [
      [0,-peg_wall/2,0],
      [tip_len,slant/2-peg_wall/2,peg_width/2],
      [tip_len,slant/2+peg_wall/2,peg_width/2],
      [0,peg_wall/2,0],
      [0,slant-peg_wall/2,peg_width],
      [0,slant+peg_wall/2,peg_width]];
    faces = [
      [0,1,2,3],  // bottom
      [4,1,0],    // front
      [5,2,1,4],  // top
      [5,3,2],    // back
      [5,4,0,3]]; // left
    polyhedron(points, faces);
}
translate([0, -peg_width/2, 0]) bar(peg_width);
translate([0, peg_width/2, 0])  bar(-peg_width);
translate([0, -peg_width/2, 0]) cube([peg_wall,peg_width,peg_width]);
translate([0, -peg_width/2-peg_wall/2, 0]) cube([2*peg_slot+peg_wall,peg_wall,peg_width]);
intersection() {
    translate([0, -peg_width, -d]) cube([peg_slot+peg_wall,peg_slot+peg_wall,peg_width+2*d]);
    translate([peg_slot+peg_wall, -peg_width/2, 0]) {
        difference() {
            cylinder(r=peg_slot+peg_wall, h=peg_width, $fn=30);
            translate([0,0,-d]) cylinder(r=peg_slot, h=peg_width+2*d, $fn=30);
        }
    }
}
translate([peg_slot+peg_wall, -peg_width/2-peg_slot-peg_wall/2, 0]) tip(0);
```


[User]
I need an OpenSCAD design for a stamp, and I'm going to want to be able to customize it later. It should have a rectangular base with rounded corners and two lines of text on top, and a hole in the middle. I'm thinking of something like a stamp you might use with ink, not one of those big stamping machines.

Here's a more detailed breakdown of what I need:

*   **Base:** The base should be a rectangle, but with rounded corners. I want to specify the overall length and width of the rectangle and the radius of the corners. I also need to control the height/thickness of the base.
*   **Text:** There should be two separate lines of text on top of the base. I need to control the text for each line individually, and the vertical position for each line. I also want to be able to set the font size for each line, and choose from a few different fonts. The text should be centered on the stamp. I would prefer to use the 'write' library for this. I know it uses DXF files for the font.
*   **Hole:** There should be a circular hole in the middle of the stamp. I need to be able to set the radius of this hole. This hole should go all the way through the stamp.
*   **Units:** All units should be in millimeters.

I'd like to be able to control all of this using parameters in the OpenSCAD file. Could you please generate the .scad files for me? I need to be able to use the 'write/Write.scad' library with this design.

[Assistant]
Velleman_Stamp.scad:
```
use <write/Write.scad>

message_one = "Tom VC";
message_two = "Vertex Nano"; //[Velleman,Vertex,Vertex Nano,Vertex Micro,Vertex Delta]

main();

module main() {
font_one_scale = 2;
font_two_scale = 2;
text_height = 2;
Font = "write/orbitron.dxf";//["write/Letters.dxf":Basic,"write/orbitron.dxf":Futuristic,"write/BlackRose.dxf":Fancy]
build_plate_length = 70;
build_plate_width = 35;
height = 3;
cornerR = 10;

	plateLength = build_plate_length;
	plateWidth = build_plate_width;

	translate([-plateLength/2,-plateWidth/2,0])
	difference(){
        //Tekst
			union(){
				translate([plateLength/2,plateWidth-27,height])
					color([1,1,1])
						scale([font_one_scale,font_one_scale,text_height*2])
							write(message_two,space=1.05,center = true,font = Font);

				translate([plateLength/2,27,height])
					color([1,1,1])
						scale([font_two_scale,font_two_scale,text_height*2])
							write(message_one,space=1.05,center = true,font = Font);

            //plaatje
					translate([cornerR,0,0])
						cube([plateLength-cornerR*2,plateWidth,height]);
					translate([0,cornerR,0])
						cube([plateLength,plateWidth-cornerR*2,height]);
					translate([cornerR,cornerR,0])
						cylinder(h = height, r = cornerR);
					translate([cornerR+(plateLength-cornerR*2),cornerR,0])
						cylinder(h = height, r = cornerR);
					translate([cornerR,cornerR+(plateWidth-cornerR*2),0])
						cylinder(h = height, r = cornerR);
					translate([cornerR+(plateLength-cornerR*2),cornerR+(plateWidth-cornerR*2),0])
						cylinder(h = height, r = cornerR);

			}

					translate([plateLength/2,plateWidth/2,0])
						cylinder(h = height, r = 5);

	}

}
```


[User]
I'm looking to design a replacement battery bay for a mini quadcopter, specifically the X-shape ones like the one from xheli.com (http://www.xheli.com/28h-u207-quad-light.html). The idea is to ditch the existing plastic upper cover and integrate the battery holder directly, which will lighten the overall weight. I've already got an idea of the basic shape, and a rough, non-parametric OpenSCAD file. I'd like a fully parametric version of that design.

Here's the current design, which I've written out as a non-parametric SCAD file:

```
union() {
  difference() {
    cube([22, 24, 10], center=true);
    // cube([21, 24, 9], center=true);
    cube([18, 26, 8], center=true);
    translate([0, -5.5, 0]) {
      cube([24, 9, 6], center=true);
    }
    translate([0, 5.5, 0]) {
      cube([24, 9, 6], center=true);
    }
    translate([0, -5.5, 0]) {
      cube([16, 9, 12], center=true);
    }
    translate([0, 5.5, 0]) {
      cube([16, 9, 12], center=true);
    }
  }

  translate([0, 0, -6.5]) {
    difference() {
      cube([22, 11, 5], center=true);
      cube([19, 13, 1.75], center=true);
      cube([16, 13, 6], center=true);
      cube([24, 7, 6], center=true);
    }
  }
}
```

So, what I'm looking for is a parametric version. I'd like to be able to adjust the outer dimensions of the box (length, width, height), the width and depth of the internal cutout that's meant to hold the battery, and the depth of the inset on the bottom.  I also need all of the intermediate dimensions (like the inner dimensions of the main cutout) to be generated automatically based on the parameters that have been set (so for example, if the main cutout is 18x26, the dimensions of the inner cutouts on the sides should be a little bit smaller than that). Basically, everything should scale in a sensible way when the base parameters are changed.

I think it would also be useful to add a parameter for the wall thickness, that way we can change how strong the part is by changing a single number.

Also, I'd prefer if all the code was in a single file if that's possible, and that the file uses the BOSL2 library for things like `roundedcube()`.

[Assistant]
battery-bay.scad:
```
union() {
  difference() {
    cube([22, 24, 10], center=true);
    // cube([21, 24, 9], center=true);
    cube([18, 26, 8], center=true);
    translate([0, -5.5, 0]) {
      cube([24, 9, 6], center=true);
    }
    translate([0, 5.5, 0]) {
      cube([24, 9, 6], center=true);
    }
    translate([0, -5.5, 0]) {
      cube([16, 9, 12], center=true);
    }
    translate([0, 5.5, 0]) {
      cube([16, 9, 12], center=true);
    }
  }

  translate([0, 0, -6.5]) {
    difference() {
      cube([22, 11, 5], center=true);
      cube([19, 13, 1.75], center=true);
      cube([16, 13, 6], center=true);
      cube([24, 7, 6], center=true);
    }
  }
}
```


[User]
I'd like to create a customizable coin holder for a single coin, designed to attach to a keyring. I'm thinking something like a snap-fit design, where two face plates sandwich a springy ring that holds the coin in place.

I need the design to be parametric, so I can adjust it for different coin sizes, as well as things like print tolerance, springiness, and keyring size. I'd prefer to specify a minimum wall thickness for printing, too. For the final product, I want it to be possible to print each part separately, or all parts together in a single print. I'm envisioning a system where the parts fit snugly together, maybe requiring a little cleanup and glue for a secure fit after printing. I would want a single coin held and held securely, while remaining relatively easy to insert and remove. The design should include a cut out so that part of the coin is visible. The keyring mount should be secure as well.

Ideally, I would be able to choose between printing all three pieces separately, printing only the spring ring, printing only the two face plates, or printing everything together. Also, when assembled, the coin should be visible from both sides (or if not, it should be very easy to flip). I am using OpenSCAD for this.

Specifically, I'm thinking parameters like:

*   `CDia`: The coin diameter.
*   `CThick`: The coin thickness.
*   `PrintTol`: The printer tolerance for a snug fit, ideally a bit less than usual.
*   `MinPrintWidth`: The smallest clean (and strong) wall thickness.
*   `SpringFactor`: How "springy" the spring ring should be. This will influence the thickness of the spring ring.
*   `ClipHangOver`: How far past the center the coin holding part of the face plate should hang over the center of the coin to clip it in place.
*   `KeyRingDia`: The diameter of the keyring hole.
*   `ForPrinting`: A variable to choose between printing all parts at once (0, for assembly view), only the spring ring (2), only the face plates (3), or all three parts for individual print (1).

I don't think I need anything fancy like threads or gears for this, it should be a fairly simple design using basic shapes and boolean operations. I'm not using any libraries either, but the basic OpenSCAD libraries, like the `cylinder()` and `cube()`.

Let me know what you think, and if you need more details from me!

[Assistant]
LoonieHolder_-_RevB.scad:
```
// Choose 1 complete print, 2 for Spring, 3 for Clip, 0 to see assembeled
ForPrinting=0;
// Coin Diameter
CDia=26.48;
// Coin Thickness
CThick=1.92;
// Printer Tolerance, select a bit less than normal for a snap fit
PrintTol=0.2;
// Smallest clean (and Strong) wall2 or 3 times extrude width)
MinPrintWidth=1.2;
// How much sprinyness you want
SpringFactor=5;
// How far past center to hang over
ClipHangOver=6.5;
// Key Ring Size
KeyRingDia=5;
// Remaining variables are calculations
SpringThick=MinPrintWidth*SpringFactor;
SpringHeight=CThick;

$fn=120;

if (ForPrinting==1)
{
    translate([0,CDia+SpringThick+MinPrintWidth,CThick/2])rotate([0,0,-45])FacePlate();
    translate([0,-CDia-SpringThick-MinPrintWidth,CThick/2])rotate([0,0,-45])FacePlate();
    translate([0,0,CThick/2])color("blue")rotate([0,0,-45])SpringRing(PrintTol);
}
else if (ForPrinting==2)
{
    translate([0,0,CThick/2])color("blue")rotate([0,0,-45])SpringRing(PrintTol);
}
else if (ForPrinting==3)
{
    translate([0,0,CThick/2])rotate([0,0,-45])FacePlate();
}
else
{
    rotate([0,0,-45])translate([0,0,-CThick])FacePlate();
    rotate([180,0,45])translate([0,0,-CThick])color("green")FacePlate();
    color("blue")rotate([0,0,-45])SpringRing(PrintTol);
    color("red")DrawCoin();
}

module DrawCoin(){
    cylinder(d=CDia,h=CThick,center=true);
}

module SpringRing(Tol){
    difference(){
        union(){
            cylinder(d=CDia+SpringThick,h=CThick,center=true);
            translate([0,0,-CThick/2])cube([(CDia+SpringThick)/2,(CDia+SpringThick)/2,CThick]);
            translate([(CDia+SpringThick)/2,(CDia+SpringThick)/2,0])cylinder(d=KeyRingDia+MinPrintWidth*2+Tol*2+MinPrintWidth*2,h=CThick,center=true);
        }
        union(){
            cylinder(d=CDia,h=CThick*2,center=true);
            rotate([0,0,135])translate([-(CDia+SpringThick)/2,ClipHangOver,-CThick])cube([CDia+SpringThick,CDia+SpringThick,CThick*2]);
            translate([(CDia+SpringThick)/2,(CDia+SpringThick)/2,0])cylinder(d=KeyRingDia+MinPrintWidth*2+Tol*2,h=CThick*2,center=true);
        }
    }
}

module FacePlate(){
    difference(){
        union(){
            cylinder(d=CDia+SpringThick,h=CThick,center=true);
            translate([0,0,-CThick/2])cube([(CDia+SpringThick)/2+MinPrintWidth,(CDia+SpringThick)/2+MinPrintWidth,CThick]);
            //translate([(CDia+SpringThick)/2,(CDia+SpringThick)/2,CThick/4])cylinder(d=KeyRingDia+MinPrintWidth*6+PrintTol*4,h=CThick*1.5,center=true);
            translate([(CDia+SpringThick)/2,(CDia+SpringThick)/2,CThick/4])cylinder(d=KeyRingDia+MinPrintWidth*2+PrintTol*2+MinPrintWidth*2,h=CThick*1.5,center=true);

            difference(){
                translate([0,0,-CThick/2])cube([(CDia+SpringThick)/2+MinPrintWidth+PrintTol,(CDia+SpringThick)/2+MinPrintWidth+PrintTol,CThick*1.5]);
                translate([-MinPrintWidth,-MinPrintWidth,-CThick])cube([(CDia+SpringThick)/2+MinPrintWidth+PrintTol,(CDia+SpringThick)/2+MinPrintWidth+PrintTol,CThick*3]);
            }

        }
        union(){
            cylinder(d=CDia*.5,h=CThick*2,center=true);
            rotate([0,0,135])translate([-(CDia+SpringThick)/2,ClipHangOver+SpringThick*.5,-CThick])cube([CDia+SpringThick,CDia+SpringThick,CThick*2]);
            translate([(CDia+SpringThick)/2,(CDia+SpringThick)/2,0])cylinder(d=KeyRingDia,h=CThick*6,center=true);
            translate([0,0,CThick])SpringRing(0);
            translate([0,0,CThick])SpringRing(PrintTol*2);
            rotate([0,0,135])translate([-(CDia*.5)/2,0,-CThick])cube([CDia*.5,CDia*2,CThick*2]);
        }
    }
}

```


[User]
I'd like a parametric OpenSCAD design for a keyring that incorporates a shopping cart coin. The keyring should have a main body with rounded ends, one of which is a coin that can be used in shopping carts. The other end should have a hole for attaching the keys.

Here's a breakdown of the features I need:

*   **Coin:** A circular coin section at one end of the main body.
*   **Main Body:** A connecting body that joins the coin and the key ring loop. It should have rounded ends to make it comfortable to hold.
*   **Key Ring Loop:** A circular loop at the other end for attaching keys.
*   **Text:**  I need to be able to add a text line, either on the body or on the face of the coin itself depending on which of two modes is selected, either mode 1 where the text is on the body or mode 2 where the text is on the face of the coin.
*   **Parametric:** I want to control several dimensions via parameters including the width of the body, lengths of the main body sections, height of the overall object, radius of the rounded ends, and the radius of the keyring loop. I'll also want to control text size and scaling.
*   **Two Modes:** Two modes, where mode 1 puts the text on the main body, and mode 2 puts the text on the coin.

I'd like the design to use the standard OpenSCAD libraries for basic 3D shapes.  I'm thinking that a hull of cylinders is a good way to make the body and rounded ends.  Could you create the OpenSCAD file for this, including all the parameters?

[Assistant]
Key-Ring-Coin-1.scad:
```
width = 20;
length1 = 30; // Defaults to 30 for mode 1 and 20 for mode 2
length2 = length1 + 12;
height = 2;
text_height = 1;
radius = 2;
radius2 = 5;
radius_coin = 12;
line1 = "Line 1";
text_scale = 0.8; // Defaults to 0.8
text_scale_width = 0.6; // Defaults to 0.6
font="Liberation Sans:style=bold";
mode = 1; // 1 = add, 2 = sub

difference() {
    union()
    {
        // coin
        translate([-radius_coin,width / 2,0]) cylinder(height, radius_coin, radius_coin, $fn=50);
        // body
        hull() {
            translate([-radius_coin,width / 2,0]) cylinder(height, radius, radius, $fn=20);
            translate([radius,radius,0]) cylinder(height, radius, radius, $fn=20);
            translate([radius,width-radius,0]) cylinder(height, radius, radius, $fn=20);
            translate([length1-radius,radius,0]) cylinder(height, radius, radius, $fn=20);
            translate([length1-radius,width-radius,0]) cylinder(height, radius, radius, $fn=20);
            // outer cylinder for keyring
            translate([length2,width / 2,0]) cylinder(height, radius2, radius2, $fn=20);
        }
    }
    // Cut out hole for key ring
    translate([length2,width / 2,0]) cylinder(10, radius, radius, true, $fn=20);
    if(mode == 2) {
        // Text for mode 2
        translate([-radius_coin*1.2,width/2,1]) linear_extrude(height = height+1) {
            scale([text_scale_width, text_scale, text_scale]) text(line1, valign = "center", font=font);
        }
    }
}
if(mode == 1) {
    // Text for mode 1
    translate([5,width/2,height-0.1]) linear_extrude(height = text_height) {
        scale([text_scale_width, text_scale, text_scale]) text(line1, valign = "center", font=font);
    }
}
```


[User]
I'd like to create a customizable keyring that also functions as a shopping cart coin. The design should have a main body with a circular coin section on one end and a loop for a keyring on the other. I need to be able to customize several aspects of the design.

Here are the specifics:

*   **Overall Structure:** The main body should be a rounded rectangle shape, created using `hull()` and cylinders. The coin part should be a flat circle and be placed at the 'start' of the rectangle and the keyring loop at the 'end'.
*   **Dimensions:**
    *   `width`: The width of the main body.
    *   `length1`: The length of the rectangular part, excluding the keyring loop.
    *   `length2`: The total length including the keyring loop.
    *   `height`: The height/thickness of the whole piece.
    *   `radius`: Radius of the cylinders used for rounding corners of the rectangle.
    *    `radius2`: Radius of the cylinder used for the keyring loop.
    *   `radius_coin`: Radius of the coin portion.
*   **Text:** I need two lines of text on the keyring.
    *   `line1`: The text for the first line.
    *   `line2`: The text for the second line.
    *   `text_height`: Height of the text.
    *    `text_scale`: Scale for all text
    *    `text_scale_width`: Scale for text width

*   **Font:** I'd like to use "Liberation Sans:style=bold" for all the text.

*   **Mode:** There should be a mode variable (`mode`). When `mode = 1`, the text should be extruded on top of the main body. When `mode = 2`, the text should be subtracted out from the body.

I'd like this to be a single, parametric .scad file. I don't need any libraries.

[Assistant]
Key-Ring-Coin-2.scad:
```
width = 20;
length1 = 30; // Defaults to 30 for mode 1 and 20 for mode 2
length2 = length1 + 12;
height = 2;
text_height = 1;
radius = 2;
radius2 = 5;
radius_coin = 12; // Defaults to 12
line1 = "Line 1";
line2 = "Line 2";
text_scale = 0.6; // Defaults to 0.6
text_scale_width = 0.55; // Defaults to 0.6
font="Liberation Sans:style=bold";
mode = 1; // 1 = add, 2 = sub

difference() {
    union() {
        // coin
        translate([-radius_coin,width / 2,0]) cylinder(height, radius_coin, radius_coin, $fn=50);
        // body
        hull() {
            translate([-radius_coin,width / 2,0]) cylinder(height, radius, radius, $fn=20);
            translate([radius,radius,0]) cylinder(height, radius, radius, $fn=20);
            translate([radius,width-radius,0]) cylinder(height, radius, radius, $fn=20);
            translate([length1-radius,radius,0]) cylinder(height, radius, radius, $fn=20);
            translate([length1-radius,width-radius,0]) cylinder(height, radius, radius, $fn=20);
            // outer cylinder for keyring
            translate([length2,width / 2,0]) cylinder(height, radius2, radius2, $fn=20);
        }
    }
    // Cut out hole for key ring
    translate([length2,width / 2,0]) cylinder(10, radius, radius, true, $fn=20);
    if(mode == 2) {
        // Text for mode 2
        translate([-radius_coin*1.2,4*width/6,1]) linear_extrude(height = height+1) {
            scale([text_scale_width, text_scale, text_scale]) text(line1, valign = "center", font=font);
            translate([0,-(2*width/6),0]) scale([text_scale_width, text_scale, text_scale]) text(line2, valign = "center", font=font);
        }
        // optional coin radius as text
        //translate([length2-5, width / 2, 1]) scale(0.1) linear_extrude(height = height + 100) text(str(radius_coin), valign = "center", font=font);
    }
}
if(mode == 1) {
    // Text for mode 1
    translate([5,4*width/6,height-0.1]) linear_extrude(height = text_height) {
        scale([text_scale_width, text_scale, text_scale]) text(line1, valign = "center", font=font);
        translate([0,-(2*width/6),0]) scale([text_scale_width, text_scale, text_scale]) text(line2, valign = "center", font=font);
    }
}

```


[User]
Okay, so I need a cable holder, but none of the ones I've found online are quite right. I'm thinking something that mounts to the side of my dresser or nightstand with screws, and that has multiple slots for different charging cables. I'd like to be able to adjust the number of slots, the width of each slot, and the overall height and depth of the thing.

Each cable slot needs to have a way to hold the cable in place, maybe with a zip tie or a small bolt and nut through a hole. I don't want the cables to just slip out, like some of the designs I've seen.

Specifically, here's what I'm picturing:

*   **Mounting:** It should mount flush to the side of the furniture using screws. I'd like to be able to choose if those screw holes are countersunk for wood screws to sit flush. The screw hole size should be adjustable.
*   **Cable Slots:** There should be a base plate from which walls protrude, creating the cable slots.
    *   The number of slots should be configurable.
    *   The width of each slot needs to be configurable.
    *   The thickness of the walls separating the slots should be configurable.
    *   The depth of those walls, how far they stick out from the base plate, should be adjustable.
    *   The height of the walls should be adjustable.
*   **Cable Retention:** Each cable slot wall should have a small hole to thread a zip tie or bolt+nut through to secure the cable. This hole size should be adjustable. The hole should be located near the open edge of the wall to provide the desired cable-securing functionality.
*   **Aesthetics:** The edges of the walls should be rounded to be aesthetically pleasing. The radius of that rounding should be adjustable.
*   **Parameters:** All the dimensions should be parametric, i.e. adjustable by variables.
*   **Libraries**: I don't mind if you use any of the following libraries: MCAD, BOSL, BOSL2, dotSCAD, NopSCADlib, or BOLTS.

Can you generate the OpenSCAD code for this? I think I'd need a single .scad file to make it simple.

[Assistant]
cable_holder_for_dresser_side.scad:
```
$fn=32*1;

// Number of spots for cables
num_slots = 2; // [1:20]

// Gap for each cable (mm)
slot_width = 6;

// Thickness of walls separating cables (mm)
wall_thickness = 2;

// How far out the walls stick out from the base (mm)
wall_depth = 10;

// Height of the assembly (mm)
height = 10;

// Thickness of the back plate (mm)
back_thickness = 2;

// Diameter of the mounting holes in the back plate (mm). A value of 3mm is appropriate for #4 wood screws.
back_hole_dia = 3;

// Diameter of the holes in the walls for ziptie, bolt+nut, etc. (mm)
slot_hole_dia = 3;

// Radius of the rounding of the walls (mm)
wall_corner_radius=3;

// Countersink the holes for wood screws to sit flush?
back_wood_screws = 1; // [1:Yes, 0:No]

// For wood screws, how many times bigger is the head than the shaft?
wood_screw_head_ratio = 2;

difference() {
    translate([0,0,-back_thickness]) hull() {
        x0 = -wall_thickness/2-slot_width/2;
        x1 = num_slots*(slot_width+wall_thickness)+wall_thickness/2+slot_width/2;
        translate([x0,0]) cylinder(d=height, h=back_thickness);
        translate([x1,0]) cylinder(d=height, h=back_thickness);
    }
    for (s = [-1:num_slots-1+1]) {
        x = (slot_width+wall_thickness)*s+wall_thickness/2+slot_width/2;
        if (back_wood_screws) {
            translate([x,0,-back_thickness/2]) cylinder(d1=back_hole_dia, d2=back_hole_dia*wood_screw_head_ratio ,h=back_thickness+0.1,center=true);
        } else {
            translate([x,0,0]) cylinder(d=back_hole_dia ,h=20,center=true);
        }

    }
}

for (s = [0:num_slots]) {
    x = (slot_width+wall_thickness)*s;
    translate([x,0,0]) difference() {
        hull() {
            translate([-wall_thickness/2,-height/2]) cube([wall_thickness,height,0.1]);
            y = height/2-wall_corner_radius;
            z = wall_depth-wall_corner_radius;
            for (m = [0,1]) mirror([0,m])
                translate([0,y,z]) rotate([0,90]) cylinder(r=wall_corner_radius,h=wall_thickness,center=true);
        }
        translate([0,0,wall_depth-slot_hole_dia]) rotate([0,-90]) cylinder(d=slot_hole_dia,h=20,center=true);
    }
}

```


[User]
I'm looking to create a parametric connector for making structures out of BBQ skewers, and I'd like it to be designed in OpenSCAD. The basic idea is a cube with holes through each face to allow skewers to pass completely through the connector. I need a version where the skewers pass through with no stop within the connector itself.

Specifically, I'd like the following parameters to be customizable:

*   `skewer_radius`: The radius of the BBQ skewers (I'll be using standard ones, but this should still be a parameter)
*   `tolerance`: The clearance between the skewer and the hole in the connector.
*   `connector_length`: The length of the connector cube.
*   `connector_thickness`: The thickness of the connector cube. (I'm anticipating this might always equal `connector_length`, but it still should be a parameter)
*   `x_count`: The number of connectors in the x direction.
*  `y_count`: The number of connectors in the y direction.
* `x_spacing`: The space between the center of the connectors in the x direction.
* `y_spacing`: The space between the center of the connectors in the y direction.

The connector should be a cube shape with holes on each of the six faces that go all the way through. The holes should be sized based on the `skewer_radius` and `tolerance`.

I'd also like the final output to be a grid of these connectors, specified by `x_count`, `y_count`, `x_spacing`, and `y_spacing`. I would be okay with a single .scad file, and you can use the built-in OpenSCAD functions (I am not expecting you to use any libraries) for this.

Could you generate the OpenSCAD code for this?

[Assistant]
peg_connector_square.scad:
```
x_number=4;
y_number=2;

$fn=100;
rod_radius=1.5;
tolerance=0.25;

connector_length=15;
connector_thickness=6;

//difference()
//{
//    cube([connector_length, connector_thickness, connector_thickness], center=true);
//
//    translate([-connector_length,0, 0])
//        rotate([0,90,0])
//            cylinder(r=rod_radius+tolerance, h=connector_length*2);
//}
//
//rotate([0,0,90])
//difference()
//{
//    cube([connector_length, connector_thickness, connector_thickness], center=true);
//
//    translate([-connector_length,0, 0])
//        rotate([0,90,0])
//            cylinder(r=rod_radius+tolerance, h=connector_length*2);
//}

module peg()
{
 // difference()
{
    cube([connector_length, connector_thickness, connector_thickness], center=true);

    //translate([-connector_length,0, 0])
      //  rotate([0,90,0])
        //    cylinder(r=rod_radius+tolerance, h=connector_length*2);
}
}

module connector()
{
difference()
{
union()
    {
for (i=[0:3])
{
    rotate([0,0,i*90])
    translate([connector_length/2,0,0])
    //difference()
    {
    peg();
    //translate([-connector_length,0, 0])
        //rotate([0,90,0])
            //cylinder(r=rod_radius+tolerance, h=connector_length*2);
    }
}

translate([0,0,connector_length/2])
rotate([0,90,0])
peg();
}

for (i=[[0,90,0], [90,0,0], [0,0,0]])
{
    rotate(i)
translate([0,0,-connector_length*2])
cylinder(r=rod_radius+tolerance, h=connector_length*4);
}}}

//for (i=[0:x_number-1], j=[0:y_number -1])
//{
//    translate([connector_length*2.2*i, connector_length*2.2*j, 0])
//    connector();
//}

for(i=[0:3], j=[0:2])
{
    translate([0,connector_length*j*2.3,0])
    {
translate([connector_length*2.75*i,0,0])
    {
connector();
translate([connector_length+5, connector_thickness+5,0])
connector();
    }}
}
//// Diameter Test
//$fn=100;
//// Hole from 2mm to 4mm in increments of 0.2
//
//difference()
//{
//cube([115,6,20]);
//
//
//translate([5,3,-1])
//cylinder(r=1, h=25);
//
//    translate([15,3,-1])
//cylinder(r=1.1, h=25);
//
//    translate([25,3,-1])
//cylinder(r=1.2, h=25);
//
//    translate([35,3,-1])
//cylinder(r=1.3, h=25);
//
//    translate([45,3,-1])
//cylinder(r=1.4, h=25);
//
//
//    translate([55,3,-1])
//cylinder(r=1.5, h=25);
//
//
//    translate([65,3,-1])
//cylinder(r=1.6, h=25);
//
//
//translate([75,3,-1])
//cylinder(r=1.7, h=25);
//
//
//translate([85,3,-1])
//cylinder(r=1.8, h=25);
//
//translate([95,3,-1])
//cylinder(r=1.9, h=25);
//
//translate([105,3,-1])
//cylinder(r=2, h=25);
//
//}
```


[User]
Hi, I'm looking to get a parametric can base designed. I have a couple of cans I want to prevent from rusting, and I've seen some designs that snap onto the groove on the bottom.

Ideally, I'd like to be able to customize the following:

*   **`extra_size`**: This would be the amount of extra space added to the diameters, allowing for a tight fit on different cans and to account for printing tolerances. I need to make sure it can be adjusted.
*   **`thickness`**: This would be the overall thickness of the base, and it should be consistent for the bottom rim and the snap-on groove.
*   **`rim_h`**: This will be the height of the base, or the rim section.
*   **`can_dia`**: This will be the diameter of the main part of the can, just above the groove.
*   **`groove_dia`**: This would be the diameter of the groove itself on the bottom of the can.
*   **`groove_h`**: Finally, this will be the height of the snap-on groove section.

I'm also going to need these to be used as modules, so I can combine them in other designs if I want to.

The base should have two sections: a lower base that is essentially a cylinder with a hollowed-out section to accommodate the bottom of the can, and an upper base that forms the snap-on groove. The upper base will need a bit of padding to ensure a good print.

I would like it if it would use the `cylinder` primitive to form the shapes, and if the number of facets of these primitives could be controlled by `$fn`. The file also needs a small `pad` to ensure there aren't any issues printing it.

Could you create a parametric OpenSCAD file for me?

[Assistant]
can_base.scad:
```
// http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:1513164
// Customisable Can Base

// extra size for a tight fit
extra_size = 1.5;
 // general thickness
thickness = 1;
// Rim Height
rim_h = 3.10;
// Can Diameter
can_dia = 52.75;
// Groove Diameter
groove_dia = 51.0;
// Groove Height
groove_h = 1.25;

// smoothing
$fn = 64;
// padding for manifold (ignore)
pad = 0.001;

module lowerbase() {
    o_dia = can_dia + thickness*2 + extra_size;
    o_h = rim_h + thickness + extra_size/2;
    i_dia = can_dia + extra_size;
    i_h = rim_h+thickness*2+pad+ extra_size/2;

    difference() {
        cylinder(d=o_dia, h=o_h);
        translate([0,0,thickness]) cylinder(d=i_dia, h=i_h);
    }
}

module upperbase() {
    o_dia = can_dia + thickness*2 + extra_size;
    o_h = groove_h;
    i_dia = groove_dia + extra_size;
    i_h = groove_h+pad*2;

    difference() {
        cylinder(d=o_dia, h=o_h);
        translate([0,0,-pad]) cylinder(d=i_dia, h=i_h);
    }
}

lowerbase();
translate([0,0,rim_h + thickness]) upperbase();
```


[User]
I'd like to design a custom Schrader valve cap for my bicycle. I want to be able to print these with text on top indicating the recommended tire pressure. I've seen a few different designs, and I have an idea of what I want, but I'm not sure how to best model it myself.

Specifically, I'd like a cylindrical cap with a threaded interior that fits standard Schrader valves. I want to be able to specify the outer diameter and height of the cap, as well as the thread length. I'd also like to have a small clearance at the top of the thread so that the valve pin isn't pushed in when the cap is screwed on. I want to have some space for the valve pin, as well as some pin clearance. The cap needs to have grooves around the outside for better grip. Finally, I need the ability to add text on the top surface, which should be recessed slightly. It would be nice to be able to customize the text itself, the font size, font spacing, text offset.

Can you create a parametric OpenSCAD file that allows me to adjust all of these parameters, including things like the number of grip grooves, the groove length and depth, and the text. The design should be based on standard metric threads, using the thread library by D. Kirshner that I see mentioned here: http://dkprojects.net/openscad-threads/.

I'm not very familiar with OpenSCAD, so if you could include comments on the generated code it would be greatly appreciated. I understand this will be more than one file because the thread library is separate.

[Assistant]
schrader_valvecap.scad:
```
// Customizable Schrader valve cap dummy, http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:1513169
// Copyright 2016, filament_required, http://www.thingiverse.com/filament_required
// Licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Non-Commercial
//
// Disclaimer of Warranty.
//
// THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN
// OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM
// “AS IS” WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
// THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE
// PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
//
// Limitation of Liability.
//
// IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT
// HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE
// LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL
// DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO
// LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES
// OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR
// OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

text = "1,9";

font_size = 4.5;     // [3:0.5:6]
font_spacing = 1;    // [0.8:0.05:1]
text_offset_x = 0.0; // [0:0.1:1]
text_offset_y = 0.4; // [0:0.1:1]

// preview[view:south, tilt:top]

/* [Hidden] */
text_font = "Oswald";
textthickness = 1;
capheight = 10;
capdiameter = 10.5;
threadlength = capheight;
groovelength = 7;
groovediameter = 2.5;
groovedepth = 0.3;
smoothness = 60;

tt = 0.6; // thickness of pin clearance layer
ww = 4; // size of pin clearance

difference ()
{
  union()
  {
    // base cylinder
    cylinder( d=capdiameter, h=capheight, $fn=smoothness);

    // clearance for valve pin
    translate([0,0,threadlength])
    {
      difference()
      {
        cylinder(d=8.5,h=tt,$fn=smoothness);
        translate([-capdiameter/2,-ww/2,0]){cube([capdiameter,ww,tt]);}
      }
      difference()
      {
        cylinder(d=capdiameter,h=tt,$fn=smoothness);
        cylinder(d=8.5,h=tt,$fn=smoothness);
      }
      translate([0,0,tt])
      {
        difference()
        {
          cylinder(d=capdiameter,h=2*tt,$fn=smoothness);
          translate([-ww/2,-ww/2,0]){cube([ww,ww,tt]);}
        }
      }
    }

    // top text
    translate([0,0,threadlength+3*tt])
    {
      translate([-text_offset_x,-text_offset_y,0])
      {
        linear_extrude(height=textthickness)text( text, font=text_font, size=font_size, spacing=font_spacing, halign="center", valign="center");
      }
      difference()
      {
        cylinder( d=capdiameter, h=textthickness, $fn=smoothness);
        translate([0,0,0.1])
        {
          cylinder( d=capdiameter-1.6, h=textthickness+0.1, $fn=smoothness);
        }
      }
    }
  }

  // thread entrance
  translate([0,0,-0.1]){ cylinder( d=8.5, h=2+0.1,$fn=smoothness); };
  // thread
  metric_thread( diameter=8.4, pitch=25.4/32, length=threadlength, internal=true, n_starts=1 );
  //cylinder( d=8.4, h=threadlength,$fn=smoothness );

  // grooves on outside
  union()
  {
    for(i=[0:30:360])
    {
      rotate([0,0,i])
      {
        translate([(capdiameter+groovediameter)/2-groovedepth,0,(capheight+textthickness+3*tt-groovelength)/2])
        {
          union()
          {
            cylinder( d=groovediameter,h=groovelength,$fn=smoothness);
            translate([0,0,groovelength]){sphere(d=groovediameter,$fn=smoothness);};
            sphere(d=groovediameter,$fn=smoothness);
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

/*
 * ISO-standard metric threads, following this specification:
 *          http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_metric_screw_thread
 *
 * Dan Kirshner - dan_kirshner@yahoo.com
 *
 * You are welcome to make free use of this software.  Retention of my
 * authorship credit would be appreciated.
 *
 * Version 1.8.  2016-01-08  Option: (non-standard) angle.
 * Version 1.7.  2015-11-28  Larger x-increment - for small-diameters.
 * Version 1.6.  2015-09-01  Options: square threads, rectangular threads.
 * Version 1.5.  2015-06-12  Options: thread_size, groove.
 * Version 1.4.  2014-10-17  Use "faces" instead of "triangles" for polyhedron
 * Version 1.3.  2013-12-01  Correct loop over turns -- don't have early cut-off
 * Version 1.2.  2012-09-09  Use discrete polyhedra rather than linear_extrude ()
 * Version 1.1.  2012-09-07  Corrected to right-hand threads!
 */

// Examples.
//
// Standard M8 x 1.
// metric_thread (diameter=8, pitch=1, length=4);

// Square thread.
// metric_thread (diameter=8, pitch=1, length=4, square=true);

// Non-standard: long pitch, same thread size.
//metric_thread (diameter=8, pitch=4, length=4, thread_size=1, groove=true);

// Non-standard: 20 mm diameter, long pitch, square "trough" width 3 mm,
// depth 1 mm.
//metric_thread (diameter=20, pitch=8, length=16, square=true, thread_size=6,
//               groove=true, rectangle=0.333);

// English: 1/4 x 20.
//english_thread (diameter=1/4, threads_per_inch=20, length=1);

// Thread for mounting on Rohloff hub.
//difference () {
//   cylinder (r=20, h=10, $fn=100);
//
//   metric_thread (diameter=34, pitch=1, length=10, internal=true, n_starts=6);
//}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
function segments (diameter) = min (50, ceil (diameter*6));

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// internal -    true = clearances for internal thread (e.g., a nut).
//               false = clearances for external thread (e.g., a bolt).
//               (Internal threads should be "cut out" from a solid using
//               difference ()).
// n_starts -    Number of thread starts (e.g., DNA, a "double helix," has
//               n_starts=2).  See wikipedia Screw_thread.
// thread_size - (non-standard) size of a single thread "V" - independent of
//               pitch.  Default: same as pitch.
// groove      - (non-standard) subtract inverted "V" from cylinder (rather than
//               add protruding "V" to cylinder).
// square      - Square threads (per
//               https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Square_thread_form).
// rectangle   - (non-standard) "Rectangular" thread - ratio depth/width
//               Default: 1 (square).
// angle       - (non-standard) angle (deg) of thread side from perpendicular to
//               axis (default = standard = 30 degrees).
module metric_thread (diameter=8, pitch=1, length=1, internal=false, n_starts=1,
                      thread_size=-1, groove=false, square=false, rectangle=0,
                      angle=30)
{
   // thread_size: size of thread "V" different than travel per turn (pitch).
   // Default: same as pitch.
   local_thread_size = thread_size == -1 ? pitch : thread_size;
   local_rectangle = rectangle ? rectangle : 1;

   n_segments = segments (diameter);
   h = (square || rectangle) ? local_thread_size*local_rectangle/2 : local_thread_size * cos (angle);

   h_fac1 = (square || rectangle) ? 0.90 : 0.625;

   // External thread includes additional relief.
   h_fac2 = (square || rectangle) ? 0.95 : 5.3/8;

   if (! groove) {
      metric_thread_turns (diameter, pitch, length, internal, n_starts,
                           local_thread_size, groove, square, rectangle, angle);
   }

   difference () {

      // Solid center, including Dmin truncation.
      if (groove) {
         cylinder (r=diameter/2, h=length, $fn=n_segments);
      } else if (internal) {
         cylinder (r=diameter/2 - h*h_fac1, h=length, $fn=n_segments);
      } else {

         // External thread.
         cylinder (r=diameter/2 - h*h_fac2, h=length, $fn=n_segments);
      }

      if (groove) {
         metric_thread_turns (diameter, pitch, length, internal, n_starts,
                              local_thread_size, groove, square, rectangle,
                              angle);
      }
   }
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Input units in inches.
// Note: units of measure in drawing are mm!
module english_thread (diameter=0.25, threads_per_inch=20, length=1,
                      internal=false, n_starts=1, thread_size=-1, groove=false,
                      square=false, rectangle=0)
{
   // Convert to mm.
   mm_diameter = diameter*25.4;
   mm_pitch = (1.0/threads_per_inch)*25.4;
   mm_length = length*25.4;

   echo (str ("mm_diameter: ", mm_diameter));
   echo (str ("mm_pitch: ", mm_pitch));
   echo (str ("mm_length: ", mm_length));
   metric_thread (mm_diameter, mm_pitch, mm_length, internal, n_starts,
                  thread_size, groove, square, rectangle);
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
module metric_thread_turns (diameter, pitch, length, internal, n_starts,
                            thread_size, groove, square, rectangle, angle)
{
   // Number of turns needed.
   n_turns = floor (length/pitch);

   intersection () {

      // Start one below z = 0.  Gives an extra turn at each end.
      for (i=[-1*n_starts : n_turns+1]) {
         translate ([0, 0, i*pitch]) {
            metric_thread_turn (diameter, pitch, internal, n_starts,
                                thread_size, groove, square, rectangle, angle);
         }
      }

      // Cut to length.
      translate ([0, 0, length/2]) {
         cube ([diameter*3, diameter*3, length], center=true);
      }
   }
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
module metric_thread_turn (diameter, pitch, internal, n_starts, thread_size,
                           groove, square, rectangle, angle)
{
   n_segments = segments (diameter);
   fraction_circle = 1.0/n_segments;
   for (i=[0 : n_segments-1]) {
      rotate ([0, 0, i*360*fraction_circle]) {
         translate ([0, 0, i*n_starts*pitch*fraction_circle]) {
            thread_polyhedron (diameter/2, pitch, internal, n_starts,
                               thread_size, groove, square, rectangle, angle);
         }
      }
   }
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
// z (see diagram) as function of current radius.
// (Only good for first half-pitch.)
function z_fct (current_radius, radius, pitch, angle)
   = 0.5* (current_radius - (radius - 0.875*pitch*cos (angle)))
                                                       /cos (angle);

// ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
module thread_polyhedron (radius, pitch, internal, n_starts, thread_size,
                          groove, square, rectangle, angle)
{
   n_segments = segments (radius*2);
   fraction_circle = 1.0/n_segments;

   local_rectangle = rectangle ? rectangle : 1;

   h = (square || rectangle) ? thread_size*local_rectangle/2 : thread_size * cos (angle);
   outer_r = radius + (internal ? h/20 : 0); // Adds internal relief.
   //echo (str ("outer_r: ", outer_r));

   // A little extra on square thread -- make sure overlaps cylinder.
   h_fac1 = (square || rectangle) ? 1.1 : 0.875;
   inner_r = radius - h*h_fac1; // Does NOT do Dmin_truncation - do later with
                                // cylinder.

   translate_y = groove ? outer_r + inner_r : 0;
   reflect_x   = groove ? 1 : 0;

   // Make these just slightly bigger (keep in proportion) so polyhedra will
   // overlap.
   x_incr_outer = (! groove ? outer_r : inner_r) * fraction_circle * 2 * PI * 1.02;
   x_incr_inner = (! groove ? inner_r : outer_r) * fraction_circle * 2 * PI * 1.02;
   z_incr = n_starts * pitch * fraction_circle * 1.005;

   /*
    (angles x0 and x3 inner are actually 60 deg)

                          /\  (x2_inner, z2_inner) [2]
                         /  \
   (x3_inner, z3_inner) /    \
                  [3]   \     \
                        |\     \ (x2_outer, z2_outer) [6]
                        | \    /
                        |  \  /|
             z          |[7]\/ / (x1_outer, z1_outer) [5]
             |          |   | /
             |   x      |   |/
             |  /       |   / (x0_outer, z0_outer) [4]
             | /        |  /     (behind: (x1_inner, z1_inner) [1]
             |/         | /
    y________|          |/
   (r)                  / (x0_inner, z0_inner) [0]

   */

   x1_outer = outer_r * fraction_circle * 2 * PI;

   z0_outer = z_fct (outer_r, radius, thread_size, angle);
   //echo (str ("z0_outer: ", z0_outer));

   //polygon ([[inner_r, 0], [outer_r, z0_outer],
   //        [outer_r, 0.5*pitch], [inner_r, 0.5*pitch]]);
   z1_outer = z0_outer + z_incr;

   // Give internal square threads some clearance in the z direction, too.
   bottom = internal ? 0.235 : 0.25;
   top    = internal ? 0.765 : 0.75;

   translate ([0, translate_y, 0]) {
      mirror ([reflect_x, 0, 0]) {

         if (square || rectangle) {

            // Rule for face ordering: look at polyhedron from outside: points must
            // be in clockwise order.
            polyhedron (
               points = [
                         [-x_incr_inner/2, -inner_r, bottom*thread_size],         // [0]
                         [x_incr_inner/2, -inner_r, bottom*thread_size + z_incr], // [1]
                         [x_incr_inner/2, -inner_r, top*thread_size + z_incr],    // [2]
                         [-x_incr_inner/2, -inner_r, top*thread_size],            // [3]

                         [-x_incr_outer/2, -outer_r, bottom*thread_size],         // [4]
                         [x_incr_outer/2, -outer_r, bottom*thread_size + z_incr], // [5]
                         [x_incr_outer/2, -outer_r, top*thread_size + z_incr],    // [6]
                         [-x_incr_outer/2, -outer_r, top*thread_size]             // [7]
                        ],

               faces = [
                         [0, 3, 7, 4],  // This-side trapezoid

                         [1, 5, 6, 2],  // Back-side trapezoid

                         [0, 1, 2, 3],  // Inner rectangle

                         [4, 7, 6, 5],  // Outer rectangle

                         // These are not planar, so do with separate triangles.
                         [7, 2, 6],     // Upper rectangle, bottom
                         [7, 3, 2],     // Upper rectangle, top

                         [0, 5, 1],     // Lower rectangle, bottom
                         [0, 4, 5]      // Lower rectangle, top
                        ]
            );
         } else {

            // Rule for face ordering: look at polyhedron from outside: points must
            // be in clockwise order.
            polyhedron (
               points = [
                         [-x_incr_inner/2, -inner_r, 0],                        // [0]
                         [x_incr_inner/2, -inner_r, z_incr],                    // [1]
                         [x_incr_inner/2, -inner_r, thread_size + z_incr],      // [2]
                         [-x_incr_inner/2, -inner_r, thread_size],              // [3]

                         [-x_incr_outer/2, -outer_r, z0_outer],                 // [4]
                         [x_incr_outer/2, -outer_r, z0_outer + z_incr],         // [5]
                         [x_incr_outer/2, -outer_r, thread_size - z0_outer + z_incr], // [6]
                         [-x_incr_outer/2, -outer_r, thread_size - z0_outer]    // [7]
                        ],

               faces = [
                         [0, 3, 7, 4],  // This-side trapezoid

                         [1, 5, 6, 2],  // Back-side trapezoid

                         [0, 1, 2, 3],  // Inner rectangle

                         [4, 7, 6, 5],  // Outer rectangle

                         // These are not planar, so do with separate triangles.
                         [7, 2, 6],     // Upper rectangle, bottom
                         [7, 3, 2],     // Upper rectangle, top

                         [0, 5, 1],     // Lower rectangle, bottom
                         [0, 4, 5]      // Lower rectangle, top
                        ]
            );
         }
      }
   }
}

```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking for help designing a parametric soldering iron stand in OpenSCAD. I'd like the stand to have a base, a tall vertical back wall, a shorter vertical front wall, and two angled rests for the soldering iron itself. The rests should be different diameters, one to hold the iron near the hot end and one near the electrical cord.

I need the following parameters to be adjustable:

*   `lengthOverall`: The overall length of the stand.
*   `widthOverall`: The overall width of the stand.
*   `partThickness`: The thickness of all the structural elements.
*   `partAngle`: The angle of the soldering iron rests relative to the base. This should be between 0 and 90 degrees relative to the base, with the actual rotation of the object being based on the 180 - the angle entered.
*   `mainWallHeight`: The height of the tall back wall.
*  `secondWallScale`: The height of the front wall relative to the height of the back wall, expressed as a scale.  For example, if the `mainWallHeight` was 25 and the `secondWallScale` was 0.5, then the front wall would be 12.5.
*   `ironMajorDiameter`: The diameter of the larger iron rest for the hot end of the iron.
*   `ironMinorDiameter`: The diameter of the smaller iron rest for the cord end of the iron.

Could you create an OpenSCAD file for this? I don't need any special libraries or anything, just standard OpenSCAD functions. Thanks!

[Assistant]
SolderIronStand.scad:
```
lengthOverall = 50; //Overall length of part
widthOverall = 25; //Width of part
partThickness = 3; //Thickness
partAngle = 60; //Angles between 0 and 90 degrees
mainWallHeight = 25; //Height of main vertical wall
secondWallScale = 0.4; //Height of second vertical wall % of main wall
ironMajorDiameter = 20; //diameter of soldering iron grip near the hot end
ironMinorDiameter = 15; //diameter of soldering iron grip near electrical cord

module SolderStand(thickness,Width, Length,Height, smallWallScale, Angle,Diameter, minorDiameter){

    Angle = 180-Angle;
    echo(Angle);
    //Check to ensure a valid angle has been entered
    if ((Angle>=90) && (Angle <=180)){
    secondWallHeight = Height*smallWallScale;
    echo(secondWallHeight);
    union(){
    union(){
    union(){
    //Base of Stand
    cube(size=[Width,Length,thickness], center=true);
    //Tall Side Wall
    translate([0, Length*0.5,Height*0.5-thickness*0.5]){
        rotate([90,0,0]){
            cube(size=[Width,Height,thickness], center=true);
        }
    }
    }

    //Short Side Wall
    translate([0,-(Length*0.5),secondWallHeight*0.5-thickness*0.5]){
        rotate([90,0,0]){
        cube(size=[Width, secondWallHeight, thickness], center=true);
        }
    }
    }
    //Top Soldering Iron Rest
    translate([-Width*0.5,Length*0.5+thickness*0.5, Height-thickness*0.5]){
        rotate([Angle,0,0])
        {
        difference(){
        cube(size=[Width, Height*0.5, thickness]);
        translate([Width*0.5,Height*0.5,0]){
        cylinder(r=Diameter*0.5,h=thickness);
        }
        }
        }
    }
    //Bottom Soldering Iron Rest
    translate([-Width*0.5, -(Length*0.5)+thickness*0.5,secondWallHeight-thickness*0.5]){
        rotate([Angle,0,0]){
            difference(){
            cube(size=[Width, secondWallHeight, thickness]);

            translate([Width*0.5,secondWallHeight,0]){
            cylinder(r=minorDiameter*0.5,h=thickness);
            }
            }

        }
    }
    }
    }
    //Error message if valid angle not entered
    else
    {
        echo("Use valid angle");
        }
}

SolderStand(partThickness,widthOverall, lengthOverall, mainWallHeight, secondWallScale, partAngle, ironMajorDiameter, ironMinorDiameter, $fn=100);
```


[User] I'd like to create a parametric design for a soccer ball, which is technically a truncated icosahedron. I need an OpenSCAD file that can generate the model. The key parameters I'd like to control are the overall height of the soccer ball, and the spacing between the individual pentagons and hexagons that make up its surface. I'd like the file to handle the calculations necessary to correctly size and position all the polygons based on these parameters. I'd like the polygons to be extruded to give them some thickness and that thickness should scale along with the overall size. The pentagons should be black, and the hexagons should be white. Finally, the soccer ball should be centered at the origin if the user specifies it, otherwise, it should not be moved from its default position.

[Assistant]
soccer_polyhedron.scad:
```
height = 50;
spacing = 0.5;

// create a pentagon by length.
// Parameters:
//     length : the side length
//     spacing : the gap between a pentagon or a hexagon
module pentagon(length, spacing = 0.5) {
    r = 0.5 * length / sin(36);
	s = (r - spacing / 2) / r;

    color("black")
	    rotate(18)
		     linear_extrude(length, scale = 1.42215)
		        scale([s, s, s])
			        circle(0.5 * length / sin(36), $fn = 5);
}

// create a hexagon by length.
// Parameters:
//     length : the side length
//     spacing : the gap between a pentagon or a hexagon
module hexagon(length, spacing = 0.5) {
    r = 0.5 * length / sin(30);
	s = (r - spacing / 2) / r;

    color("white")
	     linear_extrude(length - length * 0.02125, scale = 1.42215)
		    scale([s, s, s])
		        circle(0.5 * length / sin(30), $fn = 6);
}

// a placeholder pentagon, one pentagon and two hexagons.
// Parameters:
//     length : the side length
//     spacing : the gap between the pentagon and hexagon
module pentagon_based_sub_comp(length, spacing = 0.5) {
	pentagon_circle_r = 0.5 * length / sin(36);

	a = 37.325;

	offset_y = 0.5 * length * tan(54) + pentagon_circle_r * cos(a);
	offset_z = 0.5 * length * tan(60) * sin(a);

	translate([0, -offset_y, -offset_z])
	    rotate([a, 0, 0])
		    hexagon_based_sub_comp(length, spacing);
}

// two hexagons and one pentagon.
// Parameters:
//     length : the side length
//     spacing : the gap between the pentagon and hexagon
module hexagon_based_sub_comp(length, spacing = 0.5) {
    hexagon(length, spacing);

	length_center_to_side = 0.5 * length * tan(54);

    a = -37.325;

	offset_y = 0.5 * length * (tan(54) * cos(a) + tan(60));
	offset_z = length_center_to_side * sin(a);

	rotate(120) translate([0, offset_y, offset_z])
	    rotate([a, 0, 0])
	        pentagon_hexagon(length, spacing);

}

// a pentagon and a hexagon.
// Parameters:
//     length : the side length
//     spacing : the gap between the pentagon and hexagon
module pentagon_hexagon(length, spacing = 0.5) {
	pentagon_circle_r = 0.5 * length / sin(36);

	pentagon(length, spacing);

	a = 37.325;

	offset_y = 0.5 * length * tan(54) + pentagon_circle_r * cos(a);
	offset_z = 0.5 * length * tan(60) * sin(a);

	rotate(144) translate([0, -offset_y, -offset_z])
	    rotate([a, 0, 0])
		    hexagon(length, spacing);
}

// a half of soccer polyhedron.
// Parameters:
//     line_length : the side length of pentagons and hexagons
//     spacing : the gap between the pentagon and hexagon
module half_soccer_polyhedron(line_length, spacing = 0.5) {
	pentagon_circle_r = 0.5 * line_length / sin(36);
	offset_y = pentagon_circle_r * cos(36);

	pentagon(line_length, spacing);

	for(i = [0:4]) {
		rotate(72 * i)
		    pentagon_based_sub_comp(line_length, spacing);
	}
}

// a soccer polyhedron.
// Parameters:
//     line_length : the side length of pentagons and hexagons
//     spacing : the gap between the pentagon and hexagon
//     center : center it or not
module soccer_polyhedron(height, spacing = 0.5, center = true) {
    line_length = height / 6.65;

	offset_for_center = center ? height / 2: 0;

	translate([0, 0, -offset_for_center]) union() {
		translate([0, 0, -line_length + line_length * 6.64875])
		    half_soccer_polyhedron(line_length, spacing);

		rotate(36) mirror([0, 0, 1]) translate([0, 0, -line_length])
		    half_soccer_polyhedron(line_length, spacing);
	}
}

soccer_polyhedron(height, spacing);

```


[User]
I'd like to design a parametric business card generator in OpenSCAD, preferably with dual extrusion support for the text and the card itself. It should be customizable via the customizer.

Here's what I'm looking for in terms of parameters and functionality:

**Card Dimensions & Shape:**

*   **`card_x`**: Width of the card (default 89mm, range 74-91mm).
*   **`card_y`**: Height of the card (default 51mm, range 50-55mm).
*   **`card_z`**: Depth/thickness of the card (default 1mm, range 0.4-2mm).
*   **`corner_radius`**: Corner radius for rounded corners (default 2mm).
*   **`border`**:  A border around the card that will be the second color; a value of 0 should disable the border. (default 0.8mm, range 0-2mm)

**Text - Front of Card:**

*   **`name`**:  Name of the card holder (string).
*   **`line_1`**: Optional text line 1 (string).
*  **`line_2`**:  Title of the cardholder(string).
*   **`line_3`**: Organization name (string).
*   **`line_4`**: Email address (string).
*   **`line_5`**: Office phone number (string).
*   **`line_6`**: Mobile phone number (string).
*   **`font_size_1`**: Font size for the `name` (default 6, range 4-10).
*   **`font_size_2`**: Font size for the other text lines (default 4, range 4-10).
*   **`text_z`**:  Depth of the text extrusion (default 0.4mm).
*   **`space`**:  Line spacing between text lines (default 1.5mm).
*  **`margin`**: Margin for text from card edges (default 5mm).
*   **`font_name`**: Dropdown selection for font (options: "Arial Rounded" and "Fredoka One", and should support the Thingiverse font names).

**Text - Back of Card:**

*   **`company`**: Company Name(string).
*   **`back_line_1`**: Address line 1 (string).
*   **`back_line_2`**:  Address line 2 (string).
*   **`back_line_3`**: Address line 3 (string).
*  **`back_line_4`**: Address line 4 (string).
*  **`back_line_5`**: Address line 5 (string).
*  **`back_line_6`**: Address line 6 (string).
*   **`back_justify`**:  Justification of the back text (dropdown: "left" or "center", default "center").

**Logo (Optional - can disable if needed):**

*   **`logo`**: Boolean to enable/disable logo (default: disabled).
*   **`logo_points`**:  A list of lists of 2D coordinates to define the logo paths. This would be a hidden field in the customizer.
*    **`logo_margin`**: Space between the logo and the card edges (default 5mm).
*   **`logo_size`**: Size of the logo (default 25mm).

**Dual Extrusion:**

*   **`part`**: Dropdown to choose which extruder is used for preview (options: "Extruder 0", "Extruder 1", "Both"). This is for preview purposes only and shouldn't actually affect the output G-code.
*   **`color0`**: Color name or hex value for extruder 0 (default "Blue").
*   **`color1`**: Color name or hex value for extruder 1 (default "White").

**Key Functionality Notes:**

*   The front text should be raised (extruded outwards) from the surface of the card.
*   The back text should be recessed into the card.
*   The border should be a different color than the card itself.
*  The `logo_points` will be manually added in the code, it's not something that should be editable in the customizer UI.
*  The logo should scale itself to fit the space while remaining proportional.

I think that covers all the functionality I'm looking for. Let me know if you have any questions, and please make sure that the code is clean and well-commented. I'd prefer that the code uses the `hull()` function for generating the rounded corners.

[Assistant]
biz_card.scad:
```
// preview[view:south, tilt:top]

// Choose an extruder to preview
part = -1; // [0:Extruder 0,1:Extruder 1,-1:Both]

name = "Your Name";
line_1 = "";
line_2 = "Title";
line_3 = "Organization";
line_4 = "your.email@company.com";
line_5 = "1 555 111 2222 : Office";
line_6 = "1 555 333 4444 : Cell";

// 0 to disable
border = .8; // [0:.2:2]

// Thingavers supported fonts: https://www.google.com/fonts

font_name = 1; // [0:Arial Rounded, 1:Fredoka One]]

font = font_name==0?"Arial Rounded MT Bold:style=Regular"
                   :"Fredoka One:style=Regular";

logo = 0; // [0:Disable,1:Enable]

/* [Back] */

company = "Company Name";
back_line_1 = "Address";
back_line_2 = "";
back_line_3 = "";
back_line_4 = "";
back_line_5 = "";
back_line_6 = "";

back_justify = 1; // [0:left,1:center]

/* [Card] */

// size of business cards:
//    http://designerstoolbox.com/designresources/businesscards/

// Width
card_x = 89; // [74:1:91]

// Height
card_y = 51; // [50:1:55]

// Depth
card_z = 1; // [.4:.2:2]

// Corner radius
corner_radius = 2;

/* [Text Style] */

// Name & Company
font_size_1 = 6; // [4:1:10]

// Lines 1 to 6
font_size_2 = 4; // [4:1:10]

// Depth
text_z = .4;

// Line spacing
space  = 1.5;

// Margin for text
margin = 5;

/* [Hidden] */

color0="Blue";
color1="White";

logo_margin = 5;
logo_size = 25;

// Company logo - format: [path1_points],[path2_points],...
logo_points =
[
  [ [-200,5],[200,5],[5,100] ],
  [ [-200,-5],[200,-5],[-5,-100] ]
];

size_x = max_x(logo_points) - min_x(logo_points);
size_y = max_y(logo_points) - min_y(logo_points);
size_scale = logo_size/max([size_x,size_y]);

function min_x(pts) = min([ for (x = pts) min([for (y = x) y[0] ]) ]);
function max_x(pts) = max([ for (x = pts) max([for (y = x) y[0] ]) ]);
function min_y(pts) = min([ for (x = pts) min([for (y = x) y[1] ]) ]);
function max_y(pts) = max([ for (x = pts) max([for (y = x) y[1] ]) ]);

module company_logo(logo)
{
  translate([card_x-logo_margin-(size_x*size_scale/2),
             card_y-logo_margin-(size_y*size_scale/2),
             card_z])
  scale([size_scale, -size_scale, 1])
  union()  {
    for (path = logo) linear_extrude(height=text_z) polygon(path);
  }
}

// can't use with customizer
/*
function sum_text(t,i,s=0) = (i==s ? t[i][1] : t[i][1] + sum_text(t,i-1,s));

module print_line_old(line,font_size)
  linear_extrude(text_z)
  text(str(line),font_size,font,halign="left", $fn=50);

module print_text_old(side=0,lines) // side: 0=front, 1=back
  rotate(side==0?0:180,[0,1,0])
  translate(side==0 ? [margin,card_y-margin,card_z]
                    : [margin-card_x,card_y-margin,-text_z])
  for(n=[0:len(lines)-1])
  translate([0,-(sum_text(lines,n,0)+n*space),0])
  print_line(lines[n][0],lines[n][1]);

front_text = [
    ["Your Name",6],
    ["",4],
    ["Title",4],
    ["Organization",4],
    ["your.email@company.com",4],
    ["1 555 111 2222 : Office",4],
    ["1 555 333 4444 : Cell",4],
];

back_text = [
    ["",20],
    ["Company",5],
    ["1234 Street Address",5],
    ["City, ST USA  12345",5],
];
*/

module print_line(line,font_size,side,line_num)
  rotate(side==0?0:180,[0,1,0])
  translate([(side==1&&back_justify==1?card_x/2:margin)-(side==0?0:card_x),
             card_y-margin-(font_size_1+(line_num*(font_size_2+space))),
             side==0?card_z:-text_z])
  linear_extrude(text_z)
  text(str(line),font_size,font,halign=(side==1&&back_justify==1?"center":"left"), $fn=50);

module print_text(side) {
   if(side==0) {
     print_line(name,font_size_1,side,0);
     print_line(line_1,font_size_2,side,1);
     print_line(line_2,font_size_2,side,2);
     print_line(line_3,font_size_2,side,3);
     print_line(line_4,font_size_2,side,4);
     print_line(line_5,font_size_2,side,5);
     print_line(line_6,font_size_2,side,6);
   } else {
     print_line(company,font_size_1,side,0);
     print_line(back_line_1,font_size_2,side,1);
     print_line(back_line_2,font_size_2,side,2);
     print_line(back_line_3,font_size_2,side,3);
     print_line(back_line_4,font_size_2,side,4);
     print_line(back_line_5,font_size_2,side,5);
     print_line(back_line_6,font_size_2,side,6);
   }
}

module card(size,radius,border_width) {
    scale_x = 1 - 2*(border_width/card_x);
    scale_y = 1 - 2*(border_width/card_y);
    translate([border_width,border_width,0])
    scale([scale_x,scale_y])
    linear_extrude(height=size.z)
    hull()
    {
      translate([radius,        radius,        0]) circle(r=radius,$fn=100);
      translate([size.x-radius, radius,        0]) circle(r=radius,$fn=100);
      translate([radius,        size.y-radius, 0]) circle(r=radius,$fn=100);
      translate([size.x-radius, size.y-radius, 0]) circle(r=radius,$fn=100);
    }
}

module draw_border(radius)
{
  if(border>0)
  difference() {
    translate([0,0,.01]) card([card_x,card_y,card_z-.02],radius,0);
    translate([0,0,-card_z/2]) scale([1,1,2]) card([card_x,card_y,card_z],radius,border);
  }
}

module draw_card(size, radius, b)
  difference()
  {
    card(size,radius,b);
    // cut out recessed text
    translate([0,0,-text_z]) scale([1,1,2]) print_text(1);
  }

module extrude(e)
  if (part==e||part==-1)
    color(e==0?color0:color1) children();

// Make it so!
extrude(1) draw_card([card_x,card_y,card_z],corner_radius,border);
extrude(0) draw_border(corner_radius);
extrude(0) print_text(0);
extrude(0) print_text(1);
// not sure how to use with customizer, so default disabled
if (logo==1) extrude(0) company_logo(logo_points);

```


[User]
Hi, I need help designing a parametric 3D printable mount for a UHF/SO-239 barrel connector. I'm using it to pass the connector through a metal trailer wall, and I want it to be isolated from the metal to reduce RF noise. Basically, it's a cylindrical sleeve with a hexagonal nut section in the middle that clamps down on the wall, all made out of plastic.

I've got an existing design, which I've included the code for, but it's very specific to my barrel and I'd like it to be more flexible, and also it only generates one file, I think. I think it would be better to separate the design into smaller modules, so I can swap them in and out later, or even use some parts of the design for other projects.

Here's what I have in mind, using the MCAD library since that's what my current code used:

1.  **A Basic Sleeve Module:**
    *   A cylinder with customizable outer diameter, inner diameter, and height.
    *   This would be the core part that goes through the wall, and the walls would isolate the connector from the metal of the trailer.
    *   I would like the module to include a parameter for the height of an optional "lip" or flange. This would let me add a feature that sits against the outside of the wall.

2.  **A Nut Module:**
    *   A hexagon extrusion with customizable diameter, height, and the number of sides.
    *   This would be used for the nut section that clamps against the inside of the wall.
    *   I would like the option to choose between a regular hexagon or a round cylinder.
    *   I'd like the nut to have the option to be tapered to improve fit on a less-than-perfect hole.

3.  **A Combined Mount Module:**
    *   This will bring the other modules together into a single mount for a barrel connector.
    *   It should take the sleeve parameters and the nut parameters, and the height of the wall that the mount is going into, as well as the option to add that lip / flange to the outside edge of the sleeve. It should place the sleeve and nut so that they are oriented correctly for insertion through the wall, taking the wall thickness into account.
    *   The combined module should allow an offset of the nut along the axis of the cylinder, so that the nut can be placed at varying points along the length of the sleeve.

Here are some specific requirements:
*   Use parameters for everything - nothing should be hardcoded in the final design.
*   Make sure that all the modules can be used independently.
*   I'd like to keep using the MCAD library as it's what I'm familiar with, but I'm open to using others if there's good reason.

I'm really hoping this can become a parametric design that's easy to tweak and use in different scenarios. I think it would be useful for other Ham radio folks who might have similar issues. Let me know if you have any questions!

[Assistant]
UHF_barrell_shank.scad:
```

$fa=3;
$fs=0.3;

mm = 1;
barrel_diameter = 16.1 * mm;
barrel_radius = barrel_diameter/2;
wall_width = 2;
nut_height = 4;
wall_height = 17;

include <MCAD/shapes.scad>

intersection() {
    difference() {
        union() {
            cylinder(wall_height, barrel_radius+wall_width, barrel_radius+wall_width);
            translate([0,0,nut_height/2])
                hexagon(barrel_diameter*1.5, nut_height);
        }
        translate([0,0,-0.5])
            cylinder(wall_height+1, barrel_diameter/2, barrel_diameter/2);
    }

}

```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to get some custom vise soft jaws designed for my bench vise. I've seen some designs that I really like, but they aren't quite parametric enough for me.

I need a pair of vise jaws that I can adjust the length, width, and thickness of. Additionally, I'd like the front face to have a knurled pattern for better grip. The knurl pattern should be adjustable too - I'd like to be able to change the angle, width, depth, and spacing of the knurls. It would also be great to include a V-groove for holding round stock, and have the size and position of that be adjustable too.

Finally, I would also like to be able to embed some magnets into the jaws to help them hold onto the vise itself. I would like to be able to choose between using circular or cubic magnets, and I need to be able to adjust the size and spacing of the magnets for either option.

I'm comfortable using OpenSCAD, so I would prefer that you design it in that format.  I'd also appreciate it if you can make the OpenSCAD file use a function for the vise jaw so I can easily mirror the function to create the opposing jaw. I'm not picky on units, but assume everything should be in millimeters.

I don't have any existing files, so I'm hoping you can generate all the necessary files. I don't need any specific libraries like MCAD, BOSL, BOSL2, etc. This should be able to be done with the standard OpenSCAD library. Thanks!

[Assistant]
viseSoftJaws.scad:
```
//vise dimensions
viseLength = 100;
//Jaw Width
jawWidth = 12.7;
//Jaw Depth
jawDepth = 25;
//Desired Part Thickness. Make sure part thickness is greater than magnet size
thickness = 6.35;
faceThickness = 6.35;

//knurl pattern settings
//Angle of knurling
knurlAngle = 45;
//Width of knurling
knurlWidth = 0.5;
//Knurling Depth
knurlDepth = 2;
//Spacing Between Knurls
knurlSpacing = 7;

//v groove size
vGrooveSize = 10;
//Set posotion of V-groove
//Use values between -0.5 and 0.5 groove position is based on overall jaw length
vGroovePosition = -0.4;

//Magnet Options
//Select 0 for square magnets
//Select 1 for cylindrical magnets;
magnetSelect = 0;
//Magnet Dimensions if cylindrical magnets are used
cylinderHeight = 1;
magnetDiameter = 5;
//Dimensions of magnets if cubic magnets are used
magnetSize = 5.1; //oversize magnet hole slightly to ensure close fit
//Spacing Between Magnets
magnetSpacing = 25;

module viseSoftJaws(length, width, thickness, angle, knurl_width, knurl_depth, knurl_spacing, magnet_size, magnet_spacing, v_groove_size){
    //cylinder(h=cylinderHeight, r=magnetDiameter*0.5);
    union(){
    difference(){
    //top that rests on top of vise jaws
    cube(size = [length, width, thickness], center=true);

    space = length*0.5 - magnet_spacing;

    //for loop for magnets
    for (i = [-space:magnet_spacing:space]){
        if (magnetSelect == 0){
        translate([i, 0, thickness-magnetSize])
        {

        cube(size = [magnet_size, magnet_size, magnet_size],center = true);
        }
        }

        if (magnetSelect == 1){
            translate([i,0, thickness*0.5-cylinderHeight]){

        cylinder(h = cylinderHeight, r=magnetDiameter*0.5);

        }
        }

    }
    }
    //Jaw side walls
    translate([0.5*(length+thickness), thickness*0.5, jawDepth*0.5-thickness*0.5]){
    cube(size = [thickness, thickness+width, jawDepth], center = true);
    }
    translate([-0.5*(length+thickness), thickness*0.5, jawDepth*0.5-thickness*0.5]){
    cube(size = [thickness, thickness+width, jawDepth], center = true);
    }
    }
    //jaws gripping face
    translate([0, 0.5*(width+thickness), thickness]){
    rotate([90,0,0]){
    difference(){
    difference(){
        //jaw gripping face
        translate([0,jawDepth*0.5-thickness*1.5,0]){
        cube(size = [length, jawDepth, faceThickness], center=true);
        }
        //for loop to create gripping knurl pattern
        for (a = [-viseLength:knurl_spacing:viseLength]){

            translate([0,a,-3]){
                rotate([0, 0,knurlAngle]){
                    cube(size = [1000, knurl_width, knurl_depth], center = true);
                    }
                 rotate([0,0,-knurlAngle]){
                    cube(size = [1000, knurl_width, knurl_depth], center = true);
                }
                }

            }

    }
    //v groove for holding round stock
    translate([-length*vGroovePosition,0,-v_groove_size*0.5]){
        rotate([0,45,0]){
            cube(size = [v_groove_size, 2*jawDepth, v_groove_size], center = true);
        }
        }
    }
    }
    }

}

viseSoftJaws(viseLength, jawWidth, thickness, knurlAngle, knurlWidth, knurlDepth, knurlSpacing, magnetSize, magnetSpacing, vGrooveSize, $fn = 100);
//create 2nd Vise Jaw by mirroring original part
translate([0,viseLength*0.5, 0]){
mirror([0,1,0]){

    viseSoftJaws(viseLength, jawWidth, thickness, knurlAngle, knurlWidth, knurlDepth, knurlSpacing, magnetSize, magnetSpacing, vGrooveSize, $fn = 100);

}
}
```


[User]
I'd like to design a rotatable bowden extruder using an old hard disk bearing as a base. I've seen some examples of this working well, and I think it'd be a good project. I want to be able to customize the dimensions, and I'm thinking we can create two main parts - a base that incorporates the hard drive bearing and a top part that mounts to the stepper motor.

The bearing base should have a central hole for the bearing to fit, as well as screw holes to secure it. The motor base should have a corresponding central hole that interfaces with the bearing, as well as mounting points for the motor and screws for attaching the two pieces.

I'd like the following parameters for the design, and I need to be able to change these values.

For the motor base:
*   `motor_base_size_x`: The width of the motor base.
*   `motor_base_size_y`: The length of the motor base.
*   `motor_base_size_z`: The height of the motor base.
*   `bearing_top_central_hole_diameter`: The diameter of the central hole for the bearing.
*   `bearing_top_screw_head_diameter`: The diameter of the screw head recess on the top.
*   `bearing_top_screw_hole_diameter`: The diameter of the screw holes that go all the way through the top.
*   `bearing_top_screw_height`: The height of the countersunk area for the screw.
*   `bearing_top_screw_hole_position`: The distance from the center of the top bearing to the screw holes.
*   `motor_width`: The width of the stepper motor being attached
*    `motor_holder_diameter`: The diameter of the holes for the motor mount.

For the bearing base:
*   `bearing_base_size_x`: The width of the bearing base.
*   `bearing_base_size_y`: The length of the bearing base.
*   `bearing_base_size_z`: The height of the bearing base.
*   `base_central_hole_diameter`: The diameter of the central hole in the bearing base.
*    `base_screw_diameter`: The diameter of the screw holes in the bearing base.
*   `base_screw_position`: The distance from the center of the base to the screw holes.

I'd also like to use a rounded edge on the bases with a radius, perhaps, of 3 mm.

Finally, could you provide a module to select between the motor base, the bearing base, or both? Something like `part = "both"`, with the options `top`, `bottom`, and `both`.

I think that should be everything. I'd prefer it if you didn't rely on any external libraries, though it's not a strict requirement.

[Assistant]
rotatable-bowden-extruder.scad:
```
// Customizable Rotable Bowden Extruder
// preview[view:south, tilt:top];

// Which one would you like to see?
part = "both"; // [top:Motor Base,bottom:Bearing Base,both:Motor and Bearing Base]

/* [Motor Base] */

//Motor base width
motor_base_size_x = 60;

//Motor base length
motor_base_size_y = 30;

//Motor base height
motor_base_size_z = 2.5;

//
bearing_top_central_hole_diameter =  12;

//
bearing_top_screw_head_diameter = 4.5;

//
bearing_top_screw_hole_diameter = 3.4;

//
bearing_top_screw_height = 4.5;

//distant between bearing top screw hole and the central
bearing_top_screw_hole_position = 9.2;

//motor width
motor_width = 42;

//
motor_holder_diameter = 4;

/* [Bearing Base] */

//Hard Disk bearing base width (mm)
bearing_base_size_x = 50;

//Hard Disk bearing base length
bearing_base_size_y = 50;

//Hard Disk bearing base height
bearing_base_size_z = 2.5;

//Central hole diameter
base_central_hole_diameter = 4.95;

//Base screw diameter
base_screw_diameter = 4;

//The distant between the screw and the central
base_screw_position = 20;

/* [Hidden] */
bearing_top_screw_head_hole_height = motor_base_size_z -bearing_top_screw_height/2;

module rounded(size, r) {
    //2 cube + 4 cylinder
    union() {
        translate([r, 0, 0]) cube([size[0]-2*r, size[1], size[2]]);
        translate([0, r, 0]) cube([size[0], size[1]-2*r, size[2]]);
        translate([r, r, 0]) cylinder(h=size[2], r=r);
        translate([size[0]-r, r, 0]) cylinder(h=size[2], r=r);
        translate([r, size[1]-r, 0]) cylinder(h=size[2], r=r);
        translate([size[0]-r, size[1]-r, 0]) cylinder(h=size[2], r=r);
    }
}

//bearing base
module bearingBase() {
    difference() {
        union() {
            //bearing base
            rounded([bearing_base_size_x, bearing_base_size_y, bearing_base_size_z], 3);
            //bearing central
            translate ([bearing_base_size_x/2,bearing_base_size_y/2,0]) {
                cylinder(h=(bearing_base_size_z+2.5), d=(base_central_hole_diameter+6),center=false, $fn=36);
            }
        }
        //bearing central hole
        translate ([bearing_base_size_x/2,bearing_base_size_y/2,-0.2]) {
            cylinder(h=bearing_base_size_z+2.5+1, d=base_central_hole_diameter, center=false, $fn=36);
        }

        //screw hole up
        translate ([bearing_base_size_x/2,bearing_base_size_y/2+base_screw_position,-0.2]) {
            cylinder(h=bearing_base_size_z+1, d=base_screw_diameter, center=false, $fn=36);
        }

        //screw hole down
        translate ([bearing_base_size_x/2,bearing_base_size_y/2-base_screw_position,-0.2]) {
            cylinder(h=bearing_base_size_z+1, d=base_screw_diameter, center=false, $fn=36);
        }

        //screw hole right
        translate ([bearing_base_size_x/2+base_screw_position,bearing_base_size_y/2, -0.2]) {
            cylinder(h=bearing_base_size_z+1, d=base_screw_diameter, center=false, $fn=36);
        }

        //screw hole left
        translate ([bearing_base_size_x/2-base_screw_position,bearing_base_size_y/2, -0.2]) {
            cylinder(h=bearing_base_size_z+10+1, d=base_screw_diameter, center=false, $fn=36);
        }
    }
}

//motor base
module motorBase () {
    difference() {
        //base
        rounded([motor_base_size_x, motor_base_size_y, motor_base_size_z], 3);
        //bearing top central hole
        translate ([motor_base_size_x/2,motor_base_size_y/2,-0.2]) {
            cylinder(h=motor_base_size_z+1, d=bearing_top_central_hole_diameter,center=false, $fn=36);
        }

        //bearing screw hole (right)
        translate ([motor_base_size_x/2+bearing_top_screw_hole_position,motor_base_size_y/2,-0.2]) {
            union () {
                cylinder(h=motor_base_size_z+1, d=bearing_top_screw_hole_diameter,center=false, $fn=36);
                translate ([0,0,bearing_top_screw_height/2]) {
                    cylinder(h=bearing_top_screw_head_hole_height+1, d=bearing_top_screw_head_diameter,center=false, $fn=36);
                }
            }
        }
        //bearing screw hole (left)
        translate ([motor_base_size_x/2-bearing_top_screw_hole_position,motor_base_size_y/2,-0.2]) {
            union () {
                cylinder(h=motor_base_size_z+1, d=bearing_top_screw_hole_diameter,center=false, $fn=36);
                translate ([0,0,bearing_top_screw_height/2]) {
                    cylinder(h=bearing_top_screw_head_hole_height+1, d=bearing_top_screw_head_diameter,center=false, $fn=36);
                }
            }
        }

        //motor holder hole (right)
        translate ([motor_base_size_x/2+motor_width/2+motor_holder_diameter/2,motor_base_size_y/2,-0.2]) {
        cylinder(h=motor_base_size_z+1, d=motor_holder_diameter,center=false, $fn=36);
        }
        //motor holder hole (left)
        translate ([motor_base_size_x/2-motor_width/2-motor_holder_diameter/2,motor_base_size_y/2,-0.2]) {
        cylinder(h=motor_base_size_z+1, d=motor_holder_diameter,center=false, $fn=36);
        }
    }

}

module both() {
    bearingBase();
    translate ([0,bearing_base_size_y+5, 0]) {
        motorBase();
    }
}

module print_part() {
	if (part == "top") {
		motorBase();
	} else if (part == "bottom") {
		bearingBase();
	} else if (part == "both") {
		both();
	} else {
		both();
	}
}

print_part();

```


[User]
I need an OpenSCAD design for a spur gear. I want it to be parametric so I can easily change the dimensions. Here are the basic parameters I need:

*   **Number of teeth:** This should be an integer value for how many teeth the gear has.
*   **Gear diameter:** The overall diameter of the gear.
*   **Hole diameter:** The diameter of the hole in the center of the gear.
*   **Gear height:** The thickness of the gear.
*   **Tooth width:** How wide each tooth is.
*   **Tooth length:** How far each tooth extends from the gear.

The gear should be a cylinder with the specified diameter and height, with a cylindrical hole in the center. Then I need to add the teeth. Each tooth should be roughly rectangular, extending out from the main gear body, using the provided width and length. I would like to use the hull() function to create the tooth outline to have rounded edges, and use a cylinder for the tooth end.

I'm looking for a single .scad file that defines this parametric gear. No libraries are needed for this.

[Assistant]
engranaje.scad:
```
n_teeth=44;
d_gear=40;
d_hole=22;
h_gear=8.5;
w_teeth=2;
l_teeth=2;

difference(){
    cylinder(d=d_gear,h=h_gear,$fn=100);
    translate([0,0,-1]) cylinder(d=d_hole,h=h_gear+2,$fn=100);

    }

    for(i=[0:n_teeth-1]){
        rotate([0,0,i*(360/n_teeth)]) translate([d_gear/2,0,0]) hull(){
            translate([l_teeth,0,0]) cylinder(d=0.5,h=h_gear,$fn=100);
            translate([-0.1,-w_teeth/2,0]) cube([0.1,w_teeth,h_gear]);

        }
    }
```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to create a customizable divider for my parts bins. I'd like to be able to specify the interior width, depth, and height of my bin, and then choose how many partitions I want – either 2, 3, or 4. The dividers should have an optional wedge-shaped mating portion at the top to help keep them aligned and more secure, and optional anchor points at the bottom for a bit of extra hold (that can easily be peeled off). The design should account for the wall thickness of the dividers as well as the diameter of the mating portion. I'd like to control these parameters too.

Specifically, I need the following:
*   **binWidth:** Interior width of the parts bin
*   **binDepth:** Interior length of the parts bin
*   **binHeight:** Interior height of the parts bin
*   **partitions:** Number of partitions (2, 3, or 4)
*   **wedgeHeight:** Height of the wedge mating portion (0 for none)
*   **wedgeDiameter:** Diameter of the wedge mating portion
*   **wallThickness:** Thickness of the divider walls (should be a whole multiple of the extrusion width)
*   **anchorThickness:** Thickness of the optional anchor points (0 for none, recommended to be twice the layer thickness)

The main divider should go from front to back. If we are using 3 or 4 dividers, then the interior dividers should angled.

Could you generate the necessary OpenSCAD files for this? Please note that I don't need any external libraries.

[Assistant]
PartsBinDivider.scad:
```
// Interior width of the parts bin
binWidth = 49;

// Interior length of the parts bin
binDepth = 130;

// Interior height of the parts bin
binHeight = 30;

// How many partitions?
partitions = 4; // [2, 3, 4]

// Height of the mating portion, 0 for none
wedgeHeight = 18;

// Diameter of the 1/2 circle mating portion
wedgeDiameter = 4;

// Should be a whole multiple of extrusion width
wallThickness = 2.1;

// Twice the layer thickness is recommended, 0 for none
anchorThickness = 0.4;

wall (binWidth, wallThickness, binHeight);
translate ([(binWidth) / 2, 0, 0])
	anchor (wedgeDiameter, wedgeHeight);
rotate([0, 0, 180])
	translate ([(binWidth) / 2, 0, 0])
		anchor (wedgeDiameter, wedgeHeight);

offset = wedgeDiameter * .66;
remainingWidth = binWidth - offset;
partialLength =  sqrt (pow ((binDepth/2), 2) + pow (remainingWidth, 2));
partialAngle = asin (binDepth/2/partialLength);

if (partitions > 2)
{
    translate ([offset, binDepth / 4, 0])
        rotate ([0, 0, partialAngle])
            wall (partialLength, wallThickness, binHeight, true, false);

    if (partitions == 4)
    {
        translate ([-offset, -binDepth / 4, 0])
            rotate ([0, 0, partialAngle])
                wall (partialLength, wallThickness, binHeight, false, true);
    }
}

module wall (length, thickness, height, leftAnchor=true, rightAnchor=true)
{
	union ()
	{
		translate([-(length/2 - thickness/2), -thickness/2, 0])
			cube([length - thickness, thickness, height]);

		for (x=[-1,1])
		{
			translate([x*((length - thickness)/2), 0, 0])
				cylinder(r=thickness/2, h=height, $fn=20);
		}

		// Integral bed anchors
		if (leftAnchor)
			translate([length/2, 0, 0])
				cylinder(r=thickness*3, h=anchorThickness, $fn=20);
		if (rightAnchor)
			translate([-length/2, 0, 0])
				cylinder(r=thickness*3, h=anchorThickness, $fn=20);
	}
}

module anchor (width, height)
{
	difference ()
	{
		cylinder(r=(width / 2), h=height, $fn=20);
		translate([0, -width / 2 -1, -1])
			cube([width, width + 2, height + 2]);
	}
}

```


[User]
I'm trying to get a better handle on some OpenSCAD basics. I've been playing around a little bit, and I'm not sure how to make a circle with a variable number of sides.

I've got this file:

```
sides =1;
circle(5);
$fn = sides;
```

It seems like it should make a circle with one side, but of course it doesn't, because `$fn` needs to be set *before* the `circle()` command.  It just makes a regular circle, ignoring the `$fn` assignment.

Could you write a parametric OpenSCAD file (or files) that can generate a polygon with a variable number of sides? The user should be able to set the number of sides using a variable named `sides` and the radius using a variable named `radius`. Thanks!

[Assistant]
openscad_test.scad:
```
sides =1;
circle(5);
$fn = sides;
```