[User]
Okay, I'm looking to generate some customizable Lego-compatible bricks, plates, and tiles. I've got a pretty good idea of what I need, but I'd like some help with the OpenSCAD code.

Here are the core requirements for the bricks:

*   **Parametric Dimensions:** The bricks need to be parametric, allowing me to specify the length and width in terms of stud units. I should be able to create 1x2, 2x2, 2x4, 1x6, etc. bricks.
*   **Brick Types:** I need to be able to specify if I want a standard brick, a plate, or a base.  Plates should be 1/3 the height of a standard brick (or as close to that as I can get). Bases should be like plates but completely flat on the bottom, although I understand this might not be supported yet.
*   **Surface Types:** I need to be able to create bricks with normal studs, or "tile" versions with no studs on top.

Now for the more complex stuff about printing:

*   **Wall Thickness Adjustment:** I need a parameter to adjust the wall thickness of the brick. This adjustment should be subtracted from both sides of the wall. This affects the internal dimensions, so it's important for creating tight-fitting bricks. The default for this should be 0.1mm.
*   **Gap Factor:** I need another parameter for adjusting the gap *between* the bricks. This is different than the wall thickness, and will reduce the length of walls on both sides, but not the thickness of the wall. This will be a negative number, and my default is -0.1mm.
*   **Height Adjustment:** I need a parameter to adjust the *overall* height of the brick and studs. This adjustment needs to be divided by three when rendering a plate/base. The default for a full-height brick should be 0.0, but for a plate it may be necessary to reduce the height.
*   **Stud Height Adjustment:** A separate parameter to adjust the height of the *studs*.  The default value should be 0.1mm.
*   **Stud Radius Adjustment:** A parameter to adjust the radius of the studs, which should be negative by default at -0.04mm.
*   **Support Post Radius Adjustment:** I want to be able to adjust the radius of the support posts on the bottom of the brick, with a default of 0.022. I only need to adjust these on 2xN bricks.
*   **Nozzle Size:** It is helpful to have a nozzle size parameter (e.g. 0.4mm) so that generated support lines are not smaller than a given printer head can effectively print.

Finally, here are the technical details:

*   **Lego Unit:** The standard Lego unit (LU) is 1.6mm.
*   **Play Factor:** The standard Lego "play factor" (PF) is 0.1mm
*  **Stud Span:** The standard stud span is 5*LU (5 * 1.6mm).
*   **Stud Height:**  The stud height should be 1.7mm.  This is 1.6mm (1 LU) + 0.1 (1 PF), which is excluding the emboss on an actual Lego.
*   **Stud Radius:** The radius of the stud should be 1.5 * LU before adjustment.
*   **Wall Thickness:** The wall thickness should be 1 LU, with adjustments applied.

I'd like the code to include modules to help keep things organized, specifically:
*   `LEGO_BLOCK(le, wi, he, t)`: This creates the main body of the brick.
*   `LEGO_STUDS(studs_x, studs_y, xy_offset_to_first_stud, z_offset, radius_adjustment, height_adjustment)`: This creates the top studs of the brick.
*   `LEGO_RIDGES(studs_x, studs_y, ridge_width, ridge_depth, ridge_height, wall_thickness_offset, xy_offset_to_first_stud, offset_to_far_x_wall, offset_to_far_y_wall)`: This creates the ridges on the underside of the brick.
*   `LEGO_POSTS(studs_x, studs_y, post_height, wall_thickness_offset, xy_offset_to_first_stud, minimum_thickness, support_post_radius_adjustment)`: This creates the support posts on the underside of the brick.
*   `LEGO_FULL(studs_long, studs_wide, brick_type, surface_type, wall_adjustment, gap_factor, stud_height_adjustment, stud_radius_adjustment, support_post_radius_adjustment, use_ridges_with_plates)`: This pulls the whole piece together into a complete brick, which will be the most commonly used module.
*   `LEGO_STANDARD(studs_long, studs_wide, brick_type, surface_treatment)`: This is a convenience module that uses default values.
*   `LEGO_PRINTING_DEFAULTS(studs_long, studs_wide, brick_type, surface_treatment)`: Another convenience module that applies all adjustments.

The final piece of the puzzle should use the `LEGO_PRINTING_DEFAULTS` module to create the final brick.

I think that covers everything. Let me know if you need anything else, and thank you! I'm not looking for any specific libraries, but I am looking for _parametric_ code.

[Assistant]
create_brick.scad:
```
//Number of studs long
length = 4;

//Number of studs wide
width = 2;

//Nozzle Size
// Used to avoid generating support lines too skinny to print well. If you want exact lines, lie and set this to something small like .1mm.
nozzle_size = 0.4;

// This adjustment will be removed from the thickness of the wall on *both sides* and does impact the overall size of the resulting brick.
wall_adjustment = 0.1;

//Additional spacing factor between individual pieces. This adjustment will reduce the length of walls on *both sides*, but not the thickness of the wall.
gap_factor = -0.1;

//Amount to remove from brick height. Divided by three for plates/bases. Typically full-height bricks are already okay, but plates may need a height reduction.
height_adjustment = 0;

//Amount to remove from the height of studs
stud_height_adjustment = 0.1;

//Amount to remove from the radius of studs
stud_radius_adjustment = -0.04;

//Amount to remove from the radius of the supports posts. Only used on 2xN pieces. Default is one quarter of the standard play factor
support_post_radius_adjustment = 0.022;

//Full-height brick vs plate vs base. A base is a plate with a completely flat bottom. Base is NOT SUPPORTED yet. You will end up with a plate.
block_type = "brick"; // [brick:Brick, plate:Plate, base:Base]

//Normal has studs, tiles do not
surface_type = "normal"; // [normal:Normal, tile:Tile]

/* No need to modify anything else */

/* [Hidden] */

lego_unit = 1.6; // standard lego unit
LU = lego_unit; //short-hand

play_factor = 0.1; // standard lego play factor
PF = play_factor; //short-hand

unit_span = 5*LU;
SU = unit_span; //short-hand (stands for: Stud Unit)

module LEGO_BLOCK(le, wi, he, t)
{
    difference() {
        cube([le, wi, he], 0);
        translate([t, t, -0.1])
        {
            cube([le - t*2, wi-t*2, (he-t)+0.1], 0);
        }
    }
}

module LEGO_STUDS(studs_x, studs_y, xy_offset_to_first_stud, z_offset, radius_adjustment, height_adjustment)
{
    /* STUD HEIGHT:
     There is confusion over this. Different sources I looked at claim
     different things about the height of a stud.
     Some people say 1.8, some say 1.7, and some say 1.6 (one lego unit).

     I believe actual lego studs are 1.8, *but this includes the "lego" emboss.*
     Put another way, studs are:
      * One standart Lego Unit (1.6 mm)
      * Plus one standard Play Factor (0.1 mm)
      * Plus the emboss height (0.1 mm)
     Therefore the actual total is 1.8 mm. This interpretation makes sense,
     because it explains why we have this confusion.

     When we apply this to 3D printing, though,
      a more practical default printing height ignores the emboss.
     Therefore, I'll use 1.7 mm.
    */

    base_stud_height = LU + PF;
    stud_height = base_stud_height - height_adjustment;

    stud_rad = (1.5*LU) - radius_adjustment;
    xy_init = xy_offset_to_first_stud;

    for(y=[0:studs_y-1])
    {
        for(x=[0:studs_x-1])
        {
            translate([xy_init+(x*SU),xy_init+(y*SU),z_offset])
            {
                cylinder(stud_height,stud_rad, stud_rad, $fn=40);
            };
        }
    }
}

module LEGO_RIDGES(studs_x, studs_y, ridge_width, ridge_depth, ridge_height, wall_thickness_offset, xy_offset_to_first_stud, offset_to_far_x_wall, offset_to_far_y_wall)
{
    xy_init = xy_offset_to_first_stud;
    WO = wall_thickness_offset;

    x_offset=offset_to_far_x_wall;
    y_offset=offset_to_far_y_wall;

    //long edge
    for(x=[0:studs_x-1])
    {
        translate([xy_init+(x*SU)-(ridge_width/2), WO, 0])
        {
            cube([ridge_width, ridge_depth, ridge_height],0);
        }
        translate([xy_init+(x*SU)-(ridge_width/2), y_offset - ridge_depth, 0])
        {
            cube([ridge_width, ridge_depth, ridge_height],0);
        }
    }

    //short edge
    for(y=[0:studs_y-1])
    {
        //near side
        translate([WO,xy_init+(y*SU)-(ridge_width/2), 0])
        {
            cube([ridge_depth, ridge_width, ridge_height],0);
        }
        //far side
        translate([x_offset - ridge_depth, xy_init + (y * SU)-(ridge_width / 2),0])
        {
            cube([ridge_depth, ridge_width, ridge_height],0);
        }
    }
}

module LEGO_POSTS(studs_x, studs_y, post_height, wall_thickness_offset, xy_offset_to_first_stud, minimum_thickness, support_post_radius_adjustment)
{

    xy_init = xy_offset_to_first_stud;
    WO = wall_thickness_offset;
    min_t = minimum_thickness;

    include_cross_supports = "Y"; // [Y:Yes, N:No]
/* Note for above: moved to hidden section, because if you can't bridge that you're gonna have problems anyway when it's time to print the top wall */

   if (studs_y==1 && studs_x > 1)
   {
        //Nx1 posts (narrow solid, cross support on every post)

        /*Note on adjument factor for the post radius.

           Since these posts are 1LU, and studs are 3LU,
           it's tempting to just use 1/3 that.
           However, I believe it's about area, rather than radius here.
           Thus, 1/9 is more appropriate (square of the sides).
           (LU-(stud_radius_adjustment/9))

           Of course, I could also be way off :)
           For now, I'm not doing either. Tests so far
           using un-adjusted posts, and 1xN bricks fit
           better than almost anything else I print.
           I may put an adjustment back in the future if people ask for it.
        */

        support_w = LU/4<min_t?min_t:LU/4;

        for(x=[1:studs_x-1])
        {
            translate([xy_init + (SU*x)-(SU/2),xy_init,0])
            {   //only 1 wide, so skinny middle post
                cylinder(post_height, LU, LU, $fn=32);
            }

            //cross supports
            if (include_cross_supports == "Y")
            {
                translate([xy_init + (x*SU) -(SU/2) - (support_w/2), 0, LU])
                {
                    cube([support_w,SU - 2*(LU-WO), post_height- LU],0);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    else  if (studs_y > 1)
    {
        // Nx2+ posts (wide hollow, cross support every other post)

        // Not sure how to handle cross support yet for non-standard (odd-length)
        // bricks with an even number of posts.
        // Supports are there, but not aligned well.

        sup_w = LU/2<(2*min_t)?(2*min_t):LU/2;
        outer = ((((pow(2,0.5)*5)-3)/2) * LU)-support_post_radius_adjustment;
        inner = outer - sup_w;
        sup_l = (SU-outer-WO)/2;

        x_adjust = xy_init - (SU/2) - (sup_w/2);

        for(x=[1:studs_x-1])
        {
            for(y=[1:studs_y-1])
            {
                difference()
                {
                    translate([SU*x + xy_init - (SU/2),SU*y + xy_init - (SU/2), 0])
                    {
                        cylinder(post_height-0.1, outer, outer, $fn=40);
                    }
                    //bottom dimensions needs to *overlap* outer post, not match exactly
                    translate([SU*x + xy_init - (SU/2),SU*y + xy_init - (SU/2), -0.1])
                    {
                        cylinder((post_height-LU)+0.1, inner, inner, $fn=40);
                    }
                }

                //partial cross supports (between two posts)
                if (include_cross_supports == "Y" && x%2==0 && y > 1)
                {
                    translate([x_adjust + (SU*x), (SU*y)+xy_init - (SU/2)- outer - (SU-(2*outer)), LU])
                    {
                        cube([sup_w,SU-(2*outer),post_height - LU - WO],0);
                    }
                }
            }

            //remaining cross supports (outer walls to nearest post)
            if (include_cross_supports == "Y")
            {
                sup_l = SU-WO-outer+0.2; //cheat a bit, because we're not matching to a flat surface

                if (x%2 == 0)
                {
                    //near wall
                    translate([x_adjust+ (SU*x),WO,LU])
                    {
                        cube([sup_w,sup_l,post_height-LU-WO],0);
                    }
                    //far wall
                    translate([x_adjust+ (SU*x),(SU*studs_y) - WO - sup_l,LU])
                    {
                        cube([sup_w,sup_l,post_height-LU-WO],0);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

//TODO: way to make the top wall skinnier for larger nozzle sizes
//TODO: ridge adjustments (needed because of wall and nozzle adjustments)

module LEGO_FULL(studs_long, studs_wide, brick_type, surface_type, wall_adjustment, gap_factor, stud_height_adjustment, stud_radius_adjustment, support_post_radius_adjustment, use_ridges_with_plates)
{
    //brick is default. If we don't understand this, default to brick height
    brick_height = ((brick_type == "plate" || brick_type == "base")? (2*LU) : 6*LU);

    final_height_adjustment = height_adjustment / ((block_type == "plate" || block_type == "base")? 3 : 1);

    wall_thickness = LU - (2 * (PF + wall_adjustment));

    w = (studs_wide > studs_long)?studs_long:studs_wide;
    l = (studs_wide > studs_long)?studs_wide:studs_long; //TODO: l vs 1 can be hard to see
    h = brick_height - final_height_adjustment;

    G = gap_factor; //short-hand
    WT = wall_thickness; //short-hand
    WA = PF + wall_adjustment; //short-hand; stands for Play Factor (Lego's term, I believe)

    long_wall_l = (l*SU)-(2*G)-(2*WA);
    short_wall_l = (w*SU)-(2*G)-(2*WA);

    //Supports across the underside of the brick.
    // Do not appear on plates.
    // They bridge up to a 3.2mm gap about 1.6mm above the build surface, so set this to "No" if the gap will cause a problem for your printer

    include_cross_supports = "Y"; // [Y:Yes, N:No]
    /* Note for above: moved to hidden section, because if you can't bridge that you're gonna have problems anyway when it's time to print the top wall */

    //BRICK

    first_stud = (SU/2) - WA - G;

    LEGO_BLOCK(long_wall_l, short_wall_l, h, WT);

    //STUDS

    if (surface_type != "tile")
    {
        //default as "normal". If we don't understand the value, default to true
        LEGO_STUDS(l, w, first_stud, h, stud_radius_adjustment, stud_height_adjustment);
    }

    //INTERIOR RIDGES

    // plates and bases do not have ridges
    //TODO: test prints of plates are too loose compared to bricks.
    // Real lego does not use ridges for plates, but I might need to
    if ((brick_type == "brick" || use_ridges_with_plates=="Y") && w > 1)
    {
        // ridge depth should make up the space lost for interior wall adjusment + add .1mm (Lego play factor) to help it grip
        //TODO: now that I have a good default, make an adjustment for this
        ridge_d = WA + 0.1;
        //  These ridges can challenge printers; make sure minimum length is 2*nozzle
        ridge_w = LU/2<(2*nozzle_size)?(2*nozzle_size):LU/2;

        //For ridge height: print a little larger than stud height.
        // No need to go all the way up. Filiment savings would be tiny,
        //  but print head movement might be noticeable
        // I'm using 1.5LU for convenience... taller than studs, still safe if we use this for plates.
        LEGO_RIDGES(l, w, ridge_w, ridge_d, LU * 1.5, WT, first_stud, long_wall_l - WT, short_wall_l - WT);
    }

    //UNDER-SIDE CENTER SUPPORT POSTS
    LEGO_POSTS(l, w, h, WT, first_stud, nozzle_size, support_post_radius_adjustment);
}

module LEGO_STANDARD(studs_long, studs_wide, brick_type, surface_treatment)
{
    LEGO_FULL(studs_long, studs_wide, brick_type, surface_treatment,
        0, 0, 0, 0, 0, "N");
}

module LEGO_PRINTING_DEFAULTS(studs_long, studs_wide, brick_type, surface_treatment)
{
    LEGO_FULL(studs_long, studs_wide, brick_type, surface_treatment,
        wall_adjustment, gap_factor, stud_height_adjustment, stud_radius_adjustment, support_post_radius_adjustment, "Y");
}

LEGO_PRINTING_DEFAULTS(length, width, block_type, surface_type);

```


[User]
I need a custom design for a planter bracket that can attach to a cubicle partition. I have a small wooden planter I'd like to place on top of the partition. I need the design to be adjustable for different sizes of planters and partitions. I want to be able to easily remove the planter for watering.

The bracket should have a main body that sits on top of the cubicle wall, and arms that extend out to grip the planter. I'd also like to explore different stylistic options for the bracket, including a simple flat design, a chamfered design, and one with sloped sides. The top of the partition can either be a circle, or a square.

Here are some specific parameters that I'd like to be able to customize:

*   **`bracketZ`**: The height of the bracket (out of the plane).
*   **`planterFinger`**: The length of the arm that grips the planter.
*   **`planterWidth`**: The width of the planter itself.
*   **`planterPadding`**:  The amount of extra space for easy planter removal.
*   **`bracketStyle`**:  Choose between "simple", "chamfered", or "sloped" bracket styles.
*   **`supportStyle`**:  Choose between "circle" or "square" for the partition top support.
*   **`partitionWidth`**: The width of the cubicle partition.
*   **`partitionFinger`**: The length of the arm that grips the partition.
*   **`wallThick`**: Thickness of the main walls of the bracket.
*   **`bottomWallThick`**: The thickness of the bracket under the planter.
*    **`chamferRadius`**: The round rect radius at the top of the partition in square mode

Could you provide me with an OpenSCAD design that allows me to adjust all these parameters, and provides a visual model of the bracket? I'm not using any libraries yet, but I'm open to it if you think they might help.

[Assistant]
planterBracket.scad:
```
// Planter Bracket: attach a planter atop a cubicle partition.
// by David Pnhillip Oster
//
// Version 1.2  9/04/2019
//
// https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:3426884

// Size out of the plane.
bracketZ = 25.4;  // [0.5:0.5:100]

// length of the finger of the bracket gripping the planter.
planterFinger = 33.02;  // [0.5:0.5:100]

// Width of the planter
planterWidth = 101.6;  // [0.5:0.5:100]

// Slop to allow easy removal of the planter.
planterPadding = 2;  // [0:0.5:3]

bracketStyle = "simple";  // [sampler,  chamfered, sloped, simple]

// Treatment of partition top.
supportStyle = "circle";  // [circle, square]

// Width of the partition the planter will sit on.
partitionWidth = 28.5;  // [0.5:0.5:40]

// length of the finger of the bracket gripping the partition.
partitionFinger = 76.2; // [0.5:0.5:100]

// Thickness of the silhouette of the partition and planter fingers.
wallThick = 10; // [0.5:0.5:100]

// Thickness of the silhouette under the planter.
bottomWallThick = 10; // [0.5:0.5:100]

// Round rect radius at the top of the partition in square mode.
chamferRadius = 5;

/* [Hidden] */

// OpenSCAD can show graphic artifacts in preview mode when solids exactly touch.
// `epsilon` allows adjustment to prevent that but is too small to show in a print.
epsilon = 0.01;

planterTotalWidth = planterWidth + planterPadding;

// the left upper arm of the bracket. it grips the planter
module leftHalfBracket(bottomWallThick=bottomWallThick, wallThick=wallThick) {
  origin = [-epsilon, bottomWallThick];
  innerBottom = [planterTotalWidth/2, bottomWallThick];
  innerTop = [planterTotalWidth/2, planterFinger];
  outerTop = [planterTotalWidth/2+wallThick, planterFinger];
  outerBottom = [planterTotalWidth/2+wallThick, 0];
  originBottom = [-epsilon, -3*wallThick];
  polygon(points = [origin, innerBottom, innerTop, outerTop, outerBottom, originBottom]);
}

// the right upper arm of the bracket. it grips the planter
module rightHalfBracket(bottomWallThick=bottomWallThick, wallThick=wallThick) {
  scale([-1, 1, 1]){
    leftHalfBracket(bottomWallThick, wallThick);
  }
}

// solidPartitionFingers - partitionHole is the partition fingers.
module solidPartitionFingers(wallThick=wallThick) {
  translate([-(wallThick*2 + partitionWidth)/2, -(partitionFinger + wallThick/3)]) {
    square([wallThick*2 + partitionWidth, partitionFinger + wallThick/3]);
  }
}

// The bracket minus the hole for the partition.
module solidBracket(bottomWallThick=bottomWallThick, wallThick=wallThick) {
  leftHalfBracket(bottomWallThick, wallThick);
  rightHalfBracket(bottomWallThick, wallThick);
  solidPartitionFingers(wallThick);
}

// The hole for the partition partition. Top of the hole is at the origin.
module partitionHole() {
  translate([0, -(partitionWidth/2)]) {
    translate([-partitionWidth/2, -(partitionFinger+epsilon)]) {
      square([partitionWidth, partitionFinger+epsilon]);
    }
    if (supportStyle == "circle") {
      circle(d=partitionWidth, $fn=30);
    } else {
      hull() {
        for (j =  [-1:2:1]) {
          for (i = [-1:2:1]) {
            translate([i * ((partitionWidth-chamferRadius)/2),
                       j * ((partitionWidth-chamferRadius)/2)]) {
              circle(d=chamferRadius);
            }
          }
        }
      }
    }
  }
}

// complete simple style bracket.
module completeSimpleBracket(bottomWallThick=bottomWallThick, wallThick=wallThick, bracketZ=bracketZ) {
  linear_extrude(height = bracketZ) {
    difference() {
      solidBracket(bottomWallThick, wallThick);
      partitionHole();
    }
  }
}

module slopedSolidBracket() {
  hull() {
    completeSimpleBracket(bottomWallThick, wallThick/2, bracketZ + wallThick);
    translate([0, 0, wallThick/2]) {
      completeSimpleBracket(bottomWallThick, wallThick, bracketZ);
    }
  }
}

module chamferSolidBracket() {
  hull() {
    linear_extrude(height = bracketZ+wallThick) {
      leftHalfBracket(bottomWallThick, wallThick/2);
      rightHalfBracket(bottomWallThick, wallThick/2);
    }
    translate([0, 0, wallThick/2]) {
      linear_extrude(height = bracketZ) {
        leftHalfBracket(bottomWallThick, wallThick);
        rightHalfBracket(bottomWallThick, wallThick);
      }
    }
  }
  hull() {
    linear_extrude(height = bracketZ+wallThick) {
      solidPartitionFingers(wallThick/2);
    }
    translate([0, 0, wallThick/2]) {
      linear_extrude(height = bracketZ) {
        solidPartitionFingers(wallThick);
      }
    }
  }
}

module solidPartitionHole() {
  translate([0, 0, -wallThick/2]) {
    linear_extrude(height = bracketZ + 3*wallThick) {
      partitionHole();
    }
  }
}

module solidPlanerHole() {
  translate([-planterTotalWidth/2, bottomWallThick, -wallThick/2]) {
    cube([planterTotalWidth, 3*planterTotalWidth, bracketZ + 3*wallThick]);
  }
}

// complete slope-sided style bracket.
module completeSlopedBracket() {
  difference() {
    slopedSolidBracket();
    solidPartitionHole();
    solidPlanerHole();
  }
}

// complete chamfered style bracket.
module completeChamferBracket() {
  difference() {
    chamferSolidBracket();
    solidPartitionHole();
    solidPlanerHole();
  }
}

if (bracketStyle == "chamfered") {
  completeChamferBracket();
} else if (bracketStyle == "sloped") {
  completeSlopedBracket();
} else if (bracketStyle == "sampler"){
  completeSimpleBracket();
  translate([0, 0, bracketZ + 6*wallThick]) {
    completeChamferBracket();
  }
  translate([0, 0, 2*(bracketZ + 6*wallThick)]) {
    completeSlopedBracket();
  }
} else {  // i.e simple.
  completeSimpleBracket();
}

```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to design some magnetic labels for my workshop, and I want to be able to easily customize them using parameters in OpenSCAD. I need to be able to specify the length and height of the label, the thickness of the label plate, the corner radius, and the diameter and thickness of the magnet. Also, it needs to have a hole for the magnet, with some tolerance so it's not too tight a fit, which should be adjustable. I would also like the option to choose if the magnet protrudes or is flush with the label back, with a simple boolean.

The basic shape should be a rectangular plate with rounded corners. Ideally, I'd like this to be a flexible shape, so that by adjusting the parameters, I could easily get a square plate, an oval or even a circle.

I would like the label to have a magnet protrusion (a truncated cone) on the back that is sized to the magnet, with a counterbore to hold the magnet. The counterbore diameter should be slightly larger than the magnet diameter using the tolerance parameter, and the depth should be set so that the magnet sits roughly flush with the back of the plate. The magnet protrusion should be a tapered cylinder. I need this feature to be parametric so if I'm using the boolean, it will add this feature.

It would be nice if all measurements were in millimeters and I could adjust the number of fragments for the circles. I'm familiar with using OpenSCAD and parameters but not writing advanced code, so I need some help creating this script.

Can you help me generate the necessary OpenSCAD files? I would prefer that you only use the standard OpenSCAD libraries as I don't have any other libraries installed right now.

[Assistant]
Magnetic_Labels.scad:
```
//All values are in millimeters

//Set length of label face plate
plate_length = 50.8;

//Set height of faceplate
plate_height = 12.7;

//Set thickness of faceplate. 2 is typically sufficient.
plate_thickness = 2;

//Set corner radius of faceplate
corner_radius = 1.5;

//Set diameter of magnet
magnet_diameter = 6;

//Set thickness of magnet
magnet_thickness = 3;

//Set extra tolerance for magnet hole in mm. If set to zero, hole will be exactly the same as your magnet diameter. This really depends on your printer calibration. If you can't get your magnets into the hole, increase this number in 0.25 increments.
hole_tolerance = 0.25;

//Code below this line should be left alone unless you know what you're doing.

//Number of fragments for circles
$fn = 64;

// Determine starting point on Z axis of magnet hole
inset = (plate_thickness-1)>magnet_thickness ? plate_thickness-magnet_thickness : 1;

// Draw face plate including magnet cutout if required.
difference(){

 // Rectangle with rounded corners
    translate([-plate_length/2, -plate_height/2, 0]) { roundedCube([plate_length, plate_height, plate_thickness], r=corner_radius); }
// Cylinder cutout if needed based on inset and magnet diameter
    translate([0,0,inset])cylinder(d = magnet_diameter+hole_tolerance,h = plate_thickness);
}

// Draw magnet protrusion if needed
difference(){

// Outside tapered cylinder
translate([0,0,plate_thickness])cylinder(d1 = magnet_diameter+4,d2 = magnet_diameter+2,h = magnet_thickness-(plate_thickness-inset));

// Cutout for magnet
translate([0,0,plate_thickness-inset])cylinder(d = magnet_diameter + hole_tolerance,h = magnet_thickness-(plate_thickness-inset)+2);

// Magnet hole inside taper
translate([0,0,(magnet_thickness-0.5-(plate_thickness-1)+plate_thickness)])cylinder(d1 = magnet_diameter+hole_tolerance,d2 = magnet_diameter+hole_tolerance+2,h = 1);
}

module roundedCube(dim, r=1, x=false, y=false, z=true, xcorners=[true,true,true,true], ycorners=[true,true,true,true], zcorners=[true,true,true,true], center=false, rx=[undef, undef, undef, undef], ry=[undef, undef, undef, undef], rz=[undef, undef, undef, undef], $fn=128)
{
	translate([(center==true ? (-(dim[0]/2)) : 0), (center==true ? (-(dim[1]/2)) : 0), (center==true ? (-(dim[2]/2)) : 0)])
	{
		difference()
		{
			cube(dim);

			if(z)
			{
				translate([0, 0, -0.1])
				{
					if(zcorners[0])
						translate([0, dim[1]-(rz[0]==undef ? r : rz[0])]) { rotateAround([0, 0, 90], [(rz[0]==undef ? r : rz[0])/2, (rz[0]==undef ? r : rz[0])/2, 0]) { meniscus(h=dim[2], r=(rz[0]==undef ? r : rz[0]), fn=$fn); } }
					if(zcorners[1])
						translate([dim[0]-(rz[1]==undef ? r : rz[1]), dim[1]-(rz[1]==undef ? r : rz[1])]) { meniscus(h=dim[2], r=(rz[1]==undef ? r : rz[1]), fn=$fn); }
					if(zcorners[2])
						translate([dim[0]-(rz[2]==undef ? r : rz[2]), 0]) { rotateAround([0, 0, -90], [(rz[2]==undef ? r : rz[2])/2, (rz[2]==undef ? r : rz[2])/2, 0]) { meniscus(h=dim[2], r=(rz[2]==undef ? r : rz[2]), fn=$fn); } }
					if(zcorners[3])
						rotateAround([0, 0, -180], [(rz[3]==undef ? r : rz[3])/2, (rz[3]==undef ? r : rz[3])/2, 0]) { meniscus(h=dim[2], r=(rz[3]==undef ? r : rz[3]), fn=$fn); }
				}
			}

			if(y)
			{
				translate([0, -0.1, 0])
				{
					if(ycorners[0])
						translate([0, 0, dim[2]-(ry[0]==undef ? r : ry[0])]) { rotateAround([0, 180, 0], [(ry[0]==undef ? r : ry[0])/2, 0, (ry[0]==undef ? r : ry[0])/2]) { rotateAround([-90, 0, 0], [0, (ry[0]==undef ? r : ry[0])/2, (ry[0]==undef ? r : ry[0])/2]) { meniscus(h=dim[1], r=(ry[0]==undef ? r : ry[0])); } } }
					if(ycorners[1])
						translate([dim[0]-(ry[1]==undef ? r : ry[1]), 0, dim[2]-(ry[1]==undef ? r : ry[1])]) { rotateAround([0, -90, 0], [(ry[1]==undef ? r : ry[1])/2, 0, (ry[1]==undef ? r : ry[1])/2]) { rotateAround([-90, 0, 0], [0, (ry[1]==undef ? r : ry[1])/2, (ry[1]==undef ? r : ry[1])/2]) { meniscus(h=dim[1], r=(ry[1]==undef ? r : ry[1])); } } }
					if(ycorners[2])
						translate([dim[0]-(ry[2]==undef ? r : ry[2]), 0]) { rotateAround([-90, 0, 0], [0, (ry[2]==undef ? r : ry[2])/2, (ry[2]==undef ? r : ry[2])/2]) { meniscus(h=dim[1], r=(ry[2]==undef ? r : ry[2])); } }
					if(ycorners[3])
						rotateAround([0, 90, 0], [(ry[3]==undef ? r : ry[3])/2, 0, (ry[3]==undef ? r : ry[3])/2]) { rotateAround([-90, 0, 0], [0, (ry[3]==undef ? r : ry[3])/2, (ry[3]==undef ? r : ry[3])/2]) { meniscus(h=dim[1], r=(ry[3]==undef ? r : ry[3])); } }
				}
			}

			if(x)
			{
				translate([-0.1, 0, 0])
				{
					if(xcorners[0])
						translate([0, dim[1]-(rx[0]==undef ? r : rx[0])]) { rotateAround([0, 90, 0], [(rx[0]==undef ? r : rx[0])/2, 0, (rx[0]==undef ? r : rx[0])/2]) { meniscus(h=dim[0], r=(rx[0]==undef ? r : rx[0])); } }
					if(xcorners[1])
						translate([0, dim[1]-(rx[1]==undef ? r : rx[1]), dim[2]-(rx[1]==undef ? r : rx[1])]) { rotateAround([90, 0, 0], [0, (rx[1]==undef ? r : rx[1])/2, (rx[1]==undef ? r : rx[1])/2]) { rotateAround([0, 90, 0], [(rx[1]==undef ? r : rx[1])/2, 0, (rx[1]==undef ? r : rx[1])/2]) { meniscus(h=dim[0], r=(rx[1]==undef ? r : rx[1])); } } }
					if(xcorners[2])
						translate([0, 0, dim[2]-(rx[2]==undef ? r : rx[2])]) { rotateAround([180, 0, 0], [0, (rx[2]==undef ? r : rx[2])/2, (rx[2]==undef ? r : rx[2])/2]) { rotateAround([0, 90, 0], [(rx[2]==undef ? r : rx[2])/2, 0, (rx[2]==undef ? r : rx[2])/2]) { meniscus(h=dim[0], r=(rx[2]==undef ? r : rx[2])); } } }
					if(xcorners[3])
						rotateAround([-90, 0, 0], [0, (rx[3]==undef ? r : rx[3])/2, (rx[3]==undef ? r : rx[3])/2]) { rotateAround([0, 90, 0], [(rx[3]==undef ? r : rx[3])/2, 0, (rx[3]==undef ? r : rx[3])/2]) { meniscus(h=dim[0], r=(rx[3]==undef ? r : rx[3])); } }
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

module meniscus(h, r, fn=128)
{
	$fn=fn;

	difference()
	{
		cube([r+0.2, r+0.2, h+0.2]);
		translate([0, 0, -0.1]) { cylinder(h=h+0.4, r=r); }
	}
}

module rotateAround(a, v) { translate(v) { rotate(a) { translate(-v) { children(); } } } }
```


[User]
I'd like to create a set of polygon tiles for teaching tessellations. I'm thinking of regular polygons, all with sides of equal length.

Here's what I need:

*   **Adjustable number of sides:** I need to specify the maximum number of sides for the polygons. For example, if I set it to 7, I'd get triangles, squares, pentagons, hexagons, and heptagons.
*   **Adjustable quantity:** I'd want to specify how many of *each* of those polygon types to create. So if I chose 5, I'd get 5 triangles, 5 squares, 5 pentagons and so on.
*   **Adjustable side length:** The length of each side should be customizable.
*   **Adjustable height (thickness):** The thickness of the tiles should also be adjustable.

I want the tiles to be arranged in a grid-like fashion. Each set of polygons should be laid out in a row, with each polygon of the row next to each other. The rows of each of the repeated tiles (e.g., row 1 is 1 of each shape, row 2 is 2 of each shape, etc.) should be stacked vertically.

Can you generate an OpenSCAD file (or files, if it makes sense) that can do this? I don't need anything fancy, just a single main file that has the customizable parameters mentioned above, so that I can generate STLs to print. I will also need to generate DXFs or SVGs for laser cutting by commenting out the 3D export, and rendering a projection.

Please don't worry about using any external libraries; I prefer a basic setup here.

[Assistant]
polygon_tiles.scad:
```
// Copyright 2019 Luke Johnson
// Copyright 2019 Michael K Johnson
// Licensed under the Creative Commons - Attribution license.
// http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

// Create a set of polygon tiles, all with the same length sides

// How many sides should the larges polygon have?
max_sides=7; // [3:16]
// How many tiles of each size?
quantity=5; // [1:10]
// How long should each side be (mm)
side_length=15; // [5:25]
// How thick should the tiles be (mm)
height=2; // [1:5]

module polygon_tile(sides, side_length, height) {
    int_ang=((sides-2)*180)/sides;
    cylinder(r=(sides)/(2*cos(int_ang/2)),h=height,$fn=sides);
}

module set() {
    for (t=[1:quantity]) {
        translate([0, (t-1) * (max_sides*side_length/(5)), 0]) {
            for (sides=[3:max_sides]) {
                translate([(sides-3) * (sides*side_length/(5)), 0, 0])
                    polygon_tile(sides, side_length, height);
            }
        }
    }
}

// To print, render the puzzle and export to STL or AMF
set();
// To laser cut, comment out the line above, uncomment the line below, and render the puzzle and export to DXF or SVG
//projection(cut=false) set();

```
polygon_tiles.scad:
```
// Copyright 2019 Luke Johnson
// Copyright 2019 Michael K Johnson
// Licensed under the Creative Commons - Attribution license.
// http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/

// Create a set of polygon tiles, all with the same length sides

// How many sides should the larges polygon have?
max_sides=7; // [3:16]
// How many tiles of each size?
quantity=5; // [1:10]
// How long should each side be (mm)
side_length=15; // [5:25]
// How thick should the tiles be (mm)
height=2; // [1:5]

module polygon_tile(sides, side_length, height) {
    int_ang=((sides-2)*180)/sides;
    cylinder(r=(sides)/(2*cos(int_ang/2)),h=height,$fn=sides);
}

for (t=[1:quantity]) {
    translate([0, (t-1) * (max_sides*side_length/(5)), 0]) {
        for (sides=[3:max_sides]) {
            translate([(sides-3) * (sides*side_length/(5)), 0, 0])
                polygon_tile(sides, side_length, height);
        }
    }
}
```


[User]
I'm looking to generate some parametric battery boxes, and I'd like to use OpenSCAD. I want to be able to specify the type of battery (either individual cylindrical batteries, bundles of cylindrical batteries, or rectangular block batteries like 9Vs), the number of batteries or bundles in the box, and the size and spacing between them. I want the box to have a base and a lid that connect with tabs and sockets. I need these to be parametric and adjustable, so I don't have to modify the code each time I want to make a change. I've provided a design I'm basing this on. I think the following options should be configurable:

**General Box Parameters:**

*   `type`:  A selection of "bundle", "cylinder", or "block" to specify the battery type.
*   `battbox_count_wide`: Number of batteries or bundles wide.
*   `battbox_count_long`: Number of batteries or bundles long.
*   `battbox_spacing`: Spacing between batteries or bundles.
*   `battbox_height`: Total height of the battery box.
*   `battbox_edge_width`: Thickness of the outer walls, should be large enough to provide sufficient material for tabs.
*    `battbox_base_thickness`: Thickness of the base of the box.
*   `battery_clearance`: How much extra space to add around the batteries for tolerance during manufacturing.

**For Round Batteries (cylinder and bundle):**

*   `battery_type`: A dropdown to specify common battery sizes: "AAAA", "AAA", "AA", "C", "D", and "Other".
*   `battery_other_diameter`: If "Other" is selected for `battery_type`, the user provides the diameter directly.
*   `battery_bundle_spacing`: For bundles, the spacing between individual cylindrical batteries.
*   `bundle_width_count`: Number of batteries wide in each bundle.
*   `bundle_length_count`: Number of batteries long in each bundle.

**For Block Batteries:**

*   `battery_width`: Width of the block battery.
*   `battery_length`: Length of the block battery.

**Joint/Tab Parameters:**

*   `joint_height`: Height of the tab/socket.
*   `joint_diameter`: Diameter of the tab.
*   `joint_setback`: How far the tab is inset from the edge of the box.
*   `joint_setback_width`: Width of the tab where it meets the side of the box.
*   `joint_setback_height`: Height of the tab at its base.
*    `joint_offset`: Offset from the edge where the first joint starts.
*   `joint_spacing`: Distance between the centers of adjacent tabs.
*   `joint_v_clearance`: Vertical clearance added to socket height.
*    `joint_d_clearance`: Diametral clearance added to socket hole.
*   `joint_max`: Maximum number of joints that should be placed.

For the tabs and sockets, I'd like a tab to be on one part of the box and a socket (hole) on the mating side of the box (i.e., the lid).

I think it would be good to use the BOSL2 library, as that seems to be well-supported, but I'm open to other suggestions, too.

[Assistant]
battery-box.scad:
```
/* [Battery Box] */

// The type of battery to hold in the box
type="cylinder"; // [bundle:Round Battery Bundle,cylinder:Round Battery,block:Square Battery]

/* [Bundles] */

// Number of batteries wide in each bundle
bundle_width_count=4; // [2:100]

// Number of batteries long in each bundle
bundle_length_count=1; // [1:100]

// Spacing between batteries in bundles in mm (usually 0)
battery_bundle_spacing=0; // [0:10]

/* [Round Battery] */

// Use a standard battery diameters
battery_type="AA"; // [AAAA,AAA,AA,C,D,Other]

// Battery diameter in mm
battery_other_diameter=14; // [1:100]

/* [Hidden] */

// AAAA = 8.3 mm
// AAA = 10.5 mm
// AA = 14 mm
// C = 26.2 mm
// D = 34 mm
battery_diameter =
      battery_type == "AAAA" ? 8.3
    : battery_type == "AAA"  ? 10.5
    : battery_type == "AA"   ? 14
    : battery_type == "C"    ? 26.2
    : battery_type == "D"    ? 34
    :                          battery_other_diameter;

/* [Square Battery] */

// 9V = 26 mm x 17 mm
battery_width=26; // [1:100]
battery_length=17; // [1:100]

/* [Print Details] */

// How much room to give batteries in the box in mm
battery_clearance=0.3; // [0:0.05:1]

/* [Hidden] */

battery_diameter_w_clearance=battery_diameter+battery_clearance;

battery_width_w_clearance=battery_width+battery_clearance;
battery_length_w_clearance=battery_length+battery_clearance;

bundle_width=bundle_width_count*battery_diameter+battery_bundle_spacing*(bundle_width_count-1)+battery_clearance*2;
bundle_length=bundle_length_count*battery_diameter+battery_bundle_spacing*(bundle_length_count-1)+battery_clearance*2;

/* [Battery Box] */

// Number of batteries or bundles wide
battbox_count_wide=1; // [1:100]

// Number of batteries or bundles long
battbox_count_long=4; // [1:100]

// Space between batteries in mm
battbox_spacing=1; // [0:10]

// Height of the battery box in mm
battbox_height=30; // [10:100]

/* [Hidden] */

joint_height=battbox_height * 2/3;
joint_diameter=3;
joint_setback=2;
joint_setback_width=2;
joint_setback_height=joint_height * 4/5;
joint_offset=5;
joint_spacing=50;
joint_v_clearance=0.3;
joint_d_clearance=0.3;

joint_max=1000;

battbox_edge_width_extra=0.3;
battbox_edge_width=joint_setback+joint_diameter+joint_d_clearance*2+battbox_edge_width_extra;
battbox_base_thickness=5;

function battbox_dimension(sizing, count) =
    sizing*count+battbox_spacing*(count-1)+battbox_edge_width*2;

battbox_width_w_bundle=battbox_dimension(bundle_width, battbox_count_wide);
battbox_length_w_bundle=battbox_dimension(bundle_length,battbox_count_long);

battbox_width_w_cylinder=battbox_dimension(battery_diameter+battery_clearance,battbox_count_wide);
battbox_length_w_cylinder=battbox_dimension(battery_diameter+battery_clearance,battbox_count_long);

battbox_width_w_block=battbox_dimension(battery_width+battery_clearance,battbox_count_wide);
battbox_length_w_block=battbox_dimension(battery_length+battery_clearance,battbox_count_long);

function battbox_width() =
    type == "bundle"   ? battbox_width_w_bundle   :
    type == "cylinder" ? battbox_width_w_cylinder :
 /* type == "block" */   battbox_width_w_block;
function battbox_length() =
    type == "bundle"   ? battbox_length_w_bundle   :
    type == "cylinder" ? battbox_length_w_cylinder :
 /* type == "block" */   battbox_length_w_block;

battery_cut_height=battbox_height*2;
battbox_inset_height=battbox_height*1/3;

battbox_inset_width=battbox_width() - battbox_edge_width*2;
battbox_inset_length=battbox_length() - battbox_edge_width*2;

function joint_count() =
    min(joint_max,floor((battbox_length() - joint_offset*2) / joint_spacing)+1);

module joint(cv,cd) {
    union() {
        translate([joint_diameter/2+cd+joint_setback,0,0])
        cylinder(joint_height+cv,d=joint_diameter+cd*2,$fn=10);

        translate([0,-(joint_setback_width/2+cd),0])
        cube([joint_setback+joint_diameter/2+cd,joint_setback_width+cd*2,joint_setback_height+cv]);
    }
}

module joints(cv,cd) {
    union() {
        for (j = [0:joint_count()-1]) {
            translate([0,joint_spacing*j,0])
            joint(cv,cd);
        }
    }
}

module joint_tabs() {
    translate([battbox_width(),joint_offset,0])
    joints(0,0);
}

module joint_sockets() {
    translate([0,joint_offset,0])
    joints(joint_v_clearance, joint_d_clearance);
}

module battbox_inset_cutout() {
    if (type == "bundle" || type == "cylinder") {
        translate([0,0,battbox_base_thickness+battbox_inset_height])
        union() {
            translate([battery_diameter/2,battery_diameter/2,0])
            cylinder(battery_cut_height,d=battery_diameter+battery_clearance*2);

            translate([battbox_inset_width-battery_diameter/2,battery_diameter/2,0])
            cylinder(battery_cut_height,d=battery_diameter+battery_clearance*2);

            translate([battery_diameter/2,battbox_inset_length-battery_diameter/2,0])
            cylinder(battery_cut_height,d=battery_diameter+battery_clearance*2);

            translate([battbox_inset_width-battery_diameter/2,battbox_inset_length-battery_diameter/2,0])
            cylinder(battery_cut_height,d=battery_diameter+battery_clearance*2);

            translate([0,battery_diameter/2,0])
            cube([battbox_inset_width,battbox_inset_length-battery_diameter,battery_cut_height]);

            translate([battery_diameter/2,0,0])
            cube([battbox_inset_width-battery_diameter,battbox_inset_length,battery_cut_height]);
        }
    }
    else if (type == "block") {
        translate([0,0,battbox_base_thickness+battbox_inset_height])
        cube([battbox_inset_width,battbox_inset_length,battery_cut_height]);
    }
}

module bundle_slot() {
    translate([0,0,battbox_base_thickness])
    union() {
        translate([battery_diameter/2,battery_diameter/2,0])
        cylinder(battery_cut_height,d=battery_diameter+battery_clearance*2);

        translate([bundle_width-battery_diameter/2,battery_diameter/2,0])
        cylinder(battery_cut_height,d=battery_diameter+battery_clearance*2);

        translate([battery_diameter/2,bundle_length-battery_diameter/2,0])
        cylinder(battery_cut_height,d=battery_diameter+battery_clearance*2);

        translate([bundle_width-battery_diameter/2,bundle_length-battery_diameter/2,0])
        cylinder(battery_cut_height,d=battery_diameter+battery_clearance*2);

        translate([0,battery_diameter/2,0])
        cube([bundle_width,bundle_length-battery_diameter,battery_cut_height]);

        translate([battery_diameter/2,0,0])
        cube([bundle_width-battery_diameter,bundle_length,battery_cut_height]);
    }
}

module cylinder_slot() {
    translate([battery_diameter_w_clearance/2,battery_diameter_w_clearance/2,battbox_base_thickness])
    cylinder(battery_cut_height,d=battery_diameter_w_clearance);
}

module box_slot() {
    translate([0,0,battbox_base_thickness])
    cube([battery_width_w_clearance,battery_length_w_clearance,battery_cut_height]);
}

module slot(w,l) {
    if (type == "bundle") {
        translate([battbox_edge_width+(bundle_width+battbox_spacing)*(w-1),battbox_edge_width+(bundle_length+battbox_spacing)*(l-1),0])
        bundle_slot();
    }

    else if (type == "cylinder") {
        translate([battbox_edge_width+(battery_diameter_w_clearance+battbox_spacing)*(w-1),battbox_edge_width+(battery_diameter_w_clearance+battbox_spacing)*(l-1),0])
        cylinder_slot();
    }
    else if (type == "block") {
        translate([battbox_edge_width+(battery_width_w_clearance+battbox_spacing)*(w-1),battbox_edge_width+(battery_length_w_clearance+battbox_spacing)*(l-1),0])
        box_slot();
    }
}

module battery_box() {
    difference() {
        union() {
            cube([battbox_width(),battbox_length(),battbox_height]);

            joint_tabs();
        }

        joint_sockets();

        translate([battbox_edge_width,battbox_edge_width,0])
        battbox_inset_cutout();

        for (w = [1:battbox_count_wide]) {
            for(l = [1:battbox_count_long]) {
                slot(w,l);
            }
        }
    }
}

battery_box();

```


[User]
I'd like to generate a 3D printable hypercube lattice structure, and I need some help writing the OpenSCAD code for it.

Here are the basic ideas: The structure is built from a repeating unit cell. The unit cell contains three main types of elements: cylindrical bars, spheres at the intersections, and angled support rods.

The cylinders should form the edges of a cube. So, you’ll have a cylinder along each of the X, Y, and Z axes. Then, there are more cylinders placed at the corners of the cube as diagonals with the same length. We also have cylinders as diagonals going from the center.

The spheres are placed at the corners of the cube and at the center points between any two corners along each axis. These will act like the nodes in the lattice.

Finally, there are angled support rods. These appear to be angled at 45 degrees, but further analysis of the code shows that they are rotated an additional 55 degrees along a different axis.

I want to be able to adjust these parameters:
- `a`: The radius of the cylindrical bars.
- `b`: The radius of the spheres.
- `c`: The length of one side of the cube which defines our unit cell,

The whole structure should be built by repeating the unit cell in a 3D grid. I’d like to be able to specify the number of repetitions in each direction as well. Let's call these repetitions `nx`, `ny`, and `nz`. The spacing between the cells will need to be equivalent to our cell length `c`.

So to summarize, the code should generate the hypercube lattice using a customizable unit cell and grid parameters. Can you help me with this? I am not using any particular libraries, but if you think one would be helpful go ahead.

[Assistant]
Hypercube_Lattice.scad:
```
a=0.6;//bar thickness
b=3;//ball radius
c=10;//cell length

for(i = [1 : 5]){
    for(j = [1 : 5]){
        for(k = [1 : 5]){
            translate(v=[10*i,0,0]){
                translate(v=[0,10*j,0]){
                    translate(v=[0,0,10*k]){
                    Unitcell(){}
                }
            }
        }
        }
    }
}

module Unitcell()
union(){

cylinder(h = c, r1 = a, r2 = a, center = true/false);
rotate(a = 90, v = [1, 0, 0]) {
cylinder(h = c, r1 = a, r2 = a, center = true/false);}
rotate(a = 90, v = [0, 1, 0]) {
cylinder(h = c, r1 = a, r2 = a, center = true/false);}
translate(v = [c,-c,0]) {
cylinder(h = c, r1 = a, r2 = a, center = true/false);
rotate(a = 90, v = [-1, 0, 0]) {
cylinder(h = c, r1 = a, r2 = a, center = true/false);}
rotate(a = 90, v = [0, -1, 0]) {
cylinder(h = c, r1 = a, r2 = a, center = true/false);}}

translate(v=[10,0,0]){
cylinder(h = c, r1 = a, r2 = a, center = true/false);
}

translate(v=[0,-c,0]){
cylinder(h = c, r1 = a, r2 = a, center = true/false);
}

rotate(a = 90, v = [1, 0, 0]) {
    translate(v=[0,c,0]){
cylinder(h = c, r1 = a, r2 = a, center = true/false);}}

rotate(a = 90, v = [1, 0, 0]) {
    translate(v=[c,c,0]){
cylinder(h = c, r1 = a, r2 = a, center = true/false);}}

rotate(a = 90, v = [0, 1, 0]) {
    translate(v=[-10,0,0]){
cylinder(h = 10, r1 = a, r2 = a, center = true/false);}}

rotate(a = 90, v = [0, 1, 0]) {
    translate(v=[-c,-c,0]){
cylinder(h = c, r1 = a, r2 = a, center = true/false);}}

sphere(r = 1);

translate(v=[c,0,0]){
sphere(r = 1);}

translate(v=[0,-c,0]){
    sphere(r = 1);}

translate(v=[0,0,c]){
     sphere(r = 1);}

translate(v=[c,0,c]){
sphere(r = 1);}

translate(v=[0,-c,c]){
    sphere(r = 1);}

translate(v=[c,-c,0]){
    sphere(r = 1);}

translate(v=[c,-c,c]){
     sphere(r = 1);}

translate(v=[0,-c,0]){
rotate(a = 45, v = [0,0, 1]){
    rotate(a = 55, v = [0,1, 0]){
cylinder(h = 18, r1 = a, r2 = a, center = true/false);
}
}
}

translate(v=[0,0,0]){
rotate(a = 45, v = [0,0, 1]){
    rotate(a = 55, v = [1,0, 0]){
cylinder(h = 1.8*c, r1 = a, r2 = a, center = true/false);
}
}
}

translate(v=[c,0,0]){
rotate(a = 45, v = [0,0, 1]){
    rotate(a = 55, v = [0,-1, 0]){
cylinder(h = 1.8*c, r1 = a, r2 = a, center = true/false);
}
}
}

translate(v=[c,-c,0]){
rotate(a = 45, v = [0,0, 1]){
    rotate(a = 55, v = [-1,0, 0]){
cylinder(h = 1.8*c, r1 = a, r2 = a, center = true/false);

translate(v=[0,0,c]){
sphere(r = b);
}
    }
}
}
}
```


[User]
Okay, I need a parametric OpenSCAD design for a maze with a separate lid that conceals the maze walls. The basic concept is this: there's a grid of cells, and walls are generated between them using a recursive backtracking algorithm, like the attached code. I'm looking for something that can handle different sizes, wall thicknesses, and a few other parameters.

Here's a more detailed breakdown of the requirements. I'd like to be able to control:

*   **Grid Size:** The number of horizontal and vertical cells in the maze (e.g., 8x8, 10x12).
*   **Cell Size:** The dimension of each square cell.
*   **Wall Thicknesses:** Both the thickness of the inner maze walls and the outer wall surrounding the entire maze.
*   **Wall Heights:** The height of the inner maze walls and the outer wall, these can be different.
*  **Base Thickness:** How thick the base is below the maze walls.
*   **Start Inset:** An offset from the start cell. This is for creating the maze entrance.
*   **Hole Size:** The size of the hole for the start and finish, and the smaller holes that remove material from the interior.
*   **Seed:** A seed value for the random number generator to ensure repeatable mazes.

The maze itself should be generated using the recursive backtracking algorithm. I'd like the start and end points of the maze to be the furthest apart points, using the path as a measure. The lid should be a simple box that fits flush on top of the maze, concealing the walls. I'm planning to use a 1/4" ball bearing for solving the maze, so make sure to keep that in mind for the hole size.

I would like for there to be additional holes generated through the maze, to allow excess material to be removed during the printing process. It should go through the entire part and the hole size is separate from the maze holes.

Also, please use libraries that are included in the standard OpenSCAD installation, like `MCAD`.

[Assistant]
maze.scad:
```
horizontalCells = 8;
verticalCells = 8;
cellSize = 8;
holeSize = 6;
innerWallThickness = 0.75;
innerWallHeight = 8;
outerWallThickness = 2;
outerWallHeight = 8;
baseThickness = 1;
startInset = 0.5;
// set seed to something other than 0 for a repeatable design
seed = 24;

module dummy() {}

$fn = 16;

nudge = 0.001;

// Algorithm:   https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maze_generation_algorithm#Recursive_backtracker

// cell structure: [visited, [wall1, wall2, ...]]
// position: [x,y]
// direction: 0,1,2,3

directions = [ [-1,0], [1,0], [0,-1], [0,1] ];
wallCoordinates = [ [ [-0.5,-0.5],[-0.5,0.5] ],
    [ [0.5,-0.5],[0.5,0.5] ],
    [ [-0.5,-0.5],[0.5,-0.5] ],
    [ [-0.5,0.5],[0.5,0.5] ] ];
revDirections = [1,0,3,2];

rs = seed ? rands(0,.9999999,ceil(horizontalCells * verticalCells * len(directions) / 2),seed) : rands(0,.9999999,ceil(horizontalCells * verticalCells * len(directions) / 2));

function inside(pos) = pos[0] >= 0 && pos[1] >= 0 && pos[0] < horizontalCells && pos[1] < verticalCells;
function move(pos,dir) = pos+directions[dir];
function tail(list) = len(list)>1 ? [for(i=[1:len(list)-1]) list[i]] : [];
function visited(cells,pos) = !inside(pos) || cells[pos[0]][pos[1]][0];
function countUnvisitedNeighbors(cells,pos,count=0, dir=0) = dir >= len(directions) ?
        count :
        countUnvisitedNeighbors(cells, pos, count = count + (visited(cells,move(pos,dir))?0:1), dir = dir+1);
function getNthUnvisitedNeighbor(cells,pos,count,dir=0) =
    visited(cells,move(pos,dir)) ?
        getNthUnvisitedNeighbor(cells,pos,count,dir=dir+1) :
    count == 0 ? dir :
    getNthUnvisitedNeighbor(cells,pos,count-1,dir=dir+1);
function getRandomUnvisitedNeighbor(cells,pos,r) =
    let(n=countUnvisitedNeighbors(cells,pos))
    n == 0 ? undef :
        getNthUnvisitedNeighbor(cells,pos,floor(r*n));
function visit(cells, pos, dir) =
    let(newPos=move(pos,dir),
        revDir=revDirections[dir])
    [ for(x=[0:horizontalCells-1]) [ for(y=[0:verticalCells-1])
        let(isNew=[x,y]==newPos,
            isOld=[x,y]==pos)
        [ cells[x][y][0] || isNew,
        [for (i=[0:len(directions)-1])
            cells[x][y][1][i] &&
            ( !isNew || i != revDir )
            && ( !isOld || i != dir)
        ]]]];

function iterateMaze(cells,pos,stack=[],rs=rs) =
    let(unvisited = getRandomUnvisitedNeighbor(cells,pos,rs[0]))
    unvisited != undef ?
        iterateMaze(visit(cells, pos, unvisited), move(pos,unvisited), concat([pos], stack), rs=tail(rs)) :
    len(stack) > 0 ?
        iterateMaze(cells,stack[0],tail(stack), rs=tail(rs)) :
    cells;

function baseMaze(pos) =
    [ for(x=[0:horizontalCells-1]) [ for(y=[0:verticalCells-1])
        [ [x,y] == pos,
        [for (i=[0:len(directions)-1])
            inside(move([x,y],i))] ] ] ];

function walled(cells,pos,dir) =
    cells[pos[0]][pos[1]][1][dir];

function countUnvisitedNeighborsWalled(cells,pos,count=0, dir=0) = dir >= len(directions) ?
        count :
        countUnvisitedNeighborsWalled(cells, pos, count = count + ((walled(cells,pos,dir) || visited(cells,move(pos,dir)))?0:1), dir = dir+1);
function getNthUnvisitedNeighborWalled(cells,pos,count,dir=0) =
    (walled(cells,pos,dir) || visited(cells,move(pos,dir))) ?
        getNthUnvisitedNeighborWalled(cells,pos,count,dir=dir+1) :
    count == 0 ? dir :
        getNthUnvisitedNeighborWalled(cells,pos,count-1,dir=dir+1);

function revisit(maze,pos) =
    [ for(x=[0:horizontalCells-1]) [ for(y=[0:verticalCells-1])
        [ [x,y] == pos,
          maze[x][y][1] ] ] ];

function getLongest(options,pos=0,best=[]) =
        len(options)<=pos ? best :
    getLongest(options,pos=pos+1,best=    best[0]>=options[pos][0] ? best : options[pos]);

function furthest(maze,pos,length=1)
    = let(n=countUnvisitedNeighborsWalled(maze,pos))
      n == 0 ? [length,pos] :
      getLongest([for (i=[0:n-1])
         let(dir=getNthUnvisitedNeighborWalled(maze,pos,i))
         furthest(visit(maze,pos,dir),move(pos,dir),length=length+1)]);

module renderWall(dir,spacing) {
   if (dir<=1) translate([spacing/2, 0, innerWallHeight/2]) cube([innerWallThickness, spacing, innerWallHeight], center = true);
   if (dir>=2) translate([ 0,-spacing/2, innerWallHeight/2]) cube([spacing, innerWallThickness, innerWallHeight], center = true);
}

module renderInside(maze,spacing=10) {
   translate(spacing*[0.5,0.5])
   for (x=[0:len(maze)-1])
       for(y=[0:len(maze[0])-1]) {
           translate([x,y,0]*spacing)
               for(i=[1:2])
                   if (maze[x][y][1][i]) renderWall(i,spacing);
       }
}

module renderOutside(offset, spacing=10) {
    for(wall=wallCoordinates) {
        hull() {
            for(i=[0:1])
            translate([(0.5+wall[i][0])*spacing*horizontalCells+offset*sign(wall[i][0]),(0.5+wall[i][1])*spacing*verticalCells+offset*sign(wall[i][1])]) children();
        }
    }
}

module innerWall() {
    linear_extrude(height=innerWallHeight) circle(d=innerWallThickness, center=true);
}

module mazeBox(h) {
    linear_extrude(height=h) hull() renderOutside(max(0,(outerWallThickness-innerWallThickness)/2),spacing=cellSize) circle(d=outerWallThickness);
}

module holeStart(x,y) {
        holeSize=cellSize-innerWallThickness;
        translate([(x+0.5)*cellSize,(y+0.5)*cellSize,baseThickness+1])
          cylinder(h=outerWallHeight+innerWallHeight+100,d=holeSize,$fn=32);
}

module holeEnd(x,y) {
        holeSize=cellSize-innerWallThickness-nudge;
        translate([(x+0.5)*cellSize,(y+0.5)*cellSize,baseThickness + 101]) {
          cube(size = [holeSize, holeSize, 200],center=true);
        }
}

module smallHole(x,y) {
        translate([(x+0.5)*cellSize,(y+0.5)*cellSize,baseThickness+1]) cylinder(h=100,d=holeSize,$fn=16);
}

module maze() {
    maze = iterateMaze(baseMaze([0,0]), [0,0]);
        union() {
            translate([0,0,baseThickness]) {
                renderInside(maze, spacing=cellSize);
            renderOutside(max(0,(outerWallThickness-innerWallThickness)/2),spacing=cellSize) cylinder(d=outerWallThickness,h=outerWallHeight);
            }

            if(baseThickness>0)
                mazeBox(baseThickness+nudge);
                translate([(horizontalCells+1) * cellSize,0,-50])
                difference() {
              translate([0,0,50]) mazeBox(baseThickness+nudge);
                  options =
                      [for (pos=[[0,0],[horizontalCells-1,0],[horizontalCells-1,verticalCells-1],[0,verticalCells-1]])
                          concat(furthest(revisit(maze,pos),pos), [pos]) ];
                  f = getLongest(options);
                  start = f[2];
                  end = f[1];
                  holeStart(start[0],start[1]);
                  holeEnd(end[0],end[1]);
                  for (x=[0:horizontalCells-1]) {
                    for (y=[0:verticalCells-1]) {
                      smallHole(x,y);
                    }
                  }
            }
        }
    }

maze();

```


[User]
I'm looking for a parametric OpenSCAD design for a phone/tablet stand. I'd like it to be based on a simple three-plane design, like an easel, with a base, a back, and a face, all joined together at angles. It should have a ledge on the face to hold the device.

Here's what I'm thinking in terms of parameters:

*   **Overall Dimensions:**
    *   `stand_width`: The overall width of the stand.
    *   `base_length`: The length of the base.
    *   `back_length`: The length of the back piece.
    *   `face_length`: The length of the face piece.
*   **Thickness:**
    *   `thick`:  A universal thickness for the base, back, and face pieces.
*   **Angles:**
    *   `back_angle`: The angle of the back piece relative to the base, where 0 is flat against the base and 90 is vertical.
    *   `face_angle`:  The angle of the face piece relative to the back piece, where 0 is horizontal and -90 is vertical hanging down.
*   **Ledge:**
    *   `ledge`: The depth of the ledge (how far it sticks out from the face).  This should be at least as thick as any device that could go there.
    *   `ledge_gap_length`:  The length of an opening in the ledge.  Setting this to 0 would mean no opening.
    *   `ledge_gap_offset`:  The position of the gap along the width of the ledge - positive values move it to the left, negative to the right of center.
    *   `ledge_edge_slot_length`: The length of a notch on the end of the ledge, for accommodating things like headphone plugs, etc.  0 for no notch, positive for left side, negative for right side.
    *  `ledge_edge_slot_width`: The width of that notch on the end of the ledge.
    *  `ledge_edge_slot_pos`: The position of the notch on the ledge itself - 1 for the back of the ledge, 0 for the center, and -1 for the front.
*   **Arch Openings:**
    *  `arch_width`: The width of an arch-shaped opening in the back and face pieces. This must be less than the `stand_width`.
    *   `arch_height`: The height of that arch-shaped opening.  It should be equal to or greater than `arch_width`.
*   **Fillets:**
    * `fillet`: A parameter that controls the internal rounding between the joined planes. Let's say 1 is minimum, 2 is light, 3 is medium, 4 is heavy, and 5 is maximum.

I'd like the design to also include a lip at the front of the ledge to help hold the device. Let's call that `lip` and I'll give it a value.

I also need to be able to switch between a "viewing" orientation and a "printing" orientation - so a `orientation` variable that's 1 for viewing and 0 for printing.

Could you generate the OpenSCAD file(s) for this, please? I'm not asking for any specific libraries to be included.

[Assistant]
stand_v2.scad:
```
// OpenSCAD file to create custom sized/configured phone or tablet stand.
//
// preview[view:south east, tilt:top diagonal]
//
// Created May 29th, 2018 by Allan M. Estes
// First upload to Thingiverse Feb. 16th, 2019
//
// to do:
//   allow interior corner fillets to be scalled
//
// Last modified Feb. 16th, 2019

orientation = 1; // [1:for viewing,0:for printing]
// - how thick the base, back and face will be.
thick = 4;
// - overall width of stand.
stand_width  = 50;
// (base dimensions are width x base_length x thick)
base_length  = 63;  // outside measure
// (back dimensions are width x back_length x thick)
back_length = 67;  // back outside measure
// - zero degrees is folded flat against base, ninety is vertical.
back_angle  = 62;  // [1:179]
// (face/front dimensions are width x face_length x thick)
face_length  = 53;  // face outside measure
// - zero degrees is horizontal, negative ninety is hanging vertically.
face_angle  = -68;  // [-90:0]

// - device rests on ledge, it should equal or excced device thickness
ledge = 7;  // inside measure
// - creates opening in ledge (for charge cable, etc.), 0 to disable
ledge_gap_length = 22;
// - gap position: >0 moves gap left of stand center, <0 moves right
ledge_gap_offset = 0;

// - size of notch at end/edge of ledge (headphone plug, speaker, etc.), 0 for none, >0 on left end, <0 on right end
ledge_edge_slot_length = 9;
ledge_edge_slot_width = 3.5;
ledge_edge_slot_pos = 0;    // [1:back of ledge,0:center of ledge,-1:front_of ledge]

// - opening in back and face (depending on angles and sizes) of stand
arch_width  = 22;        // must be narrower than width
arch_height = 33;       // must be larger than or equal to arch_width

// - internal fill at bends.
fillet = 2; // [1:minumum, 2:light, 3:medium, 4:heavy, 5:maximum]

module dummy(x) {
}

$fn=24;

lip = 2.5;  //outside measure

ledge_thick = thick * .75;
ledge_edge_slot_pct = min(ledge,ledge_edge_slot_width)/ledge;

width = stand_width;
base  = base_length-thick*1.5;
back = back_length-thick*2;
face  = face_length-thick-ledge_thick/2;

base_back_angle = back_angle;
back_face_angle =  180+face_angle-back_angle;

orient_x   = orientation ? width/2 : -base/2;
orient_y   = orientation ? base_length/2 : -sin(back_angle)*back_length/2;
orient_rot = orientation ? 90 : 0;

//  Start of Code...

module fold(angle,radius,hgt) {
foo = min(angle,90)/90 * fillet;
thy = radius*foo/sin(angle/2);
hy = radius*foo*1.1/sin(angle/2);
hi = radius*foo*1.1*cos(angle/2);
ry = radius*1.1/sin(angle/2);
ri = radius*1.1*cos(angle/2);
x = hi/tan(angle/2);
    // fillet
    difference(){
        translate([(thy-hy),0,0]) linear_extrude(height=hgt) polygon([[0,0],[x,hi],[hy,0],[x,-hi]]);

        translate([thy,0,-.1])
        cylinder(r=radius*foo,h=hgt+.2);
    }
    // rounding
    difference(){
        cylinder(r=radius,h=hgt);
        translate([0,0,-.1]) linear_extrude(height=hgt+.2) polygon([[0,0],[ri,ry],[ry,ry],[ry,-ry],[ri,-ry]]);
    }
}

module ledge_slots() {
    if (ledge_gap_length>0) translate([thick,-.1,width/2+ledge_gap_offset-ledge_gap_length/2])
    cube([ledge+thick,lip*4+.1,ledge_gap_length]);

    if (ledge_edge_slot_length>0) translate([ledge/2+thick+((1-ledge_edge_slot_pct)*ledge/2*ledge_edge_slot_pos),-.1,width-ledge_edge_slot_length/2]) {
        rotate([-90,90,0])
        cylinder(d=ledge*ledge_edge_slot_pct,h=ledge_thick+.2);
        translate([-ledge/2*ledge_edge_slot_pct,0,0])
        cube([ledge*ledge_edge_slot_pct,ledge_thick+.2,ledge_edge_slot_length]);
    }

    if (ledge_edge_slot_length<0) translate([ledge/2+thick+((ledge_edge_slot_pct)*ledge/2*ledge_edge_slot_pos),-.1,-ledge_edge_slot_length-ledge/2]) {
        rotate([-90,90,0])
        cylinder(d=ledge*ledge_edge_slot_pct,h=ledge_thick+.2);
        translate([-ledge/2*ledge_edge_slot_pct,0,ledge_edge_slot_length])
        cube([ledge*ledge_edge_slot_pct,ledge_thick+.2,-ledge_edge_slot_length]);
    }
}

translate([orient_x,orient_y,0]) rotate([orient_rot,0,-orient_rot])  // position for display or printing
difference() {
    union() {
        //base/back rounding&fillet
        translate([0,thick,0]) rotate(base_back_angle/2,0,0) fold(base_back_angle,thick,width);
        //base front rounding
        translate([base,thick/2,0])
        cylinder(d=thick,h=width);
        //base
        cube([base,thick,width]);

        translate([0,thick,0]) rotate([0,0,base_back_angle-90]) {
            //back
            translate([-thick,0,0]) cube([thick,back,width]);

            translate([0,back,0]) rotate([0,0,back_face_angle]) translate([0,-face,0]) {
                //face/back rounding&fillet
                translate([0,face,0]) rotate([0,0,-90-back_face_angle/2]) fold(back_face_angle,thick,width);
                //face
                cube([thick,face,width]);

                translate([0,-ledge_thick/2,0]) difference() { // ledge w/holes) & lip
                    union() {
                        translate([ledge_thick/2,0,0]) {
                            //ledge
                            cube([ledge+thick,ledge_thick,width]);
                            //face+ledge rounding
                            translate([0,ledge_thick/2,0])
                            cylinder(d=ledge_thick,h=width);
                        }
                        translate([ledge+thick+ledge_thick/2,ledge_thick/2,0]){
                            //lip
                            translate([-ledge_thick/2,0,0])
                            cube([ledge_thick,lip+(ledge_thick/2),width]);
                            //ledge+lip rounding
                            cylinder(d=ledge_thick,h=width);
                            //lip rounding
                            translate([0,lip+(ledge_thick/2),0])
                            cylinder(d=ledge_thick,h=width);
                        }
                    }
                    ledge_slots();
                }
            }
        }
    }
    //through hole
    translate([-base,thick+.01,(width-arch_width)/2])
    union(){
        cube([base*2.5,arch_height-arch_width/2,arch_width]);
        translate([0,arch_height-arch_width/2,arch_width/2])
        rotate([0,90,0])
        cylinder(d=arch_width,h=base*2.5);
    }
}
```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to get a parametric design for a game case holder, something I can 3D print. I've seen some designs out there but want something I can adjust myself.

Basically, I need a holder that can stack game cases, and I'd like to be able to specify how many slots I need, as well as the type of game case, which changes the slot width. I want to be able to pick between Nintendo Switch, PS4, and Xbox One game cases. I would also like to be able to change the height and length of the slots.

The basic design should be a simple slot with a base, a front wall and then a slanted top. Each slot should be connected with some kind of base.

I'd like the design to be done in OpenSCAD and should be parametric (I understand how to use the customizer). So, for example, I need to be able to change the following parameters:

*   `slots`: The number of game slots in the holder.
*   `box`: The type of game case ("Switch", "PS4", or "Xbox").
*   `thick`: The thickness of the walls/base.
*  `height`: The height of the slot.
* `length`: The length of the slot.
*  `y`: The length of the slanted top.

Could you please create this for me? I don't think I need any external libraries, but I'm not sure.

[Assistant]
Switch-PS4-Xbox_Game_Slots_V.2.scad:
```
slots = 12;
box = "Switch";
//box = "PS4";
//box = "XBox";

thick = 1.5;
height = 56.6;
length = 51.625;
y=100;

if (box=="Switch") Make_Holder(11.5);
else if (box=="PS4") Make_Holder(15.3);
else if (box=="XBox")Make_Holder(16);

module Game_Slot (width) {
    difference() {
        cube([length+thick,width+thick*2,height+thick]);
        translate ([thick,thick,thick]) cube ([length,width,height]);
        translate([0,0,height+thick])rotate ([0,45,0])cube([y+thick,width+thick*2,y]);
    }
}

module Make_Holder(width) {
    for(x = [0:1:slots-1]) {
        translate ([0,width*x+thick*x,0])Game_Slot(width);
    }
    }

//Designed by Cyberandrew03, https://www.thingiverse.com/Cyberandrew03/about
```


[User]
I need an OpenSCAD design for a parametric potentiometer knob, specifically for a D-shaped shaft. I'd like to be able to adjust several key dimensions.

Here's what I need the design to handle:

*   **Overall dimensions:** The knob will have a base and a handle portion. I'll need to control the overall diameter of the base, the height of the base, and the diameter of the handle, and the height of the handle.
*   **Shaft hole:** The hole for the potentiometer shaft needs to accommodate a D-shaped shaft. I need to specify the diameter of the circular part of the shaft and the diameter across the "flat" of the D.
*   **Indicator:** I need a visual indicator on the knob's base. This should be a small rectangular protrusion, and its position needs to be controllable as an angle relative to the flat part of the shaft hole.
*   **Wall thickness:** I need to define a minimum wall thickness for the plastic parts to ensure structural integrity.
*   **Knurling:** I would like an optional knurled texture for the handle, and I would prefer the library knurledFinishLib_v2.scad for the implementation of that texture.
*   **File Structure**: I expect all code, except for the knurledFinishLib library, to be generated in this response, and that the knurledFinishLib.scad library will be included via `use <knurledFinishLib_v2.scad>`.

It would be great if I could specify all of these parameters as variables at the beginning of the file. I think that should be all. Thanks!

[Assistant]
knob.scad:
```
// preview[view:northwest, tilt:bottomdiagonal]

/* [default values for el-cheapo hotpoint gas dryer timer potentiometer knob] */

// min width of the plastic walls.
clf_wall = 2; // plastic walls are 2mm

clf_shaft_diameter = 6.3; // the larger diameter of the potentiometer shaft
clf_shaft_notch_diameter = 5.0; // the diameter measuring 90degrees on the shaft notch (if it is a D shaped shaft. enter the same as above if not)
// height does not matter much for the male part, as it will pass trhu the whole part. So just enter a good height so that it reaches the latch on the bottom.
clf_partHeight = 35;
clf_diameter = 55;
clf_handle_height = 30;
clf_handle_diameter = 40;
clf_indicator_angle_from_notch = 0; // 0 if indicator faces notch, 180 if it faces away and so on.

use <knurledFinishLib_v2.scad>
clf_main();
module clf_main(){
	// body - hole
	difference(){
		// handle + rest of body
		union(){
			// regular handle
			cylinder( h=clf_partHeight, r=clf_handle_diameter/2);
			// knurled handle (requires https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:32122 )
			//knurl(k_cyl_hg=clf_partHeight, k_cyl_od=clf_handle_diameter, e_smooth=clf_wall*3);
			//knurled_cyl( clf_partHeight, clf_handle_diameter, 2, 2, 2, true, 10 );
			difference(){
				// base
				base_height=clf_partHeight-clf_handle_height;
				cylinder( h=base_height, r=clf_diameter/2);
				// notch
				color("green") rotate(clf_indicator_angle_from_notch) translate([0,(clf_diameter/2)-(clf_wall*2),base_height])
					cube( clf_wall*2, center=true);
			}

		}
		// the hole
		color("red") translate([0,0,-clf_wall])
		union(){
			// the hole is a cylinder with a notch removed from it
			difference(){
				// the main hole format
				union(){
					cylinder( h=clf_partHeight, r=clf_shaft_diameter/2 );
				}
				// the D shape "removed" from the hole
				union(){
					cs1=clf_shaft_diameter - clf_shaft_notch_diameter;
					color("green") translate( [ -clf_shaft_diameter/2, (clf_shaft_diameter/2)-cs1, 0] )
					cube( [clf_shaft_diameter, cs1, clf_partHeight], center=false);
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

```


[User]
I'm looking to design a customizable box for use in the shower, something that can hold shampoo bottles and other shower items. I'd like it to be designed in OpenSCAD so that I can easily adjust the dimensions later.

Here are the key features I need:

*   **Zip-tie assembly:** The box should be designed to be assembled using zip-ties, not screws or glue. This means there should be holes or slots in the design for threading zip ties.
*   **Drainage hole:** It needs a hole in the bottom to allow water to drain out so it doesn't pool inside the box.
*   **Parametric design:** I'd like to be able to adjust the overall size of the box (width, depth, and height) as well as the material thickness, zip tie hole size, and drainage hole size through variables.
*   **Wall mounting:** The design will need some kind of flat back surface or mounting points so that I can attach it to the shower wall using Tesa Powerstrips (or similar). The mounting surface doesn't need any specific design for the Tesa strips, but just a relatively flat area. I'd prefer not to deal with complex mounting brackets, just simple attachment points.

I'm not very experienced with OpenSCAD myself, but I've seen the BOSL library used in other designs, and it seems helpful for creating more complex designs. Could you generate the required `.scad` file(s) using the BOSL2 library for any advanced operations? I think that might be more maintainable long term.

[Assistant]
empty.scad:
```
union();
```


[User]
Hey! I'm looking to get a bike light adapter designed. I have a Cygolite Hotshot Pro bike light and a Topeak Explorer rack, and I want to mount the light to the rack. I have an existing design I can share, but I'd like something parametric so I can easily tweak it to fit other racks.

The basic idea is to have a plate that screws into the rack, and a bracket that holds the light. The plate has two screw holes, and it should be pretty customizable in terms of their separation so I can make it work with different racks. The bracket will need a tongue that holds the light and a base for mounting to the plate. There should also be a "release" feature that allows me to easily slide the light into the bracket, and keeps it from falling out.

Here's what I've got as a starting point, it's the SCAD file and some notes from the thingiverse page:

```
/*

Adapter for bike light to rack
Gian Pablo Villamil
May 30, 2011

*/

// TODO: Print again, testing the -1.5 change in release dimple.

bracket_height = 20.3;
tongue_width = 17;
tongue_thickness = 3;
base_width = 12.5;
base_thickness = 2.5;
side_thickness = 2.5;

plate_thickness = 3;
plate_width = 100;
plate_height = 20.3;

hole_dia = 5.8 ;
hole_sep = 50 ;

module plate() {
	difference() {
		union() {
			cube(size= [hole_sep, plate_thickness, plate_height], center = true);
			translate ([hole_sep/2,0,0]) rotate (a = 90, v = [1,0,0])
				cylinder(h = plate_thickness, r = plate_height/2, center = true);
			translate ([-hole_sep/2,0,0]) rotate (a = 90, v = [1,0,0])
				cylinder(h = plate_thickness, r = plate_height/2, center = true);
			translate ([hole_sep/2+plate_height/4,0,-plate_height/4])
				cube(size = [plate_height/2,plate_thickness,plate_height/2],center = true);
			translate ([-hole_sep/2+plate_height/4,0,-plate_height/4])
				cube(size = [plate_height/2,plate_thickness,plate_height/2],center = true);

		}
		translate ([hole_sep/2,0,0]) rotate (a = 90, v = [1,0,0])
			cylinder(h = plate_thickness+2, r = hole_dia/2, center = true);
		translate ([-hole_sep/2,0,0]) rotate (a = 90, v = [1,0,0])
			cylinder(h = plate_thickness+2, r = hole_dia/2, center = true);
	};
};

module bracket() {
	difference(){
		translate([-(tongue_width+(side_thickness *2))/2,0,0])
		cube(size = [tongue_width+(side_thickness * 2),plate_thickness+tongue_thickness+base_thickness, bracket_height], center = false);
		translate([-tongue_width/2,2.5,0])
		cube(size = [tongue_width, tongue_thickness, bracket_height], center=false);
		translate([-base_width/2,0,0])
		cube(size = [base_width, base_thickness, bracket_height], center=false);
	};
};

module release() {
	union() {
		translate([-3.5,-plate_thickness/2,0])
		#cube(size = [7, plate_thickness, 10], center = false);
		translate([0,-1.5,8.33]) rotate(a = 45, v = [1,0,0])
		cube(size = [4,2,2], center = true);
		translate([0,plate_thickness/2,12]) rotate(a = 90, v = [1,0,0])
		cylinder(h = plate_thickness, r = 6);
	};
}

union() {
plate();
translate([0,-7,-plate_height/2])
bracket();}
translate([0,0,10])
release();
```

This is a remix of this [thing](https://www.thingiverse.com/thing:8947) made specifically for the [Cygolite Hotshot Pro](https://cygolite.com/product/hotshot-pro-150-usb/) bike light.

There are two files available for download:

1. [
`.scad` file](https://www.thingiverse.com/download:6085412): This is the OpenSCAD model you can use to further customize this thing. Do this in OpenSCAD or using the Thingiverse Customizer link near the top of this page. **NOTE**: You only need to modify the `Hole Sep` setting (near the bottom of the Customizer Form) if you want to change how wide the screw holes are.
2. [`.stl file`](https://www.thingiverse.com/download:6085413): This file was generated using the OpenSCAD model above. It is ready to be used with the Cygolite HotShot Pro bike light and had a screw hole distance of 50mm which is compatible with a [Topeak Explorer](https://www.topeak.com/global/en/products/mtb-&-700c-touring-racks/916-uni-explorer-(non-disc)) series bike racks.

*BEWARE*: The Cygolite Hotshot is not completely waterproof and mounting the light on the back of a bike-rack is a prime location for contact with water!

I think the main things I'd like to be able to adjust are:
*   The distance between the screw holes (hole_sep).
*   The size of the screw holes (hole_dia).
*  The height of the bracket (bracket_height)
*   The thickness of the tongue that the light slides into (tongue_thickness).
*   The width of that tongue (tongue_width).
*   The thickness of the base that mounts to the plate (base_thickness).
*   The width of that base (base_width).
*   The plate thickness (plate_thickness).
*   The plate height (plate_height)

I would prefer the model to be designed using modules. I don't need any fancy libraries, just the basic OpenSCAD features. Could you help me generate a new OpenSCAD file for this? Thanks!

[Assistant]
cygolite_hotshot_pro_bike_light_adapter.scad:
```
/*

Adapter for bike light to rack
Gian Pablo Villamil
May 30, 2011

*/

// TODO: Print again, testing the -1.5 change in release dimple.

bracket_height = 20.3;
tongue_width = 17;
tongue_thickness = 3;
base_width = 12.5;
base_thickness = 2.5;
side_thickness = 2.5;

plate_thickness = 3;
plate_width = 100;
plate_height = 20.3;

hole_dia = 5.8 ;
hole_sep = 50 ;

module plate() {
	difference() {
		union() {
			cube(size= [hole_sep, plate_thickness, plate_height], center = true);
			translate ([hole_sep/2,0,0]) rotate (a = 90, v = [1,0,0])
				cylinder(h = plate_thickness, r = plate_height/2, center = true);
			translate ([-hole_sep/2,0,0]) rotate (a = 90, v = [1,0,0])
				cylinder(h = plate_thickness, r = plate_height/2, center = true);
			translate ([hole_sep/2+plate_height/4,0,-plate_height/4])
				cube(size = [plate_height/2,plate_thickness,plate_height/2],center = true);
			translate ([-(hole_sep/2+plate_height/4),0,-plate_height/4])
				cube(size = [plate_height/2,plate_thickness,plate_height/2],center = true);

		}
		translate ([hole_sep/2,0,0]) rotate (a = 90, v = [1,0,0])
			cylinder(h = plate_thickness+2, r = hole_dia/2, center = true);
		translate ([-hole_sep/2,0,0]) rotate (a = 90, v = [1,0,0])
			cylinder(h = plate_thickness+2, r = hole_dia/2, center = true);
	};
};

module bracket() {
	difference(){
		translate([-(tongue_width+(side_thickness *2))/2,0,0])
		cube(size = [tongue_width+(side_thickness * 2),plate_thickness+tongue_thickness+base_thickness, bracket_height], center = false);
		translate([-tongue_width/2,2.5,0])
		cube(size = [tongue_width, tongue_thickness, bracket_height], center=false);
		translate([-base_width/2,0,0])
		cube(size = [base_width, base_thickness, bracket_height], center=false);
	};
};

module release() {
	union() {
		translate([-3.5,-plate_thickness/2,0])
		#cube(size = [7, plate_thickness, 10], center = false);
		translate([0,-1.5,8.33]) rotate(a = 45, v = [1,0,0])
		cube(size = [4,2,2], center = true);
		translate([0,plate_thickness/2,12]) rotate(a = 90, v = [1,0,0])
		cylinder(h = plate_thickness, r = 6);
	};
}

union() {
plate();
translate([0,-7,-plate_height/2])
bracket();}
translate([0,0,10])
release();

```


[User]
Hi! I'm looking to create a clock design using old, empty filament spools, and I'd like to generate the necessary OpenSCAD files.  I've seen some designs where the clock face itself attaches to the spool, so I'd like to incorporate that as well as a housing for the clock mechanism, and parts to diffuse a light behind it. I have some basic ideas on how the parts should fit together, and I would like the design to be parametric, allowing me to adjust the dimensions to fit various spool sizes.

Here's a breakdown of the parts I envision and their key parameters:

*   **Clock Face:** This is the main dial of the clock. It should be a flat disc, designed to be mounted to the filament spool. It will have markings for the hours and minutes, similar to a standard analog clock.

    *   **Parameters:**
        *   `diameter`: The overall diameter of the clock face. This should be adjustable to accommodate different spool sizes.
        *   `thickness`: The thickness of the clock face. Let's start with 2mm for this one.

*   **Clockwork Bracket:** This part will hold the actual clock mechanism. I'm thinking it would be a cylinder that fits inside the center of the spool, with a flange to screw it to the clock face.

    *   **Parameters:**
        *  `core_inner`: The inner diameter of the cylinder, this needs to fit snugly onto the spool.
        * `clockwork_size`: The size of the clock mechanism itself, likely a square or circular shape that the clock movement will sit behind. This will also be the size of the mounting flange for the clock face.
        *  `height` : The height of the cylindrical body (let's start with 14mm).

*   **Diffusor Bracket:** A mounting bracket that sits in front of the clock face to hold the diffusor panel away from the clock face to accommodate an LED strip. This will rest on the outside of the spool.

    *   **Parameters:**
        *   `diameter`: Overall diameter of the bracket. This should be linked to the clock face diameter.
        *   `core_outer`: the internal diameter that fits over the central core of the filament spool
        *   `thickness`: The thickness of the bracket. We can start at 4mm.
        *   `inset_diameter`: the diameter of the recess to hold the diffusor panel. Should be a bit smaller than the overall diameter.

*   **Diffusor Panel:** A thin, curved panel made from translucent material that sits on the diffuser bracket to disperse the light. Should sit on the diffuser bracket with a little overlap.

    *   **Parameters:**
        *   `spool_width`:  The width of the spool.
        *   `diameter`:  The overall diameter of the clock.
        *   `thickness`: Thickness of the panel, let's start with 0.21mm

*   **Diffusor Seam:** This is the part to hold the edges of the diffusor panel together.

    *   **Parameters:**
    * `spool_width`: Width of the spool that the seam sits in.
    * `width` The width of the seam itself, start at 5 mm.
    *  `thickness` The thickness of the seam, start at 2mm.

*    **Diffusor Seam with Cable Hole:** Same as the Diffusor Seam but with an extra hole to allow an led strip cable to pass through.

    *    **Parameters:**
         *    All from *Diffusor Seam*
         *    `cable_hole_width`: width of the cable hole, start at 9mm.
         *    `cable_hole_thickness`: thickness of the cable hole, start at 2mm.
         * `cable_hole_inset` The inset of the hole, start at -2mm.

I'd like to be able to easily adjust all these parameters using OpenSCAD's customizer. Could you generate these files for me? I'm not sure what libraries would be useful, so I will leave that up to you.

[Assistant]
Customizer.scad:
```
part = "2"; // [1: Clock Face, 2:Clockwork Bracket, 3:Diffusor Bracket, 4:Diffusor Panel, 5:Diffusor Seam, 6: Diffusor Seam with cable hole]

//in mm
diameter = 200; // [150:300]

//hole diameter in mm
core_inner = 95; // [50:150]

//diameter in mm (The surface that the Filament sits on)
core_outer = 100; // [82:152]

//in mm (Measure only the slot, not the walls of the spool!)
spool_width = 62; // [40:100]

//in mm
clockwork_size = 56; // [30:80]

print_part();

module print_part(){

    if (part == "1") {
        clockface();
    }
    else if (part == "2") {
        clockwork();
    }
    else if (part == "3") {
        diff_bracket();
    }
    else if (part == "4") {
        diff_panel();
    }
    else if (part == "5") {
        diff_seam();
    }
    else if (part == "6") {
        diff_seam_02();
    }
    }

module clockface() {

union() {

difference()   {
    $fn = 100;
    cylinder(2,d = diameter- 1, d = diameter-1);

    translate([0,0,-0.5])cylinder(3, d = diameter - 10, d = diameter-10);

               }

for (i = [1:60]) {
    rotate(a = i * 6, v = [0, 0, 1])translate([-1, diameter/2-10 , 0]) cube([2,6,2]);
                 }

for (i = [1:12])  {
    rotate(a = i * 360/12, v = [0, 0, 1])translate([-2, diameter/2-13 , 0]) cube([4,9,2]);
                 }
       }}

module clockwork() {

union() {

difference() {

$fn = 150;

cylinder(14, d = core_inner, d = core_inner);

translate ([0, 0, 2]) cylinder(14, d = core_inner- 4, d = core_inner - 4);

difference() {
    translate([0, 0, -2]) cylinder(15, 15, 15);

    }}

difference() {
    translate([-(clockwork_size+5)/2,-(clockwork_size+5)/2,0]) cube(size = [clockwork_size+5,clockwork_size+5,12]);
    translate([-(clockwork_size+2)/2,-(clockwork_size+2)/2,2]) cube([clockwork_size+2,clockwork_size+2,20]);

$fn = 150;

difference() {
    translate([0, 0, -2]) cylinder(15, 15, 15);
            }}}}

module diff_bracket() {

difference() {

intersection() {
    translate([1,1,0]) cube([diameter,diameter,diameter]);

    difference() {
        $fn = 200;
        difference() {
            cylinder(4, d = diameter-4, d = diameter-4);
            translate ([0,0,1]) cylinder(4.1, d = diameter-6, d =   diameter-6);
            }
        translate([0,0,-1]) cylinder(5, d =  core_outer+0.5 , d = core_outer+0.5);
        }}

intersection() {
        translate([15,15,-1]) cube([diameter, diameter, diameter]);
        $fn = 100;
    difference() {
        translate([0,0,-1])cylinder(diameter+2, d = diameter-30, d = diameter-30);
    difference() {
        translate([0,0,-1]) cylinder( diameter+2, d = core_outer+30, d = core_outer+30);

    }}}}}

module diff_panel() {

cube(size = [spool_width-1, diameter* 3.1415/4-4, 0.21]);

                    }

module diff_seam() {

cube([spool_width, 5, 2]);

                   }

module diff_seam_02() {

difference() {

union() {

cube([spool_width, 5, 2]);

translate([0,-2,0]) cube([9, 9, 2]);

        }

translate([-0.01,0,-2])cube([6,5,10]);
            }}
```


[User]
I'd like to create a parametric temperature tower for 3D printing, similar to the one described in the text.  I want to be able to adjust the base temperature, the number of temperature steps, and the material type. The tower should have a series of steps, each representing a different temperature.  Each step should be 10mm high, and I need it to be parametric, so I can change all the parameters I mentioned and re-render the tower.

The steps themselves should be constructed from a hollow hull, essentially several cylinders. There should also be a cut-out on each step with a temperature value and material label on each step. The text and labels should be clearly visible on the exterior of each step. I'd like the ability to choose whether the temperature steps ascend or descend. I'd like the temperature to increment by 5 degree increments. I want the temperature order to be an integer; 0 for descending and 1 for ascending.

I think that should cover the basics. Can you generate the necessary OpenSCAD files for this? I'm not concerned about libraries so long as the necessary modules/functions are included, and please do not use any libraries beyond those required.

[Assistant]
tower.scad:
```
// extruder_temp_tower.scad
// Parametric Extruder Temp Tower
// Author: Tony Z. Tonchev, Michigan (USA)
// last update: February 2019

// Base Temperature - Celsius
Base_Temperature = 200; //

// Number of Steps (5 Deg. increments above base)
Number_of_Steps = 5; //

// Material Identification (4 char. MAX)
Material = "PLA";

// Ascending/Descending
Temperature_Order = 0; //[0:Descending - Base temp on bottom, 1:Ascending - Base temp on top]

/* [Hidden] */

TZT_B=Base_Temperature;
TZT_S=Number_of_Steps;
TZT_M=Material;
TZT_H=Temperature_Order;

$fn=60;

for (i=[1:TZT_S])
    translate ([0,0,10*i-10])
        if (TZT_H==0) {
            TZT_step ([25,TZT_B-5+5*i]);
        } else {
            TZT_step ([25,TZT_B+5*TZT_S-5*i]);
        }

module TZT_step (TZT) {
    difference () {
        hull () {
            for (i=[-1:2:1])
                translate ([i*TZT[0],0,1]) {
                cylinder (9,5,5);
                cylinder (2,4,4,true);
            }
        }
        translate ([-TZT[0]/4,0,5])
            cube ([TZT[0],12,8],true);
        translate ([-TZT[0]-7,0,.5])
            rotate ([90,0,0])
            cylinder (11,9,9,true);
        rotate ([30,0,0])
            translate ([TZT[0]*0.65,9,.3])
            cube ([TZT[0]*0.7,8,10],true);
    }
    cylinder (8,2,.2);
    translate ([-TZT[0]/2,0,0]) cylinder (8,2,.2);
    translate ([TZT[0]-2,3,1])
        rotate ([-120,180,0])
        linear_extrude (2.5)
        text (str (TZT[1]), size=5.5);
    translate ([TZT[0]*.3,-3,2.5])
        rotate ([90,0,0])
        linear_extrude (2.4)
        text (TZT_M, size=5.5);
}
```


[User]
Hi, I'm looking to create a custom insert for my Bosch Custom Case System, specifically to hold drill and driver bits. I have some specific requirements for the dimensions and features, and I'd like to make it parametric so I can adjust it later.

Here's a breakdown of what I need:

**Overall Holder:**

*   **Shape:** The main body should be a rectangular cube.
*   **Dimensions:** I need to control the length, width, and height of this cube.
*   **Tab:** It needs a tab on one end to interface with the Bosch system. The tab should have its own height, width, and length parameters. This tab will need a chamfer to allow it to slide in.
*   **Lock:** On the opposite end from the tab, there should be a lock feature. This will have its own length, width, and height, plus a rectangular cutout to engage the case. I need parameters for all those lock dimensions.
*   **Bit Slots:** The holder needs to have multiple slots to hold bits. I need to be able to control the number of slots. The slots should be evenly spaced along the length of the holder.

**Bit Slots:**

*   **Bit Hole Shape:** Each slot should have two holes: one angled cylindrical hole for the points and an offset rectangular hole to support the bit flats.
*   **Bit Hole Dimensions:** I need parameters for the diameters of the cylindrical holes and for the size of the rectangular holes. Both holes will need their own offsets.
*   **Bit Keepers:** Each slot needs small cylinders protruding to hold the bits in place. I need to control the diameter and length of these bit keepers. These also need an offset to position them.

**Other:**

*   I need to be able to easily adjust the number of bit slots.
*   It should use a fudge factor to account for manufacturing tolerances.
*   I want to specify the bit dimensions in inches and have them converted to mm using a conversion factor, so I'll need to declare those as well.

I'm imagining that this will be designed in OpenSCAD. I don't need you to use any external libraries, but it would be helpful if the code is clearly commented and uses variables where appropriate, so I can tweak it without digging too deep. I'm thinking that this might require two .scad files but I'm happy to have just one.

[Assistant]
insert_V2.scad:
```
// Size of the holder
length = 73;
width = 24;
height = 12;

//size of the tab
tab_height = 4;
tab_width = 4;
tab_length = 11.5;

//size of the lock
lock_length = 18.5;
lock_height = 13;
lock_width = 4;
cut_length = 13;
cut_width = 2;

// bit fudge factor
fudge = 1.02;

//inches to mm conversion
in_to_mm = 25.4;

//bit size
bit_dia_points =.288*in_to_mm*fudge;
bit_dia_flats = .25*in_to_mm*fudge;

//number of slots for bits
num_slots= 9;

keeper_length = 10;
keeper_dia = 0.5;

difference(){
    union(){
        // main body
        cube([length,width, height],center=true);

        //tab
        difference(){
            translate([-(length+tab_width)/2, 0, -(height-tab_height)/2]) cube([tab_width,tab_length,tab_height],center=true);

            translate([-(length+tab_width+4)/2, 0,-(height/2-tab_height)]) rotate([0,-30,0]) cube([tab_width,tab_length,2],center=true);

            translate([-(length+tab_width+4)/2, 0,-height/2]) rotate([0,30,0]) cube([tab_width,tab_length,2],center=true);

        }
        //lock
        translate([(length+lock_width)/2, 0, -(height-lock_height)/2])
        difference(){
            cube([lock_width, lock_length, lock_height],center=true);
            translate([(lock_width-cut_width)/2, 0, 0]) cube([cut_width, cut_length, lock_height],center=true);
        }
    }

    min_edge = 1;
    width2= length - 2 * min_edge;
    step = width2 /(num_slots);
    start = -width2/2+step/2;
    end = width2/2;
    for (x=[start:step:end]){
        translate([x,0,0])SingleBitHolder();
    }
}
module SingleBitHolder(){
    difference(){
    union(){
    // horizontal hole
    translate([0,1,height/2-5])rotate([90,30,0])cylinder(d=bit_dia_points, h=width, center=true,$fn=6);
    translate([0,10,height/2-2])rotate([90,0,0])cube([bit_dia_flats,bit_dia_flats,width], center=true);
    }

    //bit keepers
    translate([bit_dia_flats/2,6,height/2-3])rotate([90,0,0])cylinder(d=keeper_dia,h=keeper_length, center=true,$fn=20);
    translate([-bit_dia_flats/2,6,height/2-3])rotate([90,0,0])cylinder(d=keeper_dia,h=keeper_length, center=true,$fn=20);
    }
    // vertical hole
    translate([0,-3,0])rotate([0,0,30])cylinder(d=bit_dia_points, h=height, center=true,$fn=6);
    translate([0,-8,-4])cube([bit_dia_flats,bit_dia_flats,height], center=true);
}

```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to design a custom ring using OpenSCAD and I'd like your help creating the code. I'm going for a twisted, multi-ring look, similar to the example on this website, https://geekhaus.com/isci104_spring2019/2019/02/12/customizable-ring/, but I'd like to make it fully parametric and have more control over the design.

Specifically, I want to be able to adjust the following:

*   **Ring Size:** This will be the base diameter of the ring. Let's use the standard US ring sizes as a guide, with each size corresponding to the inner diameter in millimeters (like a size 5 being 15mm, size 6 being 16mm, size 7 being 18mm, etc).
*   **Number of Rings:** The number of individual bands that make up the twisted ring design.
*   **Ring Thickness:** The thickness (diameter of the circle cross-section) of each individual ring band.
*   **Twist Amplitude:** How much each ring band is displaced (in z direction) from the central plane. I want it to look like the rings are twisting together.

I think a good approach would be to use a `for` loop to generate each slice of the ring, rotating and translating it to create the twist effect. Then, `hull()` can smooth out the transitions. I'm not sure how to get the correct rotations and translations for the twist, though. I imagine we'll need some trigonometry to figure that out, and I'm not entirely sure how to apply that to the parameters. We will be using the standard OpenSCAD library.

[Assistant]
ring_file.scad:
```

//parameters

amplitude = 1*1;

number_of_rings = 4;

thickness_of_ring = 1;

RingSize = 15;

ringDiameter = RingSize + amplitude + thickness_of_ring/2;

//ring size chart inputs
// US size 5 = 15
// US size 6 = 16
// US size 7 = 18
// US size 8 = 20
// US size 9 = 22

numTheta = PI*(ringDiameter+4*amplitude+4*thickness_of_ring)/thickness_of_ring;

$fn = 16*1;

//renders

    twistyring (r=ringDiameter, n=number_of_rings);

//modules

module twistyring (r,n) {
        for(t = [0:numTheta], k = [0:number_of_rings-1])

{

hull()

     {
         //first slice

rotate(t*360/numTheta, [0, 0, 1])

translate([ringDiameter/2, 0, 0])

rotate(-360/numTheta*number_of_rings*amplitude*cos(t*360/numTheta*number_of_rings-k*360/number_of_rings),
[0, 0, 1])

translate([0, 0, amplitude*cos(t*360/numTheta*number_of_rings-k*360/number_of_rings)])

rotate(90-360/numTheta*number_of_rings*amplitude*sin(t*360/numTheta*number_of_rings-k*360/number_of_rings),
[1, 0, 0])

translate([amplitude*sin(t*360/numTheta*number_of_rings-k*360/number_of_rings), 0, 0])

cylinder(d=thickness_of_ring, h = 0.1, center = true);

         //second slice

rotate((t+1)*360/numTheta, [0, 0, 1])

translate([ringDiameter/2, 0, 0])

rotate(-360/numTheta*number_of_rings*amplitude*cos((t+1)*360/numTheta*number_of_rings-k*360/number_of_rings),
[0, 0, 1])

translate([0, 0, amplitude*cos((t+1)*360/numTheta*number_of_rings-k*360/number_of_rings)])

rotate(90-360/numTheta*number_of_rings*amplitude*sin((t+1)*360/numTheta*number_of_rings-k*360/number_of_rings),
[1, 0, 0])

translate([amplitude*sin((t+1)*360/numTheta*number_of_rings-k*360/number_of_rings), 0, 0])

cylinder(d=thickness_of_ring, h = 0.1, center = true);

     }

}

}

```