[User]
Hey! I'm looking to create a customizable text roller, like for inking or painting. I saw this design online ([Text paint roll by Samuel Bernier](http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:47372)) and I really like the concept, but I want more control over the parameters.

Essentially, I need an OpenSCAD design that allows me to specify the following:

*   **The text:** Obviously, I need to be able to write my desired message.
*   **Font:** I'd like to choose from a few different fonts. Something like "Futuristic", "Basic", and "Fancy" would be great as starting options, but I would love a way to use any DXF font if possible.
*   **Text Thickness:** I need to set how deep the extruded or inset letters are. It would be good to have a few predefined depths (like Shallow, Deep, and Deeper).
*   **Inset/Extruded Letters:** I want the option to have the letters raised from the surface or cut into it (like a stamp).
*   **Text Angle:** I want to be able to control the slant angle of the text on the roller (measured from the roller's axis).
*   **Roller Dimensions:** I need to specify the height, outer diameter, and inner diameter of the roller.
*   **Line Density:** I need control over how tightly packed the lines of text will be. I'd like a percentage-based value for this.
*   **Character Spacing:** I need control over the kerning, also as a percentage.
*  **Padding:** I need to define an amount of empty space on each end of the roller.
*   **Preview Option:** I'd like the option to switch between a low-poly preview and a high-poly final rendering. This is important to improve speed when making adjustments.

I think that's everything.

Also, it's important that this design work well with the `write.scad` library (which I already have downloaded) since that's the best way to create text in OpenSCAD.

[Assistant]
customizable_ink_roller.scad:
```
use <write/Write.scad>

/*[Basic Settings]*/
//Type in a message for your roller
text = "Customizable Roller!";
//pick your font
font = 0;	//[0:Futuristic, 1:Basic, 2:Fancy]
//in mm from the flat roller surface
text_thickness = 1; //[1:Shallow, 2:Deep, 3:Deeper]
//turn this on to have the letters cut out of the surface instead of extruded from it (inverts the colors of the roller)
inset_letters = 0; //[0:Off,1:On]
//how slanted with the lines of text be, in degrees
text_angle = 60; //[45:90]

/*[Advanced Settings]*/
//in mm
roller_height = 120;
//in mm
outer_diameter = 35;
//where the roller dowel goes, in mm
inner_diameter = 12;
//how tightly packed the lines of text will be, as a percent
line_density = 50; //[30:90]
//character spacing percent, in letter widths
font_kerning_percent = 50; //[0:400]
//how much empty space (without text) at each end of the roller, in mm
padding = 5; //[0:20]

/*[Hidden]*/
preview_tab = "final";
epsilon = .1;
max_char_height = 16 - (text_angle / 90 * 4);
font_kerning = 1 + font_kerning_percent / 100;
base_char_width = 8.50769 * font_kerning;
density = line_density / 100;
outer_radius = outer_diameter / 2;
inner_radius = inner_diameter / 2;
echo(8.46 / 1.3);
roller_circumference = outer_radius * 2 * PI;
helix_lead = tan(text_angle) * roller_circumference;
echo("helix_lead", helix_lead);

revolutions = (roller_height - (padding * 2)) / helix_lead;
echo("revolutions", revolutions);

actual_line_length = sqrt(pow(roller_circumference, 2) + pow(helix_lead, 2)) * revolutions + (((90 - text_angle) / 45) * ((padding) + 30)); //that last part is a hack to make spiral text extend as far on the roller, discrepency might be caused by how write.scad constructs the spiral
echo("actual_line_length", actual_line_length);

actual_char_width = actual_line_length / len(text);
echo("actual_char_width", actual_char_width);

scale_factor = actual_char_width >= base_char_width ? 1 : actual_char_width / base_char_width;
actual_char_height = max_char_height * scale_factor;
echo("actual_char_height", actual_char_height);

rotated_character_width_contribution = abs(sin(text_angle - 90) * actual_char_width);
rotated_character_height_contribution = abs(sin(text_angle) * actual_char_height);
echo("width contribution", rotated_character_width_contribution);
echo("height contribution", rotated_character_height_contribution);

total_width = rotated_character_width_contribution + rotated_character_height_contribution;
echo("total", total_width);

number_of_lines = floor(roller_circumference / total_width * density);
function fonts() = ["write/orbitron.dxf", "write/Letters.dxf", "write/BlackRose.dxf"];

if(preview_tab == "final")
{
	if(inset_letters == 0)
	{
		difference()
		{
			cylinder(r = outer_radius, h = roller_height, $fn = 50);
			translate([0,0,-epsilon])
				cylinder(r = inner_radius, h = roller_height + epsilon * 2, $fn = 50);
		}

		color([1,1,1])
		translate([0,0,roller_height])
		scale([1,1,-1])
		intersection()
		{
		for(i = [0:number_of_lines - 1])
		{
		rotate([0,0,360 / number_of_lines * i])
		writecylinder
		(
			text,
			[0,0,roller_height / 2],
			outer_radius,
			center=true,
			down=0,
			rotate= -text_angle,
			space = font_kerning,
			font = fonts()[font],
			t = text_thickness * 4,
			h = actual_char_height,
			middle = 10
		);
		}
		translate([0,0,padding])
		cylinder(r = outer_radius + text_thickness, h = roller_height - padding * 2, $fn = 50);
		}
	}
	else
	{
		difference(){
			difference()
			{
				cylinder(r = outer_radius, h = roller_height, $fn = 50);
				translate([0,0,-epsilon])
					cylinder(r = inner_radius, h = roller_height + epsilon * 2, $fn = 50);
			}

			color([1,1,1])
			translate([0,0,roller_height])
			scale([1,1,-1])
			intersection()
			{
			for(i = [0:number_of_lines - 1])
			{
			rotate([0,0,360 / number_of_lines * i])
			writecylinder
			(
				text,
				[0,0,roller_height / 2],
				outer_radius,
				center=true,
				down=0,
				rotate= -text_angle,
				space = font_kerning,
				font = fonts()[font],
				t = text_thickness * 4,
				h = actual_char_height,
				middle = text_thickness
			);
			}
			translate([0,0,padding])
			cylinder(r = outer_radius + text_thickness, h = roller_height - padding * 2, $fn = 50);
			}
		}
	}
}
else
{
	if(inset_letters == 0)
	{
		difference()
		{
			cylinder(r = outer_radius, h = roller_height, $fn = 32);
			translate([0,0,-epsilon])
				cylinder(r = inner_radius, h = roller_height + epsilon * 2, $fn = 32);
		}

		color([1,1,1])
			translate([0,0,roller_height])
				scale([1,1,-1])
					for(i = [0:number_of_lines - 1])
					{
						rotate([0,0,360 / number_of_lines * i])
							writecylinder
							(
								text,
								[0,0,roller_height / 2],
								outer_radius,
								center=true,
								down=0,
								rotate= -text_angle,
								space = font_kerning,
								font = fonts()[font],
								t = text_thickness,
								h = actual_char_height,
								middle = 10
							);
					}
	}
	else
	{
		difference()
		{
			difference()
			{
				cylinder(r = outer_radius, h = roller_height, $fn = 32);
				translate([0,0,-epsilon])
					cylinder(r = inner_radius, h = roller_height + epsilon * 2, $fn = 32);
			}

			color([1,1,1])
				translate([0,0,roller_height])
					scale([1,1,-1])
						for(i = [0:number_of_lines - 1])
						{
							rotate([0,0,360 / number_of_lines * i])
								writecylinder
								(
									text,
									[0,0,roller_height / 2],
									outer_radius,
									center=true,
									down=0,
									rotate= -text_angle,
									space = font_kerning,
									font = fonts()[font],
									t = text_thickness * 4,
									h = actual_char_height,
									middle = text_thickness
								);
						}
		}

	}

}
```


[User]
I need a design for a dry erase marker and eraser holder, and I'd like it to be parametric so I can easily adjust it later.

Here's what I'm thinking:

*   It should hold 6 standard-sized Expo dry erase markers.
*   It should have a separate compartment for a standard-sized eraser.
*   I want to be able to control the overall height of the holder.
*   There should be some padding between each marker and also between the marker section and the eraser section.
*   I also want a little lip or ridge at the top of the marker holes to help keep the markers from falling through.
*   I'll need some kind of attachment or fastener on either side to allow it to mount to a wall or other surface.
*   I want to be able to control the radius of the marker holes, since I've seen some markers are different sizes.
*   It'd be good if I could adjust the height of the ridge on the marker holes too.

Specifically, here are the dimensions I have in mind for the initial design:

*   **Number of Markers:** 6
*   **Overall Height:** 50 mm
*   **General Padding/Thickness:** 3 mm
*   **Eraser Width:** 55 mm
*   **Eraser Depth:** 35 mm
*   **Marker Radius:** 10 mm
*   **Marker Ridge Height:** 5 mm
*   **Fastener Width:** 15 mm

I'd like to be able to adjust those values as parameters. I don't need any advanced features, but a good level of detail for all the curves is important. Could you please generate an OpenSCAD file for me? I don't need any external libraries, and I think I've specified all the needed parameters.

[Assistant]
dry_erase_marker_and_eraser_holder.scad:
```
markers = 6;

height = 50;
thickness = 3; // General padding between markers

eraser_width = 55;
eraser_depth = 35;

marker_rad = 10; // This radius value works for standard expo dry erase markers
marker_ridge_height = 5; // sure, why not?

fastener_width = 15;

nudge = 0.1;
precision = 100;

difference(){
	union(){
		//eraser block
		color("blue")
		cube([eraser_width + thickness * 2, eraser_depth + thickness * 2, height + thickness]);

		//markers block
		color("green")
		translate([eraser_width + thickness * 2,0,0])
		cube([(marker_rad * 2 + thickness) * markers, marker_rad * 2 + thickness * 2, height + thickness]);

		color("red")
		fasteners();
	}

	//eraser hole
	translate([thickness, thickness, thickness])
	cube([eraser_width, eraser_depth, height]);

	//marker holes
	translate([thickness * 2 + eraser_width + marker_rad,thickness + marker_rad,thickness])
	markers();
}

module fastener(){
	cube([fastener_width, thickness, height + thickness]);
}

module fasteners(){
	translate([-fastener_width,0,0])
	fastener();

	translate([eraser_width + thickness * 2 + (marker_rad * 2 + thickness) * markers, 0, 0])
	fastener();
}

module markers(){
	for(i = [0:(markers - 1)]){
		translate([(marker_rad * 2 + thickness) * i, 0, 0])
		union(){
			cylinder(r=marker_rad, h = height, $fn = precision);

			translate([0,0,height - marker_ridge_height])
			cylinder(r1 = marker_rad, r2 = marker_rad + thickness / 2 - nudge, h = marker_ridge_height, $fn = precision);
		}
	}
}

```


[User]
Alright, I'm looking to design a 3D printer, but it's a bit unconventional. It's more of an XY table with a glass etching head. I've got some basic parameters worked out, and I need an OpenSCAD design that's fully parametric.

Here's what I'm thinking:

**Core Functionality:**

*   **XY Table:** The core of the device should be an XY table with two sets of rollers for each axis (X and Y). Think of it like a 2D plotter with a glass etching head.
*   **Glass Etching:** The etching action should be done by a swiveling head that moves over the glass, essentially acting like a very light duty cutter.
*   **Audio Control:** I want to control the position using a stereo audio input. Left channel = X axis, right channel = Y axis. This audio input drives servo motors through ATtiny85 microcontrollers.
*   **Parametric Design:** I want everything to be adjustable, so I can easily change the dimensions, roller sizes, etc. The design must be 100% parametric using OpenSCAD, so I can easily adjust it later.

**Key Dimensions and Components:**

*   **Base:**
    *   Size:  A square base, starting at around 12 inches (304.8 mm) on each side.
    *   Thickness: About 1/4 inch (6.35mm).
    *   I want a clearance between the table top and the electronics shelf that is 2 inches (50.8mm) and a space above that which is 6 inches (152.4mm) high.
*   **Rollers:**
    *   Height: About 3 inches (76.2mm).
    *   Vertical Offset:  About 0.75 inches (19.05 mm) between each roller in a pair.
    *   Separation between pairs of rollers: 7.5 inches (190.5 mm).
    *   Length: About 12 inches (304.8 mm) or longer.
    *   Diameter: About 0.5 inches (12.7mm).
    *   End Cap Diameter: 1 inch (25.4mm).
    *   Number of Sides: At least four sides to improve traction
*   **Motors:**
    *   NEMA 17 or 23 mount (with parametric hole diameters and distances)
    *   Motors need to be offset from the rollers. The design should have a parameter for the offset. Start with an offset around 20mm.
    *   Holes for mounting the stepper motors, starting with 14mm diameter
    *   Axle diameter for motors is approx. 0.1968 inches or 5mm.
*   **Electronics:**
    *   Space for PCB. It should have parameters for width, height, and depth.
    *   Space for a breadboard, with a width of 2 inches (50.8mm), a height of 3 inches (76.2mm), and a depth of 1/8 inch (3.175 mm).
    *   Space for an audio breakout board, USB breakout board, and power charger, with corresponding parameter dimensions for each.
*   **Pen (Glass Cutter) Assembly:**
    *   The design must have parameters for a pen holder, which moves as the motors turn.
    *   A parameter for a pen or glass cutter.  A simple cylinder is sufficient, as the design should be flexible enough for me to adapt it.

**Overall Structure:**

I envision a layered design, with:

1.  The base plate at the bottom.
2.  The XY roller assemblies above the base, including their motors.
3.  The pen assembly above the rollers.
4.  A lid or shelf above the rollers that holds the breadboard, audio, USB, and power supplies.

**Libraries:**

I don't think you'll need anything too complex, but ensure that you include a `Write.scad` library that can render text on top of the design.

Can you generate the complete, commented OpenSCAD code for this? I'm also expecting an `STL` file for a Stepper Motor Mount, but that isn't something that needs to be generated by OpenSCAD.

[Assistant]
Printer4.scad:
```
// by Les Hall
// started Fri May 23 2014
//
// Asssembly drawing for 3D printer LesterBot
// (an xy table for plate glass etching)
//

/* [Base] */

// size of base (mm)
baseSize = 12 * 25.4;

// thickness of base (mm)
baseHeight = 1/4 * 25.4;

// distance between work surfaces (mm)
workSurfaceHeight = 2 * 25.4;

// height of lid (mm)
lidHeight = 6 * 25.4;

// offset of origin (mm)
originOffset = 0 * 25.4;

// distance between bolt holes NEMA 17, 23 (mm)
boltHoleDistance = [1.220, 1.856, 2.74] * 25.4;

// diameter of bolt hole NEMA 17, 23, (mm)
boltHoleDiameter = [0.1285, 0.195, 0.218] * 25.4;

// thickness of walls (mm)
wallThickness = 1/8 * 25.4;

/* [Rollers] */

// height of roller axle (mm)
rollerHeight = 3 * 25.4;

// vertical offset between rollers (mm)
rollerOffset = 0.75 * 25.4;

// separation of rollers (mm)
rollerSeparation = 7.5 * 25.4;

// length of roller (mm)
rollerLength = 12 * 25.4;

// diameter of roller (mm)
rollerDiameter = 0.5 * 25.4;

// diameter of roller end cap (mm)
rollerEndCapDiameter = 1 * 25.4;

// number of sides on roller (faces)
numSides = 4;

// offset of motors from shaft (mm)
motorOffset = 20;

// diameter of Stepper Motor mount hole (mm)
stepperMotorDiameter = 14;

// diameter of axle (mm)
axleDiameter = 0.1968 * 25.4;

/* [Components] */

// width of PCB
PCBwidth = 2 * 25.4;

// height of PCB
PCBheight = 3 * 25.4;

// depth of PCB
PCBdepth = 1/8 * 25.4;

/* [Hidden] */

$fn=32;
merge = 0.01;
baseDimensions = [baseSize, baseSize, baseHeight];
breadboardDimensions = [PCBwidth, PCBheight, PCBdepth];
PCBDimensions = [7/8, 5/4, 1/16] * 25.4;
penHolderDimensions = [25.4, 25.4, 1*rollerOffset];
workSurfaceDimensions = [rollerLength, rollerLength, workSurfaceHeight];

// base
module base()
{
	color([0, 0, 1])
	difference()
	{
		cube(baseDimensions, center=true);

		translate([0.28*baseDimensions[0], 0, 0])
		cube(baseDimensions+[0, 1, 1], center=true);
	}
}

// work surface
module workSurface()
{
	translate([0, 0, workSurfaceDimensions[2]/2])
	color([1, 1, 0])
	cube(workSurfaceDimensions, center=true);
}

// breadboard
module breadboard()
{
	color([1, 0, 1])
	cube(breadboardDimensions, center=true);
}

// PCB
module PCB()
{
	color([1, 0, 1])
	cube(PCBDimensions, center=true);
}

// Power Charger
module powerCharger()
{
	translate([0, 0, 6])
	color([1, 0, 1])
	cube([65, 115, 12], center=true);
}

// Audio breakout
module AudioBreakout()
{
	color([1, 0, 1])
	cube([1, 0.75, 1/8]*25.4, center=true);
}

// USB breakout
module USBbreakout()
{
	color([1, 0, 1])
	cube([1, 0.75, 1/8]*25.4, center=true);
}

// roller
module roller()
{
	difference()
	{
		// the roller itself
		cylinder(r=rollerDiameter/2,
			h=rollerLength,
			$fn=numSides,
			center=true);

		// holes in end of rotor
		for (side=[-1:2:1])
		translate([0, 0, rollerLength/2])
		cylinder(r=axleDiameter/2, h=20, center=true);
	}
}

// roller assembly
module rollerAssembly()
{
	// roller
	rotate(90, [1, 0, 0])
	rotate(90, [0, 1, 0])
	color([0, 1, 0])
	roller();

	// motor
	for(side=[-1:2:1])
	translate([side*(rollerLength/2+motorOffset-4), 0, 0])
	rotate(90, [0, 1, 0])
	rotate(90+side*90, [0, 1, 0])
	color([1, 0, 0])
	import("StepperMotorAssembly.stl");
}

// pen
module pen()
{
	cylinder(r=1/8*25.4,
		h=2*25.4,
		center=true);
}

// pen assembly
module penAssembly()
{
	penOffset = [0, 0, 0] * 25.4;
	union()
	{
		// pen
		translate(penOffset)
		color([0, 0, 0])
		pen();

		// pen holder
		difference()
		{
			color([0, 1, 1])
			cube(penHolderDimensions, center=true);

			translate(penOffset)
			pen();
		}
	}
}

// motor mount chassis
module motorMount()
{
	union()
	{
		difference()
		//union()
		{
			// main plate
			cube([rollerLength-25.4/4, wallThickness, 6*25.4], center=true);

			// axle holes
			for(side=[-1:2:1])
			translate([side*rollerSeparation/2, 0, 0])
			rotate(90, [1, 0, 0])
			cylinder(r=stepperMotorDiameter/2,
				h=25.4/2, center=true);

			// NEMA bolts
			for(side=[-1:2:1])
			translate([side*rollerSeparation/2, 0, -rollerOffset/2])
			rotate(90, [1, 0, 0])
			rotate(90, [0, 0, 1])
			for(NEMA=[0:2])
			for(t=[0:3])
			rotate(360*t/4, [0, 0, 1])
			translate([boltHoleDistance[NEMA]/2, boltHoleDistance[NEMA]/2, 0])
			color([1, 0.5, 0])
			cylinder(r=boltHoleDiameter[NEMA]/2, h=8*wallThickness+merge,
				center=true);		}
	}
}

// motor mount chassis
module motorChassis()
{
	union()
	{
		difference()
		{
			// motor mounts
			for(t=[0:3])
			rotate(360*t/4, [0, 0, 1])
			translate([0, rollerLength/2+wallThickness/2, rollerHeight])
			rotate(90+90*pow(-1, t), [1, 0, 0])
			motorMount();
		}

		// cylindrical supports
		/*
		for(t=[0:3])
		rotate(360*t/4, [0, 0, 1])
		translate([rollerLength/2, rollerLength/2, rollerHeight/2+rollerOffset/2+25.4*6/8])
		cylinder(r=25.4*3/8, h=rollerHeight+rollerOffset+25.4, center=true);
		*/
	}
}

// the whole printer
module printer()
{
	// working surface
	// rollers with motors
	for(i=[-1:2:2])
	translate([0, i*rollerSeparation/2, rollerHeight-rollerOffset/2])
	rollerAssembly();  // X roller
	for(i=[-1:2:2])
	rotate(90, [0, 0, 1])
	translate([0, i*rollerSeparation/2, rollerHeight+rollerOffset/2])
	rollerAssembly();  // X roller

	// motor mount chassis
	motorChassis();

	// pen assembly
	translate([0, 0, rollerHeight])
	penAssembly();

	// electronics shelf
	translate([0, 0, lidHeight])
	{
		// base board
		base();

		// PCBs
		// breadboard
		translate([-0.38*baseSize, -0.25*baseSize, 0.25*25.4])
		breadboard();

		// audio
		translate([-0.43*baseSize, -0.44*baseSize, 0.25*25.4])
		AudioBreakout();

		// power charger
		translate([-0.36*baseSize, baseSize/4, 0])
		powerCharger();

		// USB
		translate([-0.43*baseSize, -0.05*baseSize, 0.25*25.4])
		USBbreakout();
	}

	// driver boards
	for(t=[0:3])
	rotate(360*t/4, [0, 0, 1])
	for(side=[-1:2:1])
	for(phase=[-1:2:1])
	translate([side*25.4, rollerLength/2+25.4*3/16, rollerHeight+phase*1.5/2*25.4])
	rotate(90, [1, 0, 0])
	//rotate(90, [0, 0, 1])
	PCB();

	// working surface
	workSurface();

	// rubber bands
	translate([0, 0, rollerHeight])
	for(roller=[-1:2:1])
	for(side=[-1:2:1])
	for(vert=[-1:2:1])
	rotate(45-roller*45, [0, 0, 1])
	translate([0, side*25.4/4, roller*rollerOffset/2+vert*rollerDiameter/2])
	rotate(90, [0, 1, 0])
	color([0, 0, 0])
	cylinder(r=25.4/16, h=rollerSeparation,
		center=true);
}

// make the thing!
printer();

```
Schematic1.scad:
```
// by Les Hall
//

font = "knewave.dxf";
font_size=13;
text_depth=4;
$fn=16;

// ************* Executable part *************
use <Write.scad>

module text(message)
{
	for (line = [0:len(message)-1])
	translate([0, -font_size*1.5*line, 0])
	write(message[line],t=text_depth,h=font_size,center=true,font=font);
}

module opampA(message)
{
	// text
	translate([40, 55, 0])
	text(message);

	// triangle
	cylinder(r=40, h=6, center=true, $fn=3);

	// inputs
	for(side=[-1:2:1])
	translate([-30, side*15, 0])
	{
		rotate(90, [0, 1, 0])
		cylinder(r=3, h=20, center=true);
		translate([0, 10, 0])
		if (side < 0)
			text(["5"]);
		else
			text(["6"]);
	}

	// output
	translate([45, 0, 0])
	{
		rotate(90, [0, 1, 0])
		cylinder(r=3, h=20, center=true);
		translate([0, 10, 0])
		text(["7"]);
	}

	// power
	for(side=[-1:2:1])
	translate([0, side*30, 0])
	{
		rotate(90, [0, 1, 0])
		rotate(90, [1, 0, 0])
		cylinder(r=3, h=20, center=true);

		translate([10, 0, 0])
		if (side < 0)
			text(["4"]);
		else
			text(["8"]);
	}
}

module opampB(message)
{
	// text
	translate([40, 55, 0])
	text(message);

	// triangle
	cylinder(r=40, h=6, center=true, $fn=3);

	// inputs
	for(side=[-1:2:1])
	translate([-30, side*15, 0])
	{
		rotate(90, [0, 1, 0])
		cylinder(r=3, h=20, center=true);
		translate([0, 10, 0])
		if (side < 0)
			text(["3"]);
		else
			text(["2"]);
	}

	// output
	translate([45, 0, 0])
	{
		rotate(90, [0, 1, 0])
		cylinder(r=3, h=20, center=true);
		translate([0, 10, 0])
		text(["1"]);
	}
}

module resistor(message)
{
	// zig zags
	for(segment=[0:6])
	translate([(segment-3)*cos(30)*10, 0, 0])
	rotate(90, [0, 1, 0])
	rotate(pow(-1, segment)*60, [1, 0, 0])
	if ( (segment > 0) && (segment < 6) )
		cylinder(r=2, h=20, center=true);
	else if (segment > 0)
		translate([0, 0, -5*cos(30)])
		cylinder(r=2, h=10, center=true);
	else
		translate([0, -0, 5*cos(30)])
		cylinder(r=2, h=10, center=true);

	// end wires
	for(side=[-1:2:1])
	translate([side*cos(30)*3.5*10, 0, 0])
	rotate(90, [0, 1, 0])
	cylinder(r=2, h=10, center=true);

	// text
	translate([0, 40, 0])
	text(message);
}

module capacitor(message)
{
	// plates
	for(side=[-1:2:1])
	translate([side*5, 0, 0])
	rotate(90, [0, 1, 0])
	rotate(90, [1, 0, 0])
	cylinder(r=2, h=20, center=true);

	// end wires
	for(side=[-1:2:1])
	translate([side*20, 0, 0])
	rotate(90, [0, 1, 0])
	cylinder(r=2, h=30, center=true);

	// text
	translate([0, 40, 0])
	text(message);
}

module comparator(trans=[0, 0, 0], rot=0, rotVec=[0, 0, 1])
{
	translate(trans)
	rotate(rot, rotVec)
	{
		// opamp used as comparator
		opampA(["U1A", "LM358"]);

		// Vcc
		translate([0, 40, 0])
		{
			rotate(90, [0, 1, 0])
			cylinder(r=2, h=20, center=true);

			translate([0, 10, 0])
			text(["Vcc"]);
		}

		// GND
		translate([0, -45, 0])
		rotate(-90, [0, 0, 1])
		cylinder(r=10, h=2, center=true, $fn=3);

		// hysteresis resistor
		translate([0, -120, 0])
		resistor(["R1", "1MEG"]);

		// feedback wires
		//
		// left horizontal wire
		translate([-45, -120, 0])
		rotate(90, [0, 1, 0])
		cylinder(r=2, h=40, center=true);
		// right horizontal wire
		translate([45, -120, 0])
		rotate(90, [0, 1, 0])
		cylinder(r=2, h=40, center=true);
		// left vertical wire
		translate([-65, -67.5, 0])
		rotate(90, [0, 1, 0])
		rotate(90, [1, 0, 0])
		cylinder(r=2, h=100, center=true);
		// right vertical wire
		translate([65, -60, 0])
		rotate(90, [0, 1, 0])
		rotate(90, [1, 0, 0])
		cylinder(r=2, h=120, center=true);
		// output wire
		translate([60, 0, 0])
		rotate(90, [0, 1, 0])
		cylinder(r=2, h=10, center=true);
		// input wire
		translate([-70, -15, 0])
		rotate(90, [0, 1, 0])
		cylinder(r=2, h=60, center=true);
		// dot
		translate([-65, -15, 0])
		sphere(r=4);

		// upper bias resistor
		translate([-100, 70, 0])
		rotate(90, [0, 0, 1])
		resistor(["R2", "100k"]);
		// VCC

		// lower bias resistor
		translate([-100, -70, 0])
		rotate(90, [0, 0, 1])
		resistor(["R3", "100k"]);

		// wires
		//
		// middle wire
		translate([-100, 0, 0])
		rotate(90, [0, 1, 0])
		rotate(90, [1, 0, 0])
		cylinder(r=2, h=80, center=true);
		// dot
		translate([-100, -15, 0])
		sphere(r=4);

		// Vcc
		translate([-100, 105, 0])
		{
			rotate(90, [0, 1, 0])
			cylinder(r=2, h=20, center=true);

			translate([0, 10, 0])
			text(["Vcc"]);
		}

		// GND
		translate([-100, -110, 0])
		rotate(-90, [0, 0, 1])
		cylinder(r=10, h=2, center=true, $fn=3);

		// upper reference resistor
		translate([-170, 70, 0])
		rotate(90, [0, 0, 1])
		resistor(["R4", "100k"]);

		// lower reference resistor
		translate([-170, -70, 0])
		rotate(90, [0, 0, 1])
		resistor(["R5", "100k"]);

		// wires
		//
		// middle wire
		translate([-170, 0, 0])
		rotate(90, [0, 1, 0])
		rotate(90, [1, 0, 0])
		cylinder(r=2, h=80, center=true);
		// horizontal wire
		translate([-105, 15, 0])
		rotate(90, [0, 1, 0])
		cylinder(r=2, h=130, center=true);
		// dot
		translate([-170, 15, 0])
		sphere(r=4);

		// Vcc
		translate([-170, 105, 0])
		{
			rotate(90, [0, 1, 0])
			cylinder(r=2, h=20, center=true);

			translate([0, 10, 0])
			text(["Vcc"]);
		}

		// GND
		translate([-170, -110, 0])
		rotate(-90, [0, 0, 1])
		cylinder(r=10, h=2, center=true, $fn=3);

		// input resistor
		translate([-250, 0, 0])
		resistor(["R6", "2.2k"]);
		// horizontal wire
		translate([-192.5, 0, 0])
		rotate(90, [0, 1, 0])
		cylinder(r=2, h=45, center=true);
		// dot
		translate([-170, 0, 0])
		sphere(r=4);

		// input capacitor
		translate([-320, 0, 0])
		capacitor(["C1", "47uF"]);
	}
}

module base()
{
	translate([-400, -175, -5])
	cube([550, 350, 6]);
}

translate([0, 130, 0])
color([0, 0.75, 0.75])
text(["Input", "Comparator", "Circuit"]);

color([0, 0.5, 0])
base();

color([0.75, 0.75, 0])
comparator();

```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to get a custom paint roller designed and I'd like to be able to adjust it with parameters. I found an existing design, but it's a single file with everything baked in, and I want to be able to tweak things more easily.

Essentially, I want a paint roller where I can put text on it that will leave an impression when rolled. It needs to be parametric so I can change the roller's length and diameter, the text, the text size, how far the letters stick out (text height), and the angle of the text around the roller. I'd also like to be able to adjust the letter spacing and spacing between lines of text.

The existing design used a few specific things that I'd like to include:

*   The text is written around the circumference of the roller, and repeats around it as many times as will fit.
*   The text is essentially a cut-out from the roller cylinder.
*   It uses the `write/Write.scad` library for text handling and the letters themselves are pulled from .dxf files in a subfolder.

So to recap, could you design a parametric OpenSCAD file (or files if that makes sense) for a paint roller with customizable text? The parameters should include:
* RollerLength
* RollerDiameter
* Text (string)
* FontSize
* TextHeight
* Font (path to a .dxf file in a `write` folder relative to the scad file)
* Letter_Spacing
* Line_Pad
* TextAngle
* SpindleDiameter

It should also use `write/Write.scad` library.

[Assistant]
paintroller-v1.5-web.scad:
```
//customizable paint roller by Mark G. Peeters, 5-24-14
//posted here
//http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:341577
//modified from idea shared by LPFP
//http://www.instructables.com/id/Paint-roll-hack-Text-and-massage-customised-3D
//http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:47372
//have fun!!!

use<write/Write.scad>

//NOTE: ALL units are in millimeters (mm) even font sizes
RollerText="Live Your Life!";
//size for the letters and numbers-still in millimeters
FontSize=12;
// how tall are letters and numbers , suggest between 2mm and 4mm
TextHeight=2;
//Choose your font
font = "Letters.dxf";//[write/Letters.dxf:Letters,write/BlackRose.dxf:Black Rose,write/braille.dxf:Braille,write/knewave.dxf:Knewave,write/orbitron.dxf:Orbitron]

//don't make roller taller your printer height
RollerLength=120;//[10:300]
RollerDiameter=37;
RollerRadius = RollerDiameter/2;
// radius for spindle hole diameter,
SpindleDiameter=5;
HoleRadius = SpindleDiameter/2;

/* [Advanced] */

//Letter spacing you want?
Letter_Spacing=12;//[6:20]
space=Letter_Spacing/10;
//Do you want more space between the lines of text?
Line_Pad=0;
//what angle should the text be on the roller, tilt it a little since 90 is harder to roll
TextAngle=70;

/* [hidden] */
cord=FontSize*1.3+Line_Pad;//allow for different lowercase desenders and font capitals
rfortheta=RollerRadius+TextHeight;//i am using the outer circle for cutting
theta=2*asin(cord/(2*rfortheta));//max theta
repeats=floor(360/theta);//round down to whole number of repeats
goodtheta=360/repeats;//symetry is good
dup_angle=goodtheta;

difference(){
// make core and write on a cylinder
union(){
for (i = [0:repeats-1]) {
color("blue")
cylinder(r=RollerRadius,h=RollerLength,center=true);
writecylinder(RollerText,h=FontSize,t=RollerDiameter,[0,0,0],radius=-RollerRadius,height=RollerLength,rotate=TextAngle,space=space,font=font,east=dup_angle*i,center=true);
}//end loop
}//end core union

//remove hole for spindle
cylinder(r=HoleRadius,h=RollerLength+50,center=true,$fn=50);

//make trim shell to get smooth outer layers
difference(){
cylinder(r=RollerDiameter*1.5,h=RollerLength+45,center=true);
cylinder(r=rfortheta,h=RollerLength+50,center=true,$fn=100);
}//end trim shell diff
//*/
}//end difference
```


[User]
I'd like a parametric OpenSCAD design for a customizable signpost, please. I need to be able to specify the text that's on the sign, the font (though I'm fine if you just use a default font and I can adjust it if necessary), and the height of the font. I also need to be able to adjust the thickness of the letters themselves. It would be great if I could control the spacing between letters as well.

The sign should have a bar underneath the text, and the bar itself should be parametric (I want to control its size too, at least the thickness). I also want the option of including stakes coming down from the bar so I can stick it in the ground. Those stakes should also be parametric (mainly the height).

I'd like to use a library for the text generation, ideally one that supports different fonts. It seems like `write/Write.scad` might do the trick, but I'm not sure if that's a standard library. If not, just pick any standard OpenSCAD library for that part. If it helps, I've seen code that uses some of the functions from the `utils/build_plate.scad` library, but I'm not particularly concerned about build plate visualization -- I'm mostly interested in the final sign.

To summarize, I need the following parameters:

*   `label_text`: The text on the sign.
*   `font`: The font to use (if possible from library, otherwise just pick a default font, and I'll see if I can adjust it).
*   `font_height`: The height of the font.
*   `font_thickness`: The thickness of the letters.
*   `letter_spacing`: The spacing between letters (1.0 is a good default).
*   `include_bar`: Yes/No to include a bar underneath the text.
*   `include_stakes`: Yes/No to include stakes coming down from the bar.
*   `stake_height`: The height of the stakes.
*   `bar_size`: the size/thickness of the bar

I also want to make sure the design works well for different text lengths, so the sign should automatically adjust to fit the text.

Thanks!

[Assistant]
customizable_signpost.scad:
```
// Generalized Custom Signpost
// by Mike Carlton (http://carltons.us/mike/)
//
// Derivative of:
// Customizable Garden Sign v1.0
// by TheNewHobbyist 2013 (http://thenewhobbyist.com)
// http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:78727
//
// Which is a derivative of paulhoover's (http://www.thingiverse.com/paulhoover)
// Vegetable garden signs (http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:78340).

/* [Sign] */

label_text = "Text";

font = "write/Letters.dxf"; // ["write/BlackRose.dxf":Black Rose,"write/knewave.dxf":Knewave,"write/Letters.dxf":Letters,"write/orbitron.dxf":Orbitron]

font_height = 30;

// (vertical)
font_thickness = 4;

// (fixed width letters only, sorry)
letter_spacing = 1.0;

include_bar = "yes"; // [yes,no]

// (requires bar)
include_stakes = "yes"; // [yes,no]

stake_height = 35;

/* [Build plate] */

//For display only, not part of final model
build_plate_selector = 0; //[0:Replicator 2/2X,1: Replicator,2:Thingomatic,3:Manual]

// "Manual" build plate X dimension
build_plate_manual_x = 100; //[100:400]

// "Manual" build plate Y dimension
build_plate_manual_y = 100; //[100:400]

build_plate(build_plate_selector, build_plate_manual_x, build_plate_manual_y);

// preview[view:south, tilt:top]

/* [Hidden] */

use <write/Write.scad>
use <utils/build_plate.scad>

char_width = 13 * (font_height / 19);
num_letters = len(label_text);
bar_size = 3;

function width(num_chars) = (num_chars * char_width * letter_spacing);

translate([width(num_letters)/(-2), 0, 0]) {
	difference() {
		union() {
			write(label_text, h=font_height, t=font_thickness, font=font, space=letter_spacing);
			if (include_bar == "yes") {
				translate([0, -1.5, 0]) cube([width(num_letters), bar_size, bar_size]);
				if (include_stakes == "yes") {
					translate([width(0.5), -stake_height, 0]) cube([2, stake_height, 3]);
					translate([width(num_letters-0.5), -stake_height, 0]) cube([2, stake_height, 3]);
				}
			}
		}
		if (include_bar == "yes" && include_stakes == "yes") {		// stake points
			translate([width(0.5), -stake_height, 0]) rotate([45,0,0]) cube([10, 10, 10]);
			translate([width(num_letters-0.5), -stake_height, 0]) rotate([45,0,0]) cube([10, 10, 10]);
		}
	}
}

```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to design some custom mounting plates for my multirotor drone, and I'd like to use OpenSCAD to make them parametric. I've been using a similar tool but I'd like one that's more flexible.

Basically, I need to be able to generate a few different types of plates: radio receiver plates, control board mounting plates, and general-purpose slotted plates. Plus, I'd like a fully custom plate option, where I can specify the location of mounting holes and standoffs.

For all of them, I need to specify the overall plate thickness. I think a variable like `Plate_Thickness` with some options, like 1, 3, and 6 mm, should do it.  I'd also like to specify the mounting bolt size with a variable like `Mounting_Bolt_Size`, and have it set up with presets for M2, M3, M4, M5, and M6 bolts.

Here are the specifics for each type:

**Radio Plate:**
*   I need to define the radio's dimensions using `Radio_Width` and `Radio_Length`.
*   I need to have an option for cable-tie slots for securing the receiver (`Cable_Tie_Ct` with options like 0, 1, 2 or 3).  I'll need a `Cable_Tie_Width` variable for the width of these slots.
*   I need to set the height of the supports for the radio (`Support_Height`).

**Control Board Plate:**
*   I need options for different control board types.  The main preset I need is for a KK2 board. I'll also need an option to have a custom control board using variables for the X and Y distances between mounting holes (`Control_Board_X` and `Control_Board_Y`).
*   I need to specify the standoff height (`Standoff_Height`).
*   And I need to set the size of the bolts used for mounting the control board with `Control_Board_Bolt`, and options for M2, M2.5, M3, M4, and M5 bolts.

**Slotted Plate:**
*   I need to specify the width of the slots (`Slot_Width`).
*   I need to be able to specify the number of slots (`Number_of_Slots`).
*   I want options for the profile of the slots: either rounded or square (`Profile`).

**Custom Plate:**
*   I need to define a matrix of coordinates for holes (`Hole_Matrix`) and their diameter (`Hole_Diameter`).
*  I need to define a matrix of coordinates for standoffs (`Standoff_Matrix`), the hole diameter for the standoffs (`Standoff_Hole_D`) and the height of these standoffs (`Custom_Standoff_Height`).

Finally, for all plate types, I want to be able to specify whether to include a central hole (`Additional_Hole`, yes or no). And there should be a standard way to specify the distance between mounting holes, `X_and_Y_Distance`.

I'm aiming for a modular design, where the base plate with mounting holes is a separate module that can be re-used. I think the file should be able to take a variable `Multirotor_Platform` to set a preset of "Arducopter" or to use a custom X-and-Y distance for the base mounting holes and the edges of the plate. I don't need any external libraries.

Could you generate the OpenSCAD code for these plate options?

[Assistant]
MultirotorPlateCustomizer0-2-1.scad:
```
//Multirotor plate customizer V0.1.3 by eriqjo
//
//v0.2.1 6/4/2014	Major bug fix for standoffs and holes not rendering correctly
//v0.2.0 5/26/2014	Added more clearance between slots and mounting holes
//					Added KK2 Mounting feature
//					Shortened radio supports to minimize plug interference
//					Added custom plate features
//v0.1.2 5/25/2014	Improved resolution for holes
//					Added option for control board mount
//v0.1.1 5/24/2014	Initial release of project
//

//CUSTOMIZER VARIABLES

/* [Plate Dimensions] */

//Choose predefined platform, or custom
Multirotor_Platform = 3; // [1:Arducopter, 3:Custom]

//Choose type of plate to create
Plate_Type = 2; // [1:Radio,2:Control Board,3:Slotted,4:Custom Plate]

//Choose how thick to make the plate, mm
Plate_Thickness = 3; // [1:6]

Mounting_Bolt_Size = 3.2; // [2.2:M2,3.2:M3,4.2:M4,5.2:M5,6.2:M6]

//Center-to-center distance of adjacent mounting holes (custom only), mm
X_and_Y_Distance = 75; //

//Add a hole in the middle?
Additional_Hole = "Yes"; // [Yes,No]

/* [Radio Plate] */

//How wide (y) is your radio RX, mm?
Radio_Width = 34.5;

//How long (x) is your radio RX, mm?
Radio_Length = 52;

//How many cable-ties to hold the radio down?
Cable_Tie_Ct = 2; // [0:3]

//How wide are your cable-ties, mm?
Cable_Tie_Width = 4;

//How tall do you want the supports, mm?
Support_Height = 5;

/* [Control plate] */

Control_Board = 2; // [1:KK2,2:Custom]

//Center-to-center distance in X-direction (custom only), mm
Control_Board_X = 33;

//Center-to-center distance in Y-direction (custom only), mm
Control_Board_Y = 33;

//How tall to make standoffs
Standoff_Height = 6;

//What size bolt to attach board (custom only)
Control_Board_Bolt = 2.5; // [1.6:M2,2.05:M2.5,2.5:M3,3.5:M4,4.5:M5]

/* [Slotted Plate] */

//How wide do you want the slots, mm?
Slot_Width = 3; // [1:5]

//Note: Too many wide slots will intersect.
Number_of_Slots = 11;

Profile = 1; // [1:Rounded,2:Square]

/* [Custom Plate] */

//Size of holes, mm
Hole_Diameter = 3;

//Matrix of hole coordinates, ex: [[1,2], [2,3]]
Hole_Matrix = [[-22, -22], [-22, 22], [22, -22], [22, 22]];

//Hole diameter inside standoffs, mm
Standoff_Hole_D = 2.5;

//How tall to make the standoffs, mm
Custom_Standoff_Height = 6;

//Matrix of standoff coordinates, ex: [[1,2], [2,3]]
Standoff_Matrix = [[-15, -15], [-15, 15], [15, -15], [15, 15]];

//CUSTOMIZER VARIABLES END

/* [Hidden] */

Support_Width = 4; // How wide the radio structure will be

Support_Length = 4; // How long the corners are

Radio_Dim_Margin = 0.3; // Makes the holder a little bit bigger than measured so there is no interference

AntiCoPlanar = 0.2; // Make things bigger by this much so there are not ambiguous faces

Safety_Perimeter = 3; // Distance between the bolt hole and the edge of the plate

//***************************************************

module makeBase(){

	q = X_and_Y_Distance;

	if (Multirotor_Platform == 1){
		difference(){
			baseExtrude(68.25);
			baseHoles(68.25);
		}
	}

	if (Multirotor_Platform == 2){
		difference(){
			baseExtrude(q);
			baseHoles(q);
		}
	}

	if (Multirotor_Platform == 3){
		difference(){
			baseExtrude(q);
			baseHoles(q);
		}
	}

}

//***************************************************

module makeCustomPlate(){

	difference(){
		union(){
			addStandOffs(Standoff_Matrix, Standoff_Hole_D, Custom_Standoff_Height);
			makeBase();
		}
		addHoles(Hole_Matrix, Hole_Diameter);
	}
}

//***************************************************

module makeSlots(dist){

	availableXY = dist - 2*Safety_Perimeter - Mounting_Bolt_Size;
	supportX = (availableXY - (Number_of_Slots * Slot_Width))/(Number_of_Slots - 1);
	echo(supportX);
	offset = supportX + Slot_Width;

	translate([-availableXY/2 + Slot_Width/2, 0, 0])
	for (i = [0:Number_of_Slots-1]){
		if (Profile == 1){
			translate([i * offset, 0, 0]){
				union(){
					cube([Slot_Width, availableXY - Slot_Width, 2*Plate_Thickness], center = true);
					translate([0, (availableXY - Slot_Width)/2, 0])	{
						cylinder(h = 2*Plate_Thickness, r = Slot_Width/2, center = true);
					}
					translate([0, -(availableXY - Slot_Width)/2, 0]){
						cylinder(h = 2*Plate_Thickness, r = Slot_Width/2, center = true);
					}
				}
			}
		}
		if (Profile == 2){
			translate([i * offset, 0, 0]){
				cube([Slot_Width, availableXY, 2*Plate_Thickness], center = true);
			}
		}
	}

}

//***************************************************

module radioSupport(){

	translate([0, 0, Support_Height/2 + Plate_Thickness/2]){
		difference(){
			cube([Radio_Length + Support_Width, Radio_Width + Support_Width, Support_Height + AntiCoPlanar], center = true);
			cube([Radio_Length + Radio_Dim_Margin, Radio_Width + Radio_Dim_Margin, Support_Height + 2*AntiCoPlanar], center = true);
			cube([Radio_Length + 2*Support_Width + AntiCoPlanar, Radio_Width - 2*Support_Length, Support_Height + 2*AntiCoPlanar], center = true);
			cube([Radio_Length - 2*Support_Length, Radio_Width + 2*Support_Width + AntiCoPlanar, Support_Height + 2*AntiCoPlanar], center = true);
		}
	}
}

//***************************************************

module makeControlBoardPlate(){

	customX = Control_Board_X/2;
	customY = Control_Board_Y/2;

	if (Control_Board == 1){
		union(){
			makeBase();
			addStandOffs([[-22,-22],[-22,22],[22,-22],[22,22]], 2.5, Standoff_Height);
		}
	}

	if (Control_Board == 2){
		union(){
			makeBase();
			addStandOffs([[-customX,-customY],[-customX,customY],[customX,-customY],[customX,customY]], Control_Board_Bolt, Standoff_Height);
		}
	}

}

//***************************************************

module makeRadioPlate(){

	union(){
		difference(){
			makeBase();
			cableTieHoles();
		}
		radioSupport();
	}

}

//***************************************************

module makeSlotPlate(s){

	difference(){
		makeBase();
		makeSlots(s);
	}

}

//***************************************************

module baseExtrude(Hole_Spacing){

	Square_Dims = Hole_Spacing + Mounting_Bolt_Size + Safety_Perimeter;
	cube([Square_Dims, Square_Dims, Plate_Thickness], center = true);

}

//****************************************************

module addStandOffs(location, diameter, height){

	for (i = location){
		translate([i[0], i[1], Plate_Thickness/2 + height/2])
		difference(){
			cylinder(h = height + AntiCoPlanar, r = (diameter + 3)/2, center = true, $fn = 20);
			cylinder(h = height + 2*AntiCoPlanar, r = diameter/2, center = true, $fn = 20);
		}
	}

}

//****************************************************

module cableTieHoles(){

	Hole_Y_Top = Radio_Width/2 + Support_Width + Cable_Tie_Width/2;
	Hole_Y_Bottom = -Hole_Y_Top;

	if (Cable_Tie_Ct == 0) {  }  //Do nothing

	if (Cable_Tie_Ct == 1) {
		addHoles([[0,Hole_Y_Top],[0, Hole_Y_Bottom]], Cable_Tie_Width);
	}

	if (Cable_Tie_Ct == 2) {
		addHoles([[-0.25*Radio_Length, Hole_Y_Top], [0.25*Radio_Length, Hole_Y_Top],
			[-0.25*Radio_Length, Hole_Y_Bottom], [0.25*Radio_Length, Hole_Y_Bottom]], Cable_Tie_Width);
	}

	if (Cable_Tie_Ct == 3) {
		addHoles([[-0.4*Radio_Length, Hole_Y_Top], [0.4*Radio_Length, Hole_Y_Top],
			[0, Hole_Y_Top], [0, Hole_Y_Bottom],
			[-0.4*Radio_Length, Hole_Y_Bottom], [0.4*Radio_Length, Hole_Y_Bottom]], Cable_Tie_Width);
	}

}

//****************************************************

module baseHoles(xyDim){

	if (Additional_Hole == "Yes"){
		addHoles([[0, xyDim/2], [0, -xyDim/2],
			[-xyDim/2, 0], [xyDim/2, 0]], Mounting_Bolt_Size);
	}

	addHoles([[-xyDim/2, -xyDim/2], [-xyDim/2, xyDim/2],
		[xyDim/2, -xyDim/2], [xyDim/2, xyDim/2]], Mounting_Bolt_Size);

}

//****************************************************

module addHoles(pos, dia){		//Add hole at [x, y, d]

	for (i = pos){
		translate([i[0], i[1], 0]) cylinder(h = 2*(Plate_Thickness + Support_Height), r = dia/2, center = true, $fn = 10);
	}

}

//*****************************************************

//Here is the runtime stuff

if (Plate_Type == 1) {
	translate([0, 0, Plate_Thickness/2]) makeRadioPlate();
}

if (Plate_Type == 2) {
	translate([0, 0, Plate_Thickness/2]) makeControlBoardPlate();
}

if (Plate_Type == 3) {
	translate([0, 0, Plate_Thickness/2])
	if (Multirotor_Platform == 1){
		makeSlotPlate(68.25);
	}

	translate([0, 0, Plate_Thickness/2])
	if (Multirotor_Platform == 3){
		makeSlotPlate(X_and_Y_Distance);
	}

}

if (Plate_Type == 4){
	translate([0, 0, Plate_Thickness/2]){
		makeCustomPlate();
	}
}

```


[User]
I'm looking to create end caps for pipes, mostly for aesthetic and practical reasons. I'd like to be able to specify the outside diameter and the inside diameter of the pipe I'm using, and have the OpenSCAD file generate a cap that fits. I'm thinking a kind of rounded cap, not just a flat disc. Something with a bit of a flange to it that will slip *just* into the pipe and also sit nicely on the outside.

I’m also thinking about the process of manufacturing these. So I would like to have both the design for a single print and a split print.  Specifically, the single print should have a rounded cap that overlaps the pipe on the outside, and slides slightly into the pipe.  For the split, I would like it to be two separate halves - a rounded cap that is intended to fit snuggly over the *outside* of the pipe, and another inner flange that snugly fits *inside* the pipe. The split design should allow for printing the parts separately and then assembling them with glue.

Ideally, the generated SCAD files should be parametric so that I can easily adjust the inside and outside diameters of the pipe using the customizer. Please make use of the `MCAD` library for standard nuts & bolts - I'll likely need to screw some end caps in with a standard fastener later on. If you can add a small recess or hole for those screw fasteners that would be very helpful.

[Assistant]
endcap.scad:
```
outside_diameter = 42 ;	// [20:100]
inside_diameter = 37 ;	// [18:98]

module EndCap(id, od) {
    walls = od - id ;
    depth = .2 * od ;
    height = depth / 2 ;
    r = (pow(2 * height, 2) + pow((od + walls) / 2, 2)) / (4 * height) ;

    intersection() {
        union() {
            cylinder(h=height, r=(od + walls) / 2);
            translate([0, 0, height]) {
                difference() {
                    cylinder(h=depth, r1=(od + walls) / 2, r2=od / 2) ;
                    translate([0, 0, -1])
                        cylinder(h=depth + 2, r=od / 2) ;
                }
                difference() {
                    cylinder(h=depth, r=id/2) ;
                    translate([0, 0, -1])
                        cylinder(h=depth + 2, r=(id - walls) / 2) ;
                }
            }
        }
        translate([0, 0, r - height]) sphere(r) ;
        cylinder(h=depth + height, r=(od + 2 * walls / 3) / 2) ;
    }
}

EndCap(inside_diameter, outside_diameter) ;

```


[User]
I'd like to create a vase-like object based on ruled surfaces connecting two curves, similar to the provided example. The base should be an ellipse, and the top should be a Lissajous curve. I'd like to be able to control the following parameters:

*   **Overall Height:** The height of the vase.
*   **Wall Thickness:** The thickness of the vase walls.
*   **Base Radius:** The radius of the base ellipse (along the y-axis; the x-axis will scale based on eccentricity).
*   **Base Eccentricity:**  A value that scales the x-radius of the base ellipse; 1 would be a circle, and larger values would be more elliptical.
*   **Top Radius:** The radius of the Lissajous curve.
*   **Top Eccentricity:** Like base eccentricity, this scales the x-radius of the Lissajous curve at the top; I'd like to be able to use reciprocal values to make the top and bottom inverse ellipses.
*   **Make Base:** A boolean to optionally include a flat, filled base.
*   **Surface Resolution:** How many steps to use when creating the surface; more will be smoother but slower.
*   **Cylinder Resolution:** How many sides to use for the cylinders that make up the ruled surface.
*   **Lissajous A, B, and Theta Parameters:** These control the shape of the Lissajous curve at the top.

Could you generate an OpenSCAD file (or files, if it makes sense to organize it this way) that does this? Also, can you please ensure that the code does not use any external libraries like MCAD, BOSL, or similar? Just want to keep it simple and use the built-in OpenSCAD functions.  It should be completely parametric based on the parameters listed above.

[Assistant]
ruled_lissajous-vase-cust.scad:
```
// Height of vase
Height=60;
//Thickness of wall and base
Thickness=0.5;
// Base Radius
Radius_base=20;
//Base eccentricity 1 = circular
Eccentricity_base=1.4;
//Top Radius
Radius_top=20;
//Top eccentricity
Eccentricity_top=1/1.4;

// Include Base
Make_base=1;  // [0,1]

// Resolution of surface
Steps=150;

// Resolution of cylinder
Sides=10;

//  Lissajous parameters
A=1;
B=1;
Theta=90;

function norm(v) =
    pow(v.x*v.x + v.y*v.y + v.z*v.z,0.5);

module orient_to(origin, normal) {
      translate(origin)
      rotate([0, 0, atan2(normal.y, normal.x)])
      rotate([0, atan2(sqrt(pow(normal.x, 2)+pow(normal.y, 2)),normal.z), 0])
      child();
}

module slice(x,thickness,params) {
    assign(pa = f(x,params))
    assign(pb = g(x,params))
    assign(length = norm(pb-pa))
    orient_to(pa,pb-pa)
        cylinder(r=thickness,h=length);
};

module ruled_surface(limit,step,thickness=1,params) {
 for (x=[0:step:limit])
  hull() {
      slice(x,thickness,params);
      slice(x+step,thickness,params);
  }
};

module ground(size=50) {
   translate([0,0,-size]) cube(2*size,center=true);
}

module ruler(n) {
   for (i=[0:n-1])
       translate([(i-n/2 +0.5)* 10,0,0]) cube([9.8,5,2], center=true);
}

function f(x,p) = [Eccentricity_base*Radius_base * (cos(x*360 ) ),
                   Radius_base * (sin(x*360) ),
                   0];
function g(x,p) = [Eccentricity_top*Radius_top * (cos(A*x*360+Theta) ) ,
                   Radius_top * (sin(B*x*360+Theta) ),
                   Height];

Step=1/Steps;

$fn= Sides;

scale(1.5) {

  difference() {
   ruled_surface(1,Step,Thickness);
   ground();
 //  cube(50);
 }
 if (Make_base==1)
     linear_extrude(height=Thickness) scale([Eccentricity_base,1,1]) circle(Radius_base,$fn=100);
}

* ruler(10);
```


[User]
I need a parametric OpenSCAD design for a customizable spool holder, like the one described in the attached file but with a few modifications and more flexibility. I'd like to be able to adjust the core diameter, reel width, and also the screw hole placement. Additionally, I need to be able to control the height of the base fringe. I need the option to specify both the inner and outer diameters for the taper at the top of the main cylinder and have it parametric rather than calculated.

Here's a breakdown of the parameters and elements I'm looking for:

**Parameters:**

*   `core_diameter` (CD): The diameter of the central cylinder, where the spool sits, with a range of 30 to 100mm.
*   `reel_width` (RW): The width of the main cylinder, with a range of 40 to 120mm.
*   `screw_hole_distance`: The distance from the center of the spool holder to the center of each screw hole.
*   `base_fringe_height`: The height of the base fringe.
*   `taper_outer_diameter`: The outer diameter of the taper at the top of the cylinder.
*   `taper_inner_diameter`: The inner diameter of the taper at the top of the cylinder.
*   `screw_hole_radius`: The radius of the screw holes.

**Elements:**

1.  **Screw Bracket:** A rectangular piece that is centered around the y-axis and includes two screw holes, similar to the current design.
2.  **Base Fringe:** A flat, circular flange at the base of the cylinder. I need control over its height.
3.  **Main Cylinder:** The main cylindrical body on which the spool sits.
4.  **Taper:** A tapered section at the top of the main cylinder where the inner diameter shrinks from the outer diameter of the main cylinder to the inner diameter.
5.  **Inner Cylinder:** A smaller, inner cylinder that is concentric with the main cylinder and extends to help support the spool from moving in the z direction.
6.  **Slit:** A slit or cutout on the side of the cylinder. This should be customizable. I'd like to specify the length, width, and the angle.
7.  **Slit Radius:** a fillet on the corner of the slit. This should be a parameter, too.

I would prefer the design to be robust and easily customizable using these parameters, while keeping the code well organized. Please provide a single `.scad` file that I can use.

[Assistant]
custermizing_spoolholder.scad:
```

//custermizing data

//Takuya Yamaguchi 2014/5/25

//Core Diameter
CD=38; //[30:100]

//Reel Width
RW=80; //[40:120]

difference(){
union(){
cube([20,CD+40,5],center=true); // Screw Braket
translate([0,0,0])rotate([0,0,0])
cylinder(h=5, r=CD/2+CD*0.1,$fn=48,center=true); // Base Fringe
translate([0,0,(RW+20)/2])
cylinder(h=RW+20, r=CD/2,$fn=48,center=true); //main cylinder
translate([0,0,RW+10])
cylinder(h=20, r2=CD/2,r1=CD/2+1.3,$fn=48,center=true); //taper
}
translate([0,CD/2+12,0])rotate([0,0,0])
#cylinder(h=20, r=2.8,$fn=48,center=true); //screw hole
translate([0,-(CD/2+12),0])rotate([0,0,0])
#cylinder(h=20, r=2.8,$fn=48,center=true); // screw hole
translate([0,0,(RW+20)/2+5])
cylinder(h=RW+25, r=CD/2-CD*0.05,$fn=48,center=true); //inner clinder
translate([0,0,RW*0.2+(RW+20)/2+CD/6])rotate([0,0,0])
#cube([CD/3,CD+10,RW+20],center=true); //Slit
translate([0,0,RW*0.2+CD/6])rotate([90,0,0])
#cylinder(h=RW+1, r=CD/6,$fn=48,center=true); //Slit R
}

```


[User]
Hey, I need some help designing a pneumatic quick disconnect fitting with a hose barb. I'm planning to 3D print it, and I need it to be customizable for different hose sizes. I've seen some designs out there, but I'd like one that's fully parametric so I can easily adjust the dimensions for different applications.

Here's a breakdown of the parts I'm thinking of and some dimensions I've gathered.

First, there's the **coupler body**. This is the part that the quick-disconnect mechanism is built into. It needs a main cylindrical section, a shorter cylindrical section with a wider diameter, a hexagonal section for grip or wrenching, and a sort of 'hump' or lip near the end.
*   The overall length of the coupler needs to be adjustable (I am thinking of calling this `qLen`, I've seen it set to 32).
*   The diameter of the main cylinder (before the wider section) needs to be adjustable. The inner diameter of this needs to be adjustable as well, as does the overall wall thickness.
*   The length of the wider section needs to be adjustable and I'm thinking of calling it `barrelLen`, derived from `qLen` (I've seen it set to `qLen-13.5`).
*  The diameter of the wider section (`couplerBody`) must be customizable. The inner diameter (`insertionDiam`) of this section must also be adjustable. `insertionDiam` must be derived from `couplerBody` in some way (I've seen `couplerBody - 2`). The length of the inner cylinder should be adjustable (I am thinking of calling it `insertion`).
*   The hexagonal part needs to be customizable in terms of its overall size (measured point-to-point) and extrusion length.
*   The "hump" section should have a radial offset and a cross-section that looks like a circle (or a small number of sides). The offset from the end of the coupler should be adjustable (I'm thinking of calling this `humpOffset`, and have seen it set to 7.3), and the radius of the circle should be adjustable as well.

The second part is the **hose barb**. This part needs to have a main cylinder with barbs on it and a flange at one end for gluing into the coupler. It also needs a larger diameter base for printing.
* The hose barb diameter (`barbDiameter`) must be customizable.
* There must be a cylindrical flange with a customizable thickness (`flangeThickness`) - I've seen it set to 3. It also needs to be adjustable in terms of diameter (I've seen a value equal to `couplerBody`).
*   The barb section needs a series of 'nubs' that are created using a rotational extrude of a custom 2D shape. The placement and offset of these nubs needs to be adjustable. The 2D shape used to make the nubs must be customizable.
*   The length of the main barb cylinder should be adjustable (I'm thinking of deriving it from `qLen`).
*   The base of the barb should have a larger diameter than the barb itself to ensure good adhesion. This should be on the side of the flange.
* The hole through the center of the barb should be adjustable. The default value of this should be related to the main hose barb diameter.

I'd also like to be able to easily switch between printing one size or generating all of them at once (I'm thinking of calling this `print_all`, a boolean). This means I need a way to set the standard diameters for different hose sizes (e.g., 1/4", 5/16", 3/8" which have values of 6.35, 7.9375, 9.525 mm).

I think that covers all the important dimensions. It's likely I will need to add more later on.

For this project, can you generate the OpenSCAD files from scratch, using the MCAD library where it makes sense?

[Assistant]
PneumaticConnectorCust.scad:
```

/* Pneumatic Quick Disconnect Fitting with Hose Barb
   Version 1.0
   by Kirk Saathoff
   2014-05-25
 */

use <MCAD/shapes.scad>

/* [Global] */
// Diameter of the barb
barbDiameter = 6.525; // [6.35:1/4", 7.9375:5/16", 9.525:3/8"]

// Single vs. All Three Sizes
print_all = 0; // [0:Single,1:Print All]

/* [Hidden] */
qLen = 32;
humpOffset = 7.3;
barrelLen = qLen-13.5;
insertion = 8;
flangeThickness = 3;
couplerBody = 11.71;
insertionDiam = couplerBody-2;
barbDiameter1_4 = 6.525;
barbDiameter5_16 = 7.9375;
barbDiameter3_8 = 9.525;

module coupler()
{
	difference() {
		union() {
			cylinder(r=7.92/2, h=qLen, $fn=64);
			cylinder(r=couplerBody/2, h=barrelLen, $fn=64);
			translate([0, 0, 6])
				hexagon(12, 7);

			translate([0, 0, qLen-humpOffset])
				rotate_extrude(convexity = 10, $fn=32)
					translate([3.5, 0, 0])
						circle(r = 1.8, $fn=8);

		}
		translate([0, 0, -.1]) {
			cylinder(r=4.9/2, h=qLen+.2, $fn=32);
			cylinder(r=insertionDiam/2, h=insertion, $fn=64);
		}
	}
}

module barb_nub(_barbDiameter)
{
		rotate_extrude(convexity = 10, $fn=32)
			translate([_barbDiameter/2, 0, 0]) {
				circle(r = 1.2, $fn=15);
				polygon([[0,0], [0,3], [1,.6]]);
		}
}

module barb(_barbDiameter)
{
		difference() {
			union() {
				translate([0, 0, insertion+flangeThickness]) {
					cylinder(r=_barbDiameter/2, h=qLen-(insertion+flangeThickness), $fn=64);
				}
				cylinder(r=(insertionDiam-0.3)/2, h=insertion+flangeThickness, $fn=64);
				cylinder(r=11.71/2, h=flangeThickness, $fn=32);
				translate([0, 0, qLen-humpOffset])
					barb_nub(_barbDiameter);
				translate([0, 0, qLen-humpOffset-humpOffset])
					barb_nub(_barbDiameter);
			}
			translate([0, 0, -.1])
//				cylinder(r=3.9/2, h=qLen+.2, $fn=64);
				cylinder(r=_barbDiameter/3.8, h=qLen+.2, $fn=64);
		}
}

module print_coupler(_barbDiameter)
{
	coupler();
	translate([20, 0, 0]) {
		barb(_barbDiameter);
	}
}

if (print_all) {

	print_coupler(barbDiameter1_4);
	translate([0, 20, 0])
		print_coupler(barbDiameter5_16);
	translate([0, 40, 0])
		print_coupler(barbDiameter3_8);

} else {
	print_coupler(barbDiameter);
}

```


[User] I'd like to create a simple object that can be either a cube, a cylinder, or both, and the dimensions should be easily adjustable. I'm envisioning something where I can select which shape(s) to display, and also control the height and width. Could you generate the necessary OpenSCAD code for this? I want to use a single variable called `object` to control which objects to display, where 0 will display only a cube, 1 will display only a cylinder, and 2 will display both. There should be another variable called `height` for the height of both objects, and another one called `width` for the width (and also radius) of both objects.

[Assistant]
Conditional_Example.scad:
```
/* [Global] */
object=2; //[0:cube,1:cylinder,2:both]

/* [Dimensions] */
height=20; //[1:100]
width=20; //[1:100]

module drwCb() {
		translate([width*1.5, 0, 0]) cube([width, width, height], center=true);
}

module drwCyl () {
	translate([width*-1.5, 0, 0]) cylinder(r=width/2, h=height, center=true);
}

if (object==0) {
	drwCb();
}

if (object==1) {
	drwCyl();
}

if (object==2) {
	drwCyl();
	drwCb();
}
```


[User] I'd like a design for a customizable washer. I need to be able to specify the bolt hole diameter, the outer diameter of the washer, and the thickness. The design should be a simple cylinder with a hole through it. Can you generate the OpenSCAD code for that? I'd prefer to not use any libraries unless absolutely necessary. Also please ensure the washer is centered.

[Assistant]
Washer_example.scad:
```

bolt_hole=4; //[1:10]

washer_outer_diameter=5; //[1:20]

washer_thickness=2;

difference(){
	cylinder(r= washer_outer_diameter ,h= washer_thickness ,center=true,$fn=40);

	cylinder(r= bolt_hole ,h= washer_thickness + 2 ,center=true,$fn=40);
}
```


[User]
I'd like to design a parametric glass holder, something to hold multiple glasses in a row. I have some basic ideas about the dimensions and cuts, but I'm not sure how best to implement it in OpenSCAD.

Here's what I'm envisioning:

The basic holder will be a rectangular box. I'd like to be able to adjust:
*   `larghezza`: The width of the holder (how far side-to-side it stretches).
*   `lunghezza`: The length of the holder (how deep it is).
*   `altezza`: The height of the holder.
*  `spessore`: The thickness of the box walls of the holder.

Then, I'd like to make a series of angled cuts into the top of the holder to slot the glasses into. I would like to control:
*   `numero_tagli`: The number of angled cuts.
*   `spessore_tagli`: The thickness of each angled cut.
*   `inclinazione`: The angle of the cuts.
* `distanza_tagli`: The spacing between each angled cut.

Could you generate an OpenSCAD file that uses these parameters and creates the described glass holder? I'd like to make sure I can adjust all of those values.

[Assistant]
glass_holder.scad:
```
larghezza=100; //[50:300]
lunghezza =150; //[50:300]
altezza=20; //[10:50]
spessore=20;//[10:50]
numero_tagli=7;//[1:15]
spessore_tagli=5; //[1:10]
inclinazione=60; //[45:90]
distanza_tagli=20;//[12:50]

difference(){
	difference(){
		cube([larghezza,lunghezza,altezza],true);
		cube([(larghezza-spessore),(lunghezza-spessore),(altezza+1)],true);
	}

	for(i = [-((numero_tagli/2)-1):(numero_tagli/2)])
			translate([(-(larghezza/2)-1),((i*(-distanza_tagli))+(distanza_tagli/2)),(0)])
			rotate([inclinazione,0,0])
			cube([larghezza+2,(lunghezza/2),spessore_tagli]);
}
```


[User]
I'd like to design a customizable ring with text on both the inner and outer surfaces, and I want to make sure the edges are rounded. I've seen some examples online using the `write` library for OpenSCAD, but I'd like one I can fully control with parameters.

Here's what I'm envisioning:

*   **Ring Dimensions:** The ring should have parameters for `ring_size` (using US standard sizes, which are diameters in mm - I can provide a list if needed), `ring_width`, and `ring_thickness`.
*   **Text:** It should have two text parameters, `OutterMessage` and `InnerMessage`. I'd like a parameter for the `Font` (ideally choosing from some standard dxf fonts like those in the write library - I like "write/Letters.dxf", "write/orbitron.dxf", and "write/BlackRose.dxf", but if that doesn't work we can figure out something else) and parameters for `font_size` and `font_spacing`.
*   **Rounded Edges:** The top and bottom edges of the ring should be rounded. I think I need a `halfcircle` and a `circle` module, then use a `rotate_extrude` to get the round effect, as is often done in OpenSCAD.
*   **Circular Resolution:** I should be able to adjust the resolution of the circles used, with a `circular_resolution` parameter.

Essentially, I'm trying to reproduce the functionality of the included `dual_message_ring_customizer_round_edge.scad` code, but please generate it fresh. I would like the code to rely on the `write` library for OpenSCAD.

Let me know if you need any clarification, or if there is anything else I should be specifying!

[Assistant]
dual_message_ring_customizer_round_edge.scad:
```
include <write/Write.scad>
//CUSTOMIZER VARIABLES

//(max 26 characters)
OutterMessage = "I'm Out";
InnerMessage = "I'm In";

Font = "write/Letters.dxf";//["write/Letters.dxf":Basic,"write/orbitron.dxf":Futuristic,"write/BlackRose.dxf":Fancy]

font_size = 10;//[10:20]
font_spacing = 0; //[-100:100]
ring_thickness = 1.6;//[0.8:Thin,1.6:Normal,2.4:Thick]
ring_width = 6;//[6:12]

//(US Ring Sizes)
ring_size = 18.14;//[11.63:0,11.84:0.25,12.04:0.5,12.24:0.75,12.45:1,12.65:1.25,12.85:1.5,13.06:1.75,13.26:2,13.46:2.25,13.67:2.5,13.87:2.75,14.07:3,14.27:3.25,14.48:3.5,14.68:3.75,14.88:4,15.09:4.25,15.29:4.5,15.49:4.75,2215.9:5.25,16.1:5.5,16.31:5.75,16.51:6,16.71:6.25,16.92:6.5,17.12:6.75,17.32:7,17.53:7.25,17.73:7.5,17.93:7.75,18.14:8,18.34:8.25,18.54:8.5,18.75:8.75,18.95:9,19.15:9.25,19.35:9.5,19.56:9.75,19.76:10,19.96:10.25,20.17:10.5,20.37:10.75,20.57:11,20.78:11.25,20.98:11.5,21.18:11.75,21.39:12,21.59:12.25,21.79:12.5,22:12.75,22.2:13,22.4:13.25,22.61:13.5,22.81:13.75,23.01:14,23.22:14.25,23.42:14.5,23.62:14.75,23.83:15,24.03:15.25,24.23:15.5,24.43:15.75,24.64:16]

//CUSTOMIZER VARIABLES END

inner_diameter = ring_size;
inner_radius = inner_diameter/2;
font_scale = font_size/10;
spacing_factor = font_spacing/100;
//(Number of circular slices)
circular_resolution = 90;
translate([0,0,ring_width/2])
	ring();

//MODULE DEFS
module halfcircle(r) {
	difference() {
		circle(r);
		translate([-r,0])
			square([r*2,r]);
	}
}
//top ring 2d shape
module top_ring_2d(sz=1) {
	halfcircle(sz/2);
}
//base ring 2d shape
module ring_2d(sz=1,dp=1) {
	union() {
		square([dp*2,sz],true);
		translate([0,sz/2,0]) circle(dp/*,$fn=20*/);
		translate([0,-sz/2,0]) circle(dp/*,$fn=20*/);
	}
}
//form 3d shape
module ring_3d (inradius=10,height=1,thick=1) {
	rotate_extrude(convexity = 10/*,$fn=20*/)
		translate([inradius+thick, 0, 0])
			ring_2d(height,thick);
}
//form top 3d shape
module bot_ring_3d (inradius=10,thick=1) {
	rotate_extrude(convexity = 10/*,$fn=20*/)
		translate([inradius+thick/2, 0, 0])
			top_ring_2d(thick);
}
//form top 3d shape
module top_ring_3d (inradius=10,thick=1) {
	rotate([180,0,0])
		bot_ring_3d(inradius,thick);
}
//form ring
module ring() {

	if(ring_thickness == .8){
		union() {
			difference(){
				difference(){
					translate([0,0,0])
						cylinder(r=inner_radius+ring_thickness,h=ring_width,$fn = circular_resolution,center = true);
					scale(font_scale)	{
						writecylinder(OutterMessage,[0,0,0],((inner_radius+ring_thickness)/font_scale)+.1,ring_width,space=1.05+spacing_factor,rotate=0,up=.5,center = true,font = Font);
						mirror([1,0,0]) writecylinder(InnerMessage,[0,0,0],((inner_radius)/font_scale)-0.3,ring_width,space=1.10+spacing_factor,rotate=0,up=.5,center = true,font = Font);
					}
				}
				//ring_3d(inner_radius*2,ring_width+1,$fn = circular_resolution);
				cylinder(r=inner_radius,h=ring_width+1,$fn = circular_resolution,center = true);
			}
			//add round top & bottom
			translate([0,0,-ring_width/2])
				bot_ring_3d(inner_radius,ring_thickness,$fn=circular_resolution);
			translate([0,0,ring_width/2])
				top_ring_3d(inner_radius,ring_thickness,$fn=circular_resolution);
		}

	}
	else{
		union() {
			difference(){
				difference(){
					translate([0,0,0])
						cylinder(r=inner_radius+ring_thickness,h=ring_width,$fn = circular_resolution,center = true);
					scale(font_scale)	{
						writecylinder(OutterMessage,[0,0,0],
							(inner_radius+ring_thickness)/font_scale*1.01,ring_width,space=1.05+spacing_factor,
							rotate=0,up=.5,center = true,font = Font);
						//	Adding a mirror so it is readable
						//	Increasing the spacing, since it is inside
						//	Adjusted the radius so that it will cut into the interior of ring
						mirror([1,0,0])
						writecylinder(InnerMessage,[0,0,0],
							(inner_radius)/font_scale-0.25,ring_width,space=1.10+spacing_factor,
							rotate=0,up=.5,center = true,font = Font);
					}
				}

				//ring_3d(inner_radius*2,ring_width+1,$fn = circular_resolution);
				cylinder(r=inner_radius,h=ring_width+1,$fn = circular_resolution,center = true);
			}
		//add round top & bottom
		translate([0,0,-ring_width/2])
			bot_ring_3d(inner_radius,ring_thickness,$fn=circular_resolution);
		translate([0,0,ring_width/2])
			top_ring_3d(inner_radius,ring_thickness,$fn=circular_resolution);
		}
	}
}
```


[User]
I'd like to create a customizable desk nameplate using OpenSCAD. The design should include the ability to add text, select different fonts, and choose whether the text is embossed (raised) or engraved (cut into the surface). I also want to be able to adjust the text spacing.

Here's a breakdown of what I need:

1.  **Base Nameplate Shape:**  The nameplate itself should be a specific 3D shape, defined by a `polyhedron` with a given set of points and triangles that is provided in the .scad file.
2.  **Text Customization:**
    *   I need to be able to specify up to two lines of text.
    *   The ability to use a few different fonts included in the file (like "knewave.dxf", "orbitron.dxf", "Letters.dxf", "BlackRose.dxf", and "braille.dxf") should be present.
    *   I need to choose whether the text is embossed or engraved.
    *   I want to control the text size (height), as well as spacing between the letters.
    *   The starting position of the text should be able to be adjusted, potentially using x, y, and z offset values for each text line.
3.  **Libraries:** The design should use the `Write.scad` library, to generate the text.

Essentially, the goal is to have a parametric nameplate where I can easily swap out the text, font, and text style (embossed/engraved) in order to create different nameplates. Please generate the necessary `.scad` files for me, including the main one and the `Write.scad` library file.

[Assistant]
Desk_name_plate.scad:
```
use <write/Write.scad> // use <Write.scad>
// preview[view:south, tilt:top]

//
// CUSTOMIZING

/* [Text] */ //Choose to add text
//Do you want to add text?
show_text="yes"; //[yes,no]
//Text Font
text_font="knewave.dxf";//[knewave.dxf:Knewave, orbitron.dxf:Orbitron,Letters.dxf:Letter, BlackRose.dxf:BlackRose, braille.dxf:Braille]
//What do you want the text to say at front side?
textone="Dr.";
texttwo="MAHESH KUMAR";
//default at position [0,0,0]
//text left to right
//XposText = -9; //[-5:5]
//y to come in front
//YposText = 1.5; //[-50:50]
//text bottom to top
//ZposText = 2; //[1:20]

//Text size(height)

//whether embossed(outwards) or engraved(inwards) text
text_allignment="engraved"; //[embossed,engraved]

//Spacing between adjacent letters
//text_spacing=1.5;

//default uploaded image height 10
//image_height = 0; //[-50:50]

// Load a 100x100 pixel image. (images will be automatically stretched to fit) Simple, high contrast images like logos work best.
//image_file = "image-surface.dat"; // [image_surface:100x100]

//
// ASSEMBLE BUILDING
if(text_allignment=="embossed"){
union(){

		deskname(1);
	if (show_text=="yes") {
			translate([8,0,40]){

			color("salmon")
			rotate(60,[0,1,0])   // rotate around the x axis
		rotate(90,[0,0,1])  // rotate around the y axis
			//rotate(90,[0,1,0])  // rotate around the y axis
	//	rotate(180,[1,0,0])  // rotate around the x axis
//			rotate(180,[0,1,0])   // rotate around the x axis
//			rotate(90,[0,0,1])  // rotate around the z axis
			write(textone,t=1.6,bold=0,h=9,font=text_font,space=1.3, center = true);

				}//end-of-text-translate

translate([16.6,-1,25]){

			color("salmon")
			rotate(62,[0,1,0])   // rotate around the x axis
		rotate(90,[0,0,1])  // rotate around the y axis
			//rotate(90,[0,1,0])  // rotate around the y axis
	//	rotate(180,[1,0,0])  // rotate around the x axis
//			rotate(180,[0,1,0])   // rotate around the x axis
//			rotate(90,[0,0,1])  // rotate around the z axis
			write(texttwo,t=1.6,bold=0,h=9,font=text_font,space=1.3, center = true);

				}//end-of-text-translate

		}
}//end-of-text-union
}

if(text_allignment=="engraved"){
render()
difference(){

		deskname(1);
	if (show_text=="yes") {

	translate([8,0,40]){

			color("salmon")
			rotate(60,[0,1,0])   // rotate around the x axis
		rotate(90,[0,0,1])  // rotate around the y axis
			//rotate(90,[0,1,0])  // rotate around the y axis
	//	rotate(180,[1,0,0])  // rotate around the x axis
//			rotate(180,[0,1,0])   // rotate around the x axis
//			rotate(90,[0,0,1])  // rotate around the z axis
			write(textone,t=1.6,bold=0,h=9,font="Letters.dxf",space=1.3, center = true);

				}//end-of-text-translate

translate([16,-1,25]){

			color("salmon")
			rotate(62,[0,1,0])   // rotate around the x axis
		rotate(90,[0,0,1])  // rotate around the y axis
			//rotate(90,[0,1,0])  // rotate around the y axis
	//	rotate(180,[1,0,0])  // rotate around the x axis
//			rotate(180,[0,1,0])   // rotate around the x axis
//			rotate(90,[0,0,1])  // rotate around the z axis
			write(texttwo,t=1.6,bold=0,h=9,font="Letters.dxf",space=1.3, center = true);

				}//end-of-text-translate

		}
}//end-of-text-union
}
module deskname(scale) {polyhedron(
 points=[[-2.432744e+001,-5.970898e+001,1.326839e+000],[-2.432745e+001,5.970898e+001,1.326839e+000],[2.395242e+001,5.970898e+001,1.326839e+000],[2.395242e+001,5.970898e+001,1.326839e+000],[2.395243e+001,-5.970898e+001,1.326839e+000],[-2.432744e+001,-5.970898e+001,1.326839e+000],[-2.432744e+001,-5.970898e+001,2.470245e+001],[4.665680e-001,-5.970898e+001,5.217900e+001],[4.665527e-001,5.970897e+001,5.217899e+001],[4.665527e-001,5.970897e+001,5.217899e+001],[-2.432745e+001,5.970898e+001,2.470243e+001],[-2.432744e+001,-5.970898e+001,2.470245e+001],[2.395243e+001,-5.970898e+001,1.326839e+000],[2.395243e+001,-5.970898e+001,1.131849e+001],[-2.432744e+001,-5.970898e+001,1.131849e+001],[-2.432744e+001,-5.970898e+001,1.131849e+001],[-2.432744e+001,-5.970898e+001,1.326839e+000],[2.395243e+001,-5.970898e+001,1.326839e+000],[2.395242e+001,5.970898e+001,1.326839e+000],[2.395242e+001,5.970898e+001,1.131850e+001],[2.395243e+001,-5.970898e+001,1.131849e+001],[2.395243e+001,-5.970898e+001,1.131849e+001],[2.395243e+001,-5.970898e+001,1.326839e+000],[2.395242e+001,5.970898e+001,1.326839e+000],[-2.432745e+001,5.970898e+001,1.326839e+000],[-2.432745e+001,5.970898e+001,1.131849e+001],[2.395242e+001,5.970898e+001,1.131850e+001],[2.395242e+001,5.970898e+001,1.131850e+001],[2.395242e+001,5.970898e+001,1.326839e+000],[-2.432745e+001,5.970898e+001,1.326839e+000],[-2.432744e+001,-5.970898e+001,1.326839e+000],[-2.432744e+001,-5.970898e+001,1.131849e+001],[-2.432745e+001,5.970898e+001,1.131849e+001],[-2.432745e+001,5.970898e+001,1.131849e+001],[-2.432745e+001,5.970898e+001,1.326839e+000],[-2.432744e+001,-5.970898e+001,1.326839e+000],[4.665680e-001,-5.970898e+001,5.217900e+001],[-2.432744e+001,-5.970898e+001,2.470245e+001],[-2.432744e+001,-5.970898e+001,1.131849e+001],[-2.432744e+001,-5.970898e+001,1.131849e+001],[2.395243e+001,-5.970898e+001,1.131849e+001],[4.665680e-001,-5.970898e+001,5.217900e+001],[1.784912e+000,5.713727e+001,4.997091e+001],[1.784927e+000,-5.713726e+001,4.997092e+001],[2.263407e+001,-5.713726e+001,1.352657e+001],[2.263407e+001,-5.713726e+001,1.352657e+001],[2.263406e+001,5.713728e+001,1.352658e+001],[1.784912e+000,5.713727e+001,4.997091e+001],[-2.432745e+001,5.970898e+001,2.470243e+001],[4.665527e-001,5.970897e+001,5.217899e+001],[2.395242e+001,5.970898e+001,1.131850e+001],[2.395242e+001,5.970898e+001,1.131850e+001],[-2.432745e+001,5.970898e+001,1.131849e+001],[-2.432745e+001,5.970898e+001,2.470243e+001],[-2.432744e+001,-5.970898e+001,2.470245e+001],[-2.432745e+001,5.970898e+001,2.470243e+001],[-2.432745e+001,5.970898e+001,1.131849e+001],[-2.432745e+001,5.970898e+001,1.131849e+001],[-2.432744e+001,-5.970898e+001,1.131849e+001],[-2.432744e+001,-5.970898e+001,2.470245e+001],[4.665527e-001,5.970897e+001,5.217899e+001],[4.665680e-001,-5.970898e+001,5.217900e+001],[7.743530e-001,-5.910857e+001,5.166351e+001],[7.743530e-001,-5.910857e+001,5.166351e+001],[7.743378e-001,5.910858e+001,5.166349e+001],[4.665527e-001,5.970897e+001,5.217899e+001],[4.665680e-001,-5.970898e+001,5.217900e+001],[2.395243e+001,-5.970898e+001,1.131849e+001],[2.364465e+001,-5.910857e+001,1.183399e+001],[2.364465e+001,-5.910857e+001,1.183399e+001],[7.743530e-001,-5.910857e+001,5.166351e+001],[4.665680e-001,-5.970898e+001,5.217900e+001],[2.395243e+001,-5.970898e+001,1.131849e+001],[2.395242e+001,5.970898e+001,1.131850e+001],[2.364464e+001,5.910859e+001,1.183399e+001],[2.364464e+001,5.910859e+001,1.183399e+001],[2.364465e+001,-5.910857e+001,1.183399e+001],[2.395243e+001,-5.970898e+001,1.131849e+001],[2.395242e+001,5.970898e+001,1.131850e+001],[4.665527e-001,5.970897e+001,5.217899e+001],[7.743378e-001,5.910858e+001,5.166349e+001],[7.743378e-001,5.910858e+001,5.166349e+001],[2.364464e+001,5.910859e+001,1.183399e+001],[2.395242e+001,5.970898e+001,1.131850e+001],[1.457153e+000,5.910858e+001,5.207116e+001],[1.457161e+000,-5.910857e+001,5.207119e+001],[2.467735e+000,-5.713726e+001,5.037860e+001],[2.467735e+000,-5.713726e+001,5.037860e+001],[2.467728e+000,5.713727e+001,5.037859e+001],[1.457153e+000,5.910858e+001,5.207116e+001],[1.457161e+000,-5.910857e+001,5.207119e+001],[2.432745e+001,-5.910857e+001,1.224167e+001],[2.331688e+001,-5.713726e+001,1.393425e+001],[2.331688e+001,-5.713726e+001,1.393425e+001],[2.467735e+000,-5.713726e+001,5.037860e+001],[1.457161e+000,-5.910857e+001,5.207119e+001],[2.432745e+001,-5.910857e+001,1.224167e+001],[2.432745e+001,5.910859e+001,1.224168e+001],[2.331688e+001,5.713728e+001,1.393425e+001],[2.331688e+001,5.713728e+001,1.393425e+001],[2.331688e+001,-5.713726e+001,1.393425e+001],[2.432745e+001,-5.910857e+001,1.224167e+001],[2.432745e+001,5.910859e+001,1.224168e+001],[1.457153e+000,5.910858e+001,5.207116e+001],[2.467728e+000,5.713727e+001,5.037859e+001],[2.467728e+000,5.713727e+001,5.037859e+001],[2.331688e+001,5.713728e+001,1.393425e+001],[2.432745e+001,5.910859e+001,1.224168e+001],[7.743378e-001,5.910858e+001,5.166349e+001],[7.743530e-001,-5.910857e+001,5.166351e+001],[1.457161e+000,-5.910857e+001,5.207119e+001],[1.457161e+000,-5.910857e+001,5.207119e+001],[1.457153e+000,5.910858e+001,5.207116e+001],[7.743378e-001,5.910858e+001,5.166349e+001],[7.743530e-001,-5.910857e+001,5.166351e+001],[2.364465e+001,-5.910857e+001,1.183399e+001],[2.432745e+001,-5.910857e+001,1.224167e+001],[2.432745e+001,-5.910857e+001,1.224167e+001],[1.457161e+000,-5.910857e+001,5.207119e+001],[7.743530e-001,-5.910857e+001,5.166351e+001],[2.364465e+001,-5.910857e+001,1.183399e+001],[2.364464e+001,5.910859e+001,1.183399e+001],[2.432745e+001,5.910859e+001,1.224168e+001],[2.432745e+001,5.910859e+001,1.224168e+001],[2.432745e+001,-5.910857e+001,1.224167e+001],[2.364465e+001,-5.910857e+001,1.183399e+001],[2.364464e+001,5.910859e+001,1.183399e+001],[7.743378e-001,5.910858e+001,5.166349e+001],[1.457153e+000,5.910858e+001,5.207116e+001],[1.457153e+000,5.910858e+001,5.207116e+001],[2.432745e+001,5.910859e+001,1.224168e+001],[2.364464e+001,5.910859e+001,1.183399e+001],[1.784927e+000,-5.713726e+001,4.997092e+001],[1.784912e+000,5.713727e+001,4.997091e+001],[2.467728e+000,5.713727e+001,5.037859e+001],[2.467728e+000,5.713727e+001,5.037859e+001],[2.467735e+000,-5.713726e+001,5.037860e+001],[1.784927e+000,-5.713726e+001,4.997092e+001],[1.784912e+000,5.713727e+001,4.997091e+001],[2.263406e+001,5.713728e+001,1.352658e+001],[2.331688e+001,5.713728e+001,1.393425e+001],[2.331688e+001,5.713728e+001,1.393425e+001],[2.467728e+000,5.713727e+001,5.037859e+001],[1.784912e+000,5.713727e+001,4.997091e+001],[2.263406e+001,5.713728e+001,1.352658e+001],[2.263407e+001,-5.713726e+001,1.352657e+001],[2.331688e+001,-5.713726e+001,1.393425e+001],[2.331688e+001,-5.713726e+001,1.393425e+001],[2.331688e+001,5.713728e+001,1.393425e+001],[2.263406e+001,5.713728e+001,1.352658e+001],[2.263407e+001,-5.713726e+001,1.352657e+001],[1.784927e+000,-5.713726e+001,4.997092e+001],[2.467735e+000,-5.713726e+001,5.037860e+001],[2.467735e+000,-5.713726e+001,5.037860e+001],[2.331688e+001,-5.713726e+001,1.393425e+001],[2.263407e+001,-5.713726e+001,1.352657e+001] ],
triangles=[[0,1,2],[3,4,5],[6,7,8],[9,10,11],[12,13,14],[15,16,17],[18,19,20],[21,22,23],[24,25,26],[27,28,29],[30,31,32],[33,34,35],[36,37,38],[39,40,41],[42,43,44],[45,46,47],[48,49,50],[51,52,53],[54,55,56],[57,58,59],[60,61,62],[63,64,65],[66,67,68],[69,70,71],[72,73,74],[75,76,77],[78,79,80],[81,82,83],[84,85,86],[87,88,89],[90,91,92],[93,94,95],[96,97,98],[99,100,101],[102,103,104],[105,106,107],[108,109,110],[111,112,113],[114,115,116],[117,118,119],[120,121,122],[123,124,125],[126,127,128],[129,130,131],[132,133,134],[135,136,137],[138,139,140],[141,142,143],[144,145,146],[147,148,149],[150,151,152],[153,154,155]]);}

object1(1);

```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to design a custom cup with a lithophane on the side. I have a basic SCAD file that I've been working with, but I'd really like something more parametric so I can easily adjust all the dimensions. Here’s what I’m envisioning:

The cup should be cylindrical, with a flat base and an image wrapped around the outside. I want to be able to specify:

*   **Cup Radius:** The radius of the inner cup.
*   **Wall Thickness:** The thickness of the cup wall.
*   **Wall Height:** The height of the cup's cylindrical section.
*   **Top Minimum Thickness:** The thickness of the top rim (the bit that extends past the lithophane).
*   **Base Inset:** How much the base is inset from the main wall.
*   **Base Thickness:** The thickness of the base.
*   **Lithophane Height:** The height of the lithophane image section.

I'd also need to be able to specify the image file to be used for the lithophane. I will be using image files generated with another program so it needs to read the data file from disk.

Basically, I'm looking for a fully parametric OpenSCAD design that would allow me to easily tweak the cup dimensions, and the lithophane height and use different images as needed. I'm not using any external libraries, just the built-in OpenSCAD functions. It should also be easy to use with an image that is not necessarily square; I'm not trying to force 1:1 aspect ratios on the images. Could you generate the SCAD code for this for me?

[Assistant]
newcuplitho.scad:
```
height_picture = 3; // [1:5]

Cylinder_radius= 50+0;

Cup_Radius=22.5;//in mm

Top_Minimum_Thickness=2.5;
Wall_Thickness=2.5;
Wall_Height=10;
Rc=Cup_Radius+Wall_Thickness;
Base_Incut=1.25;
Base_Thickness=2.5;
Base_Radius=Cup_Radius+Base_Incut;

// Load a 100x100 pixel image. (images will be automatically stretched to fit) Simple, high contrast images like logos work best.
image_file = "image-surface.dat"; // [image_surface:100x100]

union (){

difference(){
cylinder(Wall_Height+Base_Thickness,Rc,Rc);
translate([0,0,-1])cylinder(Wall_Height+2+Base_Thickness,Base_Radius,Base_Radius);
}

difference(){
translate([0,0,-Top_Minimum_Thickness])cylinder(Wall_Height+Top_Minimum_Thickness,Rc,Rc);
translate([0,0,-1-Top_Minimum_Thickness])cylinder(Wall_Height+2+Top_Minimum_Thickness,Cup_Radius,Cup_Radius);
}

translate([0,0,0-Top_Minimum_Thickness])cylinder(Top_Minimum_Thickness,Rc,Rc);

scale([Cup_Radius/50,Cup_Radius/50,1]) intersection(){
translate([0,0,0-Top_Minimum_Thickness])cylinder(height_picture+Top_Minimum_Thickness+1,Cylinder_radius,Cylinder_radius);

scale([1,1,height_picture]) surface(file=image_file, center=true, convexity=5);
//};

}

}

```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to get a custom enclosure designed for a PID controller I want to attach to my Rancilio Silvia espresso machine. I've seen a few designs out there, but I need something a bit more parametric so I can tweak it to fit my specific setup and PID. I'd prefer to have the design output a set of OpenSCAD files.

Here's the basic idea:

The enclosure needs to house an XMT7100 PID controller.  I have its dimensions as:
*   Width: 45mm
*   Height: 22mm (21.5+0.5)
*   Depth: 70mm

The connections are at the back of the controller, with these dimensions:
* Width 38mm
* Height 18mm
* Depth from the front of the PID 60mm

The front panel of the controller is:
* Thickness: 5mm
* Height: 23.1mm
* Width: 47.5mm

I'd like the enclosure to have a front panel that leaves the face of the PID exposed, plus it needs to have a chamfered interior to help with removal of the PID. Also, there should be ventilation holes on the top and side of the enclosure, and the side vents should have some sort of flap or baffle over them. The enclosure needs to hold on to the top crease of the Rancilio Silvia machine, angled slightly up to make the display easier to read and the buttons accessible. It should also incorporate a latch mechanism on the top.

Also, please include a mounting mechanism that makes use of the top crease of the Rancilio Silvia. I've seen that a simple clamp or lip can do the job. For the top mounting clamp mechanism, please make the clamp a triangle shape, with a cut out to allow it to flex slightly.

I'd also like the option to have some text written on the top of the enclosure. Maybe the word "Boilertemperatur" but that should be an option that can be turned on or off.

Key parameters for the OpenSCAD design need to include:
*   `wall_thickness` - Wall thickness of the enclosure.
*   `pid_width`, `pid_height`, `pid_depth` - Dimensions of the PID controller.
*   `pid_contact_width`, `pid_contact_height`, `pid_contact_depth` - Dimensions for the back contact block.
*   `front_panel_thickness`, `front_panel_height`, `front_panel_width` - Dimensions for the front panel.
*   `top_padding` - Space between the top of the PID and the top of the enclosure.
*   `bottom_padding` - Space between the bottom of the PID and the bottom of the enclosure.
* `holder_angle` - Angle of the enclosure relative to the machine.
* `text_on_top` - Boolean for writing text on top.
*   `hole_radius` - Radius of the hole for cable out.

I'm not sure if this is doable, but it would be awesome if you could also include a rough 3D model of the Silvia machine in the design for visual reference and fitting purposes, so I can more easily understand how the mounting system fits.

I'd really like this to be parametric so I can adjust things later on.  Thanks so much!

[Assistant]
PID_E_upload.scad:
```
//Select the view
part = "Print"; // [Print,OnSilvia,OnSilviaSolidRender,OnSilviaCutOpen]

//write "Boilertemperatur" on the front
do_writing="true"; // [true,false]

//Thickness of the walls in Millimeters
wallthick=2;

/* [Hidden] */

/*
Housing for a PID control for the Rancilio Silvia espresso machine
Version E, May 2014
Written by MC Geisler (mcgenki at gmail dot com)

Stop the print at 104mm to change filament and have the writing on top in another color.

Sorry for the use of German for variable names.
Have fun!

License: Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)
You are free to:
    Share - copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format
    Adapt - remix, transform, and build upon the material
Under the following terms:
    Attribution - You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.
    You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
    NonCommercial - You may not use the material for commercial purposes.
    ShareAlike - If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
*/

$fn=60;
//$fs=.5;

//PID
PIDwidth=45;
PIDheight=21.5+.5;
PIDthick=70;//70
//contacts at the back
PIDwidth_contacts=38;
PIDheight_contacts=18;
PIDthick_without_contacts=60;
//front panel
frontthick=5;
frontheight=23.1;
frontwidth=47.5;

debug=1;
//padding
PID_pad_up=8*debug;
PID_pad_down=2*debug;
shiftbox=(PID_pad_up+PID_pad_down)/2;
shifthole=PID_pad_up - shiftbox;

//PID housing
width=PIDwidth;
height=PIDheight+PID_pad_up+PID_pad_down;
thick=PIDthick+30;//70
//chamfers
upper_chamfer=(PID_pad_up+wallthick)*sqrt(2);
lower_chamfer=(PID_pad_down+wallthick)*sqrt(2);

//hole
holeradius=23/2;//23.1//16/2

//latch
latch_sq_width=1;

holderwidth=thick+2*wallthick; //thick/2;
holderlength=2.7*PIDheight;
holderthick=wallthick;
holdertriangle=wallthick*10;

holderangle=33;
holderlengthlongerangle=holderlength+holderwidth/2*tan(holderangle);
holderwidthlongerangle=holderwidth/cos(holderangle);

holderWallthick=2+0.5;
holderWalldepth=8-1;

ranfronttiefe=105;
ranfronthoehe=135;
ranfrontmetallumbieg=10;
ranfrontbreite=235;

cutsize=20;

module PID()
{
	translate([0,0,thick/2])
	union()
	{
		//main body - contacts
		translate([0,0,-PIDthick/2-PIDthick_without_contacts/2+.1])
			cube([PIDheight_contacts,PIDwidth_contacts,PIDthick-PIDthick_without_contacts],center=true);

		//main body - without contacts
		translate([0,0,-PIDthick_without_contacts/2+.05])
			cube([PIDheight,PIDwidth,PIDthick_without_contacts],center=true);

		//front panel
		translate([0,0,+frontthick/2])
			cube([frontheight,frontwidth,frontthick],center=true);
	}
}

module air_hole(length,radius,thickness)
{
	translate([-radius,0,0])
		cube([radius*2,length,thickness]);
	cylinder(r=radius,h=thickness);
	translate([0,length,0])
		cylinder(r=radius,h=thickness);
}

air_hole_r=2;
air_hole_length=5;
module air_holes_top()
{
		//air holes
		for (zz=[-PIDthick_without_contacts/2+air_hole_r:air_hole_r*4:PIDthick_without_contacts/2-upper_chamfer])
		{
			translate([-height/2-1,-width*.45,zz+air_hole_r+(thick/2-PIDthick_without_contacts/2)])
				rotate([0,90-0,0])
					air_hole(air_hole_length,air_hole_r,height/3);
		}
}

module air_holes_side()
{
	translate([shiftbox,width/2,-wallthick+thick/2-airside_thick/2-(PIDthick_without_contacts-airside_thick)/2])
		for (zz=[-1:1])
			translate([0,0,zz*airside_thick/3])
				cube([airside_height,width/2,airside_thick/3-1.5*wallthick],center=true);
}

airside_height=height*.8;
airside_thick=PIDthick_without_contacts*.85;
flap_radius=wallthick/2;
module ventflap(angle)
{
	rotate([0,0,angle])
	scale([1,3,1])
	{
		cylinder(r=flap_radius, h=airside_thick,center=true);
		translate([0,0,airside_thick/2])
			sphere(r=flap_radius);
		translate([0,0,-airside_thick/2])
			sphere(r=flap_radius);
	}
}
module ventcover()
{
	translate([shiftbox+wallthick/2,width/2+wallthick*2,-wallthick+thick/2-airside_thick/2-(PIDthick_without_contacts-airside_thick)/2])
		for (zz=[-airside_height/2:flap_radius*4.5:airside_height/2])
		{
			translate([zz,0,0])
				ventflap(-50);
		}

	//%cube([airside_height,width/2,airside_thick],center=true);
}

module housing()
{
	union()
	{
		difference()
		{
			//main box
			translate([shiftbox,0,-wallthick])
				cube([height+wallthick*2*2,width+wallthick*2*2,thick+wallthick*2],center=true);

			//air holes
			air_holes_top();
			//mirror([0,1,0])
			//	translate([height,0,0])
 			//		air_holes();

			//holes on the side, add vents later!
			air_holes_side();

			//bigger inner cutout (inner volume)
			translate([shiftbox,0,-wallthick])
				difference()
				{
					cube([height+wallthick*2,width+wallthick*2,thick],center=true);

					translate([(height+wallthick*2)/2,0,thick/2])
						rotate([0,45,0])
							cube([lower_chamfer,width*2,lower_chamfer],center=true);

					translate([-(height+wallthick*2)/2,0,thick/2])
						rotate([0,45,0])
							cube([upper_chamfer,width*2,upper_chamfer],center=true);
				}

			//PID cutout (front hole)
			translate([shiftbox+shifthole,0,0.01])
				PID();

			//cable out
			translate([shiftbox+height/2-holeradius,-width/2+holeradius,-thick/2])
				cylinder(r=holeradius,h=20,center=true);
		}

		//ventilation cover on side
		ventcover();

		//Temperatur
		if (do_writing=="true")
		{
			color("indigo")
				translate([-7.5,-24,(thick)/2])
					rotate([0,0,90])
						scale(.48)
							linear_extrude(height = 2)
								import("boilertemperatur.dxf");
		}

		//holder
		translate([-PIDheight/2-wallthick*2+.5,-width/2-wallthick*2,-holderthick])
		{
			//main holder
			difference()
			{
				translate([-holderlengthlongerangle/2,holderthick/2,0])
					cube([holderlengthlongerangle,holderthick,holderwidth],center=true);
				//cutoff holder in an angle
				translate([-holderlength,holderthick/2,0])
				{
					rotate([0,holderangle,0])
					{
						translate([-holderlengthlongerangle/2,-(wallthick+holderWallthick)/2,0])
							cube([holderlengthlongerangle,(wallthick*2+holderWallthick)*2,holderwidthlongerangle],center=true);
					}
				}
			}

			//latch to fix the holder
			difference()
			{
				rotate([0,holderangle,0])
				{
					translate([10,0,-43+5])
						rotate([45,0,0])
							cube([holderlengthlongerangle,latch_sq_width,latch_sq_width],center=true);
				}
				translate([height/2+wallthick*2-.5+height+wallthick*2*2,+width/2+wallthick*2,+holderthick-wallthick])
					cube([height+wallthick*2*2,width*2,thick+wallthick*2],center=true);

				translate([holderlength,-holderthick/2,0])
					translate([-holderlengthlongerangle/2,holderthick/2,-holderwidth/2-cutsize/2])
						cube([holderwidth,holderwidth,cutsize],center=true);
			}

			//triangle
			translate([-holdertriangle/2,holdertriangle/2,0])
				difference()
				{
					cube([holdertriangle,holdertriangle,holderwidth],center=true);
					translate([-holdertriangle/sqrt(2),holdertriangle/sqrt(2),0])
						rotate([0,0,45])
							cube([holdertriangle*2,holdertriangle*2,holderwidth*2],center=true);
					translate([(holdertriangle+wallthick)/sqrt(2),-(holdertriangle+wallthick)/sqrt(2),0])
						rotate([0,0,45])
							cube([holdertriangle*2,holdertriangle*2,holderwidth*2],center=true);
				}
			//holder top
			translate([-holderlength,holderthick/2,0])
			{
				difference()
				{
					rotate([0,holderangle,0])
					{
						translate([holderWalldepth/2,-holderWallthick-wallthick,0])
							cube([holderWalldepth,holderthick,holderwidthlongerangle],center=true);
						translate([wallthick/2,-(wallthick+holderWallthick)/2,0])
							cube([wallthick,wallthick*2+holderWallthick,holderwidthlongerangle],center=true);
					}
					translate([-holderlengthlongerangle/2,holderthick/2,-holderwidth/2-cutsize/2])
						cube([holderwidth,holderwidth,cutsize],center=true);

				}
			}
		}

	}
}

//--------------------------------------------

module rancilio()
{
	translate([0,-width/2-ranfrontbreite/2-2*wallthick,0])
		rotate([0,holderangle,0])
			translate([10,0,5])
			{
				difference()
				{
					cube([ranfronthoehe,ranfrontbreite,ranfronttiefe],center=true);
					translate([-ranfronthoehe/2,0,0])
					cube([holderWalldepth*2,ranfrontbreite-holderWallthick*2,ranfronttiefe-holderWallthick*2],center=true);

				}
				translate([-ranfronthoehe/2+345/2,0,-ranfronttiefe/2-160/2])
					cube([345,ranfrontbreite,160],center=true);

				translate([-ranfronthoehe/2,ranfrontbreite/2,ranfronttiefe/2])
				{
					translate([23+18/2,-16-70/2,0+3/2])
						cube([18,70,3],center=true);
					translate([100,-35,0+35/2])
						cylinder(r=23,h=35,center=true);
				}
			}
}

//--------------------------------------------

if (part=="Print")
{
	//for printing
	rotate([0,0,0])
	{
		%translate([shiftbox+shifthole,0,0])
			PID();
		housing();

		//%rancilio();
	}
}

if (part=="OnSilvia")
{
	//for viewing
	rotate([0,90-holderangle,-90])
	{
		%translate([shiftbox+shifthole,0,0])
			PID();
		housing();

		%rancilio();
	}
}

if (part=="OnSilviaSolidRender")
{
	//for viewing
	rotate([0,90-holderangle,-90])
	{
		translate([shiftbox+shifthole,0,0])
			PID();
		housing();

		rancilio();
	}
}

if (part=="OnSilviaCutOpen")
{
	//for viewing
	rotate([0,90-holderangle,-90])
	{
	*	%translate([shiftbox+shifthole,0,0])
			PID();
	*	housing();

		difference()
		{
			housing();
			translate([-70,-15*0,-70])
				cube(140,140,140);
		}

		%rancilio();
	}
}

```


[User]
Hey there! I'm looking to generate a customizable horn shape using OpenSCAD, similar to what I've seen before, but with a bit more flexibility. I'd like to be able to control the following parameters:

*   **Height:** The overall height of the horn.
*   **Twist:** The amount of twist applied to the horn as it extrudes.
*   **Taper:** How much the horn widens from its base to the top. A value of 1 would be a straight extrusion, and larger values will create more of a cone.
*   **Offset:** The distance the circular extrusion starts away from the center.
*   **Radius:** The radius of the initial circular extrusion.
*   **Thickness:** The thickness of the extruded circle, generating a hollow form.

I'd like it to use `linear_extrude` for the main shape, with a `difference` operation for hollowing it out. It's important that the hollow is centered, even when `Offset` is nonzero. The `linear_extrude` should rotate the horn 180 degrees about the y-axis so it opens up along the z-axis. And finally, I'd like to be able to control the $fn value.

Could you generate the OpenSCAD code for me? No need to include any libraries, just the core scad file.

[Assistant]
customizable_horn.scad:
```
//
//	Customizable Horn
//		Steve Medwin
//		May 29, 2014
//
$fn=120*1;
//
//	Customizing
//

Height=30;	// [10:100]
Twist=90;	// [0:360]
Taper=3;		// [1:10]
Offset=5;	// [0:10]
Radius=4;	// [1:10]
//(Must be less than radius or will be set to one)
Thickness=1;	//	[1:9]

module ring(){
	difference() {
		circle(r = Radius);
		if (Thickness>Radius) {
			circle(r=Radius-1);
		} else {
			circle(r = Radius-Thickness);
		}
	}
}

translate([0,0,Height])
rotate(a=[0,180,0]) {
	linear_extrude(height = Height, center = false, convexity = 10, twist = Twist, scale=Taper)
	translate([Offset, 0, 0]) ring();
}

```