[User]
Hey, I'm looking to generate some 3D projections of 4D polytopes, specifically the hypercube and its truncations. I have a basic understanding of OpenSCAD, and I'd like a parametric design that I can easily adjust.

Here's what I'm thinking:

*   **Core Goal:** I want to be able to visualize different truncations of the 4D hypercube by projecting them into 3D. The code I have gives me some control over that, but it's not very modular. I'd like something more flexible, and easy to use.

*   **Truncation Types:** I'd like to start with the convex uniform truncations, so: the hypercube itself, the 16-cell, the truncated hypercube, the truncated 16-cell, the mid-edge truncated hypercube, and the mid-edge truncated 16-cell (which is the 24-cell). If it's not too difficult, I also want to be able to experiment with some of those others, like "0111", "0101", and so on.

*   **Viewpoint Control:** I need flexible control over the viewpoint. I would like to be able to choose between a perspective projection from a point, and an orthographic projection from infinity.  Also, I want to specify the viewpoint's direction, either by using a 4D vector or by choosing a center of projection that is centered on the cell, vertex, edge, or face. When using a 4D vector, I want to be able to set the coordinates of the vector, and its distance from the origin.

*   **Initial Vertex:** I'll want to adjust the initial vertex used to generate the 4D polytope before truncating. I'd like to specify the angles in the xy-plane, from the xy-plane, and from the xyz-space, and the distance from the origin. The truncation itself, as specified above, should be a parameter.

*   **Edge Visualization:**  The edges of the 3D projection are drawn using cylinders with spherical caps. I would like to specify the minimum and maximum thickness of the edges. The code I have scales this thickness based on the distance from the viewpoint, and that would also be good to have in the code.

*   **Libraries:** I think I'll need to do a lot of linear algebra and geometry, so it'd be great if you use the BOSL2 library to do so.

*   **Modularity:** I'd like the code to be well organized with modules, so I can follow what's going on and easily tweak things in the future.

So basically, a parametric generator for 3D shadows of 4D hypercube truncations that gives me a lot of control over view, initial vertex, and edge characteristics.  Can you help with that?

[Assistant]
HypercubeTruncations2.scad:
```
//A Hypercube from any angle.

/* [View Point] */

// do you want?
what_perspective = 1;//[1:From a point, 2:From infinity]

//direction do you want?
what_view = 1;//[0:arbitrary view direction (use paramters below), 1:cell centered, 2:vertex centered, 3:edge centered , 4:face centered]

//is the x coordinate of the vector pointing at the viewpoint
a1 =1;//[-10:0.1:10]

//is the y coordinate of the the vector pointing at viewpoint
a2 = 0;//[-10:0.1:10]

//is the z coordinate of the the vector pointing at viewpoint
a3 = 0;//[-10:0.1:10]

//is the w coordinate of the the vector pointing at viewpoint
a4 = 0;//[-10:0.1:10]

//is the length of the vector pointing at the viewpoint
view_distance = 75;//[5:400]

/* [Initial Vertex] */

//truncation do you want?
which = 15;//[0:Arbitrary (use the parameters),1:Hypercube, 2:16_cell, 3:Truncated Hypercube, 4:Truncated 16_cell, 5:Mid_edge Truncated Hypercube, 6:Mid_edge Truncated 16_cell (24_cell), 7:0111, 8:0101, 9:1001, 10:1010, 11:1011, 13:1101, 14:1110, 15:1111, 16, Nonconvex 1]

//is the angle in xy-plane from the x-axis to the initial vertex
b1 = 22.5;//[0:360]

//is the angle from xy-plane to the initial vertex
b2 = 60;//[-90:90]

//is the angle from xyz-space to the initial vertex
b3 = 50;//[-90:90]

//is the distance from the initial vertex to the origin
pt_radius = 65;//[5:400]

//of an edge
min_thickness = 2;//[1:0.2:5]

//of an edge
max_thickness = 4;//[1:0.2:10]

/*  Hidden */

plot_points = 30;//[30:100]

//The bone module generates a vertical cylinder that is capped by sphere.
module bone2(rad1,rad2,height,fn){
hull(){
translate([0,0,height])
       sphere(r=rad2,center=true,$fn=fn);
sphere(r=rad1,center=true,$fn=fn);
  }  }

 // The edge module defines a bone from point p1 to point p2
 module edge2(p1,p2,rad1,rad2,fn){
     translate(p1)
     rotate(acos(([0,0,1]*(p2-p1))/norm(p2-p1)),
         (pow((p2-p1)[0],2)+pow((p2-p1)[1],2)==0 &&(p2-p1)[2]<0)?
            [1,0,0]: cross([0,0,1],p2-p1))
     bone2(rad1,rad2,norm(p2-p1),fn);
 }

// Polytope draws all the edges.
module polytope2(verts,edges,dists,minrad,maxrad,plot_points){
 for(i=[0:len(edges)-1]){
     edge2(verts[edges[i][0]],verts[edges[i][1]],
            minrad+(maxrad-minrad)*pow(1.05,-1*dists[edges[i][0]]),
            minrad+(maxrad-minrad)*pow(1.05,-1*dists[edges[i][1]]),
     plot_points);}
 }

scale = (what_perspective == 1)? 1: 10000;

v = (what_view == 1) ? scale*view_distance*[1,0,0,0]:
    (what_view == 2) ? scale*view_distance*[1,1,1,1]/2:
    (what_view == 3) ? scale*view_distance*[1,0,1,0]/sqrt(2):
    (what_view == 4) ? scale*view_distance*[1,1,1,0]/sqrt(3):
                       scale*view_distance*[a1,a2,a3,a4]/norm([a1,a2,a3,a4]);

//XB YB ZB are an orthonormal basis for the space that we project onto.
XB = triplecross([0,0,1,0],[0,0,0,1],v)/norm(triplecross([0,0,1,0],[0,0,0,1],v));

YB = triplecross([0,0,0,1],v,XB)/norm(triplecross([0,0,0,1],v,XB));

ZB = triplecross(v,XB,YB)/norm(triplecross(v,XB,YB));

pt = (which == 1) ? pt_radius*[1,1,1,1]/2:
     (which == 2) ? pt_radius*[0,0,0,1]:
     (which == 3) ? pt_radius*[1,sqrt(2)-1,1,1]/sqrt(6-2*sqrt(2)):
     (which == 4) ? pt_radius*[0,0,1,2]/sqrt(5):
     (which == 5) ? pt_radius*[1,0,1,1]/sqrt(3):
     (which == 6) ? pt_radius*[0,0,1,1]/sqrt(2):
     (which == 7) ? pt_radius*[1,0,2,3]/sqrt(14):
     (which == 8) ? pt_radius*[1,0,1,2]/sqrt(6):
     (which == 9) ? pt_radius*[1,1,1,1+sqrt(2)]/norm([1,1,1,1+sqrt(2)]):
     (which == 10) ? pt_radius*[1,1,1+sqrt(2),1+sqrt(2)]/norm([1,1,1+sqrt(2),1+sqrt(2)]):
     (which == 11) ? pt_radius*[1,1,1+sqrt(2),1+2*sqrt(2)]/norm([1,1,1+sqrt(2),1+2*sqrt(2)]):
     (which == 12) ? pt_radius*[1,0,1,1]/sqrt(3):
     (which == 13) ? pt_radius*[1+sqrt(2),1,1+sqrt(2),1+2*sqrt(2)]/norm([1+sqrt(2),1,1+sqrt(2),1+2*sqrt(2)]):
     (which == 14) ? pt_radius*[1+sqrt(2),1,1+2*sqrt(2),1+2*sqrt(2)]/norm([1+sqrt(2),1,1+2*sqrt(2),1+2*sqrt(2)]):
     (which == 15) ? pt_radius*[1+sqrt(2),1,1+2*sqrt(2),1+3*sqrt(2)]/norm([1+sqrt(2),1,1+2*sqrt(2),1+3*sqrt(2)]):
     (which == 16) ? pt_radius*[-1,1+sqrt(2),-3-sqrt(2),-5-2*sqrt(2)]/norm([-1,1+sqrt(2),-3-sqrt(2),-5-2*sqrt(2)]):
     [pt_radius*cos(b1)*cos(b2)*cos(b3),
      pt_radius*sin(b1)*cos(b2)*cos(b3),
      pt_radius*sin(b2)*cos(b3),
      pt_radius*sin(b3)];  // This is the starting vertex

I4 = [[1,0,0,0],
       [0,1,0,0],
       [0,0,1,0],
       [0,0,0,1]];

ReX = [[-1,0,0,0],
       [0,1,0,0],
       [0,0,1,0],
       [0,0,0,1]];

ReY = [[1,0,0,0],
       [0,-1,0,0],
       [0,0,1,0],
       [0,0,0,1]];

ReZ = [[1,0,0,0],
       [0,1,0,0],
       [0,0,-1,0],
       [0,0,0,1]];

ReXY = [[0,1,0,0],
        [1,0,0,0],
        [0,0,1,0],
        [0,0,0,1]];

ReXZ = [[0,0,1,0],
        [0,1,0,0],
        [1,0,0,0],
        [0,0,0,1]];

ReXW = [[0,0,0,1],
        [0,1,0,0],
        [0,0,1,0],
        [1,0,0,0]];

ReXmW = [[0,0,0,-1],
        [0,1,0,0],
        [0,0,1,0],
        [-1,0,0,0]];

ReYW = [[1,0,0,0],
        [0,0,0,1],
        [0,0,1,0],
        [0,1,0,0]];

ReYmW = [[1,0,0,0],
        [0,0,0,-1],
        [0,0,1,0],
        [0,-1,0,0]];

ReZW = [[1,0,0,0],
        [0,1,0,0],
        [0,0,0,1],
        [0,0,1,0]];

ReZmW = [[1,0,0,0],
        [0,1,0,0],
        [0,0,0,-1],
        [0,0,-1,0]];

RoXY = [[0,-1,0,0],
        [1,0,0,0],
        [0,0,1,0],
        [0,0,0,1]];

RoXY2 = [[-1,0,0,0],
        [0,-1,0,0],
        [0,0,1,0],
        [0,0,0,1]];

RoXY3 = [[0,1,0,0],
        [-1,0,0,0],
        [0,0,1,0],
        [0,0,0,1]];

ReZ = [[1,0,0,0],
        [0,1,0,0],
        [0,0,-1,0],
        [0,0,0,1]];

ReW = [[1,0,0,0],
        [0,1,0,0],
        [0,0,1,0],
        [0,0,0,-1]];

// These are the vertices in 4D.
THcube_verts4D =
     [for (l = [I4,ReW,ReZW,ReZmW,ReYW,ReYmW,ReXW,ReXmW],
           k = [I4,ReXZ,RoXY*ReXZ,RoXY2*ReXZ,RoXY3*ReXZ,ReXZ*RoXY2*ReXZ],
           j = [I4,RoXY,RoXY2,RoXY3],
           i = [I4,ReXY]
           )
             l*k*j*i*pt];

// These are the vertices projected into 3D.
 THcube_verts = [for (i = [0:len(THcube_verts4D)-1])
                      project(THcube_verts4D[i],v,XB,YB,ZB)];

// This calculates the distance from each vertex to the viewpoint.
 THcube_dists = [for (i = [0:len(THcube_verts4D)-1])
                      norm(v-THcube_verts4D[i])];

//All of the edges
THcube_edges =
      [/* Begin Outside */
       [0,1],[1,2],[2,3],[3,4],[4,5],[5,6],[6,7],[7,0],
       [8,9],[9,10],[10,11],[11,12],[12,13],[13,14],[14,15],[15,8],
         [0,8],[7,15],
       [16,17],[17,18],[18,19],[19,20],[20,21],[21,22],[22,23],[23,16],
         [1,23],[2,16],[22,9],[21,10],
       [24,25],[25,26],[26,27],[27,28],[28,29],[29,30],[30,31],[31,24],
         [4,24],[3,31],[30,17],[29,18],
       [32,33],[33,34],[34,35],[35,36],[36,37],[37,38],[38,39],[39,32],
         [5,39],[6,32],[14,33],[13,34],[25,38],[26,37],
       [40,41],[41,42],[42,43],[43,44],[44,45],[45,46],[46,47],[47,40],
         [11,47],[12,40],[41,35],[42,36],[43,27],[44,28],[45,19],[46,20],
       /*  End Outside */
       /*  Begin Inside */
       [48,49],[49,50],[50,51],[51,52],[52,53],[53,54],[54,55],[55,48],
       [56,57],[57,58],[58,59],[59,60],[60,61],[61,62],[62,63],[63,56],
         [48,56],[55,63],
       [64,65],[65,66],[66,67],[67,68],[68,69],[69,70],[70,71],[71,64],
         [49,71],[50,64],[70,57],[69,58],
       [72,73],[73,74],[74,75],[75,76],[76,77],[77,78],[78,79],[79,72],
         [52,72],[51,79],[78,65],[77,66],
       [80,81],[81,82],[82,83],[83,84],[84,85],[85,86],[86,87],[87,80],
         [53,87],[54,80],[62,81],[61,82],[73,86],[74,85],
       [88,89],[89,90],[90,91],[91,92],[92,93],[93,94],[94,95],[95,88],
         [59,95],[60,88],[89,83],[90,84],[91,75],[92,76],[93,67],[94,68],
       /*  End Inside */
       /* Begin Top */
       [96,97],[97,98],[98,99],[99,100],
       [100,101],[101,102],[102,103],[103,96],
       [104,105],[105,106],[106,107],[107,108],
       [108,109],[109,110],[110,111],[111,104],
         [96,104],[103,111],
       [112,113],[113,114],[114,115],[115,116],
       [116,117],[117,118],[118,119],[119,112],
         [97,119],[98,112],[118,105],[117,106],
       [120,121],[121,122],[122,123],[123,124],
       [124,125],[125,126],[126,127],[127,120],
         [100,120],[99,127],[126,113],[125,114],
       [128,129],[129,130],[130,131],[131,132],
       [132,133],[133,134],[134,135],[135,128],
         [101,135],[102,128],[110,129],[109,130],[121,134],[122,133],
       [136,137],[137,138],[138,139],[139,140],
       [140,141],[141,142],[142,143],[143,136],
         [107,143],[108,136],[137,131],[138,132],
         [139,123],[140,124],[141,115],[142,116],
       /*  End Top */
       /* Outside to Top Connections */
       [0,96],[1,97],[2,98],[3,99],
       [4,100],[5,101],[6,102],[7,103],
       /* Inside to Top Connections */
       [48,143],[49,142],[50,141],[51,140],
       [52,139],[53,138],[54,137],[55,136],
       /*  Top to Front Connections */
       [112,194],[113,195],[114,196],[115,197],
       [116,198],[117,199],[118,192],[119,193],
       /*  Top to Back Connections */
       [128,246],[129,247],[130,240],[131,241],
       [132,242],[133,243],[134,244],[135,245],
       /*  Top to Right Connections */
       [104,288],[105,289],[106,290],[107,291],
       [108,292],[109,293],[110,294],[111,295],
       /*  Top to Left Connections */
       [120,340],[121,341],[122,342],[123,343],
       [124,336],[125,337],[126,338],[127,339],
       /*  Begin Bottom */
       [144,145],[145,146],[146,147],[147,148],
       [148,149],[149,150],[150,151],[151,144],
       [152,153],[153,154],[154,155],[155,156],
       [156,157],[157,158],[158,159],[159,152],
         [144,152],[151,159],
       [160,161],[161,162],[162,163],[163,164],
       [164,165],[165,166],[166,167],[167,160],
         [145,167],[146,160],[166,153],[165,154],
       [168,169],[169,170],[170,171],[171,172],
       [172,173],[173,174],[174,175],[175,168],
         [148,168],[147,175],[174,161],[173,162],
       [176,177],[177,178],[178,179],[179,180],
       [180,181],[181,182],[182,183],[183,176],
         [149,183],[150,176],[158,177],[157,178],[169,182],[170,181],
       [184,185],[185,186],[186,187],[187,188],
       [188,189],[189,190],[190,191],[191,184],
         [155,191],[156,184],[185,179],[186,180],
         [187,171],[188,172],[189,163],[190,164],
       /*  End Bottom */
       /* Outside to Bottom Connections */
       [40,184],[41,185],[42,186],[43,187],
       [44,188],[45,189],[46,190],[47,191],
       /* Inside to Bottom Connections */
       [88,151],[89,150],[90,149],[91,148],
       [92,147],[93,146],[94,145],[95,144],
       /*  Bottom to Front Connections */
       [160,234],[161,235],[162,236],[163,237],
       [164,238],[165,239],[166,232],[167,233],
       /*  Bottom to Back Connections */
       [176,286],[177,287],[178,280],[179,281],
       [180,282],[181,283],[182,284],[183,285],
       /*  Bottom to Right Connections */
       [152,332],[153,333],[154,334],[155,335],
       [156,328],[157,329],[158,330],[159,331],
       /*  Bottom to Left Connections */
       [168,376],[169,377],[170,378],[171,379],
       [172,380],[173,381],[174,382],[175,383],
       /* Begin Front */
       [192,193],[193,194],[194,195],[195,196],
       [196,197],[197,198],[198,199],[199,192],
       [200,201],[201,202],[202,203],[203,204],
       [204,205],[205,206],[206,207],[207,200],
         [192,200],[199,207],
       [208,209],[209,210],[210,211],[211,212],
       [212,213],[213,214],[214,215],[215,208],
         [193,215],[194,208],[214,201],[213,202],
       [216,217],[217,218],[218,219],[219,220],
       [220,221],[221,222],[222,223],[223,216],
         [196,216],[195,223],[222,209],[221,210],
       [224,225],[225,226],[226,227],[227,228],
       [228,229],[229,230],[230,231],[231,224],
         [197,231],[198,224],[206,225],[205,226],[217,230],[218,229],
       [232,233],[233,234],[234,235],[235,236],
       [236,237],[237,238],[238,239],[239,232],
         [203,239],[204,232],[233,227],[234,228],
         [235,219],[236,220],[237,211],[238,212],
       /*  End Front */
       /*  Outside to Front Connections */
       [16,208],[17,209],[18,210],[19,211],
       [20,212],[21,213],[22,214],[23,215],
       /*  Inside to Front Connections */
       [71,224],[70,225],[69,226],[68,227],
       [67,228],[66,229],[65,230],[64,231],
       /*  Front to Right Connections */
       [200,311],[201,310],[202,309],[203,308],
       [204,307],[205,306],[206,305],[207,304],
       /*  Front to Left Connections */
       [216,359],[217,358],[218,357],[219,356],
       [220,355],[221,354],[222,353],[223,352],
       /*  Begin Back */
       [240,241],[241,242],[242,243],[243,244],
       [244,245],[245,246],[246,247],[247,240],
       [248,249],[249,250],[250,251],[251,252],
       [252,253],[253,254],[254,255],[255,248],
         [240,248],[247,255],
       [256,257],[257,258],[258,259],[259,260],
       [260,261],[261,262],[262,263],[263,256],
         [241,263],[242,256],[262,249],[261,250],
       [264,265],[265,266],[266,267],[267,268],
       [268,269],[269,270],[270,271],[271,264],
         [244,264],[243,271],[270,257],[269,258],
       [272,273],[273,274],[274,275],[275,276],
       [276,277],[277,278],[278,279],[279,272],
         [245,279],[246,272],[254,273],[253,274],[265,278],[266,277],
       [280,281],[281,282],[282,283],[283,284],
       [284,285],[285,286],[286,287],[287,280],
         [251,287],[252,280],[281,275],[282,276],
         [283,267],[284,268],[285,259],[286,260],
       /*  End Back */
       /*  Outside to Back Connections */
       [32,272],[33,273],[34,274],[35,275],
       [36,276],[37,277],[38,278],[39,279],
       /*  Inside to Back Connections */
       [87,256],[86,257],[85,258],[84,259],
       [83,260],[82,261],[81,262],[80,263],
       /*  Back to Right Connections */
       [248,327],[249,326],[250,325],[251,324],
       [252,323],[253,322],[254,321],[255,320],
       /*  Back to Left Connections */
       [264,375],[265,374],[266,373],[267,372],
       [268,371],[269,370],[270,369],[271,368],
       /*  Begin Right */
       [288,289],[289,290],[290,291],[291,292],
       [292,293],[293,294],[294,295],[295,288],
       [296,297],[297,298],[298,299],[299,300],
       [300,301],[301,302],[302,303],[303,296],
         [288,296],[295,303],
       [304,305],[305,306],[306,307],[307,308],
       [308,309],[309,310],[310,311],[311,304],
         [289,311],[290,304],[310,297],[309,298],
       [312,313],[313,314],[314,315],[315,316],
       [316,317],[317,318],[318,319],[319,312],
         [292,312],[291,319],[318,305],[317,306],
       [320,321],[321,322],[322,323],[323,324],
       [324,325],[325,326],[326,327],[327,320],
         [293,327],[294,320],[302,321],[301,322],[313,326],[314,325],
       [328,329],[329,330],[330,331],[331,332],
       [332,333],[333,334],[334,335],[335,328],
         [299,335],[300,328],[329,323],[330,324],
         [331,315],[332,316],[333,307],[334,308],
       /*  End Right */
       /*  Outside to Right Connections */
       [8,296],[9,297],[10,298],[11,299],
       [12,300],[13,301],[14,302],[15,303],
       /*  Inside to Right Connections */
       [56,319],[57,318],[58,317],[59,316],
       [60,315],[61,314],[62,313],[63,312],
       /*  Begin Left */
       [336,337],[337,338],[338,339],[339,340],
       [340,341],[341,342],[342,343],[343,336],
       [344,345],[345,346],[346,347],[347,348],
       [348,349],[349,350],[350,351],[351,344],
         [336,344],[343,351],
       [352,353],[353,354],[354,355],[355,356],
       [356,357],[357,358],[358,359],[359,352],
         [337,359],[338,352],[358,345],[357,346],
       [360,361],[361,362],[362,363],[363,364],
       [364,365],[365,366],[366,367],[367,360],
         [340,360],[339,367],[366,353],[365,354],
       [368,369],[369,370],[370,371],[371,372],
       [372,373],[373,374],[374,375],[375,368],
         [341,375],[342,368],[350,369],[349,370],[361,374],[362,373],
       [376,377],[377,378],[378,379],[379,380],
       [380,381],[381,382],[382,383],[383,376],
         [347,383],[348,376],[377,371],[378,372],
         [379,363],[380,364],[381,355],[382,356],
       /*  End Left */
       /*  Outside to Left Connections */
       [24,360],[25,361],[26,362],[27,363],
       [28,364],[29,365],[30,366],[31,367],
       /*  Inside to Left Connections  */
       [72,351],[73,350],[74,349],[75,348],
       [76,347],[77,346],[78,345],[79,344],
              ];

// The cross product in 4D
function triplecross(v1,v2,v3) =
         [v1[1]*(v2[2]*v3[3]-v2[3]*v3[2])
         -v1[2]*(v2[1]*v3[3]-v2[3]*v3[1])
         +v1[3]*(v2[1]*v3[2]-v2[2]*v3[1]),
             -v1[0]*(v2[2]*v3[3]-v2[3]*v3[2])
             +v1[2]*(v2[0]*v3[3]-v2[3]*v3[0])
             -v1[3]*(v2[0]*v3[2]-v2[2]*v3[0]),
                   v1[0]*(v2[1]*v3[3]-v2[3]*v3[1])
                  -v1[1]*(v2[0]*v3[3]-v2[3]*v3[0])
                  +v1[3]*(v2[0]*v3[1]-v2[1]*v3[0]),
                       -v1[0]*(v2[1]*v3[2]-v2[2]*v3[1])
                       +v1[1]*(v2[0]*v3[2]-v2[2]*v3[0])
                       -v1[2]*(v2[0]*v3[1]-v2[1]*v3[0])];

//Convert the 4D shadow to 3D coordinates
function project(p,V,xb,yb,zb,) =
    [xb*shadow(p,V),yb*shadow(p,V),zb*shadow(p,V)];

// In 4D this calculates the point on the shadow of point p viewed from V
function shadow(p,V)=
    V-((V*V)/((p-V)*V)*(p-V));

// This is the object that is plotted
polytope2(THcube_verts,THcube_edges,THcube_dists,
                min_thickness,max_thickness,plot_points);

 //programmed by Will Webber 2015

```


[User]
Hey, I'm working on a tripod sand foot for my photography tripod, a Manfrotto 190Xprob, and I'd like your help designing it in OpenSCAD. I have a basic design idea but need it to be parametric so I can easily tweak things.

The main idea is a ball joint that connects a base pad to a tripod fitting. The base pad should be a disc with a raised rim to prevent sinking into the sand and a central mount where the ball joint connects. The tripod fitting should be a socket that fits around the ball and then connects to a cup that fits the tripod legs.

Here are the main elements and their parameters I'd like to control:

**Ball Joint:**

*   `size`: Radius of the ball.
*   `joint_spacing`: Clearance between the ball and socket.
*   `joint_thickness`: Thickness of the arms/fingers holding the ball.
*   `joint_arms`: Number of arms/fingers.
*   `arm_width`: Width of the material removed from the arms, which will create gaps.

**Base Pad:**

*   `Pad_Radius`: Radius of the pad.
*   `Pad_height`: Distance from the center of the ball to the bottom of the pad.
*   `Pad_Thickness`: Thickness of the pad itself.
*   `Rim`: Width of the raised rim.
*   `Rim_Height`: Height of the rim.

**Tripod Fitting:**

*   `Cup_height`: Height of the cup for the tripod leg.
*   `Cup_radius`: Outer radius of the cup.
*   `Wall_thickness`: Thickness of the cup wall.

The final design should be parametric such that I can alter any of the parameters easily. I'd also like a simple module to print just the base and another to print the tripod fitting. Additionally, I'd love a demo module that rotates the tripod fitting to help visualize how it fits.

I need this to be a new design rather than an edit to my current code, as I've realised that it's a bit messy.

Could you generate the necessary OpenSCAD code for me, with all the described modules and parameters? I'm not using any special libraries other than the basic OpenSCAD library, so you don't need to include or assume any.

[Assistant]
Tripod_Sand_Foot.scad:
```
// Ball joint in SCAD by Erik de Bruijn
// Based on a design by Makerblock ( http://makerblock.com/2010/03/blender-help/ )
size=10; // size of the ball joint
joint_spacing =0.3; // some space between them?
joint_thickness = 2; // thickness of the arms
joint_arms = 5; // how many arms do you want?
arm_width = 5; // actually: how much is removed from the arms Larger values will remove more

// Pad Parameters
Pad_Radius = 30;
Pad_height = 7.5; // Height from center of ball to the bottom of the pad
Pad_Thickness = 2 ;
Rim = 2;
Rim_Height = Pad_Thickness + Rim;

// Tripod Fitting Parameters

Cup_height = 19;
Cup_radius = 14 ;
Wall_thickness = 2;

//render settings
$fs=0.8; // def 1, 0.2 is high res
$fa=4;//def 12, 3 is very nice

//print();
demo(); // turn on animation, FPS 15, steps 200

module demo()
{
    base();
rotate([sin($t*720)*28,cos($t*360*4)*28,cos($t*360*2)*20]) Tripod_Fitting();// view at an angle
//    Tripod_Fitting();// view in-line

}
module print()
{
  translate([size*5+10,0,0]) base();
  rotate([0,180,0]) Tripod_Fitting();
}

module base()
{
    // Ball
    sphere(r=size);
	translate([0,0,-size]) cylinder(r1=8,r2=6,h=3);

    // Bottom Pad
    difference()
    {
        translate([0,0,-size-Pad_height]) cylinder(r=Pad_Radius,h=Rim_Height);
        translate([0,0,-size-Pad_height+Pad_Thickness]) cylinder (h = Rim_Height+2, r=Pad_Radius - Rim,  $fn=100);
    }
    translate([0,0,-size-Pad_height]) cylinder(r=8,h=Pad_height);

}

module Tripod_Fitting()
{
difference()
{
    // Socket
	sphere(r=size+joint_spacing+joint_thickness);
	sphere(r=size+joint_spacing);
	translate([0,0,-size-3]) cube([size+joint_spacing+joint_thickness+25,size+joint_spacing+joint_thickness+25,18],center=true);
	for(i=[0:joint_arms])
	{
		rotate([0,0,360/joint_arms*i]) translate([-arm_width/2,0, -size/2-4])
			cube([arm_width,size+joint_spacing+joint_thickness+20,size+6]);
	}
}
    // Top Collum
	translate([0,0,size-2]) cylinder(r2=8,r1=8,h=5);// join socket to tripod cup
    difference()
    {
        translate([0,0,size]) cylinder (h = Cup_height, r=Cup_radius, $fn=100);// outer diameter
        translate([0,0,size +3])cylinder (h = Cup_height + 1, r=Cup_radius - Wall_thickness , $fn=100);//inner diameter
    }
}
```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to get an OpenSCAD design for a parametric mobius camera mount. I've been modifying existing designs for my various multirotors, and it's getting old. I'd like something that I can tweak easily based on the hole patterns of each frame.

Here's what I need:

*   **Parametric Base:** The base should have four mounting holes, two in the front and two in the back. These should be symmetrical about the center of the mount.
*   **Hole Spacing:** I need to be able to set the center-to-center distances for:
    *   The front two holes.
    *   The rear two holes.
    *   The distance between the front and rear hole pairs.
*   **Camera Angle:** The mount should have an adjustable camera angle that I can set.
*   **Wedge Options:** I'd like the option to use either a solid wedge to support the camera or a hollow wedge (maybe a sort of rib structure for lightness).
*   **Hole Size:** I should be able to set the diameter of the mounting holes, as they tend to vary depending on the printer.
*   **Edge Margin:** It would be great to control the amount of "meat" around the holes to make them stronger.
*   **Screw Head Clearance:**  I need to be able to set the diameter of the screw head so the model doesn't interfere with that.
*   **Velcro Strap:** If I choose the solid wedge, I'd like to have a rectangular hole that I can adjust for a velcro strap. I need to be able to set the width and height for that.

I'm thinking the design would be best if it's extruded. Also, include clearance for mounting screws (holes going all the way through), and also clearances for the screw heads. I'd like to have tool access holes for getting to the mount screws after the mount is bolted down.

I'm not familiar with the best libraries to use, but I would like to have it be a modular and easy to maintain structure if possible. I think it would be good if it could use `hull()` as well.

Could you generate the OpenSCAD code for this?

[Assistant]
mobiusmount_v2.scad:
```
//C/C Distance between front holes
front_cc = 30;
//C/C Distance between rear holes
rear_cc = 36;
//C/C Distance between front and rear holes
front_rear_cc = 49.5;
//angle of camera
angle = 20; //[10:45]
//Should a solid wedge be used?
solid_wedge = "Yes"; //[Yes,No]
//Thickness of the base
base_thickness = 2;
//Hole diameter (may need adjustment depending on printer)
hole_size = 3.2;
//Determines the amount of "meat" around the holes
edge_margin = 3;
//Diameter of screw head (to allow enough clerance)
screw_head_size = 6;
//Width of velcro strap hole (only valid for solid wedge)
velcro_width = 20;
//Height of velcro strap hole (only valid for solid wedge)
velcro_height = 3;

//Calculated variables wont be visible to Thingiverse customizer
hole_clearence = edge_margin+hole_size/2;
screw_head_clerance = screw_head_size / 2;
hole_radius = hole_size / 2;

module createBase()
{
    xFrontOffset = front_cc/2;
    xRearOffset = rear_cc/2;
    yOffset = front_rear_cc/2;
    zOffset = base_thickness/2;
    hole_radius = front_cc < rear_cc ? front_cc / 2-3 : rear_cc / 2-3;

        hull() {
            linear_extrude( height = base_thickness)
            {
                polygon(
                    points = [  [-xFrontOffset, yOffset],
                                [xFrontOffset, yOffset],
                                [xRearOffset, -yOffset],
                                [-xRearOffset, -yOffset] ],
                    convexity = 10);
            }
            union(){
                translate([-xFrontOffset, yOffset, zOffset])
                cylinder(h=base_thickness, r=hole_clearence, center = true);
                translate([xFrontOffset, yOffset, zOffset])
                cylinder(h=base_thickness, r=hole_clearence, center = true);
                translate([xRearOffset, -yOffset, zOffset])
                cylinder(h=base_thickness, r=hole_clearence, center = true);
                translate([-xRearOffset, -yOffset, zOffset])
                cylinder(h=base_thickness, r=hole_clearence, center = true);
            }
        }

}

module createWedge()
{
    yDepth = cos(angle)*65 < front_rear_cc+hole_clearence*2 ? cos(angle)*65 : front_rear_cc+hole_clearence*2;
    width = front_cc < rear_cc ? (front_cc - screw_head_clerance*2) : (rear_cc -screw_head_clerance*2);
    height = tan(angle)*yDepth;
    height2 = tan(angle)*(yDepth-10);
    height3 = tan(angle)*15;

    if( solid_wedge == "Yes" )
    {
        difference()
        {
            translate([width/2, front_rear_cc/2 + hole_clearence, base_thickness])
            rotate([0, -90, 0])
            linear_extrude(height = width)
            {
                    polygon(
                        points = [  [0, 0],
                                    [height, 0],
                                    [0, -yDepth]],
                        convexity = 10 );
            }
            translate([0, (front_rear_cc/2+hole_clearence)-yDepth/2,   tan(angle)*yDepth/2 + base_thickness])
            rotate([angle, 0, 0])
            cube(size = [width+2, velcro_width, velcro_height*2], center = true);
        }
    } else {
        translate([width/2, front_rear_cc/2 + hole_clearence, base_thickness])
        rotate([0, -90, 0])
        difference()
        {
            linear_extrude(height = width)
            {
                polygon(
                    points = [  [0, 0],
                                [height, 0],
                                [height2, -10],
                                [0, -10]],
                    convexity = 10 );
                polygon(
                    points = [  [0, -yDepth+15],
                                [height3, -yDepth+15],
                                [0, -yDepth]],
                    convexity = 10 );
            }
            translate([0,0,5])
            linear_extrude(height = width-10)
            {
                polygon(
                    points = [  [0, 0],
                                [height, 0],
                                [height2, -10],
                                [0, -10]],
                    convexity = 10 );
            }
        }
    }
}

module createMount()
{
    length = 75;

    yDepth = cos(angle)*65 < front_rear_cc+hole_clearence*2 ? cos(angle)*65 : front_rear_cc+hole_clearence*2;

    difference()
    {
        translate([0, (front_rear_cc/2+hole_clearence)-yDepth/2,   tan(angle)*yDepth/2 + base_thickness-0.1])
        rotate([angle, 0, 0])
        union()
        {
            intersection()
            {
                difference()
                {
                    translate([0, 0, 5])
                    cube( size = [39, length, 13 ], center = true );       //start with a box

                    rotate([-90, 0, 0])
                    translate([0,-5,0])
                    union()     //Remove the inside remove
                    {
                        translate([-14.5,0,0])
                        cylinder(r=3, h=length+2, center = true);
                        translate([14.5,0,0])
                        cylinder(r=3, h=length+2, center = true);
                        translate([0,-5,0])
                        cube(size = [35, 10, length+2], center = true);
                        cube(size = [29, 6, length+2], center = true);
                    }
                }
                rotate([-90, 0, 0])
                translate([0,-5,0])
                union() //Remove the outside
                {
                    translate([-14.5,0,0])
                    cylinder(r=5, h=length+2, center = true);
                    translate([14.5,0,0])
                    cylinder(r=5, h=length+2, center = true);
                    translate([0,-5,0])
                    cube(size = [39, 10, length+2], center = true);
                    cube(size = [29, 10, length+2], center = true);
                }
            }
            union()
            {
                translate([-17.1, 0, 11])
                cube(size = [0.8, 55, 0.8], center = true);
                translate([17.1, 0, 11])
                cube(size = [0.8, 55, 0.8], center = true);
            }

        }
        //remove stuff that might stick down under the base
        translate([0,0,-5])
        cube(size = [100, 100, 14], center = true);
    }
}

module clearForScrewsAndStuff()
{
    xOffsetFront = front_cc/2;
    xOffsetRear = rear_cc/2;
    yOffset = front_rear_cc/2;

    difference()
    {
        children();
        union()
        {
            //Screw holes
            translate([-xOffsetFront, yOffset, (base_thickness+1)/2])
            cylinder(h=base_thickness+1, r=hole_radius, center = true);
            translate([xOffsetFront, yOffset, (base_thickness+1)/2])
            cylinder(h=base_thickness+1, r=hole_radius, center = true);
            translate([xOffsetRear, -yOffset, (base_thickness+1)/2])
            cylinder(h=base_thickness+1, r=hole_radius, center = true);
            translate([-xOffsetRear, -yOffset, (base_thickness+1)/2])
            cylinder(h=base_thickness+1, r=hole_radius, center = true);

            //Clearing for rear screw heads
            //(Left)
            translate([xOffsetRear, -yOffset, 50+base_thickness])
            cylinder(h=100, r=screw_head_clerance, center = true);
            translate([-rear_cc, -yOffset-20, base_thickness])
            cube(size=[xOffsetRear+screw_head_clerance, 20, 100]);
            translate([-rear_cc, -yOffset, base_thickness])
            cube(size=[xOffsetRear, screw_head_clerance, 100]);
            //(Right)
            translate([-xOffsetRear, -yOffset, 50+base_thickness])
            cylinder(h=100, r=screw_head_clerance, center = true);
            translate([xOffsetRear-screw_head_clerance, -front_rear_cc/2-20, base_thickness])
            cube(size=[xOffsetRear+screw_head_clerance, 20, 100]);
            translate([xOffsetRear, -front_rear_cc/2, base_thickness])
            cube(size=[xOffsetRear, screw_head_clerance, 100]);

            //Remove overhang on mount
            //(Front)
            translate([-20, yOffset+hole_clearence, 0])
            cube(size=[40, 15, 100]);
            //(Rear)
            translate([0, -(yOffset+50+hole_clearence), 0])
            cube(size=[40, 100, 100], center = true);

            //Clearing for front screw heads
            if( tan(angle)*(front_rear_cc+hole_clearence*2) < 15 )
            {
                //remove all way through, beacuse of the (probably) low angle
                translate([-xOffsetFront, yOffset, 50+base_thickness])
                cylinder(h=100, r=screw_head_clerance, center = true);
                translate([-front_cc, yOffset, base_thickness])
                cube(size=[xOffsetFront+screw_head_clerance, 5, 100]);
                translate([-front_cc, yOffset-screw_head_clerance, base_thickness])
                cube(size=[xOffsetFront, screw_head_clerance, 100]);
                translate([xOffsetFront, yOffset, 50+base_thickness])
                cylinder(h=100, r=screw_head_clerance, center = true);
                translate([xOffsetFront-screw_head_clerance, front_rear_cc/2, base_thickness])
                cube(size=[xOffsetFront+screw_head_clerance, 5, 100]);
                translate([xOffsetFront, yOffset-screw_head_clerance, base_thickness])
                cube(size=[xOffsetFront, screw_head_clerance, 100]);
            }

            //Add holes for tool to go thrpugh mount
            translate([-xOffsetFront, yOffset, 50+base_thickness])
            cylinder(h=100, r=2.5, center = true);
            translate([xOffsetFront, yOffset, 50+base_thickness])
            cylinder(h=100, r=2.5, center = true);
        }
    }
}

clearForScrewsAndStuff()
{
    $fn = 48;
    createBase();
    createWedge();
    createMount();
}

```


[User]
I'd like to design a parametric sliding stand for a spool holder, and I'd like it to be created in OpenSCAD.

The design should consist of a base with rails, and sliding rollers that run along those rails to hold the spool. Here's a breakdown of the key features and dimensions:

**Base:**

*   The base will have a rectangular shape, with adjustable `x` length, and `y` length, say `x = 70` and `y = 130` initially.
*   The base will have a height of `z = 3`.
*   It will have rails running along the length of the base, at a distance of `bwy` apart. Let's start with `bwy = 110`.
*   The rails will have a width `ry`, initialized to `15`.
*   The rails will have a height `wz`, initialized to `10`.
*   There should also be some side supports to the base, with a width `wx` and a height `z`

**Rollers:**

*   The spool rollers will have an `slx` size and a bearing height `slx1`.  We should start with `slx = 12+5` and `slx1 = 5+5+0.9+0.9`.
*   The rollers will use bearings with a diameter `d1`, initialized to `13`, and flange rollers with diameters `d2` and `d3`, both set to `20` initially.
*  The rollers will mount on the stand using m4 bolts and nuts - I need to define the m4 clearance and nut sizes as `m4d=4+0.3`, `m4nd = 7.8+0.4`, `m4nh=3.4`, and `m4shd=8.9+0.7`.
*  There will be a second roller design that is simpler and shorter with a height `z2=13`.

**Other Dimensions:**

*   There's an offset dimension, `osz` which will depend on `wz` and `d1`: `osz=wz+1+d1/2`.
*  I need to define some small dimensions for creating support features `pw=1`, `pw1=1`, `py=4`, `pph1=wz-4`, `pph2=wz-6`.
*  I also need a dimension for fillets - `fs=2`.
*   Use `$fn=64` for smooth cylinders.

**Parametric Considerations:**

*   All of the dimensions mentioned above should be parameters that can be easily adjusted.
*   I'd like to be able to adjust the overall size of the base and the rails, as well as the size and dimensions of the spool rollers.
*   The m4 screw dimensions need to be parameterized too.

I'm imagining that the structure will use some `hull` operations, as well as difference operations for the screw holes, and the rail channels.

I'd prefer to have this as one or two files - I don't expect a library or many separate files for this. Let me know if you need any clarification.

[Assistant]
sph.scad:
```

// (C) Radus Linuxbashev 2015
// http://vk.com/linuxbashev

lay=0.2;

m4d=4+0.3;
m4nd = 7.8+0.4;
m4nh=3.4;
m4shd=8.9+0.7;

x=70;				// x length
y=130;			//	y length

bwx=60;			// spool height between sliders
bwy=110;			//	Y length beetween rails

z=3;				// height of base
ry=15;			// rail width

wx=15;			// base part size
wz=10;			// rail height

w=2;

slx=12+5;			// spool rollers X size
slx1=5+5+0.9+0.9;	// roller bearing height with washings

d1=13;		// diameter roller bearings
d2=20;		// diameter flange rollers
d3=d2;		// diameter flange rollers2

dk=205;

osz=wz+1+d1/2;

z2=13;

pw=1;
pw1=1;
py=4;
pph1=wz-4;
pph2=wz-6;

fs=2;

$fn=64;

//---------------------------
module paz(px, ppy, pz, ph) {
difference() {
union() {
hull() {
translate([0,ppy-pw-pw1/2,0]) cube([px, pw1, ph], true);
translate([0,ppy-pw/2,0]) cube([px, pw, pz], true);
} // hl
translate([0,ppy/2-ppy/4,0]) cube([px, ppy, ph], true);
} // un

} // df
} // mod paz;

module sph() {
difference() {
union() {
for (mx=[0,1]) mirror([mx,0,0])
translate([-x/2, 0, z/2]) cube([wx, y, z], true);

for (my=[0,1]) mirror([0,my,0])
for (mx=[0,1]) mirror([mx,0,0])
translate([-x/2, -y/2, z/2]) cylinder(z, wx/2, wx/2, true);

for (my=[0,1]) mirror([0,my,0])
translate([0,bwy/2, (wz+z)/2]) cube([x+wx, ry, wz+z], true);

} // un

for (myy=[0,1]) mirror([0,myy,0])
translate([0,bwy/2,0])
for (my=[0,1]) mirror([0,my,0])
translate([0,-ry/2,z+wz/2]) paz(x+wx+1, py, pph1, pph2);

for (mx=[0,1]) mirror([mx,0,0])
for (my=[0,1]) mirror([0,my,0])
translate([0,-bwy/2,0])
for (myy=[0,1]) mirror([0,myy,0])
translate([-x/2-wx/2, -ry/2, z+wz/2+0.1]) rotate([0,0,45]) cube([fs, fs, wz+0.2], true);

} // df
} // mod sph

module spsl() {
difference() {
union() {
translate([0,0,osz/2]) cube([slx, d2, osz], true);
translate([-slx/2+(slx-slx1)/4,0,osz]) rotate([0,90,0]) cylinder((slx-slx1)/2, d3/2, d3/2, true);

translate([+slx/2-(slx-slx1)/4,0,osz]) rotate([0,90,0]) cylinder((slx-slx1)/2, d3/2, d3/2, true);
} // un

%translate([0,0,osz]) rotate([0,90,0]) cylinder(slx1, d1/2, d1/2, true);

translate([0,0,osz+d2/2]) cube([slx1, d2+1, d2], true);

translate([0,0,osz-d1/2]) cube([slx1, d1/2, d1], true);

translate([0,0,osz]) rotate([0,90,0]) cylinder(slx1, d1/2+1, d1/2+1, true);

translate([0,0,osz]) rotate([0,90,0]) cylinder(slx+1, m4d/2, m4d/2, true);

translate([0,0,wz/2]) cube([slx+1, ry+lay*2, wz+lay*2], true);
} // df
} // mod spsl

module spsl1() {
difference() {
union() {
spsl();
translate([-slx/2-m4nh/2, 0, osz]) rotate([0,90,0]) cylinder(m4nh+0.1, m4nd/2+1, d3/2-3, true);

for (my=[0,1]) mirror([0,my,0])
translate([0,-ry/2,wz/2]) paz(slx, py-lay, pph1-lay*2, pph2-lay*2);

} // un

translate([-slx/2-m4nh, 0, osz]) rotate([0,90,0]) cylinder(m4nh*2+0.2, m4nd/2, m4nd/2, true, $fn=6);

for (my=[0,1]) mirror([0,my,0]) {
translate([-slx/2-1,d2/2-(d2-ry)+1.5,(wz-pph2+lay*2)/2]) mirror([0,0,1]) cube([slx+2, (d2-ry), wz]);
translate([0,d2/2,(wz-pph2+lay*2)/2]) rotate([45,0,0]) cube([slx+1, fs, fs], true);
} // for

//translate([slx/2,0,osz]) rotate([45,0,0]) translate([0,d2/2+d1/2,0]) cube([slx, d2, d2], true);

} // df
} // mod spsl1

module spsl22() {
difference() {
union() {
translate([0,0,z2/2]) cube([slx, d2, z2], true);

for (my=[0,1]) mirror([0,my,0]) {
translate([0,-d2/2,z2+w]) rotate([-90,0,0]) cylinder((d2-ry)/2, slx/2, slx/2);
translate([0,-d2/2+((d2-ry)/2)/2,z2]) cube([slx, (d2-ry)/2, w*2], true);
} // for

} // un

translate([0,0,z2+w]) rotate([-90,0,0]) cylinder(d2+1, 2.5/2, 2.5/2, $fn=8, true);

translate([0,0,wz/2]) cube([slx+1, ry+lay*2, wz+lay*4], true);

} // df
} // mod spsl

module spsl2() {
difference() {
union() {
spsl22();

for (my=[0,1]) mirror([0,my,0])
translate([0,-ry/2,wz/2]) paz(slx, py-lay, pph1-lay*2, pph2-lay*2);

} // un

for (my=[0,1]) mirror([0,my,0]) {
translate([-slx/2-1,d2/2-(d2-ry)+1.5,(wz-pph2+lay*2)/2]) mirror([0,0,1]) cube([slx+2, (d2-ry), wz]);
translate([0,d2/2,(wz-pph2+lay*2)/2]) rotate([45,0,0]) cube([slx+1, fs, fs], true);
} // for

//translate([slx/2,0,osz]) rotate([45,0,0]) translate([0,d2/2+d1/2,0]) cube([slx, d2, d2], true);

} // df
} // mod spsl2

// ---------------------------

//%translate([0,0,dk/2+12]) rotate([0,90,0]) cylinder(bwx, dk/2, dk/2, true);

//sph();

//for (my=[0,1]) mirror([0,my,0])
//for (mx=[0,1]) mirror([mx,0,0])
//translate([-bwx/2, -bwy/2, z])
spsl1();

//translate([0, -bwy/2, z])
//spsl2();

```


[User]
I need a cruise control device for my moped's throttle, and I'd like to 3D print it. It needs to be something that can clamp onto the throttle cable from below to act as a limiter, so it prevents the throttle from going to full. The design should be parametric so I can tweak it for different mopeds if needed.

Here's a general idea of what it should look like: It's basically a curved arm that wraps around the throttle cable housing. At one end there's a circular section that clamps around the housing, and the arm extends out from there. There's a screw going through the arm that'll push on the throttle cable, limiting its movement. I'm using the `polyScrewThread_r1.scad` library from aubenc on Thingiverse for the screw and nut. I'll need both a custom part for the arm and a screw and nut.

Specifically, the arm should have these parameters:

*   `thickness`: Overall thickness of the printed part.
*   `wallThickness`: Thickness of the material making up the arm, especially around the clamping circle.
*   `radius`: Radius of the inner circle of the clamp, this sits against the moped’s throttle housing.
*   `cutOff`: A distance that determines how much of the arc of the circle is removed to create an opening for the cable. This creates a gap where the arm attaches to the circle.
*   `armLength`: Length of the arm extending out from the clamp.
*   `lipLength`: Length of the lip where the screw goes through.
*   `screwDiameter`: Diameter of the screw.
*   `tolerance`: Tolerance for the screw and nut fit.
*   `nutDiameter`: Diameter of the nut (distance between flats).
*   `nutHeight`: Height of the nut.

The arm will have a circular portion at the base that's cut away a little bit. The main body of the arm will extend from this circular portion. There should be an angled lip where the screw and nut will be attached. The screw should pass through this lip, and the nut should be embedded in that same lip.

I plan on printing this in PLA, so I need to consider printability. The screw should be strong enough not to break under pressure, but I also need it to be relatively thin to not get in the way of my hand.

Could you generate the OpenSCAD code for this, including the cruise control arm and the screw and nut using the library I mentioned?

[Assistant]
CruiseControl.scad:
```
$fn = 100;

thickness = 14;
wallThickness = 5;
radius = 15;
cutOff = 6;
armLength = 75;
lipLength = 10;
screwDiameter = 8;
tolerance = 0.5;
nutDiameter = 11;       //  Distance between flats
nutHeight = 10;

module CruiseControl(){
    angle = atan((radius + wallThickness)/ armLength);
    difference(){
        linear_extrude(height = thickness){
            difference(){
                union(){
                    translate([0,radius + wallThickness,0]){
                        circle(r = radius + wallThickness);
                    }
                    polygon(points = [
                                        [0, 0],
                                        [armLength, 0],
                                        [0, radius + wallThickness]
                                    ],
                            paths = [[0,1,2]]);
                    translate([cutOff * sin(angle),radius + wallThickness + cutOff * cos(angle),0]){
                            polygon(points = [
                                                [0, 0],
                                                [wallThickness * sin(angle), wallThickness * cos(angle)],
                                                [wallThickness * sin(angle) + (wallThickness + radius + lipLength) * cos(angle), wallThickness * cos(angle) - (wallThickness + radius + lipLength) * sin(angle)],
                                                [(wallThickness + radius + lipLength) * cos(angle), -(wallThickness + radius + lipLength) * sin(angle)]
                                            ],
                                    paths =[[0,1,2,3]]);
                    }
                }
                translate([0,radius + wallThickness,0]){
                    circle(r = radius);
                }
                polygon(points = [[0, radius + wallThickness], [armLength, 0], [armLength + cutOff * sin(angle), cutOff * cos(angle)], [cutOff * sin(angle), radius + wallThickness + cutOff * cos(angle)]], paths = [[0,1,2,3]]);
            }
        }
        translate([(wallThickness + radius + 1/2 * lipLength) * cos(angle), radius + wallThickness - (lipLength) * sin(angle), 1/2 * thickness]){
            rotate([90,30,-angle]){
                linear_extrude(height = 100){
                    circle(r = screwDiameter / 2 + tolerance);
                }
            }
            rotate([90,30,-angle]){
                translate([0,0,5]){
                    hex_nut(nutDiameter + tolerance, 100, 1, 45, 0, 0.5);
                }
            }
            rotate([-90,30,-angle]){
                linear_extrude(height = 100){
                    circle(r = screwDiameter / 2 + tolerance);
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

/*
 *    polyScrewThread_r1.scad    by aubenc @ Thingiverse
 *
 * This script contains the library modules that can be used to generate
 * threaded rods, screws and nuts.
 *
 * http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:8796
 *
 * CC Public Domain
 */

module screw_thread(od,st,lf0,lt,rs,cs)
{
    or=od/2;
    ir=or-st/2*cos(lf0)/sin(lf0);
    pf=2*PI*or;
    sn=floor(pf/rs);
    lfxy=360/sn;
    ttn=round(lt/st+1);
    zt=st/sn;

    intersection()
    {
        if (cs >= -1)
        {
           thread_shape(cs,lt,or,ir,sn,st);
        }

        full_thread(ttn,st,sn,zt,lfxy,or,ir);
    }
}

module hex_nut(df,hg,sth,clf,cod,crs)
{

    difference()
    {
        hex_head(hg,df);

        hex_countersink_ends(sth/2,cod,clf,crs,hg);

        screw_thread(cod,sth,clf,hg,crs,-2);
    }
}

module hex_screw(od,st,lf0,lt,rs,cs,df,hg,ntl,ntd)
{
    ntr=od/2-(st/2)*cos(lf0)/sin(lf0);

    union()
    {
        hex_head(hg,df);

        translate([0,0,hg])
        if ( ntl == 0 )
        {
            cylinder(h=0.01, r=ntr, center=true);
        }
        else
        {
            if ( ntd == -1 )
            {
                cylinder(h=ntl+0.01, r=ntr, $fn=floor(od*PI/rs), center=false);
            }
            else if ( ntd == 0 )
            {
                union()
                {
                    cylinder(h=ntl-st/2,
                             r=od/2, $fn=floor(od*PI/rs), center=false);

                    translate([0,0,ntl-st/2])
                    cylinder(h=st/2,
                             r1=od/2, r2=ntr,
                             $fn=floor(od*PI/rs), center=false);
                }
            }
            else
            {
                cylinder(h=ntl, r=ntd/2, $fn=ntd*PI/rs, center=false);
            }
        }

        translate([0,0,ntl+hg]) screw_thread(od,st,lf0,lt,rs,cs);
    }
}

module hex_screw_0(od,st,lf0,lt,rs,cs,df,hg,ntl,ntd)
{
    ntr=od/2-(st/2)*cos(lf0)/sin(lf0);

    union()
    {
        hex_head_0(hg,df);

        translate([0,0,hg])
        if ( ntl == 0 )
        {
            cylinder(h=0.01, r=ntr, center=true);
        }
        else
        {
            if ( ntd == -1 )
            {
                cylinder(h=ntl+0.01, r=ntr, $fn=floor(od*PI/rs), center=false);
            }
            else if ( ntd == 0 )
            {
                union()
                {
                    cylinder(h=ntl-st/2,
                             r=od/2, $fn=floor(od*PI/rs), center=false);

                    translate([0,0,ntl-st/2])
                    cylinder(h=st/2,
                             r1=od/2, r2=ntr,
                             $fn=floor(od*PI/rs), center=false);
                }
            }
            else
            {
                cylinder(h=ntl, r=ntd/2, $fn=ntd*PI/rs, center=false);
            }
        }

        translate([0,0,ntl+hg]) screw_thread(od,st,lf0,lt,rs,cs);
    }
}

module thread_shape(cs,lt,or,ir,sn,st)
{
    if ( cs == 0 )
    {
        cylinder(h=lt, r=or, $fn=sn, center=false);
    }
    else
    {
        union()
        {
            translate([0,0,st/2])
              cylinder(h=lt-st+0.005, r=or, $fn=sn, center=false);

            if ( cs == -1 || cs == 2 )
            {
                cylinder(h=st/2, r1=ir, r2=or, $fn=sn, center=false);
            }
            else
            {
                cylinder(h=st/2, r=or, $fn=sn, center=false);
            }

            translate([0,0,lt-st/2])
            if ( cs == 1 || cs == 2 )
            {
                  cylinder(h=st/2, r1=or, r2=ir, $fn=sn, center=false);
            }
            else
            {
                cylinder(h=st/2, r=or, $fn=sn, center=false);
            }
        }
    }
}

module full_thread(ttn,st,sn,zt,lfxy,or,ir)
{
  if(ir >= 0.2)
  {
    for(i=[0:ttn-1])
    {
        for(j=[0:sn-1])
			assign( pt = [	[0,                  0,                  i*st-st            ],
                        [ir*cos(j*lfxy),     ir*sin(j*lfxy),     i*st+j*zt-st       ],
                        [ir*cos((j+1)*lfxy), ir*sin((j+1)*lfxy), i*st+(j+1)*zt-st   ],
								[0,0,i*st],
                        [or*cos(j*lfxy),     or*sin(j*lfxy),     i*st+j*zt-st/2     ],
                        [or*cos((j+1)*lfxy), or*sin((j+1)*lfxy), i*st+(j+1)*zt-st/2 ],
                        [ir*cos(j*lfxy),     ir*sin(j*lfxy),     i*st+j*zt          ],
                        [ir*cos((j+1)*lfxy), ir*sin((j+1)*lfxy), i*st+(j+1)*zt      ],
                        [0,                  0,                  i*st+st            ]	])
        {
            polyhedron(points=pt,
              		  triangles=[	[1,0,3],[1,3,6],[6,3,8],[1,6,4],
											[0,1,2],[1,4,2],[2,4,5],[5,4,6],[5,6,7],[7,6,8],
											[7,8,3],[0,2,3],[3,2,7],[7,2,5]	]);
        }
    }
  }
  else
  {
    echo("Step Degrees too agresive, the thread will not be made!!");
    echo("Try to increase de value for the degrees and/or...");
    echo(" decrease the pitch value and/or...");
    echo(" increase the outer diameter value.");
  }
}

module hex_head(hg,df)
{
	rd0=df/2/sin(60);
	x0=0;	x1=df/2;	x2=x1+hg/2;
	y0=0;	y1=hg/2;	y2=hg;

	intersection()
	{
	   cylinder(h=hg, r=rd0, $fn=6, center=false);

		rotate_extrude(convexity=10, $fn=6*round(df*PI/6/0.5))
		polygon([ [x0,y0],[x1,y0],[x2,y1],[x1,y2],[x0,y2] ]);
	}
}

module hex_head_0(hg,df)
{
    cylinder(h=hg, r=df/2/sin(60), $fn=6, center=false);
}

module hex_countersink_ends(chg,cod,clf,crs,hg)
{
    translate([0,0,-0.1])
    cylinder(h=chg+0.01,
             r1=cod/2,
             r2=cod/2-(chg+0.1)*cos(clf)/sin(clf),
             $fn=floor(cod*PI/crs), center=false);

    translate([0,0,hg-chg+0.1])
    cylinder(h=chg+0.01,
             r1=cod/2-(chg+0.1)*cos(clf)/sin(clf),
             r2=cod/2,
             $fn=floor(cod*PI/crs), center=false);
}

CruiseControl();

translate([0, -2 * nutDiameter, 0]){
    hex_screw(screwDiameter, 1, 45, 2 * wallThickness + cutOff + radius, 1.5, 2, nutDiameter, nutHeight, 0, 0);

    translate([2 * nutDiameter,0,0]){
        hex_nut(nutDiameter, 10, 1, 45, screwDiameter + 2 * tolerance, 0.5);
    }
}
```


[User]
I need to design a duct adapter, specifically one that connects a 120mm fan to a 100mm duct. I'm envisioning something similar to what dcartoon made, but with more options. I've got some specific things I need it to be able to do, so it needs to be parametric.

Here's what I'm thinking:

**General Shape:** The adapter will transition from a 120mm diameter at the base to a 100mm diameter at the top, so it's essentially a tapered cylinder.  The overall height will be adjustable, as will the height of the tapered section.

**Flange:**
*   I need a mounting flange at the base, and it should be configurable to be either square or circular.
*   If it's square, I'd like to control the thickness of the flange, the offset of the mounting holes from the corners, and the diameter of those holes.  Also, a parameter to specify the radius of rounded corners on the square flange would be great.
*  If it's circular, I need to be able to specify the width of the flange.
*   The mounting holes should be positioned correctly, and should only be on the base flange, not the duct side.

**Duct Connection:**  I want a small lip at the 100mm end, to make it easier to attach the duct using cable ties.  The thickness of this lip should be adjustable.

**Printing Options:**  I sometimes have to print on a small print bed, so I'd like the option to print the adaptor in four quarters.  If printing in quarters, the pieces should have overlapping edges that fit together well, with a relief channel at the joins to make assembly easier. It should be possible to specify how much they overlap.

**Parameters:**
Specifically, I need to control:
* `Base_diameter` (mm): Diameter at the base (120mm default).
* `Top_diameter` (mm): Diameter at the top (100mm default).
* `Total_Height` (mm): Total height of the adapter (65mm default).
* `Taper_height` (mm): Height of the tapered section (40mm default).
* `Wall_thickness` (mm): Thickness of the walls (1.35mm default).
* `Flange_shape`:  "square" or "circular"
* `Flange_sq_thickness` (mm): Thickness of the square flange (3mm default).
* `flange_sq_hole_offset` (mm): Offset of square flange mounting holes from the edge (6mm default).
* `Flange_sq_hole_dia` (mm): Diameter of the square flange mounting holes (4mm default).
* `flange_rounded` (mm): Radius of the rounded corners of the square flange (4mm default).
* `Flange_c_width` (mm): Width of the circular flange (20mm default).
* `Add_lip`: "yes" or "no", whether to add the lip (yes default).
* `Lip_thickness` (mm): Thickness of the lip (2mm default).
* `Quarter_only`: "yes" or "no", whether to print in quarters (no default).
* `Overlap` (mm): Amount of overlap for quartered prints (10mm default).
* `relief_dia` (mm): Diameter of the relief channel for quartered prints (0.4mm default).

I'm happy for the code to be split into multiple `.scad` files for ease of understanding and re-use.  I don't have a preference for libraries beyond those available with a basic OpenSCAD setup. Thanks!

[Assistant]
Duct_Adaptor.scad:
```
// Modifed 120-100mm adaptor adaptor
// Initially by dcartoon
// - http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:423186/

// Now with:
// - full or quarter printing,
// - square or circular mounting flange,
// - ronded corners if square,
// - overlaps for easy F6 creation,
// - added lip to make it easier to cable-tie or attach the 100mm pipe.
// - if 4 pieces then:
//   - overlaps are curved and fit well,
//   - strain and fitting relief channel at joins.

// preview[view:south west, tilt:top diagonal]

/* [Adaptor] */
// Diameter at Base (mm)
Base_diameter  = 120;
// Diameter at Top
Top_diameter   = 100;
// Complete Height of Adaptor
Total_Height   = 65;
// Height from Base to end of taper
Taper_height   = 40;
Wall_thickness = 1.35;

/* [Flange] */
Flange_shape   = "square"; // [square,circular]
//Thickness of flange plate
Flange_sq_thickness    = 3;
// Offset from outer corner of Flange
flange_sq_hole_offset  = 6;
Flange_sq_hole_dia     = 4;
// corner(sq only) rounding (0=none)
flange_rounded = 4;
// flange(circular only) width
Flange_c_width = 20;

/* [Details] */
// Add a lip for gripping with cable ties
Add_lip       = "yes"; // [yes,no]
Lip_thickness = 2;
// On small print beds print 4 of these.
Quarter_only  = "no"; // [yes,no]
// how much overlap (for each quarter).
Overlap       = 10; //[0:1:12]
// Strain and Fit relief channel (for quarters)
relief_dia = 0.4; //[0:0.1:1]

/* [Hidden] */
straight_height = Total_Height - Taper_height;
max_dia = max(Base_diameter, Top_diameter) + Wall_thickness*2; // used for clipping in intersections
lip_dia = Top_diameter + Lip_thickness;
lip_height = (lip_dia - Top_diameter);
//relief_dia = 0.3;

Delta = 0.1;
$fn = 200;

//----------------------------------

module adaptor(base_dia, taper_height, straight_height, top_dia, wall_thick, lip_height, lip_dia)  {
	// straight top
	translate([0, 0, taper_height-Delta])
	difference() {
		union () {
			cylinder(h = straight_height, d = top_dia);
			// Lip
			if (Add_lip == "yes") {
				// lip + ramp. So no support required
				translate([0,0,straight_height-lip_height])
					cylinder(h=lip_height, d=lip_dia);
				translate([0,0,straight_height-lip_height*2+Delta]) // ramp
					cylinder(h=lip_height, d1=top_dia, d2=lip_dia);
			}
		}
		// remove core
		translate([0, 0, -Delta])
			cylinder(h = straight_height+Delta*2, d=top_dia-wall_thick*2);
	}

	// Tapered base
	difference() {
		translate([0, 0, 0])
			cylinder(h = taper_height, d1 = base_dia, d2 = top_dia);
		translate([0, 0, -Delta])
		cylinder(h = taper_height+Delta*2, d1 = base_dia-wall_thick*2, d2 = top_dia-wall_thick*2);
	}
}

module flange_2d() {
	if (Flange_shape == "square")
		linear_extrude(height= Flange_sq_thickness) {
				translate([-Base_diameter/2+flange_rounded, -Base_diameter/2])
					square(size = [Base_diameter-flange_rounded*2, Base_diameter]);
				translate([-Base_diameter/2, -Base_diameter/2+flange_rounded])
					square(size = [Base_diameter, Base_diameter-flange_rounded*2]);
				// corners
				translate([-Base_diameter/2+flange_rounded, -Base_diameter/2+flange_rounded])
					circle(r=flange_rounded);
				translate([Base_diameter/2-flange_rounded, Base_diameter/2-flange_rounded])
					circle(r=flange_rounded);
				translate([-Base_diameter/2+flange_rounded, Base_diameter/2-flange_rounded])
					circle(r=flange_rounded);
				translate([Base_diameter/2-flange_rounded, -Base_diameter/2+flange_rounded])
					circle(r=flange_rounded);
		}
	else {
		cylinder(h=Flange_sq_thickness, d=Flange_c_width*2+Base_diameter);
	}
}

module flange() {
	hole_offset = (Flange_shape=="square") ? 0 : Flange_c_width/8-Flange_c_width*0.32;
	flange_hole_pos = Base_diameter/2 - flange_sq_hole_offset + hole_offset;
	difference() {
		flange_2d();
		translate([0, 0, -Delta])
			//cylinder(h = Flange_sq_thickness+Delta*2, d = Base_diameter-Wall_thickness*2);
			cylinder(h = Taper_height+Delta*2, d1 = Base_diameter-Wall_thickness*2, d2 = Top_diameter-Wall_thickness*2);
		// Holes
		translate([flange_hole_pos, flange_hole_pos, -Delta])
			cylinder(h = Flange_sq_thickness+Delta*2, d=Flange_sq_hole_dia);
		if (Quarter_only != "yes") {
		// holes for other quadrants
			translate([-flange_hole_pos, -flange_hole_pos, -Delta])
				cylinder(h = Flange_sq_thickness+Delta*2, d=Flange_sq_hole_dia);
			translate([-flange_hole_pos, flange_hole_pos, -Delta])
				cylinder(h = Flange_sq_thickness+Delta*2, d=Flange_sq_hole_dia);
			translate([flange_hole_pos, -flange_hole_pos, -Delta])
				cylinder(h = Flange_sq_thickness+Delta*2, d=Flange_sq_hole_dia);
		}
	}
}

module overlap() {
	intersection() {
		// make a slightly larger adaptor and cut it
		adaptor(Base_diameter+Wall_thickness*2-Delta, Taper_height, straight_height, Top_diameter+Wall_thickness*2-Delta, Wall_thickness, lip_height, 0);
		intersection()
			cylinder(h=Total_Height, d=max_dia+Wall_thickness*2);
			// little Overlap slice
			translate([0,-Overlap/2,-Delta])
				cube(size=[max_dia/2+Delta, Overlap,Total_Height+Delta*2]);
	}
}

module relief_channel() {
	taper_angle = atan( ((Base_diameter - Top_diameter)/2) / Taper_height);
	taper_length = Taper_height / cos(taper_angle);
	// straight
	translate([Top_diameter/2, 0, Taper_height])
		cylinder(h=straight_height, d=relief_dia);
	// taper
	translate([Base_diameter/2, 0, 0])
	rotate([0, -taper_angle, 0])
	translate([0, 0, -Delta])
		cylinder(h=taper_length+Delta*2, d=relief_dia);
}

module Adaptor(quarter=false) {
	if (quarter) {
		difference() {
			union() {
				intersection() {
					union() {
						adaptor(Base_diameter, Taper_height, straight_height, Top_diameter, Wall_thickness, lip_height, lip_dia);
						flange();
					}
					// cut the quarter
					translate([0,0,-Delta])
					cube(size = [max_dia/2+Delta, max_dia/2+Delta, Total_Height+Delta*2]);
				}
				// overlap pieces
				overlap();
			}
			// the relief channel
			relief_channel();
			// lip removal
			intersection() {
				adaptor(Base_diameter+Wall_thickness*2, Taper_height+Delta*2, straight_height, Top_diameter+Wall_thickness*2, Wall_thickness, lip_height, 0);
				// little Overlap slice
				translate([-Overlap/2,0,Taper_height-Delta])
					cube(size=[Overlap, max_dia/2+Delta, straight_height+Delta*2]);
			}
			// lip_relief
			rotate([0,0,-atan(Overlap/Top_diameter)])
			translate([0, Top_diameter/2, Taper_height+straight_height-lip_height*2]) //Overlap/2
				cylinder(h=lip_height*2, d=relief_dia);
		}
	} else {
		// make as one piece
			adaptor(Base_diameter, Taper_height, straight_height, Top_diameter, Wall_thickness, lip_height, lip_dia);
			flange();
	}
}

//---------------------------------
Adaptor(Quarter_only=="yes");

// demo
// translate([0, Base_diameter/3, 0])
// rotate([0,0,45])
//	Adaptor(true);

```


[User]
Hey, I'm looking to design a parametric air assist nozzle for a laser cutter, and I'd like to use OpenSCAD. I've got some specific parameters and a general idea of how it should look, but I need help creating the actual SCAD files. It'll need to be printable without supports.

Here's a breakdown of the design and the parameters I'd like to control:

**Overall Structure:** The nozzle will have three main sections: a top mount that goes around the laser lens assembly, a middle downspout section where the air flows, and a side tube for connecting an air hose.

**Top Mount (Laser Lens Mount):**

*   `airNozzleLaserMountThickness`: The thickness of the ring around the laser lens. I want to be able to adjust this, probably within a range of 5 to 8 mm.
*   `airNozzleLaserMountRadius`: The radius of the circle that fits around the laser lens assembly. I'm thinking this should be adjustable from 13.5 to 20 mm. For my machine I use 13.5 which is a K40 with a davinci lens.
*   `airNozzleLaserMountLength`:  The length of the mount to sit flush. It needs to be at least twice the size of the interior ring. I currently have this at 7.9248 mm.

**Downspout Section:**

*   `airNozzleTipMountRadius`: The radius of the hole at the bottom of the nozzle where the laser beam passes through. This part has no air coming through it. It should be adjustable from 2 to 8 mm.
*   `airNozzleTubeLHeight`: The length of the downspout tube, which will also control the angle of the air flow. Lower values mean the tip is more angled. I'd like to set this between 25 and 50 mm.
*    `airNozzleWallThickness`: How thick the walls of the downspout section are. Probably needs to be between 5 and 8 mm.
*   `airInteriorTubeRadius`: The radius of the air channels within the downspout. Larger values will allow more airflow, but I need to keep at least a 1mm gap between this and the `airNozzleWallThickness` or there will be holes in the wall.
*   `airNozzleInteriorTubeRadius`: The radius of the air inlet and upper air tubes. This will be larger then the `airInteriorTubeRadius` as this provides some back pressure. I was using 3.175 mm for this size. This must be smaller than the `airNozzleWallThickness`.

**Side Air Tube (Hose Connection):**

*   `airNozzleAirTubeRadius`: The radius of the side tube for the air hose connection. I am using 3.9624 mm for this.
*   `airNozzleAirTubeSides`: How many sides to make the air tube. This should be an int, with 20 being a good round number.
*   `airNozzleAirTubeLength`:  The length of the air tube for the hose connection. I need to set this between 10 and 20 mm.

**Other Considerations:**

*   The air should come out of the downspout at an angle towards the center of the laser hole. I'm using the angle to do this with a calculation of: `angle=atan((airNozzleLaserMountRadius-airNozzleTipMountRadius)/airNozzleTubeLHeight)`.
*   I'd like the side air tube to start on the same plane as the laser lens mount section.
*   The whole thing should be printable without supports, meaning the air tube should rest on the bed.
*   There shouldn't be any air coming from the center hole where the laser passes through.
*   I would like there to be four inlet tubes for the air at the top mount.
*   I am trying to handle a 1/4" ID and 5/16" OD hoses.

I think the structure should be designed with `difference()` and `union()`. I'm not sure what is needed in the main file, but I think a good starting point will be a single .scad file.

Would you be able to help me generate the OpenSCAD code for this?

[Assistant]
air_nozzle.scad:
```
//upper ring around the laser lens
airNozzleLaserMountThickness=6; //[5:8]
// how big around the laser eye diameter is [13.5 is a k40 on a davinci)
airNozzleLaserMountRadius=13.5; // [13.5:20]
//how long this mount should be to sit flush should be at least double the size of the interior ring
airNozzleLaserMountLength=7.9248;
 //how big around the hole in the middle will be (NO AIR)
airNozzleTipMountRadius=2; // [2:8]
// size of the air tube on the side for mounting the hose
airNozzleAirTubeRadius=3.9624;
// how round the air tube is
airNozzleAirTubeSides=20;
//the length of the air tube for the hose connection
airNozzleAirTubeLength=15;  // [10:20]
//how long the down spout tube is (less = more angled tip)
airNozzleTubeLHeight=30; // [25:50]
//how thick the down spout is
airNozzleWallThickness=6; // [5:8]
// how big the interior tubes are, larger = more air flow (you MUST leave more then 1 mm between the size of the walls (airNozzleWallThickness and the size of the tubing (airInteriorTubeRadius) otherwise you will have holes in the walls
airInteriorTubeRadius=1.8;
// how big the interior tubes are, larger = more air flow. This is the air inlet and upper air tubes.
airNozzleInteriorTubeRadius=3.175;
airNozzleOffset=airNozzleWallThickness-airNozzleInteriorTubeRadius;
angle=atan((airNozzleLaserMountRadius-airNozzleTipMountRadius)/airNozzleTubeLHeight);
airNozzleLaserMountLengthAirHalfHeight=airNozzleLaserMountLength/2;

module Nozzle(){

    echo("angle=", angle);
    union(){

        difference(){ // air nozzle
            rotate([-90, 0,0])
            translate([0, -airNozzleTubeLHeight - (airNozzleLaserMountLength /2),(airNozzleAirTubeLength /2 ) + airNozzleLaserMountRadius + airNozzleLaserMountThickness - 1])
            cylinder(h = airNozzleAirTubeLength , r1 = airNozzleAirTubeRadius, r2 = airNozzleAirTubeRadius, center = true, $fn = airNozzleAirTubeSides);

            rotate([-90, 0,0]) // outer tube airhole
            translate([0, -airNozzleTubeLHeight - (airNozzleLaserMountLength /2),(airNozzleAirTubeLength /2 ) + airNozzleLaserMountRadius + airNozzleLaserMountThickness - 1])
            cylinder(h = airNozzleAirTubeLength  + 0.02, r1 = airNozzleInteriorTubeRadius, r2 = airNozzleInteriorTubeRadius, center = true, $fn = airNozzleAirTubeSides);
            };

        difference(){  // laser mount

            translate([0, 0,airNozzleTubeLHeight + (airNozzleLaserMountLength /2)])
            cylinder(h = airNozzleLaserMountLength, r1 = airNozzleLaserMountRadius + airNozzleLaserMountThickness, r2 = airNozzleLaserMountRadius + airNozzleLaserMountThickness, center = true);

            translate([0, 0,airNozzleTubeLHeight+ (airNozzleLaserMountLength /2)])
            cylinder(h = airNozzleLaserMountLength + 0.02, r1 = airNozzleLaserMountRadius + airNozzleLaserMountThickness - airNozzleLaserMountThickness, r2 = airNozzleLaserMountRadius + airNozzleLaserMountThickness - airNozzleLaserMountThickness, center = true);

            rotate([-90, 0,0]) // create air hole
            translate([0, -airNozzleTubeLHeight - (airNozzleLaserMountLength /2),airNozzleLaserMountRadius + airNozzleLaserMountThickness+ (airNozzleAirTubeLength /2 )])
            cylinder(h = airNozzleAirTubeLength  + 0.02, r1 = airInteriorTubeRadius, r2 = airInteriorTubeRadius, center = true, $fn = airNozzleAirTubeSides);

            difference(){ // inner air tube ring

                translate([0, 0, airNozzleTubeLHeight + (airNozzleLaserMountLength /2) ]) cylinder(h = airNozzleInteriorTubeRadius * 1.8, r1 = airNozzleLaserMountRadius + ( airNozzleLaserMountThickness  * .80 ) , r2 = airNozzleLaserMountRadius + (airNozzleLaserMountThickness * .80 ), center = true);

                translate([0, 0, airNozzleTubeLHeight + (airNozzleLaserMountLength /2) ]) cylinder(h = (airNozzleInteriorTubeRadius  * 1.8 )+ 0.02, r1 = airNozzleLaserMountRadius + ( airNozzleLaserMountThickness  * .20 ) , r2 = airNozzleLaserMountRadius + ( airNozzleLaserMountThickness  * .20 ), center = true);

                };
                // upper air tube 1
                    translate([0, airNozzleLaserMountRadius + (airNozzleLaserMountThickness * 0.50) ,airNozzleTubeLHeight])
                    cylinder(h = airNozzleLaserMountLength, r1 = airInteriorTubeRadius, r2 = airInteriorTubeRadius, center = true, $fn = airNozzleAirTubeSides);

             // upper air tube 2
                translate([0, -airNozzleLaserMountRadius- (airNozzleLaserMountThickness * 0.50),airNozzleTubeLHeight])
                cylinder(h = airNozzleLaserMountLength, r1 = airInteriorTubeRadius, r2 = airInteriorTubeRadius, center = true, $fn = airNozzleAirTubeSides);

            // inner air tube 3
                translate([-airNozzleLaserMountRadius -  (airNozzleLaserMountThickness * 0.50), 0,airNozzleTubeLHeight])
                cylinder(h = airNozzleLaserMountLength, r1 = airInteriorTubeRadius, r2 = airInteriorTubeRadius, center = true, $fn = airNozzleAirTubeSides);
                        // upper air tube 4
                translate([airNozzleLaserMountRadius  + (airNozzleLaserMountThickness * 0.50) , 0, airNozzleTubeLHeight   ])
                cylinder(h = airNozzleLaserMountLength , r1 = airInteriorTubeRadius, r2 = airInteriorTubeRadius, center = true, $fn = airNozzleAirTubeSides);

                rotate([-90, 0,0]) // outer tube airhole to inner connection
            translate([0, -airNozzleTubeLHeight - (airNozzleLaserMountLength /2),(airNozzleAirTubeLength /2 ) + airNozzleLaserMountRadius + airNozzleLaserMountThickness - 4])
            cylinder(h = airNozzleAirTubeLength, r1 = airNozzleInteriorTubeRadius, r2 = airNozzleInteriorTubeRadius, center = true, $fn = airNozzleAirTubeSides);

           };

           difference(){        // down spout air hole

               translate([0, 0, airNozzleTubeLHeight/2 ])
               cylinder(h = airNozzleTubeLHeight, r1 = airNozzleTipMountRadius + airNozzleWallThickness, r2 = airNozzleLaserMountRadius + airNozzleWallThickness, center = true);

               translate([0, 0,airNozzleTubeLHeight/2])
               cylinder(h = airNozzleTubeLHeight + 0.02, r1 = airNozzleTipMountRadius + airNozzleWallThickness - airNozzleWallThickness, r2 = airNozzleLaserMountRadius + airNozzleWallThickness - airNozzleWallThickness, center = true);

            difference(){ //tubes inside the down spout
                // lower air tube 1 back side
            //rotate([angle, 0,0])
            //translate([0, -airNozzleWallThickness,airNozzleTubeLHeight])
            //cylinder(h = airNozzleAirTubeLength * 2, r1 = airNozzleAirTubeRadius, r2 = airNozzleAirTubeRadius, center = true, $fn = airNozzleAirTubeSides);

            // lower inner air tube 1 back side
            rotate([angle, 0,0])
            translate([0, -airNozzleTipMountRadius - (airNozzleWallThickness * 0.45),airNozzleTubeLHeight])
            cylinder(h = airNozzleTubeLHeight * 2  + 0.02, r1 = airInteriorTubeRadius, r2 = airInteriorTubeRadius, center = true, $fn = airNozzleAirTubeSides);
            };

            difference(){ // lower air tube 2 left side
                //rotate([0, angle,0])
                //translate([airNozzleWallThickness, 0,airNozzleTubeLHeight])
            //cylinder(h = airNozzleAirTubeLength * 2 , r1 = airNozzleAirTubeRadius, r2 = airNozzleAirTubeRadius, center = true, $fn = airNozzleAirTubeSides);

            // lower inner air tube 2 left side
                rotate([0, angle,0])
                translate([airNozzleTipMountRadius + (airNozzleWallThickness * 0.45), 0,airNozzleTubeLHeight])
            cylinder(h = airNozzleTubeLHeight * 2  + 0.02, r1 = airInteriorTubeRadius, r2 = airInteriorTubeRadius, center = true, $fn = airNozzleAirTubeSides);
            };

            difference(){ // lower air tube 3 right side
                //rotate([0, -angle,0])
            //translate([-airNozzleWallThickness, 0,airNozzleTubeLHeight])
            //cylinder(h = airNozzleAirTubeLength * 2 , r1 = airNozzleAirTubeRadius, r2 = airNozzleAirTubeRadius, center = true, $fn = airNozzleAirTubeSides);

            // lower inner air tube 3 right side
                rotate([0, -angle,0])
            translate([-airNozzleTipMountRadius - (airNozzleWallThickness * 0.45), 0,airNozzleTubeLHeight])
            cylinder(h = airNozzleTubeLHeight * 2  + 0.02, r1 = airInteriorTubeRadius, r2 = airInteriorTubeRadius, center = true, $fn = airNozzleAirTubeSides);
            };

            difference(){ // lower air tube 4  front side
                //rotate([-angle, 0,0])
                //translate([0, airNozzleWallThickness,airNozzleTubeLHeight])

            //cylinder(h = airNozzleAirTubeLength * 2 , r1 = airNozzleAirTubeRadius, r2 = airNozzleAirTubeRadius, center = true, $fn = airNozzleAirTubeSides);
                        // lower air tube 4 front side
                rotate([-angle, 0,0])
                translate([0, airNozzleTipMountRadius + (airNozzleWallThickness * 0.45),airNozzleTubeLHeight])
            //translate([airNozzleTubeLHeight + (airNozzleLaserMountLength /2), 0,airNozzleTubeLHeight/2])
            cylinder(h = airNozzleTubeLHeight * 2  + 0.02, r1 = airInteriorTubeRadius, r2 = airInteriorTubeRadius, center = true, $fn = airNozzleAirTubeSides);

            };

    };

};
};

Nozzle();
```


[User]
I need a set of OpenSCAD files to create a parametric spool holder for 3D printer filament. I've been using a simple rod, but I want to upgrade to something that allows the spools to rotate freely.

The basic design should consist of two parts that mirror each other and fit on either side of the spool: a hub that fits into the spool's center hole and has a flange for stability, and a bearing mount that integrates into the hub and also provides a way to attach to a central rod. This rod would fit the center of the hub. I’ll probably be using a PVC pipe for the central rod, but it needs to be easily adjustable for other rod sizes. I'll be using 608 bearings, but it should be adjustable to handle other common bearing sizes. The two parts should be mirror images of each other. I envision a single hub with bearing support on one side of it, then simply use a second copy of that design to mount on the opposite side. There should be some way to attach the hub to the rod, like a set screw or bolt. I think using bolts would be best so the rod can be easily swapped.

Here are the parameters I'd like to be able to adjust:

*   **Flange Diameter:** The outer diameter of the flange, to adjust for different spool sizes.
*   **PVC Diameter:** The diameter of the PVC pipe that will be the main rod; currently 26.6mm (3/4" schedule 40 PVC).
*   **Center Hole Diameter:** The diameter of the hole that the PVC rod will pass through.
*   **Bushing Diameter:** The diameter of the hub that will fit into the spool's center hole.
*   **Bearing Diameter:** The outer diameter of the bearing.
*  **Bearing Screw Diameter:** The diameter of the screw that holds the bearing in place.
*  **Bearing Screw Head Diameter:** The diameter of the head of the screw that holds the bearing in place.
*   **Use Cutouts:** A boolean to add cutouts to the flange to reduce material use (0 for no, 1 for yes).
*   **Flange Thickness:** The thickness of the flange itself.
*   **Bushing Height:** The height (depth) of the bushing that extends into the spool.
*   **Cutout Position Offset:** A way to shift the cutouts outward from the center, if needed.
*   **Cutout Size Offset:** A way to increase or decrease the size of the cutouts.
*   **Bearing Screw Head Clearance Hole Height:** the height of the countersunk holes for the bearing screws.
*  **Bearing Screw Head Clearance Hole Z Offset:** how far to offset the clearance holes for the bearing screws.

I would like to specify the resolution of the circles using a $fn parameter.

I'm hoping the design will be relatively easy to print and assemble.  I think using `difference()` to create all of the holes in the design, instead of combining a lot of cylinders, will be the most robust approach.

I'd prefer it if you didn't use any external libraries.

[Assistant]
FilamentSpoolBearingHubForPVC.scad:
```
// Units are in mm.

// The overall size of the hub flange.
flange_diameter = 60;
// The size of the PVC pipe going through the hub.  This is tHe perfect size for 3/4" PVC.  It will bend a little and your bushings may be a little loose so there is no need to add tolerance here unless your PVC is actually a different size.  Measure it.  It will fail if you don't have it just right.
pvc_diameter = 26.6;
// The size of the hole in the center of the hub.  It must be larger than the rod going through it.
center_hole_diameter = 32;
// The size of the bushing.  This should be the EXACT size of the hole in your spool. The default should fit spools from MonoPrice.com
bushing_diameter = 38;
// The size of your bearing.  This is the correct value for a 608 skate bearing.
bearing_diameter = 22;
// The inner diameter of your bearing.  This is the correct value for a #6 screw which is what I use.  For a 608 bearing, 8 is the maximum.
bearing_screw_diameter = 4;
// The diameter of the head or washer of your bearing screw. Give yourself a little extra room.
bearing_screw_head_diameter = 11;
// Indicates whether to apply cutouts to save material when printing.
use_cutouts = 1; // [0:No,1:Yes]
// The thickness of the flange.
thickness = 2;
// The length of the bushing; how far it extends into the spool.
bushing_height = 12;
//bushing_height = 1;
//bushing_height = thickness * 3;
// If the cutouts cut too far into the center, use this to move the cutouts.
cutout_position_offset = 15;
// If the cutouts are too small, use this to enlarge them.  Adjusting the cutouts allows you to minimize printing material.
cutout_size_offset = 10;

// Higher resolution rendering for cleaner holes.  40 is good.
$fn = 40;

bushing_thickness = bushing_diameter - pvc_diameter;
// Something wrong with OpenSCAD.NET.  Assigning a variable to itself or roundtrip will give it a strange value and breaks things.
//c = (bushing_height == 1) ? thickness * 3 : bushing_height;
//c = bushing_height ;
//bushing_height = c;

function bearing_screw_offset() = pvc_diameter/2 + bearing_diameter/2;
function bearing_screw_head_clearance_hole_height() = bushing_height;
function bearing_screw_head_clearance_hole_zoffset() = bearing_screw_head_clearance_hole_height() + thickness / 2;

difference () {
    union() {
        // Plate
        cylinder(r = flange_diameter/2, h = thickness, center = true);
        // Spool bushing
//        translate ([0, 0, (bushing_height - thickness) / 2]) cylinder(r = pvc_diameter/2 + bushing_thickness, h = bushing_height, center = true);
        translate ([0, 0, (bushing_height - thickness) / 2]) cylinder(r = (pvc_diameter + bushing_thickness) / 2, h = bushing_height, center = true);
    }
    // Hub inner hole
    //cylinder(r = pvc_diameter/2, h = bushing_height * 10, center = true);
    cylinder(r = center_hole_diameter/2, h = bushing_height * 10, center = true);

    // Larger cutouts, for saving material (optional).
    if (use_cutouts) {
        rotate ([0, 0, 0]) translate ([flange_diameter/2 + cutout_position_offset, 0, 0]) cylinder(r = flange_diameter/4 + cutout_size_offset, h = thickness * 100 + 2, center = true);
        rotate ([0, 0, 120]) translate ([flange_diameter/2 + cutout_position_offset, 0, 0]) cylinder(r = flange_diameter/4 + cutout_size_offset, h = thickness * 100 + 2, center = true);
        rotate ([0, 0, 240]) translate ([flange_diameter/2 + cutout_position_offset, 0, 0]) cylinder(r = flange_diameter/4 + cutout_size_offset, h = thickness * 100 + 2, center = true);
    }
    // Smaller holes, for bearing screws.
    rotate([0, 0, 60+0]) translate ([pvc_diameter/2 + bearing_diameter/2, 0, 0]) cylinder(r = bearing_screw_diameter/2, h = thickness + 2, center = true);
    rotate([0, 0, 60+120]) translate ([pvc_diameter/2 + bearing_diameter/2, 0, 0]) cylinder(r = bearing_screw_diameter/2, h = thickness + 2, center = true);
    rotate([0, 0, 60+240]) translate ([pvc_diameter/2 + bearing_diameter/2, 0, 0]) cylinder(r = bearing_screw_diameter/2, h = thickness + 2, center = true);

    // Holes for clearing bearing screw heads.
//    rotate([0, 0, 60+0]) translate ([pvc_diameter/2 + bearing_diameter/2, 0, (thickness + 2) * 10 / 2 + thickness / 2]) cylinder(r = bearing_screw_head_diameter/2, h = (thickness + 2) * 10, center = true);
//    rotate([0, 0, 60+120]) translate ([pvc_diameter/2 + bearing_diameter/2, 0, thickness * 2]) cylinder(r = bearing_screw_head_diameter/2, h = (thickness + 2) * 10, center = true);
//    rotate([0, 0, 60+240]) translate ([pvc_diameter/2 + bearing_diameter/2, 0, thickness * 4]) cylinder(r = bearing_screw_head_diameter/2, h = (thickness + 2) * 10, center = true);

    rotate([0, 0, 60+0]) translate ([bearing_screw_offset(), 0,bearing_screw_head_clearance_hole_zoffset()]) cylinder(r = bearing_screw_head_diameter/2, h = bearing_screw_head_clearance_hole_height() * 2, center = true);
    rotate([0, 0, 60+120]) translate ([bearing_screw_offset(), 0, bearing_screw_head_clearance_hole_zoffset()]) cylinder(r = bearing_screw_head_diameter/2, h = bearing_screw_head_clearance_hole_height() * 2, center = true);
    rotate([0, 0, 60+240]) translate ([bearing_screw_offset(), 0, bearing_screw_head_clearance_hole_zoffset()]) cylinder(r = bearing_screw_head_diameter/2, h = bearing_screw_head_clearance_hole_height() * 2, center = true);

}

```


[User]
Okay, I'm looking to create a parametric spool holder adapter for those small sample filament rolls that come without a spool. I want to be able to reuse my existing, larger filament spool holders. I have an existing design I made in OpenSCAD, but it’s a bit clunky and I want something more robust and easier to customize.

Here's a breakdown of what I need:

**Core Functionality:**

The adapter needs to essentially act as a hub that fits inside the sample filament roll's core and then attaches to my existing spool holder. It should be a fairly straightforward design, but with a few key customizable parameters.

**Key Parameters:**

*   **`roll_Dia`**: This is the diameter of the existing spool holder that the adapter needs to interface with. I'd like this to be adjustable to match different spool holders.
*   **`roll_Width`**: The width of the existing spool holder.
*   **`round_Dia`**: A small radius where the adapter makes contact with the spool holder for smoother rotation - also adjustable.
*   **`roll_Angle`**: The angle of the sidewall of the adapter, measured in degrees relative to the vertical. This will help it sit securely on my spool holder.
*   **`fila_Outsidedia`**: The outside diameter of the sample filament roll.
*   **`fila_Insidedia`**: The inside diameter of the sample filament roll’s core.
*   **`fila_Dia`**: The diameter of the holes used to thread the filament in, should I wish to have more separators.
*  **`number_of_segments`**: The number of separators within the spool. I'd like to be able to choose 1, 2, or 4 segments (0, 1, or 3 separators respectively), which would allow a single, dual, or quad spool of the smaller sized spools.
*   **`holder_sparedia`**: This is extra diameter added to ensure the filament doesn't fall off the holder.
*  **`sector_Angle`**: The angle of the "slice" of the holder, as it uses a rotate_extrude to generate the part.
*   **`holder_Thickness`**: The overall thickness of the adapter's material.
*   **`Clip_Brim`**: How far the "clip" extends into the area of the original spool holder. This helps lock the adapter in place.
*   **`Clip_Lenght`**: Length of the clip that extends into the inside diameter of the original spool holder, in mm.
*   **`mouse_ear_diameter`**: Diameter of the "mouse ears" for better bed adhesion, used optionally. It will be zero when not needed.
*   **`mouse_ear_thickness`**: Thickness of the "mouse ears" for better bed adhesion, used optionally.
*   **`safety`**: A small tolerance for gaps and overlaps, in mm.

**Design Features:**

*   The adapter needs a cylindrical base that connects to the existing spool holder using a clip-like feature, plus the angled sidewall.
*   It should have an inner core that fits snugly inside the sample filament roll.
*   Optional separators can be placed within the adapter. These will be useful when using smaller rolls that could wobble side to side.
*   Optional "mouse ears" for better bed adhesion, the location of these would vary depending on the printer.
*   The design should be done using a `rotate_extrude` to form the main body of the adapter.
*   It will be necessary to use the `intersection` module and `hull` to form the rotational shape.

**Output:**

I'd like a single, or several, `.scad` file(s) that includes all these customizable parameters. I would prefer the file to use comments to describe the variables and why they are used and use parameters to make it easy to edit the design, instead of hardcoding the variables. I don’t require any specific libraries, so please don't use any. I am hoping that you can generate the entirety of the project from scratch.

Can you generate the code for me?

[Assistant]
spoolholder2.scad:
```
////////////Filament adapter///////////
/////reuse your old spoolholders///////
/*author: Rudiger Vanden Driessche
date:17/09/2015

//help for cylindrical arc
//http://forum.openscad.org/How-to-create-an-cylindrical-arc-td11257.html

//license: Creative Commons - Attribution - Share Alike

*/

/////////////Parameters///////////////////

/*[Roll]*/
roll_Dia=164;//164
roll_Width=98;//98
round_Dia=6.2;//rounding at top add 0.2 mm for tolerance
roll_Angle=5;//angle sidewall inside roll
/*Filament*/
fila_Outsidedia=190;//the outside diameter of the filament roll
fila_Insidedia=155;//the inside diameter of the filament roll
fila_Dia=3;//the diameter for the holes
number_of_segments=4;// [1:1=no separator,2: 2=1 separator,4:4=3 separators]

/*[Holder]*/
sector_Angle=5; //(degrees to extrude)
holder_Thickness=5;
holder_sparedia=10;//this diameter is added to the filament Outside diameter to prevent filament to fall of

/*[Clip]*/
Clip_Brim=0.4;//clip mm to lock (minus the tolerance mm given at the round_Dia)
Clip_Lenght=10;//lenght clip

/*[Mouse Ears]*/
mouse_ear_diameter=30;//[30: 30for ABS,0:0 for PLA]
mouse_ear_thickness=0.5;

/*[Hidden]*/
safety=0.1;
holder_Dia=fila_Outsidedia+holder_sparedia;
holderBrimH=(holder_Dia-roll_Dia+round_Dia);
holderBrimW=holder_Thickness*2+round_Dia;
slopespoolW=cos(roll_Angle)*holder_Thickness;
slopespoolH=(roll_Dia-round_Dia-fila_Insidedia+holder_Thickness)/2;
innerspoolW=roll_Width-round_Dia*2-2*slopespoolH*sin(roll_Angle);
innerspoolWoffset=innerspoolW/2+round_Dia/2+slopespoolH*tan(roll_Angle);

//ears
ear_x1=holder_Dia/2;
ear_y1=0;
ear_x2=holder_Dia/2;
ear_y2=roll_Width+mouse_ear_diameter/4;
ear_x3=roll_Dia/2-mouse_ear_diameter/2;
ear_y3=5;
ear_x4=roll_Dia/2-mouse_ear_diameter/2;
ear_y4=roll_Width;
ear_z=mouse_ear_thickness;
earfn=6;

///////////render///////////////////
translate([-roll_Dia/2,-roll_Width/2-holder_Thickness,0])
spool();

//////////modules///////////////////////

module spool(){
    rotate(270,[1,0,0])
    rotate(-sector_Angle,[0,0,1])

rotate_extrude_angle_size(sector_Angle, 130)
translate([(roll_Dia-round_Dia)/2,0,0])
rotate(a=90,v=[0,0,1])
rotate(a=180,v=[1,0,0]){
   halfspool();
    translate([roll_Width+holder_Thickness*2,0,0])
   rotate(a=180,v=[0,1,0])
    halfspool();
}//end rotate
//mouse ears
mouse_ear (ear_x1, ear_y1, ear_z, mouse_ear_diameter);
mouse_ear (ear_x2, ear_y2, ear_z, mouse_ear_diameter);
mouse_ear (ear_x3, ear_y3, ear_z, mouse_ear_diameter);
mouse_ear (ear_x4, ear_y4, ear_z, mouse_ear_diameter);
}//end module

module partitie(){
    partlen=(holder_Dia-fila_Insidedia+holder_sparedia)/2;
    difference(){
       union() {
    square(size=[holder_Thickness,partlen],center=false);
    translate([holder_Thickness/2,partlen-fila_Dia,0])
            circle(d=10);
            }//end union
            {translate([holder_Thickness/2,partlen-fila_Dia,0])
            circle(d=3);
            }
        }

}//end module

module halfspool(){
    //holder_Thickness+round_Dia/2,roll_Dia/2-round_Dia/2
  translate([ holder_Thickness+round_Dia/2,0,0]){
union(){
    difference(){
translate([0,(holderBrimH/2+Clip_Lenght)/2-Clip_Lenght,0])
square(size=[holderBrimW,holderBrimH/2+Clip_Lenght],center=true);
    {
    translate([0,0,0])
     circle(d=round_Dia);
    translate([holder_Thickness/2+round_Dia/2,-Clip_Lenght/2,0])
    square(size=[holderBrimW/2+round_Dia-Clip_Brim,Clip_Lenght+safety],center=true);
    }//end minus
}//end difference

//sloped side holder
if (slopespoolH>Clip_Lenght){
translate([slopespoolH*sin(roll_Angle)+round_Dia/2,-slopespoolH*cos(roll_Angle),0])
    rotate(a=roll_Angle,v=[0,0,1])
square(size=[slopespoolW,slopespoolH],center=false);}
else{
translate([Clip_Lenght*sin(roll_Angle)+round_Dia/2,-Clip_Lenght*cos(roll_Angle),0])
    rotate(a=roll_Angle,v=[0,0,1])
square(size=[slopespoolW,Clip_Lenght],center=false);}

//filamentinnerspool
translate([innerspoolW/4+slopespoolH*sin(roll_Angle)+round_Dia/2,-slopespoolH*cos(roll_Angle)+holder_Thickness/2,0]){

square(size=[innerspoolW/2+safety,holder_Thickness],center=true);

}//end translate

}//end union
}//end translate

//partities
partOffset=innerspoolW/4+slopespoolH*sin(roll_Angle)+round_Dia+holder_Thickness;
if(number_of_segments==2){
translate([roll_Width/2+holder_Thickness/2,-slopespoolH*cos(roll_Angle),0])
 partitie();

}//end if
if(number_of_segments==4){
translate([partOffset,-slopespoolH*cos(roll_Angle),0])
 partitie();
translate([roll_Width/2+holder_Thickness/2,-slopespoolH*cos(roll_Angle),0])
 partitie();
}//end if
}//end module

module rotate_extrude_angle_size(angle, size) {
  module pie(a) {
    r=sqrt(2);
    hull() polyhedron(points=[[0,0,-r], [r,0,-r], [r*cos(a),r*sin(a),-r],[0,0,r], [r,0,r], [r*cos(a),r*sin(a),r]], faces=[[0,1,2,3,4,5]]);
  }//end hull

  intersection() {
    scale(size) {
      pie(angle);
  }//end scale
    rotate_extrude(convexity=10,slices = 100,$fn = 100) children();
  }//end intersection
}//end module

module mouse_ear (ear_x,ear_y,ear_z, ear_d){

	translate([ear_x, ear_y,0])
    cylinder(r=ear_d/2, h=ear_z, centre=true,$fn=earfn);

}
```