[User]
Okay, I'm looking for help creating a customizable measuring cup in OpenSCAD, and I want it to be parametric so I can easily adjust its volume and label. I've been playing around with a version I found online, and it's pretty close, but I need a few tweaks.

Basically, I want a measuring cup that I can define by specifying the volume, either in cups, tablespoons, teaspoons, or milliliters. The cup should have a base that smoothly transitions from a smaller diameter to a larger one, like a truncated cone, and a cylindrical wall that adds height and a bit of style. The base shape currently uses `minkowski()` and `cupBase()` but I’m open to other suggestions if something else works better. I want to be able to control the wall thickness of the cup.

I also need to be able to add text labels to the top and bottom of the cup. I'd like the text to be customizable, meaning I can set the label string, the font (I'd like to use fonts from the `write` library), and its size scaling factor. I need the text to be 'cut out' of the cup, and I need to control its depth. The text should be centered within the top and bottom circles of the cup.

The provided code already uses a `build_plate.scad` for previewing on different printer beds, which is a great idea, and I would like to retain that functionality. I would like that to be customizable, including a manual mode where I can set the X and Y dimensions. I would also want the build plate to be for preview only, and not render with the actual cup.

Here’s a breakdown of the parameters I'd like to be able to control:

*   **Volume:**
    *   `cups` (float, default 0)
    *   `tbsp` (int, default 0)
    *   `tsp` (int, default 0)
    *   `mL` (int, default 0)
*   **Label:**
    *   `label` (string, default empty or "custom")
*   **Text Style:**
    *   `Font` (string, options should be defined based on the available fonts in `write/`)
    *   `size` (float, default 0.3) - scaling factor for text size
    *   `print` (float, default 0.4) - text depth
*   **Wall:**
    *   `wall` (int, default 5) - wall thickness
*   **Build Plate:**
    *   `build_plate_selector` (int, default 0, [0:Replicator 2, 1:Replicator, 2:Thingomatic, 3:Manual])
    *   `build_plate_manual_x` (int, default 100)
    *   `build_plate_manual_y` (int, default 100)

The code I've been using includes some internal calculation parameters (like `sq` and `sh`), which I don't necessarily need to control directly, but they should adjust automatically based on volume to maintain the cup's proportions. The code I'm using includes some functions named `cup()`, `cupBase()` and I want to keep the overall structure and layout in the new code.

Could you generate an OpenSCAD file for this? I would like the generated code to use the  `write/Write.scad` and `utils/build_plate.scad` libraries, the same as in the code I was using.

[Assistant]
Lairds_Customizable_Measuring_Cup_v3.scad:
```
//Code by Griffin Nicoll 2012
// Trivially enhanced by Laird Popkin 2012
// Customizable by Laird 2013

use <write/Write.scad> // Fonts supported by Customizer
use <utils/build_plate.scad>	 // build plate

//Number of cups
cups = 3.1515926;
//Tablespoons
tbsp = 0;
//Teaspoons
tsp = 0;
//Millilitres
mL = 0;
//Label
label = "3.1415926 Cups";
echo(str("Label is ",label));

//Text style
Font = "write/Letters.dxf";//["write/Letters.dxf":Basic,"write/orbitron.dxf":Futuristic,"write/BlackRose.dxf":Fancy]

//Text size scaling factor, edit to make text fit and look good.
size = 0.3;

//for display only, doesn't contribute to final object
build_plate_selector = 0; //[0:Replicator 2,1: Replicator,2:Thingomatic,3:Manual]

//when Build Plate Selector is set to "manual" this controls the build plate x dimension
build_plate_manual_x = 100; //[100:400]

//when Build Plate Selector is set to "manual" this controls the build plate y dimension
build_plate_manual_y = 100; //[100:400]

/*

// LP: uncomment the line for the cup you want, or add your own unique cup!
// label is printed on the top and bottom of the cup
// label_len is the number of characters in the label

//cups = 1; label="1 cup";
//cups = 2; label="2 cups";
//tbsp = 2; label="2 tablespoons";
//tsp = 1; label="1 teaspoon";
//mL = 10; label = "10 mL";

*/

// Wall thickness
wall = 5; //[1:5]

// Text depth (mm) should be at least one 'slice'
print = 0.4;

//stuff you don't need to edit
sq = 1.2*1; //squeeze
sh = 0.16*1; //shear
pi = 3.14159*1;
volume = cups*236588+tbsp*14787+tsp*4929+1000*mL;//mm^3

// for labeling
x = size*pow(volume/(570*pi),1/3);

module cup() {
	echo(str("Label is ",label, " and Font is ",Font));
	difference(){
		minkowski(){
			cylinder(r1=0,r2=wall,h=wall,$fn=6);
			cupBase(volume);
			}
		translate([0,0,wall+0.02])cupBase(volume);
		rotate([180,0,90]) translate([0,0,-print]) scale([x,x,1])
			write(label, center=true, rotate=90, font=Font);
		}

	translate([0,0,wall]) rotate([0,0,90]) translate([0,0,wall-print]) scale([x,x,1])
		write(label, center=true, rotate=90, font=Font);
	}

// preview[view:south, tilt:top]

//rotate([180,0,180])
cup();
build_plate(build_plate_selector,build_plate_manual_x,build_plate_manual_y);

module cupBase(volume){
	x = pow(volume/(570*pi),1/3);
	multmatrix(m=[
		[sq, 0, sh, 0],
		[0, 1/sq, 0, 0],
		[0, 0, 1, 0],
		[0, 0, 0,  1]])
	cylinder(h=10*x,r1=6*x,r2=9*x,$fn=64);
}

```


[User]
Okay, I'd like to design a customizable multi-tone whistle for 3D printing. I have a basic design idea in mind, but I need help making it fully parametric in OpenSCAD.

Here's the core concept: I want to create a whistle that's essentially a series of individual whistles placed side-by-side. Each whistle should produce a different tone, and the user should be able to control the number of whistles as well as the length (and therefore the pitch) of each whistle.

Here are the parameters I think I need, along with some initial values I'm using:

**Overall Dimensions & Parameters:**

*   `windway_width` = 12 mm (the width of the air channel)
*   `windway_height` = 3 mm (the height of the air channel)
*   `windway_length` = 16 mm (the length of the air channel)
*   `sidewall` = 1 mm (the thickness of the side walls of the air channel)
*   `wall` = 2 mm (general wall thickness)
*   `extra` = 1 mm (extra length added to the ramp)
*   `chamber_height` = 10 mm (the height of the resonating chamber)
*   `chamber_width` =  `windway_width` (the width of the resonating chamber, same as windway width)
*   `ramp_angle` = 12 degrees (angle of the ramp cut in the air channel)
*   `opening_width` = 6 mm (width of the ramp opening in the air channel)
*  `ramp_length` should be calculated based on `wall`, `extra`, and `ramp_angle`, i.e. `ramp_length = (wall+extra)/tan(ramp_angle)`
* `length_for_a4` = 176.4 mm (length of the resonating chamber for A4 tone)

**Multi-Whistle Parameters:**

*   `num_whistles`:  An integer value to control the number of whistles (I'd like to start with a range of 1 to 5).
*   `length1`, `length2`, `length3`, `length4`, `length5`: Individual lengths for the resonating chamber of each whistle. These lengths should relate to the pitch of each whistle. Let's start with default values like 88 mm, 78 mm, 74 mm, 66 mm, and 58 mm, and a range of [30:150] each. I need a function that will convert from musical notes to length - I'll provide the A4 length as a baseline.

**Additional requirements:**

*   The individual whistles should be constructed using a `whistle()` module
*   Each whistle should be placed next to each other, separated by `windway_width + sidewall`, for example, the second whistle is translated in the x-direction by 1 \* (`windway_width + sidewall`).
* The core whistle design should be constructed from primitives; the model from my provided code is a good starting point (i.e., using `difference()`, `union()`, `cube()`, `cylinder()`, `linear_extrude()`, and `polygon()`).
*   I'd like to have a `ramp_cutout()` module for that particular piece.
*   The overall assembly should be based on simple translations based on the number of whistles.
*   I also need two helper functions. One to calculate the frequency of a note, relative to A4 which is at 440 Hz, i.e.  `note_to_freq(halfstep_from_a4) = 440 * pow(1.059463094359, halfstep_from_a4)`. The second to calculate the whistle length to generate a particular note based on `length_for_a4`, i.e. `note_to_length(halfstep_from_a4) = 440/note_to_freq(halfstep_from_a4) * length_for_a4;`

I believe this design requires no external OpenSCAD libraries.

Could you please generate the OpenSCAD code for this parametric design, making sure the user can easily customize the parameters for different tones, and number of whistles? I'm aiming for a modular and maintainable design.

[Assistant]
customizer_multitone_whistle.scad:
```

windway_width=12/1;
windway_height=3/1;
windway_length=16/1;
sidewall=1/1;
wall=2/1;
extra=1/1;
chamber_height=10/1;
chamber_width=windway_width;

ramp_angle=12/1;
opening_width=6/1;
ramp_length=(wall+extra)/tan(ramp_angle);

length_for_a4=176.4/1;

num_whistles=5; //[1:5]
length1=88;	//[30:150]
length2=78;	//[30:150]
length3=74;	//[30:150]
length4=66;	//[30:150]
length5=58;	//[30:150]

// notes=[12,14,15,17,19,20,22]; /* A5 B5 C6 D6 E6 F6 G6 */
//notes=[18,22];
//num_notes=2;

function note_to_freq(halfstep_from_a4) = 440 * pow(1.059463094359, halfstep_from_a4);

function note_to_length(halfstep_from_a4) = 440/note_to_freq(halfstep_from_a4) * length_for_a4;

whistle(length1);
if (num_whistles>1)
	translate([1*(windway_width+sidewall),0,0])
			whistle(length2);
if (num_whistles>2)
	translate([2*(windway_width+sidewall),0,0])
			whistle(length3);
if (num_whistles>3)
	translate([3*(windway_width+sidewall),0,0])
			whistle(length4);
if (num_whistles>4)
	translate([4*(windway_width+sidewall),0,0])
			whistle(length5);

module whistle(chamber_length=86) {
	difference() {
		union() {
			translate([0,wall/4,0]) difference() {
				cube([windway_width+sidewall*2,windway_length+wall/2,windway_height+wall*2], center=true);
				cube([windway_width,windway_length+wall/2+extra,windway_height], center=true);
			}

			translate([0,chamber_length/2+windway_length/2+wall,-chamber_height/2+windway_height/2]) {
				difference() {
					cube([chamber_width+sidewall*2, chamber_length+wall*2, chamber_height+wall*2], center=true);
					cube([chamber_width,chamber_length,chamber_height], center=true);
					translate([0,-chamber_length/2-wall/2,chamber_height/2+wall-windway_height/2-wall])
					cube([windway_width, wall*2, windway_height], center=true);
				}
			}

			translate([0,windway_length/2-(chamber_height-windway_height)/2+0.001,-chamber_height/2-wall+0.001]) {
				difference() {
					cube([chamber_width+sidewall*2,chamber_height-windway_height,chamber_height-windway_height], center=true);
					translate([0,-(chamber_height-windway_height)/2,-(chamber_height-windway_height)/2])
						rotate([0,90,0])
							cylinder(r=chamber_height-windway_height, h=chamber_width+sidewall*2+1, center=true, $fn=30);
				}
			}

		}

		translate([-windway_width/2,windway_length/2+opening_width+wall-opening_width/2,windway_height/2-0.01])
			ramp_cutout();
	}
}

module ramp_cutout() {
		 translate([0,-opening_width,0]) rotate([0,0,90]) rotate([90,0,0]) linear_extrude(height=windway_width)
	 		polygon(points=[[0,0],[opening_width,0],[opening_width+ramp_length,wall+extra],[0,wall+extra]], paths=[[0,1,2,3,0]]);
}
```


[User]
Okay, I'm looking to design a parametric "bolt cryptex" in OpenSCAD, similar to the examples I've seen. I want it to have a customizable maze on the bolt itself, and an outer tube that slides off when the maze is solved. The basic concept is that the outer tube has a peg that has to follow a specific path through a 3D maze built into the bolt's surface in order to be removed. Here's what I'm hoping to achieve:

**Core Functionality:**

*   **Maze Definition:** I need to define the maze using a 2D array where "0" represents a wall and "1" represents a path. The maze should wrap around horizontally (the left and right edges connect). A continuous path of "1"s from top to bottom is required for the outer tube to slide off.
*   **Bolt & Tube Interaction:** The outer tube should have a peg that extends into the maze path. The peg's dimensions and path depth should be parameters. The tube should only be able to slide off when the peg follows the correct sequence of "1"s.
*   **Inner Chamber:** The interior of the bolt should be hollow, creating a small chamber that's exposed when the outer tube is removed.

**Parametric Controls:**

*   **Maze Array:** The most crucial parameter should be the 2D array defining the maze path itself. I need to be able to change this to create different maze configurations.
*   **Core Diameter:** The main diameter of the bolt.
*   **Peg Diameter:** The diameter of the peg on the outer tube that travels through the maze.
*   **Peg Length:** The depth that the peg extends into the maze path.
*   **Ring Thickness:** The thickness of the outer tube's base, which also acts as a locking mechanism at the base of the maze.
*   **Bolt Length:** The overall length of the bolt/maze area.
*   **Path Width:** The width of the maze paths on the bolt.
*   **Body Wall:** The thickness of the wall of the outer tube.
*   **Accent Type:** Ability to choose the type of decorative accent on the outer tube, such as "circle," "heart," "squiggle," or "diamond".
*   **Accents Per Column:** The number of rings of accents to place vertically on the outer tube.
*   **Accents Per Row:** The number of accents around each ring on the outer tube.
*  **Accent Shift:** An angular shift to rotate the accents by row.
*   **Grips:** The number of grips (ridges) at the base of the bolt.

**Details & Considerations:**

*   The maze should be constructed using pie-shaped segments, where the "1" cells should have the appropriate ledge/shelf for the peg to rest on.
*  I would like support structures in the model to prevent toppling.
*   The outer tube should have a slightly larger diameter than the bolt to allow it to slide smoothly, with some tolerance built in.
*   The base of the bolt should have some end-cap.
*   I'd like the accents to be evenly spaced around each ring on the outer tube.
*   The generated code should use `MCAD/utilities.scad` and `MCAD/shapes.scad` libraries to simplify the basic shapes.

I think that covers most of what I have in mind. Is it possible to get an OpenSCAD file that generates such a design, with all of these parameters exposed for customization?

[Assistant]
bolt_cryptex.scad:
```
// Parametric Bolt "Cryptex"
//  by seedwire
//
//  Modify the maze array to change the paths through the maze.
//   "0" means no path, "1" means path... a complete path requires
//   adjacent "1"s from top to bottom. The left and right edges do
//   wrap around, so, beware!
//
// The outer tube slides off when you complete the maze, exposing
//  the inner chamber.

// Thanks MCAD!
include <MCAD/utilities.scad>
include <MCAD/shapes.scad>

$fn=50*1;

// 23 lines
maze = [
[1,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,1,1,0],
[1,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,1],
[0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,1],
[1,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,1],
[0,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,0],
[1,1,1,1,0,0,1,0,1,1,0,0,1,1],
[0,0,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,1,0,0],
[1,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,1,1],
[0,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0],
[1,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,0,1],
[0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1],
[1,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0],
[0,0,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0],
[1,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,1,1,0,0],
[1,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0],
[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0],
[1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,0,1,0],
[0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,0],
[0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,1,1,1,0],
[0,1,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,1],
[0,1,0,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,1],
[0,0,0,0,1,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,1],
[1,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0]
			];

max_len = len(maze[0]);

// Primary diameter
core_diameter = 25;
//inner_diameter = 10;

// The peg is what slides through the maze and this parameter defines how big it is!
peg_diameter = 6;
// Depth that the peg extends into the maze path
peg_length = 6;

ring_thickness = 6.25 * 1;

bolt_length = 1.75*len(maze)*peg_diameter;
bolt_diameter = core_diameter + peg_length + (max_len*peg_diameter)/3.1415;

bolt_diameter_capture = bolt_diameter * 1.25;
bolt_capture_length = ring_thickness*1.25;

path_width = peg_diameter;			// the path 1/2 "width"

bolt_radius_high = bolt_diameter/2;							// the wall
bolt_radius_low = bolt_radius_high - peg_length;		// the path

// Type of accent with which to embellish the outer tube
accent = "squiggle"; // [circle,heart,squiggle,diamond]

// Inner tube wall thickness
body_wall = 5;
// Number of stacked 'accent' rings
accent_per_column = 4;
// Number of accents to place per ring
accent_per_row = 5;
// Angular shift to rotate successive accent rows
accent_shift = 0; //[0:360]

// Radial spacing for accents
accent_radius = bolt_length / accent_per_column;

module accent()
{
	if(accent == "circle") {
	  	rotate([0,90,0]) cylinder(r=6,h=body_wall,center=true);
	} else if(accent == "diamond") {
		rotate([0,0,90]) rotate([0,45,0]) cube([10,body_wall,10],center=true);
	} else if(accent == "heart") {
		union() {
			rotate([0,90,0]) translate([0,-2,0]) cylinder(r=3, h=body_wall, center=true);
			rotate([0,90,0]) translate([0,2,0]) cylinder(r=3, h=body_wall, center=true);
			}
		hull() {
			union() {
			rotate([0,90,0]) translate([2,-3,0]) cylinder(r=1, h=body_wall, center=true);
			rotate([0,90,0]) translate([2,3,0]) cylinder(r=1, h=body_wall, center=true);
			}
			rotate([0,90,0]) translate([6,0,0]) cylinder(r=0.5, h=body_wall, center=true);
		}
	} else if(accent == "squiggle") {
		hull() { rotate([0,90,0]) translate([0,2,0]) cylinder(r=2, h=body_wall, center=true);
		rotate([0,90,0]) translate([3,-2,0]) cylinder(r=2, h=body_wall, center=true);
		}
		hull() { rotate([0,90,0]) translate([3,-2,0]) cylinder(r=2, h=body_wall, center=true);
		rotate([0,90,0]) translate([6,2,0]) cylinder(r=2, h=body_wall, center=true);
		}
		hull() { rotate([0,90,0]) translate([6,2,0]) cylinder(r=2, h=body_wall, center=true);
		rotate([0,90,0]) translate([9,-2,0]) cylinder(r=2, h=body_wall, center=true);
		}
	} else {
		echo("****WARNING: Accent type is unknown - FAIL *****");
	}
}

module ledge(radius=1, thickness=1, angle=45)
{
 intersection() {
  intersection() {
  rotate([0,0,angle/2]) difference() {
	translate([0,0,thickness/2]) sphere(r=radius, center=true);
	union() {
		translate([-(radius/2),0,0]) cube([radius,3*radius,3*radius], center=true);
		rotate([0,0,180-angle]) translate([-(radius/2),0,0]) cube([radius,5*radius,5*radius], center=true);

	}
  }
  cube([5*radius,5*radius,thickness], center=true);
  }
 rotate([30,0,0]) cube([1.10*radius,3*radius,radius*0.85], center=true);
 }
}

module pie(radius=1, thickness=1, angle=45)
{
 rotate([0,0,angle/2]) difference() {
	cylinder(r=radius, h=thickness, center=true);
	union() {
		translate([-(radius/2),0,0]) cube([radius,3*radius,3*radius], center=true);
		rotate([0,0,180-angle]) translate([-(radius/2),0,0]) cube([radius,3*radius,3*radius], center=true);
	}
 }
}

angle_1 = 360/max_len;
angle_1_ch = bolt_radius_high * (angle_1 * 2 * 3.1415 / 360);
angle_0 = angle_1;

// Build up the maze with pie-slices
union() { difference() { union(){for(i = [0:len(maze)]) {
	translate([0,0,bolt_length-(i*path_width*2)])
	for(j = [0:len(maze[i])]) {
		rotate([0,0,j*360/(len(maze[i]))])
		union() { if(maze[i][j] == 0) {
			pie(radius=bolt_radius_high, thickness=path_width*2, angle=angle_1*1.1);
		} else {
			if(maze[i-1][j] == 0) {
				union() {
					pie(radius=bolt_radius_low, thickness=path_width*2, angle=angle_0*1.1);
					translate([0,0,path_width/2]) ledge(radius=bolt_radius_high, thickness=path_width, angle=angle_0*1.1);
				}
			} else {
				pie(radius=bolt_radius_low, thickness=path_width*2, angle=angle_0*1.1);
			}
		}
	  }
	}
}}
cylinder(r=bolt_radius_low-peg_length,h=bolt_length*2);
}
}

// Cap the end...
translate([0,0,-2*bolt_capture_length+path_width]) cylinder(r=bolt_diameter_capture/2, h=bolt_capture_length);

translate([0,0,-1*bolt_capture_length+path_width]) cylinder(r=bolt_radius_low, h=bolt_capture_length);

translate([core_diameter*4,0,bolt_length-2.5]) rotate([180,0,0]) union() {

// the ring!/outer tube
// locking ring at base
translate([0,0,-ring_thickness/2])
union() { difference() {
		cylinder(r=bolt_radius_high*1.5, h=ring_thickness);
		cylinder(r=bolt_radius_high+1, h=ring_thickness*10.55,center=true);
	}
translate([-peg_length+bolt_radius_high,-peg_diameter/2,0]) cube([peg_length+2,peg_diameter+2,peg_diameter+2]);

// outer tube
union() {
	difference() { translate([0,0,ring_thickness]) difference() {
		cylinder(r=bolt_radius_high+2*peg_length, h=bolt_length+2);
		translate([0,0,-0.5]) cylinder(r=bolt_radius_high*1.5-8, h=bolt_length+2+2);
	}

	// make room for lamp accents
	rotate([0,0,20]) for(i = [0:accent_per_column-1])
	{
		rotate([0,0,accent_shift+(360/accent_per_row)/2*i]) spin(no=accent_per_row, angle=360) translate([bolt_radius_high*1.5-5,0,accent_radius*i+accent_radius/1.5]) scale([10,2,2]) rotate([0,0,0]) accent();
	}
}
}

// end cap on outer tube
translate([0,0,bolt_length+ring_thickness+2]) cylinder(r=bolt_radius_high*1.5, h=4);
}
}

// Support!
translate([0,0,-bolt_capture_length-3.8]) union() {
	mirror([1,1,0]){
		cube([10,60,0.6]);
		cube([60,10,0.6]);
	}
	   cube([10,60,0.6]);
	   cube([60,10,0.6]);
	difference() {
		cylinder(r=75, h=0.6);
		translate([0,0,-0.035]) cylinder(r=55, h=0.67);
	}
}

```
bolt_cryptex_v2.scad:
```
// Parametric Bolt "Cryptex"
//  by seedwire
//
//  Modify the maze array to change the paths through the maze.
//   "0" means no path, "1" means path... a complete path requires
//   adjacent "1"s from top to bottom. The left and right edges do
//   wrap around, so, beware!
//
// The outer tube slides off when you complete the maze, exposing
//  the inner chamber.

// Thanks MCAD!
include <MCAD/utilities.scad>
include <MCAD/shapes.scad>

$fn=50*1+15*0;

// 23 lines
maze = [
[1,1,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1],
[1,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,1,1,0],
[1,0,0,1,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,1],
[0,0,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,1],
[1,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,1,1,1,0,1],
[0,0,0,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,1,0],
[1,1,1,1,0,0,1,0,1,1,0,0,1,1],
[0,0,0,1,1,0,1,1,0,1,1,1,0,0],
[1,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,1,1],
[0,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0],
[1,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,0,1],
[0,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,1,1],
[1,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,0,0,0],
[0,0,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,0],
[1,1,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,1,1,0,0],
[1,0,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,1,0],
[1,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,0,1,0,0,1,0],
[1,1,1,1,1,1,1,0,1,1,1,0,1,0],
[0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,0,0,1,0],
[0,0,1,0,0,0,1,0,1,0,1,1,1,0],
[0,1,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,1],
[0,1,0,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,1,0,0,1],
[0,0,0,0,1,0,1,1,1,0,1,0,1,1],
[1,0,1,0,0,1,0,0,0,0,1,0,1,0]
			];

max_len = len(maze[0]);

// Tolerance
tolerance = 2;

// Primary diameter
core_diameter = 25+2;
// Inner tube wall thickness
body_wall = 5;

// The peg is what slides through the maze and this parameter defines how big it is!
peg_diameter = 6;
// Depth that the peg extends into the maze path
peg_length = 6;
path_width = peg_diameter + tolerance;			// the path 1/2 "width"

ring_thickness = path_width + 3;

bolt_length = 2*len(maze)*path_width;
row_height = bolt_length / len(maze);

bolt_diameter = core_diameter + peg_length + (max_len*peg_diameter)/3.1415;

bolt_diameter_capture = bolt_diameter * 1.25;
bolt_capture_length = ring_thickness * 1.25;

bolt_radius_high = bolt_diameter/2;							// the wall
bolt_radius_low = bolt_radius_high - peg_length;		// the path

// Type of accent with which to embellish the outer tube
accent = "diamond"; // [circle,heart,squiggle,diamond]

// Number of stacked 'accent' rings
accent_per_column = 4;
// Number of accents to place per ring
accent_per_row = 5;
// Angular shift to rotate successive accent rows
accent_shift = 0; //[0:360]

// Radial spacing for accents
accent_radius = bolt_length / accent_per_column;

// Number of "grips" on the bolt handle
grips = 12;

module accent()
{
	if(accent == "circle") {
	  	rotate([0,90,0]) cylinder(r=6,h=body_wall,center=true);
	} else if(accent == "diamond") {
		rotate([0,0,90]) rotate([0,45,0]) cube([10,body_wall,10],center=true);
	} else if(accent == "heart") {
		rotate([180,0,0]) union() { union() {
			rotate([0,90,0]) translate([0,-2,0]) cylinder(r=3, h=body_wall, center=true);
			rotate([0,90,0]) translate([0,2,0]) cylinder(r=3, h=body_wall, center=true);
			}
		hull() {
			union() {
			rotate([0,90,0]) translate([2,-3,0]) cylinder(r=1, h=body_wall, center=true);
			rotate([0,90,0]) translate([2,3,0]) cylinder(r=1, h=body_wall, center=true);
			}
			rotate([0,90,0]) translate([6,0,0]) cylinder(r=0.5, h=body_wall, center=true);
		}}
	} else if(accent == "squiggle") {
		hull() { rotate([0,90,0]) translate([0,2,0]) cylinder(r=2, h=body_wall, center=true);
		rotate([0,90,0]) translate([3,-2,0]) cylinder(r=2, h=body_wall, center=true);
		}
		hull() { rotate([0,90,0]) translate([3,-2,0]) cylinder(r=2, h=body_wall, center=true);
		rotate([0,90,0]) translate([6,2,0]) cylinder(r=2, h=body_wall, center=true);
		}
		hull() { rotate([0,90,0]) translate([6,2,0]) cylinder(r=2, h=body_wall, center=true);
		rotate([0,90,0]) translate([9,-2,0]) cylinder(r=2, h=body_wall, center=true);
		}
	} else {
		echo("****WARNING: Accent type is unknown - FAIL *****");
	}
}

module ledge(radius=1, thickness=1, angle=45)
{
 intersection() {
  intersection() {
  rotate([0,0,angle/2]) difference() {
	translate([0,0,thickness/2]) sphere(r=radius, center=true);
	union() {
		translate([-(radius/2),0,0]) cube([radius,3*radius,3*radius], center=true);
		rotate([0,0,180-angle]) translate([-(radius/2),0,0]) cube([radius,5*radius,5*radius], center=true);

	}
  }
  cube([5*radius,5*radius,thickness], center=true);
  }
 rotate([30,0,0]) cube([1.10*radius,3*radius,radius*0.85], center=true);
 }
}

module pie(radius=1, thickness=1, angle=45)
{
 rotate([0,0,angle/2]) difference() {
	cylinder(r=radius, h=thickness, center=true);
	union() {
		translate([-(radius/2),0,0]) cube([radius,3*radius,3*radius], center=true);
		rotate([0,0,180-angle]) translate([-(radius/2),0,0]) cube([radius,3*radius,3*radius], center=true);
	}
 }
}

angle_1 = 360/max_len;
angle_1_ch = bolt_radius_high * (angle_1 * 2 * 3.1415 / 360);
angle_0 = angle_1;

// Build up the maze with pie-slices
union() { difference() { union(){for(i = [0:len(maze)]) {
	translate([0,0,(i*row_height)])
	for(j = [0:len(maze[i])]) {
		rotate([0,0,j*360/(len(maze[i]))])
		union() { if(maze[i][j] == 0) {
			pie(radius=bolt_radius_high, thickness=row_height, angle=angle_1*1.1);
		} else {
			if(maze[i+1][j] == 0) {
				union() {
					pie(radius=bolt_radius_low, thickness=row_height, angle=angle_0*1.1);
					translate([0,0,0*row_height+row_height/4]) ledge(radius=bolt_radius_high, thickness=row_height/2, angle=angle_0*1.1);
				}
			} else {
				pie(radius=bolt_radius_low, thickness=row_height, angle=angle_0*1.1);
			}
		}
	  }
	}
}}
cylinder(r=bolt_radius_low-peg_length,h=bolt_length*2);
}
}

// Cap the end...
translate([0,0,-2*bolt_capture_length+path_width+1])
	difference() {
		cylinder(r=bolt_radius_high*1.5, h=bolt_capture_length-1);
		union() {
			for(i = [0:grips-1]) {
				rotate([0,0,i*360/grips]) translate([0,bolt_radius_high*1.5,-1]) rotate([0,0,90]) cylinder(r=5,h=bolt_capture_length+1);
			}
		}
	}

translate([0,0,-1*bolt_capture_length+path_width]) cylinder(r=bolt_radius_low, h=bolt_capture_length);

translate([core_diameter*4.5,0,0*bolt_length-6.5]) rotate([0*180,0,0]) union() {

// the ring!/outer tube
// locking ring at base
translate([50,0,-ring_thickness-0.5-0.5])
union() {
	difference() {
		cylinder(r=bolt_radius_high*1.45, h=ring_thickness+1);
		cylinder(r=bolt_radius_high+1+tolerance, h=ring_thickness*10.55,center=true);
	}
translate([-peg_length+bolt_radius_high+1,-peg_diameter/2,0]) cube([peg_length+2,peg_diameter+2,peg_diameter+2]);

// outer tube
union() {
	difference() { translate([0,0,0]) difference() {
		cylinder(r=bolt_radius_high+1.5*peg_length, h=bolt_length+2);
		translate([0,0,-10]) cylinder(r=bolt_radius_high+1+tolerance, h=bolt_length+2+20);
	}

	// make room for accents
	rotate([0,0,20]) for(i = [0:accent_per_column-1])
	{
		rotate([0,0,accent_shift+(360/accent_per_row)/2*i]) spin(no=accent_per_row, angle=360) translate([bolt_radius_high*1.5+15,0,accent_radius*i+accent_radius/1.5-10]) scale([20,2,2]) rotate([0,0,0]) accent();
	}
}
}

	// end caps on outer tube
	translate([0,0,bolt_length]) union() {
		translate([0,0,-5]) cylinder(r=bolt_radius_high*1.5, h=5);
		spin(no=80, angle=360) translate([0,0,-7.5]) ledge(radius=bolt_radius_high*1.58, thickness=5, angle=4.5);
		translate([0,0,-15]) cylinder(r=bolt_radius_high*1.5, h=5);
		spin(no=80, angle=360) translate([0,0,-17.5]) ledge(radius=bolt_radius_high*1.58, thickness=5, angle=4.5);
	}
}
}

// Support!
translate([0,0,-bolt_capture_length-ring_thickness/2+0.75]) rotate([0,0,20]) union() {

		translate([0,15,0]) cube([10,60,1+0.6]);
		rotate([0,0,-10]) translate([5,0,0]) cube([60,10,1+0.6]);
  		rotate([0,0,-10]) translate([0,-65,0]) cube([10,60,1+0.6]);
	   translate([-65,0,0]) cube([60,10,1+0.6]);
	difference() {
		cylinder(r=10+75, h=1+0.6);
		translate([0,0,-0.035]) cylinder(r=55, h=1+0.67);
	}
}

translate([169,0,-bolt_capture_length-ring_thickness/2+0.75]) union() {

   mirror([1,1,0]){
	 translate([0, 35, 0]) cube([10,40,1+0.6]);
	 translate([35,0,  0]) cube([40,10,1+0.6]);
	}
   translate([0,40,0]) cube([10,40,1+0.6]);
   translate([40,0,0]) cube([40,10,1+0.6]);

	difference() {
		cylinder(r=15+75, h=1+0.6);
		union() {
			translate([0,0,-0.035]) cylinder(r=55, h=1+0.67);
		}
	}
}

```


[User]
Okay, I need help designing a parametric OpenSCAD file for a plastic bag clip, sort of like a clothes pin but shaped like a fish. I've included the existing file I have, which imports a DXF file. But I'd like to be able to change the dimensions of the fish directly, instead of scaling a fixed shape. Also, I'd like to include some parameters for how 'pinchy' the clip part is.

Here's what I'm looking for in this new design:

1.  **Basic Shape:** The overall shape should be a stylized fish. Think simple, maybe a bit cartoonish. It needs to have a body that is easy to grip and a 'mouth' area that acts as the clip.
2.  **Parametric Body:** I want to be able to control the fish's length, height, and thickness. So `fishLength`, `fishHeight`, and `fishThickness` should be parameters. The body could be some sort of rounded rectangle or ellipse, maybe tapered towards the tail.
3.  **Parametric 'Mouth':** The clip itself needs to be adjustable.  I want to control:
    *   `mouthWidth`: the width of the opening where the bag goes
    *   `mouthDepth`: how deep the opening goes into the fish's mouth
    *   `lipThickness`: The thickness of the "lips" that press the bag closed.
    *  `pinchAngle`: This will control the angle of the "lips", which affects how tightly the clip grips. A higher angle makes it a tighter grip.  The "lips" should be angled towards each other, creating a narrower opening at the front than at the back of the mouth.
4.  **Material Thickness:** A global `thickness` parameter for the clip.
5.  **No external DXF/SVG file:** I don't want to import an external file for the main shape.  The fish shape should be generated parametrically.
6.  **Grip:** The fish's body should be designed to be easily gripped, so maybe a simple curved or rounded shape. I don't need extra grip texture, just a simple, solid shape.
7.  **No Moving Parts:** I want a single, solid part - no hinges or moving parts. It should rely on the flexibility of the plastic for the clamping action.
8.  **Single Part:** I would like a single, printable part.

I'm also using the `linear_extrude` function, so it will need to be included in the solution to be compatible with the original file.

I don't need any special libraries, I think the built-in OpenSCAD functions will be sufficient.

Here's the original file I was using, for reference, but I don't want the DXF import anymore:

```
/*
 * Fishy Bag Clamp (Parametric), v0.42
 *
 * by Alex Franke (CodeCreations), Jan 2013
 * http://www.theFrankes.com
 *
 * Licenced under Creative Commons Attribution - Non-Commercial - Share Alike 3.0
 *
 * DESCRIPTION: This is a little clip that holds a twisted plasted bag closed.
 *
 * INSTRUCTIONS:  Twist bag and press into place.
 *
 * v0.42, Jan 12, 2013: Initial Release.
 *
 * TODO:
 *   * None at this time
 */

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// User-defined values...
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// Scale. What percentage to you want to scale it? (100 = original size)
scale = 100; //[1:500]

// Thickness. How thick should it be?
thickness = 2;

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// User-defined values...
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

linear_extrude(height=thickness)
scale(scale/100)
import("fish-clamp_export.dxf");
```

Can you help me create a new, fully parametric version?

[Assistant]
fish-clamp.scad:
```
/*
 * Fishy Bag Clamp (Parametric), v0.42
 *
 * by Alex Franke (CodeCreations), Jan 2013
 * http://www.theFrankes.com
 *
 * Licenced under Creative Commons Attribution - Non-Commercial - Share Alike 3.0
 *
 * DESCRIPTION: This is a little clip that holds a twisted plasted bag closed.
 *
 * INSTRUCTIONS:  Twist bag and press into place.
 *
 * v0.42, Jan 12, 2013: Initial Release.
 *
 * TODO:
 *   * None at this time
 */

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// User-defined values...
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

// Scale. What percentage to you want to scale it? (100 = original size)
scale = 100; //[1:500]

// Thickness. How thick should it be?
thickness = 2;

/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
// User-defined values...
/////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////

linear_extrude(height=thickness)
scale(scale/100)
import("fish-clamp_export.dxf");

```


[User]
Okay, I'm looking to design a customizable whistle, and I've found this existing design that's pretty close to what I want. It's based on a parametric OpenSCAD file, and I want to refine it further. The existing file is called `3er_pfeife_v27_round.scad` and is based on this Thingiverse design: http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:41915

Here's what I like and what I'd like to change or add:

**Existing Features I Want to Keep (and make sure they are still parametric):**

*   **Basic Whistle Shape:** The core design is a cylinder with a blowing slot cut into it, and an internal sphere that helps create the whistle sound.
*   **Multiple Whistle Sizes:**  The provided code shows how to create a set of whistles with varying radii, and I like that; it should be a parameter to add more whistles on a single print.
*   **Text Labeling:** The design already has functionality to add text, both regular and curved around the whistle, which is perfect for personalization. I want to keep both of those.
*   **Optional Stand:** The functionality for a little stand, for displaying the whistle, is nice; it should be kept.
*   **Holder/Handle:** There's a parametric holder that seems to attach to the side of the whistle; I want to ensure I have control over that size.
*   **Parametric Design:** I like that the parameters for wall thickness, slot width, sphere size, etc., are all customizable. These should remain parametric.

**Changes/Additions I'd Like:**

1.  **More Granular Control Over the Internal Sphere:** I need a parameter to precisely control the vertical *and* horizontal position of the inner sphere. Right now, it seems tied to the whistle's radial dimensions which might not always be ideal. I also want to be able to independently control the size of the stand that supports the sphere. I'm thinking separate radius for the sphere and separate radius and height for that small support.
2.  **Multiple Whistle Profiles:** While the main body is currently a simple cylinder, I'd like to be able to choose between a few different body profiles - for example, a cylinder, a slightly conical shape (truncated cone), or maybe a curved, rounded profile. I think it would be easiest to control the curved profile by interpolating between two radii: one at the base, and one at the top. I want to keep the existing cylindrical profile as well.
3.  **Whistle Tone Control:** I need some control over the whistle's tone. It would be great if the script could use parameters to make a simple adjustment the blowing slit shape to change the tone, for example by adjusting the angle of that slot. I'm open to ideas here. Maybe the size and angle of that block? I would also like to separately control the depth and width of the main blowing slot.
4.  **Improved Handle:** The handle currently uses a scale operation. I would like to be able to independently control its height, radius, and thickness, as a single parametric shape instead.
5.  **Material Properties:** I'd like to have a parameter for material thickness, with the script calculating tolerances to account for material thickness (so everything will fit together properly when printed).
6.  **Clearer Code:** I'm not super familiar with OpenSCAD; it would be great if the code could be organized to be a bit easier to understand.

**Libraries:**

The provided code uses `write.scad` for the text functionality, so we will need to include that.

**Summary:**

I would like a parametric whistle generator, based on the provided code, that allows me to customize the overall shape of the body (including cylindrical, conical, and curved options), have more control over the position and size of the internal sphere and its stand, the ability to fine-tune the whistle's tone, have parametric control of the handle's size and shape, control for material tolerances, and generally be easier to use and understand. The text capabilities from the existing code should be kept as well.

[Assistant]
3er_pfeife_v27_round.scad:
```

// Pfeife by Nischi, Alexander Nischelwitzer
// nischelwitzer@gmail.com (C)Jan/2013
// http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:41915
//
// V1.1 Rotationsrundung weg
// V1.2 stärkerer Halter
// V2.0 Optimierunge für Parameter
// V2.1 Textparameter, Anpassung Innenkugel hohl
// V2.2 Innenkugel mit 1mm Ständer
// V2.3 dynamischer Halter (scale)
// V2.4 innenreifen für rad>40 zum deckel machen, innenkugel true/false
// V2.5 if statements, round text, dynamic handle, staender, adjustment inner sphere
// V2.6 corrected some bugs, better whistle hole
// V2.7 paramter version

use<write.scad>  // http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:16193

// ============================================================
// Paramters

dicke  =   2;  // pfeife wandstärke [mind. 2]
breite =   6;  // breite blasschlitz

ball   =   3;  // innenkugel (wandstärke auf 1 mm)
buffer =   0;  // für test (innenblick)
texth  =   1;  // texthoehe

// turn features on and off

dotext =   false; // do normal text
dortxt =   false;  // do round text
dohold =   flase;  // do holder
dostay =   false;  // do staender

// ============================================================

// whistel: text, textsize, rad, height, length, do sphere
//                           25      20      30

translate([0,  0.0,  0]) pfeife("", 0.0, 40, 15, 35, true);
translate([0,  5.0, 15]) pfeife("", 0.0, 30, 15, 30, true);
translate([0,  7.5, 30]) pfeife("", 0.0, 25, 15, 25, true);
translate([0, 10.0, 45]) pfeife("", 0.0, 20, 15, 20, true);

// ============================================================

module pfeife(name,sizename,rad,hoehe,laenge, doball)
{

  if (dohold) rotate([90,0,0]) translate([-rad/2+0.1,hoehe/2,0])
    scale([15/hoehe,1,1]) halter(hoehe);

  if (dotext) rotate([0,0,0])  translate([0,0,hoehe]) texter(name, sizename);
  if (dortxt)
  {
    writecylinder(name,[0,0,0],t=3,h=8,font="letters.dxf",
      space=1.0, rad/2+1,hoehe,face="top");
    // writecylinder("HDW",[0,0,0],t=3,h=9,font="letters.dxf",
    //   space=1.2, rad/2, hoehe,face="top", ccw=true);
  }

  difference()
  {
    union()
    {
      color([1,0,0,1]) translate([0,0,0]) cylinder(hoehe, r=rad/2, $fn = 35);
      color("green") translate([0,rad/2-breite,0]) cube([laenge,breite,hoehe]);
      color("green") translate([0,0,0]) cube([rad/2,rad/2,hoehe]);
	}
    translate([0,0,dicke]) cylinder(hoehe-dicke*2+buffer, r=rad/2-dicke, $fn = 25);
    translate([0,rad/2-breite+dicke,dicke])
      cube([laenge+dicke,breite-dicke*2,hoehe-dicke*2+buffer]);

    if (rad > 39) // stützkreis
      translate([0,0,0]) cylinder(hoehe, r=(rad-25)/2-dicke, $fn = 25);

    translate([dicke*5,rad/2-dicke/3,dicke]) rotate([0,0,150])
      cube([dicke*5,dicke*2,hoehe-2*dicke]);  // Pfeifenschlitz mit Winkel
    translate([4,rad/2-7.5,dicke]) rotate([0,0,0])
      cube([rad/8,10,hoehe-2*dicke]); // Schlitz gerader Block
  }

  if (dostay) // to let it stay on table for presentation
    color("black") translate([-rad/6,-rad/2,0]) cube([rad/3,dicke,hoehe]);

  if (rad > 39) // stützkreis
  {
    difference() {
      translate([0,0,dicke]) cylinder(hoehe-dicke*2, r=(rad-25)/2, $fn = 35);
      translate([0,0,dicke]) cylinder(hoehe-dicke*2, r=(rad-25)/2-dicke, $fn = 25);
    }
  }

  if (doball) // innere sphere - innenkugel mit stäender
  {
    color("red") translate([0,rad/2-7.5,dicke]) cylinder(1, r=1, $fn = 10);
    difference() // innenkugel
    {
      color("red") translate([0,rad/2-7.5,dicke+ball+1+1]) sphere(ball+1, $fn=25);
      color("red") translate([0,rad/2-7.5,dicke+ball+1+1]) sphere(ball, $fn=25);
    }
  }
}

// ============================================================

module texter(gotname="NIS", sizename=11)
{
  color([1,1,1])   translate([0.5,2,0]) rotate([0,0,40])
    write(gotname,t=3,h=sizename,font="letters.dxf", space=0.90, center=true);
}

module halter(hoehe)
{
  difference()
  {
    union()
    {
      color("red") translate([0,0,-dicke]) cylinder(dicke*2, r=hoehe/2, $fn = 25);
	}
    translate([0,0,-dicke]) cylinder(hoehe-dicke*2, r=hoehe/2-dicke*hoehe/15, $fn = 25);
    translate([0,-hoehe,-dicke]) cube([hoehe,hoehe*2,dicke*2]);
  }
}

// ============================================================

```


[User]
Okay, I'm looking to create a custom door pull, and I'd like to be able to adjust several parameters to get exactly what I need. I'd like the design to be based on a stem with an optional ornament on top.

Here are the features and parameters I want to be able to control:

**Stem:**

*   **Stem Height:** I need to set the height of the stem in millimeters. I'd like a minimum of 0mm and a maximum of 40mm.
*   **Stem Diameter:** I need to set the diameter of the stem's base in millimeters. I need a minimum of 10mm and a maximum of 50mm.
*   **Taper:** The stem should be able to taper from the base to the top. I need a parameter to control the taper. A value of 1 should mean no taper, 1.2 would mean a slightly larger top and 0.8 would mean a slightly smaller top. I'd like to be able to adjust this with a value as low as 0.5 and as high as 1.5, and maybe even higher if it's possible.
*   **Angled Edges:** I'd like to be able to add angled edges to the top and bottom of the stem - a chamfered effect. I should have the option to enable or disable this.
*   **Stem Shape:**  I'd like to have two stem shape options - straight or curved. If curved, the stem should have a rounded, almost vase like profile.

**Screw Hole:**

*   **Screw Depth:** I need to specify how far the screw should extend into the back of the stem in millimeters. I need a range from 3mm to 15mm.
*   **Screw Diameter:** I need to specify the diameter of the screw thread in millimeters, it will be used to define the diameter of the hole.

**Ornament:**

*   **Ornament Style:** I want to be able to choose an ornament type at the top of the stem. It should include the options: None, Ball, Mushroom, UFO, Blimp, Half Blimp, Square, Triangle, Rectangle, Circle, and Hexagon.
*   **Ornament Size:** I need to specify how large the ornament is in millimeters, which will determine the radius or size of the different ornament styles. It should have a range of 5mm to 50mm.
*    **Indent Effect:** I need a way to specify an indent effect on the ornament and/or stem. Options should include None, Bump (a small raised bump), and Reverse (a recessed indent).

**OpenSCAD details:**

*   I would like this to be a fully parametric OpenSCAD file so that I can adjust all of these parameters directly within the Customizer.
*   I do not need any external libraries.
*   I need the code to work with OpenSCAD version 2021.01 or higher.

Can you provide the OpenSCAD code for this?

[Assistant]
DoorPullMaker.scad:
```
// How long should the base be? (in mm)
01_stem_height = 20; // [0:40]
stem_height = 01_stem_height + 0.0;

// How thick should the base be? (in mm)
02_stem_diameter = 18; // [10:50]
stem_radius = 02_stem_diameter/2 + 0.0;

// How different is the top of the base compared to the bottom?
03_taper_amount = 0.8; // [1.5:A Lot Larger, 1.2:A Little Larger, 1:No Difference, 0.8:A Little Smaller, 0.5:A Lot Smaller]
taper_amount = 03_taper_amount + 0.0;

// Angled top and bottom edges on stem?
04_angled_edges = "Yes"; // [No, Yes]
stem_chamfer = str(04_angled_edges, "");

// Is the base Straight or Curved?
05_stem_shape = "Straight"; // [Straight, Curved]
stem_shape = str(05_stem_shape,"");

// How far does the screw stick out of the front of your cabinet? (in mm)
06_screw_depth = 5; // [3:15]
screw_depth = 06_screw_depth + 1.0;

// What is the diameter (width) of threaded part of the screw? (in mm)
07_screw_diameter = 3;
screw_radius = (07_screw_diameter+.75)/2.0;

// What type of ornament on the knob?
08_ornament_style = "UFO"; // [None, Ball, Mushroom, UFO, Blimp, Half Blimp, Square, Triangle, Rectangle, Circle, Hexagon]
ornament_style = str(08_ornament_style,"");

// How big do you want the ornament? (in mm)
09_ornament_size = 30; // [5:50]
ornament_size = (09_ornament_size/2) + 0.0;

// Special indent effect?
10_indent_ornament = "Bump"; // [None, Bump, Reverse]
indent_ornament = str(10_indent_ornament,"");

difference() {
	union() {
		if (stem_height > 0) {
			createStem();
		}
		if (ornament_style != "None") {
			if (ornament_style == "Ball") {
				createBallOrnament();
			}
			if (ornament_style == "Mushroom") {
				createHalfBallOrnament();
			}
			if (ornament_style == "UFO") {
				createUfoOrnament();
			}
			if (ornament_style == "Blimp") {
				createBlimpOrnament();
			}
			if (ornament_style == "Half Blimp") {
				createHalfBlimpOrnament();
			}
			if (ornament_style == "Triangle") {
				createShapeOrnament(3);
			}
			if (ornament_style == "Circle") {
				createShapeOrnament(36);
			}
			if (ornament_style == "Hexagon") {
				createShapeOrnament(6);
			}
			if (ornament_style == "Rectangle") {
				createRectangleOrnament();
			}
			if (ornament_style == "Square") {
				createShapeOrnament(4);
			}
		}
	}
	if ((stem_height > 0) || (ornament_style != "None")) {
		createScrewHole();
	}
}

module createStem() {
	difference() {
		cylinder(r1=max(stem_radius,screw_radius+1),r2=max(stem_radius*taper_amount,screw_radius+1),h=stem_height,$fn=48);

		if (stem_shape == "Curved") {
			translate([0,0,stem_height/1.55])
			rotate_extrude(convexity = 10, $fn=24)
			scale([1,(stem_height*0.775)/stem_radius,1])
			translate([stem_radius*1.65, 0, stem_height])
			circle(r = stem_radius, $fn=24);
		}

		if (stem_chamfer == "Yes") {
			// bottom
			rotate_extrude(convexity = 10, $fn=64)
			translate([stem_radius+1, 0, -10])
			circle(r = 2, $fn=6);
			// top
			rotate_extrude(convexity = 10, $fn=64)
			translate([(stem_radius+1)*taper_amount, stem_height, -10])
			circle(r = 2*taper_amount, $fn=6);
		}

		if (ornament_style == "None" && indent_ornament != "None") {
			if (indent_ornament == "Bump") {
				rotate_extrude(convexity = 10, $fn=64)
				translate([(stem_radius*taper_amount)-3, stem_height, -10])
				circle(r = 0.5, $fn=6);
			}
			if (indent_ornament == "Reverse") {
				translate([0,0,stem_height-0.5])
				cylinder(r1=stem_radius*taper_amount-3,r2=stem_radius*taper_amount-3,h=stem_height,$fn=48);

			}
		}
	}
}

module createScrewHole() {
	if (stem_height > 5 ) {
		translate([0,0,-2]) cylinder(r1=screw_radius,r2=screw_radius,h=min(screw_depth+2,stem_height),$fn=24);
	} else {
		translate([0,0,-80]) cylinder(r1=screw_radius,r2=screw_radius,h=85,$fn=24);
	}
}

module createBallOrnament() {
	if ((ornament_size) >= stem_radius*taper_amount)
	{
		translate([0,0,(stem_height+(sqrt(pow(ornament_size,2)-pow(stem_radius*taper_amount,2)) ) )])
		difference() {
		 union() {
				if (indent_ornament == "Bump") {
					sphere(r=ornament_size-1, $fn=36);
				}
			difference() {
				sphere(r=ornament_size, $fn=36);
				if (indent_ornament != "None") {
					translate([0,0,max(stem_height*0.5,ornament_size-1)]) sphere(r=ornament_size-1, $fn=36);
				}
			}
		}

		}
	}
 	else {
		translate([0,0,stem_height])
		 union() {
			if (indent_ornament == "Bump") {
				sphere(r=ornament_size-1, $fn=36);
			}
			difference() {
				sphere(r=ornament_size, $fn=36);
				if (indent_ornament != "None") {
					translate([0,0,10]) sphere(r=ornament_size-1, $fn=36);
				}
			}
		}
	}

}

module createHalfBallOrnament() {
	translate([0,0,stem_height])
	difference() {
		union() {
			if (indent_ornament == "Bump") {
				sphere(r=ornament_size-1, $fn=36);
			}
			difference() {
				sphere(r=ornament_size, $fn=36);
				if (indent_ornament != "None") {
					translate([0,0,ornament_size-1]) sphere(r=ornament_size-1, $fn=36);
				}
			}
		}
		translate([-35,-35,-70]) cube([70,70,70], center=false);
	}

}

module createUfoOrnament() {
	if ((ornament_size) >= stem_radius*taper_amount)
	{
		scale([1,1,0.2])
		translate([0,0,((stem_height*5)+(sqrt(pow(ornament_size,2)-pow(stem_radius*taper_amount,2)) ) )])
		union() {
			if (indent_ornament == "Bump") {
				sphere(r=ornament_size-1, $fn=36);
			}
			difference() {
				sphere(r=ornament_size, $fn=36);
				if (indent_ornament != "None") {
					translate([0,0,ornament_size-1]) sphere(r=ornament_size-1, $fn=36);
				}
			}
		}
	}
	else {
		scale([1,1,0.2])
		translate([0,0,stem_height*5])
		union() {
			if (indent_ornament == "Bump") {
				sphere(r=ornament_size-1, $fn=36);
			}
			difference() {
				sphere(r=ornament_size, $fn=36);
				if (indent_ornament != "None") {
					translate([0,0,ornament_size-1]) sphere(r=ornament_size-1, $fn=36);
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

module createBlimpOrnament() {
	translate([0,0,(stem_height+(sqrt(pow(ornament_size,2)-pow(stem_radius*taper_amount,2)) )/2 )])
	scale([1,0.5,0.5])
	union() {
		if (indent_ornament == "Bump") {
			sphere(r=ornament_size-1, $fn=36);
		}
		difference() {
			sphere(r=ornament_size, $fn=36);
			if (indent_ornament != "None") {
				translate([0,0,ornament_size-1]) sphere(r=ornament_size-1, $fn=36);
			}
		}
	}
}

module createHalfBlimpOrnament() {
		scale([1,0.5,0.5]) translate([0,0,stem_height*2])
		difference() {
		union() {
			if (indent_ornament == "Bump") {
				sphere(r=ornament_size-1, $fn=48);
			}
			difference() {
				sphere(r=ornament_size, $fn=48);
				if (indent_ornament != "None") {
					translate([0,0,ornament_size-1]) sphere(r=ornament_size-1, $fn=48);
				}
			}
		}
		translate([-35,-35,-70]) cube([70,70,70], center=false);
	}
}

module createShapeOrnament(sides, scale) {
	translate([0,0,stem_height])
	scale([scale,scale,1])
	difference() {
		cylinder(r=ornament_size, h=ornament_size/3, $fn=sides);
		if (indent_ornament != "None") {
			translate([0,0,ornament_size/3-1])
			difference() {
				cylinder(r=ornament_size-4, h=10, $fn=sides);
				if (indent_ornament == "Bump") {
					cylinder(r=ornament_size-6, h=10, $fn=sides);
				}
			}
		}
	}
}
module createRectangleOrnament() {
	translate([0,0,stem_height])
	difference() {
		translate([-ornament_size,-ornament_size/2,0])
		cube(size=[ornament_size*2,ornament_size,ornament_size/5], center=false);
		if (indent_ornament != "None") {
			translate([-ornament_size+2,-ornament_size/2+2,ornament_size/5-1])
			difference() {
				cube(size=[ornament_size*2-4,ornament_size-4,ornament_size/5], center=false);
				if (indent_ornament == "Bump") {
					translate([2,2,0])
					cube(size=[ornament_size*2-8,ornament_size-8,ornament_size/5], center=false);
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

```


[User]
Okay, so I'm trying to design a really robust belt clamp for my Shapeoko CNC. I've seen a bunch of designs online, but they often feel flimsy, and I've even had some break on me. I've been messing around with OpenSCAD, and I've got a couple of files here that kind of show what I'm going for. I’d like to work towards a single, parametric design that is easily configurable for different belt sizes and mounting options.

Essentially, the clamp has two main parts: an "upright" and a "top" piece. The upright is the part that attaches to the machine, and the top is what actually clamps the belt.

Here’s what I'm thinking for the design:

**Upright Part:**

*   **Base:** It needs to be a solid base, probably a rectangular prism, with a thickness that's configurable.
*   **Ribs:** I want to add ribs on either side to increase the stiffness.  The height and width of these ribs should be adjustable. I've been using a polygon with a linear extrude but I wonder if there is a more elegant way of doing this.
*   **Mounting Holes:** I need two mounting holes for M5 screws, with proper clearance for socket heads, and positions that are configurable based on parameters.
*   **Nut Traps:** I also need two nut traps for M3 nuts at the top for attaching the top piece. I want to control the spacing between these nut traps.
*   **Roundovers/Chamfers:**  I want to round over all of the outer edges, especially near the top and bottom mounting holes. I'd like to be able to adjust the roundover radius.

**Top Part:**

*   **Base:** The top also has a base, a simple rectangular shape, with adjustable thickness.
*   **Nut Traps:** Similar to the upright, it needs two M3 nut traps that will line up with the ones on the upright, with adjustable spacing and location.
*   **Belt Channel:** The most important part: It needs a space for the belt, with a toothed pattern to help the belt grip. I was doing this with a bunch of cubes, but this seems inefficient and could be more robust. The width and tooth spacing of this channel needs to be configurable for different belt types. I'd like to define this using the standard belt parameters like pitch.
*   **Roundovers/Chamfers:** Similar to the upright, all edges should be rounded over.

**General Requirements:**

*   **Parametric:** I want *everything* to be parametric: thicknesses, widths, heights, roundover radii, hole spacings, the belt width, the belt pitch, all of it.  I'd like to be able to quickly adjust these for different machine builds and belt types.
*   **Robust:** The design should be robust and strong. I would like a comment on the design choices and how they impact the physical characteristics of the part.
*   **Libraries:** I'm open to using libraries if they make things easier, but I'm not familiar with many beyond the basic OpenSCAD modules.

I'd like the design in a single, well-commented OpenSCAD file, if possible. Could you help me generate an OpenSCAD file that I can use?

[Assistant]
beltclamp.scad:
```
// This printed part is one possible way to anchor Shapeoko belts.
// See http://www.shapeoko.com/wiki/index.php/Belt_Anchors for other ideas.
// Motivated by http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:33881 not being strong enough
// when I initially printed it.

// Upright: printed, but not stress tested, looks sturdy
// Top: completely untested

gThick = 8;
gRibHeight = 6;
gTopRoundoverRadius = 4;
gSideRoundoverRadius = 4;
gMainWidth = 16;
gTopWidth = 30;
gRibWidth = 3.4;
gHoleSpacing = 20;
gBeltWide = 14; // 1/4" belt + slop
gBeltPitch = 2.032; // MXL in mm
gBeltThick = 1.5;
e = 0.02;

// screw_clearance_diameter, socket_head_clearance_diameter, nut outside diameter
// TODO untested numbers, these should move to a common include.
M3 = [3.5, 6.4, 6.4];
M5 = [5.5, 9.4, 9.4];
M8 = [8, 13, 13];

module InsetHole(x) {
  d = x[0];
  socket_head = x[1];
  union() {
    translate([0,0,-50]) cylinder(r=d/2, h=100);
    cylinder(r=socket_head/2, h=10);
  }
}

module NutHole(x) {
  d = x[0];
  nut_size = x[2];
  union() {
    translate([0,0,1]) cylinder(r=d/2, h=50);
    cylinder(r=nut_size/2, $fn=6, h=6);
  }
}

module Rib(t=4) {
  translate([-t/2,0,-0.1])
    rotate([90,0,90])
      linear_extrude(height=t)
        polygon(points=[[0,0],[40,0],[0,gRibHeight]],paths=[[0,1,2]]);
}

module Roundover(r) {
  translate([0.1,0.1,-50])
    difference() {
      cube([r,r,100]);
      translate([0,0,-1]) cylinder(r=r,h=102,$fn=20);
    }
}

module Upright() {
  difference() {
    union() {
      // body, for now (until beziers work)
      translate([0,-25,(gThick+gRibHeight)/2]) cube([gTopWidth,10,gThick+gRibHeight], center=true);
      translate([0,0,gThick/2]) cube([gMainWidth,60,gThick], center=true);
      // ribs
      translate([(gMainWidth-gRibWidth)/2,-20,gThick]) Rib(t=gRibWidth);
      translate([-(gMainWidth-gRibWidth)/2,-20,gThick]) Rib(t=gRibWidth);
    }
    // Chamfer top edges
    // TODO make these translation numbers constants as well, and fix Roundover's
    // origin.
    translate([gTopWidth/2-gTopRoundoverRadius,0,gThick+gRibHeight-gTopRoundoverRadius])
      rotate([90,0,0])
        Roundover(r=gTopRoundoverRadius);
    translate([-(gTopWidth/2-gTopRoundoverRadius),0,gThick+gRibHeight-gTopRoundoverRadius])
      rotate([90,0,180])
        Roundover(r=gTopRoundoverRadius);
    // Chamfer edges near bottom mounting hole
    translate([gMainWidth/2-gSideRoundoverRadius,26,0])
      Roundover(r=gSideRoundoverRadius);
    translate([-(gMainWidth/2-gSideRoundoverRadius),26,0])
      rotate([0,0,90])
        Roundover(r=gSideRoundoverRadius);
    // M5 mounting holes
    translate([0,0,gThick-2]) InsetHole(M5);
    translate([0,20,gThick-2]) InsetHole(M5);
    // M3 nut traps (20mm spacing, for compat with old part)
    translate([-gHoleSpacing/2,-16,(gThick+gRibHeight)/2]) rotate([90,-90,0]) NutHole(M3);
    translate([gHoleSpacing/2,-16,(gThick+gRibHeight)/2]) rotate([90,-90,0]) NutHole(M3);
  }
}

module Belt() {
  translate([0,0,gBeltThick/2]) cube([gBeltWide,30,gBeltThick], center=true);
  for(i = [0:30/gBeltPitch]) {
    translate([0,i * gBeltPitch,-gBeltThick/2+e]) cube([gBeltWide,gBeltPitch / 2,gBeltThick], center=true);
  }
}

module Top() {
  rotate([-90,0,0]) difference() {
    translate([0,-5,(gThick+gRibHeight)/2]) cube([gTopWidth,10,gThick+gRibHeight], center=true);
    // holes
    translate([-gHoleSpacing/2,20,(gThick+gRibHeight)/2]) rotate([90,-90,0]) NutHole(M3);
    translate([gHoleSpacing/2,20,(gThick+gRibHeight)/2]) rotate([90,-90,0]) NutHole(M3);
    // chamfer
    translate([gTopWidth/2-gTopRoundoverRadius,0,gThick+gRibHeight-gTopRoundoverRadius])
      rotate([90,0,0])
        Roundover(r=gTopRoundoverRadius);
    translate([-(gTopWidth/2-gTopRoundoverRadius),0,gThick+gRibHeight-gTopRoundoverRadius])
      rotate([90,0,180])
        Roundover(r=gTopRoundoverRadius);
    // TODO remove 12 as magic number
    translate([0,-12+(1.6*gBeltThick),0]) rotate([90,0,0]) Belt();
  }
}

union() {
  Upright();
  translate([0,-50,0]) Top();
}

```
beltclamp_v2.scad:
```
// This printed part is one possible way to anchor Shapeoko belts.
// See http://www.shapeoko.com/wiki/index.php/Belt_Anchors for other ideas.
// Motivated by http://www.thingiverse.com/thing:33881 not being strong enough
// when I initially printed it.

// Upright: printed, but not stress tested, looks sturdy
// Top: completely untested

gThick = 8;
gRibHeight = 6;
gTopRoundoverRadius = 4;
gSideRoundoverRadius = 4;
gMainWidth = 16;
gMainHeight = 66;

gTopWidth = 30;
gRibWidth = 3.4;
gRibLength = 50;
gHoleSpacing = 20;
gBeltWide = 14; // 1/4" belt + slop
gBeltPitch = 2.032; // MXL in mm
gBeltThick = 1.5;
e = 0.02;

// screw_clearance_diameter, socket_head_clearance_diameter, nut outside diameter
// TODO untested numbers, these should move to a common include.
M3 = [3.8, 6.4, 6.5];
M5 = [5.5, 9.4, 9.4];
M8 = [8, 13, 13];

module InsetHole(x) {
  d = x[0];
  socket_head = x[1];
  union() {
    translate([0,0,-50]) cylinder(r=d/2, h=100);
    cylinder(r=socket_head/2, h=10);
  }
}

module NutHole(x) {
  d = x[0];
  nut_size = x[2];
  union() {
    translate([0,0,1]) cylinder(r=d/2, h=50);
    cylinder(r=nut_size/2, $fn=6, h=6);
  }
}

module Rib(t=4) {
  translate([-t/2,0,-0.1])
    rotate([90,0,90])
      linear_extrude(height=t)
        polygon(points=[[0,0],[gRibLength,0],[0,gRibHeight]],paths=[[0,1,2]]);
}

module Roundover(r) {
  translate([0.1,0.1,-50])
    difference() {
      cube([r,r,100]);
      translate([0,0,-1]) cylinder(r=r,h=102,$fn=20);
    }
}

module Upright() {
  difference() {
    union() {
      // body, for now (until beziers work)
      translate([0,-gMainHeight/2-4.9,(gThick+gRibHeight)/2]) cube([gTopWidth,10,gThick+gRibHeight], center=true);
      translate([0,0,gThick/2]) cube([gMainWidth,gMainHeight,gThick], center=true);
      // ribs
      translate([(gMainWidth-gRibWidth)/2,-gMainHeight/2,gThick]) Rib(t=gRibWidth);
      translate([-(gMainWidth-gRibWidth)/2,-gMainHeight/2,gThick]) Rib(t=gRibWidth);
    }
    // Chamfer top edges
    // TODO make these translation numbers constants as well, and fix Roundover's
    // origin.
    translate([gTopWidth/2-gTopRoundoverRadius,0,gThick+gRibHeight-gTopRoundoverRadius])
      rotate([90,0,0])
        Roundover(r=gTopRoundoverRadius);
    translate([-(gTopWidth/2-gTopRoundoverRadius),0,gThick+gRibHeight-gTopRoundoverRadius])
      rotate([90,0,180])
        Roundover(r=gTopRoundoverRadius);
    // Chamfer edges near bottom mounting hole
    translate([gMainWidth/2-gSideRoundoverRadius,gMainHeight/2-4,0])
      Roundover(r=gSideRoundoverRadius);
    translate([-(gMainWidth/2-gSideRoundoverRadius),gMainHeight/2-4,0])
      rotate([0,0,90])
        Roundover(r=gSideRoundoverRadius);
    // M5 mounting holes
    translate([0,gMainHeight/2-30,gThick-2]) InsetHole(M5);
    translate([0,gMainHeight/2-10,gThick-2]) InsetHole(M5);
    // M3 nut traps (20mm spacing, for compat with old part)
    translate([-gHoleSpacing/2,-gMainHeight/2+4,(gThick+gRibHeight)/2]) rotate([90,-90,0]) NutHole(M3);
    translate([gHoleSpacing/2,-gMainHeight/2+4,(gThick+gRibHeight)/2]) rotate([90,-90,0]) NutHole(M3);
  }
}

module Belt() {
  translate([0,0,gBeltThick/2]) cube([gBeltWide,30,gBeltThick], center=true);
  for(i = [0:30/gBeltPitch]) {
    translate([0,i * gBeltPitch,-gBeltThick/2+e]) cube([gBeltWide,gBeltPitch / 2,gBeltThick], center=true);
  }
}

module Top() {
  rotate([-90,0,0]) difference() {
    translate([0,-6/2,(gThick+gRibHeight)/2]) cube([gTopWidth,6,gThick+gRibHeight], center=true);
    // holes
    translate([-gHoleSpacing/2,20,(gThick+gRibHeight)/2]) rotate([90,-90,0]) NutHole(M3);
    translate([gHoleSpacing/2,20,(gThick+gRibHeight)/2]) rotate([90,-90,0]) NutHole(M3);
    // chamfer
    translate([gTopWidth/2-gTopRoundoverRadius,0,gThick+gRibHeight-gTopRoundoverRadius])
      rotate([90,0,0])
        Roundover(r=gTopRoundoverRadius);
    translate([-(gTopWidth/2-gTopRoundoverRadius),0,gThick+gRibHeight-gTopRoundoverRadius])
      rotate([90,0,180])
        Roundover(r=gTopRoundoverRadius);
    // TODO remove magic number
    translate([0,-8+(1.6*gBeltThick),0]) rotate([90,0,0]) Belt();
  }
}

union() {
  Upright();
  translate([0,-gMainHeight/2-12,0]) rotate([0,0,180]) Top();
}
//union() {
//  for(i=[1:4]) {
//    translate([0,-15*i,0]) Top();
//  }
//}

```


[User]
Okay, I'm looking to create a parametric star in OpenSCAD, similar to the one in the provided example, but with a few key differences and additions. I'd like it to be fully customizable through parameters.

Here's what I need:

1.  **Number of Points:** This should be a user-defined parameter, just like in the example, allowing for stars with any number of points (within a reasonable range, of course, maybe 3 to 24).

2.  **Height/Thickness:** Like the example, the star should have a height or thickness, which is also controlled by a parameter.

3. **Inner Radius:** The radius of the circle that determines the inner points of the star should be a parameter, also like the example.

4. **Outer Radius:** Similar to the inner radius, the radius of the circle that determines the outer points of the star should be a parameter, and I'd like to be able to adjust it independently of the inner radius. In the example, the outer radius was defined as `inner_radius + outer_radius`. I'd like this to instead use a parameter `outer_radius`.

5. **Twist Angle:** Here's where things get different from the example. I want to be able to twist the star as it is extruded, creating a sort of helical star.  This twist should be controlled by a parameter, specified as an angle (in degrees) over the height of the star. So a 360-degree twist would mean the top face of the star is rotated a full circle relative to the bottom.

6. **Point Rounding/Filleting:** I want to be able to control how sharp or rounded the star points are. I'd like to specify a parameter for this, which would represent a radius used to fillet the internal corners.

7. **Base Cylinder:** I'd like an option to add a cylinder on the bottom, with it's height specified, that also would also be controlled by a parameter, so that I can easily create a star on a base. The radius of this cylinder should match the inner radius of the star.

8. **Customizable `fn` for Circles:** I'd like to be able to specify the `$fn` parameter used when generating circles used in the star, so that I can make it higher resolution as desired.

I'd like the code to be well-documented and easy to understand and modify, similar to the example. I don't want to use any external libraries, such as BOSL, MCAD, etc., just the core OpenSCAD language.

In short, I need a parameterized star that has controls for: number of points, height, inner radius, outer radius, twist angle, fillet radius on the points, base cylinder height, and circle resolution.

[Assistant]
parametric_star.scad:
```
number_of_points=5;//[5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23,24]
height=1;//[1:10]
inner_radius=15;//[15:30]
outer_radius=10;//[1:50]

parametric_star(number_of_points, height, inner_radius, inner_radius+outer_radius) ;

module parametric_star(N=5, h=3, ri=15, re=30) {

  //-- Calculate and draw a 2D tip of the star
 //-- INPUT:
 //-- n: Number of the tip (from 0 to N-1)
  module tipstar(n) {
     i1 =  [ri*cos(-360*n/N+360/(N*2)), ri*sin(-360*n/N+360/(N*2))];
    e1 = [re*cos(-360*n/N), re*sin(-360*n/N)];
    i2 = [ri*cos(-360*(n+1)/N+360/(N*2)), ri*sin(-360*(n+1)/N+360/(N*2))];
    polygon([ i1, e1, i2]);
  }

  //-- Draw the 2D star and extrude

   //-- The star is the union of N 2D tips.
   //-- A inner cylinder is also needed for filling
   //-- A flat (2D) star is built. The it is extruded
    linear_extrude(height=h)
    union() {
      for (i=[0:N-1]) {
         tipstar(i);
      }
      rotate([0,0,360/(2*N)]) circle(r=ri+ri*0.01,$fn=N);
    }
}

//-- Parametric star
//-- (c)  2010 Juan Gonzalez-Gomez (Obijuan) juan@iearobotics.com
//-- GPL license

//-- The 2*N points of an N-ponted star are calculated as follows:
//-- There are two circunferences:  the inner and outer.  Outer points are located
//-- at angles: 0, 360/N, 360*2/N and on the outer circunference
//-- The inner points have the same angular distance but they are 360/(2*N) rotated
//-- respect to the outers. They are located on the inner circunference

```


[User]
Okay, I'm looking for an OpenSCAD design for a customizable Greek temple, similar to the one I found online, but I'd like to improve the customizability and fix some issues.

Here's what I need:

**Core Structure:**

*   **Floor:** A rectangular base. I need to be able to set the `floor_width` and `floor_length` as parameters. The base should have multiple layers, like in the example file, where the bottom layer is slightly smaller than the top and middle layers. The top should be larger than the middle. This should be controlled with scale. I would like to see the scaling factors on this to be able to scale all floors at once.
*   **Pillars:** Cylindrical pillars, arranged in rows along the sides of the temple. I need parameters for:
    *   `pillars_per_row`: The number of pillars on each side.
    *   `pillar_height`: The height of the pillars.
    *   `pillar_width`: The diameter of the pillars.
    *   The pillar spacing should be calculated automatically so the pillars are equally spaced based on the floor length and the pillar width.
*   **Roof:** A multi-layered, stepped roof, again, like in the example file, which has three layers decreasing in size. I should be able to control `roof_length` and `roof_width` as in the example. The roof should be placed centered on top of the pillars.

**Customization:**

*   **Pillar Base/Top:** I'd like to be able to add a decorative base and capital (top) to the pillars. These should be spheres and cylinders as in the example file and should be able to be optional. The parameter should be called `pillar_style` which accepts 0 for no base, or 1 for a base.
*   **Overhangs:** There's a setting called `avoid_extreme_overhangs` in the example. I'm not sure what this is doing, but I'd like an explanation as to what this is doing and why a sphere might be scaled differently. I'd also like a better solution to extreme overhangs than scaling the sphere between 0 and 1.

**Units:**

*   I need to be able to specify the units for the design. I'd like a parameter called `unit` that can be set to 1 for millimeters, 10 for centimeters, and 25.4 for inches, or any similar approach to unit conversions.

**Improvements over the Example:**

*   The floor in the example file has weird numbers, like (-1/ (10/12)). I would like these to be more straight forward. I think that scaling factor would make more sense. The same applies for the rest of the floors.
*   I'm not sure what `pilldist` is supposed to be, and think a more explicit solution might be helpful.
*   I'd like the scaling to use proper floats rather than the current implementation.
*   The roof in the example file is placed arbitrarily. I'd like it centered on top of the pillars.
*   The pillar_row function is explicitly translated. It would be helpful to make it relative to the center of the floor.
*   I would like there to be an option to add a gable to the front and rear of the roof. I'm looking for a simple triangle, with the height and length controlled by parameters.
*   I'd also like to add a parameter for the number of roof layers. This should allow me to add or remove layers.
*   The pillars currently only appear on 2 sides. I'd like pillars to also exist on the front and back.

**Libraries:**

*   I am not using any specific libraries for this design.

Could you generate an OpenSCAD file that fulfills these requirements? Please make it as parametric and robust as possible.

[Assistant]
greek_temple-custumizer.scad:
```
//customizer variables
//roof_width=6;   //[4:12]
//roof_length=20;   //[15:40]
//number of pillars on each side
pillars_per_row=7;
floor_width=12;
floor_length=24;
pillar_height=8;
pillar_width=1.2;
pillar_style=0; //[0:No Base, 1:Base]
avoid_extreme_overhangs=-1; //[1:yes,-1:no]
unit = 1; //[1:millimeters,10:centimeters,25.4:inches]

//this union exists for the sake of units
scale(unit) union()
{

//base
translate([floor_width/-2+6,floor_length/-2+12,0]) union()
{
translate([(-1/(10/12))+floor_width/10,(-1/(22/24))+floor_length/22,0]) scale([floor_width*10/12,floor_length*11/12,1.5]) cube(1);
translate([(-1.5/(11/12))+floor_width/11,(-1.5/(23/24))+floor_length/23,0]) scale([floor_width*11/12,floor_length*11.5/12,1]) cube(1);
translate([-2+floor_width/12,-2+floor_length/24,0]) scale([floor_width,floor_length,0.5]) cube(1);
}
//pillars
translate([2+(pillar_width-1.2),2+(pillar_width-1.2),1]) pillar_row();
translate([8-(pillar_width-1.2),2+(pillar_width-1.2),1]) pillar_row();
//roof
translate([1,1,pillar_height+1.25]) scale([8,20,0.5]) cube(1);
translate([1.5,1,pillar_height+1.75]) scale([7,20,0.5]) cube(1);
translate([2,1,pillar_height+2.25]) scale([6,20,0.5]) cube(1);
}
//modules
module pillar()
{
PTopBot();
 translate([0,0,0]) scale([pillar_width/20,pillar_width/20,pillar_height]) cylinder(r=10,h=1);

}
module pillar_row()
{
for(prog=[0:pillars_per_row-1])
{
 translate([0,pilldist*prog,0]) pillar();
}
}
module PTopBot()
{
//top
scale((avoid_extreme_overhangs-1)/-2) union()
 {
 translate([0,0,pillar_height-0.25]) scale([pillar_width/12,pillar_width/12,.075]) sphere(10);
 translate([0,0,pillar_height-0.25]) scale([pillar_width/12,pillar_width/12,0.5]) cylinder(r=10,h=1);
}
scale((avoid_extreme_overhangs+1)/2) union()
 {
translate([0,0,pillar_height-0.25]) scale([pillar_width/12,pillar_width/12,pillar_width/12]) sphere(10);
 translate([0,0,pillar_height-0.25]) scale([pillar_width/12,pillar_width/12,0.5]) cylinder(r=10,h=1);
 }
//bottom
translate([]) scale(pillar_style) union()
 {
scale((avoid_extreme_overhangs-1)/-2) union()
 {
 translate([0,0,1]) scale([pillar_width/12,pillar_width/12,.075]) sphere(10);
 translate([0,0,0.5]) scale([pillar_width/12,pillar_width/12,0.5]) cylinder(r=10,h=1);
 }
scale((avoid_extreme_overhangs+1)/2) union()
 {
 translate([0,0,1]) scale([pillar_width/12,pillar_width/12,pillar_width/12]) sphere(10);
 translate([0,0,0.5]) scale([pillar_width/12,pillar_width/12,0.5]) cylinder(r=10,h=1);
 }
 }
}

pilldist=(18-2*(pillar_width-1.2))/(pillars_per_row-1);

```


[User]
Okay, I'm looking to create a customizable test print for evaluating my 3D printer's ability to produce thin walls and gaps. I've seen a design that's almost exactly what I need, but I'd like to make it more flexible and easier to reuse.

The core idea is to have a grid of either walls or gaps (selectable), where the thickness (or gap size) increases incrementally across the grid. The design should also include a base for stability.

Here’s a breakdown of the parameters I'd like to control in OpenSCAD:

*   **`style`**: A selector to choose between generating a wall test or a gap test. Should have options like "Wall" or "Gap".

*   **`start_thickness`**: The starting thickness (or gap) for the first sample. This is currently `_2_start`.

*   **`end_thickness`**: The ending thickness (or gap) for the last sample. This is currently `_3_end`.

*   **`thickness_increment`**: The increment between the thickness (or gap) of each sample. This is currently `_4_increment`.

*   **`sample_spacing`**:  The space between each wall/gap sample, in both the X and Y directions, currently `_5_gap`.

*   **`wall_height`**: The height of the walls or the depth of the gaps. This is currently `_6_height`.

*   **`wall_length`**: The length of each individual wall or gap, currently `_7_length`.

*   **`base_height`**: The height/thickness of the base on which the test samples are built, currently `_8_baseHeight`.

*   **`num_columns`**: The number of columns of samples in the grid. This is currently `_9_numColumns`.

The design should:

1.  Generate a grid of samples based on the given parameters, either as walls or gaps.
2.  When `style` is set to "Wall", the output should be a series of walls of increasing thickness standing on the base.
3.  When `style` is set to "Gap", the output should be a solid base with gaps of increasing thickness cut out of it.
4.  The walls/gaps should be laid out in a grid pattern defined by `num_columns` and the other spacing parameters.
5.  The sample spacing (`sample_spacing`) should be used to separate both the thickness and the length of each test feature.
6.  Include a base of specified `base_height` to make it easy to print. The base should be a rounded rectangle using minkowski for stability.
7. The layout should be such that it automatically adjusts based on the given parameters, as the current code seems to.
8.  I'd prefer to not use fixed variables or the `$fn` variable. Instead, please use `round()` to make the number of samples flexible based on the thickness parameters and the increment.

I'm not looking for fancy features, but something that is clear and easily customizable. I also prefer if you do not use any special libraries. Could you generate an OpenSCAD file that allows for this?

[Assistant]
vertical_wall_test_print_v1-2.scad:
```
// wall/gap test print (vertical)

// wall height or gap test
_1_style = 1; //[1:Wall,2:Gap]

// start thickness
_2_start = 0.1;

// end thickness
_3_end = 2.0;

// thickness increment between samples
_4_increment = 0.1;

// space between samples
_5_gap = 3.0; // [1:10]

// wall height
_6_height = 4; // [1:50]

// wall length
_7_length = 10; // [1:50]

// thickness of the base
_8_baseHeight = 1.0; // [1:10]

// number of columns across
_9_numColumns = 10; // [1:20]

// ignore (angle resolution)
$fn=60;

////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
module addWall(thickness, xspacing, yspacing, xpos, ypos, h) {
	echo (ypos, xpos, thickness);
	translate([xspacing * xpos, -yspacing * ypos, 0]) {
		cube([thickness, _7_length, h]);
	}
}

module addWallGrid(wallHeight) {
	count = round((_3_end-_2_start)/_4_increment)+1;
	xspacing = _5_gap + _3_end;
	yspacing = _5_gap + _7_length;
	translate([_5_gap, -_5_gap - _7_length, 0]) {
		for (index = [0:count-1]) {
			assign(thickness = _2_start + _4_increment * index) {
				translate([-thickness/2, 0, 0]) {
					addWall(thickness, xspacing, yspacing, index%_9_numColumns, floor(index/_9_numColumns), wallHeight);
				}
			}
		}
	}
}

module addBase(x, y, height) {
	translate([0, 0, -height*.75]) {
		minkowski() {
			cube([x, y, height/2]);
			cylinder(r=_5_gap,h=height/4);
		}
	}
}

module thinWallTest() {
	count = round((_3_end-_2_start)/_4_increment)+1;
	xspacing = _5_gap + _3_end;
	yspacing = _5_gap + _7_length;
	xdim = xspacing * min(_9_numColumns, count);
	ydim = yspacing * ceil(count/_9_numColumns)+_5_gap;
	if (_1_style == 1) {
		union () {
			addBase(xdim, ydim, _8_baseHeight);
			translate([0, ydim, 0]) {
				addWallGrid(_6_height);
			}
		}
	} else {
		difference () {
			addBase(xdim, ydim, _8_baseHeight);
			translate([0, ydim, -_8_baseHeight-1]) {
				addWallGrid(_8_baseHeight+2);
			}
		}
	}
}

thinWallTest();
```


[User]
Okay, I'm looking for an OpenSCAD design for a pin and snap ring that can clamp thin sheets of material together. I'd like to be able to adjust several parameters to fit different use cases, so a parametric design would be ideal.

Here's what I need:

**Overall Structure:**
The design consists of two main parts: a pin and a snap ring. The pin has a head at one end and a groove for the snap ring further down. When assembled, the snap ring fits into this groove and keeps the sheets of material clamped between the pin head and the snap ring.

**Key Parameters:**
*   **`part`:** A string that specifies which part(s) to render. Possible values are "pin", "snapring", "both", or "cutter".  "both" should render both pin and ring, spaced so they don't overlap much.
*   **`daxle`:** The diameter of the main cylindrical section of the pin (where it goes through the sheet material), in millimeters.
*   **`tsheet`:** The thickness of the material being clamped, in millimeters.
*   **`dhead`:** The diameter of the pin head, in millimeters.
*   **`thead`:** The thickness of the pin head, in millimeters.
*   **`handle`:** The number of handles on the snap ring, should be 0-4.
*   **`ddgroove`:** The depth of the groove cut into the pin for the snap ring to fit into, in millimeters.
*   **`tsnap`:** The thickness of the snap ring, in millimeters.
*   **`ddsnapring`:** The radial thickness of the snap ring (the thickness of the ring itself), in millimeters.
*   **`tover`:** The distance the snap ring extends beyond the material being clamped on the snap ring side of the sheet, in millimeters.
*  **`tclear`:** The radial cutter clearance
* **`clr`:** general tolerance/clearance

**Specific Details:**

*   The pin should have a head on one end and a groove for the snap ring.
*   The snap ring needs to be designed to fit securely in the groove, and should have a way to be expanded to put it on the pin and then compressed to hold on tight.
* The snap ring should have handles that make it easier to grasp for installation.
* The design should include an optional "cutter" mode, which generates an oversized pin for creating a mold cavity for the actual pin. The cutter should have radial clearance.
* there should be a small rotation retention spike that prevents the snapring from rotating around the pin, and one that prevents the pin from rotating in the hole.

**OpenSCAD Specifics:**
* I'd like the code to use `$fa` and `$fs` for circle/cylinder resolution, with `5` and `0.2` respectively.
* I'm not using any external libraries.

Could you generate this OpenSCAD file for me? Thanks!

[Assistant]
Sheet-Pin.scad:
```

//Part
part = "both"; // [pin,snapring,both,cutter]

//Axle diameter
daxle = 5;

//Thickness of material to hold together
tsheet = 4;

//Head Diameter   -- make relative
dhead = 8;

//Thickness of head
thead = 2;

// How many handles shall the snap ring have? recomm:(1,3)
handle = 1; // [0,1,2,3,4]

//Depth of groove for snap ring
ddgroove =1;

//Snap ring thickness
tsnap = 1.75;

//Snap ring radial thickness (must be greater than groovedepth)
ddsnapring = 2.5;

//overstand on snap ring side
tover = 1.5;

// radial cutter clearance
tclear = 0.1;

// clearing
clr = 0.1;

/*
2013 Lukas Süss
A pin & clamping ring combo to clamp thin plates together.
e.g. usable as connectors for scissor mechanisms.
*/

$fa= 5;
$fs=0.2;

if(part == "pin"){ pin(); }
if(part == "snapring"){ snapring(); }
if(part == "both")
{
  pin();
  translate([-dhead*0.6,0,0]) snapring();
}
if(part == "cutter"){ cutter(); }

module pin(t=0)
{
  tges = thead+tsheet+tsnap+tover;
  cutrat = 1/sqrt(2); // 1/sqrt(2) | cos(30)
  din = daxle-ddgroove;

  translate([0,0,((daxle)*cutrat+2*t)/2])
  difference()
  {
    intersection()
    {
      rotate(90,[0,1,0])
      union()
      {
        cylinder(r=daxle/2+t,h=tges);
        cylinder(r=dhead/2+t,h=thead);
      }
      cube([tges*3,20,(daxle)*cutrat+2*t],center=true);
    }
    rotate(90,[0,1,0]) translate([0,0,thead+tsheet])
    {
      difference()
      {
        cylinder(r=daxle/2*1.2+t,h=tsnap+clr);
        translate([0,0,-tsnap*0.1])
        cylinder(r=(daxle-ddgroove)/2+t,h=tsnap*1.2);
      }
      // rotation retention spike
      translate([-din/2-clr,0,]) cylinder(r=daxle/2*0.5,h=tsnap+clr,$fn=4);
    }

  }
}

module snapring()
{
  dout = daxle-ddgroove+ddsnapring;
  din = daxle-ddgroove;
  dhandle = 2.5;
  shift = dhandle*1.5;

  difference()
  {
    union()  // base body
    {
      cylinder(r=dout/2,h=tsnap);
      if (handle > 0)
      {
        for(i=[-(handle-1)/2:+(handle-1)/2])
        {
          rotate(90*i,[0,0,1])
          {
            translate([-shift/2 -din/2,0,tsnap/2])
            cube([shift,ddsnapring,tsnap],center=true);

            translate([-shift -din/2,0,0])
            cylinder(r=(dhandle+ddsnapring)/2,h=tsnap);
          }
        }
      }

    }

    translate([0,0,-tsnap*0.1]) // main cemntral cuts
    {
      cylinder(r=din/2,h=tsnap*1.2);
      rotate(-45,[0,0,1])
      cube([dout*0.6,dout*0.6,tsnap*1.2]);
    }

    if (handle > 0) // handle hole cutting
    {
      for(i=[-(handle-1)/2:+(handle-1)/2])
      {
        rotate(90*i,[0,0,1])
        {
          translate([-shift -din/2,0,-tsnap*0.1])
          cylinder(r=dhandle/2,h=tsnap*1.2);
        }
      }
    }

  }
  //rotation retention spike
  translate([-din/2-clr,0,0]) cylinder(r=daxle/2*0.5,h=tsnap,$fn=4);
}

module cutter(clearance)
{
  pin(t=clearance);
}
```


[User]
Okay, I'm trying to design a kind of abstract, organic-looking shape using OpenSCAD. I have a basic heart shape defined, and I want to create an array of these hearts, rotated around a central axis and translated outwards. I also want to control some key parameters.

Here's what I want the OpenSCAD file to do:

1.  **Heart Module:** I need a module called `heart()` that takes two parameters: `size` which controls the overall size of the heart, and `le` which controls the linear extrusion height of the heart. The heart itself is constructed by a square and two circles. These will need to be in the shape of the following:
```
square([size,size]);
translate([size/2,0,0])
circle(r=size/2);
translate([size,size/2,0])
circle(r=size/2);
```
The module should also render the heart in a color defined as `color([.5,0,7])` .

2.  **Array Generation:** I need another module, say `coolShape1()`, that takes a parameter called `step`. This module should generate a series of the `heart()` module along a helix-like path. The hearts should be rotated around the z-axis, and moved away from the center. The amount of movement/rotation should scale with the `step` parameter. More specifically, here's how I envision it working:

    *   The `coolShape1` should use a `for` loop to iterate with the variable `i`. The range of the loop should be `[-1:step/10:5]`.
    *   Inside this loop, a copy of `heart()` needs to be created.
    *   Each heart should be rotated around the z axis, with `i*360/6` degrees of rotation.
    *   Each heart should then be translated out from the center by 1 unit in the x axis and 1 unit in the z axis, relative to the current rotation.
    *   For the rotations, it needs to be rotated around the point `[0,0,5]`

3.  **Customizer:** I want these parameters to be exposed to the OpenSCAD customizer so I can easily adjust them:

    *   `size` with a range from 1 to 10, default value of 1
    *   `height` (for the `le` paramter in the `heart` module) with a range from 1 to 10, default value of 1
    *   `step` with a range from 1 to 10, default value of 1
    *   `resolution` (for `$fn`) with a range from 16 to 128, default of 100.

I think that covers it. Can you please write the OpenSCAD code for this? I don't need to use any external libraries, just standard OpenSCAD functionality.

[Assistant]
example.scad:
```
size=1;//[1:10]
height=1;//[1:10]
step=1;//[1:10]
resolution=100;//[16:128]

module heart(size=12,le=12){
color([.5,0,7]){
linear_extrude(height=le){
square([size,size]);
translate([size/2,0,0])
circle(r=size/2);
translate([size,size/2,0])
circle(r=size/2);
}
}
}

 coolShape1(step);
module coolShape1(step=1){
$fn=resolution;
for(i=[-1:step/10:5]){
rotate(i*360/6,[0,0,5])
translate([1,0,1])
heart(size,height);
}
}

```


[User]
Okay, I have this OpenSCAD file for a customizable toy car with captured wheels, and it's pretty neat, but I'd like to see if we can make it a bit more robust and user-friendly. It currently uses a bunch of sliders to control the design, but I think we could organize it better and add some more sophisticated options.

Here's what I'm looking for:

**Core Functionality:**

The core functionality of the car should remain the same: a central body with wheels that are captured inside wheel wells. The user should be able to customize:

*   **Overall Length:** This should be a primary input.
*   **Overall Width (Relative):** Instead of a direct width control, I'd like a factor that scales the car's width relative to its length (like the current `width_factor` but maybe better named). I want the car to maintain a proportional feel.
*  **Wheel Size:** A slider or input to adjust the diameter of the wheels.
*   **Number of Wheels:** Allow the user to specify a max number of wheels, and have the design calculate a default based on the length and wheel size.
*   **Wheel Shape:** Currently the wheels have a fixed number of sides, but I'd like to use $fn for the wheel resolution and allow a slider to control this.
*   **Tire Width:** A factor to make the tire wider or narrower relative to the wheel width.
*   **Axle Radius:** A factor to determine the axle radius relative to the wheel radius.
*   **Tire Treads:** Instead of simple cut-outs, I want more control:
    *   **Tread Density:** Controls how many treads there are on a single tire.
    *  **Tread Depth:** How deep each tread is cut into the tire.
     *  **Tread Width:** How wide the "peaks" of the tread are, and how wide the valleys are.
*   **Wheel Well Coverage:** A percentage representing how much the wheel well encloses the wheel.
*  **Platform Thickness:** To add a base to the car.
*  **Build Plate Display:** a toggle to show the outline of various printer build plates.

**Improvements and Requests:**

*   **Clearer Parameter Names:** The existing file has numbered variables (e.g., `01_length`). I'd prefer descriptive names (e.g., `car_length`, `wheel_diameter`).
*   **Units in Comments:** Please add units to all variable comments (e.g., `// car length in mm`).
*  **Automatic Spacing of wheels:** The wheels should be evenly spaced automatically along the body and placed with respect to the wheel diameter, and a minimum spacing, as well as the car length.
*   **Error Handling/Clamping:** Implement basic checks to prevent impossible values. For example, the wheel radius shouldn't exceed the car's length, etc.
*  **Default values:** Set reasonable defaults for all parameters so the car is still printable if the user doesn't change values.
*   **Modularity:** Break the design into more logical modules.
*   **Use $fn for curves:** I'd like to consistently use `$fn` where possible to control the resolution of curves. This makes it easier for the user to quickly change the fineness.

**Libraries:**

I'm not using any particular external libraries, but if it makes sense to, feel free to include functionality from a library like BOSL. Please don't assume any attached library files.

**Output:**

I'd like the final OpenSCAD file to be parametric and easy for a user to understand and modify. I also plan to use this as a learning tool, so it should be easy to read.

I think these changes would greatly improve the flexibility and usability of the toy car design. Thanks!

[Assistant]
customizable_toy_car_with_captured_wheels.scad:
```
//display only
00_build_plate = 0; //[0:Replicator 2,1:Replicator,3:Thing-o-Matic]
//total length of the car in mm
01_length = 60; //[30:200]
//how wide the car is (height on the build platform)
02_width_factor = 50;//[0:100]

03_wheel_size = 100;//[0:100]
//the maximum number of wheels your car can have (will automatically be reduced based on length and wheel size)
04_max_number_of_wheels = 8; //[2:8]
//how round your wheels are
05_wheel_facets = 24;//[16:32]
//how wide your tires are
06_tire_width_factor = 0;//[0:100]
//how thick your axel is
07_axel_radius_factor = 0;//[0:100]
//how many treads are cut out of the wheel
08_tread_density = 0;//[0:100]
//how deep are the treads
09_tread_depth_factor = 100;//[20:100]
//how big are the treads
10_tread_size_factor = 50;//[20:100]
//how much do the wheel wells enclose the wheels
11_wheel_well_coverage_factor = 50; //[10:75]
//height of the body of the car
12_platform_thickness = 0;//[0:10]

length = 01_length/1;

width_factor = 02_width_factor/1;

wheel_size = 03_wheel_size/1;

tire_width_factor = 06_tire_width_factor/1;

wheel_resolution = 05_wheel_facets/1;

axel_radius_factor = 07_axel_radius_factor/1;

platform_thickness = 12_platform_thickness/1;

tread_amount = 08_tread_density/1;

tread_depth_factor = 09_tread_depth_factor/1;

tread_size_factor = 10_tread_size_factor/1;

well_coverage_percent = 11_wheel_well_coverage_factor/1;

max_number_of_wheels = 04_max_number_of_wheels/1;

width = length*(.5+(width_factor/200));

well_thickness = .8/1;
well_tolerance = .6/1;
wheel_separation = 1/1;

wheel_width = width/8*(.5+(tire_width_factor/200));

max_wheel_radius = 6 + (((length-30)/170)*34);
min_wheel_radius = 4 + (((length-30)/170)*12);
wheel_radius = min_wheel_radius + (wheel_size/100*(max_wheel_radius-min_wheel_radius));
//echo("wheel radius",wheel_radius);
inner_wheel_width = wheel_width*.8;

height = 10/1;

tread_number = wheel_resolution*(1+(tread_amount/100));
tread_depth = wheel_radius/10*(tread_depth_factor/100);
tread_peak_width = wheel_radius*2*PI/wheel_resolution*(tread_size_factor/100);
tread_valley_width = 0.1/1;

axel_radius = wheel_radius*(.25+axel_radius_factor/500);
axel_width = width/3;

auto_num_wheels = length/(wheel_radius+wheel_separation)/2;

well_coverage = wheel_radius*2*(well_coverage_percent/100);

front_wheel_pos_total = length/2 - wheel_radius - well_thickness - well_tolerance;

fudge = .05/1;

build_plate();

main(length,height,width,wheel_width,inner_wheel_width,wheel_radius,axel_width,axel_radius,wheel_resolution,well_coverage,well_thickness,well_tolerance,max_number_of_wheels,auto_num_wheels,front_wheel_pos_total,tread_number,tread_depth,tread_valley_width,tread_peak_width,platform_thickness);

module build_plate(){
	translate([0,0,-.5]){
		if(00_build_plate == 0){
			%cube([285,153,1],center = true);
		}
		if(00_build_plate == 1){
			%cube([225,145,1],center = true);
		}
		if(00_build_plate == 3){
			%cube([120,120,1],center = true);
		}

	}
}

module main(l,h,w,ww,iww,wr,aw,ar,res,wellco,wellth,wellto,mnw,anw,fwpt,tn,td,tvw,tpw,pt){
	number_of_wheels = 0;
	//echo(anw);
	//echo(floor(anw));
	translate([0,0,width/2])
	if(mnw < floor(anw)){
		assign(number_of_wheels = mnw){
			//echo(number_of_wheels);
			car(l,h,w,ww,iww,wr,aw,ar,res,wellco,wellth,wellto,fwpt,number_of_wheels,tn,td,tvw,tpw,pt);
		}
	} else {
		assign(number_of_wheels = floor(anw)){
			//echo(number_of_wheels);
			car(l,h,w,ww,iww,wr,aw,ar,res,wellco,wellth,wellto,fwpt,number_of_wheels,tn,td,tvw,tpw,pt);
		}
	}
}

module car(l,h,w,ww,iww,wr,aw,ar,res,wellco,wellth,wellto,fwpt,nw,tn,td,tvw,tpw,pt){
	difference(){
		car_body(l,h,w,ww,wr,aw,ar,res,wellco,wellth,wellto,fwpt,nw,pt);

		for(i = [0:nw-1]){
			translate([fwpt-(fwpt*2/(nw-1))*i,-h/2,0])
				wheel_well(w+.05,ww,iww,wr,aw,ar,res,wellth,wellto);
		}

	}

	for(i = [0:nw-1]){
		translate([fwpt-(fwpt*2/(nw-1))*i,-h/2,0])
			wheel(w,ww,iww,wr,aw,ar,res,tn,td,tvw,tpw);
	}
	car_top_simple();
}

module car_top_simple(){
	difference(){
		union(){
			difference(){
				translate([0,wheel_radius-height/2+platform_thickness+well_thickness+well_tolerance-fudge,0])
					scale([1,.3,1])
						cylinder(h = width, r = length/2, center = true);
				translate([0,-length/4+wheel_radius-height/2+platform_thickness+well_thickness+well_tolerance,0])
					cube([length+fudge,length/2,width+fudge], center = true);
			}
			difference(){
				translate([0,wheel_radius-height/2+platform_thickness+well_thickness+well_tolerance,0])
					scale([.6,.7,1])
					cylinder(h = width, r = length/2, center = true);
				translate([0,-length/4+wheel_radius-height/2+well_tolerance+well_thickness+platform_thickness,0])
					cube([length+fudge,length/2,width+fudge], center = true);
			}
		}
		difference(){
			translate([0,wheel_radius-height/2+platform_thickness+well_thickness+well_tolerance,0])
				scale([.5,.6,1])
				cylinder(h = width+fudge, r = length/2, center = true);
			translate([0,-length/8+wheel_radius-height/2+platform_thickness+well_thickness+well_tolerance,0])
				cube([length+fudge,length/2,width+fudge*2], center = true);
		}
	}
}

module car_body(l,h,w,ww,wr,aw,ar,res,wellco,wellth,wellto,fwpt,nw,pt){
	hull(){
		hull(){
			translate([0,wr-h/2+wellth+wellto+pt-(wellth+wellto+pt+wellco)/2,0])
				cube([l,wellth+wellto+pt+wellco,w],center = true);
			hull(){
				translate([0,(wr-h/2)/2,0])
					cube([l,wr-h/2,aw],center = true);
				for(i = [0:1]){
					translate([fwpt-((fwpt*2))*i,-h/2,0])
							cylinder(h = aw, r = ar+wellto+wellth, $fn = res, center = true);
				}
			}
		}
	}

}

module wheel_well(w,ww,iww,wr,aw,ar,res,wellth,wellto){
	union(){
		hull(){
			translate([0,0,w/2+(ww+2)/2-ww])
				cylinder(h = ww+2, r = wr+wellto, $fn = res, center = true);

			translate([0,0,w/2-ww-iww+.5])
				cylinder(h = 1, r = wr-iww+wellto, $fn = res, center = true);
		}
		hull(){
			translate([0,0,w/2-ww-iww+.5])
				cylinder(h = 1, r = wr-iww+wellto, $fn = res, center = true);

			translate([0,0,axel_width/2+.5])
				cylinder(h = 1, r = ar+wellto, $fn = res, center = true);
		}
		hull(){
			translate([0,0,-(axel_width/2+.5)])
				cylinder(h = 1, r = ar+wellto, $fn = res, center = true);

			translate([0,0,-(w/2-ww-iww+.5)])
				cylinder(h = 1, r = wr-iww+wellto, $fn = res, center = true);
		}
		hull(){
			translate([0,0,-(w/2-ww-iww+.5)])
				cylinder(h = 1, r = wr-iww+wellto, $fn = res, center = true);

			translate([0,0,-(w/2+(ww+2)/2-ww)])
				cylinder(h = ww+2, r = wr+wellto, $fn = res, center = true);
		}
		cylinder(h = aw+1, r = ar+wellto, $fn = res, center = true);
	}
}

module wheel(w,ww,iww,wr,aw,ar,res,tn,td,tvw,tpw){

	difference(){

		union(){
			hull(){
				translate([0,0,w/2-ww/2])
					cylinder(h = ww, r = wr, $fn = res, center = true);

				translate([0,0,w/2-ww-iww+.5])
					cylinder(h = 1, r = wr-iww, $fn = res, center = true);
			}
			hull(){
				translate([0,0,w/2-ww-iww+.5])
					cylinder(h = 1, r = wr-iww, $fn = res, center = true);

				translate([0,0,axel_width/2+.5])
					cylinder(h = 1, r = ar, $fn = res, center = true);
			}
			hull(){
				translate([0,0,-(axel_width/2+.5)])
					cylinder(h = 1, r = ar, $fn = res, center = true);

				translate([0,0,-(w/2-ww-iww+.5)])
					cylinder(h = 1, r = wr-iww, $fn = res, center = true);
			}
			hull(){
				translate([0,0,-(w/2-ww-iww+.5)])
					cylinder(h = 1, r = wr-iww, $fn = res, center = true);

				translate([0,0,-(w/2-ww/2)])
					cylinder(h = ww, r = wr, $fn = res, center = true);
			}
			cylinder(h = aw, r = ar, $fn = res, center = true);
		}
		for(i = [0:tn-1]){
		rotate([0,0,360/tn*i])
		translate([wr,0,0])
		hull(){
			translate([.1/2,0,0])
				cube([.1,tpw,w+.05],center = true);
			translate([-td+.1/2,0,0])
				cube([.1,tvw,w+.05],center = true);
		}
		}
	}
}

```