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Follow Me into Madness is the second album by Finnish metal band Tarot, released in 1988 by Bluelight Records. A remastered version was released in 2006 by Spinefarm Records. Rose On The Grave was released as a single in 1988. This is also the last album with Mako H., as he is replaced by Janne Tolsa, the current keyboard player. Track listing All music written by Marko and Zachary Hietala, all lyrics by Marko Hietala. Side one "Descendants of Power" – 3:50 "Rose on the Grave" – 4:31 "Lady Deceiver" – 3:38 "Follow Me into Madness" – 5:40 "Blood Runs Cold"/"Happy End" – 3:52 Side two "No Return" – 4:30 "I Don't Care Anymore" – 3:48 "Breathing Fire" – 3:12 "I Spit Venom" – 3:14 "Shadow in My Heart" – 5:34 Remastered CD edition bonus tracks "I Don't Care Anymore" (1995 Version) – 4:09 "Shadows in My Heart" (live) – 6:45 "Descendants of Power" (live) – 3:30 "In My Blood" (demo) – 4:00 "Born into the Flame" (demo) – 4:00 Personnel Tarot Marko Hietala – vocals, bass Zachary Hietala – guitars Mako H – guitars Pecu Cinnari – drums Production Dan Tigerstedt – engineer, mixing Kassu Halonen – executive producer Mika Myyryläinen – reissue producer with Tarot Janne Tolsa – reissue producer, bonus track engineer and mixing Mikko Tegelman – bonus track engineer and mixing Mikko Karmila – bonus track engineer References 1988 albums Tarot (band) albums	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Follow%20Me%20into%20Madness
The Spooktacular New Adventures of Casper is an American animated television spin-off series and a sequel of the feature film Casper, which, in turn, was based on the Harvey Comics cartoon character of Casper the Friendly Ghost. Production At the time that principal filming wrapped on Casper, a sequel was proposed and a treatment was written, but a combination of less-than-stellar box office gross (although the film grossed $100 million in the US, the budget was more than half of that total and analysts predicted much higher earnings for the film) and the fact that both Christina Ricci and Bill Pullman were attached to other projects after Casper and would not be available until more than a year later caused the idea to be scrapped. The producers then decided to abandon the live-action sequel ideas and instead develop a cartoon series to continue the story. The show aired on Fox Kids television from 1996–98 for 4 seasons. 52 episodes were produced, but only the first 46 appeared on Fox, with the remaining debuting on Fox Family Channel. Many of the same people who worked on this show also worked on Tiny Toon Adventures, Animaniacs and Pinky and the Brain (the latter of which was a spin-off from the former; coincidentally, the former had also debuted on Fox). The new Casper broke from earlier versions, following a sitcom-style pattern of one-liners and pop culture gags in a manner similar to the Casper feature. The show would also frequently break the fourth wall. The show used old Casper supporting characters such as Casper's cousin Spooky, Spooky's "ghoulfriend" Pearl (or "Poil" as rendered by Spooky's Brooklyn accent), and Nightmare the Ghost Horse who, unlike in the original cartoons and comics, does not talk. The show also introduced new characters, including Casper's super-loud teacher Ms. Banshee. Characters Casper McFadden has been haunting his family home of Whipstaff Manor for some time, having died from pneumonia (according to a newspaper seen during the scene in the attic from the feature film) after he played out in the cold for too long when he was 12 years old. Now in the care of his three trouble-making uncles, Stretch, Stinkie and Fatso, Casper's afterlife is not exactly pleasant. He has to put up with his uncles' outrageous antics, and his wish to gain a friend in a human is usually ruined. The only exception to this was when Kat and Dr. Harvey moved into Whipstaff. Kat became a close friend to him. Casper has been a ghost for just over a hundred years, as Stinkie and Fatso once stated that Casper's age is 115 and a half years old. Casper himself is very friendly and outgoing, but he sometimes appears rather shy. Most ghosts view his behavior as unusual, as they believe ghosts should not be friendly or polite in any way. Other ghosts are sometimes even afraid of his good manners, to which Casper sometimes uses to his advantage. One example was when the Ghostly Trio appealed to Casper for help after being convicted in a supernatural court, which denied them to be ghosts any longer as they had no unfinished business on Earth, therefore they would have to crossover. Casper intervened, and revealed quite honestly that his uncles had not taught him how to be scary yet, enabling them to remain as ghosts on Earth. As in the film, Casper is voiced by Malachi Pearson. The Ghostly Trio are Casper's uncles, who love scaring humans, or as they call them, "fleshies", "skinbags", "bone-bags" and "skinsacks". They include Stretch, the tallest, and hot-headed leader, Stinkie, who almost always smells, and in turn loves anything smelly. He uses his bad smell as a weapon or annoyance on others, and Fatso, who is seen as the least intelligent of the brothers, and loves to eat almost anything. The three are chaotic in every sense, and can't resist scaring or causing trouble no matter what the cost. They order Casper around constantly, who they refer to as "Bulbhead" or "Short-sheet". However, despite being considered mean spirits, they do on a number of occasions display compassionate sides. One example was when Casper was accidentally turned into a baby. The Ghostly Trio at first reluctantly, took care of him, but soon bonded with him, particularly Stretch. They also appeared to be worried about Casper when they thought he was going to face "the most evil spirit to haunt the Earth", Whitebeard, on his own. There was a rare occasion when Casper became furious and shouted at the Trio for not restraining their own anger during a "frightening storm", which fed off the fury of others. Casper even planned on leaving his uncles, which surprised them further. However, using the best thing to compliments only the Trio could give, such as "fun to knock around", "easily insultable", and even admitting that they liked him, they persuaded him to stay. In the film, the primary turning point for the Ghostly Trio was when they kept their promise to Dr. Harvey, and brought his wife Amelia, to speak to him one last time. As in the feature film, they are voiced by Joe Nipote, Joe Alaskey and Brad Garrett. Starting with Season 3, however, the role of Fatso was taken over by Jess Harnell. Dr. James Harvey (or "Doc" as he is called by the Ghostly Trio) is a psychiatrist and is shown to be an alumnus of Johns Hopkins University. In the film, after his wife Amelia's death, he has gone on to become a "ghost therapist" to find and make contact with his wife, because he believes she is a ghost. However, after learning that she instead became an angel, he and his teenage daughter Kat stay at their new home of Whipstaff, where he continues to work as a ghost therapist, trying (unsuccessfully) to rehabilitate the mischief-making Ghostly Trio. Dr. Harvey is an easy-going guy with a big heart. He obviously loves Kat, although he sometimes appears rather neglectful of his motherless daughter's emotional needs. This was demonstrated in the scene from the film where he speaks with his departed wife when he says he is worried that he's not taking good care of her, but Amelia assured him that he was doing a good job, although she gave him some "motherly" advice ("Don't pick up the extension every time she gets a phone call, french fries are not a breakfast food..." etc.) Dr. Harvey tolerates the Ghostly Trio antics, and it is because of this that they grow to like him, and kept their promise to him so he could speak to Amelia. The animated version of Dr. Harvey deviates slightly from the film version, in that the animated Dr. Harvey was totally focused on being a therapist and used psychological epithets when talking to everyone, including his own daughter. Kat, Casper and the Ghostly trio simply regarded this as an eccentricity. The role was originated by Bill Pullman in the Casper film, but he is voiced by Dan Castellaneta on the show. Kathleen "Kat" Harvey is the daughter of Dr. Harvey and is portrayed as the stereotypical teenager who has a sense of humor. She is about 13 years old (about the age Christina Ricci, who originated the role in the Casper film, was when the film was filmed) and is a good companion to Casper. Kat hates having to put up with the Ghostly Trio because none of them get along with her. Any time they spend together usually involves insulting each other. On one occasion, after the Trio made fun of her for not being able to get a job, Kat made a bet with them saying she could get a job, and bring home a paycheck before they could. The end result was all of them getting a job in the same theatre, which became partly destroyed, after which they declared a draw. But there are rare occasions when Kat and the Ghostly Trio would work together. One example was when to Kat and Casper's surprise, the Trio were trying to return the goldfish Kat won at a fair back to its mother. At first she thought they were going to turn it into a "ghost fish", but when they told her what they were planning, she became slightly emotional and decided to help. Another example was when Dr. Harvey was given his own television show in order to help all ghosts. Both he and Casper became famous and power hungry, resulting in Kat and the Ghostly Trio being neglected, and treated badly. This resulted in them working together to remind Dr. Harvey what was more important. Kat is voiced by Kath Soucie on the show. Spooky is Casper's mischief-minded cousin. He looks up to the Ghostly Trio as his heroes and, while having no true dislike for Casper, despises his cousin's lack of interest in scaring humans. As such, Spooky is always trying to out-scare Casper and become the best in class, but usually fails. However, underneath the gruff, ghostly exterior, Spooky may also have a slight soft spot for his cousin. Spooky is visually very similar to Casper, but he has a black nose and freckles, wears a brown "doiby" hat, and speaks in a Brooklyn accent. He is voiced by Rob Paulsen. Pearl or "Poil" is Spooky's "ghoulfriend". Often absent-minded, Pearl is almost always oblivious to current situations and takes things way too literally. She adores Spooky and everything about him, right down to the freckles on his face and his black nose, is good friends with Casper and doesn't care as much for the Ghostly Trio as Spooky does. She is voiced by Miriam Flynn. Miss Maddie Banshee is the teacher at Casper, Spooky and Poil's ghost school. Befitting her name, Miss Banshee can yell and scream loud enough to be heard several towns away, even to wake the dead. Miss Banshee enjoys being a teacher, but dreams of being a professional opera singer. All three of the Ghostly Trio have a crush on Miss Banshee, and constantly compete for her affections. Miss Banshee is okay with the Trio, but remains unimpressed with their efforts. She is voiced by Tress MacNeille. Amber Whitmire and the Jennifers are classmates and rivals of Kat's at Friendship Junior High School. Amber and the Jennifers are portrayed as rich, mean, and spoiled queen bees. Jennifer #1 has dark brown hair and wears glasses and is the closest to Amber, Jennifer #2 has strawberry blonde hair, and Jennifer #3 has light brown hair and a snorting laugh and is the least intelligent of the three as she has been held back two times in junior high. Amber is voiced by Sherry Lynn and the Jennifers are voiced by Debi Derryberry. Episodes Series overview Season 1 (1996) Season 2 (1996–97) Season 3 (1997–98) Season 4 (1998) Voice cast Malachi Pearson Kath Soucie Joe Nipote Rob Paulsen Brad Garrett Tress MacNeille Jim Cummings Miriam Flynn Joe Alaskey Dan Castellaneta Additional voices Susan Tolsky Benny Grant Pat Fraley Jeff Bennett Jess Harnell Charlie Adler Zelda Rubenstein Jack Angel Debi Derryberry Nancy Cartwright Joe Lala Michael Finnegan Ben Stein Sherry Lynn Jonathan Harris David Coburn Frank Welker E. G. Daily Christine Cavanaugh Tony Jay B. J. Ward Gail Matthius Heidi Shannon Edward Hibbert Jodi Carlisle Gregg Berger Steve Mackall John Astin Sherri Stoner Ginny McSwain Paul Williams Dorian Harewood Kevin Michael Richardson Edie McClurg Dana Hill Fred Willard April Winchell Danny Mann S. Scott Bullock Mark Hamill Nora Dunn Hinton Battle Robin Leach Maggie Roswell Crew Ginny McSwain - Casting Director and Voice Director (seasons 1–2) Kelly Ward - Voice Director (seasons 3–4) Home media From 1996 through 1998, Universal Studios Home Video released episodes from seasons 1, 2, and 3 onto VHS. In 2007/2008, Universal Studios Home Entertainment released two volume collections entitled The Spooktacular New Adventures of Casper, Volume 1 and The Spooktacular New Adventures of Casper, Volume 2 on DVD in Region 1. Volume 1 consists of the first 5 episodes of the animated series, while volume 2 contains the last 5 episodes of season 1. No further plans have been made by Universal to release any further DVDs of the show. VHS United States DVD References External links 1996 American television series debuts 1998 American television series endings 1990s American animated television series American animated television spin-offs American children's animated adventure television series American children's animated comedy television series American children's animated fantasy television series American children's animated horror television series American sequel television series Animated television shows based on films Casper the Friendly Ghost English-language television shows Fox Kids Fox Broadcasting Company original programming Television shows based on Harvey Comics Animated television series about children Animated television series about ghosts Television series by Amblin Entertainment Television series by Universal Animation Studios Television shows set in Maine YTV (Canadian TV channel) original programming	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20Spooktacular%20New%20Adventures%20of%20Casper
Gajiu Monastery is an ancient Buddhist temple located near the old Tibetan village of Tsetang in the province of Tibet. Only ruins remain of the temple which was built at the foot of Mount Gongbori. Archaeological sites in Tibet Former Buddhist temples Shannan, Tibet Tibetan Buddhist monasteries	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gajiu%20Monastery
Miguel Mejía Barón (born 17 April 1944) is a Mexican former professional footballer and manager. Career Mejía played for UNAM Pumas and would later manage the club. He coached Mexico at the 1994 FIFA World Cup. Honours Manager UNAM CONCACAF Champions' Cup: 1989 Mexican Primera División: 1990–91 Mexico CONCACAF Gold Cup: 1993 Team coach 1988-1991: UNAM Pumas 1991-1992: Monterrey 1993-1995: Mexico national football team 1996-1998: Atlante 1999: Tigres UANL 2000: Puebla 2001: UNAM Pumas () References External links 1949 births Living people Footballers from Mexico City Club Universidad Nacional footballers Mexican football managers 1993 Copa América managers 1994 FIFA World Cup managers 1995 King Fahd Cup managers 1995 Copa América managers CONCACAF Gold Cup-winning managers Mexico national football team managers Club Universidad Nacional managers C.F. Monterrey managers Mexican men's footballers Men's association football defenders	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miguel%20Mej%C3%ADa%20Bar%C3%B3n
Precursor or Precursors may refer to: Precursor (religion), a forerunner, predecessor The Precursor, John the Baptist Science and technology Precursor (bird), a hypothesized genus of fossil birds that was composed of fossilized parts of unrelated animals Precursor (chemistry), a compound that participates in the chemical reaction that produces another compound Precursor (physics), a phenomenon of wave propagation in dispersive media Precursor in the course of a disease, a state preceding a particular stage in that course Precursor cell (biology), a unipotent stem cell Earthquake precursor, a diagnostic phenomenon that can occur before an earthquake Gehrlein Precursor, a glider LNWR Precursor Class (disambiguation), classes of passenger locomotives developed for the London and North Western Railway Fiction Precursors Halo (series), an extremely advanced race that preceded and were destroyed by The Forerunners Precursor (novel), a 1999 novel set in C. J. Cherryh's Foreigner universe Precursors, a fictional race (now extinct) of ancient beings in the board game Cosmic Encounter Precursors, a fictional alien race in the Star Control video game series Precursors, a fictional race of ancient beings in the video game Jak and Daxter: The Precursor Legacy Precursors, a fictional alien race in Galactic Civilizations II: Dread Lords video game Precursors, a fictional, almost extinct alien race that supposedly created humanity in the Assassin's Creed series Precursors, a fictional, evil alien race that created the Kaiju in the movie Pacific Rim and its sequel Pacific Rim: Uprising Precursors, a fictional and extremely advanced alien race in the video game Subnautica. Other Precursors of film The Precursors (video game), a video game from Kyiv-based developer Deep Shadows	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Precursor
The hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus) is a species of bat in the vesper bat family, Vespertilionidae. It lives throughout most of North America (and possibly also in Hawaii, although this is disputed). Taxonomy The hoary bat was described as a new species in 1796 by Palisot de Beauvois. Beauvois noted that the holotype was collected in the US state of Pennsylvania by an individual identified as "Master Pancake". It has many taxonomic synonyms, including Vespertilio pruinosis (Say, 1823) and Atalpha mexicana (Saussure, 1861). Mammalogist Harrison Allen was the first to use its current name combination of Lasiurus cinereus, doing so in 1864. In a later publication, Allen placed it in the now-defunct genus Atalapha, with a scientific name of Atalpha cinerea. The South American hoary bat (L. villosissimus), which is found throughout South America, and the Hawaiian hoary bat (L. semotus), which is endemic to Hawaii, were both previously classified under the hoary bat, but phylogenetic evidence supports them being distinct species. Some have argued to elevate the subgenus (Aeorestes) to a genus level classification for L. cinereus. However, this has not been accepted by taxonomic authorities as it violates the International Code of Zoologigal Nomenclature Distribution It ranges throughout North America, from northern Canada south to Guatemala. Although the Hawaiian subspecies L. semotus was reclassified into a distinct species, studies in 2015 and 2017 found evidence supporting two different colonization events of Hawaii by Lasiurus species; one about 1.4 million years ago by the ancestors of L. semotus, but also a much more recent colonization by true L. cinereus. This would mean that L. cinereus also inhabits the Hawaiian islands, in cryptic sympatry with L. semotus. However, in contrast, a 2020 genetic study found no evidence of multiple bat species on Hawaii, finding the islands to only be inhabited by a single species, L. semotus, and attributed the previous results as a consequence of incomplete lineage sorting. Description The hoary bat averages long with a wingspan and a weight of . It is the largest bat normally found in Canada. Its coat is dense and dark brown, with white tips to the hairs that give the species its 'hoary' appearance for which it is named. The body is covered in fur except for the undersides of the wings. Males and females are dimorphic in body mass, with females 40% heavier than males. Behavior The bat normally roosts alone on trees, hidden in the foliage, but on occasion has been seen in caves with other bats. It prefers woodland, mainly coniferous forests, but hunts over open areas or lakes. It hunts alone and its main food source is moths. The bats can cover an impressive while foraging. Hoary bats are long-distance migrants, spending the winter in Central America and the southwestern United States and the spring and summer in more northern latitudes in the United States and Canada. Reproduction The reproductive cycle of the hoary bat is not yet fully documented, but it is thought that they mate in August with birth occurring in June of the following year. It is thought that the gestation period is only 40 days and that mammalian embryonic diapause (delayed implantation) may play a role. Females typically bear twins, though litter sizes range from 1–4. Young are typically weaned after 7 weeks. Conservation While not listed as threatened or endangered, hoary bats suffer significant mortality from wind turbines. Across the United States in 2005, 40% of all bats killed by wind turbines were hoary bats—over 1000 hoary bats were killed in 2005. Most bat deaths occur during migration in the spring and fall. One common theory explaining this is that bats are attracted to the tall structure, possibly believing them to be trees that can be used for rest. See also Bats of Canada Bats of the United States References External links NatureServe Animal Diversity Web Bat Conservation International Species Profile Hoary bat Hoary Hoary Hoary Hoary Hoary Hoary Hoary Hoary Mammals of Colombia Mammals of Chile Mammals of Hawaii Mammals of Peru Fauna of the Western United States Fauna of the San Francisco Bay Area Mammals described in 1796	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hoary%20bat
Fulton Luther Walker Jr. (April 30, 1958 – October 12, 2016) was an American professional football player who was a cornerback for the Miami Dolphins (1981-1985) and Los Angeles Raiders (1985-1986) of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the West Virginia Mountaineers. He graduated from Martinsburg High School and West Virginia University. College career Walker played for West Virginia from 1977-1980, mostly as a defensive back, though he played running back in his sophomore season. Walker recorded 194 tackles and 5 interceptions on defense, while also rushing for 392 yards and two touchdowns. His primary role on the team was as a kick returner, returning 58 punts for 675 yards and three touchdowns, along with 51 kickoff returns for 1,066 yards. Professional career On defense, Walker recorded five interceptions during his career, which he returned for 62 yards. His main contributions came as a punt and kickoff returner on special teams, recording a total of 145 punt returns for 1,437 yards and 167 kickoff returns for 3,779 yards and a touchdown. Walker's best season was in the strike shortened nine-game season of 1982, when he recorded three interceptions on defense and 433 kickoff return yards, assisting his team to a championship appearance in Super Bowl XVII. In 1985, he recorded an NFL record 692 punt return yards. This would stand as a record until 1996 when it was surpassed by Desmond Howard's 870 yards. Walker is best remembered for his performance on special teams in Super Bowl XVII and Super Bowl XIX. In Super Bowl XVII, Walker recorded four kickoff returns for 190 yards and a touchdown, setting Super Bowl records for most kick return yards and highest single game yards-per-return average (47.5). This included a record 98-yard kickoff return for a touchdown in the second quarter, the first kickoff ever to be returned for a touchdown in Super Bowl history. He also had a 42-yard return that set up a Dolphins field goal. His contributions helped the Dolphins maintain a lead in the game until late in the fourth quarter, despite Miami quarterback David Woodley being limited to just four completions in the entire game. In Super Bowl XIX, Walker contributed 93 kickoff return yards and 15 yards returning punts. Life after football In honor of his special teams highlights, the West Virginia Sports Writers Association gives out the Fulton Walker Award each year to the state's top high school special teams player. Walker was born and lived in Martinsburg, West Virginia, where he was the victim of a violent break-in at his home in August 2013. One of the men involved in the crime, during which Walker was beaten and assaulted, was sentenced to 18 years in prison. Walker died in Martinsburg on October 12, 2016. He is one of at least 345 NFL players to be diagnosed after death with chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), which is caused by repeated hits to the head. References External links Career statistics at Database Football.com 1958 births 2016 deaths American football cornerbacks American football safeties American football return specialists West Virginia Mountaineers football players Miami Dolphins players Los Angeles Raiders players Sportspeople from Martinsburg, West Virginia Martinsburg High School alumni Players of American football from West Virginia	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fulton%20Walker
Acton, Massachusetts is a small town west of Boston in an area that has records of human habitation which stretch back 7000 years. Acton citizens had a significant role in the Battle of Lexington and Concord, the prelude to the American Revolution. Acton's history reflects the major events that were occurring in Massachusetts, New England, the United States, and the world. Early settlement The rivers that run through Acton were used by Native Americans as part of their annual migration patterns thousands of years ago. A Native American archaeological site was discovered in Acton in 1999 which produced evidence of habitation dating back 7000 years. This site has been named the Pine Hawk site and is one of the oldest archaeological sites in New England. Before European colonists settled in the area, the Massachuset tribe of the Algonquins lived in eastern Massachusetts. The group who lived in the Acton area were members of the Pawtucket people. They practiced swidden agriculture where they would use a field for several years until soil fertility dropped and then move to another field. Around 1615, an epidemic killed almost 90% of the Native Americans in eastern Massachusetts. The description of the symptoms lead current historians to believe that this disease was viral hepatitis introduced by European traders and sailors. The epidemic had such a huge impact because the native residents had no resistance to European diseases. A smallpox epidemic swept through in 1633 and further devastated the region. Colonial Acton The first colonial settlement in this area was Concord which was incorporated in 1635. Concord, which was the first inland settlement of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, encompassing the present day towns of Acton, Lincoln, and Carlisle. Concord sits at the junction where the Assabet and Sudbury rivers combine to form the Concord River. Concord farmers used the land which is now Acton as grazing fields for their animals. The first permanent residents of Acton settled the area in 1639; siting their residences among the pastures that ran along the Nashoba Brook flood plain. They were farmers who needed to be closer to the grazing fields for their animals. They called this section of town Concord Village. In the mid-17th century, colonists began a program of converting Native Americans to Christianity. The converted Indians were settled into towns which were known as 'Praying Indian Towns'. One of these towns (Nashobah) was located on the land around Fort Pond from Nagog Pond around both sides south to Fort Pond Hill. The eastern part of Nashobah straddles the town line between Acton and Littleton. Several prominent Praying Indians such as Peter Jethro lived in the Praying Town. Nashobah was also known as Newtown resulting in the present-day confusion of Newtown Road Acton and Newtown Road Littleton, both of which lead to the north slope of Fort Pond Hill. When King Philip's War (1675–1676) broke out, the Praying Indians were considered with suspicion by the colonists. In October 1675, the General Council in Boston ordered that all Praying Indians be removed from their towns and taken to Deer Island in Boston Harbor. They were released in 1677 when King Philip's War was over. Residents of the Massachusetts Bay Colony were required to attend Sunday Services and to support through taxation the colony's official religion: Congregationalism. With travel along colonial roads difficult, the Sunday attendance requirement became a burden for the residents of what would become Acton. These residents petitioned the Colony's legislature, the General Court, for the right to have their own meeting house (aka Church) and hire their own minister. With the approval of the General Court, Acton was incorporated as an independent town on July 3, 1735. Acton has held Annual Town Meetings since 1735 and the records of those Town Meetings are held at Acton's Memorial Library (). American Revolution In the period before the outbreak of hostilities with Great Britain that eventually led to the American Revolution, the relations between colonists and Great Britain grew increasingly strained. In May 1774, the British Parliament passed a law which made it illegal for colonists to hold Town Meetings and to legislate their own affairs. In defiance of this law, the Town of Acton held a series of Town Meetings where they elected a representative to the illegal Provincial Congress and began to raise a local militia unit. The Town of Acton sent a list of grievances to King George III on October 3, 1774. The anniversary of this day is celebrated in Acton as Crown Resistance Day At the beginning of the American Revolutionary War, on April 19, 1775, a company of minutemen from Acton responded to the call to arms initiated by Paul Revere (who rode with other riders, William Dawes and Samuel Prescott, with Prescott the only one of the three who was able reach Acton itself) and fought at the North Bridge in Concord as part of the Battle of Lexington and Concord. The Acton minutemen were led by Captain Isaac Davis. When a company was needed to lead the advance on the bridge which was defended by the British regulars, Captain Davis was heard to reply, "I haven't a man who is afraid to go." The colonists advanced on the bridge. The men from Acton were in the front lines, since they were the only company completely outfitted with bayonets. In the exchange of musket fire that followed, Captain Isaac Davis and Private James Hayward were killed and Abner Hosmer, also of Acton, was mortally wounded. Thus, Isaac Davis was the first officer to die in the American Revolutionary War. Each year on Patriot's Day (the 3rd Monday in April), the Acton Minutemen lead a march from Acton Center to the Old North Bridge in Concord. This route is known as the 'Isaac Davis Trail' and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Since the 1960s, The Scouters of the Isaac Davis Trail have organized an annual Patriot's Day campout and march on the Isaac Davis Trail. The 1800s: Industrialization and Civil War After the Revolutionary War, Acton continued to grow in population. By the mid-19th century, Acton was an industrial center for the production of barrels (cooperage). There were also three grist mills and four saw mills in town. While several of these mills were sited on Fort Pond Brook in South Acton, several of them were sited on Nashoba Brook in the North and East Acton areas of town. The fulling mill at Mill Corner was one of the first large-scale manufacturers of woolen cloth in the country. Gun powder mills (1835-1940) were located along the Assabet River, in the southernmost part of Acton. This operation became well known as American Powder Mills, with business offices in Boston and Chicago. The towns of Acton and Concord were also instrumental in the development of the modern day pencil industry. Concordian William Munroe is credited with being the first to manufacture wooden pencils in the United States in 1812. Acton resident Ebenezer Wood found Munroe's manufacturing methods painstakingly slow and set out to automate the process at his mill on in North Acton, along the old Davis Road. Wood became the first to use a circular saw to speed the cutting and a gluing process that could make 144 pencils at once. His process improvements created pencils in either hexagonal or octagonal shapes. These shapes have become standard. Wood never patented his invention and shared his improvements with others, including Eberhardt Faber of New York. Faber became the country's leading manufacturer of pencils. In the latter half of the century, industry continued to grow in Acton with the establishment of a cigar factory and a piano stool factory In 1843, the railroad came to Acton. The Fitchburg Railroad was routed through South and West Acton so that it could serve the mills. South Acton became a busy commerce center with the construction of the Marlborough Branch Railroad. The branch ran from South Acton through Maynard, Stow and Hudson to reach its terminus in the city of Marlborough. The increased traffic led to further commercial development in the area, such as the establishment of the Tuttle Store and the construction of Exchange Hall. The Tuttle Store was a precursor to modern day department stores. In addition to the Fitchburg Railroad, two other railroads bisected Acton: the Framingham and Lowell and the Nashua, Acton and Boston Railroad. The Framingham and Lowell was part of the Northern Division of the Old Colony Railroad which eventually became a subsidiary of the New York, New Haven and Hartford Rail Road (a.k.a. The New Haven Railroad). The Nashua, Acton & Boston ran from Concord Junction (aka West Concord) to Nashua, through Westford and Dunstable. These two railroads shared a double track right-of-way that runs along Nashoba Brook to North Acton where they diverged near the North Acton Station, which was located at the end of Harris Street. The Framingham and Lowell right-of-way is now known as the Bruce Freeman Rail Trail and is various stages of completion. In 1850, the Fugitive Slave Act was passed. In response, Acton Town Meeting passed a set of resolutions condemning the Act. The governor of Massachusetts, John C. Andrew, urged all towns to prepare their militia units for the threatening war. On April 12, 1861 the Civil War Began. On April 15, President Lincoln issued a call for 75,000 volunteers. By 7:30 the next morning, Captain Tuttle with his entire command of 52 men reported to Lowell, fully equipped and ready for duty. Company E of Acton of the 6th Massachusetts Militia was to be the first company of the first regiment of the Union Army to arrive in Washington in response to the President's call. In addition, the Acton reservists were among the troops at Fort Sumter when it was fired upon. In 1874, the population of the town was almost 1700. The town established its first newspaper The Acton Patriot and the residents of West Acton formed the first library The Citizen's Library. In 1890, the Memorial Library was completed and given to the town by William A. Wilde as a memorial to the Acton soldiers who fought in the Civil War. The 1900s: The Growth of Suburban Acton 1900-1950 At the beginning on the 20th century, Acton had approximately 2120 residents. The primary business of the town was agriculture. The 20th century saw substantial growth and change in the town. In 1912, after prolonged debate, a Water District was established which provided water initially to the West Acton and South Acton villages. At this time, each of the five villages had its own fire department. On July 22, 1913, there was a very serious fire in West Acton. It destroyed houses, barns, businesses and factories. The whole village might have burned if not for the newly installed water system. After the fire, Town Meeting voted to establish a town-wide volunteer fire department. Acton had excellent roads due to a contribution from a former Acton resident - Alvin Nothrop. He had grown up in Acton before moving to Washington D.C., where he became a successful merchant. He donated money to the town of Acton to purchase a stone crusher for improving local roads. Because of this contribution, Acton had water-bound macadam highways long before its neighbors. With the advent of the Automobile, the railroads serving East and North Acton fell into decline. The Nashua and Acton line was completely abandoned in the mid-1920s while passenger service ceased on the Framingham and Lowell line in the 1930s with the last vestiges of service on the line occurring to North Acton lumberyards in the early 1990s. This line too, has been formally abandoned. The Framingham and Lowell line is in the process of being converted into a rail trail, with the Acton portion scheduled for 2015. The Board of Health was instituted in 1901 and its first task was to administer the smallpox vaccine to the children in the local schools. Each village in Acton had its own grade school but the town struggled with how to provide a high school education for its students. For most of the early 20th century (until 1925), Acton students were sent to Concord's high school. In 1925, Acton population was large enough to sustain its own high school, which was built on Massachusetts Avenue (rt 111) near the intersection of Main Street (rt 27). The building, which still stands, was converted into use as an elementary school and then, in 2012, was converted into residential housing. 1950-2000 The last half of the 20th century saw enormous growth and change in Acton. In 1950, the town had a population of 3,500 which grew to 17,000 by 1974. This was largely caused by the growth in industry in suburban areas - facilitated by the construction of Route 128. Acton did not attract a large number of industrial sites because of the limited water supply. Instead, Acton became a bedroom community with an increased housing demand due to two main factors, the Baby Boom and the Cold War. As GI-Bill educated women and men in Boston and its inner suburbs entered the employment sector they found housing in their hometowns expensive and tight leading many to look beyond State Highway 128 which was being absorbed into the Interstate system as s portion of Interstate-95. At the same time, the Cold War expansion of Fort Devens, Hanscom AFB, and Natick Labs accompanied by the growth of high technology DoD contractors spurred a large increase in college-educated professionals seeking housing within commuting distance. To meet this demand and benefit financially, a lot of Acton's farmland began to turn into housing developments. In 1954, the Town established a Planning Board which developed regulations regarding the development of subdivisions. The first large subdivision was Indian Village (built on the southern slope of Fort Pond Hill - bisected by Route 2 in 1952 - and the adjacent flatland) in West Acton in 1955. Other notable subdivisions include Patriots Hill (located between Route 2 & the town center - which was heavily expanded upon in the late 90s), Minuteman Ridge (located off Massachusetts Avenue [Route 111], Forest Glen (located near the Stow border), and The Arbors (located off of Great Road or Route 119 / 2A). Smaller subdivisions were built as individual farmers sold their orchards, chicken farms, and dairy farms to developers. Acton's increasing housing stock and willingness of farmers to sell their land continued to drive growth through the 1950s and into the 1970s. Alongside the Dod contract-fueled high technology innovation and development, commercial and non-DoD government contracts spurred a robust civilian high tech and information industry that was expanding in office parks along Rt 128/I 95 in the 1960s through 1980s and then along Interstate 495 in the late 1980s till present. Digital Equipment Corporation's establishment in the Maynard Mills made Acton an attractive place to live and drove development of the apartment buildings and condominiums in town. Between 1965 and 1975, all the truck farms along 2A, which were the most commercially profitable farms in town were replaced by shopping centers and apartment buildings. Nagog Office Park (1974) further hastened the development of the Rt 2A corridor as a retail and office building location. This thriving civilian sector allowed Acton to better weather the Nixon Administration's dramatic cutting of Federal Agency presence in the Commonwealth (NASA leaving Cambridge, Boston Navy Yard closing) in revenge for the 1972 election as well as the Post-Vietnam recession that hit other DoD fed areas (Tidewater Virginia, Seattle, St Louis, and San Diego, for example). The population in the town doubled between 1950 and 1960 (from 3500 to 7000). It doubled again in the next decade. This increase made Acton look at its public schools to expand. In 1953, new schools were constructed to accommodate the growth in the student population. In 1957, Acton and Boxborough created a regional school district for grades 7 -12 (Littleton pulled out of the planned regional district halfway through the planning process). The Merriam School was constructed in 1958. Other schools quickly followed (Douglas (1966), Gates (1968), and Conant (1971)). In 1967 a building was constructed for the Junior High. In 1973 a huge addition was added to this building and it became the high school (the junior high moved to the old high school building). In the 1990, it was clear that both the Merriam and the McCarthy Towne buildings were obsolete. In 1998, the town constructed a single replacement building, called the Parker Damon Building, to house both schools. The school run separate programs but share gym and cafeteria space. The Blanchard foundation gave Acton the money to construct Blanchard Auditorium for the town's High School, the building has since been converted to the R. J. Grey Jr High School. The Auditorium, which also doubles as gym, was used to hold Town Meeting until the new (current) High School Auditorium was constructed. In the last quarter of the 20th century, conservation also became a driving factor in the development of the town. A desire to protect existing open-space combined with the need for additional recreation areas led the town to acquire and set aside over for conservation purposes. This included the development of the North Acton Recreation Area (NARA) in the late 1990s. NARA provided the town with its first outdoor beach and swim area as well as a significant space for playing fields and an outdoor amphitheater. In 2011 NARA was renamed after Nathaniel Allen, an Acton resident who was awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor for his actions during the Civil War. 2000s: Continued Suburban Growth In the early 21st century, Acton continued its population growth including the addition of the Canterbury Hill development, located near the borders with Carlisle & Westford, that contain over 90 houses. This was followed by the building of 153 homes on a portion of the Quail Ridge Country Club, located off Great Road (route 119 / 2A). These developments may represent a bit of a watershed in Acton's development as the availability of other open tracts is limited. In 2012, the towns of Acton and Boxborough began exploring the complete regionalization of the towns school by absorbing Boxborough's Blanchard Elementary school into the system. References Notes External links Official Town Website Acton Memorial Library Acton, Massachusetts Acton	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History%20of%20Acton%2C%20Massachusetts
Casper and the Angels is an American animated television series based on the Harvey Comics cartoon character Casper the Friendly Ghost, produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions and broadcast on NBC from September 22 to December 15, 1979. Plot Casper the Friendly Ghost is a "guardian ghost" to two female Space Police officers named Mini (who is a rather ditzy redhead) and Maxi (who is a much more intelligent African-American woman with a very short temper) who patrol the Jetsons-style Space City on their flying motorcycles in the year 2179. They are joined by the rambunctious but good-hearted Hairy Scary, a large, shaggy, thousand year old ghost with a red nose and big bow tie who enjoys scaring people, especially villains and other troublemakers, but because he has a great deal of affection for his little pal Casper he, unlike most of their ghostly kind, tries to accept the fact that the gentle ghost does not like to scare people. Less accepting, especially toward Mini and Maxi, are their fellow officers Nerdley and Fungo, a pair of bumbling, flying patrol car-driving male chauvinists who are always trying to prove that they are superior to their female counterparts, only to have their efforts undone by their own stupidity and cowardice. History The show was apparently Hanna-Barbera's second attempt to cash in on the popularity of Charlie's Angels as well as the popularity of the motorcycle police drama CHiPs, the first being Captain Caveman and the Teen Angels on ABC. Twenty-six 15-minute segments shown as thirteen 30-minute episodes were produced, as well as two television specials Casper's Halloween Special and Casper's First Christmas. The series was shown on Cartoon Network and Boomerang for a few years and rarely found on television since 2003 or even earlier. Some of the episodes can be found on YouTube. Like many animated series created by Hanna-Barbera in the 1970s, the show contained a laugh track. Cast Julie McWhirter as Casper The Friendly Ghost John Stephenson as Hairy Scary The Ghost / Commander Diana McCannon as Space Patrol Officer Maxi Laurel Page as Space Patrol Officer Mini Hal Smith as Nerdley Paul Winchell as Fungo Additional voices Rick Dees Bob Hastings Jim MacGeorge Ronnie Schell Frank Welker Episodes Home media On September 5, 1995, Turner Home Entertainment released two volumes The Boo Zoo and Stars & Frights on VHS. This release contained five episodes from the series. In addition, on August 22, 2000, Warner Home Video released Casper Saves Halloween on VHS, which contained the Halloween special as well as six 15-minute episodes of Casper and the Angels. Production credits The credits features voices from the show, plus the same animators and part of the same music from Scooby-Doo and Scrappy-Doo and The World's Greatest Super Friends on ABC. Executive Producers: William Hanna and Joseph Barbera Producers: Art Scott and Alex Lovy Directors: Ray Patterson, Carl Urbano, Oscar Dufau, George Gordon Story Supervisor: Jim Ryan Story Editor: Bob Ogle Story: Jack Bonestell, Patsy Cameron, Gary Greenfield, Bob Ogle, Dick Robbins Story Direction: Don Christensen, Sukhdev Dail, George Singer Recording Director: Art Scott Voices: Rick Dees, Bob Hastings, Diann McCannon, Jim MacGeorge, Julie McWhirter, Laurel Page, Ronnie Schell, Hal Smith, John Stephenson, Frank Welker, Paul Winchell Graphics: Iraj Paran, Tom Wogatzke Title Design: Don Sheppard Musical Director: Hoyt Curtin Musical Supervisor: Paul DeKorte Creative Producer: Iwao Takamoto Design Supervisor: Bob Singer Character Design: Willie Ito, Scott Shaw Layout Supervisor: Don Morgan Key Layout: Floyd Norman Layout: John Bruno, Al Budnick, Nino Carbe, Dave Hanan, Linda Harris, Gary Hoffman, Carol Lay, Jack Manning, Alex McCrae, Floyd Norman, Paul Power, Becky Price, Tony Rivera, Glenn Schmitz, Scott Shaw Animation Supervisors: Bob Goe, Bill Keil, Jay Sarbry Animation: Robert Alvarez, Frank Andrina, Colin Baker, Anne Marie Bardwell, Ed Barge, Tom Barnes, Maxwell Becraft, Bob Bemiller, Richard Bowman, Bob Bransford, James Brummett, Oliver Callahan, Rudy Cataldi, Roger Chiasson, Steve Clark, Richard Coleman, John Conning, Jesse Cosio, Gabor Csupo, Zeon Davush, Daniel De La Vega, Elaine Despins, Charlie Downs, Joan Drake, Judith Ann Drake, Marcia Fertig, Gail Finkedlei, Hugh Fraser, Al Gaivoto, Charles Gammage, Miguel Garcia, Fernando Gonzalez, Jeff Hall, Terry Harrison, Bob Hathcock, Fred Hellmich, Charles Howell, Bill Hutten, Volus Jones, Mario Julio, Aundre Knutson, Rick Leon, Teresa Loewy, Hicks Lokey, Michael Longden, Ernesto Lopez, Tony Love, Mircea Mantta, Mauro Maressa, Duncan Marjoribanks, Burt Medall, Tran Vu Minh, Ken Muse, Constantin Mustatea, Sean Newton, Margaret Nichols, Eduardo Olivares, Margaret Parkes, Lester Pegues, Jr., Delpino Ramirez, Harry Rasmussen, William Recinos, Morey Reden, Mitch Rochon, Tom Ruegger, Joel Seibel, Mark Simon, Ken Southworth, Leo D. Sullivan, Robert Taylor, Barry Temple, Dave Tendlar, Dick Thompson, Richard Trueblood, Robert Tyler, Carlos Vincenzi, John Walker, Allen Wilzbach Assistant Animation Supervisor: Rick Leon Background Supervisor: Al Gmuer Backgrounds: Lorraine Andrina, Fernando Arce, Greg Battes, Dario Campanile, Gil DiCicco, Dennis Durrell, Fla Ferreira, Martin Forte, Bob Gentle, Al Gmuer, Bonnie Goodknight, Bonnie Goodknight, Ann Guenther, Tom Hanes, James Hedgeus, Eric Heschong, Jim Hickey, Mike Humphries, Andy Phillipson, Bill Proctor, Vivien Rhyan, Jeff Richards, Jeff Riche, Cal Titus, Dennis Venizelos Checking and Scene Planning: Cindy Smith Xerography: Star Wirth Ink and Paint Supervisor: Alison Victory Sound Direction: Richard Olson, Bill Getty Camera: Jerry Mills, Ross Avery, Bob Berry, Allen Childs, Marc Debbaudt, Candy Edwards, Curt Hall, Mike Kane, Neil Viker, Roy Wade, Brandy Whittington, Jerry Whittington Supervising Film Editor: Larry C. Cowan Dubbing Supervisor: Pat Foley Music Editor: Joe Sandusky Effects Editors: Julie Bagdonas, Sue Brown Show Editor: Gil Iverson Negative Consultant: William E. DeBoer Production Manager: Jayne Barbera Post Production Supervisor: Joed Eaton A HANNA-BARBERA PRODUCTION Based on the character owned and copyrighted by Harvey Cartoons, a partnership. This picture has made the jurisdiction of I.A.T.SE., affiliated with A.F.L.-C.I.O. © 1979 Hanna-Barbera Productions, Inc. See also Casper's Halloween Special Casper's First Christmas References External links Harvey Comics series and characters NBC original programming 1979 American television series debuts 1979 American television series endings 1970s American animated television series Television series by Hanna-Barbera American animated television spin-offs Television series set in the future Television series set in the 22nd century Animated television series about ghosts English-language television shows American children's animated space adventure television series American children's animated comic science fiction television series American children's animated science fantasy television series American children's animated horror television series American children's animated mystery television series	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casper%20and%20the%20Angels
Jordan Arthur Tata (TAY-ta) (born September 20, 1981) is a retired major league pitcher. Tata made his major league debut on April 6, 2006 against the Texas Rangers in a 10-6 win. For college he attended Sam Houston State. He is tall and weighs . Tata bats and throws right-handed. While pitching for the Lakeland Tigers in 2005, Tata made the Florida State League All-Star team as a starting pitcher, and at the season's end he was named the league's Pitcher of the Year. Tata picked up his first big league win on July 30, 2007 while pitching in place of the injured Kenny Rogers. The Tigers beat the Oakland Athletics by a score of 5-2. Tata struck out 5, walked 2 and allowed 6 hits and 2 earned runs. Todd Jones gave Tata the customary shaving cream-pie to the face during a post game interview. Jordan's second start at Comerica Park August 3 resulted in a 3-1 loss. Tata gave up all three runs in 5 innings pitched. Tata spent the baseball season pitching for the Lakeland Flying Tigers of the Florida State League and the Gulf Coast Tigers of the Rookie League. After a rough spring, the Tigers released Tata on April 1, 2009. Tata was signed by the Grand Prairie AirHogs on April 15, 2009. The Grand Prairie AirHogs released Tata on July 1. He is now a head coach of select baseball teams in Texas. References External links 1981 births Living people Detroit Tigers players Toledo Mud Hens players Major League Baseball pitchers Sam Houston Bearkats baseball players Baseball players from Plano, Texas Grand Prairie AirHogs players Gulf Coast Tigers players Gigantes del Cibao players American expatriate baseball players in the Dominican Republic Lakeland Flying Tigers players Lakeland Tigers players Oneonta Tigers players Phoenix Desert Dogs players West Michigan Whitecaps players	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jordan%20Tata
In marketing and financial services, mass affluent and emerging affluent are the high end of the mass market, or individuals with US$100,000 to US$1,000,000 of liquid financial assets plus an annual household income over US$75,000. Mass affluent consumers are an important target market for sellers of luxury goods. Difference from upper middle income There may be a high correlation between the households in the upper-middle reaches of the income strata and the mass affluent, but there are differences. Social class is the result of a person's function within society rather than merely the income of the household in which he or she resides. Both terms refer to people whose wealth or income is above the average, yet below the top. As opposed to households with above average incomes the mass affluent are also defined through liquid assets such as stocks, bonds, cash, and mutual funds. Fixed assets such as real estate are not commonly counted. This is because liquid assets provide more financial flexibility, which is a desirable trait in customers. The mass affluent have been characterized as those who save more than they spend and invest for their future. While they worry about funding their children's college education, they realize other savings and loan options exist and they are not opposed to their children paying some part of their educational costs. The mass affluent generally may worry about replacing their paycheck in retirement, and may need to be encouraged to spend more money during their retirement years. They often wish to leave an inheritance to their children. The mass affluent will have between US$500,000 and $1.5million in investable assets upon retirement with a net worth between $500,000 and $2.5million. They spend between $4,000 and $10,000 per month in retirement. In the United States In the United States there are roughly 33 million mass affluent households, and they own roughly 37% of America's liquid financial assets. Among family households, approximately thirty percent could be described as being mass affluent. See also Affluence in the United States High-net-worth individual Income in the United States Income quintiles Luxury good Status brand The professional/managerial middle class Wealth in the United States References Further reading Nunes, Paul, and Brian Johnson. Mass Affluence: Seven New Rules of Marketing to Today's Consumer, Harvard Business School Press. 2004. Silverstein, Michael J., and Neil Fiske. Trading Up: Why Consumers Want New Luxury Goods— and How Companies Create Them, Portfolio. 2004. External links Here Come the Mass Affluent, CNN/Money You're Not Rich, but Now You Can Fake It, Slate Wealth Management: The Race to Serve the Mass Affluent, FinanceTech MasterCard Analysis of Mass-Affluent Consumers Reveals Importance of Customization, PaymentsNews Attracting the mass-affluent, business.scotsman.com Chasing the Mass Affluent Customers Mass Affluence: Seven New Rules for Marketing to Today's Customer Luxury goes mass market, Fortune A $400 Coach bag? Shoppers think twice, Fortune Market segmentation Social classes Social groups	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mass%20affluent
Kaisa may refer to: Kaisa (name), Finnish and Estonian feminine given name Kaisa, Estonia, village in Saaremaa Parish, Saare County, Estonia Kaisa (billiards), a cue sport mostly played in Finland Kaisa Group Holdings Limited, a Chinese property development company, sponsors of Shenzhen F.C. Kaisa, snow goose dæmon of Serafina Pekkala, a character in the His Dark Materials novel series by Philip Pullman Kai'Sa, a character in the video game League of Legends and its associated virtual band K/DA See also Kaiser is the German title meaning "emperor", with Kaiserin being the female equivalent, "empress"	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaisa
Desafío de Estrellas is a Mexican musical show produced and distributed by TV Azteca, the second most important network in the country. The format of the Desafío is similar to American Idol with contestants eliminated every week and a grand finale with the top contestants competing to win the first place prize. TV Azteca has, until 2006, produced two versions of the program, one in 2003 and the other in 2006. The 2003 version consisted only of former contestants of La Academia, another TV Azteca-produced show which had already garnished two seasons and, in the process, taken away rating from Televisa, the prime network of the country. The 2006 version, on the other hand, consisted of both former contestants of La Academia (all four seasons), as well as other artists produced by TV Azteca in the middle and late '90s, later in 2009 a third season took place with former contestants of the six seasons of la academia. All the Desafíos de Estrellas Desafío de Estrellas 2003 Participants - 32 Winner - Yahir Runner-Up - Nadia Third Place - Myriam Fourth Place - Erika Fifth Place - Estrella The 2003 version of the Desafío de Estrellas was announced right after the end of the second generation of La Academia. The 32 contestants which made up both generations would go on head-to-head to see what generation would get the best place. This expected competition was non-existent, as the participants of the 2nd generation were eliminated swiftly. Of the top 10 singers chosen by the public, only 1 had come out of the second generation, Erika, who would go on to become the fourth place of the competition. With a total of 15 concerts and above good ratings, TV Azteca confirmed its strong hold on the Mexican public. Contestants Concerts Concert 1- The first concert saw the elimination of 10 artists, 7 of which were from the second generation (Elisa, Gisela, Karla, Mauricio, Fabricio, Víctor and Marvin), while only 3 were from the first (Wendolee, Alejandro and Jose Antonio). Concert 2- The second concert saw no eliminations, however, this concert was marked by the clear dominance of the first generation singers who received well better critics from the judges than the second generation singers. The best interpretation of the night was "El Me Mintio" by Myriam and Erika (winners of the first and second generations, accordingly) who would go on to become finalists and lead successful solo careers. Concert 3- The third concert was characterized by the elimination of most of what was left of the second generation, as six of the remaining eleven artists were eliminated (Andrea, Ana Lucía, Alejandra, Adrián, Azeneth and Enrique). 11 singers of the first generation still remained. Concert 4- María Inés (1st Generation) who had sung "7 de Septiembre", by Mecano, and received fairly good critics was eliminated. Concert 5- Víctor, winner of the 2nd place in the first generation, and one of the favorites in the competition decided to quit, as medical reasons disabled him to continue in the competition. Concert 6- The elimination of Fredi, finalist in the second generation, left only four second generation singers left in the competition. Concert 7- Manuel, third place in the second generation, was eliminated. Concert 8- The eight concert saw once again the elimination of a second generation finalist, this time it was Rosalía, who had already surpassed expectations after beating Manuel and Fredi, both of which had received a better place in the second generation finale. Concert 9- Once again, a finalist of La academia 2 was eliminated, this time Marco, runner-up in the Academia 2 finale. Concert 10- Concert 10 was full of expectation as most fans believed Erika, the only second generation singer left in the competition, would be eliminated, however it was Héctor, last place in the original Academia, who was eliminated. Concert 11- Shocking results took place in the eleventh concert as Miguel Ángel, third place in the first Academia, was ousted by the other eight singers. Concert 12- Laura, 9th place in the original Academia, and initially one of the public's favorites, lost support and was eliminated. Concert 13- Toñita, who missed out at the last moment in becoming one of the finalists in the first Academia, again, was eliminated at the last moment. Concert 14- Raúl, another first generation singer and one of the favorites to reach the finale was eliminated in a very close competition. This left four Academia 1 singers and 1 Academia 2 singers in the finale. Finale The finale, which was broadcast live from Monterrey, Nuevo León, was a clear display of the full potential of the network, which garnished better results than the program in the competing network, the Mexican version of Big Brother. The rating was far superior for the Desafío and caused major changes in Televisa. At the end, after singing songs from their albums, as well as new, classic Latin songs, Yahir took the night and beat out Myriam, the public's clear favorite, who was also ousted by Nadia, winner of the second place. Desafío de Estrellas 2006 Participants - 32 (finale June 25, 2006) Winner - Toñita (La Academia 1) Runner-Up - Erasmo (La Academia 4) Third Place - Raúl (La Academia 1) Some time after the end of the 4th version of La Academia, and in order to compete with Televisa's highly successful Cantando por un sueño (Singing for A Dream), TV Azteca announced the production of a new version of the Desafío. This time, however, not only would the competition be between former Academia singers, but also with artists released in the late 90s by the network. The 2006 version of the Desafío was less successful than the first, mostly because of the competition and high ratings of Cantando por un Sueño of Televisa. To increase ratings and, therefore, revenues, the network tried implementing new mechanics into the show. For example, in every show the judges were to choose "the best singer of the night", who would win 30,000 pesos (approximately twenty-nine hundred dollars), also, for six concerts the judges were to choose one singer who would be a participant of a grand concert in the Metropolitan, one of the most important auditoriums in the country. Controversy arose after the judges eliminated Yuridia, the clear favorite to win, because she did not appear in Concert 8. Several sources of the Mexican media and some shows, especially from Televisa, claimed the producers planned the whole thing to improve ratings for the show. Bad rumors about the Desafío also arose when Jolette, controversial former Academia participant, claimed Cynthia, attractive Desafío participant, was being supported by one of the producers, who prevented her elimination from the competition. (Cynthia was eliminated before the final round, she was not one of the final six contestants. Cynthia organized a concert to benefit the families of miners killed in an accident in Coahuila. Many of the top contestants of Desafío de Estrellas participated, and Cynthia was able to donate ten thousand pesos each to every family who lost a loved one in the disaster.) Contestants Concerts Throughout 25 concerts, the first one airing on January 8, 2006, 32 contestants (being Yuridia the favorite) competed to become one of the 6 finalists who would compete for a grand prize of three million pesos (300,000 dollars). In these concerts, three participants were chosen three times as the best singer of the night, Adrián, Aranza, and Erasmo Catarino. Also, six participants were chosen for a major concert in The Metropolitan, an important auditorium in Mexico City: Erasmo Catarino, Cynthia, Estrella, Miguel Ángel, Aranza and Raúl. Concert 1- January 8, 2006 Eliminated- None Concert 2- January 15, 2006 Eliminated- Rosalía (2003 Version Participant), Cesar, Cecilia Concert 3- January 22, 2006 Eliminated- Melissa, Sylvia, Paula Concert 4- January 29, 2006 Eliminated- Marco, Manuel (2003 Version Participant), José Antonio (2003 Version Participant) Concert 5- February 5, 2006 Eliminated- Aline, Leticia, Dulce, Claudia Pelayo, Tony SánchezConcert 6- February 12, 2006Eliminated- José LuisConcert 7- February 19, 2006Eliminated- EdgarConcert 8- February 26, 2006Eliminated- YuridiaChosen for Concert- Erasmo CatarinoConcert 9- March 5, 2006Eliminated- José Luis Graterol (from Musical group UFF)Singer of the Night- Miguel Ángel (2003 Version Participant)Concert 10- March 12, 2006Eliminated- Erika (2003 Version 4th place)Singer of the Night- ErikaChosen for Concert- CynthiaConcert 11- March 19, 2006Eliminated- BenjamínSinger of the Night- CarlosChosen for Concert- Estrella (2003 Version 5th Place)Concert 12- March 26, 2006Eliminated- NoneSinger of the Night- EstrellaChosen for Concert- Miguel ÁngelConcert 13- April 2, 2006Eliminated- EstrellaSinger of the Night- Nadia(2003 Version 2nd Place)Chosen for Concert- Raúl (2003 Version Participant)Concert 14- April 9, 2006Eliminated- NadiaSinger of the Night- AdriánConcert 15- April 16, 2006Eliminated- None (Jose Joel Chosen Worst Singer of the night)Singer of the Night- AranzaConcert 16- April 23, 2006Eliminated- Jose JoelSinger of the Night- CynthiaConcert 17- April 30, 2006 Special concert, with no eliminations, because of Children's Day, very special in Mexican culture and in which every artist sung with their "kid double", a child look-alike with high vocal capacity.Eliminated- NoneSinger of the Night- AranzaConcert 18- May 7, 2006Eliminated- Alejandra LeySinger of the Night- AranzaConcert 19- May 14, 2006Eliminated- NoneSinger of the Night- RaúlSinger of the Night (Ranchera Song)- AdriánConcert 20- May 21, 2006Eliminated- Miguel ÁngelSinger of the Night- Erasmo CatarinoConcert 21- May 28, 2006Eliminated- NoneConcert 22- June 4, 2006Eliminated- AdriánSinger of the Night- Erasmo CatarinoConcert 23- June 11, 2006Eliminated- CynthiaConcert 24- June 18, 2006 Special concert in which 5 of the eliminated singers would compete to become the 6th finalist in the finale. Jose Joel, at the last moment, retired from the competition. Therefore, only four artists: Alejandra, Cynthia, Miguel Ángel and Adrián would compete in the 24th concert.Eliminated- Ale Ley, Cynthia, and Miguel Ángel, eliminated in previous concerts, who were competing for a place in the finale6th Finalist- Adrián, became the 6th finalist in of the Desafío finale.Best Singer of the Night- Erasmo Catarino Finale The Desafío de Estrellas finale took place on June 25, 2006 with the final five participants competing to win the grand prize: Antonia Salazar (Toñita), who did not make it to the finale on La Academia 1 or the Desafío 2003,Erasmo Catarino, winner of La Academia 4, Raúl, who did not make it to the finale on La Academia 1 or the Desafío 2003, Carlos, La Academia 3 winner, Adrián, third place in La Academia 4 and Aranza, the only non-Academia participant left in the competition. After singing two songs each (their best song throughout the competition and a new song), and after a close competition between the six finalists, the results were revealed: Raúl Sandoval received the third place prize. Erasmo Catarino was chosen by the public as the runner-up. Toñita was chosen by the public as the winner. This Desafío finale was not as successful as that of the 2003 version because of the competition with the rival channel's show, Cantando por un Sueño...Reyes de La Cancion (Singing for A Dream...Kings of the Song). The Third Desafío de Estrellas has been announced to premiere on April 19, 2009 Rafael Araneda From La Academia Ultima Generación will host the third edition the show will be called "El Gran Desafío." El Gran Desafío de EstrellasParticipants - 50Winner - Fabiola (La Academia 6)Runner-Up - Myriam (La Academia 1)Third Place' - Samuel (La Academia 5) The 2009 version of the Desafío de Estrellas'' was producer by Eva Borja and counts with 50 artist Concerts The next table shows only contestants from la academia Two Years Later Erick Sandoval became Season 9 Winner Colette, Atala, Travieso, Juan Rivera, Toñita, Erasmo, Cynthia, Jorge, G6, Luis Armando, Ivone Montero, Las Reinas, Raúl Sandoval, La Posta and others were the original cast, but during the concert seven, eight new contestestants were added – some like Myriam, Nadia, Fabiola, Banda Mix, Miguel Ángel, Aline Hernández. External links Desafío de Estrellas website Mexican music television series La Academia	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desafio%20de%20Estrellas
James Barry-Murphy (born 22 August 1954) is an Irish hurling manager and former hurler, Gaelic footballer and association football player. He was the manager of the senior Cork county hurling team from 2011 to 2015, returning a decade after his first tenure as manager. Barry-Murphy is regarded as one of the most iconic players in the history of Gaelic games. He established himself as a dual player with the St Finbarr's club. A dual four-time All-Ireland medallist with the St Finbarr's senior teams, Barry-Murphy also won a combined total of five Munster medals and ten championship medals. Barry-Murphy made his debut on the inter-county scene at the age of sixteen when he first linked up with the Cork minor teams as a dual player. An All-Ireland medallist in both codes, he later won a combined total of three All-Ireland medals with the under-21 teams. Barry-Murphy made his senior football debut during the 1973 championship. He went on to play a key role for Cork in attack and won one All-Ireland medal, four Munster medals and one National Football League medal. Barry-Murphy's eleven-year career with the Cork senior hurlers saw him win five All-Ireland medals, a record-equaling ten Munster medals and two National Hurling League medals. He was an All-Ireland runner-up on two occasions. As a member of the Munster inter-provincial team in both codes, Barry-Murphy won a combined total of five Railway Cup medals. Throughout his inter-county career he made 57 championship appearances. Barry-Murphy retired from inter-county activity on 2 April 1987. Following a successful tenure as manager of the Cork minor team, culminating in the winning of the All-Ireland title, Barry-Murphy was appointed manager of the Cork senior team in October 1995. His first tenure saw a return to success, with Cork winning one All-Ireland Championship, two Munster Championships and one National League, before stepping down as manager on 8 November 2000. Barry-Murphy subsequently had unsuccessful tenures as coach with the St Finbarr's and Cloughduv club teams. Over a decade after stepping down as Cork manager, Barry-Murphy was appointed for a second stint as Cork manager on 7 September 2011. Once again his managerial reign saw a return to success, with Cork winning one Munster Championship. On the 26 August 2015 Barry Murphy was inducted into the GAA Hall of Fame. Early life Coming from a family of six – including brothers John, Denis, Barry and sisters Miriam and Frances – Barry-Murphy was born into a family steeped in hurling tradition. His granduncle, Dinny Barry-Murphy, was the most successful of the family. He captained Cork and won four All-Ireland titles in the 1920s and 1930s. His grandfather, Finbarr Barry-Murphy, also played with Cork while his father, John Barry-Murphy, won an All-Ireland title in the junior grade with Cork in 1940. He was educated at Colaiste an Spiorad Naoimh in Bishopstown, where he had little success at colleges level. Club career Barry-Murphy played his club hurling and football with the famous St Finbarr's club on the south-side of Cork city. In a hugely successful career spanning two decades, he won every honour in the game. Hurling After a largely unsuccessful underage career with 'the Barr's', Barry-Murphy had joined the club's senior team by 1972. His career got off to an inauspicious start that year when he was sent off in a club game and received a two-month suspension. In 1974 Barry-Murphy won his first county club championship winners' medal following a 2–17 to 2–14 defeat of arch-rivals Blackrock. He later collected a Munster winners' medal before making a clean sweep by adding an All-Ireland winners' medal to his collection following a 3–8 to 1–6 defeat of the Fenians. Another clean sweep of hurling titles followed for Barry-Murphy in the 1977–78 club championship season. A 1–17 to 1–5 trouncing of north-side rivals Glen Rovers was followed by a Munster final victory over Sixmilebrisge after a replay. He subsequently added a second All-Ireland winners' medal to his collection. His goal from a rebound in that game was the deciding factor in sealing the victory over Wexford's Rathnure. After a brief hiatus St Finbarr's were back in the big time again in 1980. Barry-Murphy won a third county club championship winners' medal as Glen Rovers fell in the final. A third Munster title was later annexed before facing Ballyhale Shamrocks in the All-Ireland final. Not even a late goal from Barry-Murphy, however, could seal a victory over the Kilkenny outfit and 'the Barr's' lost by 1–15 to 1–11. That 1980 county club championship success was the first of three such victories-in-a-row for Barry-Murphy and St Finbarr's. He won his final county championship in 1988 following a 3–18 to 2–14 defeat of old rivals Glen Rovers. Gaelic football Barry-Murphy's club football career began at under-age level in 1971 when he won a Cork Minor Football Championship winners' medal following a defeat of St Colman's. Two years later in 1973 he added a club football under-21 championship winners' medal to his collection when 'the Barr's' defeated Bandon by 4–6 to 2–6. At senior level Barry-Murphy won his first county club championship winners' medal in 1976 following a 1–10 to 1–7 defeat of St Michael's. Three years later in 1979 St Finbarr's made a clean sweep of football titles. Barry-Murphy collected a second club football championship winners' medal before securing a Munster winners' medal following a defeat of Kilrush Shamrocks. A subsequent 3–9 to 0–8 defeat of St Grellan's gave Barry-Murphy an All-Ireland winners' medal. That victory gave him the distinction of being a dual All-Ireland club medalist. The 1980–81 club championship season saw St Finbarr's make another clean sweep of county, provincial and All-Ireland titles. They were his last major victories as a member of 'the Barr's' senior football team. Inter-county career Barry-Murphy had a hugely successful dual career with Cork. From his debut with the senior football team in 1973 to his retirement from the senior hurling team in 1986, he won every honour in the game. Gaelic football He first came to prominence on the inter-county scene as a member of the Cork minor football team in 1971. He won his first Munster winner' medal that year before later lining out in the All-Ireland decider. Mayo provided the opposition and defeated Cork by 2–15 to 2–7. Barry-Murphy was still eligible for the minor grade again in 1972. He added a second Munster winners' medal to his collection that year before later playing in his second consecutive All-Ireland final. Tyrone were the opponents, however, Cork claimed the title by 3–11 to 2–11. After joining the Cork under-21 football team, Barry-Murphy enjoyed further success. After back-to-back defeats in the provincial deciders of 1972 and 1973, he finally secured a Munster winners' medal in 1974 following a defeat of Kerry. By this stage Barry-Murphy had joined the Cork senior football team. He was just eighteen years old when he made his senior championship debut in 1973. It was a successful year for the young player as he won his first Munster winners' medal following a 5–12 to 1–15 thrashing of arch-rivals Kerry. Barry-Murphy later lined out with Cork in an All-Ireland final against Galway and proved to be one of the stars of the game, scoring the first of his two goals after just two minutes. One of these goals, where he receives a pass, cheekily solos the ball and waits to pick a spot in the net was chosen as one of RTÉ's Top 20 GAA Moments in 2005. Cork eventually defeated Galway by 3–17 to 2–13 and Barry-Murphy collected an All-Ireland winners' medal. Barry-Murphy won a second consecutive Munster winners' medal in 1974 and it appeared that Cork footballers were about to become a dominant force. Their championship ambitions came to an end in the All-Ireland semi-final with a defeat by eventual All-Ireland champions Dublin. Cork's footballers lost the next six Munster finals against a resurgent Kerry team. In spite of this lack of championship success Barry-Murphy added a National League winners' medal to his collection in 1980. He retired from inter-county football later that same year. Hurling Barry-Murphy's inter-county hurling career began as a member of the Cork minor hurling team in 1971. He won a Munster winners' medal in that grade that year before later playing in the All-Ireland final. A 2–11 to 1–11 defeat of Kilkenny gave Barry-Murphy an All-Ireland winners' medal. 1972 saw Cork make it three-in-a-row in Munster, with Barry-Murphy winning his second consecutive provincial winners' medal. He later lined out in a second consecutive All-Ireland decider. Kilkenny gained their revenge for the previous year's defeat by winning the game by 8–7 to 3–9. After joining the Cork under-21 hurling team, Barry-Murphy enjoyed further success. He won a Munster winners' medal in this grade in 1973 before playing in his first All-Ireland final in that grade. Wexford provided the opposition, however, Cork won by 2–10 to 4–2 and Barry-Murphy secured an All-Ireland winners' medal in that grade. Two years later in 1975 Barry-Murphy added a second Munster under-21 winners' medal to his collection before playing in his second All-Ireland final. Kilkenny, however, won the game by 5–13 to 2–19 in what was Barry-Murphy's last game in the under-21 grade. 1975 also saw Barry-Murphy make his championship debut for the Cork senior hurling team. He won his first Munster senior winners' medal that year following a 3–15 to 0–12 defeat of Limerick. Cork later looked set for an All-Ireland appearance; however, Galway secured a shock victory. The following year Barry-Murphy secured a second Munster winners' medal with another huge 4–14 to 3–5 win over Limerick. This victory allowed Cork to advance directly to the All-Ireland final where Wexford provided the opposition. Cork got off to the worst possible start in an All-Ireland final and trailed by 2–2 after six minutes. Cork battled back, however, the game hung in the balance for much of the seventy minutes. With ten minutes left Wexford were two points to the good, however, three points by Barry-Murphy, two by Pat Moylan and a kicked effort from captain Ray Cummins gave Cork a 2–21 to 4–11 victory. It was Barry-Murphy's first All-Ireland winners' medal. In 1977 Barry-Murphy won a third consecutive Munster winners' medal before lining out in a second All-Ireland final. Wexford were the opponents once again and, like the previous year, the game turned into a close, exciting affair. A Seánie O'Leary goal, together with some brilliant saves by goalkeeper Martin Coleman helped Cork to a 1–17 to 3–8 victory and a second All-Ireland winners' medal for Barry-Murphy. Cork dominated the championship again in 1978 with Barry-Murphy winning a fourth consecutive Munster winners' medal. This victory paved the way for Cork to take on Kilkenny in the subsequent All-Ireland final. The stakes were high as Cork were attempting to capture a first three in-a-row of championship titles since 1954. Cork were never really troubled over the course of the seventy minutes and a Barry-Murphy goal helped the team to a 1–15 to 2–8 victory over their age-old rivals. It was his third All-Ireland winners' medal. In 1979 Cork were invincible in the provincial championship once again with Barry-Murphy winning a fifth successive Munster title following a 2–15 to 0–9 defeat of Limerick. Cork's quest for a record-equaling four-in-a-row came to an end with a defeat by Galway in the All-Ireland semi-final. Cork lost their provincial crown in 1980, however, Barry-Murphy continued with his winning ways by capturing a National Hurling League winners' medal. He won a second National Hurling League title in 1981, however, Cork were defeated in the provincial championship once again. In 1982 Cork were back and Barry-Murphy, who was now captain of the team, won his sixth Munster winners' medal following a 5–31 to 3–6 trouncing of Waterford. The subsequent All-Ireland final saw Cork take on Kilkenny and in spite of being underdogs Kilkenny won courtesy of two Christy Heffernan goals in a forty-second spell. In 1983 Cork's run of provincial success continued. Barry-Murphy won a seventh Munster winners' medal before leading his team in a second All-Ireland final against Kilkenny. Kilkenny dominated the opening half while Cork came storming back with goals by Tomás Mulcahy and Seánie O'Leary. 'The Cats' eventually won by two points. 1984 was a special year in the annals of Gaelic games as it was the centenary year of the Gaelic Athletic Association. The year began well with Barry-Murphy helping his team to victory in the special Centenary Cup competition. An eight Munster winners' medal soon followed for him as Cork defeated Tipperary by 4–15 to 3–14 in a memorable Munster final. The subsequent All-Ireland final, played at Semple Stadium in Thurles, saw Cork take on Offaly for the first time ever in championship history. The centenary-year final failed to live up to expectations and Cork recorded a relatively easy 3–16 to 1–12 victory with Barry-Murphy winning his fourth All-Ireland winners' medal. Barry-Murphy added a ninth Munster winners' medal to his collection in 1985, however, Galway shocked Cork once again in an All-Ireland semi-final. By 1986 Barry-Murphy was entering the twilight of his career. That year a defeat of Clare by Cork made it five-in-a-row in Munster, with Barry-Murphy collecting a record-equaling tenth provincial winners' medal. An All-Ireland final against Galway with the men from the west being regarded as the red-hot favourites against an ageing Cork team, however, on the day a different story unfolded. Four Cork goals, one from John Fenton, two from Tomás Mulcahy and one from Kevin Hennessy, stymied the Galway attack and helped 'the Rebels' to a 4–13 to 2–15 victory. It was Barry-Murphy's fifth and final All-Ireland winners' medal. On 2 April 1987, Barry-Murphy announced his retirement from inter-county hurling. The announcement, edged in black, was spread across page one of the national newspapers in a style more familiar to the death of world leaders. The first modern Gaelic games superstar had finally retired. Inter-provincial career Barry-Murphy was a regular with the Munster inter-provincial football team between 1974 and 1979. After losing out at the semi-final stage in his debut year, he went on to win four Railway Cup winners' medals in-a-row over the next four seasons. The quest for a fifth successive title ended with a defeat in the final. After leaving the inter-provincial football team Barry-Murphy was picked for three successive seasons as a member of the inter-provincial hurling team. He won a Railway Cup winners' medal in that code in his final year on the team in 1981. Association football Barry-Murphy played association football with his local club, Wilton. He also lined out with Cork Celtic, the losing FAI Cup finalists of 1969, and had a successful few months. Managerial career In retirement from inter-county activity Barry-Murphy became a popular analyst on The Sunday Game in the late 1980s and early 1990s. In the mid-1990s he took charge of the Cork minor hurling team. Barry-Murphy oversaw an upturn in success for the county in this grade. In his first year in charge in 1994 he guided the county to a Munster title, however, his side were later defeated by Galway in the All-Ireland final. In 1995 Barry-Murphy's side retained their Munster title. The subsequent championship decider saw Cork take on old rivals Kilkenny. On this occasion the All-Ireland title went to Barry-Murphy's team. Cork Barry-Murphy's success at minor level led him to being appointed manager of the Cork senior team in late 1995. The appointment of Tom Cashman and Johnny Crowley as selectors led to the managerial team being referred to as the 'dream team.' Barry-Murphy's tenure in charge of his county's senior team got off to a less than successful start. In their opening game of the Munster Championship Cork were defeated by Limerick at Páirc Uí Chaoimh. Even more humiliating was the fact that it was the first time in 75 years that Cork had been beaten at home in the championship. Things improved slightly in 1997. In the Munster semi-final Cork were trailing Clare by a single point and looked capable of winning or at least securing a draw. With just a few second remaining Clare scored a goal and ended Cork's championship hopes for another year. In 1998, the defeats of the previous two seasons put Barry-Murphy and his selectors under pressure to deliver. A successful National Hurling League campaign saw Cork reach the final of that competition and defeat Waterford in the final. This success meant that the team went into the championship with great expectations, however, the Munster semi-final saw Clare defeat Cork on a score line of 0–21 to 0–14. For the sixth year in-a-row Cork had failed to make it to the All-Ireland series. 1999 was make-or-break year for Barry-Murphy. He introduced a host of new players and one of the youngest Cork teams ever took to the field in the championship. The Munster final saw Cork take on Clare, a team that had defeated them at the semi-final stage in 1997 and 1998. Clare entered the game as the red-hot favourites and as possible All-Ireland contenders, however, a younger Cork team finally triumphed and Barry-Murphy finally led his team to a senior Munster title. Cork defeated reigning All-Ireland champions Offaly by three points in the All-Ireland semi-final before reaching the championship decider with Kilkenny. The game, played in atrocious conditions, proved to be an anti-climax. Cork were victorious by a single point and Barry-Murphy had finally led his county back to the All-Ireland title. In 2000 Barry-Murphy's Cork retained their Munster title. In spite of Tipperary scoring three goals Cork outscored Tipp by 0–23 to 3–12. Once again, the experts predicted a Cork-Kilkenny final, however, Offaly were waiting in the All-Ireland semi-final and duly defeated Cork. This was Barry-Murphy's last game in charge as he resigned as manager shortly afterwards. On 6 September 2011, Barry-Murphy was re-appointed as Cork senior hurling team manager with a contract until the end of the 2014 campaign. Cork won their first Munster hurling title since 2006 in 2014 but lost out to Tipperary in the All-Ireland Semi-final. In October 2014, it was confirmed that Barry-Murphy would be staying on until the end of the 2016 season. In August 2015, Barry-Murphy announced that he had stepped down as manager of the Cork senior hurling team. Tributes flowed in from GAA figures in Cork and nationwide. His four seasons in charge had seen Cork win one Munster title, reach two Allianz Hurling League Finals, two All Ireland Semi-Finals and the 2013 All Ireland Hurling Final. Personal life He currently works as a director for Southern Business Finance, where his colleagues include All-Ireland winners Dinny Allen and Brian Murphy. Barry-Murphy is married to Jean Kennefick, daughter of All-Ireland-winning captain Mick Kennefick, and they have four children – Brian, Deirdre, Ann and Orla. Apart from Gaelic games he has a major interest in greyhound racing and is a director of Cork Greyhound Stadium. In May 2021 he received a Hall of Fame award for services to greyhound racing. Honours Club St Finbarr's All-Ireland Senior Club Hurling Championship (2): 1974-75, 1977-78 All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship (2): 1978–79, 1979–80 Munster Senior Club Hurling Championship (3): 1974, 1977, 1980 Munster Senior Club Football Championship (2): 1979, 1980 Cork Senior Club Hurling Championship (7): 1974, 1977, 1980, 1981, 1982, 1984, 1988 Cork Senior Club Football Championship (3): 1976, 1979, 1980 Inter-county Cork (senior) All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (5): 1976, 1977, 1978, 1984, 1986 All-Ireland Senior Football Championship (1): 1973 Munster Senior Hurling Championship (10): 1975, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1979, 1982 (c), 1983 (c), 1984, 1985, 1986 Munster Senior Football Championship (2): 1973, 1974 National Hurling League (2): 1979–80, 1980–81 National Football League (1): 1979–80 Cork (under-21) All-Ireland Under-21 Hurling Championship (1): 1973 Munster Under-21 Hurling Championship (2): 1973, 1975 Munster Under-21 Football Championship (2): 1974 (c) Cork (minor) All-Ireland Minor Hurling Championship (1): 1971 All-Ireland Minor Football Championship (1): 1972 Munster Minor Hurling Championship (2): 1971, 1972 Munster Minor Football Championship (2): 1971, 1972 Inter-provincial Munster (hurling) Railway Cup (1): 1981 Munster (football) Railway Cup (1): 1975, 1976, 1977, 1978 Other awards GAA Hall of Fame Inductee: 2015 References 1954 births Living people All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship winners Men's association football players not categorized by position Jimmy Cork Celtic F.C. players Cork inter-county Gaelic footballers Cork inter-county hurlers Dual players Gaelic footballers who switched code Gaelic games writers and broadcasters Hurling managers League of Ireland players Munster inter-provincial hurlers People in greyhound racing Republic of Ireland men's association footballers St Finbarr's hurlers St Finbarr's Gaelic footballers Association footballers from County Cork	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimmy%20Barry-Murphy
Samuel Walter Bogley III (November 16, 1941 – March 10, 2022) was the third lieutenant governor of Maryland from 1979 to 1983 under Governor Harry Hughes. He had previously served in various local and state level offices in Maryland, including as a commissioner and county councilman of Prince George's County. Hughes' 1979 gubernatorial candidacy was a long-shot, and he had a hard time recruiting a running mate; Bogley was reportedly the tenth person he asked. Even before taking office, the two clashed over abortion rights, which Hughes supported and Bogley opposed. Bogley was required to promise in writing not to contradict Hughes on any issue during their term. For his second term, Hughes chose Sen. J. Joseph Curran Jr. as his running mate and Bogley ran unsuccessfully for lieutenant governor in the Democratic primary with gubernatorial candidate Sen. Harry McGuirk. After leaving office as Lieutenant Governor, Bogley practiced law in Beltsville, Maryland. In September 1988, President Ronald Reagan nominated him to serve on the Merit Systems Protection Board. The 100th Congress did not act on the nomination before adjourning for the year in October. Bogley received a one-year recess appointment to the board in November 1988, good until the next congressional adjournment. When the 101st Congress convened in January 1989, the departing President Reagan renominated Bogley. His recess appointment expired in November 1989 and his nomination was withdrawn by the Bush administration in January 1990. 35 years after leaving office as Lt. Governor, Bogley filed as a candidate for Prince George's County Executive in February 2018. He finished last out of nine candidates in the June 26, 2018 Democratic primary, receiving just 0.2% of the votes cast. When asked about the purpose of his candidacy at his advanced stage in life, Bogley stated that he simply added his name to the ballot "to provide a choice to my fellow generation of Democrats". Bogley received his education from Duke University, the University of Maryland, College Park, and the University of Baltimore School of Law. He received his Juris Doctor degree from the University of Baltimore in 1967, and was admitted to the Maryland Bar in 1968. He married Rita Brady and has eight children. Bogley died on March 10, 2022, aged 80, in Bowie, Maryland. References 1941 births University of Maryland, College Park alumni Duke University alumni Lieutenant Governors of Maryland Living people People from Beltsville, Maryland University of Baltimore School of Law alumni	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel%20Bogley
Casper's First Christmas is a 1979 animated Christmas television special and crossover produced by Hanna-Barbera. It features Casper the Friendly Ghost and his friend Hairy Scarey from the animated series Casper and the Angels. The special features guest stars Yogi Bear, Boo-Boo, Huckleberry Hound, Snagglepuss, Quick Draw McGraw, and Augie Doggie and Doggie Daddy. It aired on NBC on December 18, 1979. The theme song, "Comin' Up Christmas Time", sung by Yogi's pals was used again a year later in Yogi's First Christmas, depicting a different premise in which Yogi and Boo Boo (who, being bears are supposed to be hibernating in the winter) can be seen celebrating Christmas with the other cast members. "Comin' Up Christmas Time" was released on Hanna-Barbera's Christmas Sing-A-Long album on CD and cassette in 1991 and is currently on various streaming services. This also marked the first and only time that this special pairs together the characters from its owners, Hanna-Barbera and Harvey Entertainment. Like many animated series created by Hanna-Barbera in the 1970s, the show contained a laugh track created by the studio. Network Ten aired the special in Australia. Plot Casper and his friend Hairy Scary are in a house about to be demolished on Christmas Eve and go out to look for a new place to move to after Christmas in California. Then Yogi and his friends get lost and arrive at Casper and Hairy's house and clean and decorate it to celebrate Christmas. Then Casper befriends Yogi and company only for Hairy to try to ruin the party with Casper and his new friends. Then Hairy has a change of heart and celebrates Christmas with Casper and his new friends and ending with Santa Claus saving the house and turning it into Hairy's Haunting Lodge. Cast Julie McWhirter as Casper The Friendly Ghost Daws Butler as Yogi Bear / Huckleberry Hound / Quick Draw McGraw / Snagglepuss / Augie Doggie Don Messick as Boo-Boo Bear Hal Smith as Santa Claus John Stephenson as Hairy Scary The Ghost / Doggie Daddy Paul DeKorte as Singer Ida Sue McCune as Singer Michael Redman as Singer Home media Turner Home Entertainment released Casper's First Christmas on VHS on September 26, 1995. Warner Bros. released Hanna-Barbera Christmas Classics Collection on DVD in region 1 via their Warner Archive Collection in July 2012; this was a Manufacture-on-Demand (MOD) release, available exclusively through Warner's online store and only in the US. This collection features a trilogy of Christmas specials: Casper's First Christmas, The Town That Santa Forgot and A Christmas Story. VHS release dates December 4, 1986 (Worldvision Home Video) December 3, 1987 (Worldvision Home Video/Kids Klassics Home Video) September 26, 1995 (Turner Home Entertainment) September 29, 1998 (Warner Home Video) November 2, 1999 (Warner Home Video) October 31, 2000 (Warner Home Video) October 16, 2001 (Warner Home Video) DVD release date July 31, 2012 (Warner Home Video/Warner Archive) See also Casper's Halloween Special Casper and the Angels References External links Casper's First Christmas at The Big Cartoon DataBase 1979 television specials 1970s American television specials 1970s animated television specials Animated crossover television specials Harvey Comics series and characters Hanna-Barbera television specials NBC television specials Yogi Bear films Huckleberry Hound specials Ghosts in television Casper the Friendly Ghost films Yogi Bear television specials Hanna-Barbera animated films American Christmas television specials Animated Christmas television specials Santa Claus in television Films directed by Carl Urbano	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casper%27s%20First%20Christmas
Casper's Halloween Special (also known as Casper Saves Halloween and Casper the Friendly Ghost: He Ain't Scary, He's Our Brother) is a 1979 animated Halloween television special produced by Hanna-Barbera featuring Casper the Friendly Ghost and his friend Hairy Scarey from the animated series Casper and the Angels. The special was directed by Carl Urbano and premiered on NBC on October 30, 1979. Like many animated series created by Hanna-Barbera in the 1970s, the show contained a laugh track created by the studio. Plot On Halloween night, Hairy Scary the Ghost, Winifred the Witch and Screech the Ghost are plotting their mean-spirited spookings. Casper refuses to join them and decides to go trick-or-treating dressed as a real boy, but neighborhood kids see through his disguise and run away in fear. Casper is heartbroken until he meets a special group of orphans who accept him for who he is, a ghost. Their fun is soon spoiled as Hairy Scarey and his ghostly crew interfere. Now it is up to Casper and his new friends to stop their ghastly games and save Halloween before it is too late. Cast Julie McWhirter as Casper The Friendly Ghost John Stephenson as Hairy Scary The Ghost / The Butler / Rural Man Hal Smith as Mr. Duncan / Skull Diane McCannon as J.R. Marilyn Schreffler as Winifred The Witch Frank Welker as Black Cat / Nice Man / Dog Ginny Tyler as Lovella / Bejewelled Dowager / Rural Lady Lucille Bliss as Gervais / Carmelita / Nice Lady Michael Sheehan as Screech The Ghost Greg Alter as Dirk Production credits Executive Producers: William Hanna and Joseph Barbera Producer: Alex Lovy Associate Producer: Doug Paterson Director: Carl Urbano Story: Larz Bourne, Bob Ogle Story Direction: Don Sheppard, Greg Marshall Recording Director: Art Scott Voices: Greg Alter, Lucille Bliss, Hal Smith, Ginny Tyler, Frank Welker, Diann McCannon, Julie McWhirter, Marilyn Schreffler, Michael Sheehan, John Stephenson Musical sequences directed by: Art Scott Musical Director: Hoyt Curtin Musical Supervisor: Paul DeKorte Character Design: Don Morgan Sound Directors: Richard Olson, Bill Getty Layout Director: Steve Lumley Layout: Joe Shearer, Shane Porteus, Deane Taylor Animation Director: Geoffrey Collins Key Animators: Peter Gardiner, Gerry Grabner, Greg Ingram, Paul Maron, Henry Neville Animators: Susan Beak, Gairden Cooke, Dick Dunn, Peter Eastment, Don Ezard, Nicholas Harding, Chris Hague, Pamela Lofts, Peter Luschwitz, Paul Mason, Paul McAdam, John Martin, Ray Nowland, Vivien Ray, Andrew Szermenyei, Jean Tych, Kaye Watts Assistant Animation Supervisor: Martin Chatfield Assistant Animators: Jac Appel, Paul Baker, Fernando Bernia, Mark Benvenuti, Astrid Brennan, Jo-Anne Beresford, Rodney D'Silva, Marc Erasmus, John Eyley, Eva Helischer, Ian Harrowell, John Hull, Denise Kirkham, Lucie Laarakkers, Jane LeRossignol, Steve Lyons, Helen McAdam, Marie Orr, Kevin Peaty, Philip Pepper, Cliff Seeto, Stella Wakil, Geoff White, Milan Zahorsky Supervising Director: Chris Cuddington Animation Checking: Narelle Nimon, Ellen Bailey, Liz Lane, Frances Mould, Renee Robinson Backgrounds: Richard Zaloudek, Sue Speer, Jerry Liew, Ken Wright, Milan Zahorsky Snr., Zdenka Ebner Production Co-ordinator: Judy Cross Production Control: Vicki Joyce Xerox: Jack Pietruska Paint: Narelle Derrick Paint Check: Liz Goodwin Camera: Mark D'Arcy-Irvine, Virginia Browne, Carole Laird, Garry Page, Jan Cregan, Sean Bell Editing: Robert Claglia Supervising Film Editor: Larry C. Cowan Dubbing Supervisor: Pat Foley Music Editors: Terry Moore, Joe Sandusky Effects Editors: Julia Bagdonas, Sue Brown, Catherine MacKenzie Show Editor: Gil Iverson Negative Consultant: William E. DeBoer Post Production Supervisor: Joed Eaton Home media Turner Home Entertainment released Casper Saves Halloween on VHS on August 29, 1995. Warner Bros. released Casper's Halloween Special on DVD in region 1 via their Warner Archive Collection in October 2013. This is a manufacture-on-demand (MOD) release, available exclusively through Warner's online store and Amazon.com. Also included on this disc is the 1972 special The Thanksgiving That Almost Wasn't, also produced by Hanna-Barbera. Currently the special is streaming on the Boomerang streaming service in the films section. See also Casper's First Christmas Casper and the Angels References External links 1979 television specials 1970s American television specials 1970s animated television specials Halloween television specials Harvey Comics series and characters Hanna-Barbera television specials NBC television specials Ghosts in television Casper the Friendly Ghost films Films directed by Carl Urbano	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casper%27s%20Halloween%20Special
Jay Scott Walker (born November 5, 1955) is an American entrepreneur and chairman of Walker Digital, a privately held research and development lab focused on using digital networks to create new business systems. Walker is also curator of TEDMED since 2011, and a founder of Priceline.com (now known as Booking Holdings) and Synapse Group, Inc. In 2000, Forbes estimated his net worth at $1.6 billion. By October 2000, his estimated worth was down to $333 million. As of 2013, he is not on the Forbes list of the world's billionaires. A 1999 Forbes profile of Walker noted his reliance on patents as a business model. When developing patents, Walker uses a methodology that streamlines the process of identifying problems and developing their solutions. By pulling apart and eliminating "false problems", the methodology identifies solutions, which - according to Walker - have sustainable components that can lead to a long-term sustainable business. Walker owns 12 business method patents and 240 others pending. Early life Walker attended Cornell University where he majored in Industrial and Labor Relations and was a member of the Quill and Dagger society and the Sigma Phi Society. He graduated with a bachelor's degree in 1978. While at Cornell, Walker was president of the Ivy League Monopoly Association, and co-authored the book 1000 Ways to Win Monopoly Games, with future Cornell president Jeffrey S. Lehman. This drew the ire of Parker Brothers, who threatened legal action and denied Walker admission to its sanctioned Monopoly tournaments. This in turn led Walker to join forces with Ralph Anspach, the inventor of Anti-Monopoly, who was also engaged in a legal battle with Parker Brothers. Business career Synapse In 1992 Walker and Michael Loeb co-founded New Sub Services, today known as Synapse Group, a company that used the credit card network to process magazine subscriptions. By 1998 Synapse had sold 30 million magazine subscriptions, with sales approaching $300 million. For his work, Walker won the Direct Marketing Association’s "Direct Marketer of the Year" award in 1999. In 2004, and again in 2005, Synapse was named one of the 25 "Best Places to Work in America" among medium-sized companies by the Great Place to Work Institute. Synapse employs more than 250 people. In 2001 Time Warner purchased a controlling stake in Synapse for a sum in excess of $500 million, completing the transaction in 2006. Priceline Walker Digital launched Priceline.com in 1998, partially self-funding the startup company. Loeb also assisted with the early funding of Priceline. Priceline sold an estimated 40,000 tickets in its first quarter of operation. In 1999, Priceline went public. Walker left Priceline in late 2000. The two patents that protected Priceline.com was said to be worth $18.5 billion at the time. Partnership with IGT In 2006 Walker Digital entered into a strategic partnership with International Game Technology (IGT), the world’s largest manufacturer of casino games. He worked with IGT to develop innovative concepts and technologies for dozens of networked slot machines and other gaming devices, initially under a comprehensive license agreement. The first result of the partnership was Guaranteed Play, a new method for casino game players to purchase game play. Customers receive a fixed number of slot machine spins or blackjack hands, known as a "session" of play, at a discounted price, by paying in advance. Perfect Pay Baccarat In 2009 Walker Digital subsidiary Walker Digital Gaming introduced the Perfect Pay Baccarat (card game) table and Smart Table Network, supporting Elite Baccarat. Industry business journals reported that Perfect Pay utilizes RFID technology to track baccarat wagers, hand outcomes, payouts and player ratings in real time while eliminating losses from dealer mis-pays, counterfeit chips and other problems. Perfect Pay and Elite Baccarat both won Gold Awards from Casino Journal at the 2009 Gaming Technology Summit. He later founded Upside Travel. ApiJect Systems Corporation In 2018, Jay Walker and Marc Koska co-founded ApiJect Systems, Corp., a medical technology company that creates single-use plastic injectors. He serves as the company’s chairman. Patent lawsuits and disputes In January 2001, the Connecticut Attorney General filed suit against Walker Digital. Faced with mounting financial losses, Jay Walker laid off 106 of his 125 employees, violating Federal employment law requiring 60 days notice when laying off more than 33% of the workforce. On September 4, 2002, Walker Digital settled for $275,000 to be split amongst the laid off employees. In October 15, 2009 Walker Digital, LLC filed its first patent infringement action. The suit against Microsoft, Hewlett-Packard, and Dell, Inc., was decided on January 3, 2011 as non-infringed. In November 2010 Walker Digital LLC sued Facebook for friending, or "Method and system for establishing and maintaining user-controlled anonymous communications". On April 11, 2011 Walker Digital filed 15 lawsuits against more than 100 defendants including Amazon.com, Google and Microsoft for unauthorized use of its intellectual properties. According to a 2016 PBS Newshour profile, "Walker is named on more than 500 issued and pending patents in the U.S. and internationally. But his enforcement of that intellectual property has led some to label him a 'patent troll'." Walker has disputed this characterization, saying he treats litigation as a last resort. Other activities One of 164 "directors" of the Atlantic Council, a Washington DC based think tank. Walker has spoken at events of World Information Transfer, Inc., a not-for-profit, non-governmental organization in General Consultative Status with the United Nations, on health and environmental issues. Walker is a Patron of TED, a small non-profit organisation dedicated to "Ideas Worth Spreading". He is a frequent speaker and contributor to its conferences, having delivered talks on such topics as human imagination and "English language mania", among others. In April 2011, Walker Purchased TEDMED from Marc Hodosh. Walker has partnered with the World Economic Forum in Davos, Switzerland, to develop enhanced communications systems between business and governments. He has testified before the U.S. Congress Joint Economic Committee on economic policy and on how to reform the patent system. He is available as a speaker for business groups, non-profit organisations and the academic community. Walker funded the development of two public policy documentary films about the space race and the role of science in American life. The first film focused on the impact of Sputnik on America’s education system. The second film, "Sputnik Mania", explored broader U.S. cultural reactions to Sputnik. The Walker Library of the History of Human Imagination Walker owns what he calls "The Walker Library of the History of Human Imagination." Located in his Ridgefield, Connecticut home, the 3,600 sq. ft. private facility contains more than 50,000 volumes. The architecture is a multi-level, maze-like setting, inspired in part by the paradoxical spaces depicted by artist M. C. Escher. The library is the subject of a short documentary film by David Hoffman, and was profiled as "the most amazing library in the world" by Wired magazine. It is not open to the public. Honors and awards In 1999 the Industry Standard named him the year's "Most Influential New Business Strategist". In 2009 the Entrepreneurship Program at his alma mater honored Walker as the "Cornell Entrepreneur of the Year". Personal life Walker married Eileen McManus on April 18, 1982. They have two children. Eileen Walker is a trustee for Cornell University, Chair of the Board of Trustees of the Harvey School in Westchester County, New York and a former personnel executive at IBM. References External links Video interview with Jay Walker about Priceline.com from CharlieRose.com Jay Walker: The Thought Leader Interview from Strategy+Business 1955 births American bibliophiles American businesspeople Booking Holdings people Cornell University School of Industrial and Labor Relations alumni Living people People from Ridgefield, Connecticut	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jay%20S.%20Walker
Environment, health and safety (EHS) is the set that studies and implements the practical aspects of protecting the environment and maintaining health and safety at occupation. In simple terms it is what organizations must do to make sure that their activities do not cause harm to anyone. Commonly, quality - quality assurance and quality control - is adjoined to form the company division known as HSQE. From a safety standpoint, it involves creating organized efforts and procedures for identifying workplace hazards and reducing accidents and exposure to harmful situations and substances. It also includes training of personnel in accident prevention, accident response, emergency preparedness, and use of protective clothing and equipment. Better health at its heart, should have the development of safe, high quality, and environmentally friendly processes, working practices and systemic activities that prevent or reduce the risk of harm to people in general, operators, or patients. From an environmental standpoint, it involves creating a systematic approach to complying with environmental regulations, such as managing waste or air emissions all the way to helping site's reduce the company's carbon footprint. Regulatory requirements play an important role in EHS discipline and EHS managers must identify and understand relevant EHS regulations, the implications of which must be communicated to executive management so the company can implement suitable measures. Organizations based in the United States are subject to EHS regulations in the Code of Federal Regulations, particularly CFR 29, 40, and 49. Still, EHS management is not limited to legal compliance and companies should be encouraged to do more than is required by law, if appropriate. Other names Notwithstanding the individual importance of these attributes, the various institutions and authors have accented the acronyms differently. Successful HSE programs also include measures to address ergonomics, air quality, and other aspects of workplace safety that could affect the health and well-being of employees and the overall community. Another researcher transformed it as SHE in 1996, while exploring the "concept of 'human quality' in terms of living standards that must follow later than the health.....[as per the] paradigm of SHEQ, ....raising up the importance of environment to the 'safety of people as a prime consideration'". It is because "Safety First" is called in for the commitment to transform the safety culture of countries. Quality is "fitness for purpose", and without it, each and every endeavour will be futile. Other abbreviations than HSE, SHE, HSQE are also used: Regulatory agencies United Kingdom The Health and Safety Executive The Environment Agency Local authorities United States Federal / international Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) Mining Safety and Health Administration (MSHA), etc. European Union (EU standards) – Health and Safety At Work Act Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement (BSEE) State Safety and Health Council of North Carolina, Massachusetts Nuclear Regulatory Commission, etc. Local Municipal fire departments (building code inspections) Environmental Management Agency (EMA) Zambia Zambia Environmental Management Agency Radiation Protection Agency Occupational Health and Safety Institute Mine Safety Department General categories EHS guidelines cover categories specific to each industry as well as those that are general to most industry sectors. Examples of general categories and subcategories are: Specific categories History The chemical industry introduced the first formal EHS management approach in 1985 as a reaction to several catastrophic accidents (like the Seveso disaster of July 1976 and the Bhopal disaster of December 1984). This worldwide voluntary initiative, called "Responsible Care", started by the Chemistry Industry Association of Canada (formerly the Canadian Chemical Producers' Association - CCPA), operates in about 50 countries, with central coordination provided by the International Council of Chemical Associations (ICCA). It involves eight fundamental features which ensure plant and product safety, occupational health and environmental protection, but which also try to demonstrate by image-building campaigns that the chemical industry acts in a responsible manner. Being an initiative of the ICCA, it is restricted to the chemical industry. Since the 1990s, general approaches to EHS management that may fit any type of organisation have appeared in international standards such as: The Valdez Principles, that have been formulated to guide and evaluate corporate conduct towards the environment. the Eco-Management and Audit Scheme (EMAS), developed by the European Commission in 1993 ISO 14001 for environmental management in 1996 ISO 45001 for occupational health and safety management in 2018, preceded by OHSAS 18001 1999 In 1998 the International Finance Corporation established EHS guidelines. Example As a typical example, the activities of a health, safety and environment (HSE) working group might focus on: exchange of know-how regarding health, safety and environmental aspects of a material promotion of good working practices, such as post-use material collection for recycling Publications Occupational Safety and Health Administration (United States) American Society of Safety Engineers Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety (CCOHS) EHS Today Safety+Health Magazine – National Safety Council Environmental Leader EU-OSHA ISHN NIOSH OHS See also Environmental security Occupational safety and health National Safety Council Robert W. Campbell Award, an Award for Business Excellence through EHS Management. Safety engineering References External links NAEM, the premier Association for EHS Management: What is EHS? International Finance Corporation: World Bank Group Environmental, Health, and Safety Guidelines International Network for Environmental Management Occupational safety and health	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environment%2C%20health%20and%20safety
Mirza Abul Hassan Ispahani (; 1902–1981) was a Pakistani politician and diplomat who served as an ambassador of Pakistan to the United States. Early life and family Ispahani was born in 1902 to the Perso-Bengali Ispahani family of Chittagong. He was educated at St John's College, Cambridge. He completed his Bar-at-Law in 1924 of the All India Muslim League held in Madras in April 1941. During the 1990s, Mirza Zia Ispahani, the youngest son of Mirza Abul Hassan Ispahani, served as Pakistan Ambassador in Switzerland and Italy and is currently Ambassador-at-large with Minister of State status and visited Bangladesh on the instructions of PPP co-chairman Asif Ali Zardari. His granddaughter, Farahnaz Ispahani, served as a member of Pakistan's parliament and is the wife of Pakistan's former ambassador to United States, Hussain Haqqani and lived for some time in the same house in Washington as did her grandfather. Career He became a member of the Indian Constituent Assembly in 1946 and represented the Muslim League at the New York Herald Tribune Forum the same year. After independence, he became Member Pakistan Constituent Assembly in 1947. Mr. Isphani toured the United States as personal representative of Jinnah and was ambassador to the United States from September 1947 to February 1952. He was Deputy Leader of Pakistan Delegation to UNO on Trade And Development in 1947. He was Vice Chairman Pakistan Delegation to U.N. Security Council on Kashmir issue and was High Commissioner to the UK from 1952 to 1954. He was Federal Minister for Industries and Commerce from 1954 to 1955. He was an Ambassador to Afghanistan in 1973–74. Ispahani died in Karachi in 1981. Books He authored a number of books which include: The Case of Muslim India (1946) 27 Days in China (1960) Leningrad to Samarkand (1962) Quaid-e-Azam Jinnah, as I Knew Him (1967) References 1902 births 1981 deaths Pakistani politicians Ambassadors of Pakistan to Afghanistan Ambassadors of Pakistan to the United States High Commissioners of Pakistan to the United Kingdom Ispahani family Alumni of St John's College, Cambridge Pakistan Muslim League politicians Pakistani people of Bengali descent 20th-century Bengalis Expatriates from British India in the United Kingdom Bengal MLAs 1937–1945 Bengal MLAs 1946–1947 East Bengal MLAs 1947–1954	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abul%20Hassan%20Isphani
Charles J. Winninger (May 26, 1884 – January 27, 1969) was an American stage and film actor, most often cast in comedies or musicals. Life and career Winninger was born in Athens, Wisconsin, the son of Rosalia (Grassler) and Franz Winninger. His parents were Austrian immigrants. He began as a vaudeville actor. His most famous stage role was as Cap'n Andy Hawks in the original production of Show Boat, the Jerome Kern/Oscar Hammerstein II musical classic, in 1927. He played the role in the 1932 stage revival and the 1936 film version of the show. He became so identified with the role and with his persona as a riverboat captain that he played several variations of the role, notably on the radio program Maxwell House Show Boat, which was clearly inspired by the Broadway musical. Winninger's pre-Code film career includes Night Nurse, a 1931 drama about two girls being systematically starved to death by the family chauffeur. Winninger portrays a kindly physician who attempts to save the suffering children. After the film of Show Boat in 1936, Winninger appeared in 1936's Three Smart Girls (as the father of Deanna Durbin's character), 1937's Nothing Sacred (as the drunken doctor who misdiagnoses Carole Lombard's character), 1939's Destry Rides Again (as Wash, the sheriff), 1941's Ziegfeld Girl (as the father of Judy Garland's character), and 1945's State Fair (as Abel Frake). He returned to Broadway only once for the 1951 revival of Kern and Hammerstein's Music in the Air. Winninger had the lead role in only one film, 1953's The Sun Shines Bright, John Ford's remake of Judge Priest. Winninger played the role that Will Rogers portrayed in 1934. Winninger made a notable television appearance in 1954 in I Love Lucy as Barney Kurtz, the former vaudevillian partner of Fred Mertz (played by William Frawley) in an episode titled "Mertz and Kurtz". He made his last film in 1960. Personal life On November 12, 1912, Winninger married actress Blanche Ring. They were divorced on June 12, 1951. He married Gertrude Walker in 1951, which lasted until his death. Winninger died in 1969 and is buried at Forest Lawn Memorial Park in Los Angeles. Recognition In 1960, Winninger received a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame for his radio contributions. Filmography Mister Flirt in Wrong (1915, Short) as Mr. Rawsberry Lizzie's Shattered Dreams (1915, Short) as 2nd Stranger from the City The Doomed Groom (1915, Short) as The Groom A September Mourning (1916, Short) as The Artist Pied Piper Malone (1924) - Louie as the Barber The Canadian (1926) as Pop Tyson Summer Bachelors (1926) as Preston Smith Soup to Nuts (1930) as Otto Schmidt Fighting Caravans (1931) as Marshall Bad Sister (1931) as Mr. Madison Gun Smoke (1931) as Tack Gillup God's Gift to Women (1931) as John Churchill Night Nurse (1931) as Dr. Arthur Bell Children of Dreams (1931) as Dr. Joe Thompson The Sin of Madelon Claudet (1931) as M. Novella, Photographer Flying High (1931) as Doctor Brown Husband's Holiday (1931) as Mr. Reid Social Register (1934) as Jonesie Show Boat (1936) as Cap'n Andy Hawks White Fang (1936) as Doc McFane Three Smart Girls (1936) as Judson Craig Woman Chases Man (1937) as B.J. Nolan Cafe Metropole (1937) as Joseph Ridgeway The Go Getter (1937) as Cappy Ricks You Can't Have Everything (1937) as Sam Gordon Nothing Sacred (1937) as Dr. Enoch Downer Every Day's a Holiday (1937) as Van Reighle Van Pelter Van Doon You're a Sweetheart (1937) as Cherokee Charlie Goodbye Broadway (1938) as Pat Malloy Hard to Get (1938) as Ben Richards Three Smart Girls Grow Up (1939) as Judson Craig Babes in Arms (1939) as Joe Moran Destry Rides Again (1939) as Washington Dimsdale Barricade (1939) as Samuel J. Cady If I Had My Way (1940) as Joe Johnson Beyond Tomorrow (1940) as Michael O'Brien My Love Came Back (1940) as Julius Malette Little Nellie Kelly (1940) as Michael Noonan Pot o' Gold (1941) as C.J. Haskell Ziegfeld Girl (1941) as 'Pop' Gallagher The Getaway (1941) as Dr. Josiah Glass My Life with Caroline (1941) as Bliss Mister Gardenia Jones (1942, Documentary short) as John Jones Friendly Enemies (1942) as Karl Pfeiffer Coney Island (1943) as Finnigan Hers to Hold (1943) as Judson Craig A Lady Takes a Chance (1943) as Waco Flesh and Fantasy (1943) as King Lamarr (Episode 3) Broadway Rhythm (1944) as Sam Demming Sunday Dinner for a Soldier (1944) as Dudley 'Granfeathers' Osborne Belle of the Yukon (1944) as Pop Candless State Fair (1945) as Abel Frake She Wouldn't Say Yes (1945) as Doctor Lane Lover Come Back (1946) as William 'Pa' Williams, Sr. Living in a Big Way (1947) as D. Rutherford Morgan Something in the Wind (1947) as Uncle Chester Read The Inside Story (1948) as Uncle Ed Give My Regards to Broadway (1948) as Albert Norwick Father Is a Bachelor (1950) as Professor Mordecai Ford Torpedo Alley (1952) as Oliver J. Peabody The Sun Shines Bright (1953) as Judge William Pittman Priest A Perilous Journey (1953) as Captain Eph Allan Champ for a Day (1953) as Pa Karlsen Those Were the Days (1953, TV Movie) Las Vegas Shakedown (1955) as Ernest Raff Raymie (1960) as R.J. Parsons The Miracle of the White Reindeer (1960) as Zoo Keeper Radio appearances References External links 1884 births 1969 deaths People from Athens, Wisconsin Male actors from Wisconsin American male stage actors American male film actors American male radio actors Vaudeville performers Deaths from sepsis Burials at Forest Lawn Memorial Park (Hollywood Hills) 20th-century American male actors	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles%20Winninger
Casper's Haunted Christmas is a 2000 computer-animated Christmas supernatural black comedy film produced by Harvey Comics and Mainframe Entertainment, based on the character Casper the Friendly Ghost, and was released by Universal Studios Home Video on October 31, 2000 (Halloween). Unlike either its theatrical or two direct-to-video predecessors, which combined live-action and CGI, the film was fully made in computer animation. It stars Brendon Ryan Barrett (who previously starred in Casper: A Spirited Beginning as a different character) as the voice of the title character. Randy Travis provided original music. Plot After a scaring spree at a drive-in theater, the Ghostly Trio's are confronted by Casper who is then confronted by Officer Snivel who informs him that his scare quota is down. The Trio take Snivel's whistle and blow it which summons Kibosh, the perfidious King of Ghosts, who decrees that Casper must scare someone before Christmas Day, according to ghost law which requires him to purposely scare at least one person a year, or he will be banished to the Dark, together with his uncles, for their failed responsibility for him, for all eternity. To make sure Casper scares someone, he confiscates the Trio's haunting licenses and flings them to the Christmas-influenced town Kriss, Massachusetts, on account of the Trio's hatred of the holiday, where they meet the Jollimore Family. When Casper's good behavior starts to act up, which includes befriending the daughter of the family, Holly, the Ghostly Trio call in Casper's lookalike cousin Spooky, who brings along his girlfriend Poil, to do the job disguised as Casper in the hope of fooling Kibosh. With Casper and Spooky unlikely to scare someone after a series of failed attempts the Trio decide to plot a scaring spree stealing every Christmas present in Kriss, in a reference to How the Grinch Stole Christmas, and taking them to the Jollimores' house where they plan to lure the townspeople then set off scary booby traps to go out with a bang before being banished to the Dark. Casper along with Spooky and Poil scare the Trio using a fake Kibosh made from the Jollimores' giant Santa. Casper then summons the real Kibosh using Snivel's whistle to inform him he scared the Trio, fulfilling his ghostly obligation, but Snivel informs Kibosh of the booby traps, violating the no scaring order on the Trio. To prevent Kibosh from banishing them to the Dark, the Trio claim they intend to spring the traps on themselves to entertain Kibosh. After the act, Kibosh accepts the Trio's claim and returns their haunting licenses before leaving with Snivel. The film ends with the remaining ghosts celebrating Christmas with the Jollimore family. Cast Crew Ian Boothby - Co-writer Roger Fredericks - Co-writer Kris Zimmerman - Voice Director Byron Vaughns - Producer Owen Hurley - Director Marketing In the United States Baskin Robbins, whose logo is featured on an ice cream store in the film, made a tie-in promotion with the VHS release of Casper's Haunted Christmas, by inventing a Casper-themed ice cream flavor that was available throughout December. The chain also inserted a coupon good for free ice cream sundaes inside every video. See also List of ghost films List of Christmas films References External links 2000 computer-animated films 2000 direct-to-video films 2000s ghost films Canadian direct-to-video films American direct-to-video films 2000s English-language films Universal Pictures direct-to-video animated films Canadian animated feature films 2000s children's animated films Direct-to-video fantasy films Casper the Friendly Ghost films Casper the Friendly Ghost 2000s American animated films Mainframe Studios films Films set in Wales Universal Pictures direct-to-video films American Christmas films American children's animated fantasy films American comedy horror films Canadian Christmas films American ghost films Canadian ghost films Films based on American comics Films based on Harvey Comics Canadian children's fantasy films 2000s children's fantasy films Canadian comedy horror films Animated Christmas films English-language Canadian films Films directed by Owen Hurley 2000s Canadian films Canadian animated comedy films	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casper%27s%20Haunted%20Christmas
José Luis Salgado Gómez (born 3 April 1966) is a Mexican former footballer and manager. Career Salgado began playing professional football with Pumas UNAM, making his Primera debut in 1985, and subsequently playing for Tecos, C.F. Monterrey, Club América, Club León, and Atlético Morelia. He also played for the Mexico national football team, and was a participant at the 1994 FIFA World Cup. After he retired from playing, Salgado became a football manager. He led Pumas Morelos in the Primera A. Salgado was interim manager for Estudiantes Tecos for the final match of the Apertura 2011 season, before briefly managing the club in the Clausura 2012 season. References External links 1966 births Living people Mexico men's international footballers Footballers from Mexico City 1994 FIFA World Cup players Club Universidad Nacional footballers Tecos F.C. footballers C.F. Monterrey players Club América footballers Club León footballers Atlético Morelia players Tecos F.C. managers Men's association football defenders Mexican men's footballers Mexican football managers Liga MX players	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9%20Luis%20Salgado
Brendon Ryan Barrett (born August 5, 1986) is an American actor and acting coach. Early life and career He was born in Roseville, California, and he grew up in Folsom. He co-starred in The Shadow Men, which it was premiered at Cannes Film Festival in 1997. He was also the voice of Casper the Friendly Ghost in Casper's Haunted Christmas, and he played Chris Carson, the best friend of Casper the Friendly Ghost in the 1997 film Casper: A Spirited Beginning. Brendon graduated from Folsom High School in 2004 and attended Sacramento State University where he graduated with a double major in Communications and Criminal Justice. From 2007 to 2010, Barrett taught monologue and television 1 lessons at John Robert Powers. In November 1998, Barrett acted in the television film Logan's War: Bound by Honor. It premiered on CBS, starring Chuck Norris and Eddie Cibrian. In it Barrett plays a child who witnessed the murder his family. Awards Brendon Barrett was nominated for a Young Artist award for Best Performance in a TV / Pilot / Mini-Series: Leading Young Actor for Logan's War: Bound By Honor (ABC). Filmography Film Television External links References 1986 births Living people People from Roseville, California American male child actors American male film actors American male television actors American male voice actors American acting coaches 20th-century American male actors 21st-century American male actors	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brendon%20Ryan%20Barrett
The BL 13.5 inch Mk V gun was a British heavy naval gun, introduced in 1912 as the main armament for the new super-dreadnought battleships of the . The calibre was 13.5 inches (343 mm) and the barrels were 45 calibres long i.e. 607.5 inches (15.43 m). The guns were greatly superior and unrelated to the earlier 13.5-inch (30-calibre) Mk I to Mk IV guns used on the , and es completed between 1888 and 1896. Background The gun was developed in response to the relative failure of the British high-velocity 12-inch Mk XI and XII guns. Unlike Germany, which developed and deployed successful high-velocity 12-inch guns, Britain in this case switched to guns firing larger and heavier shells at lower velocity which could achieve similar performance in range and armour penetration but could deliver a heavier explosive charge on impact. Characteristics The gun was wire-wound and weighed approximately 168,000 lb (76 tonnes) (excluding the breech), and in its original form fired a 1,250 lb (567 kg) armour-piercing capped (APC) or high-explosive (HE) round a distance of 23,800 yards (21,800 m) at a 20-degree elevation. Variants Due to the excellent characteristics of the gun, it was decided to increase the weight of shell to 1,400 lb (635 kg), with an increased firing charge to achieve about the same range. The gun firing the lighter shell was designated Mark V(L) (for "light") by the Royal Navy, and the 1,400 lb version Mark V(H) (for "heavy"). Railway guns In 1939 three WW1 BL 14 inch Railway Guns (named Gladiator, Piece Maker and Scene Shifter) were removed from storage at RAOC Chilwell and recommissioned. The original 14" gun barrels had long since been scrapped, so they were fitted with BL 13.5 inch /45 Mark V gun barrels from the Royal Navy's Duke class reserves, which had been designed close enough to the dimensions of the 14" barrels to fit. In 1940 these guns were issued to the Royal Marine Siege Regiment at Dover in Kent to bombard German batteries and shipping in the Calais area. They could be stored in railway tunnels when not in use to protect them from attack. Experimental hypervelocity gun A 13.5/8 inch hypervelocity gun (a type of very large-calibre artillery) for stratospheric experiments was developed and deployed near St Margaret's in Kent. The weapon was a 13.5 inch gun Mark V lined down to 8 inches; the liner projected several feet beyond the 13.5 inch barrel. The concept was suggested by F. A. Lindemann, Winston Churchill's scientific advisor. Due to its deployment near the heavy cross-Channel guns and manning by the Royal Marine Siege Regiment, it is often erroneously assumed to have been intended as a cross-Channel gun. It was initially named Wilfred, but this was soon changed to Bruce, after Admiral Sir Bruce Fraser. The projectiles were custom-made with external rifling to match the gun's rifling, with tighter tolerances than normal; this resulted in the need for a screwdriver-type tool to ram the projectiles. The rate of fire was very low as a result; but this was not a major concern in an experimental piece. Both high explosive and high velocity shells were made for the gun; the high velocity shell was a smoke shell, intended to burst at high altitude. Observations of the smoke were used to study conditions in the stratosphere. The gun was first test-fired in June 1942 at the Isle of Grain, also in Kent. The gun was deployed near St. Margaret's on 21 January 1943, and experimental firing commenced on 30 March 1943. Successful experiments with smoke shells were conducted in February 1944. The intended burst zone for the smoke shells was horizontally from the gun and at altitude. These trials resulted in the need for a new barrel or liner; the replacement took about two weeks. The data from these experiments was important in the development of the Grand Slam bomb. After further experimental firings, the weapon was taken out of service in February 1945. Service British warships with the BL 13.5 inch /45 gun; s: Mark V(L) battleships of 1911: Mark V(H) s: Mark V(H) , a battleship: Mark VI(H) s: Mark V(L) , a battlecruiser: Mark V(H) , a battlecruiser: Mark V(H) See also BL 15 inch Mk I naval gun British successor List of naval guns Cross-Channel guns in the Second World War - 13.5 inch and other large guns deployed in Kent, also German equivalents Weapons of comparable role, performance and era 340mm/45 Modèle 1912 gun French equivalent Notes References Bibliography DiGiulian,Tony, British 13.5"/45 (34.3 cm) Mark V(L) 13.5"/45 (34.3 cm) Mark V(H) External links Vickers Photographic Archives British 13.5"/45 (34.3 cm) Mark V(L) 13.5"/45 (34.3 cm) Mark V(H) at navweaps.com Naval guns of the United Kingdom World War I naval weapons of the United Kingdom World War II railway artillery of the United Kingdom Railway guns Vickers 340 mm artillery Coastal artillery	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/BL%2013.5-inch%20Mk%20V%20naval%20gun
CJTR-FM is a Canadian radio station, airing at 91.3 FM in Regina, Saskatchewan. The station airs a community radio format, featuring a variety of musical styles and talk shows. It is operated by Radius Communications, a non-profit corporation that began fundraising in 1996 and got the station on the air in 2001. This station is run primarily by volunteers, supported financially by some Regina-area sponsors and by fundraisers. It also, in part, serves as an unofficial campus radio station for the University of Regina, actively soliciting volunteer participation among the university's student body as the school does not have its own campus radio station. Until CJTR signed on, Regina was the largest market in Canada without either a campus or community radio station. An attempt in 1995 to incorporate a campus radio station at the University of Regina was abandoned for financial reasons, and as a result of that project's failure, Radius Communications incorporated and continued to pursue a community radio license. The CJTR music garage sale is a big source of money for the station - yearlong they collect donations of CDs, records, stereo equipment, music-related books, clothing, DVDs and more, and then sell them at great prices in one big sale. Members also pay a yearly $25 CD fee, for which they receive a newsletter and sometimes discounts from sponsors. Notes CJTR was formerly the callsign of a now-defunct AM radio station in Trois-Rivières, Quebec. External links www.cjtr.ca - CJTR Decision CRTC 2001-47 Jtr Jtr Radio stations established in 2001 2001 establishments in Saskatchewan	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CJTR-FM
"Vila Velebita" (, often translated as 'Fairy of Velebit') is a Croatian patriotic song. It originates from the second half of the 19th century, after the Illyrian movement. Its earliest recorded public performance was in 1882 in Zagreb, on the Croatian singing society "Kolo"'s twentieth anniversary party. The first recording of the lyrics and the melody dates from 1893, when Vjekoslav Klaić recorded it in the Hrvatska pjesmarica (lit. Croatian Songbook). He wrote down the first verse based on Vjenceslav Novak's rendition of how the people of Senj sang it. The original author remains unknown, but it was sometimes ascribed to the poets Danilo Medić or to Lavoslav Vukelić, while some sources claim the melody was written by the composer Mijo Majer. While vila is often translated as "fairy" (as below), vilas are supernatural beings in Slavic folklore quite different from English fairies. Lyrics See also Velebitska Vila Sources Vladimir Jagarić: Dileme oko nastanka popijevke "Vila Velebita", Hrvatski planinar 84 (1992), p11-12 Croatian patriotic songs 19th-century songs Year of song unknown Songwriter unknown	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vila%20Velebita
USS Major (DE-796) was a Buckley-class destroyer escort in service with the United States Navy from 1944 to 1948. She was scrapped in 1973. History USS Major was named after Charles Nance Major, who died when the ship on which he was serving as armed guard, the SS R. P. Resor, was torpedoed off Manasquan, New Jersey, by U-578 late 26 February 1942. Major (DE-796) was laid down by Consolidated Steel Corp., Orange, Texas, 16 August 1943; launched 23 October 1943; sponsored by Ens. Margaret Roper Major, Ensign Major's widow; and was commissioned at Orange, Texas, 12 February 1944. Battle of the Atlantic Following her shakedown cruise off Bermuda, Major served in the Caribbean Sea frontier and escorted convoys between Cuba and Trinidad until she arrived at Boston, Massachusetts on 11 June. She underwent training out of Casco Bay, Maine, with ships of Escort Division 56 before she subsequently arrived at Yorktown, Virginia on 2 July for convoy escort duty. On 4 July, she sailed as part of Task Force 61 and escorted UGS-47, a 68 ship convoy, to Bizerte, Tunisia, where she arrived 23 July. Between 30 July and 18 August she escorted a westbound convoy back to the United States. Major again sailed with Task Force 61 as convoy escort 12 September, but on the 25th she left UGS-54 and steamed to Plymouth, England, where she arrived on 29 September. There she met a convoy of 18 LSTs and 20 LCIs, and between 5 and 24 October she sailed as escort to Charleston, South Carolina. During the next 2 months Major made another convoy run to North Africa and back; and, after she returned to Boston 29 December, she served as a submarine training target ship out of New London, Connecticut. Thence she sailed 21 February 1945 for duty in the Pacific. Pacific War After she arrived at Manus, Admiralties, 1 April, Major escorted a convoy from Hollandia, New Guinea, to Leyte Gulf, Philippines, where she reported for duty with the Philippine Sea frontier. During the remainder of the war she operated out of Leyte Gulf, where she patrolled for enemy submarines, provided passenger and mail service to islands in the southern Philippines, and conducted periodic convoy escort duty, including a run to New Guinea and back. Late in July she reached Okinawa as an escort for an LST convoy, thence she departed 1 August guarding LSTs bound for Leyte. Three days later, as Earl V. Johnson (DE-702) dueled with a Japanese submarine, Major protected the convoy, which arrived at Leyte Gulf 7 August. Following the cessation of hostilities 15 August, Major steamed to Manila 18 August and escorted LSTs to Japan. She anchored near mighty Missouri (BB-63) in Tokyo Bay 1 September and the following day witnessed the Japanese surrender on board the giant battleship. After returning to the Philippines later that month, she operated out of Leyte. Decommissioning and fate Late in 1945 she steamed to the U.S. West Coast. Major decommissioned at Long Beach, California, 13 March 1948 and entered the Pacific Reserve Fleet berthed with the Pacific Inactive Fleet at Stockton, California. Major was sold for scrapping 27 November 1973. References NavSource Online: Destroyer Escort Photo Archive – USS Major (DE-796) Buckley-class destroyer escorts World War II frigates and destroyer escorts of the United States Ships built in Orange, Texas 1943 ships	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS%20Major
From its peculiar habit, Duabanga grandiflora (syn. D. sonneratioides) is a singular feature in its native forests. The trunk is erect, 40–80 feet high, undivided but sometimes forking from the base. The lower limbs spread drooping from the trunk; these are long, slender, sparingly branched, and the branches are four-angled, loosely covered with large spreading leaves. Since the leaves are arranged in two ranks, the slender branches resemble petioles, bearing pinnae of a compound leaf; the leaves are further often recurved, and are deep green above, and almost white beneath. The large blossoms expand in April, exhaling a rank odour reportedly resembling asafoetida when they first burst, but they become inodorous before the petals drop. The stamens are all bent inwards in bud. The fruit is a large as a small apple. The wood is white and soft. Distribution Native to India, Nepal, southern China, Myanmar and Malaysia. Gallery References grandiflora Trees of the Indian subcontinent Trees of Indo-China Trees of Peninsular Malaysia Taxa named by Wilhelm Gerhard Walpers	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duabanga%20grandiflora
Andrei Volokitin (, Andriy Volokitin; born 18 June 1986 in Lviv) is a Ukrainian chess grandmaster. He is a two-time Ukrainian champion and has competed in four Chess Olympiads, winning team gold in 2004 along with team bronze in 2012. Chess career He won two medals at the World Youth Chess Championship, taking silver in 1998 at Oropesa del Mar at under-12 level and bronze at the same venue a year later in the under-14 category. In 1999, he was a member of the Ukrainian national youth team which won the U-16 Chess Olympiad in Artek, Ukraine. He achieved the grandmaster title in 2001, when he was 15 years old. In 2004, he entered the top 100 of the FIDE world ranking list, won the 73rd Ukrainian Chess Championship and was a member of the gold medal–winning national team at the 36th Chess Olympiad. In 2005 he won the Lausanne Young Masters tournament with a rating performance of 2984. In January 2012, Volokitin won the Donostia Chess Festival's knockout tournament in San Sebastián, Basque Country, Spain, by defeating Viktor Láznička in the final. In this event each player faced the opponent on two boards simultaneously, playing White on one and Black on the other. This peculiar format, which was held for the first time in this tournament, was later named "Basque chess". In 2015, he won the Ukrainian championship, held in Lviv, edging out on tiebreak Martyn Kravtsiv and Zahar Efimenko, after all three players scored 7 points from 11 games. In 2016, Volokitin won as clear first the 20th Vidmar Memorial, played as international invitation tournament in Bled, Slovenia. Books Andrei Volokitin, Vladimir Grabinsky, Perfect Your Chess (Gambit, 2007) References External links Andrei Volokitin profile at Grandcoach.com 1986 births Living people Chess grandmasters Chess Olympiad competitors Ukrainian chess players Ukrainian chess writers Sportspeople from Lviv	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrei%20Volokitin
Benjamín Cole Vázquez (October 8, 1919 – January 30, 1993) was a Puerto Rican politician and the second longest serving Mayor of the city of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico (1969–1993). He is regarded as one of the strongest leaders of the Popular Democratic Party of Puerto Rico (PDP). He was also a U.S. Postal Service regional administrator, legislator, and composer (Tito Puente recorded one of his songs, although, in that regard, Cole is much better known for being the brother of composer Roberto Cole). Ancestry Benjamin Cole's father Frank belonged to an English family that emigrated to the United States when he was just a child. As an adult, Frank traveled to Puerto Rico when the United States established a provisional government there following its invasion of the island during the Spanish–American War of 1898. Cole was employed in the Federal Courts in San Juan, where he served as translator and marshall. He married Isabel Maria Vazquez, daughter of a prominent attorney from the city of Ponce. The couple established their home in Mayaguez. Belisa, as she was known to her family and friends, was a music teacher who taught her children to play piano, guitar, and other instruments from an early age. She and Frank had three sons, Robert, Benjamin and Lester, divorcing after the birth of the third one. Several years after their divorce Frank retired to San Jose, California, where he lived until his death. His last name took on the Spanish pronunciation and "Cole" became . Political beginnings Benjamin Cole had an interest in politics from a very early age, starting with an inclination towards the liberal tendencies of the leaders that favored independence for the island. He was one of the youngest members of the original Partido Popular Democratico when it was founded in 1938, and since then followed the leadership of Luis Munoz Marin. In his early career as a civil servant, Cole was a postmaster general for Mayaguez, for which he won the national award of Postmaster of the Year among all his cohorts in the United States. In 1960, Cole ran for office for the first time, to a position in the Puerto Rico House of Representatives. His use of clever slogans and phrases, early use of electronic media, as well as his strong political machinery and astute use of political tools, gave him a strong voice within the PDP and in the island's political environment, and he won handily. Cole was a very skilled and eloquent public speaker, as well as a talented, quick-thinking debater and interviewee. Cole coined a phrase to depict the PDP's esprit de corps that is still used to this day: "¡Fuego Popular!" ("Popular Fire"), a play on words that capitalized on the PDP's traditional campaign color (red), and the fact that the strength of his political power was in fact the average citizen. Some political historians claim that Luis Negrón López's poor acceptance levels as PDP gubernatorial candidate in 1968 were a direct consequence of Cole's use of the phrase "¡Juégame el 315!" ("Play me 315") to depict him as a numbers game runner or "bolitero". Cole won the election for mayor of Mayagüez in 1968, and was subsequently reelected in 1972, 1976, 1980, 1984 and 1988. He won these contests using the same political tactics that, in part, derailed Negrón's candidacy. Cole's strongest contender for the Mayagüez mayoralship, Jan García, was depicted by Cole as a "fake", since, in Cole's view, Dr. Garcia misrepresented himself to the citizens of Mayagüez by using the prefix "Dr." (most voters had assumed Dr. Garcia was a medical doctor, when in fact he had a Ph.D. in Chemistry and was also a Juris Doctor). In Cole's view, Dr. Garcia's unwillingness to clarify this misrepresented him to the general voter. In another mayoral contest, Cole is known for saying: "I'd say my opponent is a thief and a liar... but I don't use that kind of language!". Benjamin Cole was a populist, often relating to the social needs of the poor and working classes of his city. This earned him many political enemies, from inside and outside his political party. His administration was repeatedly accused of corruption, and cleared of most charges. One accusation that was not cleared, involved a person on city payroll working at the local PDP party clubhouse, although the charges behind this were also politically skewed and only settled many years after Cole's death. Slogans and campaign strategies Cole's main campaign strategies captured the essence of him as a populist, and tried to appeal to working-class people, picturing him as their "working class mayor". He made frequent use of slang phrases and slogans, and made a point of using simple language in public while almost always speaking in the third-person while describing his accomplishments. He appealed to common sense when describing current events and explaining public administration strategies, something that political observers acknowledged as being extremely effective, while critics dismissed as demagogy. An example of his style of campaigning is evidenced by his self-made political slogans. On latter campaigns for reelection, Cole's simple campaign motto was "Cole sigue" ("Cole continues"). Cole's best known musical jingle, a march, was composed by him; its main refrain: "Porque Cole es el alcalde / que ha hecho más por Mayagüez / decimos con alegria: Cole sigue en la alcaldia" ("Since Cole is the mayor / who has done the most for Mayagüez / we gladly say / Cole goes on at City Hall") was featured in his weekly campaign TV show. In one airing, the show opened with the children from his family (his own kids, nieces and nephews) singing the jingle. Cole made extensive use of electronic media for campaigning, and refused to use posters, flyers or painted signs as part of his campaign propaganda, since he felt like such use would make his city dirty. Instead, he focused on neighborhood-specific community "rallies" and meetings, loudspeaker vehicles, television, radio and media outlets. On the other hand, Cole's political organization in Mayagüez was perceived by many to be the strongest of any mayoral candidate in Puerto Rico. Some of his ward leaders claim (to this day) to know the political affiliation of every one of their neighbors, a tactic that could allow scientific targeting of voters by background. Cole's Mayagüez Cole's skill for strategy served him well in office. One of his landmark accomplishments, which guaranteed that Mayaguez would receive federal funding on a scale otherwise reserved for major cities, was his handling of the city's status under the US Census. The Census Bureau separates cities with more than 100,000 inhabitants and these are granted higher federal funding as a way to guarantee economic development. In the first census during Cole's tenure, Mayaguez came short by about 7,000 people from reaching that mark. Cole argued, successfully, that the city's population status should be increased by counting the students at the University of Puerto Rico Mayaguez campus, who at the time were about 8,000. This kind of creativity allowed the city to receive hundreds of thousands of dollars more for public projects that would not have been given if Cole had not come up with such an argument, which is viewed by some as proof of Cole's entrepreneur spirit for financing his programme. One of the major benefits of this determination came in the form of federal grants which allowed for urban development, most importantly Villa Sultanita, a housing complex created to help middle-class families own a home through municipal subsidies. During his first term as Mayor of Mayaguez Cole cemented the loyalty of the mass of voters by making certain that no community, however isolated or populated, was left without electricity, running water or proper sewage systems. He also established a dam system for the Yaguez River, which used to flood frequently, often destroying property in the city. This in itself dramatically improved life in the urban areas. Cole authored the law that created the Mayaguez Zoo (first and only zoo in Puerto Rico and the Caribbean) when he was a legislator. Cole put emphasis in public works, improving local roads and pressuring the state legislature for funds to maintain state roads. As well, his administration developed many local landmarks in Mayagüez, including the Palacio de Recreación y Deportes (the local sports arena), the Parque de los Próceres (Mayagüez's largest park), the Ciudad del Retiro, the only independent living complex for moderate income seniors in the area, two public transportation terminals, a multi-storied parking garage, the Asilo de Beneficencia (better known for being the first home of Salvador Agron) and the Plaza del Mercado, the local site for the farmer's and produce market. The Cole administrations demolished two slums (the Palmita section of Barrio Barcelona, traditionally a municipal dump since the mid-1840s, and the Rabo del Buey slum in downtown Mayagüez) and promoted community redevelopment of these areas. He also promoted tourism with projects such as the acquisition and reconstruction of the Teatro Yagüez (the local municipal theater) and the remodeling of the city's center square -the Plaza Colón- and Mayagüez City Hall. Children from all over the Caribbean continue to come to play today in a state of the art Little League baseball stadium where many inter nation tournaments have been held. One of the achievements that made Cole proudest was the municipal hospital, which had been a bare bones facility with very little to offer other than the simplest primary care, and under his tenure became a secondary, and in some cases, like pediatrics, a tertiary care facility, with the most advanced equipment in the area. Mayagüez was repeatedly awarded the status of Puerto Rico's Cleanest City during Cole's tenure. Most recent development projects in Mayagüez have centered around "renovating" the projects developed by Cole or developing projects that Cole left in early stages of completion. Family Benjamín Cole had four children with his first wife, music teacher (and long-time organist for the Roman Catholic cathedral of Mayagüez) Angelina Simón. His sons with Simón were all professional musicians at one time or another, while his daughter was the voice-over announcer for WIPM-TV, the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) Public television station in the city. None were involved in politics. From this marriage there are many grandchildren, several involved in music like their grandparents, most notably Henry Cole, a famous percussionist and composer. Cole's second wife was his right hand and according to many his secret weapon in a long, undefeated career in Puerto Rico's contentious political world, where even mighty figures are easily met with failure. Given many ad honorem roles by her husband as advisor and co-campaigner, Nereida Falto de Cole gained a reputation for being a blunt, tenacious political operative and a capable and strict public administrator. A figure of considerable influence in her own right, Nereida was known as the operational, grass roots arm to Benjamin's political efforts. She retired from a long, distinguished career in government, where she was the first woman to head a public corporation in Puerto Rico, the now defunct CRUV for public housing. At times, political adversaries tried to gain leverage from the fact that Nereida wielded so much influence in her husband's administration and campaigns. It was public knowledge that Nereida was involved in the majority of Cole's projects from their inception, helping him devise development strategies and proving a valuable ally with the oversight of operations, which was one of her areas of expertise. Given that she was such a knowledgeable public officer and speaker on her own, some went so far as to claim that Cole was merely a front man for his wife, and that the city of Mayagüez was being run by a woman (at a time when sexism was prevalent in politics and public life in Puerto Rico). Cole turned this claim into a boon for his campaign, admitting that by voting for him the city was getting two excellent leaders for the price of one. Cole's public acknowledgment of his wife as his most trusted advisor was an innovation in Puerto Rican politics that had not occurred before or since. However, the couple's teamwork in the city's affairs gained the full trust of voters and supporters, and the recognition and admiration of the political leaders of both parties. In matters of economic development, she was consulted and granted deference by the presidents of her party and those of the opposition. In fact, in his study of the trajectory and success of Cole's career, Professor Jorge Heine found that one of the key elements in Cole's accomplishments was his wife's involvement in his political and public affairs. After Cole's death, many people in the city and in the Popular Party asked Mrs. Cole to run for mayor of Mayagüez, but she declined, preferring to work in favor of the dispossessed from the non-profit sector as well as an entrepreneur in housing management and development. From his marriage to Nereida, Cole had three other children. The oldest, Nereida Ines, was employed by Senate President Miguel Hernandez Agosto and by the commonwealth's Cultural Institute. She was admired for her radio broadcasting during political campaigns, in which she showed the same wit and mordancy her father was known for. The second daughter, Evelyn, was a precocious public speaker and political organizer, tapped by Governor Rafael Hernandez Colon to run a cabinet-level state agency at the age of 21, the youngest person in Puerto Rico to occupy such a position. Long expected to follow in her father's political footsteps, Evelyn, who is also an award-winning poet and writer, retired from public life in 1988. The youngest of the three, Harold Benjamin, is a commercial airline captain who flies internationally and has never been involved in public life. Cole's Legacy Some political observers have likened Cole's political campaigning style as a cross between those of George A. Smathers (in both his speaking style and way to address opponents) and Richard J. Daley. Cole's political acumen and strong populist government made him the subject of a biographical book, Benjamin Cole - the Last Cacique: Leadership and Politics in a Puerto Rican City (a book of published by the University of Pittsburgh Press in 1994). The book was written by the current Chilean ambassador to India (also a former ambassador to South Africa), and former professor at the University of Puerto Rico - Mayaguez, Jorge Heine. Puerto Rico Highway 64 in Mayagüez was named Benjamín Cole Avenue. See also List of Puerto Ricans References External links Amazon's reference to Heine's book 1919 births 1993 deaths Mayors of Mayagüez, Puerto Rico Popular Democratic Party members of the House of Representatives of Puerto Rico Popular Democratic Party (Puerto Rico) politicians Puerto Rican Roman Catholics United States Postal Service people 20th-century American politicians	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjam%C3%ADn%20Cole%20%28mayor%29
Bitter Gold Hearts is a fantasy novel by American writer Glen Cook, the second book in his ongoing Garrett P.I. series. The series combines elements of mystery and fantasy as it follows the adventures of private investigator Garrett. Plot introduction Garrett is a hardboiled detective living in the city of TunFaire, a melting pot of different races, cultures, religions, and species. When people have problems, they often come to Garrett for help, but trouble has a way of finding Garrett on its own, whether he likes it or not. Plot summary A beautiful young woman named Amiranda Crest shows up at Garrett's house. She explains that her employer is the powerful sorceress Stormwarden Raver Styx, whose son Karl daPena has been kidnapped in Raver Styx's absence. They want Garrett to organize the exchange between them and the kidnappers. The Domina Willa Dount, in charge while the Stormwarden is away, explains to Garrett that they only need him as a decoy, and apparently Garrett's work is over. But when Garrett is attacked on his way home by a band of ogres, his interest in the matter is piqued. When the kidnappers' demands rise, Garrett is brought back in for his expertise. It soon becomes apparent to Garrett that the members of the Stormwarden's family are all involved in the affair to some extent, as is a band of ogres led by a mysterious individual named Gorgeous. The link between the ogres and the dePenas appears to be a prostitute by the name of Donni Pell, who had both Karl daPena and Gorgeous as customers. She orchestrated the kidnapping of Karl by convincing Gorgeous and his band of ogres to help. The transfer of funds with the kidnappers goes off without a hitch, but when Amiranda Crest is murdered and Karl daPena is found after allegedly committing suicide, Karl's sister Amber comes running to Garrett for help. With the help of Morley, the Roze boys, and underworld kingpin Chodo Contague's deadly lieutenants Crask and Sadler, Garrett storms Gorgeous' hideout, capturing Gorgeous and some of his cronies. The ogres, when faced with torture, offer some information about the kidnapping. Chodo, who believes he is in Garrett's debt, orders Donni Pell to be found and delivered to Garrett. When the Stormwarden returns to town, she comes first to Garrett to find out just what happened to her family. Garrett then manages to orchestrate a meeting between all the guilty parties, and in a masterful display of deductive reasoning, Garrett implicates Karl daPena Jr., Karl daPena Sr., Amiranda Crest, the Domina Willa Dount, Donni Pell, Gorgeous, and others all in a convoluted kidnapping scheme gone horribly wrong. With the truth out, the situation gets ugly fast, and Garrett and company flee the scene, letting city investigators clear the mess. The Dead Man sheds some light on the few remaining mysteries in the case, including who killed Amiranda and why. Characters Garrett The Dead Man Dean Amiranda Crest Karl daPena Domina Willa Dount Amber daPena Morley Dotes Saucerhead Tharpe Playmate Crask and Sadler The Roze Triplets Gorgeous Chodo Contague Donni Pell Stormwarden Raver Styx Garrett P.I. 1988 American novels American fantasy novels	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bitter%20Gold%20Hearts
Ioannis (Nanos) Valaoritis (; 5 July 1921 – 12 September 2019) was a Greek writer, widely published as a poet, novelist and playwright since 1939; his correspondence with George Seferis (Allilographia 1945-1968, Ypsilon, Athens 2004) was a bestseller. Raised within a cosmopolitan family with roots in the Greek War of Independence but twice driven into exile by events, Valaoritis lived in Greece, the United Kingdom, France and the United States, and as a writer and academic he played a significant role in introducing the literary idioms of each country to the rest. The quality, the international appeal, and the influence of his work led Valaoritis to be described as the most important poet of the Hellenic diaspora since Constantine Cavafy. Life Early years Valaoritis was born to Greek parents in Lausanne in Switzerland in 1921 but grew up in Greece where he studied classics and law at Athens University. He was also writing poetry, and in 1939 when he was barely eighteen, he saw himself published in the pages of George Katsimbalis’ review Nea Grammata alongside contributions from Odysseas Elytis and George Seferis, and was immediately taken into their literary circle. It was an ominous yet heady time, those early months of the war, during which Valaoritis was witness to the seminal encounter of Seferis and Katsimbalis with Henry Miller and Lawrence Durrell, which was to resonate within both Greek and Anglo-Saxon literature for years to come. Training years In 1944 Valaoritis escaped from German-occupied Greece across the Aegean to Turkey and from there through the Middle East to Egypt, where he made contact with Seferis who was serving the Greek government in exile as First Secretary of the Greek Legation in Cairo. In 1944, at the instigation of Seferis, Valaoritis went to London to develop literary links between Greece and Britain. He met T. S. Eliot, W. H. Auden, Dylan Thomas and Stephen Spender, and he worked for Louis MacNeice at the BBC. As well as studying English literature at the University of London, he translated modernist Greek poets, among them Elytis and Embirikos, and contributed to Cyril Connolly's Horizon and to John Lehman's New Writing. His own first volume of collected poems, E Timoria ton Magon (Punishment of Wizards), with decorations by John Craxton, was published in London in 1947. He paved the way for Seferis' success in the English-speaking world by editing and translating, along with Durrell and Bernard Spencer, Seferis' King of Asine which was published in 1948 to enthusiastic reviews. Then in 1954 he moved to Paris where, as well as studying Mycenaean grammar at the Sorbonne, he was prominent among surrealist poets under André Breton. Valaoritis met his wife Marie Wilson, one evening at a large gathering in Paris full of Greek writers and artists. Marie Wilson was an American surrealist artist, Marie is the author of Apparitions: Paintings and Drawings by Marie Wilson. Wilson was embedded in the surrealist movement, and had a very close relationship with Andre Breton and Picasso. Nanos moved in together and lived there for six years, leading to marriage, which has now continued for forty years. They had three children together. San Francisco, CA USA Valaoritis was a professor in the World and Comparative Literature and Creative Writing Departments at San Francisco State University from the 1970s until 1993, when he retired. Back in Greece In 1960 Valaoritis returned to Greece, and between 1963 and 1967 he was publisher and chief editor of the Greek avant-garde literary review Pali. But when the junta came to power in 1967, he felt he had no choice but to go into voluntary exile, and in 1968 he went to America where he became professor of comparative literature and creative writing at San Francisco State University, a position he held for twenty-five years. A self-described surrealist, Valaoritis sometimes creates a sense of carnival in his work through parody, pastiche and absurdity. But the bracket can be misleading, for surrealism alone fails to convey the depths of his mind and the richness of his work. As in photographs taken of Valaoritis so in his poetry you see at once the mage and the pirate, or the detached Olympian with an outsider's bemusement yet a man who can also be intensely lyrical and sensual. Once again Nanos Valaoritis lived in Greece, where he co-edited the literary review Synteleia (End of the World) and, optimistically, its successor Nea Synteleia (New End of the World) and published a remarkable body of work, including essays, translations, anthologies and books of poetry, short stories, a novella and four novels variously in Greek, English and French. His most latest novel, the bestselling Broken Arms of the Venus de Milo (Agra, Athens 2002), is a literary and historical romp which has a basis in a true family story, for the arms of the famous Venus were lost at sea when a French naval vessel stole the statue from an ancestor of Valaoritis, a Greek who was the chief dragoman of the Ottoman navy. Valaoritis’ Anthology of Modern Greek Poetry, co-edited with Thanasis Maskaleris (Talisman, New Jersey 2003) is encompassing and commanding, an invaluable contribution to the dissemination of Greek poetry throughout the English-speaking world, while Pan Daimonium, his latest volume of poetry (Philos Press, Lacey, Washington State 2005) showed him as playful, wise and enigmatic as ever. In 2004 the Athens Academy of Letters and Science awarded Nanos Valaoritis the prestigious prize for poetry in recognition of his life's work, and the President of Greece presented him with the Gold Cross of Honour, given for his services to Greek Letters. Three of his poems are available on-line at the poetry journal Studio. Works Poetry The Punishment of the Mages (Η Τιμωρία των Μάγων, 1947) Central Arcade (Κεντρική Στοά, 1958) Terre de Diamant 1958 Hired Hieroglyrhs 1970 Diplomatic Relations 1971 Anonymous Poem of Foteinos Saintjohn (Ανώνυμνο Ποίημα του Φωτεινού Αηγιάννη, 1977) Εστίες Μικροβίων 1977 The Hero of Random (Ο Ήρωας του Τυχαίου, 1979) Flash Bloom 1980 The Feathery Confession (Η Πουπουλένια Εξομολόγηση, 1982) Some Women (Μερικές Γυναίκες, 1983) Ο Διαμαντένιος Γαληνευτής 1981 Poems 1 (Ποιήματα 1, 1983) Στο Κάτω Κάτω της Γραφής 1984 The Color Pen (Ο Έγχρωμος Στυλογράφος, 1986) Poems 2 (Ποιήματα 2 1987) Anideograms (Ανιδεογράμματα, 1996) Sun, the Executioner of a Green Thought (Ήλιος, ο δήμιος μιας πράσινης σκέψης, 1996) Allegoric Cassandra (Αλληγορική Κασσάνδρα, 1998) Prose The Traitor of the Written Words (Ο Προδότης του Γραπτού Λόγου, 1980) Rising from the Bones (Απ' τα Κόκκαλα Βγαλμένη, 1982) Xerxes; Treasure (Ο Θησαυρός του Ξέρξη, 1984) The Murder (Η Δολοφονία, 1984) The Talking Ape or Paramythologia (Ο Ομιλών Πίθηκος ή Παραμυθολογία, 1986) My Afterlife Guaranteed, 1990 Paramythologia (Παραμυθολογία, 1996) God's Dog (Ο Σκύλος του Θεού, 1998) Essays Andreas Empeirikos (Ανδρέας Εμπειρίκος, 1989) To a Theory of Writing (Για μια Θεωρία της Γραφής, 1990) Modernism, Avant Garde, and Pali (Μοντερνισμός, Πρωτοπορία και Πάλι, 1997) Aristotelis Valaoritis, A Romantic (Αριστοτέλης Βαλαωρίτης, Ένας Ρομαντικός, 1998) See also Aristotelis Valaoritis (the great-grandfather of Nanos Valaoritis) References 1921 births 2019 deaths Greek surrealist writers Modern Greek poets Writers from Lausanne 20th-century Greek poets Greek expatriates in Switzerland Expatriates in Egypt Greek expatriates in the United Kingdom Greek expatriates in France Greek expatriates in the United States	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nanos%20Valaoritis
John Coyne is the name of: John Coyne (politician) (1836–1873), Canadian barrister and politician John Coyne (writer) (born 1937), American writer of horror novels John M. Coyne (1916–2014), former mayor of Brooklyn, Ohio John Coyne (soccer) (born 1951), English-born football (soccer) player who played for Australia John N. Coyne (1839–1907), American Civil War soldier John F. Coyne, former CEO of Western Digital, retired 2013	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Coyne
Matty's Funday Funnies is a 1959–1961 American animated anthology television series. Broadcast history The original Matty's Funday Funnies was broadcast from 1959 to 1961 by American Broadcasting Company, scheduled during Sunday afternoons (with a 1960—1961 prime time edition during Friday evenings, rescheduled for early Saturday nights for the autumn of 1961). The series premiered on October 11, 1959, was later renamed Matty's Funnies, and was broadcast by the network until December 30, 1961; the "Matty" of the title referred to Matty Mattel, the animated boy mascot character for Mattel Toymakers, the show's original sponsor. The show originally compiled the 1950—1959 set of theatrical animated short film series produced by Famous Studios, the animation studio run by Paramount Pictures, featuring characters including Casper the Friendly Ghost, Herman and Katnip, Baby Huey, Little Audrey, Buzzy the Crow and various Noveltoon, Screen Song, Kartune and Modern Madcap shorts, whose opening titles were reshot under the new Harveytoon brand because Harvey Comics, the comic book publisher which been previously licensing the characters from Paramount for its comics based on the cartoons, had bought out all the rights to the intellectual properties overall, and had since then already re-established the Famous Studios characters as part of its comic book legacy. Matty (voiced by Cecil Roy) and his companion sibling Sister Belle (voiced by Sylvia Meredeth) would introduce the cartoons and show commercials for Mattel products. The animation for these title sequences and bumpers, all featuring Matty, Belle and the Famous Studios characters, were animated by Famous Studios veteran Steve Muffatti. Later during the autumn of 1962, the show entered local syndication as Casper and Company, with new titles omitting Mattel's original sponsorship, along with the Matty Mattel and Sister Belle characters. Matty's Funnies with Beany and Cecil On January 6, 1962, the program was replaced with a new Mattel-sponsored series titled Matty's Funnies with Beany and Cecil, featuring Bob Clampett's Beany and Cecil. A redesigned Matty Mattel and Sister Belle would appear as directors of the cartoons and in many intermissions along with Clampett's characters of Beany Boy, Cecil the Seasick Sea Serpent, Captain Huffenpuff, Dishonest John, Go Go Man Van Gogh, et al. There were only 26 half-hour shows made with this format, with the last episode broadcast on June 30 the same year. The series then continued being broadcast during its regular early Saturday evening time as reruns until December 29. From 1963 to 1965, the series was repeated on the network's Saturday and Sunday morning schedules (and then ultimately broadcast in syndication) as The Beany and Cecil Show. References External links Beany and Cecil at Toon Tracker Matty's Funday Funnies at Toon Tracker Beany and Cecil at Toonopedia 1950s American animated television series 1960s American animated television series American Broadcasting Company original programming Famous Studios series and characters 1959 American television series debuts 1962 American television series endings American children's animated comedy television series Black-and-white American television shows English-language television shows Television series by Famous Studios Beany and Cecil	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matty%27s%20Funday%20Funnies
"Repressed" is a single by Apocalyptica, released on 19 May 2006. The title song features Max Cavalera (Soulfly and Sepultura) and Matt Tuck (Bullet for my Valentine) on vocals. It's mostly sung in English and Portuguese, which parts in the last one are done by Cavalera. Track listing "Repressed" (Single version) featuring Max Cavalera & Matt Tuck "Path Vol.2" featuring Sandra Nasic "Betrayal" (from Apocalyptica) "Repressed" (Video) 2006 singles Apocalyptica songs Macaronic songs 2006 songs Songs written by Eicca Toppinen Songs written by Max Cavalera Universal Records singles Songs written by Matthew Tuck	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repressed
A pyridinecarboxylic acid is any member of a group of organic compounds which are monocarboxylic derivatives of pyridine. Pyridinecarboxylic acid comes in three isomers: Picolinic acid (2-pyridinecarboxylic acid) Nicotinic acid (3-pyridinecarboxylic acid), also known as Niacin Isonicotinic acid (4-pyridinecarboxylic acid) All isomers share the molecular weight 123,11 g/mol and the chemical formula C6H5NO2. Pyridines Aromatic acids	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyridinecarboxylic%20acids
The Tron Kirk is a former principal parish church in Edinburgh, Scotland. It is a well-known landmark on the Royal Mile. It was built in the 17th century and closed as a church in 1952. Having stood empty for over fifty years, it was used as a tourist information centre for several years in the mid 2000's and, more recently, was the site of the Edinburgh World Heritage Exhibition and John Kay’s book and gift shop. The name comes from the weighing beam ("tron" in Scots), serving the public market on the Royal Mile, which stood outside until around 1800. It is the only Scottish church where five consecutive ministers each served at least once as Moderator of the General Assembly (eight if including second charge ministers). Archaeology and pre-church history Archaeological investigations, including excavations and 3D surveys, in 1974, 1983 and 2006 shed light on the area before the construction of the church in the 1630s. The results evidenced that the area was occupied by tenements before the church was built. It appears that they were built during the 15th and 16th centuries and wiped out all traces of earlier medieval settlements. Documentary research undertaken at the same time was able to provide a picture of the occupants of the buildings all the way back to the late 15th century. The church was built over: Marlin’s Wynd Peebles Wynd Taverner's Close The church floor was removed in 1974 to allow the excavation of the entire floor area. This was retained as a piece of publicly visible urban archaeology until the building was refloored in 2004. The public could view the remnants of the basements, the paved closes, and drainage channels in a Pompeii style, viewing from a walkway around the inner perimeter. Religious history The foundation stone was laid on 4 March 1637. The church was formally opened and dedicated to Christ by the citizens of Edinburgh in 1641, and known as "Christ's Kirk at the Tron". It was built for the South-East parish, one of the four parishes of Edinburgh after the Scottish Reformation of 1560. Prior to the erection of this new church, parishioners of the North-West parish worshipped in St. Giles' Cathedral. An English traveller, visiting the Tron in 1705, recorded his impression in his diary:—"The Nobility generally resort to the Tron Church, which is the principally (sic) and the Lord High Commissioner has a Throne erected in it, in a very spatious Gallery, on his right hand sits the Lord Chancellor, and on his left the Lord Provost of Edenborough." There were special grants of pews made by the Edinburgh Town Council to noblemen, Senators of the College of Justice, citizens of Edinburgh Old Town, Principals and Professors of the University. A full list of seat-holders has been preserved for 1650, the year of the battle of Dunbar, and for 1745, when Bonnie Prince Charlie was in Edinburgh. Ministers 1641 to 1649 - William Colvill (d.1675) who had translated from Trinity College Church a quarter mile to the north-east 1648 to 1662 - Robert Laurie also translated from Trinity College Church 1663 to 1672 - John Paterson 1672 to 1675 - William Annan 1675 to 1680 - James Lundie, translated to Dalkeith in 1680 1681 - Robert Bruce, dismissed after a few months for refusing to take the Solemn Oath 1683 to 1687 - George Trotter MA (d.1687) 1687 to 1691 - Alexander Malcolm, went to England following a dispute and failed to return 1687 to 1692 - William Erskine MA 1695 to 1707 - William Crichton twice Moderator 1692 and 1697 1707 to 1729 - William Wishart (d.1729) five times Moderator 1730 to 1785 - George Wishart, son of preceding, Moderator in 1748, the church's longest serving minister 1786 to 1809 - Andrew Hunter of Barjarg (1743-1809) moderator in 1792 1809 to 1845 - Rev Prof Alexander Brunton moderator in 1823 1845 to 1867 - Rev Dr Maxwell Nicholson DD 1868 to 1873 - Rev Dr James MacGregor DD 1874 to 1875 - John Barclay MA 1876 to 1881 - William Cruickshank Eddie Jamieson (1839-1881) 1881 to 1885 - John Methven Robertson 1885 to 1911 - David Morrison (1838-1911) 1902 to 1907 - Dugald Butler 1908 to ? - John Wallace Second Charge The church and congregation were of a scale which required a "second charge" for additional services: 1650 to 1655 - John Stirling MA translated to the newly built Lady Yester's Church 1663 to 1665 - James Lundie MA 1665 to 1676 - Robert Mortimer 1677 to 1682 - John Farquhar 1682 to 1683 - George Trotter moved to first charge (see above) 1683 to 1689 - John Strachan MA (d.1699) 1691 to 1709 - George Meldrum, twice Moderator 1698 and 1703, the first Second Charge to become Moderator 1710 to 1713 - John Steedman 1715 to 1741 - Matthew Wood 1745 to 1753 - William Wishart, Principal of Edinburgh University, Moderator in 1745 1754 to 1766 - John Jardine (1715-1766) 1767 to 1788 - John Drysdale (1718-1788) twice Moderator in 1773 and 1784 1789 to 1831 - William Simpson DD (1744-1831), 42 years service with Tron 1832 to 1860 - John Hunter DD (1788-1866) son of Rev Andrew Hunter first charge (see above) declined post of Moderator The second charge at Tron was abolished in 1860 due to the Annuity Tax Act. Notable Events The memoirist Elisabeth West worshipped here when William Erskine was the minister and he died in May 1692. Erskine's replacement was George Meldrum and he advised her to keep a record and her diary is an insight into the Tron's history. In 1697, Thomas Aikenhead, an 18-year-old student, became the last person in Scotland to be executed for the crime of blasphemy after a fellow student reported that he had blasphemed against God outside the Tron Kirk. Aikenhead was prosecuted for saying "I wish I were in that place Ezra calls hell so I could warm myself" as he walked by the kirk on his way back from a night of drinking with some classmates. The baptisms and marriages of many Edinburgh luminaries took place in the Tron, one being the marriage of the famous jurist John Lauder, Lord Fountainhall on 21 January 1669, to Janet (1652–1686), daughter of Sir Andrew Ramsay, Lord Abbotshall, 1st Baronet, and the first Lord Provost of Edinburgh, and a Senator of the College of Justice (d.1688). On 25 April 1694 Helen (d. 9 January 1714), daughter of George Ogilvy, 2nd Lord Banff (d.1668) by his spouse Agnes, daughter of Alexander 1st Lord Falconer, of Halkerstoun, married Sir Robert Lauder of Beilmouth in the Tron. Rev John Drysdale, who married Mary Adam, daughter of the famous architect William Adam, was a Minister of the Tron Kirk from 1766 to 1788 and was also twice Moderator of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, though now he is chiefly remembered for his friendship with Adam Smith, the economist. The General Assembly of the Church of Scotland met in the Tron from 1830 to 1840—the period of the "Ten Years' Conflict". Architectural history The Tron, as it is commonly called, was ordered to be built by King Charles I when he decided that St Giles' was to become the cathedral for the new see of Edinburgh. The land was purchased by the parish from Dr. William Scott, MD, for £1000 Scots. It was erected between 1636 and 1647 to a design by John Mylne, Royal master mason. The design mixed Palladian and Gothic elements and was inspired by contemporary Dutch architecture. The full Chamberlain's Accounts for this project are extant. The width of the building was reduced when both side aisles were removed in 1785 to accommodate the South Bridge and Blair Street leading to Hunter Square. In 1828 a new spire (designed by R & R Dickson) was constructed to replace the original, destroyed in the Great Edinburgh Fire of November 1824. The Tron closed as a church in 1952 and was acquired by the City of Edinburgh Council, the congregation moving to a new church in the Moredun area of the city. The church was subsequently left to decay, and the interiors were eventually gutted. In 1974 archaeological excavations took place under the church which revealed foundations of 16th-century buildings from a long-vanished close, Marlins Wynd, named after a stonemason Walter Merlioun who lived there in 1500. Hogmanay Traditionally the Tron was a place of gathering to celebrate New Year, mainly because of its chiming clock, high on the spire, and visible (and audible) over a wide area. The Tron's position as the traditional focus of Edinburgh's Hogmanay celebrations has been greatly diminished in recent years, due to the expansion of the City Council's organised Hogmanay Street Party in the city centre. However, it was announced in November 2012 that this historic venue would re-stake its claim to the city's hogmanay celebrations, with a Festival of the Extraordinary planned to include live music, film screenings and, amongst other things, a mixology masterclass. Edinburgh Festival Fringe The Tron is also used as a venue during the Edinburgh Festival Fringe, when it has been operated by Just The Tonic and Freestival as a music, comedy and cabaret venue and cafe. Edinburgh World Heritage at the Tron Between 2018 and early 2020, the Tron Kirk hosted an exhibition which showcased the Edinburgh Old and New Towns UNESCO World Heritage Site, as well as Scotland’s five other World Heritage Sites. The exhibition aimed to capture the essence of the World Heritage Site in Edinburgh through the voices and opinions of local people. The story was told in a series of videos, quotes, and specially commissioned portraits from the Scottish photographer Alicia Bruce. In Summer 2019, two retail outlets opened within the exhibition: John Kay's Shop, a gift shop specialising in Scottish gifts and books, historic prints and maps; and the Scottish Textiles Showcase. Scottish Historic Buildings Trust In May 2021, the City of Edinburgh Council and the Scottish Historic Buildings Trust (SHBT) announced plans to restore the building and give it "a new and meaningful lease of life". The SHBT is to conduct a feasibility study. Once funding has been secured, the SHBT will be granted a 125-year lease on the building. In June 2022, the SHBT announced that, from 1 July 2022, the building would be used on a short-term basis as a retail outlet by a social enterprise, Scottish Design Exchange. References The Tron Kirk of Edinburgh, by the Reverend D. Butler, MA, Minister of the Tron parish, Edinburgh, 1906. The Buildings of Scotland - Edinburgh, by Colin McWilliam, John Gifford, & David Walker, Penguin Books Ltd, London, 1984, pp. 172–175. External links Edinburgh Hogmanay Edinburgh Architecture - The Royal Mile Religious buildings and structures completed in 1647 Churches in Edinburgh Royal Mile Category A listed buildings in Edinburgh 1647 in Scotland Hogmanay 1647 establishments in Scotland Former churches in Scotland Listed churches in Edinburgh	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tron%20Kirk
Matty Mattel was the boy mascot for Mattel Inc. Toymakers. As the "King of Toys," Matty was the host and sponsor of TV's Matty's Funday Funnies in the 1960s. Matty was part of Mattel's advertising from 1955 to 1970 and then renewed in the 1980s, printed in Mattel warranty information. History The serrated seal logo for Mattel was designed in 1955 and based on a concept by Mattel co-founder Elliot Handler. The character of "Matty" derived his name from Mattel, which was named after founders, Harold Mattson and Elliot Handler - thus, the hybrid name of Matt + El (short for Elliot) yielded Mattel. This serrated seal, sometimes referred to as 'The Mattel', had a giant letter M in the center with a small boy shown waving, and wearing a crown on his head; this was Matty. Matty was featured on all Mattel products and TV commercials from 1959 through 1970 as the company's logo. He was the familiar mascot that jumped atop the giant "M" in Mattel TV commercials and shouted, "You can tell it's Mattel. IT'S SWELL!" The serrated seal with Matty seated and waving from the giant "M" was replaced with a new serrated seal design with Mattel's name printed across it in 1970, which was the company's 25th anniversary. The new serrated seal is still used today. TV Matty Mattel and his Sister Belle hosted a Sunday morning cartoon show called Matty's Funday Funnies from 1961 to 1963. Cartoon shorts of Casper the Friendly Ghost, Beany and Cecil and Harvey Cartoons were a big part of the show, in-between Mattel toy commercials that were duly shown. Matty, Sister Belle, and Casper the ghost were the first talking dolls produced by Mattel after introducing Chatty Cathy, who came on the market in 1960. Matty and Sister Belle were on the market from 1961 to 1963. Casper was produced from 1961 to 1963 in crisp white terry cloth, while in 1964-65, he was made of white plush but was essentially the same doll. In 1962 and 1963, the show's name was changed to Matty's Funnies With Beany and Cecil and aired exclusively the new Beany and Cecil cartoons produced by Bob Clampett. The Matty and Sister Belle characters would appear between cartoon segments, announce the upcoming Mattel Toy commercial, and again at the end of the program to preview next week's show. The Matty and Sister Belle characters were later omitted as Mattel Inc. later re-edited the shows for Saturday mornings beginning 1964. However, Mattel remained the sponsor. Starting in 1979, Matty appeared again as the character associated with Mattel's consumer "hotline," where he was featured on packages along with the company's 800 number. In 2008, a grown-up version of Matty was introduced as Mattel's "Master Toy Collector" and the mascot of MattyCollector.com, a website that sells action figures from the various lines which Mattel licenses or owns. References Chatty Cathy and her Talking Friends by Schiffer Publishing schifferbooks.com "Who's Matty?" page at MattyCollector.com Mattel American mascots Toy mascots Fictional characters introduced in 1955 Male characters in advertising Child characters in advertising	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matty%20Mattel
The Ice Age National Scientific Reserve is an affiliated area of the National Park System of the United States comprising nine sites in Wisconsin that preserve geological evidence of glaciation. To protect the scientific and scenic value of the landforms, the U.S. Congress authorized the creation of a cooperative reserve in 1964. The scientific reserve was established in 1971 and today encompasses some . The landforms are the result of the Wisconsin glaciation during the last glacial period, which lasted from about 110,000 to 10,000 years ago. The nine units of the reserve, mostly Wisconsin state parks or other protected areas, are administered by the Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Several units are not yet developed for visitation, having only minimal trails and no interpretive installations. Planning was underway for the future development and management of the Cross Plains unit. Several of the sites are joined by the Ice Age National Scenic Trail, but the reserve is a separate entity. Units of the reserve that charge state park access fees also accept federal passes. Units References External links Ice Age National Scientific Reserve–Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources Geology of Ice Age National Scientific Reserve Parks in Wisconsin National Reserves of the United States Glaciology of the United States National Park Service areas in Wisconsin 1971 establishments in Wisconsin Protected areas established in 1971	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ice%20Age%20National%20Scientific%20Reserve
The 19th Brigade is an Army Reserve formation of the British Army. As the 19th Infantry Brigade, it fought in the First and Second World War. The brigade became 19 Light Brigade in 2005, and moved to Northern Ireland following the end of Operation Banner and "normalisation" of British military operations in the province. Following the 2010 Strategic Defence and Security Review (SDSR), the Brigade entered suspended animation in March 2013. As part of the Future Soldier reform, the brigade was reactivated in 2022. First World War 19th Infantry Brigade was not part of the original British Expeditionary Force (BEF) but was formed in France between 19 and 22 August 1914 from line of communication defence battalions as an independent brigade. It immediately went into action at the Battle of Mons on 23 August, then participated in the Retreat from Mons and subsequent battles under various corps headquarters. From 12 October 1914 the brigade was attached to 6th Division at the time of the Battle of Armentières, transferring to 27 Division on 31 May 1915. On 19 August 1915, 19th Bde formally joined 2nd Division (replacing 4th (Guards) Bde, which had left to join the new Guards Division). It served with 2nd Division at the Battle of Loos. These attachments had all been to formations of the Regular Army, but on 25 November 1915, 2nd Division exchanged 19th Bde with a brigade from 33rd Division, a newly-arrived 'New Army' ('Kitchener's Army') formation. The intention was to share experience, and as soon as it joined 33rd Division, the brigade exchanged one of its veteran battalions with one of the newcomers. It remained with 33rd Division on the Western Front until the Armistice with Germany. Like the rest of the BEF, it was reduced from a four-battalion to a three-battalion establishment in February 1918. Order of battle The independent brigade's initial composition was as follows: 2nd Battalion, Royal Welch Fusiliers – to 38th (Welsh) Division 4 February 1918 1st Battalion, Cameronians (Scottish Rifles) 1st Battalion, Middlesex Regiment – to 98th Bde in 33rd Division 27 November 1915 2nd Battalion, Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders – to 98th Bde 27 November 1915 19th Bde Ammunition Column, Royal Field Artillery – probably absorbed into 2nd Divisional Ammunition Column 19th Field Ambulance, Royal Army Medical Corps No 8 Company, Army Service Corps (ASC) – to 33rd Divisional Train, ASC, 25 November 1915 Subsequent additions: 1/5th Battalion, Cameronians (Scottish Rifles) (later 5th/6th Battalion) (Territorial Force) – joined 19 November 1914 Section, 2nd Division Signal Company, Royal Engineers (RE) – transferred with brigade to 33rd Division 11th Field Company, RE – transferred with brigade to 33rd Division 20th (Service) Battalion, Royal Fusiliers (3rd Public Schools) – from 98th Bde 27 November 1915; disbanded 2–15 February 1918 1/6th Battalion, Cameronians (Scottish Rifles) (TF) – joined from 100th Bde, 33rd Division, and amalgamated with 1/5th Bn 29 May 1916 1st Battalion Queen's (Royal West Surrey Regiment) – joined from 100th Bde 5 February 1918 19th Bde Machine Gun Company, Machine Gun Corps (MGC) – formed in the brigade 24 February 1916; joined No 33 Battalion, MGC, 9–19 February 1918 A/19 Light Trench Mortar Battery – formed by 26 January 1916; became 19/1 LTMB 23 March 1916; amalgamated by 24 June 1916 B/19 Light Trench Mortar Battery – formed by 15 March 1916; became 19/2 LTMB 23 March 1916; amalgamated by 24 June 1916 19 Light Trench Mortar Battery – formed by 24 June 1916 Commanders The following officers commanded the brigade: Maj-Gen L.G. Drummond, 22 August 1914, sick 27 August 1914 Lt-Col B.E. Wards, acting 27 August–5 September 1914 Brig-Gen Hon F. Gordon, 5 September 1914 – 14 June 1915 Brig-Gen P.R. Robertson, 14 June 1915 – 13 July 1916 Brig-Gen C.R.G. Mayne, 13 July 1916–Armistice Lt-Col J.G. Chaplin, acting 28–31 August 1916 Lt-Col St B.R. Sladen, acting 8 March, killed 12 March 1918 Lt-Col H. Storr, acting 12 March, wounded 13 March 1918 Lt-Col H.B. Spens, acting 13–25 March 1918 Second World War The 19th Infantry Brigade was a regular British Army formation at the beginning of the Second World War. It had been raised in 1938 for Internal Security in Palestine, and appears to have joined the 7th Infantry Division on its reformation in September–October 1938. On 3 September 1939, it was converted to HQ Jerusalem Area. Post-1945 In the late 1970s, as 19 Airportable Brigade, throughout the 1980s, as 19 Infantry Brigade the 19th Brigade was based at Colchester as part of the 3rd Armoured Division. Structure 1989 Component units in 1989: Headquarters 19th Infantry Brigade and 209th Signal Squadron, Royal Corps of Signals 1st Battalion, King's Own Royal Border Regiment 1st Battalion, Royal Anglian Regiment 3rd Battalion, Royal Anglian Regiment 45th Field Regiment, Royal Artillery 34th Field Squadron, Royal Engineers It would have had to cross the English Channel to join the rest of the division, stationed with the British Army of the Rhine in Germany. Following the disbandment of the 3rd Armoured Division following the end of the Cold War, the brigade joined the new 3rd Mechanised Division, and moved to Catterick Garrison in Yorkshire in April 1993. The brigade signal squadron was based at Gaza Barracks, Catterick Garrison. The brigade deployed as part of Operation Grapple 5, the UK contribution to the United Nations Protection Force (UNPROFOR) in the former Yugoslavia, between November 1994 and May 1995. They were replaced by 20 Armoured Brigade HQ and Signal Sqn. In September 1995, the HQ and Signal Sqn deployed on Exercise SUMAN WARRIOR at Canberra Lines, Terendak Camp, Malaysia. Members of the Signal Sqn also deployed on EX Med Man 5 in 1996 as part of the 1KORBR battle group at British Army Training Unit Suffield, Canada. The HQ and Signal Sqn then deployed to Operation Lodestar in the Former Yugoslavia between November 1997 and May 1998. This was as part of the NATO SFOR deployment. The brigade HQ and Signal Squadron were part of MND SW HQ AND SIGNAL SQN based at the Banja Luka metal factory and other locations. As part of the Delivering Security in a Changing World review in 2003, it was announced that the brigade was to become a 'light' formation. The brigade deployed on Operation Telic 2 between May and November 2003 taking over from 7 Armoured Brigade. The brigade became 19 Light Brigade as of 1 January 2005, and deployed to Iraq on Operation Telic 9 (November 2006 – May 2007) for an unusually long 7-month tour before handing over to 1 Mechanised Brigade and returning to Catterick. It then began moving to Northern Ireland following the end of Operation Banner and "normalisation" of British military operations in the province. The brigade deployed on Operation Herrick 10 in April 2009, replacing 3 Commando Brigade, where it planned and executed Operation Panther's Claw – named after Bagheera, the panther forming the Brigade insignia. The brigade returned to the UK in October 2009 having taken over 70 fatalities --- significantly more than seen in previous operational tours of Afghanistan. Secretary of Defence Liam Fox announced on 18 July 2011 that the 19th Brigade was to be disbanded as part of the 2010 Strategic Defence and Security Review (SDSR) in March 2013. Brigade Commanders Recent commanders have included: 19th Infantry Brigade 1967–1969 Brigadier WNR Scotter, Late KORBR 1969–1971 Brigadier GLC Cooper, Late RE 1973–1975 Brigadier JM Glover, Late RGJ 1975–1977 Brigadier RF Vincent, Late RA 1985–1987 Brigadier TP Toyne Sewell, Late KOSB 1989–1991 Brigadier CD Farrar-Hockley, Late PARA 1991–1993 Brigadier EJ Webb-Carter, Late GREN GDS 1994–1995 Brigadier RDS Gordon, Late 17/21L 1995–1997 Brigadier ADA Duncan, Late PWO 1997–2000 Brigadier PTC Pearson, Late RGR 2000–2001 Brigadier NH Rollo, Late RE 2001–2003 Brigadier WH Moore, Late RA 19th Light Brigade 2003–2005 Brigadier C Chapman, Late PARA 2005–2007 Brigadier TP Evans, Late RIFLES 2007–2010 Brigadier TB Radford, Late RIFLES 2010–2012 Brigadier SR Skeates, Late RA 2012–2013 Brigadier EJR Chamberlain, Late RIFLES 19th Brigade 2022–present Brigadier O Lyttle, Late R IRISH Reformation In 2021, under the Future Soldier it was announced that the 19th Brigade would be reformed with its headquarters in York. The brigade will be tasked with home defence and home 'resilience' duties. The Brigade reformed on 23 July 2022 under command of 1st (United Kingdom) Division. Current structure The brigade's current structure is: Headquarters, 19th Brigade''', at Imphal Barracks, York Queen's Own Yeomanry, at Fenham Barracks, Newcastle upon Tyne Scottish and North Irish Yeomanry, at Redford Barracks, Edinburgh 52nd Lowland Volunteers, 6th Battalion, Royal Regiment of Scotland, at Walcheren Barracks, Glasgow 51st Highland Volunteers, 7th Battalion, Royal Regiment of Scotland at Queen's Barracks, Perth 4th Battalion, Duke of Lancaster's Regiment (King's, Lancashire and Border), at Kimberley Barracks, Preston 3rd Battalion, Royal Anglian Regiment, in Bury St Edmunds 4th Battalion, Yorkshire Regiment (14th/15th, 19th and 33rd/76th Foot), at Worsley Barracks, York 2nd Battalion, Royal Irish Regiment (27th (Inniskilling), 83rd, 87th and Ulster Defence Regiment), at Thiepval Barracks, Lisburn 6th Battalion, The Rifles, at Wyvern Barracks, Exeter 8th Battalion, The Rifles, in Bishop Auckland References Bibliography A.F. Becke,History of the Great War: Order of Battle of Divisions, Part 1: The Regular British Divisions, London: HM Stationery Office, 1934/Uckfield: Naval & Military Press, 2007, . A.F. Becke,History of the Great War: Order of Battle of Divisions, Part 3b: New Army Divisions (30–41) and 63rd (R.N.) Division, London: HM Stationery Office, 1939/Uckfield: Naval & Military Press, 2007, . James E. Edmonds, History of the Great War: Military Operations, France and Belgium, 1914'', Vol I, 3rd Edn, London: Macmillan,1933/Woking: Shearer, 1986, . External links Chris Baker, The Long, Long Trail 19 Light Brigade- on British Army official website British Army Dispositions in 1939 "Reinforcements Fly To M.E." British Pathe newsreel 1951 Infantry brigades of the British Army in World War I Infantry brigades of the British Army in World War II Military units and formations of the United Kingdom in the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021) Organisations based in North Yorkshire	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/19th%20Brigade%20%28United%20Kingdom%29
Gary Beck (born January 21, 1941) is a two-time World champion drag racing driver. Born in Seattle, Washington and raised in the United States, Beck married a Canadian and they made their home in her native Edmonton, Alberta. He competed in stock car racing before switching to drag racing. A virtual unknown, in 1972 he abruptly came to international prominence when he won the National Hot Rod Association (NHRA) Top Fuel dragster title at the U.S. Nationals in Indianapolis, Indiana. His win marked the first of a number of important championships and in 1974, he drove his nitro-fueled dragster to a record setting three NHRA and two American Hot Rod Association (AHRA) titles and earned the first of his two World Championships. Beck was named driver of the year by Drag News and top fuel driver of the year by Car Craft. Among his 1975 victories, he took the Canadian Open Top Fuel championship. In 1983 Gary Beck dominated the Top Fuel class in drag racing, scoring 17 of the fastest 18 runs in Top Fuel history and capping off the multi-win season with his second World Championship. He retired from the NHRA tour in 1986, having won 19 Top Fuel titles plus multiple events on the IHRA and AHRA circuits. Inducted into the Canadian Motorsport Hall of Fame in 1999, on the National Hot Rod Association Top 50 Drivers, 1951–2000, Beck was ranked 24th. References 1941 births Dragster drivers Living people Racing drivers from Alberta Racing drivers from Seattle Sportspeople from Edmonton	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gary%20Beck
Ma Wen-lu (), known in the Philippines as Ma Mon Luk (), was a Chinese immigrant best known in the Philippines for his eponymous restaurant, and for being the alleged creator of mami (a noodle soup) and popularizer of siopao (a steamed bun based on the cha siu bao). Early life Ma was born in 1896 in Xiangshan, Canton (now Zhongshan, Guangdong) in Qing China. Because of poverty, he was only able to finish junior high school. He self-studied in the Chinese classics to improve himself. He later became a schoolteacher in Canton but earned a lowly salary. In 1918, Ma left for the Philippines to seek his fortune in order to win the hand of his sweetheart, Ng Shih, whose parents disapproved of him because of his poverty. Ma Mon Luk Arriving penniless in Binondo, Manila, Ma decided to peddle his own version of chicken noodle soup. He soon became a familiar sight on the streets of Manila, plodding from Puente de España (now Jones Bridge) to as far as Intramuros and Santa Cruz with a long bamboo pole (pingga) slung on his shoulders and two metal containers on each end of the pole, similar to the equipment of taho vendors then and now. One vat contained his especially concocted noodles and strips of chicken meat, while the other vat stored the chicken broth heated underneath by live coals. With a pair of scissors, he would cut the noodles and meat to serve to his customers. He called his concoction "gupit", after the Tagalog word for “cut”. He would finally name the dish “Ma mi” (), literally meaning, "Ma’s noodles". Later, he would add siopao and siomai to his menu. However, the claim that Ma invented the mami, which originates from the media company ABS-CBN, is likely untrue. According to linguist Gloria Chan-Yap, mami is derived from Philippine Hokkien maq ("meat") and mi ("noodle") and is Fujianese in origin, not Cantonese. Like the siopao, the noodle dish already existed in Filipino-Chinese cuisine before Ma popularized his version. Ma became known as “Ma Mon Luk” and from a small shop along Tomas Pinpin Street in Binondo, Manila, he would open his first restaurant with the name “Ma Mon Luk Mami King” at the nearby 826-828 Salazar Street. He would promote his restaurant by giving away free samples of siopao. If he ran out of siopao samples, he would give his business card with his signature at the back to signify a free bowl of mami at his restaurant. The restaurant would transfer to Calle Azcárraga (now Recto Avenue) in 1948 and eventually move to 545 Quezon Boulevard in Quiapo, Manila two years later. By the 1950s, Ma and his food were nationally known. With his success, Ma was able to return to China and seek the hand of his beloved Ng Shih. He would establish his family home and main restaurant at 408 Quezon Avenue in Quezon City, which still exists to date, during the 1950s. Death Ma died on September 1, 1961, due to throat cancer and is buried at the Chinese Cemetery in Manila. Legacy After Ma's death, his children (all surnamed “Mamonluk”) would continue the restaurant, expanding to as many as six branches in the 1980s. By the end of the 20th century, however, only the original two branches established by Ma would remain. In 2020, the Quiapo/Quezon Boulevard branch closed down, currently the Quezon Avenue branch is the only one open. The only remaining restaurant is currently operating under the family owned Ma Mon Luk International Corporation. References External links Ma Mon Luk Restaurant official website 1896 births 1961 deaths Chinese emigrants to the Philippines Cantonese people Filipino restaurateurs Filipino chefs People from Binondo Deaths from cancer in the Philippines Deaths from esophageal cancer Burials at the Manila Chinese Cemetery	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma%20Mon%20Luk
Balsam pear may refer to: Momordica balsamina, a vine native to Africa Bitter melon (Momordica charantia), a vine grown for its bitter and edible fruit	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balsam%20pear
United to End Racism (UER) is an ongoing program of the Re-evaluation Counseling Communities (RC), whose publicly stated aims are "dedicated to eliminating racism in the world" and "to illuminate the damage done to individuals by racism and to undo this damage on an individual basis, using the resources and process of Re-evaluation Counseling." UER was founded by RC on 28 November 2000. Since then, it has attended international NGO conferences such as the 2001 Durban World Conference against Racism and more recently the World Social Forum in Caracas, the World Peace Forum 2006 in Vancouver (where the organisation labelled itself "Healing from War, Working for Peace") and the White Privilege Conference 2006 in Pella, Iowa. Barbara Love, the RC "International Liberation Reference Person for People of African Heritage", was a keynote speaker at this conference. A delegation from UER attended the United States Social Forum (USSF) in 2007 and the fifth European Social Forum in Malmo, Sweden, in 2008. In addition to sending representatives to activist conferences, individual members of RC sometimes present small "UER" events or workshops, often in association with other anti-racism efforts in their local area. United to End Racism is one of a number of non-profit organizations that represent RC in public forums. Harvey Jackins, founder of the RC movement, encouraged members of RC to create such organizations to spread RC ideas and objectives along lines decided by the RC leadership; previous well known examples of this tactic include Nuclear Freeze campaigns in the 1980s and the US-based National Coalition Building Institute, founded by RC'er Cherie Brown. Jackins' son, Tim Jackins, the current world leader of RC, is also the de facto leader of UER. The organisation appears solely to exist to service activist conferences as an invited body, and only sporadically carries out other activities. It has no separate membership from RC and is managed from Personal Counselors, Inc (recently renamed "Re-evaluation Counseling Community Resources, Inc"), the office of RC in Seattle. Officers of UER are members of Re-evaluation Counseling and UER policies are determined by the RC leadership. References External links United To End Racism Home Page on the RC Website (archived on Feb 18 2007) Current UER Home Page (Jun 2021) Anti-racist organizations in the United States Counseling organizations Front organizations	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United%20to%20End%20Racism
Katie Daryl is an American television host and producer, best known for her work on the Hollywood gossip show TMZ and currently the host and executive producer of the AXS TV music count-down series The Top Ten Revealed. Katie started her broadcasting career as a part-time radio DJ at the age of 15. While attending Arizona State University, where she was Fiesta Bowl Princess in 1999–2000, she moved her way up the radio chain and worked as a morning show radio producer for KISS-FM in Phoenix, Arizona. One of her jobs in college was an internship at the Sports Fan Radio Network through the Association for Women in Sports Media, in 1998. When she realized that morning radio meant waking up at 4 am, she moved to New York City where she became a reporter for the MTV political show "Choose or Lose". She then worked in FM radio in Dallas, Texas. Soon thereafter, she found herself sitting next to Mark Cuban as the co-host of "The Mark Cuban Show" for two seasons on UPN and CBS. Katie joined Mark Cuban's HDNet team as host and producer of "True Music" in 2002, host of "Zippo Hot Tour" in 2005 and "Deadline!" from 2006–2012. The Mark Cuban-founded channel re-branded from HDNet to AXS TV on July 2, 2012, where she hosted and executive produced "The World's Greatest Tribute Bands" for eight seasons from 2013–2017, for which she won the CableFAX Program Award for "Best Host - Music" in 2017. Katie also contributes in a variety of hosting roles for the network. In 2017, Katie Daryl began developing an original count-down series for AXS TV called The Top Ten Revealed, where Katie and a rotating panel of experts put the spotlight on a diverse range of music topics including the best guitar intros, Vietnam-era anthems and more. The series premiered with six episodes on Feb. 11, 2018 and returned on July 1, 2018 with a second cycle of new episodes. Personal life Katie is married to Amy Adams' brother Eddie. References External links IMDb Official site KISS-FM American television reporters and correspondents Living people Arizona State University alumni Television personalities from Phoenix, Arizona Mass media people from Dallas Journalists from Texas Year of birth missing (living people)	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katie%20Daryl
The Borneo peat swamp forests ecoregion, within the tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests biome, are on the island of Borneo, which is divided between Brunei, Indonesia and Malaysia. Location and description Peat swamp forests occur where waterlogged soils prevent dead leaves and wood from fully decomposing, which over time creates thick layer of acidic peat. The peat swamp forests on Borneo occur in the Indonesian state of Kalimantan, the Malaysian state of Sarawak and in the Belait District of Brunei on coastal lowlands, built up behind the brackish mangrove forests and bounded by the Borneo lowland rain forests on better-drained soils. There are also areas of inland river-fed peat forest at higher elevations in central Kalimantan around the Mahakam Lakes and Lake Sentarum on the Kapuas River. Borneo has a tropical monsoon climate. Recent history Over the past decade, the government of Indonesia has drained over 1 million hectares of the Borneo peat swamp forests for conversion to agricultural land under the Mega Rice Project (MRP). Between 1996 and 1998, more than 4,000 km of drainage and irrigation channels were dug, and deforestation accelerated in part through legal and illegal logging and in part through burning. The water channels, and the roads and railways built for legal forestry, opened up the region to illegal forestry. In the MRP area, forest cover dropped from 64.8% in 1991 to 45.7% in 2000, and clearance has continued since then. It appears that almost all the marketable trees have now been removed from the areas covered by the MRP. What happened was not what had been expected: the channels drained the peat forests rather than irrigating them. Where the forests had often flooded up to 2m deep in the rainy season, now their surface is dry at all times of the year. The Indonesian government has now abandoned the MRP. Fires Fires were used in an attempt to create agricultural lands, including large palm tree plantations to supply palm oil. The dried-out peat ignites easily and also burns underground, travelling unseen beneath the surface to break out in unexpected locations. Therefore, after drainage, fires ravaged the area, destroying remaining forest and large numbers of birds, animals, reptiles and other wildlife along with new agriculture, even damaging nature reserves such as Muara Kaman and filling the air above Borneo and beyond with dense smoke and haze and releasing enormous quantities of CO2 into the atmosphere. The destruction had a major negative impact on the livelihoods of people in the area. It caused major smog-related health problems amongst half a million people, who suffered from respiratory problems. The dry years of 1997-8 and 2002-3 (see El Niño) in particular saw huge fires in the drained and drying-out peat swamp forests. A study for the European Space Agency found that the peat swamp forests are a significant carbon sink for the planet, and that the fires of 1997-8 may have released up to 2.5 billion tonnes, and the 2002-3 fires between 200 million to 1 billion tonnes, of carbon into the atmosphere. Using satellite images from before and after the 1997 fires, scientists calculated (Page et al, 2002) that of the that had burned 91.5% was peatland . Using ground measurements of the burn depth of peat, they estimated that 0.19–0.23 gigatonnes (Gt) of carbon were released into the atmosphere through peat combustion, with a further 0.05 Gt released from burning of the overlying vegetation. Extrapolating these estimates to Indonesia as a whole, they estimated that between 0.81 and 2.57 Gt of carbon were released to the atmosphere in 1997 as a result of burning peat and vegetation in Indonesia. This is equivalent to 13–40% of the mean annual global carbon emissions from fossil fuels, and contributed greatly to the largest annual increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration detected since records began in 1957. Indonesia is currently the world's third largest carbon emitter, to a large extent due to the destruction of its ancient peat swamp forests (Pearce 2007). Ecology About 62% of the world's tropical peat lands occur in the Indo-Malayan region (80% in Indonesia, 11% in Malaysia, 6% in Papua New Guinea, with small pockets and remnants in Brunei, Vietnam, the Philippines and Thailand). They are unusual ecosystems, with trees up to 70 m high - vastly different from the peat lands of the north temperate and boreal zones (which are dominated by Sphagnum mosses, grasses, sedges and shrubs). The spongy, unstable, waterlogged, anaerobic beds of peat can be up to 20 m deep with low pH (pH 2.9 – 4) and low nutrients, and the forest floor is seasonally flooded. The water is stained dark brown by the tannins that leach from the fallen leaves and peat – hence the name 'blackwater swamps'. During the dry season, the peat remains waterlogged and pools remain among the trees. Despite the extreme conditions the Borneo peat swamp forests have as many as 927 species of flowering plants and ferns recorded (In comparison, a biodiversity study in the Pekan peat swamp forest in Peninsular Malaysia reported 260 plant species). Patterns of forest type can be seen in circles from the centre of the swamps to their outer fringes which are made up of most of the tree families recorded in lowland dipterocarp forests although many species are only found here . Many trees have buttresses and stilt roots for support in the unstable substrate, and pneumatophores and hoop roots and knee roots to facilitate gas exchange. The trees have thick, root mats in the upper 50 cm of the peat to enable oxygen and nutrient uptake. The lowland peat swamps of Borneo are mostly geologically recent (<5,000 years old), low-lying coastal formations above marine muds and sands but some of the lakeside peat forests of Kalimantan are up to 11,000 years old. One reason for the low nutrient conditions is that streams and rivers do not flow into these forests (if they did, nutrient rich freshwater swamps would result), water only flows out of them, so the only input of nutrients is from rainfall, marine aerosols and dust. In order to cope with the lack of nutrients, the plants invest heavily in defences against herbivores such as chemical (toxic secondary compounds) and physical defences (tough leathery leaves, spines and thorns). It is these defences that prevent the leaves from decaying and so they build up as peat. Although the cellular contents quickly leach out of the leaves when they fall, the physical structure is resistant to both bacterial and fungal decomposition and so remains intact, slowly breaking down to form peat (Yule and Gomez 2008). This is in stark contrast to the lowland dipterocarp forests where leaf decomposition is extremely rapid, resulting in very fast nutrient cycling on the forest floor. If non-endemic leaf species are placed in the peat swamp forests, they break down quite quickly, but even after one year submerged in the swamp, endemic species remain virtually unchanged (Yule and Gomez 2008). The only nutrients available for the trees are thus the ones that leach from the leaves when they fall, and these nutrients are rapidly absorbed by the thick root mat. It was previously assumed that the low pH and anaerobic conditions of the tropical peat swamps meant that bacteria and fungi could not survive, but recent studies have shown diverse and abundant communities (albeit not nearly as diverse as dry land tropical rainforests, or freshwater swamps) (Voglmayr and Yule 2006; Jackson, Liew and Yule 2008). Fauna These forests are home to wildlife including gibbons, orangutans, and crocodiles. In particular the riverbanks of the swamps are important habitats for the crab-eating macaque (Macaca fascicularis) and the silvery lutung (Presbytis cristata) and are the main habitat of Borneo's unique and endangered proboscis monkey (Nasalis larvatus) which can swim well in the rivers, and the Borneo roundleaf bat (Hipposideros doriae). There are two birds endemic to the peat forests, the Javan white-eye (Zosterops flavus) and the hook-billed bulbul (Setornis criniger) while more than 200 species of birds have been recorded in Tanjung Puting National Park in Kalimantan. Rivers of the peat swamps are home to the rare arowana fish (Scleropages formosus), otters, waterbirds, false gharials and crocodiles. Another small species of fish are the Parosphromenus which are also extremely endangered. The parosphromenus species are small fish of extreme beauty. Conservation Attempts at conservation have been minimal in comparison to recent devastation while commercial logging of peat swamp forest in Sarawak is ongoing and planned to intensify in Brunei. One plan by the environmental NGO Borneo Orangutan Survival is to preserve the peat swamp forest of Mawas using a combination of carbon finance and debt-for-nature-swap. Peatland conservation and rehabilitation are more efficient undertakings than reducing deforestation (in terms of claiming carbon credits through REDD initiatives) due to the much larger reduced emissions achievable per unit area and the much lower opportunity costs involved. 9.317% of the ecoregion is within protected areas, the largest of which are Tanjung Puting and Sabangau National Parks. They also include Belait Peat Swamp (Ulu Mendaram Conservation Forest Reserve) and portions of Rajang Mangrove, Lambir Hills, Loagan Bunut, Bruit, Maludam, Gunung Palung, Danau Sentarum, Ulu Sebuyau, Sedilu, Kuching Wetland, and Gunung Lesong national parks. See also Mega Rice Project (Kalimantan) 1997 Southeast Asian haze 2006 Southeast Asian haze Sabangau River Kahayan River Tropical peat Deforestation in Borneo Borneo Orangutan Survival Foundation Peninsular Malaysian peat swamp forests Social and environmental impact of palm oil Environmental issues in Indonesia The Burning Season References Sources Jackson, C.R., Liew, K.C. and Yule, C.M (2008) Structural and functional changes with depth in microbial communities in tropical peat swamp forest sediments. Microbial Ecology Page SE, Siegert F, Rieley JO, Boehm H-DV, Jaya A and Limin S (2002) The amount of carbon released from peat and forest fires in Indonesia during 1997. Nature 420, 61-65 (7 November 2002) Pearce F (2007) Bog barons: Indonesia's carbon catastrophe. New Scientist 1 December 2007. Yule, C.M. and Gomez, L. (2008). Leaf litter decomposition in a tropical peat swamp forest in Peninsular Malaysia. Wetlands Ecology and Management. Voglmayr, H. and Yule, C.M. (2006) Polyancora globosa gen. et sp. nov., an aeroaquatic fungus from Malaysian peat swamp forests. Mycological Research. 110:1242-1252. External links Envisat focuses on carbon-rich peat swamp forest fires (European Space Agency) Smoking out the world's lungs BBC report (accessed 12 February 2007) Borneo Ecoregions of Brunei Ecoregions of Indonesia Ecoregions of Malaysia Ecoregions of Malesia Indomalayan ecoregions Natural history of Brunei Tropical and subtropical moist broadleaf forests	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Borneo%20peat%20swamp%20forests
The word "Revol" is used in the following contexts: Revol (song), a 1994 single by the Manic Street Preachers Revol Wireless, an Ohio-based wireless provider Revol Porcelaine, a French porcelain manufacturer Revol (surname), people with Revol as their surname	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Revol
The Armenian-Azerbaijani war (1918–1920) was a conflict that took place in the South Caucasus in regions with a mixed Armenian-Azerbaijani population, broadly encompassing what are now modern-day Azerbaijan and Armenia. It began during the final months of World War I and ended with the establishment of Soviet rule. The conflict took place against the backdrop of the Russian Civil War and the partition of the Ottoman Empire. Mutual territorial claims, made by the newly formed Azerbaijan Democratic Republic and Republic of Armenia, led to their respective support for Azerbaijani and Armenian militias in the disputed territories. Armenia fought against Azerbaijani militias in the Erivan Governorate of the former Russian Empire, while Azerbaijan fought Armenian claims to the Karabakh region. The war was characterized by outbreaks of massacres and ethnic cleansing (such as the March Days, the September Days, the Shusha massacre, and more broadly, the Massacres of Azerbaijanis in Armenia), which changed the demographics of the region. Hostilities broadly came to an end when the Soviet's 11th Army invaded and occupied both Azerbaijan and Armenia. Background War proper On 30 March 1918, the Soviets, based on the unfounded report that the Muslim crew of the ship Evelina was armed and ready to revolt against the Soviets, disarmed the crew, which tried to resist. This led to three days fighting, resulting in the death of up to 12,000 Azerbaijanis. Fight for Baku and Karabakh, 1918–19 At the same time the Baku Commune was involved in heavy fighting with the advancing Caucasian Ottoman Army in and around Ganja. The Ottoman Empire's Enver Pasha began to move forward with the newly established Army of Islam. Major battles occurred in Yevlakh and Agdash. British General Lionel Dunsterville ordered the evacuation of the city on 14 September, after six weeks of occupation, and withdrew to Iran; most of the Armenian population escaped with British forces. The Ottoman Army of Islam and its Azerbaijani allies, led by Nuri Pasha, entered Baku on 15 September and killed between 10,000–20,000 Armenians in retaliation for the March massacre of Muslims. The capital of the Azerbaijan was finally moved from Ganja to Baku. However, after the Armistice of Mudros between the United Kingdom and the Ottoman Empire on 30 October, Turkish troops were substituted by the Triple Entente. Headed by British Gen. W. Thomson, who had declared himself the military governor of Baku, 1,000 Commonwealth soldiers arrived in Baku on 17 November 1918. By Gen. Thomson's order, martial law was implemented in Baku. The Armenian government tried several times to seize Shusha militarily. In 1918, the Karabakh Council was declared in the region. However, throughout the summer of 1918 Armenians in the mountainous Karabag region, under the leadership of Andranik Ozanian, resisted the Ottoman 3rd Army. After the Armistice the Ottoman Empire began to withdraw its forces and Armenian forces under Andranik seized Nagorno-Karabakh. Armistice of Mudros brought Gen. Andranik the chance to create a base for further expansion eastward and form a strategic corridor extending into Nakhichevan. In January 1919 Armenian troops advanced towards Shusha. They captured nine Azerbaijani villages on their way. Just before the Armistice of Mudros was signed, Andranik Ozanian was on the way from Zangezur to Shusha to take control of the main city of Karabakh. In January 1919, with Armenian troops advancing, the British military command asked Andranik back to Zangezur with the assurances that this conflict could be solved with the Paris Peace Conference. Andranik pulled back his units and the British command at Baku gave control to Khosrov bey Sultanov, a native of Karabakh and "ardent pan-Turkist", who was appointed the general-governor of Karabakh and ordered by the British to "squash any unrest in the region". Sultanov ordered attacks on Armenian villages the next day, increased the sizes of Azerbaijani garrisons in Shusha and Khankendi and drew up plans to destroy several Armenian villages to sever the link between Armenians in Karabakh and the region of Zangezur. Fight for Nakhichevan, 1919–20 In response to a border proposal by Sir John Oliver Wardrop—British Chief Commissioner in the South Caucasus—that would have assigned Nakhichevan to Armenia, Azerbaijanis of Nakhichevan revolted under the leadership of local landowner Jafargulu Khan Nakhichevanski in December 1918 and declared the independent Republic of Aras, with its capital in Nakhichevan. The republic, which was essentially subordinate to Azerbaijan, continued to exist until mid-June 1919, when Armenian troops led by Drastamat Kanayan advanced into it to gain control over the region. They managed to capture the city of Nakhichevan in June 1919 and destroy the Republic of Aras, but afterwards fought combined regular Azerbaijani and Ottoman troops, who reinstated Azerbaijani control over the city in July. On 10 August 1919, a ceasefire was signed. An American Commission to Negotiate Peace telegram, speaking on the conflict, stated: Fighting resumed in March 1920 and continued until the Sovietization of Nakhichevan in 1920 by the 11th Red Army, now including former Azerbaijan Democratic Republic troops. Fight for Zangezur / Syunik, November 1919 Following the controversial withdrawal of British forces from the Transcaucasus in mid-1919 and the subjugation of the Karabakh Council to Azerbaijan in August 1919, Dr. Khosrov bey Sultanov beseeched his government to help him "overcome 'the Armenian bandits' blocking the routes to the summer grazing lands and to convert his titular position as governor-general of Karabagh and Zangezur / Syunik into reality." His call for assistance was also prompted by the antagonizing reports of Muslim villages in Zangezur / Syunik being pillaged by irregular Armenian forces and its inhabitants fleeing into Azerbaijan as refugees. Accordingly, the Azerbaijani army began to plan its invasion of Zangezur with the strategic objective of reaching the rebelling Nakhichevan and Sharur-Daralagez uyezds and incorporating them into Azerbaijan. On 3 November 1919, the Azerbaijani army, supplemented by auxiliary Kurdish cavalry launched a full-scale attack into the Armenian-controlled section of Zangezur / Syunik, successful in briefly occupying some bordering Armenian villages before being decisively defeated and forced out by the local Armenians, led by partisan commanders Colonel Shahmazian and Garegin Nzhdeh. A notable historian on the topic, Hovannisian, describes the conflict:Preliminary skirmishes involving the Kurdo-Tatar partisans of Haji-Samlu were followed by a general Azerbaijani offensive at dawn on November 4. Under cover of a dense fog, the advancing regiments flanked the Armenian forward trenches and captured the first line of defense. By the next afternoon Bayandur, Khnadsakh, Korindzor, and Tegh had fallen, Khoznavar was in flames, and Azerbaijani artillery was bombarding the heights (Kechel-dagh) overlooking Goris. At nightfall Azerbaijani crescent-shaped fires burned on these heights. Elsewhere, Muslim bands from Sharur-Nakhichevan invested Nors-Mazra and other villages near Sisian, and two Turkish-officered platoons cut across the rugged Zangezur mountains from Ordubad into the Muslim stronghold of Okhchichai. Throughout Zangezur the imperiled Muslim population took heart in anticipation of liberation by the Azerbaijani army.Such hopes were cut short, however, by the counterattack Shahmazian mounted on November 6 after concentrating all available units on the Goris front. Artillerymen ... made direct hits on the Azerbaijani positions on Kechel-dagh, which was recaptured by Armenian companies ... The Kurdish irregulars were the first to break ranks and scatter into the mountains around Minkend, while the Azerbaijani regulars withdrew toward Tegh and the vale of Zabukh. Having gained the initiative, the Armenians charged the Azerbaijani lines, decimating Edigarov's cavalry regiment in cross fire, reportedly inflicting several hundred casualties on the infantry, capturing 100,000 rounds of ammunition and six machine guns near Khoznavar, and putting two cannons and more than twenty machine guns out of commission. By November 9 the Azerbaijani army was retreating in disarray toward Zabukh and the northern mountainous bypaths to Karabagh. Within a week after the invasion began, the Armenians of Zangezur were celebrating an impressive victory. Fight for Karabakh, early 1920 The largest escalation of the Armenian-Azerbaijani conflict occurred in mid-March 1920 during the botched Karabakh uprising culminating in the massacre and expulsion of Shushi's majority Armenian population. Through 1918-1919, the area of Mountainous Karabakh was under the de facto administration of the local Armenian Karabakh Council, which was supported by the region's overwhelmingly Armenian population. During this period, Azerbaijan several times attempted to assert its authority over the region, backed by the British governor of Baku, Lieutenant General Thomson, who appointed Dr. Khosrov bey Sultanov as governor-general of Karabakh and Zangezur with the intention of annexing the Karabakh Council into Azerbaijan. In 1919, under threat of extermination (demonstrated by the Khaibalikend Massacre), the Karabakh Council was forced to sign an agreement to provisionally recognize and submit to Azerbaijani jurisdiction until its status was decided at the Paris Peace Conference. Ending early 1920, the Paris Peace Conference was inconclusive in the resolution of the Transcaucasian territorial disputes, therefore, the Armenia, by this time in a much stronger position to assert itself, took it upon themselves to emancipate the Armenians of Karabakh from their callous Azerbaijani governor. Subversive preparations began for a staged uprising in the region of the Karabakh Council, timed to coincide with Azerbaijani Novruz celebrations. The uprising due to its poor coordination was unsuccessful in ousting the Azerbaijani garrisons from Shushi and neighboring Khankend, resulting in a pogrom in Shusha, in which Azerbaijani soldiers and residents burned and looted half of the city, murdering, raping and expelling its erstwhile majority Armenian inhabitants. After the occurrence of the uprising, the forces of Garegin Nzhdeh and Dro Kanayan were ordered by the Armenian government to assist the Karabakh rebels, at the same time, Azerbaijan moved most of its army westward to crush the Armenian resistance and cut off any reinforcements, despite the threat of the approaching 11th Red Army of Bolshevik Russia from the north. By Azerbaijan's Sovietization barely a month after the uprising began, Azerbaijani forces were able to maintain control over the central cities of Karabakh, Shusha and Khankend, whilst its immediate surroundings were in the control of local partisans supplemented by Armenian army reinforcements. Since Dro had been explicitly ordered by the Armenian Government not to engage the Red Army, he was unable to execute the attack to capture Shusha, whose Azerbaijani defenders had been supplanted by the Red Army. The situation persisted until the overwhelming Bolshevik army drove out the Armenian army detachments from the region, after which the fears of the Armenians of Karabakh were alleviated by virtue of returning to the stability of Russian control. Fight for Kazakh, early 1920 On 5 April 1920, skirmishes began along the Armenian–Azerbaijani border as the governor and commander of Kazakh (Qazax) increased security forces in the region, expecting that the Armenian army would create a diversion to relieve pressure on Karabakh. Azerbaijani forces occupied the heights above the villages of Tatlu (Tatlı) and Paravakar, prompting Armenian residents to dislodge the Azerbaijanis and sparking the 2-week border battles that saw Azerbaijan capture Kalacha (Berdavan) and Kotkend (Koti) while attacking Tasalu, Dvegh (Dovegh), Koshkotan (Voskevan), and Barana (Noyemberyan) on 7 April. While a cease-fire was negotiated on 9 April, the Azerbaijani army subsequently invaded Tatlu and Lalakend, burning the Armenian villages of Badakend (Ələsgərli) and Chardakhlu (Çardaqlı) on the Azerbaijani side of the border. Azerbaijani Prime Minister Fatali Khan Khoyski accused Armenia of violating the truce by attacking the Azerbaijani settlements of Upper Askipara and Lower Askipara, Salakhli, and 6 other Azerbaijani settlements on April 12. Tensions along the border were ultimately relieved on 18 April when officials from Dilijan and Kazakh agreed on an 11-point ceasefire agreement that included the repatriation of all displaced residents and the restoration of the former boundary. Aftermath Sovietization of Azerbaijan, April 1920 In early April 1920, Republic of Azerbaijan was in a very troubled condition. In the west the Armenians still controlled large parts of territory claimed by Azerbaijan; in the east, local Azerbaijani communists were rebelling against the government; and to the north the Russian Red Army was steadily moving southward, having defeated Denikin's White Russian forces. On 27 April 1920, the government of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic received notice that the Soviet Army was about to cross the northern border and invade Azerbaijan. Faced with such a difficult situation, the government officially surrendered to the Soviets, but many generals and local Azerbaijani militias kept resisting the advance of Soviet forces and it took a while for the Soviets to stabilize the newly proclaimed Azerbaijan Soviet Socialist Republic, headed by leading Azerbaijani Bolshevik Nariman Narimanov. While the Azerbaijani government and army were in chaos, the Armenian army and local Armenian militias used the opportunity to assert their control over parts of Azerbaijani territory, invading Shusha, Khankendi, and other important cities. By the end of April, Armenian forces were controlling most of western Azerbaijan, including all of Karabakh and surrounding areas. Other occupied areas included all of Nakhichevan and much of the Kazakh-Shamshadin district. In the meantime, Armenian communists attempted a coup in Armenia, but ultimately failed. Soviet takeover, May 1920 In 1920–21, the only solution to this dispute could come either by military victory—as basically happened in Anatolia, Zangezur and Nakhichevan—or by the imposition from above of a new structure by an imperial power. After the British failed to impose a settlement, the imperial arbiters turned out to be the Bolsheviks, whose 11th Army conquered Karabakh in May 1920. On 5 July 1921, the Bolsheviks' Caucasian Committee, the Kavbiuro, under the chairmanship of Joseph Stalin decided that the mountainous part of Karabakh would remain under the jurisdiction and sovereignty of Azerbaijan. In July 1923, the Nagorny (or Mountainous) Karabakh Autonomous Region (NKAO) was established within Azerbaijan, with borders that gave it an overwhelming Armenian majority of 94% of the total inhabitants. End of hostilities, September–November 1920 In late November there was yet another Soviet-backed communist uprising in Armenia. On 28 November, blaming Armenia for the invasions of Şərur on 20 November 1920 and Karabakh the following day, the 11th Red Army under the command of Gen. Anatoliy Gekker, crossed the demarcation line between First Republic of Armenia and Soviet Azerbaijan. The second Soviet-Armenian war lasted only a week. Sovietization of Armenia, December 1920 On 4 December 1920, when the Red Army entered Yerevan, the government of the First Republic of Armenia effectively surrendered. On 5 December, the Armenian Revolutionary Committee (Revkom), made up of mostly Armenians from Azerbaijan, also entered the city. Finally, on 6 December, Felix Dzerzhinsky's dreaded secret police, the Cheka, entered Yerevan, thus effectively ending all existence of the First Republic of Armenia. The Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic was then proclaimed, under the leadership of Gevork Atarbekyan. On 18 February 1921, a national revolt against Bolsheviks started. Gen. Garegin Nzhdeh, commander Garo Sasouni and the last Prime Minister of independent Armenia Simon Vratsyan took the lead of the anti-Bolshevik rebellion and forced out the Bolsheviks from Yerevan and other places. By April, the Red Army reconquered most part of Armenia. However, Atarbekyan was dismissed and Aleksandr Miasnikyan, an Armenian high-ranking Red Army commander, replaced him. Garegin Nzhdeh left the Zangezur mountains after the Sovietization of Armenia was finalized in July 1921, leaving Azerbaijani-populated villages cleansed of their population. Persuaded by Soviet leadership, Zangezur had already been ceded by Azerbaijan to Armenia in November 1920 as a "symbol of friendship". Treaty of Kars, 23 October 1921 The violence in Transcaucasia was finally settled in a friendship treaty between Turkey and the Soviet Union. The peace Treaty of Kars was signed in Kars by representatives of the Russian SFSR, Azerbaijan SSR, Armenian SSR, Georgian SSR and Turkey. Turkey had another agreement, the "Treaty on Friendship and Brotherhood", also called the Treaty of Moscow, signed on 16 March 1921 with Soviet Russia. By this treaty, Nakhichevan was granted the status of an autonomous region under Azerbaijan's protectorate, on the condition that the rights for protectorate would never be transferred to a third state. Turkey and Russia became guarantors of Nakhichevan's status. Turkey agreed to return Alexandropol to Armenia and Batumi to Georgia. Notes References External links Armenian- Azerbaijani War of 1919 – 1920 (In Russian) Soviet-Armenian War and the Collapse of the First Republic: November–December, 1920 GENERAL 1918 in Armenia 1919 in Armenia 1920 in Armenia 1918 in Azerbaijan 1919 in Azerbaijan 1920 in Azerbaijan Azerbaijan Democratic Republic Conflicts in 1918 Conflicts in 1919 Conflicts in 1920 First Republic of Armenia History of the Republic of Artsakh Russian Civil War Wars involving Armenia Wars involving Azerbaijan Wars involving the Ottoman Empire Wars involving the United Kingdom Armenia–Azerbaijan relations History of Turkey World War I Battles involving Azerbaijan Democratic Republic Armenia–Azerbaijan military relations	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenian%E2%80%93Azerbaijani%20war%20%281918%E2%80%931920%29
Cold Copper Tears is a fantasy novel by American writer Glen Cook, the third novel in his ongoing Garrett P.I. series. The series combines elements of mystery and fantasy as it follows the adventures of private investigator Garrett. Plot introduction Garrett is a hardboiled detective living in the city of TunFaire, a melting pot of different races, cultures, religions, and species. When people have problems, they often come to Garrett for help, but trouble has a way of finding Garrett on its own, whether he likes it or not. Plot summary Garrett is hired by a beautiful young woman calling herself Jill Craight to find out who has broken into her apartment and why. Immediately after, a Magister Peridont comes to Garrett to try to get him to investigate the disappearance of some famous religious relics (Magister is the title given to the extremely rare wizard officially sanctioned by the largest and most powerful religious denomination in Tunfaire); Garrett respectfully declines. After getting attacked by a gang called the Vampires, Garrett goes to his old friend Maya, leader of the Doom, a all-girl gang, for advice. Maya informs Garrett that Jill was a former member of the Doom, and that she is a chronic liar. Maya invites herself along to learn his trade. Garrett turns up no leads and is not even quite sure what to investigate. His one clue is some odd coins tying together Jill and the Vampires. Garrett asks Peridont about the coins, then heads over to the Royal Assay office for help. After learning nothing new, Garrett heads home, where he is visited again by Peridont, who informs him that Miss Craight was in fact his mistress, and now she is missing. The story gets more complicated when Garrett visits crime lord Chodo Contague, whose house gets attacked by magical forces. Garrett saves Chodo's life. Outraged by this brazen assault, Chodo applies his considerable resources and henchmen to Garrett's case. Garrett and Maya take their search for Jill to the Tenderloin, the red-light district of TunFaire. When they return home, they find the same magical forces that attacked Chodo's mansion trying to tear apart Garrett's home. After the Dead Man fends them off, he informs Garrett that another dead Loghyr is behind the magical attacks. Eventually, Garrett and the Dead Man manage to tie together the church, the missing relics, the other Loghyr, and Jill Craight. After discovering that Jill is hiding out in a church complex, Garrett and Morley break in and kidnap her and another of her lovers, a high status member of the Orthodox church. Garrett assembles everyone of importance at his house, and he and the Dead Man uncover the motives of all the parties present. Eventually, the relics are recovered and the other Loghyr is neutralized (though forcing a dead Loghyr to leave this existence requires a prolonged effort). Characters Garrett The Dead Man Dean Morley Dotes Jill Craight Magister Peridont Saucerhead Tharpe Maya Crask and Sadler Chodo Contague Garrett P.I. 1988 American novels American fantasy novels	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cold%20Copper%20Tears
The Albany Symphony Orchestra is a professional symphony orchestra based in Albany, New York. Founded in 1930 as the People's Orchestra of Albany by Italian-born conductor John Carabella, the Albany Symphony is the oldest professional symphony orchestra based in New York's Capital District. The orchestra annually performs at venues such as the Palace Theatre in Albany and the Troy Savings Bank Music Hall in Troy, NY. David Alan Miller has served as Music Director and Conductor of the orchestra since 1992. Former music directors have included John Carabella, Rudolf Thomas, Ole Windingstad, Edgar Curtis, Julius Hegyi, and Geoffrey Simon. Since the 1980s, the Albany Symphony has released more than 20 CDs, encompassing nearly 60 works, for New World Records, CRI Records, Albany Records, Argo, Naxos, and London/Decca. The orchestra won a Grammy Award in 2014 and in 2021 and was nominated for an award in 2020. The Albany Symphony is unique in its mission statement to perform new works by modern composers, thereby exposing audiences to a new generation of orchestral music. History Founded in 1930 as the People's Orchestra of Albany by Italian-born conductor John Carabella, the Albany Symphony is the oldest professional symphony orchestra based in New York's Capital District. The Albany Symphony celebrated its 75th anniversary during the 2005/2006 season, which included solo appearances by cellist Yo-Yo Ma, bassist Edgar Meyer, violinist Yura Lee, baritone Nathan Myers, violinist Colin Jacobsen, pianist Joel Fan, violinist Jonathan Gandelsman, clarinetist Susan Martula, pianist Findlay Cockrell, percussionist Colin Currie, flutist Paolo Bortolussi, pianist Yefim Bronfman, violinist Nadja Salerno-Sonnenberg, and Frederic Lacroix. Also during the season, the Albany Symphony presented several world premiere performances of commissioned works by composers such as Stephen Dankner, Michael Woods, Bun Ching Lam, Carolyn Yarnell, and Michael Torke. The Albany Symphony has performed with a wide variety of guest artists, including violinist Joshua Bell who was featured during the orchestra's 77th season in a concert that included Mendelssohn's Violin Concerto and selections from West Side Story. Music Directors John Carabella (1930–1938) Rudolph Thomas (1939–1944) Ole Windingstad (1945–1947) Edgar Curtis (1948–1954) Julius Hegyi (1965–1988) Geoffrey Simon (1987–1991) George Lloyd (1990–1991) David Alan Miller (1992–present) Discography Peter Mennin. Albany Records 260 Peter Mennin: Concertato, "Moby Dick" Peter Mennin: Symphony No. 5 Peter Mennin: Fantasia for String Orchestra Peter Mennin: Symphony No. 6 Morton Gould. Albany Records 300 Morton Gould: Show Piece for Orchestra Morton Gould: Piano Concerto (Randall Hodgkinson, piano) Morton Gould: StringMusic The Great American Ninth. Albany Records 350 Roy Harris: Memories of a Child's Sunday Roy Harris: Symphony No. 9 Roy Harris: Symphony No. 8 (Alan Feinberg, piano) Brutal Reality. Albany Records 354 Richard Adams: Brutal Reality Arthur Bloom: Life is Like a Box of Chocolates Evan Chambers: Concerto for Fiddle, Violin and Orchestra (Jill Levy, violin; Nollaig Casey, fiddle) John Fitz Rogers: Verge Kamran Ince: Fest for Chamber Ensemble and Orchestra John Harbison. Albany Records 390 John Harbison: The Most Often Used Chords John Harbison: Symphony No. 3 John Harbison: Flute Concerto (Randolph Bowman, flute) Don Gillis. Albany Records 391 Don Gillis: Symphony "x" (The Big D) Don Gillis: Shindig Don Gillis: Encore Concerto (Alan Feinberg, piano) Don Gillis: Symphony No. 5 - 1/2 Benjamin Lees. Albany Records 441 Andrew Bishop: Crooning Allen Shawn: Piano Concerto (Ursula Oppens, piano) Paul Creston: Dance Overture Benjamin Lees: Piano Concerto No. 2 (Ian Hobson, piano) George Lloyd. Albany Reocords 458 George Lloyd: Cello Concerto (Anthony Ross, cello) George Lloyd: Orchestral Suite No. 1 from "The Serf" Gould & Harris. Albany Records 515 Roy Harris: Symphony No. 2 Morton Gould: Symphony No. 3 William Schuman. Albany Records 566 William Schuman: Credendum William Schuman: Concerto for Piano and Orchestra (John McCabe, piano) William Schuman: Symphony No. 4 Lopatnikoff, Helps, Thomson & Kurka. Albany Records 591 Nikolai Lopatnikoff: Festival Overture Robert Helps: Concerto No. 2 for Piano & Orchestra (Alan Feinberg, piano) Virgil Thomson: Filling Station (complete ballet) Robert Kurka: Symphony No. 2, Op. 24 Morton Gould Symphony No. 2. Albany Records 605 Steven Stucky: Son et Lumiere Gabriel Ian Gould: Watercolors (Robert Sheena, English horn) John Harbison: Cello Concerto (David Finckel, cello) Morton Gould: Symphony No. 2, "On Marching Tunes" Vincent Persichetti. Albany Records 771 Torke: Strawberry Fields. Ecstatic Records 92208 Michael Torke: Strawberry Fields Michael Torke: Pentecost for soprano and orchestra (Margaret Lloyd, soprano) Honors and awards The orchestra won the Grammy Award for Best Classical Instrumental Solo in 2014 for its recording of John Corigliano's Conjurer - Concerto for Percussionist & String Orchestra with soloist Evelyn Glennie on the Naxos label. The orchestra was nominated in 2020 for a recording of Derek Bermel’s Migration Series for Jazz Ensemble and Orchestra in the Grammy Award for Best Contemporary Classical Composition category. Conductor David Alan Miller was also nominated that year along with Tessa Lark for a recording of Michael Torke's Sky, Concerto for Violin in the Grammy Award for Best Classical Instrumental Solo category. In 2021, the orchestra won a second Grammy award in the Best Classical Instrumental Solo category with a recording of Theofandis' Concerto for Viola and Chamber Orchestra with soloist Richard O’Neill and with conductor David Alan Miller on the Albany Records label. The orchestra has won 26 awards from the American Society of Composers and Performers (ASCAP) for adventurous programming. ASCAP also awarded the orchestra the John S. Edwards Award for Strongest Commitment to New American Music in 2013 and 2014. References External links Musical groups established in 1930 Culture of Albany, New York Orchestras based in New York (state) Organizations based in Albany, New York 1930 establishments in New York (state) Albany Records artists	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albany%20Symphony%20Orchestra
Guido Virgilio Alvarenga Morales (born 24 August 1970, in Asunción) is a retired football (soccer) player from Paraguay, who was nicknamed "El Mago". He played as an attacking midfielder during his career. International Alvarenga made his international début for the Paraguay national football team on 14 June 1995 in a friendly match against Argentina (2-1 loss). He obtained a total number of 25 international caps, scoring three goals for the national side and was a participant at the 1992 Summer Olympics and at the 2002 FIFA World Cup. Club statistics National team statistics Honours Club Olimpia Asunción Recopa Sudamericana: 2003 References External links playerhistory Living people 1970 births Club Universitario de Deportes footballers Paraguayan men's footballers Paraguayan expatriate men's footballers Club Atlético Banfield footballers Expatriate men's footballers in Argentina Expatriate men's footballers in Mexico Expatriate men's footballers in Peru Cerro Porteño players Club Olimpia footballers Deportivo Mandiyú footballers Kawasaki Frontale players Expatriate men's footballers in Japan Paraguayan Primera División players Liga MX players J1 League players Club León footballers Club Libertad footballers Paraguay men's international footballers 2002 FIFA World Cup players Olympic footballers for Paraguay Footballers at the 1992 Summer Olympics 1991 Copa América players 1999 Copa América players 2001 Copa América players Footballers from Asunción Men's association football midfielders	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guido%20Alvarenga
Fort Washington, located near the community of Fort Washington, Maryland, was for many decades the only defensive fort protecting Washington, D.C. The original fort, overlooking the Potomac River, was completed in 1809, and was begun as Fort Warburton, but renamed in 1808. During the War of 1812, the fort was destroyed by its own garrison during a British advance. The current historic fort—maintained by the National Park Service—was initially constructed in 1824. It is a stone structure with a good cannon shot down the Potomac River. The fort was extensively remodeled in the 1840s and 1890s. The Fort was turned over to the U.S. Department of the Interior in 1946 after its last military personnel departed. The expansive grounds of the present Fort Washington Park, with its extensive hiking/bicycle paths and river view, are a scenic venue for picnicking, fishing, and outdoor recreation. Historical re-enactments are held periodically at the Fort, and there is a small museum. In 2006, repairs were done to shore up the crumbling outer wall, in preparation for the 200th anniversary. The Fort Washington Light, located below the fort, was established in 1857. The current tower, standing 28 feet tall, was constructed in 1882. History Native American, colonial, and early independence eras Native Americans of the Piscataway tribe had long lived in the area where Piscataway Creek meets the Potomac River in southern Maryland and understood the defensive value of the promontory above the river there. When Governor Leonard Calvert first explored the area in 1634, he "found the surrounding heights covered with Indians, to the number of about five hundred, in hostile array." After securing peace with the Piscataway, in 1645 an act for the defense of the province established a garrison of 100 men at the same site at the mouth of Piscataway creek. In 1661, Edward Digges, former Colonial Governor of Virginia established The Manor of Warburton on 1200 acres bounded by Piscataway Creek, the Potomac River and Swan Creek. His heirs continued to live on the property throughout the Colonial period. When George Washington built Mount Vernon, it was almost directly across the river from Warburton Manor. Washington would often visit with the Digges family, or pass through Warburton after crossing the river on his way to Upper Marlboro or Annapolis, Maryland. Through these visits, and from his vantage point at Mount Vernon, Washington became familiar with the Warburton location and came to understand its defensive advantages on the Potomac River. In 1794, as President, he directed Secretary of War Henry Knox to construct a fortification on the site, with a budget not to exceed $3,000. The money authorized was instead spent trying to construct a fort at Jones Point, on the Virginia side of the river. In 1798 Washington again urged that a fort be built at Digges Point, but no work was done. Finally, in 1805, when Congress was contemplating a second coastal fortification system, the Secretary of War directed Lieutenant Colonel Jonathan Williams to evaluate Digges Point for a "circular battery, say of twelve cannon." 1804–1814 Captain George Bomford was assigned to the work and the plans of Fort Madison at Annapolis were used for the Potomac fort. It was soon discovered that the four acres purchased from Thomas Digges was too small. Colonel Williams directed Captain Bomford to lay out the work again but on a reduced scale. The barracks was shifted to one side and one wing shortened to accommodate the new design. Work commenced on April 14, 1808 and was completed on December 1, 1809. It was anticipated that 120 artillerymen would be assigned to the post as a wartime garrison and gunboats from the Navy Yard would support the fort. Captain Bomford described the fort as "an enclosed work of masonry comprehending a semi elliptical face with a circular flank on the side next to the Potomac." There were also quarters for two companies and a total of 15 cannon. On the bluff above the fort, a masonry tower could house one company and six additional cannons. Later, Captain Bomford reported "Fort Washington was really an attempt to adopt a standardized plan to an unsuitable site. It violated a fundamental rule in the art of fortifications—the fort must suit its site." When completed, it was the only fortification on the Potomac River. Perpendicular earthen walls stood 14 feet above the bottom of the ditch that surrounded the river side of the fort. A tower facing the river contained six cannon. Although it mounted twelve or fifteen guns (later increased) which commanded the river below its position, the American Brigadier General William H. Winder, commanding the military district around Washington, feared that a determined naval force could nevertheless blast its way past the fort. It would then have Washington at its mercy. A survey the previous year also noted that the fort blockhouse was only able to resist musket fire, and could be destroyed by a cannon as small as a twelve-pounder. Its garrison consisted of 49 men under Captain Samuel T. Dyson, of the United States Army's Corps of Artillery, and elements of the U.S. 9th and 12th Infantry Regiments. On June 18, 1812, in response to British impressment of American sailors and other grievances, the United States declared war on the United Kingdom. At the time, Britain was also at war with Napoleonic France and, with their fleet thus engaged, there was very little activity along or against the American coasts. A British squadron did make an attempt to ascend the Potomac in July 1813, but turned back after meeting some resistance from militia and encountering treacherous shoals. As concern for the security of Washington rose, Major Pierre L'Enfant was sent to evaluate the fort and reported "the whole original design was bad and it is impossible to make a perfect work of it by any alterations." The Secretary of the Navy ordered an additional water battery of 9 guns to be built and manned by seamen under Lieutenant Decius Wadsworth. At this time, the name "Fort Washington" was gaining popularity but official correspondence often indicated Warburton, Digges Point, the Fort at Warburton, Fort Warburton and Fort Washington above the date line. Destruction In April, 1814, Napoleon abdicated and was exiled. This freed the British army and navy to focus on the conflict with the United States. In early August, part of a naval squadron under Captain James A. Gordon began ascending the Potomac River from the Chesapeake Bay. The Secretary of War, General John Armstrong, Jr., did not see any military value to Washington. He believed that the British movement toward the Capital was a ruse and insisted that their destination was actually Baltimore, so no effort was made to strengthen the Washington defenses. When the British Army did land near Washington, General Armstrong finally took measures to protect the Capital. On August 22, 1814 Brigadier General Robert Young was ordered to move his 600 militia to the Washington-Piscataway road to defend the approach to the fort now being called Fort Washington. Commander of the Washington defenses, General William Winder, sent orders to Captain Dyson "to advance a guard up to the main road upon all the roads leading to the fort, and in the event of his being taken in the rear of the fort by the enemy, to blow up the fort and retire across the river." Thomas Tingey, Commander of the Navy Yard, proposed placing Marines at Fort Washington but was refused by General Winder who did not consider Fort Washington tenable. On August 24, the British defeated the main militia force defending the Capital at Bladensburg and captured and set fire to the city. While the British Army was burning Washington there were only 56 men at Fort Warburton. The fort had 26 guns ranging from 50-pounder Columbiads to 6-pounder field pieces and over 3,000 pounds of cannon powder. Only nine guns were capable of firing down river (many of the other cannons lacked implements). On the 27th, the British fleet of 10 ships approached the fort. Captain Gordon's report states that "A little before sunset the squadron anchored just out of gunshot; the bomb vessels at once took up their position to cover the frigates in the projected attack at daylight next morning and began throwing shells until about 7:00pm. The garrison, to our great surprise, retreated from the fort; and a short time afterward Fort Washington was blown up." The next morning the fleet paused in front of the fort, completed the destruction, then sailed to and captured the city of Alexandria, Virginia, just a few miles upriver. Captain Dyson was subsequently relieved of his command and ordered to his home in Alexandria. A court martial found him guilty of abandoning his post and destroying government property. He was dismissed from the service, but received no other punishment. The Secretary of War, General Armstrong, was forced to retire and abandon his ambition to become President because of his failure to protect the Capital. Post-destruction to 1860 Within less than a month of its demolition, Fort Washington began to be rebuilt. The project was directed by James Monroe, acting secretary of war, who again hired Pierre Charles L'Enfant. As work progressed, however, the threat diminished. Concern about the defenses of Washington had lessened considerably by the time news arrived that a peace treaty had been signed in Ghent, Belgium, on December 24, 1814, and that American troops had handily defeated the British at the Battle of New Orleans, January 8, 1815. Even before the Treaty of Ghent, Monroe had begun to rein in L'Enfant. In November 1814 he questioned L'Enfant's removal of some of the old fort and asked for greater economy. L'Enfant was told to submit reports on the work in progress and to prepare detailed plans of the new fort for the War Department. Believing he had been insulted, L' Enfant refused to comply. On July 18, 1815, work was halted and two months later, on September 15, L'Enfant was dismissed. He was replaced by Lt. Col. Walker Armistead of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, who, within a few weeks, presented the first detailed plans of the proposed work. Construction of the new brick fort progressed steadily under the direction of Armistead's assistant, Capt. T.W. Maurice. On October 2, 1824, the fort was declared finished, though as yet unarmed. It had cost $426,000. In the 1840s the fort underwent an extensive remodeling program to bring it up to the standards of the third generation of coastal fortifications. Work crews constructed 88 permanent gun platforms (though the first guns were not emplaced until 1846), increased the height of the east wall, rebuilt the drawbridge, strengthened the powder magazines, and added a caponier to protect the approaches from Piscataway Creek. Growing shortages in the number of personnel after the Mexican War stretched the resources of the U.S. Army. At Fort Washington, as at many other posts, the garrison was withdrawn leaving only a skeleton maintenance staff. In fact, between 1853 and 1861, only one soldier, Ordnance Sergeant Joseph Cameron, was stationed full-time at the fort. 1861 to 1865 As sectional differences increased and the country moved closer to the horror of civil war, Fort Washington found itself in a precarious position: near the Nation's Capital, across the river from the most populous slave state, and itself in a slave state with a large secessionist following. By February 1861, after South Carolina and six other states had declared their independence from the United States, the possibility loomed that Virginia would also secede, making the fort's geographic position critical. Other observers saw a threat from the southern sympathizers residing in Prince Georges County, Md., where the fort was located. On January 1, 1861, Secretary of the Navy Isaac Toucey issued an order for the defense of the capital. The task of putting the defenses in order fell to an Army engineer officer, Lt. George Washington Custis Lee, son of Col. Robert E. Lee. By early May 1861 both Lees would resign their commissions in the U.S. Army and offer their services to their home state, Virginia. On January 5, 1861, Ordnance Sergeant Joseph Cameron asked for troops to be sent to Fort Washington. The next day, Captain Algernon S. Taylor and 40 U.S. Marines arrived from the Navy Yard to hold the fort until trained artillery units could be sent. Taylor feared that the 40 Marines were not enough and asked for reinforcements. On January 26, 1861, a company of U.S. Army recruits relieved the Marines. On April 15, the day after Fort Sumter surrendered in Charleston harbor, the War Department sent Company D of the 1st U.S. Artillery to Fort Washington. It was commanded by Capt. Joseph A. Haskin, who had arrived in Washington from Baton Rouge, La., where he had been forced to surrender the federal arsenal and barracks to local secessionists earlier in the year. For a time Fort Washington was the only defense for the national capital, and it was vitally important, for it controlled movement on the river. Quickly, however, Maj. Gen. John G. Barnard of the Corps of Engineers directed the building of a string of 68 enclosed earthen forts and batteries to protect all approaches to Washington. By the end of the war, 20 miles of rifle pits and more than 30 miles of military roads encircled the city. Ultimately, the fort did not see any action during the war, as it was not a factor in any land campaign and the Confederate Navy never attempted to raid the city from the Potomac River. 1872 to 1889 At the end of the Civil War, federal officials took a close look at the nation's coastal defense system. They found that U.S. coastal waters were vulnerable to ships carrying 12-inch guns and of less than 24-foot draft. In short, the U.S. coastline was vulnerable to the world's major naval powers—Great Britain, France, Russia, Germany, Denmark, Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Austria-Hungary. In 1872 the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers began to prepare new defenses. Between 1873 and 1875, four 15-inch Rodman guns and a magazine were partially constructed. Work ceased in 1875 when money was no longer available. In 1887, President Cleveland found a treasury surplus. Two years earlier, a Board of Engineers, presided over by Secretary of War William C. Endicott, recommended a new system of seacoast defense that employed heavy steel breech-loading rifled guns, large mortars, rapid fire guns and underwater mines. The entire plan called for the installation of the new defenses at 27 sites along our coast and rivers. Work did not begin on the new system until Benjamin Harrison became president in 1889. The Fifty-first Congress found a solution to the treasury surplus that had plagued Cleveland during the last two years of his Administration. New public buildings, river improvements and even a pension for the Civil War veterans, that had been promised but not delivered, were among the spending bills introduced and passed by the Congress. Some of the surplus money, $1,221,000 in 1890 and $750,000 in 1891 was appropriated for coast defenses. The Endicott Board's recommendation for the defense of Washington was thirteen 10 and 12-inch guns and 150 submarine mines. They were to be placed at Fort Washington, Maryland and Sheridan Point (later Fort Hunt), Virginia at an estimated cost of 1.3 million dollars. 1890 to 1898 On January 11, 1890 a Board of Engineers was ordered to investigate and submit a project for the defense of Washington. They recommended that most of the defenses be constructed at Fort Washington. Part of their plan was for an underground mine control room to be built on the north end of the fort. Work on the new defenses began with the Mining Casemate, an underground room for firing electrically detonated mines. The following year ground was broken for Battery Decatur, named after Commodore Stephen Decatur, naval hero of the Barbary Wars and War of 1812 and a native of Maryland, but was suspended to await final design of the 10-inch disappearing carriage. Construction resumed in 1896 and the guns were mounted in early 1897. Work at Battery Emory, named for Major General William H. Emory, commenced in 1897. Battery Humphreys was started in 1898 and named for Major General Andrew A. Humphreys. The 12-inch mortar battery, designed to direct vertical fire at the thin decks of modern warships, was named for Major General Montgomery C. Meigs and started in 1898. It originally had eight 12-inch mortars but later two mortars were removed from each pit. The three rapid-fire batteries at Fort Washington mounted two guns each: Battery White was started in 1898, Smith in 1899 and James Many in 1902. Lieutenant Colonel Peter C. Haines, president of the Engineer Board planning the defense of Washington described the purpose of the works in a letter of June 26, 1891: "The defensive works at Fort Washington are designed to prevent a hostile fleet from reaching positions within bombarding distance of the Capitol and the Washington Navy Yard. It is scarcely within the range of possibilities that any other than a naval attack would be made on this position. The defenses are therefore designed to resist such attack only." In April 1898 the USS Maine exploded in Havana harbor and the United States became engaged in the Spanish–American War. Up to this time, work on the entire coastal defense system had been slow and only a few of the gun batteries were completed. Work began immediately, so that any possible attack by Spanish warships could be met. Two of the 15-inch Rodman cannon in the ravelin were dismounted and a concrete battery was built for rapid-fire guns. Electricity and telephones were installed in the batteries, and the 10-inch gun planned for firing at the experimental battery was placed on a barbette carriage near Battery Humphreys. A minefield was also laid down in the Potomac, the only time this has ever been done. The first military unit to serve the new guns at Fort Washington was Company A, 4th U.S. Artillery who were assigned to Battery Decatur on July 21, 1897. In 1901, Company A was re-designated 37th Company, Coast Artillery Corps and remained at the post until 1904. Other units stationed at Fort Washington included the 44th, 104th and 116th Companies of Coast Artillery. 1898 to 1940 On July 3, 1898, the U.S. Navy destroyed the Spanish fleet at Santiago, Cuba, and for all practical purposes the Spanish–American War was over. The mines were removed from the Potomac River, and later that year the 10-inch gun mounted near Battery Humphreys was moved to a new mount to test a wood and iron parapet that had been built shortly before the outbreak of war. In June 1899, what became known as the Alger test was conducted by firing one of these guns into a parapet designed by the secretary of war. The results of the test concluded that concrete provided a more effective barrier against rifled artillery than any other design then available to engineers. In July 1899 Batteries Decatur, Emory, Humphreys, and White were officially turned over to the artillery commander of the fort, which became part of the Coast Defenses of the Potomac. Although in the hands of the artillery since their construction, they had been the property of the engineers. During World War I, the guns of Battery Decatur were removed and shipped to Fort Monroe, Va., where they were then shipped to Europe for use in France. Fort Washington was garrisoned by the 260th Coast Artillery Regiment of the District of Columbia National Guard Coast Artillery, and a number of military units were organized at the post, including the 8th Provisional Artillery Battalion, then sent to France where they became the 53rd Artillery (Railway), Coast Artillery Corps. In 1924 the coast defense commands were renamed "harbor defense commands". After World War I several harbor defense commands were disarmed, and this included Fort Washington by 1929. On May 29, 1930, Fort Washington Park was established by Congress as a terminal of a proposed but never built section of the George Washington Memorial Parkway. However, the transfer of the fort from military to civilian use did not physically happened until 1939. From June 1922 to June 1939, the 3rd Battalion 12th Infantry occupied Fort Washington. The fort's primary function was as a city garrison for Washington. Its soldiers participated in a variety of state occasions—parades, ceremonies, and funerals—throughout these years. In 1939 the 3rd Battalion moved to Fort Myer near Arlington Cemetery. That same year the fort was transferred to the Department of the Interior and a Civilian Conservation Corps barracks was built. Also in 1939, the site was proposed for use as a terminal point for a bridge across the Potomac from Virginia and a parkway to be built northward along the shore. 1941 to present After the attack on Pearl Harbor, December 7, 1941, the nation quickly turned from peacetime activities to meeting the demands of wartime. Already-existing facilities were pressed into service, and Fort Washington was returned to the Department of War for use during World War II. During this period, further expansion of the post took place with the construction of additional buildings to house students and to provide support services for training military personnel. The Adjutant General School moved to the fort in January 1942. It trained Army officers in administration and personnel classification duties. The school turned out 300 trained officers every 60 days. Part of the Adjutant General's School was an Officer Candidate School that graduated 25 men in the first class and thereafter turned out 20 new officers every three months. On March 3, 1943, the 67th WAAC Detachment reported to Fort Washington and became part of the Adjutant General's School's Service Company. They were assigned administrative, communications and transportation functions to replace men who were needed overseas. Most of Fort Washington's women received their basic training at Daytona Beach, Florida, but a few had been trained at other centers. The workdays were long, usually 12 to 16 hours, and every Friday there was a dress parade after work. Saturday mornings began with a formal parade and inspection, but service at Fort Washington was not all work, there was some time for rest and relaxation. The base swimming pool was a popular activity during the summer and a military bus ran from the front gate to Washington. There was a dance at the club every Friday evening. Toward the end of the war, the Veterans Administration used part of the area and other buildings as public housing. In 1946 the fort once again reverted to the Department of the Interior. Many of the buildings from the interwar period were removed. Since that time it has been a public park commemorating the long history of coastal fortifications and serving as a recreational area for history buffs, naturalists, and other park visitors. Modern use The visitor center, located in the yellow house on the hill in front of the fort, contains exhibits describing Fort Washington as the guardian of the nation's capital. An audiovisual program also offers materials on the fort. There is a 3-mile trail that follows the perimeter of the park boundary. Birdwatchers frequent the park, and fishing is available along the Potomac River. Fort Washington Is open year-round. The park grounds are open from 8am to sunset. The historic fort and the visitor center are open from 9am to 4pm during winter months and 9am to 5pm during the summer months. Alcohol is prohibited in the park. Dogs are allowed but must be on a 6-foot leash and under the control of owner. One Sunday a month from April to October the park has Civil War artillery demonstrations. See also Civil War Defenses of Washington Washington, D.C., in the American Civil War List of coastal fortifications of the United States Seacoast defense in the United States United States Army Coast Artillery Corps Harbor Defense Command References External links Fort Washington is part of the Chesapeake Bay Gateways and Watertrails Network Northern Virginia’s Role in the War of 1812 1809 establishments in Maryland Washington Park Parks in Prince George's County, Maryland Washington Park Museums in Prince George's County, Maryland Military and war museums in Maryland National Park Service areas in Maryland National Capital Parks-East Civilian Conservation Corps in Maryland Coastal fortifications Historic American Buildings Survey in Maryland Washington Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Maryland National Register of Historic Places in Prince George's County, Maryland American Civil War on the National Register of Historic Places	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort%20Washington%20Park
Allison Renae Holker (born February 6, 1988) is an American dancer, choreographer, and actress. Holker has worked in film, television, and concert tours. She is known for appearances on the television dance competition So You Think You Can Dance, where she was a contestant in season 2 and as an All-Star in seasons 7–11 and 14. Early life and education Holker was born in Anoka County, Minnesota, grew up in Orem, Utah, and graduated from Timpanogos High School in June 2006. She began her dance training at the age of nine when she enrolled as a student at The Dance Club in Orem. While she was in Orem she began to specialize in contemporary, tap, ballet, and jazz. She performed in the opening and closing ceremonies of the 2002 Winter Olympics. She has won dance titles including her first national competition in Co DANCE in 2004 and as the National Senior Outstanding Dancer at the New York City Dance Alliance in 2005. Career Holker performed with Earth, Wind and Fire at the opening and closing ceremonies at the Olympic Games in 2002, and in the Disney Channel original films High School Musical (2006) and High School Musical 2 (2007). On television, she has been seen in various commercials and advanced to the Top 8 on the second season of So You Think You Can Dance, and danced in that season's SYTYCD nationwide tour. She performed with a show called Ballroom with a Twist, choreographed by Louis Van Amstel, and appeared with American Idol'''s Clay Aiken in his PBS special Tried and True. Holker was featured in the "Jar of Hearts" music video by Christina Perri. In September/October 2011 Holker was one of Demi Lovato's backup-dancers. Holker has taught at different dance conventions and workshops across the country, also branching out into choreography. Holker was a backup-dancer on The X Factor USA working together with Brian Friedman. On April 30, 2013, she performed a dance routine on Dancing with the Stars with Stephen "tWitch" Boss. They danced to "Crystallize" which was performed live by Lindsey Stirling. Dancing with the Stars In August 2014, Holker was announced as one of the 12 professional dancers on the 19th season of Dancing with the Stars. The announcement of Holker, a contemporary dancer, as a cast member was met with controversy due to her limited experience with dancing and teaching Latin Ballroom dance. She partnered with Mean Girls actor Jonathan Bennett. The couple was eliminated on Week 6, finishing in 9th place. On February 11, 2015, Holker was partnered with R5 singer and actor Riker Lynch in the show's 20th season. The couple made it to the finals and finished in second place. For season 21 she was paired with singer Andy Grammer. They were eliminated on Week 8 finishing in 7th place. She did not appear in season 22 due to pregnancy. Holker returned for season 23 and was partnered with singer-songwriter Kenneth "Babyface" Edmonds. The couple were eliminated on Week 4 and finished in 11th place. Dancing with the Stars performances With celebrity partner: Jonathan Bennett Season average: 28.7 1Score given by guest judge Kevin Hart in place of Goodman. 2The American public scored the dance in place of Goodman with the averaged score being counted alongside the three other judges. 3 Only for this week, "Partner Switch-Up" week, Bennett performed with Peta Murgatroyd instead of Holker. Holker performed with Antonio Sabàto Jr. 4Score given by guest judge Jessie J in place of Goodman. 5Score given by guest judge Pitbull in place of Goodman. With celebrity partner: Riker Lynch Season average: 37.3 With celebrity partner: Andy Grammer Season average: 23.88 1 Score given by guest judge Alfonso Ribeiro. 2 Only for this week, "Partner Switch-Up" week, Grammer performed with Sharna Burgess instead of Holker. Holker performed with Hayes Grier. 3 Score given by guest judge Maksim Chmerkovskiy. 4 Score given by guest judge Olivia Newton-John. With celebrity partner: BabyfaceSeason average: 26.3Personal life In 2013, Holker and fellow So You Think You Can Dance all-star, Stephen "tWitch" Boss, were married at Villa San-Juliette Winery in Paso Robles, California, owned by SYTYCD'' producer and judge Nigel Lythgoe. The couple had two children together, a son born in 2016 and a daughter born in 2019. Holker also has a daughter (b. 2008) with her former fiancé. Holker's daughter was later adopted by Stephen Boss after he and Holker were married. On December 14, 2022, it was announced that Stephen Boss had died by suicide the day before. Filmography Awards 2004, National Senior Performer of the Year from Company Dance 2005, National Senior Outstanding Dancing for New York City Dance Alliance 2007, National Senior Dancer of the Year 2013, Primetime Emmy Award Nomination for Outstanding Choreography References External links Allison Holker Fansite 1988 births American female dancers Dancers from Minnesota Dancers from Utah Living people People from Orem, Utah So You Think You Can Dance (American TV series) contestants 21st-century American dancers 21st-century American women	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allison%20Holker
The New Casper Cartoon Show is a 1963-1970 animated television series that appeared on ABC's Saturday morning schedule, based on the Harvey Comics cartoon character Casper the Friendly Ghost. Casper's co-stars included his friends from the Harvey Comics stories: Wendy the Good Little Witch, the Ghostly Trio, Spooky the Tuff Little Ghost, and the ghost horse Nightmare. The show premiered on October 5, 1963 and is one of the earliest Saturday morning cartoons. The show included a mix of 26 new Casper cartoons created for this show by Paramount Cartoon Studios, as well as a selection of 1959—62 cartoons from the aforementioned Paramount, which were mostly the later Modern Madcaps and Noveltoons which were repackaged as "Modern Madcaps". All voices in the Casper episodes were performed by Norma MacMillan and Bradley Bolke. All of the new material was created for the first season in 1963-1964, but the show continued airing in reruns on ABC for six seasons, ending on January 30, 1970. Episodes All directed by Seymour Kneitel, and all with music by Winston Sharples and graphic arts by Warren Kremer. Home release On October 11, 2011, Shout! Factory released Casper the Friendly Ghost: The Complete Collection 1945–1963 on DVD in Region 1. The 3-disc set features 55 original theatrical cartoons as well as all 26 episodes from The New Casper Cartoon Show on DVD. See also List of ghost films References External links Casper the Friendly Ghost American Broadcasting Company original programming 1960s American animated television series 1963 American television series debuts 1970 American television series endings English-language television shows Animated television series about ghosts Television series by Universal Television Television series by CBS Studios American children's animated horror television series Television series by Famous Studios Television series about size change	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The%20New%20Casper%20Cartoon%20Show
Zila Parishad means District Council and may refer to: District Councils of Bangladesh District Councils of India See also Panchayat Raj	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zila%20Parishad
Goran Živkov (; born 1971 in Kikinda, Serbia, Yugoslavia) is a Serbian politician. On June 20, 2006 he was appointed as the Minister of Agriculture, Forestry and Water Management in the Government of Serbia and resigned on October 1. He graduated from the Faculty of Agriculture at the University of Belgrade in 1996. Before becoming minister he worked as the advisor in Federal Ministry of Agriculture, then he became head of the Unit for Genetic Resources and GMO. He worked as national consultant at the office of the Food and Agriculture Organisation. He was appointed assistant minister of agriculture in June 2004. He replaced Ivana Dulić-Marković at the position, after she was elected for the Deputy Prime Minister in June 2006. References External links 1971 births Living people Politicians from Kikinda Government ministers of Serbia	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Goran%20%C5%BDivkov
"Živila Hrvatska" (lit. Long live Croatia) is a Croatian patriotic song. The lyrics were written by August Šenoa, while the melody was composed by Ivan Zajc. The lyrics first appeared in the September 1873 print of Vienac magazine and other Croatian publications, and was simply titled Hrvatska Pjesma ("Croatian song"). The composition was recorded in the 1893 book Hrvatska Pjesmarica by Vjekoslav Klaić, where it was titled as "Živila Hrvatska". Lyrics References External links Glazbeni korzo 19th-century songs Croatian patriotic songs Year of song unknown Songs about Croatia	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%BDivila%20Hrvatska
Isonicotinic acid or pyridine-4-carboxylic acid is an organic compound with the formula C5H4N(CO2H). It is a derivative of pyridine with a carboxylic acid substituent at the 4-position. It is an isomer of picolinic acid and nicotinic acid, which have the carboxyl group at the 2- and 3-position respectively compared to the 4-position for isonicotinic acid. Derivatives Isonicotinic acids is a term loosely used for derivatives of isonicotinic acid. Hydrazide derivatives include isoniazid, iproniazid, and nialamide. Amide and ester derivatives include ethionamide and dexamethasone isonicotinate. See also Pyridinecarboxylic acids References External links Aromatic acids 4-Pyridyl compounds	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isonicotinic%20acid
The inner London borough of Wandsworth contains some of green space in the form of parks, commons, allotments and cemeteries, which is the largest amount for an Inner London borough. Central London borders some of the borough's boundary with the Thames the closest park to which is Battersea Park. At , Tooting Commons in the south of the borough, between Balham and Streatham are Wandsworth's largest public open space (not shared with any other borough). It is followed by Battersea Park. This has Battersea Park Nature Areas, the borough's only local nature reserve. Wandsworth Common, to the south of Clapham Junction bisected by a railway line is the third largest park, at . Wimbledon and Putney Commons are very large open spaces, in total, partly within the borough, to the south of Putney and Roehampton, and are managed by a board of Conservators rather than any individual borough. King George's Park is a stretch of green space along the western side of the River Wandle, just south of Wandsworth town centre. It is one of a string of green spaces along the Wandle Valley, along with Garratt Park in Earlsfield and Lambeth Cemetery in Tooting. Remaining green spaces in the borough include Falcon Park in Battersea (a green space enclosed within a railway junction), Wandsworth Park (a Grade II listed park on the River Thames between Wandsworth and Putney), Roehampton Golf Course, Central London Golf Centre, the western half of Clapham Common, Wandsworth Cemetery, Streatham Cemetery and York Gardens, along with a whole host of smaller spaces. External links Wandsworth Council parks and open spaces London Parks discovery project - Wandsworth	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parks%20and%20open%20spaces%20in%20the%20London%20Borough%20of%20Wandsworth
Old Tin Sorrows is a fantasy novel by American writer Glen Cook, the fourth novel in his ongoing Garrett P.I. series. The series combines elements of mystery and fantasy as it follows the adventures of private investigator Garrett. Plot introduction Garrett is a hardboiled detective living in the city of TunFaire, a melting pot of different races, cultures, religions, and species. When people have problems, they often come to Garrett for help, but trouble has a way of finding Garrett on its own, whether he likes it or not. Plot summary Garrett is approached by his old Imperial Marine sergeant, Blake Peters, who calls in an old war debt to get Garrett to investigate the mysterious illness afflicting his current employer, the aged General Stantnor. Garrett moves into the Stantnor mansion, to find that only a handful of people live there and keep it from crumbling into ruin. As Garrett begins his investigation, an unknown individual begins murdering the few remaining members of the household. When some of the victims come back from the dead and attack the living house guests, Garrett calls upon his good friend Morley Dotes for backup. As the focus of Garrett's investigation switches to solving the ongoing murders, he continues to be distracted by two elusive beauties seen around the house: one is the general's daughter Jennifer, but the other can only be seen fleetingly by Garrett, who suspects that she may in fact be a ghost. While Garrett escapes various murder attempts on his own life, other members of the household are not so lucky, and the list of potential suspects grows shorter and shorter. Morley, meanwhile, suspects the general's illness is not a result of poison, but possibly from a supernatural source. As the pieces start to come together, Garrett and Morley hire an exorcist by the name of Doctor Doom, and with the remaining house staff gathered, they confront the sick general in his quarters. It is revealed that the general murdered his wife, Eleanor, and the ghost that Garrett has glimpsed is her. Eleanor's ghost, as revenge for her murder, has slowly been stealing the life away from the old general. Additionally, Garrett and company deduce that all the murders were in fact committed by the general's daughter, Jennifer, in an attempt to keep the family estate intact after her father's death; she has lived there all her life and dreads having to leave it. In the aftermath, both the general and Jennifer die, and Garrett takes as his only payment a haunting, likely magic-touched painting of Eleanor fleeing an unseen horror, as he has half fallen in love with her, and vice versa. Characters Garrett The Dead Man Morley Dotes Blake Peters General Stantnor Jennifer Stantnor Eleanor Stantnor Dellwood Cook Doctor Doom Garrett P.I. 1989 American novels American fantasy novels	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old%20Tin%20Sorrows
Necrolytic migratory erythema is a red, blistering rash that spreads across the skin. It particularly affects the skin around the mouth and distal extremities; but may also be found on the lower abdomen, buttocks, perineum, and groin. It is strongly associated with glucagonoma, a glucagon-producing tumor of the pancreas, but is also seen in a number of other conditions including liver disease and intestinal malabsorption. Signs and symptoms Clinical features NME features a characteristic skin eruption of red patches with irregular borders, intact and ruptured vesicles, and crust formation. It commonly affects the limbs and skin surrounding the lips, although less commonly the abdomen, perineum, thighs, buttocks, and groin may be affected. Frequently these areas may be left dry or fissured as a result. All stages of lesion development may be observed synchronously. The initial eruption may be exacerbated by pressure or trauma to the affected areas. Associated conditions William Becker first described an association between NME and glucagonoma in 1942 and since then, NME has been described in as many as 70% of persons with a glucagonoma. NME is considered part of the glucagonoma syndrome, which is associated with hyperglucagonemia, diabetes mellitus, and hypoaminoacidemia. When NME is identified in the absence of a glucagonoma, it may be considered "pseudoglucagonoma syndrome". Less common than NME with glucagonoma, pseudoglucagonoma syndrome may occur in a number of systemic disorders: Celiac disease Ulcerative colitis Crohn's disease Hepatic cirrhosis Hepatocellular carcinoma Lung cancer, including small cell lung cancer Tumors that secrete insulin- or insulin-like growth factor 2 Duodenal cancer Cause The cause of NME is unknown, although various mechanisms have been suggested. These include hyperglucagonemia, zinc deficiency, fatty acid deficiency, hypoaminoacidemia, and liver disease. Mechanism The pathogenesis is also unknown. Diagnosis Histology The histopathologic features of NME are nonspecific and include: epidermal necrosis subcorneal pustules confluent parakeratosis, epidermal hyperplasia, and marked papillary dermal hyperplasia in a psoriasiform pattern angioplasia of papillary dermis suppurative folliculitis The vacuolated, pale, swollen epidermal cells and necrosis of the superficial epidermis are most characteristic. Immunofluorescence is usually negative. Management Managing the original condition, glucagonoma, by octreotide or surgery. After resection, the rash typically resolves within days. See also List of cutaneous conditions References External links Erythemas Rare diseases	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Necrolytic%20migratory%20erythema
James Bromley Spicer (May 12, 1958 – September 27, 2019) was an American hip hop recording artist who released a number of old school rap singles during the late 1970s and early 1980s including the classic "Dollar Bill Y'all," for which he was perhaps best known. Spicer was managed by Russell Simmons' Rush Management. His single "The Bubble Bunch" featured Jellybean Benitez's first remix. An obituary of Spicer in The New York Times described his 15-minute-long debut single, "Adventures of Super Rhyme," as being "widely regarded as the first true storytelling rap." Spicer's music was sampled by hip-hop artists including the Wu-Tang Clan, 2Pac, De La Soul, and Busta Rhymes. Rapper LL Cool J has cited Spicer's music as sparking his interest in hip-hop. Spicer had four daughters, Angelina, Leticia, Janel, and Princess and one son, James. In 2018, he was diagnosed with advanced brain and lung cancer. He died on September 27, 2019, at the age of 61. Discography "Adventures of Super Rhyme (Rap)" (1980), Dazz Records - 12-inch single "The Bubble Bunch" (1982), Mercury (US) - 12-inch single "Money (Dollar Bill Y'all)" (1983), Spring Records - 12-inch single "This Is It" / "Beat The Clock" (1985), Def Jam Recordings - 12-inch single "I Rock Boots" (1990), Def Valley Records - 12-inch single "$ Can't Buy U Luv (Money Can't Buy You Love)" (2010), Spice Rhymes References External links Bio at Oldschoolhiphop.com 1958 births 2019 deaths African-American male rappers American male rappers African-American record producers American hip hop record producers East Coast hip hop musicians Rappers from Brooklyn 21st-century American rappers 21st-century American male musicians Deaths from brain cancer in the United States Deaths from lung cancer in New York (state) 21st-century African-American musicians 20th-century African-American people	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimmy%20Spicer
Greenock and Port Glasgow was a burgh constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1974 until 1997, electing one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election. Boundaries 1974–1983: The burghs of Greenock and Port Glasgow. 1983–1997: The Inverclyde District electoral divisions of Cartsdyke, Clune Brae, Greenock South West, Greenock West Central, Greenock West End, Port Glasgow East, Port Glasgow South, and Port Glasgow West. As first used, in the February 1974 general election, the constituency had been defined by the Second Periodical Review of the Boundary Commission to cover the burghs of Greenock and Port Glasgow in the county of Renfrew. The rest of the county was covered by the county constituencies of East Renfrewshire and West Renfrewshire, and the burgh constituency of Paisley. Prior to the February 1974 election, the county had been covered by East Renfrewshire, West Renfrewshire, Greenock, and Paisley, with the Greenock constituency covering the burgh of Greenock, and the burgh of Port Glasgow within the West Renfrewshire constituency. February 1974 boundaries were used also in the general elections of October 1974 and 1979. In 1975, under the Local Government (Scotland) Act 1973, counties and burghs throughout Scotland had been abolished in favour of regions and districts and islands council areas. Therefore, in 1975, the constituency of Greenock and Port Glasgow had become effectively a constituency within the Inverclyde district of the Strathclyde region. For the 1983 general election new constituency boundaries were drawn, taking account of new local government boundaries. 1983 boundaries were used also in the general elections of 1987 and 1992. In 1996, under the Local Government etc (Scotland) Act 1994, the Inverclyde district became a unitary council area For the 1997 general election, the Greenock and Port Glasgow constituency was divided between the Greenock and Inverclyde and Renfrewshire West constituencies. Members of Parliament Election results Elections of the 1970s Elections of the 1980s Elections of the 1990s Notes and references Historic parliamentary constituencies in Scotland (Westminster) Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom established in 1974 Constituencies of the Parliament of the United Kingdom disestablished in 1997 Politics of Inverclyde Port Glasgow Greenock	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greenock%20and%20Port%20Glasgow%20%28UK%20Parliament%20constituency%29
Liberty Corners is a neighborhood in the village of Salem Lakes in south-central Kenosha County, Wisconsin, United States. It is centered at the intersection of Highway 83 and Wilmot Road (Kenosha County Highway C). Notes Neighborhoods in Wisconsin	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liberty%20Corners%2C%20Wisconsin
The United States Army's 205th Military Intelligence Brigade (205th MI BDE) and its three battalions have a history dating back to World War II. The brigade has been in a continuous active service since 1944. The brigade was constituted on 12 July 1944 in the Army of the United States as the 205th Counter Intelligence Corps Detachment. It was allotted to the Regular Army on 6 October 1950. The unit served during World War II in Northern France, the Rhineland, Ardennes-Alsace and Central Europe. It was reorganized and redesignated as the 205th Military Intelligence Detachment on 25 June 1958. In Vietnam, the 205th took part in the Tet Offensive; the Tet 69/Counteroffensive; and the Summer-Fall Campaign of 1969. In October 1983, the Detachment was consolidated with Headquarters, 135th Military Intelligence Group and redesignated as Headquarters and Headquarters Detachment, 205th Military Intelligence Group. On 16 October 1985, the 205th MI Group was redesignated the 205th Military Intelligence Brigade. More than two thirds of the brigade deployed to Bosnia and Herzegovina with Task Force Eagle in December 1995, redeploying to Germany in November 1996. The brigade continued to provide intelligence support to V Corps, and to the ongoing Joint and Combined Operations in the Balkans, from principal operating bases in Germany and Italy. The 205th MI BDE took part of Operation Iraqi Freedom where it was involved in the Abu Ghraib torture and prisoner abuse investigations and resulting scandal, beginning in late 2003. Major General George Fay initially began the investigation, which was later finished by Lieutenant General Anthony Jones in 2004. As a result of the Fay Report, Colonel Thomas Pappas, commander of the 205th from 2003 to 2005, received an Article 15 for "dereliction of duty" in his leadership role at the Abu Ghraib prison. He was also relieved of his command in May 2005, one month shy of his scheduled rotation from that position. Sergeant Samuel Provance, an enlisted intelligence analyst from one of the brigade's battalions, also received an Article 15, for "disobeying a direct order" for speaking to the media during the investigations. Ray Starmann, a former 205th MI BDE intelligence officer and author of the books "Smoke and Mirrors" and "Charlie Foxtrot", wrote a scathing critique of the brigade in 2005 in light of revelations from the Abu Ghraib prison investigations, titled, "Decline and Fall of the 205th MI Brigade". "MI just exited stage left – out of a wing at Abu Ghraib prison". The 205th "cased its colors" on 21 June 2007 and was deactivated. References External links 205th MI BDE website [https://web.archive.org/web/20020404121645/http://www.205mi.wiesbaden.army.mil:80/ Archives Military units and formations established in 1944 205 Military units and formations disestablished in 2007	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/205th%20Military%20Intelligence%20Brigade%20%28United%20States%29
Kirkby Thore is a small village and civil parish in Cumbria, England (), in the historic county of Westmorland. It is close to the Lake District national park and the Cumbrian Pennines. It includes the areas of Bridge End, in the southwest by the A66, and Cross End in the northeast of the village. In the 2001 census, the parish had a population of 731, increasing to 758 in the 2011 Census. The market town of Appleby-in-Westmorland is about away, and the larger town of Penrith is about away. History The place-name 'Kirkby Thore' is first attested in 1179 in the 'Register of Holm Cultram', where it appears as Kirkebythore. Kirkby means 'church village' or 'village with a church', whilst Thore is an Old Norse personal name related to the god Thor. The village is on the site of a Roman cavalry camp called Bravoniacum or Brovonacae and Roman coins, tombstones, sandals, urns, earthen vessels, and the cusp of a spear have been found in the locality. Since the time of Septimius Severus's campaigns between 208 and 211 CE, a division of Numidian auxiliary light cavalry garrisoned the fort of Bravoniacum, constituting the first African community in Britain. The Maiden Way Roman road led north from Bravoniacum to the fort of Epiacum (Whitley Castle) near Alston, and thence to Magnae (Carvoran) on Hadrian's Wall, where it joined the Stanegate road running from west to east. A possible continuation from there ran east to Banna (Birdoswald) and then north to the Shrine of Cocidius (Bewcastle). It was reported in 2016 that LIDAR technology has revealed another Roman road running southwest from Kirkby Thore to the Roman fort at Low Borrowbridge near Tebay. The Anglican church of St Michael in Kirkby Thore is built of red sandstone and dates from Norman times. The village also had a Methodist chapel. The village is also home to Kirkby Thore Hall, a Grade II* medieval Manor House of particular structural interest. Gypsum has been quarried or mined in the area for over 200 years. The local British Gypsum Ltd plant has produced plaster since 1910 and plasterboard since the 1960s. Currently it is more economic to use desulpho-gypsum transported by rail from Drax Power Station than to mine it locally but this depends on Drax continuing. British Gypsum has a private siding on the Settle-Carlisle Railway which passes to the north of the village. There are a number of farms in the village and surrounding area. Some are large dairy farms, others beef and/or sheep with some arable crops. Governance Kirkby Thore is in the parliamentary constituency of Penrith and the Border. Neil Hudson was elected its Conservative Member of Parliament at the 2019 General Election, replacing Rory Stewart. Before Brexit, it was in the North West England European Parliamentary Constituency. In the past the village has either been part of the constituency of Appleby or the constituency of Westmorland. An Appleby electoral ward of the same name exists. This ward stretches west to Mallerstang with a total population of 1,563. Transport and facilities The busy A66 road runs through the western edge of the village. This will be one of the last sections of the A66 to be upgraded to dual carriageway; in 2006 the Highways Agency conducted public consultation on the route for a bypass (which will connect the existing Appleby bypass to the east and the Temple Sowerby bypass (opened in part October 2007, ahead of schedule) to the west. The public consultation fell by the wayside and dualling of the A66 at Kirkby Thore is still an aspiration. The village contains a village shop with post office, a filling station (and shop) and a bistro serving meals. Notable people Siblings Helen Skelton and Gavin Skelton grew up in a farm near the village and attended Kirkby Thore Primary School before transferring to Appleby Grammar School. Helen is now a television presenter, best known for working on Blue Peter and Countryfile, whilst Gavin is a professional footballer who has played in the Scottish Premier League with Gretna, Kilmarnock and Hamilton Academicals. During 2016 he was player-manager of Queen of the South in Dumfries. He was appointed assistant manager of Carlisle United in June 2019. See also Listed buildings in Kirkby Thore Kirkby Thore railway station References External links Highways Agency page on the possible Kirkby Thore bypasses. Cumbria County History Trust: Kirkby Thore (nb: provisional research only - see Talk page) Villages in Cumbria Westmorland Gypsum mines in England Civil parishes in Cumbria Roman sites in Cumbria Eden District	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirkby%20Thore
The lesser siren (Siren intermedia) is a species of aquatic salamander native to the eastern United States and northern Mexico. They are referred to by numerous common names, including two-legged eel, dwarf siren, and mud eel. The specific epithet intermedia denotes their intermediate size, between the greater siren, Siren lacertina, and the dwarf sirens, Pseudobranchus species. Description Lesser sirens have elongated bodies possessing only two limbs, a pair of four-toed legs located behind the base of the head, and range in length from 7 to 27 inches (17 – 69 cm). Unlike greater sirens, lesser sirens have less than 35 costal grooves. Juvenile specimens have red to yellow banding on their heads and stripes running along the main length of the body, although these stripes are absent in Siren intermedia. Adults have plainer coloration; the dorsal side is typically olive green to blue-gray or black, while the ventral is usually light grey. Spotted patterns may also be present in adults. In salamanders, sexual size dimorphism is usually female-biased, but in Siren intermedia, it’s the opposite. Males are the larger sex, and they also have significantly larger heads and enlarged masseter muscles than females. Lesser sirens are notably neotenic, and possess external gills throughout their lives. Taxonomy Sources disagree on the number of subspecies within S. intermedia. The majority of the sources in the field agree there are at least two: an eastern and a western variety. Many sources also include a third subspecies, the Rio Grande lesser siren, S. i. texana, but researchers disagree whether the Rio Grande variety belongs as a lesser siren, within S. intermedia, or as a greater siren, within S. lacertina, and some others even consider it to be its own species, as S. texana. Eastern lesser siren, S. i. intermedia Goin, 1942 Western lesser siren, S. i. nettingi Goin, 1942 Rio Grande lesser siren, S. i. texana Goin, 1957 Habitat and distribution Habitat Sirens are likely to be found in ponds near other intermittent wetlands. They usually inhabit swamps and ponds, and can survive in dry ponds for up to two years by a process called “aestivating”. Sirens are considered poor overland dispersers because they rarely leave the water, so their geographical distribution is largely determined by pond connectivity and biotic interactions. Lesser sirens are aquatic salamanders, but their ability to withstand factors like dehydration allows them to have good survival skills in their ephemeral habitats. Sirens are able to osmoregulate and produce a mucoid cocoon during aestivation, which greatly reduces dehydration and electrolyte stress. Their small legs enable them to move on dry land for short periods of time. Geographic distribution The lesser siren is found in the United States and Mexico, primarily from Virginia to Florida, west to Texas, ranging into northeastern Mexico as far as Veracruz, and north to Illinois and southwest Michigan. Multiple specimens have recently been rediscovered in Michigan after a 60-year absence. Lesser sirens only occur in permanent wetlands, whereas other salamander and frog species can occupy a range of dry and wetlands. Lesser sirens are top predators in permanent wetlands. They can quickly colonize and become dominant consumers in new ponds such as those constructed by beavers. Their ability to aestivate and burrow in soft sediments and live in dense aquatic vegetation in shallow waters facilitates their dominance. In addition, the species’ high productivity, high fecundity, and rapid growth to early sexual maturity allows it reach a high density quickly and easily, and thus establish dominance in the habitat. Conservation The lesser siren is quite common through most of its range, but rarely seen due to its secretive nature. Like almost all species of amphibian, their numbers are believed to be declining due to general reductions in water quality caused by agricultural pesticide and fertilizer runoff. They are frequently collected and used as bait for fishing. The species was once believed to be extirpated from Michigan, but has been recently rediscovered in limited numbers. The S. i. texana subspecies is listed as a threatened species in Texas. They are listed as Least concern on the IUCN Red List and a species with "Special Protection" in Mexico. Physiology Vision Western Lesser Sirens (Siren intermedia nettingi) have poor eyesight. They rely on their other senses to forage, hunt, and survive. Chemical sense Sirens rely on chemical cues to detect prey and not on visual cues. The use of chemical stimuli in the detection of prey and predators are common in amphibians. Respiration All species in the sirenidae family are paedomorphic, eel-shaped salamanders that live in aquatic environments. They respire through their gills, lungs and skin, and survive well in hypoxic environments low in oxygen. Siren intermedia is unique among amphibians in its ability to construct a mucoid cocoon that slows down dehydration during aestivation, and the lesser siren can withstand long periods of food deprivation without ill effects. During aestivation, respiration slows down significantly, and gills atrophy over the next 16 or more weeks. Acoustic behavior The lesser siren is vocal, unlike most salamanders. The lesser siren is known to emit a series of clicks when it approaches others of its species, or a short screeching sound if handled. Acoustic behavior serves a functional service in S. intermedia, especially since it is nocturnal and it burrows in sediments, swims and crawls through densely vegetated waters. However, its visual and olfactory senses are very limited in this habitat, and thus the possibility of predation and other risks are high in this case. Nevertheless, acoustic behavior in lesser sirens is still infrequent, and becomes even less frequent with undisturbed habitat residency, perhaps because of their familiarity with the environment. Siren intermedia make and responds to underwater sounds that may have specific communicational significance. Resting sirens are usually silent, but they may produce trains of pulsed sounds or “clicks”. Their tendency to click is greater in groups than in single specimens, which suggests that they are involved in intraspecific communication. These acoustic behaviors occur most often when other sirens are present. They are emitted at different pulse rates by specimens clicking simultaneously, and are associated with head-jerking motions. Head-jerking may offer visual reinforcement of an acoustically defended individual space, or it may be required for sound production. S. intermedia can produce clicks by moving the horny jaw coverings together rapidly, and head-jerking may be associated with such movement when it is particularly forceful. This means of sound production is similar to the upper and lower teeth of humans, clicking with the mouth open. Another frequently produced sound ("yelp") is associated with cases of distress, or alarm. When S. intermedia butt or bite each other in their habitat, the bitten or injured individuals may swim away quickly, emitting yelps at frequencies of 880 Hz. These yelp sounds could have communicational significance if they prevent further attack or signal to other individuals that one is injured. Osmoregulation Animals that inhabit freshwater habitats have high-affinity sodium uptake systems. Therefore, the better an animal is adapted to freshwater, the lower the rate of sodium loss and uptake. Sirens have a high sodium affinity (around 0.2 peq/g per day), and thus are able to resist the harmful effects of low-sodium environments. Hormones Insulin has been isolated from the pancreas of lesser sirens that is mostly conserved in sequence as compared to other amphibian orders. However, it does have some substitution differences that indicate that sirens diverged early from other salamanders. Diet Lesser sirens are filter feeders. They sift through pond bottoms and aquatic vegetation for prey items. They have heavily keratinized beaks and vomerine dental arrays that can inflict substantial wounds. The diet of the lesser siren includes at least 10 different taxa, which includes primarily aquatic invertebrates, including tadpoles and snails. They also eat several insects and their larvae, crayfish, mollusks, amphibians, siren eggs, and algae, although the plant material may be an incidental result of their gape-and-suck feeding style. Reproduction and life cycle Annual seasonal behavior changes The lesser siren is nocturnal, spending its days hidden in the debris and mud at the bottom of slow-moving bodies of water. Sirens are most active in the fall and spring seasons, when water temperatures are close to 15 °C and there is no danger of drought. During the summer months, the ponds and other habitats that the lesser siren live in go through periods of drought, which leads to low water levels and possibly dried-up ponds. The lesser siren’s strategy to withstand the rigors of these dry seasons is something called “aestivation”, or summer dormancy, which can last up to 35 weeks, depending on the severity of the drought. During the sixteen-week period from July to October, aquatic lesser sirens increase the osmotic concentration of their body fluids, and slow down bodily functions. They do this by burrowing themselves into the bottom of its drying pond in tube-like channels about the length and width of their bodies. For the rest of the aestivating process, they then secrete a mucous cocoon. That is then followed by a significant drop in their oxygen consumption and heart rate. The gills slowly atrophy and the body shrinks, and as a result the fat is metabolized at one-fifth the normal rate. As expected, large individuals store more fat and consume less oxygen per unit weight than small ones, and thus can survive much longer periods of aestivation. Some individuals, especially the smaller sirens during aestivation, die or suffer from dehydration as they are unable to store sufficient fat and the greater metabolic demand reduces their chance of survival. As the drought season comes to an end, lesser sirens become active within a day, and slowly regain the lost weight over the next 8–11 weeks. Mating Mate choice From November to January, males occupy a shelter as a nest site usually surrounded by vegetation or among plant roots, and actively equip it with moss from the surrounding nest site, plucking plant material and dragging it back to the nest site. They then defend their territory aggressively against others through biting. Courting Though little is known about their courtship, it is believed to be quite violent, as many specimens collected have scarring from healed bite marks from other sirens. About 12-300 eggs are laid at a time, and several clutches may be laid over the course of the year. Hatchlings are only about 0.4 in (1.1 cm) in length, but grow quickly. Maturity is typically reached in approximately three to four years. Courtship includes several repeating behavioral patterns. Once the female approaches the nest site, the male and female start moving within the area, coiling around each other. The male pursues the female’s cloaca closely, sometimes rubbing his head against the flank and the cloacal region of the female. Both the male and the female wave their tail fins by undulating the tail tip. Parental care Oviposition During oviposition, the female turns on its back, positions the cloaca near the top of the nest cavity and halts for several seconds. Then the male positions his cloaca near the site of oviposition. Eggs are directly coiled into the moss that the male has prepared in the nest. Interlacing of the eggs into the plant material in the nest ensures that the eggs adhere to the nest as a compact mass, and facilitates external fertilization. Egg guarding In S. intermedia, parental care is fulfilled by the males. Paternal care as observed in the lesser siren is very rare for salamanders. After the female completes oviposition and leaves the nest, the male stays in close proximity to the eggs and takes the responsibility of parental care. The total number of eggs can be around 120–130, with a diameter of about 3 mm. The male constantly moves the egg mass, circles around it, and aerates the eggs through vigorous tail fanning. The tail-fanning behavior of the male towards the eggs can enhance sperm dispersal. Additionally, the male continuously cleans the nest from sand and other materials, to improve hygienic conditions and possibly to prevent infections from pathogens and fungi. It is also likely that males remove dead or infected eggs, in order to prevent further infection of the viable eggs. The development of the larvae takes approximately 35 days. Paternal care does not end there however, it continues after the larvae hatch and the male continues to aggressively defend the larvae up to one week after hatching. Mutualisms Siren intermedia has many important effects on community structure as it is one of the most important predators in temporary ponds, where it complements the keystone predator role of eastern newts (Notophthalmus viridescens). S. intermedia reduces the total densities of the anuran larvae, and by doing that, it allows the eastern newts to act as keystone predators over a broad range of prey densities. Enemies Adult mole salamanders (Ambystoma talpoideum) and lesser sirens (Siren intermedia), are the top two predators in temporary ponds of the southeastern United States. Siren intermedia competes with and is an intraguild predator of A. talpoideum, limiting its growth and controlling its recruitment. References Animal Diversity Web: Siren intermedia INHS Reptile & Amphibian Collection: Siren intermedia - Lesser Siren Sirenoidea Amphibians of the United States Amphibians of Mexico Amphibians described in 1826	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesser%20siren
Ángel Santos Vega Colon (November 1, 1922 – February 21, 1998), aka Santitos Colón, was a Puerto Rican bolero and mambo singer, born in Sabana Grande, Puerto Rico and raised in Mayagüez. He was also known by the moniker: "The Man with The Golden Voice". Youth and early career Colón was born in Sabana Grande, Puerto Rico, but moved to the Dr. Luis Vadi Benelli street of the Cristy residential district in Mayagüez, Puerto Rico, a location which he constantly made a reference to during his lifetime. His parents were Francisco Vega and Felícita Colón. He attempted to sing as a hobby in his early youth, occasionally teaming with Lester Cole, one of the brothers of composer Roberto Cole and later Mayagüez mayor Benjamín Cole. Their pairing was indistinctively known as "El Dúo Juvenil" and "El Dúo Azul". He later joined Frank Madera's orchestra but only could participate in activities during the day, since he was too young to join the band at nightly functions. Colón's tenure in Madera's orchestra lasted six years (1939-1944) Mon Rivera (The Younger) was a bandmate of his. At the same time, Rivera had a partnership with Germán Vélez (later the father of international singer Wilkins Vélez and journalist Bruni Vélez called "El Dúo Huasteco". Colón joined Rivera and Vélez occasionally and toured as a trio over western Puerto Rico. Colón and Tito Puente Colón was a long-time member of Tito Puente's orchestra and was a member of the Fania All-Stars. His is the voice heard singing chorus most prominently and saying "¡Ajá! ¡Ajá!" in the original version of Oye Como Va by Puente's orchestra. Solo career Santitos became well known as a singer of boleros and Spanish language versions of English standards, often recorded with an orchestral backing. His signature song was "Niña". Fania selected Santos Colón and Cheo Feliciano as solo singers despite having Justo Betancourt and Monguito el Único under contract. Personal life Santitos Colón is survived by his sons Santos and George and daughter Diana Vega Namer, who reside in Sarasota, Florida. He is also survived by his wife Judy. Santitos is survived by several grandchildren and great-grandchildren. He lost another son, Héctor, to liver disease in July 1998. Death In the early morning hours of February 20, 1998, he went to the recording studio More Audio Productions to bring his voice to two boleros in duet with the singer Carmen Delia Dipiní. But, just before preparing to carry out this task, he felt a strong stomach pain when asked to sing. However, instead of going to a doctor, he chose to return to his home in Laguna Gardens neighborhood in Carolina, where the pain turned acute. The next morning, February 21, 1998, he suffered a stroke, so he was transferred to the Carolina Regional Hospital. Shortly after his arrival, he fell into a deep coma. He died that night. Doctors discovered he was suffering from prostate cancer and that this condition was in a very advanced stage. Santitos never complained or received treatment to combat the illness. Five days before, on February 15, 1998, he had recorded his participation in the program "Voices in function," the singer Lou Briel animated and produced in WIPR / Channel 6 and which was broadcast a week after his death. The next day, on February 17, 1998, he made his last performance, which was in "El Show de Raymond Arrieta", in WAPA TV / Channel 4. A significant detail presentation occurred during the second season could be a warning of his impending end: while playing one of his hits, "hours and minutes" - bolero of Antonio Jose "Pepe" Quirós who vocalized hundreds of times over 30 years - he forgot the lyrics for a moment. Although his seniority allowed him to overcome the situation without much difficulty, it was the first time in more than six decades of artistic career. Discography Portrait Of Santos Colón (Fania Records), 1969 Santitos (Fania Records), 1970 Love Story (Fania Records), 1971 Imágenes / Éxitos De Santos Colón (Fania Records), 1971 Fiel (Fania Records), 1972 Brindis De Navidad (Fania Records), 1972 Long Live The King (Cotique), 1973 Santitos Y Su Pueblo (Cotique), 1974 Con Mucho Cariño (Fania Records), 1975 Siempre Santitos (Fania Records), 1976 Bonita (Fania Records), 1977 Con Placer (Fania Records), 1979 Mis Grandes Éxitos En El Bolero De Amor (Disco Hit),1994 Bolero De Amor / Parte II (Disco Hit),1995 Un Santo Para La Historia (DHCD), 1998 With Tito Puente Orchestra Dance Manía (1958 - RCA Víctor) Mucho Cha Cha (1959 - RCA Víctor) Tambó (1960 - RCA Víctor) The Exciting Tito Puente Band In Hollywood (1961 - GNP) El Rey Tito : Bravo Puente (1962 - Tico) In Puerto Rico (Live) (1963 - Tico) Excitante Ritmo (1963 - Tico) El Mundo Latino De Tito Puente (1963 - Tico) Mucho Puente (1964 - Tico) De Mi Para Ti (1964 - Tico) Carnaval En Harlem (1965 - Tico) Stop & Listen / Pare & Oiga (1967 Tico) El Rey [The King] (1968 - Tico) Tito Puente En El Puente [On The Bridge] (1969 Tico) Pa’ Lante [Straight] (1970 - Tico) No Hay Mejor [There Is No Better] (1975 - Tico) Homenaje A Beny (1978) Plays with Tito Puente ("Dolor Y Perdón") Homenaje A Beny (1979) Plays with Tito Puente ("Como El Arrullo De Palmas") The Mambo King : His 100th Album (1991 - RMM) Y Su Pueblo (1974 - Fania) With Fania All Stars Live At The Cheetah (Vol. 1&2) Our Latin Thing (1971) Live In Africa (1974) Fania All Stars At Yankee Stadium (1975) Tribute To Tito Rodríguez (1976) Commitment (1980) Latin Connection (1981) With Payo Alicea & Sexteto La Playa Vaya Means Go ! (Mardi Grass), 1968 With Wilkins No Se Puede Morir Por Dentro (Velvet), 1977 With Artistada Puertorriqueña Somos El Prójimo (1986) With Miguelito Miranda & Orquesta Miguelito Miranda & Orquesta (Verne), 1948 re released as 50 years in music (CR), 1987. Plays with Panchito Minguela With Joey Hernández ¡Compárame ! (PMA), 1989 References 1922 births 1998 deaths 20th-century Puerto Rican male singers Deaths from prostate cancer Salsa musicians Musicians from Mayagüez, Puerto Rico Fania Records artists People from Sabana Grande, Puerto Rico Spanish-language singers of the United States	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santos%20Col%C3%B3n
John Burnside FRSL FRSE (born 19 March 1955) is a Scottish writer. He is one of only three poets (the others being Ted Hughes and Sean O'Brien) to have won both the T. S. Eliot Prize and the Forward Poetry Prize for the same book (Black Cat Bone). Life and works Burnside was born in Dunfermline and raised in Cowdenbeath and Corby. He studied English and European Thought and Literature at Cambridge College of Arts and Technology. A former computer software engineer, he has been a freelance writer since 1996. He is a former Writer in Residence at the University of Dundee and is now Professor in Creative Writing at St Andrews University, where he teaches creative writing, literature and ecology and American poetry. His first collection of poetry, The Hoop, was published in 1988 and won a Scottish Arts Council Book Award. Other poetry collections include Common Knowledge (1991), Feast Days (1992), winner of the Geoffrey Faber Memorial Prize, and The Asylum Dance (2000), winner of the Whitbread Poetry Award and shortlisted for both the Forward Poetry Prize (Best Poetry Collection of the Year) and the T. S. Eliot Prize. The Light Trap (2001) was also shortlisted for the T. S. Eliot Prize. His 2011 collection, Black Cat Bone, was awarded The Forward Prize and the T.S. Eliot Prize. Burnside is also the author of two collections of short stories, Burning Elvis (2000), and Something Like Happy (2013), as well as several novels, including The Dumb House (1997), The Devil's Footprints, (2007), Glister, (2009) and A Summer of Drowning, (2011). His multi-award winning memoir, A Lie About My Father, was published in 2006 and its successor Waking Up In Toytown, in 2010. A further memoir, I Put A Spell On You combined personal history with reflections on romantic love, magic and popular music. His short stories and feature essays have appeared in numerous magazines and journals, including The New Yorker, The Guardian and The London Review of Books, among others. He also writes an occasional nature column for New Statesman. In 2011 he received the Petrarca-Preis, a major German international literary prize. Burnside's work is inspired by his engagement with nature, environment and deep ecology. His collection of short stories, Something Like Happy, was published in 2013. He is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature (elected in 1999) and in March 2016 was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, Scotland's National Academy for science and letters. He also lectures annually and oversees the judging of the writing prize at The Alpine Fellowship. Awards 1988 Scottish Arts Council Book Award, for The Hoop 1991 Scottish Arts Council Book Award, for Common Knowledge 1994 Geoffrey Faber Memorial Prize, for Feast Days 1999 Encore Award for The Mercy Boys 2000 Forward Poetry Prize (Best Collection – shortlist), for The Asylum Dance 2000 T. S. Eliot Prize (shortlist), for The Asylum Dance 2000 Whitbread Book Award, Poetry Award, for The Asylum Dance 2002 Saltire Society Scottish Book of the Year Award (shortlist), for The Light Trap 2002 T. S. Eliot Prize (shortlist), for The Light Trap 2005 Forward Poetry Prize (Best Collection - shortlist), for The Good Neighbour 2006 Saltire Society Scottish Book of the Year Award for A Lie About My Father 2008 Cholmondeley Award 2011 Petrarca-Preis 2011 PEN/Ackerley prize (shortlist) for Waking Up in Toytown 2011 Corine Literature Prize for A Lie About My Father 2011 Forward Prize for Black Cat Bone 2011 Costa Book Awards (Novel), shortlist, A Summer of Drowning 2011 T. S. Eliot Prize for Black Cat Bone 2012: Spycher: Literaturpreis Leuk with Judith Schalansky 2017: Hörspiel des Jahres für Coldhaven, translation. composition and directing: Klaus Buhlert (SWR) 2018: Hörspielpreis der Kriegsblinden für Coldhaven. translation. composition and directing: Klaus Buhlert (SWR) Bibliography Poetry collections The Hoop (Carcanet, 1988) Common Knowledge (Secker and Warburg, London, 1991) Feast Days (Secker and Warburg, London, 1992) The Myth of the Twin (Jonathan Cape, London, 1994) Swimming in the Flood (Jonathan Cape, London, 1995) Penguin Modern Poets (Penguin, 1996) A Normal Skin (Jonathan Cape, London, 1997) The Asylum Dance (Jonathan Cape, London, 2000) The Light Trap (Jonathan Cape, London, 2002) A Poet's Polemic (2003) The Good Neighbour (Jonathan Cape, 2005) Selected Poems (Jonathan Cape, 2006) Gift Songs (Jonathan Cape, 2007) The Hunt in the Forest (Jonathan Cape, 2009) Black Cat Bone (Jonathan Cape, 2011) All One Breath (Jonathan Cape, 2014) Still Life with Feeding Snake (Jonathan Cape, 2017) In the Name of the Bee/Im Namen der Biene (Golden Luft, Mainz 2018) Learning to Sleep (Jonathan Cape, 2021) Apostasy (Dare-Gale Press, 2022) Apostasy/Apostasie (Golden Luft, Mainz 2023) Fiction The Dumb House (Jonathan Cape, London, 1997) The Mercy Boys (Jonathan Cape, London, 1999) Burning Elvis (Jonathan Cape, London, 2000) The Locust Room (Jonathan Cape, London, 2001) Living Nowhere (Jonathan Cape, London, 2003) The Devil's Footprints (Jonathan Cape, 2007) The Glister (Jonathan Cape, 2008) A Summer of Drowning (Jonathan Cape, 2011) Something Like Happy (Jonathan Cape, 2013) Ashland & Vine (Jonathan Cape, 2017) Havergey (Little Toller, 2017) Non-Fiction Wild Reckoning (Gulbenkian, 2004), joint editor with Maurice Riordan of this anthology of ecology-related poems A Lie About My Father (Biography, 2006) Wallace Stevens : poems / selected by John Burnside (Poet to Poet Series, Faber and Faber, 2008) Waking up in Toytown (Biography, Jonathan Cape, 2010) I Put a Spell on You (Biography, Jonathan Cape, 2014) The Music of Time: Poetry in the Twentieth Century (Literary Criticism, 2019) Aurochs and Auks: Essays on mortality and extinction (Little Toller Books, 2021) Screen Dice (with A. L. Kennedy), a series for television, produced by Cité-Amérique, Canada Critical studies and reviews of Burnside's work John Burnside: Contemporary Critical Perspectives (London and New York: Bloomsbury, 2020). 'Dwelling Places : An Appreciation of John Burnside', special edition of Agenda Magazine, Vol 45 No 4/Vol 46 No 1, Spring/Summer 2011 Review of All one breath. Footnotes External links Short essay in November 2011 issue of The New Humanist Article in the Spring 2007 issue of Tate etc. magazine John Burnside at The New Statesman Profile at the Poetry Archive Profile at the British Council Guardian profile and article listing Scottish Arts Council September 2004 Poem of the Month : "hommage to Kåre Kivijärvi" Biography on the Scottish Poetry Library website, with recordings of him reading his poems, and links to poem texts What We (non)Believe: Reading Poems by Charles Wright, John Burnside, and Kevin Hart from Cordite Poetry Review 1955 births Living people Academics of the University of St Andrews Fellows of the Royal Society of Literature British columnists Alumni of Anglia Ruskin University People from Cowdenbeath People from Corby 20th-century Scottish poets 21st-century Scottish poets 21st-century British male writers Scottish male poets Poets associated with Dundee People associated with the University of Dundee Writers of Gothic fiction 20th-century British male writers T. S. Eliot Prize winners	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John%20Burnside
(born 1941) is a Japanese origami master. He has made more than a hundred origami models, from simple lion masks to complex modular origami, such as a small stellated dodecahedron. He does not specialize in what is known as "super complex origami", but rather he likes making simple, elegant animals, and modular designs such as polyhedra, as well as exploring the mathematics and geometry of origami. A book expressing both approaches is Origami for the Connoisseur (Kasahara and Takahama), which gathers modern innovations in polyhedral construction, featuring moderately difficult but accessible methods for producing the Platonic solids from single sheets, and much more. Kasahara is perhaps origami's most enthusiastic designer and collector of origami models that are variations on a cube, a number of which appear in Vol. 2 of a 2005 three volume work (presently available only in Japanese). Vol. 3 of the same work is devoted to another Kasahara interest: reverse engineering and diagramming classic Japanese origami models pictured in early works, such as zenbazuru (thousand origami cranes from the Hiden Senbazuru Orikata of 1797, one of the earliest known origami books), the origami art of folding multiple connected cranes out of a single sheet of paper. He has written many books, of which Origami Omnibus is his best known book available in English, and contains many of his models as well as outstanding classics by others. Bibliography Creative Origami, Japan Publications, 1967. Origami Made Easy, Japan Publications, 1973. Origami Omnibus: Paper Folding for Everybody, Japan Publication, 1988. Origami for the Connoisseur (with Toshie Takahama), Japan Publications, 1998. Amazing Origami, Sterling, 2002. Extreme Origami, Sterling, 2003. The Art and Wonder of Origami Quarry Book, 2005. おりがみ新発見〈1〉半開折り・回転折り・非対称の形日貿出版社 (Spirals & asymmetric shapes) 2005. おりがみ新発見〈2〉キューブの世界 (単行本) (Cubes) 2005. おりがみ新発見〈3〉古典から最新作まで300年の絵巻 (300-year-old Classics, senbazuru) 2005. External links A talk by Kunihiko Kasahara given to the BOS at Bristol in April, 1999 1941 births Living people Origami artists	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunihiko%20Kasahara
Daniel Horacio Sanabria Gueyraud (born 8 February 1977) is a former Paraguayan footballer who played as a defender. During his career, he played for Sportivo Luqueño, Club Libertad, Colo-Colo, Shonan Bellmare (Japan), Kyoto Purple Sanga (Japan), América-SP (Brazil) and Olimpia Asunción. Sanabria played for the Paraguay national football team (6 caps, 0 goals) and was a participant at the 2002 FIFA World Cup. Club statistics National team statistics References External links 1977 births Living people Paraguayan men's footballers Paraguayan expatriate men's footballers América Futebol Clube (SP) players Club Libertad footballers Club Olimpia footballers Colo-Colo footballers Independiente Medellín footballers Kyoto Sanga FC players Shonan Bellmare players Paraguayan Primera División players Chilean Primera División players Categoría Primera A players J1 League players J2 League players Expatriate men's footballers in Brazil Expatriate men's footballers in Chile Expatriate men's footballers in Colombia Expatriate men's footballers in Japan Paraguay men's international footballers 2002 FIFA World Cup players Men's association football defenders 2001 Copa América players Footballers from Asunción	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel%20Sanabria
"" (; "The Green and White Flag") is the official anthem of Andalusia, an autonomous community of Spain, adopted under the first Andalusian Statute of Autonomy. The lyrics were written by Blas Infante. The music for the anthem of Andalusia was composed by the former director of the municipal band of Sevilla, José del Castillo Díaz. The origins of the music are vaguely inspired on the Santo Dios, a religious cantic widely spread in rural Andalusia, usually sung by peasants while reaping their crops. It is believed that Blas Infante suggested the music to José del Castillo. The melody of the anthem is Castillo's original though. After the Spanish Civil War, the original music scores were destroyed, and only a manuscript for piano is conserved. The composer Manuel Castillo improved José del Castillo's version. Lyrics See also Anthems of the autonomous communities of Spain References Notes External links Andalusia's government page about the anthem (Contains links to mp3 versions of the anthem) Spanish anthems Regional songs Andalusian culture Spanish-language songs	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La%20bandera%20blanca%20y%20verde
Dread Brass Shadows is a fantasy novel by American writer Glen Cook, the fifth novel in his ongoing Garrett P.I. series. The series combines elements of mystery and fantasy as it follows the adventures of private investigator Garrett. Plot introduction Garrett is a hardboiled detective living in the city of TunFaire, a melting pot of different races, cultures, religions, and species. When people have problems, they often come to Garrett for help, but trouble has a way of finding Garrett on its own, whether he likes it or not. Plot summary Tinnie Tate, Garrett's girlfriend, comes to visit him and is stabbed in the middle of the street. Garrett and his friend Saucerhead Tharpe chase down the would-be assassin, but before they can interrogate him, he is killed by a crossbow-wielding band of hooligans. The only clue as to the villain's motive is mention of a book. Meanwhile, a big, tough, attractive bounty hunter named Winger visits Garrett; she has also been hired to look for the book. When a young woman named Carla Lindo Ramada wants to hire Garrett to find the book, at least she sheds some light on the mystery. (She looks like Tinnie, which explains why Tinnie was nearly killed.) People are looking for the Book of Dreams (or Book of Shadows), a legendary magical tome that enables the owner to take on any of a hundred different identities, along with their abilities. For example, the book's possessor could turn him/herself into a powerful magician. As word gets out, several parties join the hunt. Among the seekers are Gnorst Gnorst, head of Dwarf Town; Chodo Contague, the crime kingpin of TunFaire; Lubbock, a fat wannabe wizard and Winger's employer; and The Serpent, a witch partially responsible for creating the Book of Shadows. When his desire for the Book of Shadows grows and he is deliberately misled, Chodo turns on Garrett. In an attempt to save himself, Garrett forms an uneasy alliance with Crask and Sadler, Chodo's main henchmen, to overthrow the crime lord. (The pair had loyally served Chodo, expecting to inherit his power when he finally died, but the book would make him practically immortal.) In a confused battle at Chodo's mansion involving all the parties, Crask and Sadler manage to take over from their boss, while Garrett and Winger escape alive. When Garrett returns home, he finds that Carla Lindo Ramada has escaped with the Book of Shadows, which had been hidden at Garrett's house the entire time. He tracks Carla down and take the book. Garrett then has it destroyed before any more evil can be committed for its possession. Critical reception Richard E. Geis in the Science Fiction Review criticized the novel for not delivering answers to several questions raised by the plot, and for "the use of present-day slang [that] stopped me cold", calling Cook's dialogue philosophy "lazy and the equivalent of playing tennis with the net down." Characters Garrett The Dead Man Dean Morley Dotes Saucerhead Tharpe Tinnie Tate Winger Carla Lindo Ramada Crask and Sadler Chodo Contague Gnorst Gnorst Lubbock (Fido Easterman) The Serpent References Garrett P.I. 1990 American novels American fantasy novels	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dread%20Brass%20Shadows
The following highways are numbered 66: Australia Barkly Highway (Northern Territory) Riddoch Highway Canada Alberta Highway 66 Highway 66 (Ontario) Finland Kantatie 66 (Orivesi — Lapua) France A66 autoroute Germany Bundesautobahn 66 Greece Greek National Road 66, a national highway connecting Nemea with Levidi via Skoteini Hungary 66-os főút (Kaposvár - Pécs) India National Highway 66 (India) Ireland N66 Israel Highway 66 (Israel) Malaysia Malaysia Federal Route 66 Philippines N66 highway (Philippines) Slovakia Road 66 (Slovakia), from Slovak - Hungarian border at Šahy to Tatras mountain Spain Autovía A-66 (Silver Route) United Arab Emirates E 66 United Kingdom A66 road M66 motorway United States Interstate 66, a highway connecting Interstate 81 in Virginia to Washington, D.C. Interstate 66 (Kansas–Kentucky), a former proposed highway to connect Kansas with Kentucky U.S. Route 66, the most common meaning. Since 1985, when US 66 was decommissioned, several states where US 66 passed have re-commissioned part of the former route in that state as a state route 66. In the list of state routes 66 below, those marked with an asterisk () have a connection with the former US 66. Alabama State Route 66 Arizona State Route 66 Arkansas Highway 66 California State Route 66* County Route 66 (California)* Colorado State Highway 66 Connecticut Route 66 Florida State Road 66 Georgia State Route 66 Hawaii Route 66 Idaho State Highway 66 Illinois Route 66 is now Illinois 126* Indiana State Road 66 Iowa Highway 66 K-66 (Kansas highway)* Kentucky Route 66 Louisiana Highway 66 Maryland Route 66 Massachusetts Route 66 M-66 (Michigan highway) Minnesota State Highway 66 County Road 66 (Hennepin County, Minnesota) Missouri Route 66* Missouri Route 66 (1922), a pre-1926 highway not connected to US 66 Montana Highway 66 Nebraska Highway 66 Nebraska Spur 66A Nebraska Spur 66C Nebraska Spur 66D Nebraska Spur 66E Nevada State Route 66 (former) New Jersey Route 66 New York State Route 66 County Route 66A (Cayuga County, New York) County Route 66B (Cayuga County, New York) County Route 66 (Chautauqua County, New York) County Route 66 (Dutchess County, New York) County Route 66 (Jefferson County, New York) County Route 66 (Monroe County, New York) County Route 66 (Onondaga County, New York) County Route 66 (Putnam County, New York) County Route 66 (Rensselaer County, New York) County Route 66 (Saratoga County, New York) County Route 66 (Schoharie County, New York) County Route 66 (Suffolk County, New York) County Route 66 (Sullivan County, New York) County Route 66A (Westchester County, New York) North Carolina Highway 66 North Dakota Highway 66 Ohio State Route 66 Oklahoma State Highway 66* Oklahoma State Highway 66B* Oregon Route 66 Pennsylvania Route 66 Puerto Rico Highway 66 South Carolina Highway 66 Tennessee State Route 66 Texas State Highway 66 (no connection to Texas portion of US 66) Texas State Highway Loop 66 (former) Texas State Highway Spur 66 Farm to Market Road 66 Texas Park Road 66 U.S. Virgin Islands Highway 66 Utah State Route 66 Vermont Route 66 Virginia State Route 66 (former) West Virginia Route 66 Wisconsin Highway 66 See also A66 (disambiguation)	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List%20of%20highways%20numbered%2066
Swynnerton is a village and civil parish in Staffordshire, England. It lies in the Borough of Stafford, and at the 2001 census had a population of 4,233, increasing to 4,453 at the 2011 Census. Swynnerton is listed in the Domesday Book identifying the lord in 1066 as Brothir (of Oaken) and in 1086, Edelo (of Rauceby), who was in service to Robert de Stafford, the tenant-in-chief. The record shows the settlement consisted of ten villagers' households, and five smallholders. Property consisted of eight ploughlands suitable for one lord's plough teams, and six men's plough teams. Other resources are listed as ten acres of meadow, and one league of woodland. The owner's value was estimated at £2. St Mary's Church dates back to at least the 13th century, and as far back as the 11th century. Swynnerton received its charter from Edward I in 1306. During the 14th century a market used to be held every Wednesday and an annual fair was held on 15 August each year. A grand manor house used to exist until its destruction in the English Civil War by Cromwell's men, its replacement being Swynnerton Hall, built in 1725 by Francis Smith of Warwick, which still dominates the Swynnerton skyline today. The Roman Catholic church of Our Lady adjoins the hall, which was built in 1868 by Gilbert Blount. Most of the houses in the village are post World War II. Nearby Cold Meece houses a British Army training area that used to be a Royal Ordnance Factory, ROF Swynnerton. It is often used by the Air Training Corps and the Army Cadet Force, but is also a regular training area for the British Army. During the war, the factory was served by Cold Meece railway station. Yarnfield and Cold Meece civil parish and parish council came into being in April 2019, with two wards, Yarnfield and Cold Meece. It is included in the Borough of Stafford, and was previously the southern part of Swynnerton parish. The village pub, the Fitzherbert Arms, has three bars, two dining areas and accommodation. Transport Swynnerton is directly connected to Eccleshall by the Swynnerton Road. It is also a 10 minute drive from Stone and Meaford via the A51. The nearest city is Stoke-on-Trent, a 15 minute drive via the A51 and A34 roads. The village is poorly served by public transport. The D&G Bus service number 14 previously called at the church bus stop five times a day on its way to and from Hanley, Trentham, Barlaston, Stone, Eccleshall and Stafford in 2017, however as of 2023 only a bus Stone via Yarnfield operates. This is 5 times a day Monday - Friday, twice on Saturdays with no service on Sundays. The nearest train station is Stone railway station, known officially as Stone (Staffs) and by railway code SNE 4.3 miles away. HS2 Government plans for a new high speed rail line (part of what was known as HS2) to pass directly to the north of the village were first confirmed in 2013. It immediately provoked controversy, with the nearest station intended for Crewe railway station over 20 miles away, due to local impact and lack of considered benefits to Staffordshire including from current resident of Swynnerton Hall, Lord Stafford. When the act of parliament for HS2a (West Midlands - Crewe) received Royal Assent works by HS2 Ltd intensified, the complusary land purchase process began which included a small number of properties, farmland and woodland on the edge of the village. In late 2021 eco campaigners opposed to the destruction of specific ancient woodlands along the route arrived outside the village and set up encampments within local woodlands earmarked for demolition. They sought the support of the local community through flyering and Facebook via what was called the 'Bluebell Wood HS2 Resistance Camp'. The group grew to over 1,000 members suggesting either strong local environmental concern or NIMBYism. Despite being served an eviction notice in March 2022 were only removed after exhausting supplies in tunnels in July. Work then continued with updates from hs2 to residents, with security to prevent return of protestors and early earth works related to gas pipelines. In March 2023 the Transport Secretary Mark Harper announced a two year 'phased delay' to HS2 due to spiraling costs. As a result of this, the encampments outside the village were largely abandoned and leaflets issued to residents advised 90% of works intended to be progressed were being put on hold. In September 2023 at the Conservative Party Conference in Manchester, Prime Minister Rishi Sunak announced that HS2 north of Birmingham was being scrapped. It is now expected the local land will be resold and the project will not be renewed, as the Labour Party UK has not recommitted to the project should it win the next election. Notable residents Thomas Fitzherbert (1552–1640) was an English Jesuit, born at Swynnerton. His father died whilst he was an infant and he was the head of an important family. Lord Stafford's family presence dates back several centuries. Maria Fitzherbert (1756-1837) companion and (invalidly) first wife of George IV, was previously wife of Thomas Fitzherbert of Swynnerton, from 1778 to his death in 1781. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow (1807–1882) is believed to have penned his famous poem, The Village Blacksmith, in Swynnerton. Nearby locations Eccleshall Meaford Stafford Stoke-on-Trent Stone Tittensor Yarnfield See also Listed buildings in Swynnerton References External links Swynnerton Parish Council Website Swinnerton / Swynnerton Family web pages Our Lady Parish Church web pages Website of Potteries.org - Neville Malkin's "Grand Tour" of the Potteries Retrieved Feb 2017 = Has several old pictures, drawings and historical narrative about St. Mary's Church, Swynnerton Villages in Staffordshire Borough of Stafford	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Swynnerton
Lambeosaurini, previously known as Corythosaurini, is one of four tribes of hadrosaurid ornithopods from the family Lambeosaurinae. It is defined as all lambeosaurines closer to Lambeosaurus lambei than to Parasaurolophus walkeri, Tsintaosaurus spinorhinus, or Aralosaurus tuberiferus, which define the other three tribes. Members of this tribe possess a distinctive protruding cranial crest. Lambeosaurins walked the earth for a period of around 12 million years in the Late Cretaceous, though they were confined to regions of modern-day North America and Asia. History of classification The term Corythosaurini was first used by Brett-Surman in 1989, who characterized the taxon via reference to the premaxilary expansion into a hollow helmet-like cranial crest, as well as higher neural spines. The clade was formally defined via phylogenetic analysis by Evans and Reisz in 2007, and this was confirmed by multiple other analyses. In 2011, Sullivan et al. observed that by the rules of priority set by the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, the name of the tribe ought to be Lambeosaurini due to its containing the defining type genus (Lambeosaurus) of its superior taxon (Lambeosaurinae). Anatomy The current articulation of lambeosaurin anatomy is given by Prieto-Marquez et al., who characterised the tribe by the following traits: "Vertical groove on lateral process of premaxilla, located rostral to dorsal process of maxilla and extending ventrally from small opening between premaxillary medial and lateral processes" "Vertical groove bounded rostrally by triangular ventral projection of lateral process of the premaxilla" "Nasal articulation surface for frontal shaped into rostroventrally-sloping platform" "Nasal vestibule folded into S-loop in enclosed premaxillary passages rostral to dorsal process of maxilla" "Lateral premaxillary process extending caudodorsal to prefrontal in adults" Lambeosaurines are classified into Lambeosaurini and Parasaurolophini based on the similarity with these characteristics or those defining Parasaurolophini. Another method of distinguishing the tribes is by the angle of the dural peak. Lambeosaurins possess a dural peak with an angle over 120°, while in parasaurolophins the angle is less than 90°. The anterior semicircular canals are also taller in parasaurolophins than lambeosaurins. Phylogeny Prieto-Marquez' analysis (2013) yielded the following cladogram, which shows the relative positions of the four Lambeosaurine tribes. Nipponosaurus has historically been considered to be a member of Lambeosaurini, but its position within the tribe is debated. A 2018 analysis by Takasaki et al. disputed this placement, instead placing Nipponosaurus in a clade with Arenysaurus and Blasisaurus as a sister taxa to Lambeosaurini. An alternative phylogenetic analysis by Xing et al. (2017) produced the following cladogram, which similarly places Arenysaurus outside Lambeosaurini. See also Timeline of hadrosaur research References Lambeosaurines	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambeosaurini
Parsons Corporation is an American technology-focused defense, intelligence, security, and infrastructure engineering firm headquartered in Chantilly, Virginia. The company was founded in 1944. Parsons has more than 17,000 employees across 25 countries. Carey Smith serves as Chairwoman, President, and CEO of Parsons. History Parsons was founded by Ralph M. Parsons in 1944. The company delivered electronics, instrumentation, ground checkout systems design, and engineering for aircraft, missiles and rockets during the Cold War. Throughout the 1950’s and 1960’s, Parsons expanded its service offerings to bring capabilities in engineering, design, and construction management to a wide range of infrastructure, including water and wastewater, oil and gas, aviation, rail and transit, and other critical facilities around the world. In 1974, Parsons opened the first part of its headquarters in Pasadena. In 1985, Parsons finalized an Employee Stock Ownership Program (ESOP), allocating shares in proportion to employees’ salaries. The ESOP benefits program continues today. During the late 1980’s and early 1990’s, transportation projects grew as part of the company’s portfolio, including some of the first major bridge engineering projects. In late February 2019, Parsons announced the move of its headquarters from Pasadena, California to Centreville, Virginia. On May 8, 2019, Parsons executed an Initial Public Offering of approximately $500 million on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol PSN. In December 2019, it was announced that Parsons and Leidos Holdings Inc. had earned spots on a $4 billion contract to support the cleanup of a former nuclear weapons site in southern Washington state. On September 1, 2023, Parsons announced the move of its headquarters to Chantilly, VA. Founder's legacy In 1961, Parsons founded the Ralph M. Parsons Foundation. The foundation became entirely independent from the company in 1974. Company Timeline 1940s Less than 2 months after Parsons was founded, they were hired to provide turnkey engineering, management, and oil well drilling services to the great divide in Colorado, United States. Parsons began work at the Point Mugu Missile facility and for missile development and testing. In 1948, the Atomic Energy Commission created the Idaho National Engineering Laboratory reactor so that it could conduct advanced nuclear experiments with civilian and military reactors. Parsons designed all facilities for test and support operations—including the largest cast-in-place concrete arch ever poured, a span of 3,000 feet. 1960s In 1961, Parsons designed the installation plans for each of the 1,000 Minuteman intercontinental ballistic missiles, which were used by the U.S. Air Force during the Cold War. In 1964, Ralph M. Parsons personally managed the design of the U.S. Treasury Department Mint’s expansion. Parsons created all construction and equipment specifications, oversaw construction, and prepared operations and maintenance manuals. In 1964, Parsons created a technical and economic blueprint for the North American Water and Power Alliance (NAWAPA), specifically in the United States, Canada and Mexico. The plan outlined concepts to build an integrated system of dams, channels, tunnels, reservoirs, hydroelectric plants, and pumping stations. The plan ultimately did not move forward due to environmental concerns and cost. In 1966, Parsons has served as general engineering consultant for the DC Washington Metro in Washington, D.C., which is a $11 billion, 103-mile rapid transit rail system connecting Washington, D.C., to its many suburbs. In 1968, Parsons designed and constructed the entire Honolulu Airport in Honolulu, Hawaii (which is now referred to as the Daniel K. Inouye International Airport), including a 12,000-foot runway on an offshore reef to minimize noise in Honolulu. The runway is still used today. In 1968, Parsons began work to upgrade the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) by providing plans, specifications, and standards to upgrade air traffic controls in 19 facilities. Today, Parsons provides 24/7/365 technical support services in all nine FAA regions and two specialized FAA centers. Again in 2001, Parsons was the prime contractor to implement modernization plans for the national airspace system 1970s In 1970, Parsons designed and built their first sulfur recovery plant for Consolidated Chemical Industries, Inc. In 1970, Parsons was hired by BP and ExxonMobil to perform engineering studies in Alaska to determine if the company could overcome the technical and logistical engineering challenges in Arctic oil production. Following this study, Parsons was hired in 1974 as managing contractor for all oil and gas facilities for BP and Exxon’s east side portion of Prudhoe Bay, Alaska. Also in 1974, Parsons provided modernization and construction program services for the new construction on more than 100 major U.S. postal installations. Parsons continues to provide services for the USPS today. In 1975, Parsons was selected to transform Yanbu, Red Sea in Saudi Arabia into a thriving, modern port complex. The company provided the master plan, design, and construction management services for this self-contained industrial city of more that 100,000 people that produces oil, gas, and petrochemical products used worldwide. Continuing work in the middle east, Parsons won a contract to design, engineer, and manage the construction of multiple facilities for ARAMCO’s Saudi Arabian gas program. In 1976, the Federal Railroad Administration awarded Parsons the Northeast Corridor Improvement Program contract, which was provided a 456-mile, high-speed rail service between Boston, New York, and Washington, D.C. In 1977, Parsons completed a 4-year design-build turnkey program to build the Jeddah Airport in Saudi Arabia (also known as the King Abdulaziz International Airport). In 1978, Parsons developed facilities criteria for assembly, testing, and system support of the U.S. Air Force’s MX missile system at Vandenberg Space Force Base. 1980s In 1980, Los Angeles selected a Parsons joint venture to provide the Hyperion Wastewater Treatment Plant with program management, advanced planning, conceptual/detailed design, construction management, and startup services on all of their solids- and gas-handling expansion projects. In 1981, Parsons won a contract for the Petromin-Shell petrochemical design-build project, the company’s largest petrochemical project ever, valued at $1.5 billion. In 1984, as a subcontractor to Martin Marietta, Parsons supported development of the space shuttle ground system at Vandenberg Air Force Base. In 1985, the Los Angeles Metropolitan Transportation Authority hired a Parsons joint venture to provide commuter rail services and construction management of the MTA’s Red Line. Also in 1985, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers selected Parsons to furnish design, systems integration, engineering, and procurement for the eight chemical weapons incineration plants throughout the continental United States. The final munition was destroyed in July 2023 in Kentucky by a joint-venture team led by Bechtel National, Inc. and Parsons Corporation. In 1986, Parsons designed, engineered, and managed construction of the Red Dog mine air and sea ports along with the entire complex. In 1987, Parsons engineered, designed and tested the Titan solid booster rocket test stand at Edwards Air Force Base in California. In 1988, Parsons was hired to expand the Dulles (IAD) and Ronald Reagan (DCA) airports 1990s In 1992, Parsons consulted with the Port of Los Angeles for the Pier 300 design. The $60 million project is a dry bulk terminal for international commodities such as coal and petroleum coke. Also in 1992, Parsons provided engineering cleanup services to the Department of Energy for its uranium enrichment facilities in Ohio. The project was worth $125 million. In 1993, The Southern Nevada Water Authority selected Parsons as PM/CM for their $2 billion capital improvement program to increase water capacity for the Las Vegas Valley. The company continues to provide program and construction management services to SNVA, and won a contract to continue services in 2020. In 1995, Parsons designed, engineered and managed the National Ignition Facility’s (NIF) construction. This facility houses the world’s most powerful laser. In 1996, Parsons was awarded a contract by the USAID to reconstruct Bosnia-Herzegovina, in the Balkans, after the war. In 1997, Parsons began the structural rehabilitation and catenary designs that incorporated electrifying the railroad tracks of the Tagus River Bridge (also known as the 25 de Abril Bridge) in Lisbon, Portugal. The company continues to support bridge improvements and maintenance In 1998, Parsons was hired by the U.S. Navy to manage UXO removal in Hawaii. The unexploded ordinances had accumulated in the island of Kaho`olawe. In 1999, Parsons completed a $540 million contract to build the New Baiyun Airport (now called the Guangzhou Baiyun International Airport) in Guangzhou, China. Also in 1999, under Parsons Brinckerhoff in a joint-venture, the company provided the design for the Woodrow Wilson Bridge as the lead General Engineering Consultant (GEC). The bridge project came in at $86 million under budget. In 1995 Parsons paid the U.S. $3.2 million to settle fraud claims, the settlement comes from allegations that Parsons knowingly overbilled the government on two Air Force contracts. 2000s On September 19, 2002, Parsons was awarded a contract to design, build commission and operate the Savannah River Salt Waste Processing Facility (SWPF) in South Carolina by the department of energy. In 2020, the company completed all steps to begin the treatment of radioactive waste at the facility. On October 8, 2002, Parsons proceeded on the Tacoma Narrows Bridge, a design-build project, originally scheduled to be constructed in 55 months. In 2004, Parsons served as project manager to cleanup and restore Onondaga Lake in New York. Also in 2004, a $29.5 million contract was given to both Parsons and Gilbert Southern/Massman Construction to redo a portion of the Escambia Bay Bridge near Pensacola, FL after Hurricane Ivan made landfall and knocked off 58 spans of the original bridge and misaligned 66 other spans. Traffic destined for the bridge was rerouted onto US 90 (exit 17 on I-10) for 2 months while construction was taking place, which caused severe traffic jams. The westbound bridge opened to traffic on October 4, six days ahead of schedule, while the eastbound lanes opened to traffic on November 20, 66 days after Ivan made landfall and 27 days ahead of schedule. Both contractors received $1.5 million in bonuses for the early completion. In addition in 2004 Parsons was awarded a contract for a $243-million project to build 150 healthcare centers in Iraq in March 2004. By March 2006, $186 million had been spent, with six centers complete and accepted by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE);, 135 centers only partly complete; and one was reassigned to another contractor. USACE progressively terminated the contract from September 2005 to March 2006, eventually requiring Parsons to complete a total of 20 centers, with the others to be completed by other contractors. The estimated cost for the completion of the other 121 centers was $36 million. This lead to Parsons and USACE disputing the degree to which the final 20 centers were completed. A report by the Special Inspector General for Iraq Reconstruction cited problems, including "high turnover among government personnel... directions... given without agreement from the contractor... program managers' responsiveness to contractor communications, cost and time reporting, administration and quality assurance". In 2005, a Parsons led joint venture constructed the north terminal of the Miami International Airport. The same joint venture (Parsons-Odebrecht) was awarded another contract for the airport to improve the baggage handling system. In 2006, in a joint-venture, Parsons provided the design review and program/construction supervision for the construction of the Dubai Metro. 2010s In 2010, Parsons, in a joint-venture, completed the $575-million, LEED-silver-certified Tom Bradley International Terminal Improvements and Baggage Screening Systems Project at Los Angeles International Airport. Parsons was the construction manager for this project. Parsons was also a part of the terminals update in 2006. The company also played a role in post 9/11 Pentagon rebuilding efforts, providing program and construction management services. In 2011, in a joint-venture, Parsons completed construction on the John James Audubon Bridge in Mississippi. The John James Audubon Bridge is the longest cable-stayed bridge in the Western Hemisphere and is also the first Design-Build project undertaken by the Louisiana Department of Transportation and Development. On November 8, 2012, the bridge was awarded the Design-Build Institute of America (DBIA) 2012 Design Excellence Award. In 2013, Parsons designed and managed construction for the earthworks, roads and water and wastewater in Saadiyat Island, Abu Dhabi, UAE. In October 2014, Parsons was awarded a contract by Tecon Investments to oversee major elements of the Dubai Design District (D3). In 2016, construction was completed for the World Trade Center Port Authority Trans-Hudson Transportation Hub (PATH). Parsons was responsible for the infrastructure group design of the project, as well as supervising the civil, geo-technical and environmental design of the project. It also oversees the installation of the project’s communication and safety systems. On June 12, 2017, Parsons accepted the award for the Operational Efficiency Project of the Year from the California Transportation Foundation (CTF) for their Intelligent Transportation System work on the I-80 Smart Corridor Project. In 2017, Parsons worked with Abu Dhabi Airports Company as program manager for the Abu Dhabi International Airport expansion. 2020s In 2021, Parsons was awarded a seven year contract from the Missile Defense Agency to continue work on the TEAMs Next contract to support the development of defense systems. In 2023, Parsons was confirmed as the delivery partner for The Line at NEOM, a 170 km linear city being built in Saudi Arabia. On July 7, 2023, U.S. officials announced that the final munition in the nation's obsolete stockpile of chemical weapons at the Blue Grass Chemical Agent Plant has been safely destroyed by Bechtel National, Inc. and Parsons. The team used neutralization and explosive destruction to eliminate the munition. Signature projects Notable Parsons projects include: Titan and Minuteman ICBM bases, sites and silos (along with another California-based contractor—Daniel, Mann, Johnson & Mendenhall) Pershing MRBM miss-distance indicators Tacoma Narrows Bridge (1950) Work on Brooklyn Bridge World Trade Center Port Authority Trans-Hudson Transportation Hub Salt Waste Processing Facility Corporate Governance Board of Directors The board of directors consists of 11 members. As of June 2023, members include: Carey Smith: Chairwoman, President, And Chief Executive Officer George Ball, Former Chief Financial Officer Of Parsons Corporation Mark K. Holdsworth, Founder And Managing Partner Of The Holdsworth Group Steven F. Leer, Former Executive Chairman Of The Board Of Directors Of Arch Coal, Inc. Ellen Lord, Former Under Secretary Of Defense For Acquisition And Sustainment For The U.S. Department Of Defense Letitia A. Long, Former Director Of The National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency (NGA) Darren W. McDew, General USAF (ret), Retired U.S. Air Force General Harry T. McMahon, Former Executive Vice Chairman Of Bank of America Merrill Lynch M. Christian Mitchell, Former National Managing Partner Of Deloitte Suzanne M. “Zan” Vautrinot, Major General USAF (ret), President Of Kilovolt Consulting, Inc. David C. Wajsgras, Former President Of The Intelligence, Information And Services (IIS) Business (Raytheon) Acquisitions References External links "Crucial Iraq police academy 'a disaster'", The Seattle Times, September 28, 2006 Companies based in Fairfax County, Virginia Construction and civil engineering companies established in 1944 Construction and civil engineering companies of the United States Defense companies of the United States Engineering companies of the United States 1944 establishments in California American companies established in 1944 2019 initial public offerings Companies listed on the New York Stock Exchange Strait of Messina Bridge	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parsons%20Corporation
Lambeosaurinae is a group of crested hadrosaurid dinosaurs. Classification Lambeosaurines have been traditionally split into the tribes or clades Parasaurolophini (Parasaurolophus, Charonosaurus, others (?).) and Lambeosaurini (Corythosaurus, Hypacrosaurus, Lambeosaurus, others.). Corythosaurini (synonym of Lambeosaurini, see below) and Parasaurolophini as terms entered the formal literature in Evans and Reisz's 2007 redescription of Lambeosaurus magnicristatus. Corythosaurini was defined as all taxa more closely related to Corythosaurus casuarius than to Parasaurolophus walkeri, and Parasaurolophini as all those taxa closer to P. walkeri than to C. casuarius. In this study, Charonosaurus and Parasaurolophus are parasaurolophins, and Corythosaurus, Hypacrosaurus, Lambeosaurus, Nipponosaurus, and Olorotitan are corythosaurins. However, later researchers pointed out that due to the rules of priority set forth by the ICZN, Any tribe containing Lambeosaurus is properly named Lambeosaurini, and that therefore the name "Corythosaurini" is a junior synonym, and the definition had Corythosaurus casuarius changed to Lambeosaurus lambei, and the same for Parasaurolophini. In more recent years Tsintaosaurini (Tsintaosaurus + Pararhabdodon) and Aralosaurini (Aralosaurus + Canardia) have also emerged. Phylogeny The following cladogram was recovered in a 2022 phylogenetic analysis by Xing Hai, and colleagues. See also Timeline of hadrosaur research References Taxa named by William Parks	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lambeosaurinae
Saurolophinae is a subfamily of hadrosaurid dinosaurs. It has since the mid-20th century generally been called the Hadrosaurinae, a group of largely non-crested hadrosaurs related to the crested sub-family Lambeosaurinae. However, the name Hadrosaurinae is based on the genus Hadrosaurus which was found in more recent studies to be more primitive than either lambeosaurines or other traditional "hadrosaurines", like Edmontosaurus and Saurolophus. As a result of this, the name Hadrosaurinae was dropped or restricted to Hadrosaurus alone, and the subfamily comprising the traditional "hadrosaurines" was renamed the Saurolophinae. Recent phylogenetic work by Hai Xing indicates that Hadrosaurus is placed within the monophyletic group containing all non-lambeosaurine hadrosaurids. Under this view, the traditional Hadrosaurinae is resurrected, with the Hadrosauridae being divided into two clades: Hadrosaurinae and Lambeosaurinae. Saurolophinae was first defined as a clade in a 2010 phylogenetic analysis by Prieto-Márquez. Traditionally, the "crestless" branch of the family Hadrosauridae had been named Hadrosaurinae. However, the use of the term Hadrosaurinae was questioned in a comprehensive study of hadrosaurid relationships by Albert Prieto-Márquez in 2010. Prieto-Márquez noted that, though the name Hadrosaurinae had been used for the clade of mostly crestless hadrosaurids by nearly all previous studies, its type species, Hadrosaurus foulkii, has almost always been excluded from the clade that bears its name, in violation of the rules for naming animals set out by the ICZN. Prieto-Márquez (2010) defined Hadrosaurinae as only the lineage containing H. foulkii, and used the name Saurolophinae instead for the traditional grouping. The cladogram below follows Godefroit et al. (2012) analysis. The following cladogram was recovered in the 2013 phylogenetic analysis by Prieto-Márquez (the relationships within Lambeosaurinae and between basal hadrosauroids aren't shown). In a 2023 study, Alarcón-Muñoz et al. implemented an updated version of the phylogenetic matrix of Rozadilla et al. (2022) to analyze the relationships of saurolophines and hadrosaurids. They proposed the name Austrokritosauria for the clade of entirely South American saurolophines closely related to kritosaurins. The results of their phylogenetic analyses of Saurolophinae are displayed in the cladogram below. See also Timeline of hadrosaur research References Cretaceous dinosaurs Taxa named by Lawrence Lambe	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saurolophinae
Howard Post (November 2, 1926 – May 21, 2010) was an American animator, cartoonist, and comic strip and comic book writer-artist. Post is known for his syndicated newspaper comic strip The Dropouts which had a 13-year run and for creating DC Comics' Anthro. Early life and career Born in New York City, Post grew up in the Coney Island and Sheepshead Bay neighborhoods of Brooklyn and then in The Bronx. In a 1999 interview, he recalled his start in drawing and his father's influence: As a teenager, Post attended the Hastings School of Animation, in New York City. When he was age 16 or 17, his father was stricken with tuberculosis and hospitalized, making Post the primary breadwinner for a family of four. At Paramount Pictures' animation studio, Famous Studios he earned $24 a week as an in-betweener. Comic books To supplement what even then was considered a meager income, Post broke into comic books—first being rejected by the L. B. Cole studio on 42nd Street and then successfully selling work to artist Bernard Baily on West 43rd. Post's earliest confirmed comic book art appeared in 1945: the cover of publisher Prize Comics' Wonderland Comics #2, and the five-page "3-Alarm Fire!", starring Hopeless Henry, in Cambridge House Publishers' Gold Medal Comics #1. Credited as Howie Post, he soon began drawing for the company that would become DC Comics, including the features "Jimminy and the Magic Book" in More Fun Comics, "Rodeo Rick" in Western Comics, "Presto Pete" in Animal Antics, "Chick 'n Gumbo" in Funny Folks, and "J. Rufus Lion" in Comic Cavalcade, among other work. During the 1950s, he drew many humorous stories for the satirical comics Crazy, Wild, and Riot, from Marvel Comics' 1950s forerunner, Atlas Comics, as well as occasional stories in that publishers horror comics, including Journey into Mystery, Uncanny Tales, and Mystery Tales. As Howie Post, he drew the three-issue run of Atlas' The Monkey and the Bear (Sept. 1953 - Jan. 1954). Harvey Comics and later career at Famous Studios By 1961, Post was drawing adventures of such Harvey Comics’ characters as Hot Stuff the Little Devil, Spooky the Tuff Little Ghost, Wendy the Good Little Witch, and the Ghostly Trio in such comics books as Casper's Ghostland and TV Casper & Company, starring Casper the Friendly Ghost. Post was the head of Paramount Cartoon Studios, as well as a key director, succeeding Seymour Kneitel from 1964 through 1965. He later went up to director and writer position at Famous Studios, and created and designed a character named Honey Halfwitch (voiced by Shari Lewis), who is half-wizard, half-girl. Post pitched the character to the highest brass at Paramount. In June 1966, Shamus Culhane, the last head of Famous Studios, took over the series, and the character was given a new design and voice in the last 4 cartoons. The final cartoon, Brother Bat, was the last cartoon with Post's involvement as a writer. The series would continue until August of 1967, 4 months before the studio shutted down. Anthro In the late 1960s, as Howie Post, he created, wrote and drew the prehistoric-teen comic book Anthro for DC Comics, which ran six issues (Aug. 1968 - Aug. 1969) after debuting in Showcase, with the last issue in the series inked by Wally Wood and Ralph Reese. The Dropouts The Dropouts was a comic strip created by Post and was syndicated by United Features Syndicate from 1968 to 1981. Post began the strip at the same time his comic book Anthro was canceled. The premise of The Dropouts was a variation on the "stranded on a desert island" gag. The two main characters, Alf and Sandy, were indeed castaways, but the island is hardly deserted: One of the strip's running gags was how closely the natives' society resembled Western civilization. Other characters, all natives, included a one-man police force, a doctor, and a chef running a cafe with inedible food. There were other Western characters, including a religious zealot, an angry feminist and a disheveled alcoholic, Chugalug. Later life and career In the mid-to-late 1980s, Post drew for the Star imprint of Marvel Comics, on titles such as Heathcliff and Care Bears. He was also an editor on Looney Tunes Magazine and Tiny Toons Magazine for DC Comics. In later years, Post taught art and illustration privately and at New York's School of Visual Arts. A long-time resident of Leonia, New Jersey, he was survived by his companion of 24 years, Pamela Rutt, and two daughters, Andee Post and Glynnis Doda. His wife Bobbee predeceased him in 1980. References External links Post Scripts by Mark Evanier 1926 births 2010 deaths American comic strip cartoonists Artists from Brooklyn People from Sheepshead Bay, Brooklyn People from Crown Heights, Brooklyn People from Leonia, New Jersey Famous Studios people Inkpot Award winners	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Howard%20Post
Saurolophini is a tribe of saurolophine hadrosaurids native to the Americas and Asia. It includes Saurolophus (from Canada and Mongolia), Augustynolophus (from the United States), and Prosaurolophus (from Alberta, Canada, and Montana, U.S.). Kerberosaurus and Kundurosaurus may also be members. Bonapartesaurus, a hadrosaurid from Argentina, also has been identified as a member of this tribe. Fossils of saurolophins have been found in Canada, the United States and Asia, with the North American fossils being older than the Asian, suggesting saurolophins migrated intra-continentally. See also Timeline of hadrosaur research References Saurolophines Fossil taxa described in 1989	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saurolophini
Edmontosaurini are a tribe of saurolophine hadrosaur dinosaurs that lived in the Northern Hemisphere during the Late Cretaceous period. It currently contains Edmontosaurus (from Canada and the United States), Shantungosaurus and Laiyangosaurus (from Shandong, China), and Kamuysaurus (from Japan). Kerberosaurus and Kundurosaurus from Russia could also be members, though they are more likely saurolophins. See also Timeline of hadrosaur research References Saurolophines	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edmontosaurini
Lords of the Liverdance is the third album of Finnish psytrance-duo Eraser vs Yöjalka. It was released on June, 2006 by Australian record label Faerie Dragon Records. Track listing "Nice to Mute You" – 6:56 "Nuts for Nothing" – 6:13 "Brain to Feet" – 5:41 "Hell Sin Key THCruise" – 5:01 "High on Heels" – 6:38 "Faster.Liver.Dancer" – 5:26 "Nolerco" (EvsY Remix) – 6:20 "Kaliman Kakarat" – 6:35 "Home Deep Home" – 6:00 "Sky Breaks" – 3:23 External links Official homepage of Eraser vs Yöjalka Information and samples of Lords of the Liverdance at Sonic Dragon website 2006 albums Eraser vs Yöjalka albums	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lords%20of%20the%20Liverdance
Lavernock Battery was built at Lavernock Point, Wales on the recommendations of the 1860 Royal Commission during the late 1860s to protect the ports of the Severn Estuary. It was replaced by a new anti-aircraft battery during World War II that was equipped with four heavy anti-aircraft guns. History The Palmerston government initiated a large system of coastal fortifications and Lavernock Battery was the most northerly of a chain of defences across the Bristol Channel, protecting the access to Bristol and Cardiff. Completed in 1870, the battery was initially armed with three rifled muzzle-loading (RML) Mk III guns on disappearing carriages. An 1895 inventory reported a fourth seven-inch gun. By 1903 all four guns had been replaced by two breech-loading six-inch (152 mm) Mk VII guns. The two 6-inch guns formed part of the Fixed Defences, Severn Scheme and protected the Atlantic shipping convoy de-grouping zone between Cardiff, Barry and Flat Holm. They were manned by men of the 531st (Glamorgan) Coast Regiment, Royal Artillery. On 13 May 1897, Guglielmo Marconi sent the world's first ever wireless communication over open sea. The experiment transmitted a message over the Bristol Channel from Flat Holm Island to Lavernock Point in Penarth, a distance of . The message read "Are you ready". The transmitting equipment was almost immediately relocated to Brean Down Fort on the Somerset coast, stretching the range to . Description The battery was triangular shaped with four gun emplacements, a protective ditch, barracks, a laboratory, and a magazine. Most of the battery has been demolished and the ditch filled in; a swimming pool has been built over one of the magazines. What remains is included in a holiday caravan and chalet park. The Second World War heavy anti-aircraft battery covers an area about and also had four gun emplacements for 3.7-inch guns, each of which had some storage for ready-use ammunition. A larger magazine was positioned between two of the gun pits. All of the guns were controlled by a central director-rangefinder observation position. This battery is in good condition and has been listed as a Scheduled Ancient Monument. References Further reading External links Palmerston Forts Society Forts in the Vale of Glamorgan Palmerston Forts Artillery batteries	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lavernock%20Battery
The Leyland Eight was a luxury car produced by Leyland Motors from 1920 to 1923. The car was designed by the chief engineer of Leyland Motors, J.G. Parry-Thomas and his assistant Reid Railton, and was intended to be the finest car available. It was the first British car with a straight-eight engine. The Eight was introduced to the public at the 1920 International Motor Exhibition at Olympia, London, where it was referred to as the "Lion of Olympia". Engine and transmission The engine, with cylinder block and upper crankcase cast in one piece, had a single centrally mounted overhead camshaft, hemispherical combustion chambers, and an bore. The engine was offered in one of two capacities: with a stroke, producing at 2,500 rpm or with a stroke and twin carburettors, producing at 3,500 rpm. The crankshaft ran in five bearings. Ignition was by coil and distributor rather than magneto which was the more usual British practice at the time. Transmission was through a single plate clutch to a separately mounted four speed gearbox. The rear axle was unconventional with the differential mounted ahead of the axle. The spiral bevel crown wheel and pinion arrangement had two crown wheels each attached to a half shaft allowing them to be arranged at an angle to each other to give the rear wheels a positive camber. Chassis and suspension The channel section chassis had suspension by leaf springs at the front and a mix of leaf springs and torsion bars at the rear. At the front semi-elliptical springs were used with radius arms controlling fore and aft movement of the axle. The radius arms were joined by a torsion bar across the front of the chassis to act as an anti-roll bar. At the rear the quarter-elliptical springs had their front ends mounted in a boss that was attached to a short transverse torsion bar which controlled the rotation of the boss making the suspension a hybrid arrangement. As at the front linked radius rods provided axle location and anti-roll properties. The brakes, with vacuum servo assistance, were on the rear wheels only. Coachwork Factory-made bodies were available in open tourer style with either two or five seats and chassis were also supplied to customers for their choice of coachbuilders which included Vanden Plas and Windovers. The car was very expensive, the chassis for delivery to a coachbuilder costing £2,500 in 1920 reducing to £1,875 in 1922 and only about 18 were made. It was the most expensive British car of its day. Today, the only example known to exist, a Leyland-Thomas, is one assembled from spares in 1929 and in the collection of the British Motor Industry Heritage Trust (BMIHT) and displayed in the British Motor Museum (formerly the Heritage Motor Centre). Leyland-Thomas After amicably leaving Leyland in 1922 J. G. Parry-Thomas moved to premises at Brooklands race track taking with him at least three chassis and a large quantity of spares. There he built the Leyland-Thomas, a racing special based on the Leyland Eight. After the death of Parry Thomas his premises were taken over by Thomson & Taylor who built the car now owned by the BMIHT. Owners Michael Collins, the Irish politician and revolutionary leader, was travelling in a Leyland Eight when he was fatally shot in 1922. Two cars were ordered by the Maharaja of Patiala but are not thought to survive. See also Arab Motors – a car company formed by Railton. References Eight, Leyland Grand tourers Vintage vehicles Vehicles designed by Reid Railton First car made by manufacturer	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leyland%20Eight
Red Iron Nights is a fantasy novel by American writer Glen Cook, the sixth novel in his ongoing Garrett P.I. series. The series combines elements of mystery and fantasy as it follows the adventures of private investigator Garrett. Plot introduction Garrett is a hardboiled detective living in the city of Tun Faire, a melting pot of different races, cultures, religions, and species. When people have problems, they often come to Garrett for help, but trouble has a way of finding Garrett on its own, whether he likes it or not. Plot summary Garrett is relaxing at the Joy House with Saucerhead and Morley Dotes, when Belinda Contague, a psychotic but beautiful daughter of underworld kingpin Chodo Contague, stumbles into the bar. She is attacked by a wizened old man who spits butterflies from his mouth and tries to drag her into his black stagecoach. Garrett stops him, though the man gets away, then moves on to his next job, tailing a religious crackpot by the name of Barking Dog Amato. Then Captain Westman Block of the city Watch (the ineffectual, corrupt local police) comes knocking. Block needs Garrett's help to solve a series of grisly murders, in which upper class young ladies are being strung up and gutted in bizarre, ritualistic killings. Garrett soon realizes that the attempted kidnapping of Belinda Contague is connected to the murders. Garrett and Morley track down the coach, and in a bungled sleuthing attempt, Garrett ends up killing the serial killer. Figuring that the case is closed, Garrett finds time to spend on Barking Dog Amato, but Block later informs Garrett that there has been another murder. It seems that an ancient curse is responsible for the murders, so that killing the murderer merely sees the ingenious, complicated spell seize control of another unfortunate and turn them into a serial killer. Worse, the curse learns from its mistakes and becomes more and more powerful with each reincarnation. Meanwhile, Garrett finds out that Chodo Contague suffered a stroke during his encounter with the Serpent in the previous novel, Dread Brass Shadows, and Crask and Sadler are ruling the crime world in his stead. Belinda Contague, fearing Crask and Sadler, seeks Garrett's help. When Block and Garrett, along with Relway, an up-and-coming, fanatical, uncorrupt member of the Watch, find the new bearer of the curse, he escapes yet again. Ultimately, the curse is neutralized, and Belinda Contague overthrows Crask and Sadler and takes over as ruler of the underworld, keeping her father as a figurehead. Finally, as a gag gift, Morley gives Garrett an annoying talking parrot, which plays a role in later Garrett novels. Characters Garrett The Dead Man Dean Morley Dotes Saucerhead Tharpe Belinda Contague Barking Dog Amato Captain Westman Block Playmate Crask and Sadler Deal Relway Garrett P.I. 1991 American novels American fantasy novels	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red%20Iron%20Nights
Fort Washington Park is a public park located in the Washington Heights section of Upper Manhattan in New York City. It runs along the banks of the Hudson River next to Riverside Drive and the Henry Hudson Parkway from West 155th Street to Dyckman Street. The George Washington Bridge crosses above the park; below the bridge is a small point of land called Jeffrey's Hook, which is the site of the Little Red Lighthouse. The park features riverside views of the New Jersey Palisades and the George Washington Bridge. Amenities include pedestrian and greenway paths, baseball fields, basketball courts, tennis courts, volleyball courts, a soccer field and a playground. Etymology The name references the nearby site of Fort Washington, a fortified position that was the site of the 1776 Battle of Fort Washington during the American Revolutionary War. The fort is physically located and commemorated in Bennett Park. Geography Fort Washington Park covers . It is bounded on the west by the Hudson River, on the north by Dyckman Street, on the east by the Henry Hudson Parkway, and on the south by 155th Street. The park contains connections to Inwood Hill Park to the north and Fort Tryon Park and Riverside Park to the south; all are part of the Manhattan Waterfront Greenway. The Henry Hudson Parkway (NY 9A) and Amtrak's Empire Connection run through the western part of the park. History During the American Revolutionary War, a series of fortifications were built on the steep cliff east of the park's northeast corner, which was known by the Americans as Fort Washington. The actual site of Fort Washington is less than a mile south at Bennett Park. The area was an ancillary site of the Battle of Fort Washington, fought on November 16, 1776, in which British troops took Fort Washington after a two-hour battle, renaming it Fort Knyphausen, named after Hessian General Wilhelm von Knyphausen. The British peacefully withdrew from Manhattan in 1783. The fortification was later demolished and the surrounding area came to be known as Washington Heights. A rock commemorating the "American Redout" (using an archaic spelling of redoubt) is located in the park near 181st Street, at a location that is hard to access. During the construction of Riverside Park and Riverside Drive to the south in the late 19th century, Frederick Law Olmsted devised plans for Riverside, Fort Washington, and Morningside Parks, which called for these parks to be designed around the existing landscape. Fort Washington Park was created in 1894 through city legislation. Between 1896 and 1927, most of the parcels were acquired through five incidents of eminent domain. Several plans for development within Fort Washington Park were proposed during the early 20th century, such as a plan to build a waterside annex for the West End Hotel in 1912, and a theater-and-comfort-station complex the following year. These were never built due to neighborhood opposition. Two structures were built within the park during this time: the Little Red Lighthouse and the Inspiration Point shelter. Improvements to the park in the 1910s, which entailed clearing hundreds of trees for bridle paths and walkways, resulted in a lawsuit from sculptor Gutzon Borglum. Another project in the same area concerned the presence of the New York Central Railroad's West Side Line (now the Empire Connection) within the park. In 1916, the railroad and local groups agreed on a plan to build a tunnel for the railroad under Riverside and Fort Washington Parks. Concurrently, Riverside Drive was to be extended northward through Fort Washington Park and to the Bronx. In January 1917, John D. Rockefeller Jr. purchased Fort Tryon Park adjacent to the northeast corner of Fort Washington Park. That June, he announced that Fort Tryon would be given to the city on the conditions that it be joined to the existing Fort Washington and Riverside Parks on the Hudson River, and that the city maintain that park. To preserve the views from the parks along the Hudson River, Rockefeller had purchased land on the opposite side of the Hudson, thereby preventing it from being developed; this later became Palisades Interstate Park. The city acquired of land in 1921 to connect the two park sites. In 1927, part of Fort Washington Park was given to the Port of New York Authority, which built the George Washington Bridge directly above the park. During construction, one advocacy group expressed concerns that the presence of the bridge's towers would degrade the quality of Fort Washington Park directly underneath. The bridge was opened in 1931 and the connection to Fort Tryon Park opened four years later. The Henry Hudson Parkway, running east of the park, opened in 1936. In the following years, additional land for Fort Washington Park was acquired. This included from the Port of New York Authority in 1939, the New York City Board of Estimate in 1966, and the New York City Department of Real Property in 1989. A survey in 2013 found that Fort Washington Park was larger than previously measured, making the park 160 acres in total. Several improvements were also made to Fort Washington Park. As part of the construction of a nearby psychiatric facility at 165th Street in 1994, a new footbridge to the park was built. A marina at Dyckman Street was opened the following year, and the Lily Brown Playground was renovated from 2001 to 2002. In 2014, a $3.5 million, bicycle path was opened within the park, running from Dyckman Street to a dead end at 186th Street. A connection between the new bike path and the existing Manhattan Waterfront Greenway at 180th Street would cost $22 million, since it would require the construction of additional shoreline on the river. Structures Inspiration Point The Inspiration Point shelter is located in the park, close to the intersection of the Henry Hudson Parkway and 181st Street. It was designed in the Neoclassical style by Gustave Steinacher and opened in 1925. The shelter consisted of two levels: a deck with Doric columns and a wooden trellis on the upper story, and restrooms on the lower story. The shelter was popular among motorists who used it for private romantic encounters, but later fell into disuse. Lighthouse The Little Red Lighthouse is located on a spit of land under the George Washington Bridge, called Jeffrey's Hook. The current lighthouse, which replaced a rudimentary indicator, was initially located at Sandy Hook, New Jersey, and was decommissioned at that site in 1917. The United States Lighthouse Establishment moved the lighthouse to Fort Washington Park in 1921, and it was decommissioned in 1948, having become outdated after the George Washington Bridge's construction. The United States Coast Guard initially intended to sell off the lighthouse, but decided against doing so after protests from local children. Since 1951, NYC Parks has operated the lighthouse as part of Fort Washington Park. The Little Red Lighthouse is both on the National Register of Historic Places and a designated New York City Landmark. Dyckman Street Boat Marina The Dyckman Street Boat Marina is located at the northern tip of the park at the end of Dyckman Street. Formerly the site of a car float across the Hudson River, which closed in 1941, the land was given to NYC Parks in 1966. Twenty-one years later, Dyckman Marine Venture proposed redeveloping the car float site with a marina, pier, and restaurant, and NYC Parks gave the organization permission to use the site. The complex was partially paid through federal government funds due to an obscure stipulation in a federal law that primarily provided funds to suburban and rural fisheries. Completed in 1995, the marina also includes a fishing pier. Recreational facilities Fort Washington Park contains Lily Brown Playground at 162nd Street. Built on a parcel that was acquired in 1925, the playground is located on an embankment. It is named after Lily Brown, a local resident who in the 1980s and 1990s advocated for a renovation of the playground. The playground was restored in the early 2000s. The southern end of the park also contains two baseball fields, a soccer field, five softball fields, a basketball court, and ten handball courts. The area between 155th and 165th Streets is the only portion of Fort Washington Park with active recreational facilities. See also Fort Washington (Manhattan) References Notes Sources External links Fort Washington Park - NYC Parks Secrets of Fort Washington Park Parks in Manhattan Washington Heights, Manhattan Manhattan Waterfront Greenway Parks on the Hudson River	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fort%20Washington%20Park%20%28Manhattan%29
Cimarron Range may refer to: Cimarron Range in the Sangre de Cristo Mountains in New Mexico Cimarron Ridge in the San Juan Mountains	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cimarron%20Range
Yarnfield is a village in Staffordshire, England. Population details as taken in the 2011 census can be found under Swynnerton It is considered part of historic Stone, and is near to other historic locations such as Eccleshall and Swynnerton. Yarnfield and Cold Meece civil parish and parish council came into being in April 2019, with two wards, Yarnfield and Cold Meece. It is included in the Borough of Stafford, and was previously the southern part of Swynnerton parish. The village has performed very well in the Staffordshire Best Kept Village competition in recent years. Yarnfield Park It is the site of a large training and conference centre, Yarnfield Park, originally established using three of the seven hostels built to serve the vast Second World War Swynnerton munitions factory. Of the other hostel sites, Raleigh Hall is now an industrial estate, previously having housed Ugandan Asian refugees thrown out of Uganda by Idi Amin in 1972; Drake Hall is a women's prison; Nelson Hall and Frobisher Hall have been replaced with housing estates, as has Duncan Hall, one of the three camps which formed the training centre later developed as Yarnfield Park. The General Post Office (GPO) Engineering Department Central Training School opened in Yarnfield in 1946. It occupied buildings at Howard Hall, Duncan Hall and Beatty Hall, which had all acted as transit camps for United States Air Force personnel during the Second World War. These sites were adjacent to each other in the village of Yarnfield. Many teaching staff and their families were initially housed at Raleigh Hall, some miles away. The GPO became the Post Office Corporation in October 1969, and in October 1981 Post Office Telephones became British Telecom. The training centre had a further change of name in 2002 when it became part of Accenture. It remained a British Telecom training centre until the summer of 2010, after which it became a commercial conference and training centre with over 40 event spaces and 338 bedrooms, making it one of the UK's largest centres, although Openreach, which is a part of BT still has a training centre there. The centre is now privately owned and is known as Yarnfield Park Training & Conference Centre. Education Springfields First School in Yarnfield received an Outstanding rating from Ofsted in November 2009. Public transport Bus services are limited and at most run hourly during daytime and not in evenings. The most regular service is provided by D&G (bus route 14). This runs from Hanley, Stoke, via Barlaston, Stone, Swynnerton, to Yarnfield, and then via Eccleshall to Stafford. See also Listed buildings in Swynnerton References Further research Official Yarnfield Park Centre website. Staffordshire Past Track has old photos and some further info. Subterranea Britannica has an article on the nearby Cold Meece Royal Ordnance Factory. Yarnfield Village Website. External links Villages in Staffordshire Borough of Stafford Stone, Staffordshire	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yarnfield
Tourism in Wales makes up a significant portion of the Welsh economy and attracting millions of visitors each year. The tourism industry in Wales was worth around £5bn in 2017. The tourism industry also makes a significant contribution to the Welsh economy, supporting over 100,00 jobs and more than 8% of the Welsh workforce. Wales attracts visitors from overseas, particularly from the United States, Australia, Germany and the Republic of Ireland. Visitors and economic contribution Wales is an emerging tourist destination, with 9.39m visitors to Conwy alone in 2018 and 8,078,900 visitors to National Trust and Wales Tourist Board destinations in 2002. As of 2017 the tourism industry in Wales has been estimated to have an annual turnover of £4.8 billion. In 2005 tourism contributed to the economy of Wales supporting over 100,000 service-sector jobs, more than 8% of the country's workforce. The most popular activities undertaken by tourists in Wales were walking, shopping, hiking in the mountains and visiting historic attractions, museums and galleries. 970,000 overseas tourists visited Wales in 2015 spending £410m. The capital, Cardiff is the most popular area in Wales for tourists, with 14.6 million visitors in 2009, which provides 26,300 jobs in the sector. In 2004, tourists spent the most money in Gwynedd, followed by Conwy and Cardiff. The main countries of origin of overseas visitors were the Republic of Ireland, the United States and Germany. The majority of tourism however, is from other parts of the UK (predominantly England). A 2016 study showed that 15% of overseas visitors to Wales came from the USA, followed by Australia at 13% and Germany at 12%. Reasons The varied landscape of Wales attracts tourism. There are three national parks: the Brecon Beacons National Park, the Snowdonia National Park and the Pembrokeshire Coast National Park. Popular activities in the national parks include hill walking, hiking, canoeing, mountain biking, kayaking and climbing. Wales is also becoming increasingly popular for 'extreme' sports, such as surfing, hang gliding and downhill cycling (in which Wales hosts the 'Dragon Downhill Series'). The terrain of Wales has also attracted the World Rally Championship (WRC). The Wales Rally GB is held annually. The 2005 Wales Rally GB saw the first WRC stage to be set indoors, at the Millennium Stadium. In Cardiff, the regenerated Cardiff Bay area is one of the most popular destinations. Wales' history and culture also attract tourists. The Museum of Welsh Life, which focuses largely on the industrial past of Wales, is currently the most popular tourist attraction in Wales, attracting over 600,000 visitors annually. The scars of the industrial revolution and Wales' industrial heritage can still be seen on parts of the Welsh landscape today. Many other places of historical interest attract large numbers of tourists: for example the many castles, such as Caernarfon Castle and Caerphilly Castle—most of them built to enable or to consolidate the English conquest of Wales, during the reign of the English king Edward I. Another increasingly popular reason for visiting Wales, as with the rest of the United Kingdom—especially for those from North America—is genealogy, with many visitors coming to Wales to explore their family and ancestral roots. 1.8 million United States citizens are estimated to have Welsh ancestral roots, including former presidents, Abraham Lincoln and Thomas Jefferson. History The Wye Valley witnessed the birth of British tourism in the 18th century. The area became widely known after Observations on the River Wye by the Reverend William Gilpin was published in 1782. The first illustrated tour guide to be published in Britain, it helped travellers locate and enjoy the most picturesque places, such as Tintern Abbey. A particular attraction of the Wye Valley was its river scenery, and the many guidebooks, engravings and paintings encouraged a continuing steady stream of visitors which grew after the building of a new turnpike road up the valley in 1822 and the opening of a rail line in 1865. However, when George Borrow wrote Wild Wales in 1862 it is clear from his descriptions that the notion of tourism in more mountainous parts of Wales hardly existed except for the most intrepid traveller. Indeed, he records that many locals regarded the mountainous and wild landscapes as monstrous and ugly rather than romantic or picturesque. However, later in the 19th century the concept of mountains and valleys as both interesting and visually pleasing landscapes developed; and North Wales in particular benefited, as towns and villages such as Betws-y-Coed developed to accommodate the increasing numbers of visitors. The changing face of industrialisation in the North West of England and in the Midlands, with increasing pay rates and the provision of paid time off for industrial workers, allowed many people to enjoy an annual holiday for the first time. Many chose to visit seaside resorts such as Llandudno, Prestatyn and Rhyl in North Wales, Aberystwyth and Barmouth in Mid Wales and Barry, Tenby, Swansea and Penarth in South Wales, which among others were developed to respond to this trend. Infrastructure Wales is connected to the rest of the United Kingdom (its principal tourist market) by road, rail and domestic flights. The M4 Motorway connects South and West Wales with Southern England and London. The A55 road is the principal route linking North Wales with North West England. There are several rail links between England and Wales, and trains run to Cardiff Central, Newport and Swansea from London Paddington, and to Cardiff Central from Portsmouth, Gloucester, Birmingham New Street, Manchester Picadilly, Nottingham and Newcastle. Cardiff Central offers connections to the South Wales Valleys, the Vale of Glamorgan and West Wales, and Swansea offers connections to West Wales. There are direct services from London Euston and Birmingham to Holyhead via the North Wales Coast. Internally, there are services from Cardiff to Holyhead. Cardiff Airport has domestic and some international flights. Some budget airlines operate from Cardiff to Europe, Africa and North America. Internally, there are twice daily return flights from Cardiff to Anglesey with Highland Airways. Many daily flight operate to and from other major UK cities such as Newcastle, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Aberdeen and Belfast. The country is also connected to Ireland by car ferry services operating daily from Welsh ports, principally Holyhead. These services are frequent and usually operated by fast ferries. Covid-19 Pandemic During much of 2020 and well into 2021, the restrictions and lockdowns necessitated by the COVID-19 pandemic negatively affected all sectors of the economy and "tourism and hospitality suffered notable losses from the pandemic" across the UK. As of 6 April 2021, visitors from "red list" countries were still not allowed to enter unless they were UK residents. Restrictions will "likely be in place until the summer", one report predicted, with June being the most likely time for tourism from other countries to begin a rebound. On 12 April 2021, many tourist facilities were still closed in Wales but non-essential travel between Wales and England was finally permitted. Wales also allowed non-essential retail stores to open. The outdoor areas of restaurants and pubs would reopen on 26 April 2021. See also List of Blue Flag Beaches of Wales Museums in Wales National parks of Wales List of World Heritage Sites in Wales Wales Coast Path List of castles in Wales List of tourist attractions in Wales References External links Visit Wales Welsh Assembly Government Attractions North Wales (Funded by Tourism Partnership North Wales)	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tourism%20in%20Wales
In organic chemistry, thiepine (or thiepin) is an unsaturated seven-membered heterocyclic compound, with six carbon atoms and one sulfur atom. The parent compound, C6H6S is unstable and is predicted to be antiaromatic. Bulky derivatives have been isolated and shown by X-ray crystallography to have nonplanar C6S ring. Theoretical studies suggest that thiepine would eliminate a sulfur atom to form benzene. The intermediate is this process is the bicycle thianorcaradiene. In the complex with (η4-C6H6S)Fe(CO)3, the ring is stable. Benzothiepines have one fused benzene group and dibenzothiepines such as dosulepin and zotepine have two fused benzene groups. Damotepine is another thiepin derivative. See also Thiazepines 2,3-Dihydrothiepine 2,7-Dihydrothiepine References External links Thiepines Antiaromatic compounds	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thiepine
Dennys Velarde Reyes (; born April 19, 1977) is a Mexican former professional baseball pitcher. In more than a decade-long career in Major League Baseball (MLB), he played for 11 different teams, often as a left-handed specialist. Nicknamed "The Big Sweat", during his career he was listed at and . He held the MLB record for games pitched by a Mexico-born player with 673, until surpassed by Joakim Soria in 2019. Personal life Childhood and family Reyes was born in Higuera de Zaragoza, Mexico and attended Ignacio Zaragoza High School in Mexico. He is married to Claudia and has two sons: Dennys Alejandro and Cristian de Jesus. Reyes has been criticized about his weight. He has a baseball stadium named after him in his native Higuera de Zaragoza, Mexico. Professional career Los Angeles Dodgers Reyes signed with the Los Angeles Dodgers as an undrafted free agent in . He made his major league debut for the Dodgers on July 13, 1997, at age 20 against the San Francisco Giants. In six innings, Reyes allowed three earned runs on four hits while striking out six and walking four to earn the win. He was the second youngest player in the league at the time, four days older than Atlanta Braves outfielder Andruw Jones. Reyes pitched with the Dodgers for parts of two seasons, compiling a record of 2–7 with a 4.18 earned run average (ERA) in 25 games (eight starts). Cincinnati Reds On July 4, 1998, Reyes was traded by the Dodgers along with Paul Konerko to the Cincinnati Reds for Jeff Shaw. Reyes spent three and a half seasons with Cincinnati, pitching in 170 games (14 starts) while compiling a record of 9–10 with two saves and an ERA of 4.40. Colorado Rockies On December 18, 2001, Reyes was traded by the Reds with Pokey Reese to the Colorado Rockies for Gabe White and Luke Hudson. He began the 2002 season pitching out of the Rockies bullpen, going 0–1 with a 4.24 ERA in 43 relief appearances. Texas Rangers On July 31, 2002, Reyes was traded to the Texas Rangers along with Todd Hollandsworth in exchange for Gabe Kapler and Jason Romano. While with Texas, he split time between the bullpen and starting rotation, posting a 4–3 record with a 6.38 ERA in 15 games (five starts). Pittsburgh Pirates On January 23, 2003, Reyes signed a minor league contract with the Pittsburgh Pirates. On March 25, it was announced that he had made the Opening Day roster. On May 17, Reyes was designated for assignment to make room for Pat Mahomes. At the time, he had posted a 10.45 ERA in 12 games. The Pirates released Reyes on May 19. Arizona Diamondbacks On June 11, 2003, Reyes signed with the Arizona Diamondbacks. He made three relief appearances with Arizona in the final month of the season, recording an ERA of 11.57. Kansas City Royals On December 2, 2003, Reyes signed with the Kansas City Royals for the 2004 season. He spent the entire season with the Royals, going 4–8 with a 4.75 ERA in 40 games (12 starts). With the Royals, Reyes had career highs in games started (12), innings pitched (108) and strikeouts (91). San Diego Padres On November 29, 2004, Reyes signed a one-year, $550,000 contract with the San Diego Padres. He was released on July 17, 2005, after posting a 3–2 record with a 5.15 ERA in 36 games (one start). Minnesota Twins On February 21, 2006, Reyes signed a free agent contract with the Minnesota Twins worth $550,000. In 2006, Reyes posted a record of 5–0 with a career-best 0.89 ERA in 66 relief appearances. On August 24, 2006, he was signed to a two-year, $2 million contract extension. In the 2006 American League Divisional Series against the Oakland Athletics, Reyes appeared in two games, recording a 9.00 ERA. He continued as a left-handed specialist in the Twins bullpen in 2007 and 2008. In 2008, he had the lowest average pitches per game pitched, with 9. St. Louis Cardinals On March 5, , Reyes signed a two-year contract with the St. Louis Cardinals worth approximately $3 million. He made 75 relief appearances in his first season with the Cardinals, going 0–2 with one save and a 3.29 ERA. In 2010, he was 3–1 with one save and a 3.55 ERA in 59 appearances. Philadelphia Phillies On December 9, 2010, Reyes agreed to a one-year, $1.25 million contract with the Philadelphia Phillies. The deal included a club option for 2012. However, the deal fell apart and Reyes remained a free agent. Boston Red Sox On February 5, 2011, Reyes signed a minor league deal with the Boston Red Sox and attended spring training as a non-roster invitee. He made the team's opening day roster, and was the only left-handed pitcher in the Red Sox bullpen at the start of the season. On April 8, he was designated for assignment, thus ending his short tenure with the Red Sox. In four games, Reyes posted a 16.20 ERA, including an outing where he allowed three earned runs without retiring a batter. He was later assigned to Triple-A Pawtucket Red Sox. Baltimore Orioles Reyes signed a minor league contract with the Baltimore Orioles on January 30, 2012. He also received an invitation to spring training. On March 4, 2012, Reyes was released by the Orioles for failure to report to Spring training. Naranjeros de Hermosillo Reyes was hurt for most of 2012, but he later signed with the Naranjeros de Hermosillo of the Mexican Pacific League. He pitched his first game for the team as a starter on November 2, 2012. References External links 1977 births Living people Albuquerque Dukes players Arizona Diamondbacks players Baseball players from Sinaloa Boston Red Sox players Cañeros de Los Mochis players Cincinnati Reds players Colorado Rockies players Diablos Rojos del México players Great Falls Dodgers players Gulf Coast Red Sox players Indianapolis Indians players Kansas City Royals players Los Angeles Dodgers players Louisville RiverBats players Major League Baseball players from Mexico Major League Baseball pitchers Mexican expatriate baseball players in the United States Mexican League baseball pitchers Minnesota Twins players Naranjeros de Hermosillo players Pittsburgh Pirates players Rochester Red Wings players San Bernardino Stampede players San Diego Padres players St. Louis Cardinals players Texas Rangers players Toros de Tijuana players Tucson Sidewinders players Vero Beach Dodgers players 2006 World Baseball Classic players 2009 World Baseball Classic players 2013 World Baseball Classic players	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dennys%20Reyes
Lesmahagow Old Parish Church is a congregation of the Church of Scotland within the Presbytery of Lanark. It is the largest church in the South Lanarkshire town of Lesmahagow. A Culdee settlement of Celtic monks existed prior to the 12th Century. The church was dedicated in the name of St. Machutus (St. Malo). This dedication was retained when King David I of Scotland granted "the Church and lands of Lesmahagow" to the Tironensian Order of monks who had already established Kelso Abbey at Kelso. The Priory Church was burnt in 1335 by troops under the command of John of Eltham, brother of King Edward I of England. Many people had sought sanctuary within the church at the time of the burning and are thought to have perished. Thereafter a new church was constructed and lasted until the early 19th century. The present church was constructed in 1804 on the original site. Originally built as a plain, rectangular church, an apse was constructed later in the 19th century and an organ (in the West Gallery) was built by Brindley & Foster and installed in 1889. The Chapter House was added in 1934. After serious damage by fire in 1981 the apse was restored and the entire church redecorated. The church contains some notable stained glass. The centre panel of the East Window, "The Descent from the Cross" is a copy from the centre panel of the triptych painted by Rubens for an altar in Antwerp Cathedral in 1614. The previous minister (since 2003 to approx 2011) was the Revd Aileen Robson,Now it is Rev Morag Garret. Recent former ministers were the Revd Sheila Mitchell 1995-2002 (now a hospital chaplain in Ayr), preceded by the Revd William Niven 1969-1994 (who died in December 2004). Lesmahagow Old Parish Church is linked with neighbouring Coalburn Parish Church (i.e. sharing the same minister). [View of Church and Cemetery: [Picture of St. Malo: Sources: Church of Scotland Yearbook and Churches to Visit in Scotland (2000 edition), published by St Andrew Press, Edinburgh, plus local information. See also List of Church of Scotland parishes External links Coalburn and Lesmahagow Parish Church Church of Scotland Church of Scotland churches in Scotland Churches in South Lanarkshire Category B listed buildings in South Lanarkshire Listed churches in Scotland Lesmahagow	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lesmahagow%20Old%20Parish%20Church
Deadly Quicksilver Lies is a fantasy novel by American writer Glen Cook, the seventh novel in his ongoing Garrett P.I. series. The series combines elements of mystery and fantasy as it follows the adventures of private investigator Garrett. Plot introduction Garrett is a hardboiled detective living in the city of TunFaire, a melting pot of different races, cultures, religions, and species. When people have problems, they often come to Garrett for help, but trouble has a way of finding Garrett on its own, whether he likes it or not. Plot summary With Dean out of town, the Dead Man asleep, and only the Goddamn Parrot for company, Garrett finds himself wishing for something new. When Winger drops by with a job investigating a woman known as Maggie Jenn, Garrett bites. Maggie, meanwhile, hires Garrett to find her missing daughter, Emerald. Everything seems to be going just fine until Garrett is attacked in the street, knocked out, and thrown in the Bledsoe's mental ward. When Garrett escapes, he discovers that the man who put him there goes by the name of Grange Cleaver, also known as The Rainmaker. As Garrett tries to find out more, everyone urges Garrett to be careful, as The Rainmaker has quite a nasty reputation. As usual, Morley gets involved, but when he and Garrett try to capture The Rainmaker, he manages to get away. Meanwhile, Garrett continues his search for Maggie Jenn's daughter, only to find that Maggie has disappeared. In fact, Morley and Garrett discover that she may not actually be a woman at all and could actually be The Rainmaker! When the Outfit gets involved in The Rainmaker's business, the city Watch has no choice to get involved as well. Garrett gets off free of charges, but The Rainmaker is still nowhere to be found. As word of a long buried treasure gets out, even more parties climb into the fray, leaving Garrett bruised and battered again. In a typical novel-ending plot twist, Grange Cleaver dies, things settle down, and Garrett is left to mull over the possibilities. Characters Garrett The Dead Man Morley Dotes The Goddamn Parrot (Mr. Big) Winger Colonel Westman Block Maggie Jenn Grange Cleaver (The Rainmaker) Saucerhead Tharpe Deal Relway Garrett P.I. 1994 American novels American fantasy novels	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deadly%20Quicksilver%20Lies
was a Japanese hip-hop trio from Nagoya, formed in 1996, and whose hiatus started in 2016. They are signed to Ki/oon Records, a subsidiary of Sony Music. Biography Home Made Kazoku is a trio, consisting of members Micro, Kuro, and DJ U-Ichi. The band was originally formed in 1996 the name as part of the hip-hop group Funhouse. Micro joined the group in 1999 and Hoze left in 2001 to form the duo HB, with the remaining members renaming the band to Home Made Kazoku. Vocalists Micro and Kuro are originally from the United States. Micro spent a portion of his childhood in Kentucky, while Kuro stated that he lived in the U.S. until he was twelve in Chicago, Illinois. From 2001 to 2003, the band performed in various Nagoya nightclubs. Shortly after being signed on through local radio station Zip-FM, the trio released the album Home Sweet Home, from which its similarly titled song became one of the most requested songs on Japanese radio stations for the rest of the year. In early 2004, the band was chosen to be part of a country-wide tour known as the Japan Club Tour. During the tour, the trio gained a large portion of their Japanese fanbase, and were also signed on by the recording company, Ki/oon Records. The trio made their major debut with the release of their mini-album . In July 2004, Home Made Kazoku released their first single, Summer Time Magic, which ranked 15th on the Oricon record charts for nearly 10 weeks. After a series of singles, including Thank You!!, which was used as the second ending theme for the anime Bleach, and Shōnen Heart, as well as the second opening theme for the anime Eureka Seven, the band's first full-length album was released "Rock the World". "Rock the World" entered the Oricon charts. The record was in fifth place on the Oricon chart for its first week, and would stay in top 20 for the next eight weeks. Rock the World sold 191,744 copies and became the 78th best selling album of 2005. After their first album, the group went on several tours and concomitantly released several singles. They also released their second and third albums, "Musication" and "Familia". Of special note, tickets to their second tour were sold out within the span of one hour, a record in Japanese music. In January 2007, it was announced that they would perform the first ending theme to the anime Naruto Shippūden entitled Nagareboshi Shooting Star which entered the Oricon charts at 10th place. One of the member, Micro, was featured on the Abingdon Boys School song "Lost Reason" as it appeared on their self-titled album. Home Made Kazoku has performed for a promotional commercial for a product called "Walky Walky" with their song "Easy Walk". In addition, Home Made Kazoku's single, No Rain No Rainbow, is the movie theme for the second Naruto Shippūden movie. In 2011, Home Made Kazoku returned to Naruto Shippūden for the third time with the song "FREEDOM", which was the 17th ending theme. The band played their first show in the US at Otakon 2010 in Baltimore, MD, and returned for Otakon 2013 alongside T.M. Revolution. Their official blog stated in August 2016 that the trio will go on indefinite hiatus by the end of the year. According to the comment by group member Micro, the group is taking a hiatus to "grow individually and take on new challenges." The group's members have since been pursuing solo careers, including DJ U-Ichi's work on his YouTube channel and Kuro working with former member Hoze on the soul group Enband. Style Home Made Kazoku usually displays a very up-beat mood in their music, sometimes described by fans as "feel-good music". The pace of the songs may vary from moderately slow and calm to moderately fast and energetic. Following a trend within Japanese pop, the group makes use of English phrases within the music. This use is rather extensive, as nearly every song contains some amount of English. Most songs utilize the language in the refrain as well as in isolated instances throughout a song. The subject matter of the music usually concerns love, family, peace, harmonious communication with others, fun, and summer festivities. Additionally, most of the music videos seem to take place in the spring or summer, hearkening back to their up-beat mood and liveliness. When asked what they want listeners to take away from hearing their music, they responded saying that no matter where you come from or the color of your skin, we are all one big family. When asked which American artist they would most like to collaborate with, the group showed interest primarily in hip-hop and pop artists. Micro would most like to work with The Black Eyed Peas, Kuro with Stevie Wonder and U-ICHI with Jay-Z. Discography Albums H.M.K.U (2001) Mainichi ga Eiga no you na Hitokoma ～Life Is Beautiful～(2002) Home Sweet Home (2004) Rock the World (May 11, 2005) musication (February 15, 2006) Familia (March 14, 2007) Home (October 8, 2008) Circle (March 3, 2010) AKATSUKI (September 28, 2011) 3RISE (September 12, 2012) Laughin' Road (February 11, 2015) Compilations Heartful Best Songs (6 February 2008) Life goes on & on(Extended Ver.) Home Sweet Home(Reform) Family Tree~Side Works Collection Vol. 1~ Wait For Me (feat. Arikawa Kotomi) I Say Yeah (feat. PUSHIM,RHYMESTER,MAY J & MABOROSHI) abingdon boys school - Lost Reason (feat, Micro) FLOW - Night Parade (feat. Home Made Kazoku) Sowelu - Let's Go Faraway (feat. Micro) (Mine-Chang Remix) SOFFet - Minus To Plus (feat. Kuro) HB - Haru No Hakuchuumu (feat. Home Made Kazoku) Noriyuki Makihara - Honno Sukoshi Dake (feat. Kuro) TUT-1026 - yume tabi (feat. Micro) LITTLE-Gradation (feat. Micro,SHOGO & SMALLEST) FUN HOUSE (Fickle Remix) (feat. KAME,HOZE & TUT-1026) Shimoneta & DJ Taki-Shit - Funky Technician (feat. Home Made Kazoku) (Fickle Remix) KAME &L.N.K. - Shi GO TO Jin (feat. TUT-1026 & Micro) Aikotoba Wa Abracadabra (feat. KOME KOME Club) Singles Summer Time Magic (7 July 2004) Summer Time Magic Mr. Tough Guy Oooh! Yeah! (17 November 2004) Aikotoba Hero Home Party (26 January 2005) Thank You!! Home Sweet Home (Reborn) On the Run (2 March 2005) On the Run Live On Direct pt.2 Adrenaline (3 August 2005) Shōnen Heart Sora to Umi no Deau Tokoro Shōnen Heart (Instrumental) Joyride (5 October 2005) Joyride Manabi no Ma do Life Work! Joyride (Instrumental) (18 January 2006) Salvia no Tsubomi You'll Be Alright with Noriyuki Makihara Nani ga ta desu ka? Salvia no Tsubomi (Instrumental) You'll Be Alright with Noriyuki Makihara (Instrumental) (12 July 2006) Aikotoba wa Abra Cadabra Home Made Kazoku vs. Komekome Club Manatsu no Dance Call Precious Season Aikotoba wa Abra Cadabra Home Made Kazoku vs. Komekome Club (Instrumental) Manatsu no Dance Call (Instrumental) I Say Yeah! (4 October 2006) I Say Yeah!(Micro, May J., Pushim, Kuro, C. Ricketts, S. Sasaki, J. Yamamoto) I Say Yeah!(DJ BOBO JAMES RMX) I Say Yeah!(Breakthrough Remix) I Say Yeah!(Fickle Remix) Everybody Needs Music (22 November 2006) Everybody Needs Music Silver Town Tera Incognita Shirarezarutochi What's Going On (31 January 2007) Kimi ga Kureta Mono Never Enough Salvia no Tsubomi Liga Oriente Remix (7 March 2007) 1st Naruto Shippūden Ending Theme Nagareboshi Shooting Star~ Yonaka ni Kaita Love Letter Nagareboshi Shooting Star (Instrumental) (16 January 2008) Oboeteru Rise & Shine Everybody Needs Music (raw phat remix) Easy Walk (8 April 2008) Easy Walk No Rain No Rainbow(23 July 2008) No Rain No Rainbow I Wish Come Back Home (3 September 2008) Come Back Home Easy Walk (DJ Deckstream Remix) YOU 〜あなたがそばにいる幸せ〜 (YOU ~Anata ga soba ni Iru Shiawase~, You ~Happiness Around You) (11 March 2009) YOU 〜あなたがそばにいる幸せ〜 Fun House ft. Kame (from Kame & L.N.K.), Tut-1026, & Hoze (from Smells Good) Clap! Clap! Tomorrow featuring Kusuo (4 November 2009) Tomorrow featuring Kusuo Mukaikaze (ムカイカゼ, Headwind) Looking for You Silver Town L.O.V.E. (10 February 2010) L.O.V.E. Step by Step Shōnen Heart (Fickle Remix) Nukumori (ぬくもり, Warmth) (27 October 2010) Nukumori Mirai Ōrai (未来オーライ) Nukumori (Instrumental) FREEDOM (1 June 2011) FREEDOM No Rain No Rainbow (Fickle Remix) FREEDOM (Instrumental) FREEDOM (Opening Mix)(Only Limited Edition) Kohaku Iro ni Somaru Kono Machi wa (琥珀色に染まるこの街は, Amber in This city) (January 25, 2012) Kohaku Iro ni Somaru Kono Machi wa Across the Universe Kibun wa Marude Jackpot! (気分はまるでJackpot!, Feeling Yourself Like A Jackpot!) (May 30, 2012) Kibun wa Marude Jackpot! Oiegei feat. Min'na-san (お家芸 feat. みんなさん) Love is... feat. Ms.OOJA (August 8, 2012) Love is... feat. Ms.OOJA メモリーレーン Kimi Ga Ita Kara (July 31, 2013) Kimi Ga Ita Kara SUMMER BORN!!!! Sun Shade Love N.A.M.A Kimi Ga Ita Kara(Instrumental) N.A.M.A.(Instrumental) Hashiri Tsuzukeru(October 23, 2013) Hashiri Tsuzukeru Syncopation Hajimari No Kane N.A.M.A. Remix(feat. Seamo) Hashiri Tsuzukeru-Instrumental- N.A.M.A. Remix(feat. Seamo)-Instrumental- Yokorenbo(January 14, 2015) Yokorenbo You Choose Kodona N.A.M.A.(Remix)(feat. Nobodyknows+) DVDs Live 2005 "Rock the World" ～はじめての家族旅行～ in 名古屋 Home Made Films Vol.1 Home Made Films Vol.2 Home Made Films Vol.3 I Say Yeah! NeOSITE 10th Anniversary Party@Shibuya AX 2006/10/27 Tour 2006 "Musication" ～平成十八年度・新学期家族大歓迎会～ in Zepp Tokyo TOUR 2007 "FAMILIA" ～Heisei 19 Nendo Shiawase Kazokuka Keikaku～ in SHIBUYA AX References External links Home Made Official Website Musical groups established in 1996 Musical groups disestablished in 2016 Ki/oon Music artists Japanese hip hop groups Japanese pop music groups Musical groups from Aichi Prefecture	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home%20Made%20Kazoku
Jackie Jokers is a supporting character of the Richie Rich comic book franchise from Harvey Comics. He is marked by a black bowl haircut. He debuted in 1973, in his own eponymous title, before being canceled and replaced by the title Richie Rich and Jackie Jokers later that year. He and his similar-looking father, Jerry Jokers, are both stand-up comedians. Also featured is Ben Booker, Jackie's talent agent. In every issue of Richie Rich and Jackie Jokers, a featured story would always show Jackie doing a parody of current films, TV shows, or commercials. Titles Jackie Jokers - 4 issues, 1973 Richie Rich and Jackie Jokers — 48 issues, 1973–82 References External links Harvey Comics titles Jokers Fictional comedians	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jackie%20Jokers
Free-choice profiling is a method for determining the quality of a thing by having a large number of subjects experience (view, taste, read, etc.) it and then allowing them to describe the thing in their own words, as opposed to posing them a set of "yes-no-maybe" questions. All of the descriptions are then analyzed to determine a "consensus configuration" of qualities, usually through Generalized Procrustes analysis (GPA) or Multiple factor analysis (MFA). Free-choice profiling first emerged in 1984 but the original published model has been modified by researchers into variations that are more applicable to their particular use. For example, a technique employed by Jean Marc Sieffermann combined it with flash profiling, specifically using the free-profiling strategy of individual panelist vocabulary generation. The method allows panelists to freely develop their own descriptors and scales. A study show that free-choice profiling can provide more accurate sample maps compared with other methodologies such as project mapping and free sorting in the area of sensory characterization. Dr Françoise Wemelsfelder is a well known scientist who has done extensive research in this field. Notes and references Sources Raw Hop Aroma Qualities by Trained Panel Free-Choice Profiling, Gregory J. Stucky and Mina R. McDaniel, available on-line Psychological testing	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free-choice%20profiling
ASTRO-G (also known as VSOP-2, and very rarely called VSOP-B) was a planned radio telescope satellite by JAXA. It was expected to be launched into elliptic orbit around Earth (apogee height 25,000 km, perigee height 1,000 km). History Astro-G was selected in February 2006 against the competition of a proposed new X-Ray astronomy mission (NeXT) and a proposed solar sail mission to Jupiter. Funding started from FY 2007 with a budget of 12 billion yen, around 100 million US dollars. It was planned to be launched in 2012 but technical difficulty with the dish antenna as well as budget constraints led to putting development on hold for fiscal year 2010. Eventually the project was canceled in 2011 for the increased cost and the difficulty of achieving science goals. It was planned to feature a 9 m diameter dish antenna to observe in 8, 22 and 43 GHz bands, and was to be used in combination with ground radio telescopes to perform Very Long Baseline Interferometry. It was expected to achieve ten times higher resolution and ten times higher sensitivity than its predecessor HALCA. Science targets Key science : Jet structure, collimation and acceleration regions Structure of accretion disks around AGN Structure of magnetic fields in protostars Other science targets: Galactic masers in star-forming region Extragalactic Megamasers Radio quiet quasars X-ray binaries, SNR, gravitational lenses etc. See also HALCA Spektr-R References External links ASTRO-G - Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency - Institute of Space and Astronautical Science VSOP-2 Project - National Astronomical Observatory of Japan Satellites of Japan Cancelled spacecraft Radio telescopes Space telescopes	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Astro-G
Higuera de Zaragoza () is a city in the municipality of Ahome in the northwestern part of the state of Sinaloa, Mexico. It lies at latitude 25° 59' N, longitude 109° 20' W at an elevation of 9 meters above sea level. It is located on the Gulf of California between Agiabampo and Topolobampo, near Las Grullas. The community had a 2005 census population of 8,976 inhabitants and is the third-largest town in the municipality, after Los Mochis and Ahome. The city is the birthplace of Major League baseball pitcher Dennys Reyes. Geography Climate References Link to tables of population data from Census of 2005 INEGI: Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática External links Municipio de Ahome Official website of Municipality of Ahome Populated places in Sinaloa	https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Higuera%20de%20Zaragoza

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