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step
int64
0
2k
time
float64
0
20
max_vorticity
float64
0.16
2
enstrophy
float64
0.1
39.5
bkm_cumulative
float64
0
12.8
0
0
2
39.478418
0
21
0.21
1.999129
38.801028
0.419915
42
0.42
1.998056
36.928869
0.83963
63
0.63
1.996502
34.111272
1.259078
84
0.84
1.994001
30.683747
1.678115
105
1.05
1.989718
26.989715
2.096469
126
1.26
1.982153
23.319768
2.513629
147
1.47
1.968764
19.881332
2.928673
168
1.68
1.945759
16.79622
3.340019
189
1.89
1.908679
14.115511
3.745203
210
2.1
1.854158
11.840655
4.140892
231
2.31
1.781968
9.943106
4.523335
252
2.52
1.695543
8.379078
4.889109
273
2.73
1.600534
7.099378
5.235769
294
2.94
1.502728
6.055627
5.562105
315
3.15
1.406697
5.203932
5.868012
336
3.36
1.315413
4.506643
6.15419
357
3.57
1.230461
3.932699
6.421813
378
3.78
1.152439
3.457131
6.672285
399
3.99
1.081327
3.060175
6.907068
420
4.2
1.016769
2.726312
7.127581
441
4.41
0.95824
2.443385
7.335149
462
4.62
0.905167
2.201858
7.530982
483
4.83
0.856976
1.994226
7.716167
504
5.04
0.813132
1.814546
7.891676
525
5.25
0.773147
1.658085
8.058372
546
5.46
0.736589
1.521048
8.217021
567
5.67
0.703072
1.400371
8.368303
588
5.88
0.672261
1.293562
8.512822
609
6.09
0.643861
1.19858
8.651117
630
6.3
0.617615
1.113743
8.783668
651
6.51
0.593298
1.037656
8.910904
672
6.72
0.570715
0.969154
9.033209
693
6.93
0.549693
0.90726
9.150931
714
7.14
0.530081
0.851148
9.264382
735
7.35
0.511746
0.800117
9.373845
756
7.56
0.494571
0.753571
9.479574
777
7.77
0.478451
0.710995
9.581805
798
7.98
0.463295
0.67195
9.680748
819
8.19
0.44902
0.636054
9.776597
840
8.4
0.435553
0.602976
9.869531
861
8.61
0.422829
0.572427
9.959712
882
8.82
0.410789
0.544154
10.047291
903
9.03
0.39938
0.517936
10.132405
924
9.24
0.388556
0.493578
10.215183
945
9.45
0.378271
0.470906
10.295742
966
9.66
0.368489
0.449769
10.374192
987
9.87
0.359174
0.430029
10.450636
1,008
10.08
0.350292
0.411567
10.525167
1,029
10.29
0.341816
0.394273
10.597874
1,050
10.5
0.333719
0.37805
10.668839
1,071
10.71
0.325976
0.362813
10.73814
1,092
10.92
0.318564
0.348481
10.805848
1,113
11.13
0.311463
0.334985
10.872031
1,134
11.34
0.304655
0.32226
10.936752
1,155
11.55
0.298121
0.310249
11.000072
1,176
11.76
0.291846
0.298899
11.062045
1,197
11.97
0.285815
0.288162
11.122726
1,218
12.18
0.280015
0.277995
11.182163
1,239
12.39
0.274431
0.268358
11.240404
1,260
12.6
0.269053
0.259214
11.297493
1,281
12.81
0.26387
0.250531
11.353473
1,302
13.02
0.258871
0.242278
11.408383
1,323
13.23
0.254047
0.234426
11.46226
1,344
13.44
0.249389
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11.515142
1,365
13.65
0.244889
0.219828
11.567061
1,386
13.86
0.240539
0.213036
11.61805
1,407
14.07
0.236331
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11.66814
1,428
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0.232259
0.200363
11.71736
1,449
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1,470
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1,491
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0.220797
0.183376
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1,512
15.12
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0.210351
0.168462
11.995887
1,575
15.75
0.207072
0.163893
12.039731
1,596
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1,617
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0.136546
12.328658
1,743
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0.18393
0.133205
12.367571
1,764
17.64
0.181375
0.129985
12.40594
1,785
17.85
0.178885
0.126881
12.443778
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0.123886
12.4811
1,827
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0.174091
0.120996
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18.48
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0.118206
12.554246
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18.69
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12.590095
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1,911
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12.660401
1,932
19.32
0.163098
0.107957
12.694881
1,953
19.53
0.161053
0.105602
12.728926
1,974
19.74
0.159056
0.103324
12.762547
1,995
19.95
0.157104
0.101119
12.795752
2,000
20
0.156646
0.100604
12.803598

2D Navier–Stokes BKM Diagnostic

Pseudospectral vorticity-form Navier–Stokes on a periodic torus [0,2π)2[0,2\pi)^2, with the Beale–Kato–Majda (BKM) diagnostic

0Tω(,t)Ldt \int_0^T \lVert \omega(\cdot,t) \rVert_{L^\infty}\, dt

tracked alongside enstrophy. Computed with a custom CUDA + cuFFT kernel on NVIDIA RTX 5090 (Blackwell, sm_120).

Part of the bigcompute.science CFD conjecture program — GPU infrastructure toward 3D BKM blowup searches. 2D incompressible flow is globally regular; these runs are certifying diagnostics, not blowup evidence.

Quick Start

from datasets import load_dataset

tg = load_dataset("cahlen/cfd-ns-bkm", "smoke_taylor_green", split="train")
rand = load_dataset("cahlen/cfd-ns-bkm", "standard_random", split="train")
print(tg[-1])  # final Taylor–Green row

What's In This Dataset

Each row is one logged time step from a pseudospectral DNS run:

Column Type Description
step int Time-step index
time float Physical time tt
max_vorticity float ωL\lVert \omega \rVert_{L^\infty} (max vorticity on the grid)
enstrophy float 12ω2dx\tfrac{1}{2}\int \lVert \omega \rVert^2 \, dx
bkm_cumulative float Running BKM integral 0tωLds\int_0^t \lVert \omega \rVert_{L^\infty}\, ds

Certifying logs are in logs/. Run metadata in metadata.json.

Configurations

Config Grid ν\nu IC Steps Δt\Delta t Final max ωL\lVert \omega \rVert_{L^\infty} Final BKM Throughput
smoke_taylor_green 2562256^2 10310^{-3} Taylor–Green 2000 0.01 0.157 at t=20t=20 12.80 ~1108 steps/s
standard_random 5122512^2 10410^{-4} Random blob 5000 0.005 0.026 at t=25t=25 1.77 ~532 steps/s

Both runs: zero NaN/Inf (exit certificate).

Method (summary)

Vorticity equation:

tω+uω=ν2ω \partial_t \omega + \mathbf{u}\cdot\nabla\omega = \nu \nabla^2 \omega

  • Streamfunction Poisson solve in Fourier space; 2/3 Orszag dealiasing; RK4; fp64
  • Random IC: Gaussian-envelope vorticity blob at (π,π)(\pi,\pi) with SplitMix64 amplitudes

Key Results

  • Taylor–Green: ωL\lVert \omega \rVert_{L^\infty} decays 2.0 → 0.16 by t=20t=20; validates spectral accuracy
  • Random IC at ν=104\nu=10^{-4}: BKM integral ≈ 1.77 over t=25t=25; peak vorticity remains bounded
  • Infrastructure validated for Phase 3 3D extension

Reproduction

git clone https://github.com/cahlen/idontknow.git
cd idontknow
./scripts/experiments/cfd-ns-bkm/run.sh 256 0.001 2000 0.01 taylor-green
./scripts/experiments/cfd-ns-bkm/run.sh 512 0.0001 5000 0.005 random
python3 scripts/experiments/cfd-ns-bkm/upload_hf.py

CUDA kernel: ns2d_bkm.cu

Related

Citation

@misc{humphreys2026cfdnsbkm,
  author = {Humphreys, Cahlen},
  title = {2D Navier–Stokes BKM Diagnostic (GPU Pseudospectral DNS)},
  year = {2026},
  publisher = {Hugging Face},
  howpublished = {\\url{https://huggingface.co/datasets/cahlen/cfd-ns-bkm}}
}

Human–AI collaborative research. Peer-reviewed finding on bigcompute.science. All code and data open for verification.

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