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What stages characterize the development of drupes and what are the main processes taking place in each one?	GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT	[ "non-specific" ]	[ "The double sigmoid growth rate of drupe development as a function of time is characterized by four stages. The first exponential growth stage is characterized by endocarp cell division and expansion. The second phase, where there is practically no increase in fruit size, is characterized by mesocarp lignification,...	doi:10.1093/jxb/erm213	Non-specific	GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT	10.1093/jxb/erm213	2,007	73	2	Journal of Experimental Botany	true
What are the main physiological and biochemical processes occurring during climacteric fruit ripening?	GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT	[ "non-specific" ]	[ "Ripening, which occurs after reaching the fruit maturation stage, is a complex syndrome that transforms the fruit into an edible organ for seed dispersal organisms. Climacteric fruit ripening is characterized by: i) ethylene biosynthesis and respiration increase; ii) loss of flesh firmness and pulp structural chan...	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pbi.2021.102042	Non-specific	GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT	10.1016/j.pbi.2021.102042	2,021	71	0	Current Opinion in Plant Biology	true
What are the differences between peaches and nectarines and what are the genes involved in these differences?	GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT	[ "Prunus persica" ]	[ "The absence of skin pubescence fruit trichomes characterizes nectarines. The development of epidermal hairs on fruit peach skin is controlled by a MYB transcription factor (MYB25). In nectarines, the expression of this gene is impaired by the insertion of a LTR retroelement. This unique mutation discriminates betw...	e90574. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0090574	Woody Perennials & Trees	GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT	10.1371/journal.pone.0090574	2,014	84	0	PLoS ONE	true
What are the main effects of cold stress in plants, and which genes mediate the plant response to low temperature?	ENVIRONMENT - ABIOTIC STRESS	[ "non-specific" ]	[ "Cold stress inhibits plant growth and productivity by direct inhibition of enzymatic reactions, decreasing cell membrane fluidity, and altering protein structure, gene expression, and protein biosynthesis. Freezing temperatures (less than 0 °C) induce cell dehydration and membrane disruption, mainly because of ice...	doi.org/10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102226	Non-specific	ENVIRONMENT	10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102226	2,024	24	0	Annual Review of Genetics	true
What are the advantages and disadvantages of cold storage of fleshy fruits after harvest, and which postharvest treatments prevent cold damage?	ENVIRONMENT - ABIOTIC STRESS	[ "non-specific" ]	[ "Postharvest cold storage of fleshy fruits is essential for commercialization because it delays ripening, softening, and decay. However, cold storage also induces fruit damage, including symptoms such as surface pitting or discoloration or internal disorders such as browning or mealiness. Besides, cold storage prod...	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fochx.2023.101080	Non-specific	ENVIRONMENT	10.1016/j.fochx.2023.101080	2,024	8	0	Food Chemistry: X	true
Which lipid-derived second messengers are produced during the recognition of pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs)?	PHYSIOLOGY AND METABOLISM	[ "non-specific" ]	[ "Nitric Oxide", "AMPc", "Phosphatidic acid" ]	https://doi.org/10.1016/S1369-5266(02)00268-6	Non-specific	PHYSIOLOGY AND METABOLISM	10.1016/S1369-5266(02)00268-6	2,002	202	2	Current Opinion in Plant Biology	true
Which of the following is a lipid-derived signaling molecule involved in plant defense?	ENVIRONMENT - BIOTIC STRESS	[ "non-specific" ]	[ "Abscisic acid", "Salicylic acid", "Jasmonic acid" ]	https://doi.org/10.1016/S1369-5266(02)00268-6	Non-specific	ENVIRONMENT	10.1016/S1369-5266(02)00268-6	2,002	202	2	Current Opinion in Plant Biology	true
The phospholipase C and diacylglycerol kinase pathway produces phosphatidic acid during PAMP perception. Phosphatidic acid has been shown to participate in ROS production by regulating the activity of:	ENVIRONMENT - BIOTIC STRESS	[ "non-specific" ]	[ "Phospholipase D", "NADPH oxidase", "MAPK" ]	10.1016/j.cell.2023.12.030	Non-specific	ENVIRONMENT	10.1016/j.cell.2023.12.030	2,024	39	1	Cell	true
Which of the following enzymes is involved in the jasmonic acid biosynthesis pathway?	ENVIRONMENT - BIOTIC STRESS	[ "non-specific" ]	[ "Phospholipase A2", "Phospholipase C", "Phospholipase D" ]	https://doi.org/10.1016/S1369-5266(02)00268-6	Non-specific	ENVIRONMENT	10.1016/S1369-5266(02)00268-6	2,002	202	0	Current Opinion in Plant Biology	true
Which of the following processes is NOT directly linked to lipid biosynthesis in plants?	PHYSIOLOGY AND METABOLISM	[ "non-specific" ]	[ "Cuticle formation", "Cellulose biosynthesis", "Jasmonate signaling" ]	non-specific	Non-specific	PHYSIOLOGY AND METABOLISM	null	null	null	1	null	true
What structural features make mRNAs more susceptible to translational regulation during rhizobial infection in Medicago truncatula?	GENE REGULATION - TRANSLATION	[ "Medicago truncatula" ]	[ "Translationally regulated mRNAs exhibit no distinct structural features, relying entirely on transcriptional control.", "mRNAs with shorter coding sequences and UTRs are more susceptible to translational regulation.", "mRNAs with elongated coding sequences and unstructured UTRs are preferentially translated du...	doi: 10.1105/tpc.19.00647	Model Organisms	GENE REGULATION	10.1105/tpc.19.00647	2,019	31	1	The Plant Cell	true
How does the ALT TAS3 transcript affect the miR390/TAS3 pathway during rhizobial infection in Medicago truncatula?	GENE REGULATION - TRANSLATION	[ "Medicago truncatula" ]	[ "ALT TAS3 functions as an endogenous target mimic, sequestering miR390 and reducing tasiARF production, thereby modulating nodule formation.", "ALT TAS3 degrades miR390, increasing tasiARF levels and repressing auxin-related pathways critical for nodule formation.", "ALT TAS3 enhances tasiARF production by incr...	doi: 10.1105/tpc.19.00647	Model Organisms	GENE REGULATION	10.1105/tpc.19.00647	2,019	31	0	The Plant Cell	true
How does Superkiller3 influence nodule morphology in Medicago truncatula?	GENE REGULATION - PTGS	[ "Medicago truncatula" ]	[ "Superkiller3 promotes the formation of oversized nodules with excessive bacterial growth.", "Superkiller3 prevents nodule formation, prioritizing root growth over symbiotic interactions.", "Superkiller3 ensures the formation of properly structured and functional nodules by regulating mRNA decay pathways durin...	doi: 10.1105/tpc.19.00647	Model Organisms	GENE REGULATION	10.1105/tpc.19.00647	2,019	31	2	The Plant Cell	true
What advantage does TRAP-SEQ offer when studying cell-type-specific translation?	GENE REGULATION - TRANSLATION	[ "non-specific" ]	[ "It measures protein abundance directly rather than RNA translation.", "It provides a global overview of transcriptional changes across the entire organism.", "It enables the analysis of ribosome-associated RNAs in specific cell types by expressing a tagged ribosomal protein in targeted tissues." ]	doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0712-1_26	Non-specific	GENE REGULATION	10.1007/978-1-0716-0712-1_26	2,020	3	2	Methods in Molecular Biology	true
How does TRAP-SEQ differ from traditional RNA extraction methods?	GENE REGULATION - TRANSLATION	[ "non-specific" ]	[ "TRAP-SEQ specifically isolates RNAs associated with actively translating ribosomes, avoiding contamination from other ribonucleoprotein complexes.", "TRAP-SEQ isolates all cellular RNAs indiscriminately, including those not involved in translation", "TRAP-SEQ purifies only small RNAs such as miRNAs and siRNAs....	doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0712-1_26	Non-specific	GENE REGULATION	10.1007/978-1-0716-0712-1_26	2,020	3	0	Methods in Molecular Biology	true
Angiosperms have multiple phytochrome photoreceptors (phyA, phyB, ...). Do their functions differ during seedling de-etiolation?	ENVIRONMENT - LIGHT AND TEMPERATURE	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana", "Solanum lycopersicum" ]	[ "phyA and phyB equally contribute to de-etiolation in response to far-red light. They have additive effects.", "phyB is the only phytochrome that significantly contributes to seedling de-etiolation", "phyA is the primary phytochrome triggering de-etiolation in response to far-red light, while phyB is the primar...	https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erp304	Model Organisms	ENVIRONMENT	10.1093/jxb/erp304	2,009	635	2	Journal of Experimental Botany	true
Where is the major site of action of phytochromes in angiosperms?	ENVIRONMENT - LIGHT AND TEMPERATURE	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana", "Marchantia polymorpha" ]	[ "Phytochromes primarily act in the cytosol upon light excitation", "Light activated phytochromes act at the cell surface", "The primary site of action of light activated phyA and phyB is in the nucleus" ]	DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2008.08.007	Model Organisms	ENVIRONMENT	10.1016/j.tplants.2008.08.007	2,008	84	2	Trends in Plant Science	true
Which of the following events is a key for subsequent signalling following cryptochrome light activation?	ENVIRONMENT - LIGHT AND TEMPERATURE	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "Cryptochromes dimerise or multimerise following light activation", "Cryptochromes translocate from the cytosol to the nucleus", "Light excitation elicits monomerisation of cryptochromes" ]	DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2011.09.002	Model Organisms	ENVIRONMENT	10.1016/j.tplants.2011.09.002	2,011	250	0	Trends in Plant Science	true
What is the primary event following light activation of the UVR8 UV-B photoreceptor?	ENVIRONMENT - LIGHT AND TEMPERATURE	[ "non-specific" ]	[ "UV-B photo-excitation dimerizes UVR8", "UV-B photo-excitation monomerizes UVR8", "UV-B photo-excitation activates an enzymatic activity of UVR8" ]	DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-050718-095946	Non-specific	ENVIRONMENT	10.1146/annurev-arplant-050718-095946	2,021	108	1	Annual Review of Plant Biology	true
How do plant phototropins initiate light signalling cascades?	ENVIRONMENT - LIGHT AND TEMPERATURE	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "light activated phototropins interact with transcription factors from the PIF family.", "phototropins are light activated Ser/Thr protein kinases", "phototropins translocate from the cytosol to the nucleus where they initiate signaling" ]	DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2015.03.020	Model Organisms	ENVIRONMENT	10.1016/j.cub.2015.03.020	2,015	133	1	Current Biology	true
What is the impact of 1 μM bioactive gibberellin (GA) application on epidermal infection by symbiotic rhizobia in Medicago truncatula?	HORMONES	[ "Medicago truncatula" ]	[ "Application of 1 μM bioactive GA increases epidermal infection by symbiotic rhizobia in Medicago truncatula", "Application of 1µM bioactive GA reduces epidermal infection by symbiotic rhizobia in Medicago truncatula", "Application of 1 μM bioactive GA has no impact on epidermal infection by symbiotic rhizobia ...	https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12636 and https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12433	Model Organisms	HORMONES	10.1038/ncomms12433	2,016	192	1	Nature Communications	true
In Medicago truncatula, GA suppression of infection involves the degradation of which proteins acting in the GA signaling pathway?	HORMONES	[ "Medicago truncatula" ]	[ "In Medicago truncatula, GA suppression of infection involves the degradation of DELLA proteins", "In Medicago truncatula, GA suppression of infection involves the degradation of GID proteins", "In Medicago truncatula, GA suppression of infection involves the degradation of PIF proteins" ]	https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12636 and https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12433	Model Organisms	HORMONES	10.1038/ncomms12433	2,016	192	0	Nature Communications	true
In Medicago truncatula, the promoter of which gene encoding an important transcription factor regulating the progression of the infection thread is directly bound by GFP-della1-Delta18 protein?	HORMONES	[ "Medicago truncatula" ]	[ "In Medicago truncatula, GFP-della1-Delta18 directly binds to NF-YA1 promoter", "In Medicago truncatula, GFP-della1-Delta18 directly binds to ENOD11 promoter ", "In Medicago truncatula, GFP-della1-Delta18 directly binds to ERN1 promoter" ]	https://doi.org/10.1038/ncomms12636	Model Organisms	HORMONES	10.1038/ncomms12636	2,016	111	2	Nature Communications	true
In Lotus japonicus, what is the impact of 1 μM bioactive gibberellin (GA) application on root hair deformation in response to Nod Factors (NF)?	HORMONES	[ "Lotus japonicus" ]	[ "In Lotus japonicus, with 1 μM bioactive GA treatment, root hair deformation is increased compared with Nod Factors alone", "In Lotus japonicus, with 1 μM bioactive GA treatment, root hair deformation is completely abolished, even though Nod Factors were present", "In Lotus japonicus, with 1 μM bioactive GA tre...	https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-313X.2008.03774.x	Model Organisms	HORMONES	10.1111/j.1365-313X.2008.03774.x	2,009	143	1	The Plant Journal	true
What is the infection thread formation phenotype of DELLA-deficient pea la cry-s double mutants compared with wild-type?	HORMONES	[ "Pisum sativum" ]	[ "Infection thread formation was significantly reduced in DELLA-deficient pea la cry-s double mutants compared with wild-type plants", "Infection thread formation was similar in DELLA-deficient pea la cry-s double mutants compared with wild-type plants", "Infection thread formation was significantly increased in...	https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/ery046	Legumes	HORMONES	10.1093/jxb/ery046	2,018	61	0	Journal of Experimental Botany	true
Which gene is the master regulator of heat stress response in tomato, how is it maintained inactive under control conditions, and to which cis-elements does it bind during heat stress?	ENVIRONMENT - ABIOTIC STRESS	[ "Solanum lycopersicum" ]	[ "In tomato, the master regulator of heat stress response is HSFA1a. Under control conditions it is maintained inactive through interactions with HSP70 and HSP90 proteins. In response to heat stress, HSFA1a is released from HSP70 and HSP90, makes homo-oligomeric complexes which translocate to the nucleus. In the nuc...	10.1105/tpc.110.076018	Solanaceae & Relatives	ENVIRONMENT	10.1105/tpc.110.076018	2,011	289	0	The Plant Cell	true
Which ethylene-related factors are involved in the induction of HSFA2 in Arabidopsis thaliana and how does this mechanism affect thermotolerance	ENVIRONMENT - ABIOTIC STRESS	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "In Arabidopsis thaliana, the induction of HSFA2 in response to ethylene signalling involves the transcription factors ERF95 and ERF97, which are regulated by the ethylene response master regulator ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 3 (EIN3). This mechanism plays a critical role in enhancing thermotolerance", "In Arabidopsis t...	10.1093/plcell/koaa026	Model Organisms	ENVIRONMENT	10.1093/plcell/koaa026	2,020	110	0	The Plant Cell	true
How does alternative splicing of the second intron of tomato HSFA2 affect the function, localization, and stability of its protein isoforms during heat stress, and what role do these isoforms play in acquired thermotolerance?	ENVIRONMENT - ABIOTIC STRESS	[ "Solanum lycopersicum" ]	[ "Alternative splicing in the second intron of tomato HSFA2 results in two protein isoforms, HSFA2-I and HSFA2-II, with distinct roles in the heat stress response. HSFA2-II lacks a nuclear export signal (NES), resulting in strong nuclear retention. It is transcriptionally active but rapidly degraded in the nucleus b...	10.1111/nph.16221	Solanaceae & Relatives	ENVIRONMENT	10.1111/nph.16221	2,019	61	0	New Phytologist	true
How does HSFA2 regulate thermomemory in Arabidopsis thaliana, which HSF does it interact with, what histone modification is associated with this process, and which memory genes are regulated by this mechanism?	ENVIRONMENT - ABIOTIC STRESS	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "HSFA2 in Arabidopsis thaliana is a central factor for thermomemory. It interacts with HSFA3, and the HSFA2/HSFA3 complexes bind to the promoters of memory genes, triggering histone 3 lysine 9 (H3K9) acetylation, a modification that is associated with the genes the sustained expression of memory genes during recove...	10.1038/s41467-021-23786-6	Model Organisms	ENVIRONMENT	10.1038/s41467-021-23786-6	2,021	155	2	Nature Communications	true
Which are the two core transcription factors regulating the unfolded protein response (UPR) in Arabidopsis thaliana, and what are the key activation mechanisms for each transcription factor?	ENVIRONMENT - ABIOTIC STRESS	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "bZIP60 and bZIP28 regulate the unfolded protein response (UPR) in Arabidopsis thaliana. Upon ER stress, bZIP60 mRNA is spliced by IRE1, producing an active form that translocates to the nucleus to activate UPR genes. bZIP28, an ER membrane-bound protein, is cleaved by S1P and S2P proteases in Golgi, releasing its ...	10.1111/pce.14063	Model Organisms	ENVIRONMENT	10.1111/pce.14063	2,021	31	0	Plant, Cell & Environment	true
What is the gene identified as key molecular player in the jasmonate insensitivity induced by far-red light?	HORMONES	[ "non-specific" ]	[ "ERF11 and MYC2", "All JAZ genes", "JAZ10" ]	https://www.pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.0900701106	Non-specific	HORMONES	10.1073/pnas.0900701106	2,009	233	2	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences	true
What are the physiological mechanisms behind the ability of Arabidopsis thaliana to promote growth and repress the induction of defenses under light signals of competition?	HORMONES	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "Jasmonate desensitization of plant tissues mediated by upregulation of JAZ proteins and the inactivation of the bioactive JA-Ile through sulfotransferases.", "Jasmonate inactivation through degradation.", "Jasmonate synthesis is suppressed." ]	https://www.pnas.org/doi/full/10.1073/pnas.0900701106	Model Organisms	HORMONES	10.1073/pnas.0900701106	2,009	233	0	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences	true
What is the ligand of the MpCOI1 of the jasmonate phytohormone in Marchantia polymorpha?	HORMONES	[ "Marchantia polymorpha" ]	[ "JA-Ile", "(+)-7-iso-JA-Ile (JA-Ile)", "dinor-OPDA" ]	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41589-018-0033-4	Model Organisms	HORMONES	10.1038/s41589-018-0033-4	2,018	192	2	Nature Chemical Biology	true
What is the gene identified as molecular switch inducing jasmonate insensitivity upong signals of competition?	HORMONES	[ "non-specific" ]	[ "PIF (Phytochrome Interacting Factors)", "Phytochrome B", "sulfotransferase (ST2a) " ]	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-020-0604-8	Non-specific	HORMONES	10.1038/s41477-020-0604-8	2,020	109	2	Nature Plants	true
What is the chemical origin for the bioactive jasmonic acid in Marchantia polymorpha?	HORMONES	[ "Marchantia polymorpha" ]	[ "C20 and C22", "C18, C16, C20 and C22", "C18 and C16" ]	https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2202930119?url_ver=Z39.88-2003&rfr_id=ori:rid:crossref.org&rfr_dat=cr_pub%20%200pubmed	Model Organisms	HORMONES	10.1073/pnas.2202930119	2,022	31	1	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences	true
What is the role of CRISPR-based systems in epigenetic regulation, and what strategies have been used to achieve transcriptional regulation in plants?	PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY	[ "non-specific" ]	[ "The CRISPR/dCas9 system can only function to silence or repress gene expression, and any efforts to activate genes through CRISPR are inherently limited by the inability of dCas9 to recruit the necessary transcriptional activators. This makes it impractical for applications that require the upregulation of specifi...	doi: 10.1007/s11248-021-00252-z.	Non-specific	PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY	10.1007/s11248-021-00252-z	2,021	14	1	Transgenic Research	true
What was the physiological impact of using the dCas9-Suntag-DRM2 strategy on Arabidopsis thaliana, targeting genes involved in flowering time (FWA)?	PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "The dCas9-Suntag-DRM2 strategy induced DNA methylation at the FWA gene promoter, leading to early flowering in Arabidopsis. This epigenetic modification was stable and passed on to the next generation, resulting in a consistent early flowering phenotype.", "The dCas9-Suntag-DRM2 strategy delayed flowering in Ara...	doi: 10.1007/s11248-021-00252-z.	Model Organisms	PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY	10.1007/s11248-021-00252-z	2,021	14	0	Transgenic Research	true
What was the physiological impact of using the dCas9-Suntag-TET1 strategy on Arabidopsis thaliana, targeting genes involved in flowering time (FWA) and what epigenetic modification was responsible for this effect?	PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "The dCas9-Suntag-TET1 strategy caused early flowering in Arabidopsis by increasing DNA methylation at the FWA gene promoter.", "The dCas9-Suntag-TET1 strategy induced specific DNA demethylation of the FWA gene promoter, which led to late flowering phenotypes in Arabidopsis. The demethylation was responsible for ...	doi: 10.1007/s11248-021-00252-z.	Model Organisms	PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY	10.1007/s11248-021-00252-z	2,021	14	1	Transgenic Research	true
What role do Jasmonates (JAs) play in plant stress response and how are they involved in regulating specialized metabolites?	HORMONES	[ "non-specific" ]	[ "Jasmonates are primarily involved in regulating primary metabolic processes such as carbon assimilation and nitrogen fixation, and do not significantly influence specialized metabolism or plant defense mechanisms. They are mostly limited to controlling plant growth and reproductive processes, with minimal involvem...	doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102197	Non-specific	HORMONES	10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102197	2,022	72	1	Current Opinion in Plant Biology	true
How does the interaction between Jasmonate signaling and light signaling pathways contribute to plant development, particularly in terms of photosynthesis and growth?	HORMONES	[ "non-specific" ]	[ "While Jasmonate signaling does play a role in defense responses, it actually represses light signaling to inhibit photosynthesis under high light conditions. This prevents the plant from engaging in efficient carbon fixation and growth, particularly under stress, by directly limiting the activation of light-depend...	doi: 10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102197	Non-specific	HORMONES	10.1016/j.pbi.2022.102197	2,022	72	2	Current Opinion in Plant Biology	true
What is the role of the transcription factor FaRIF in the regulation of strawberry fruit ripening?	GENE REGULATION - TRANSCRIPTION	[ "Fragaria ananassa" ]	[ "FaRIF negatively regulates strawberry fruit ripening, repressing different processes such as anthocyanin and sugar biosynthesis, cell wall degradation, ABA biosynthesis and signaling, and aerobic/anaerobic metabolism", "FaRIF positively regulates strawberry fruit ripening promoting different processes such as an...	doi:10.1093/plcell/koab070	Woody Perennials & Trees	GENE REGULATION	10.1093/plcell/koab070	2,021	138	1	The Plant Cell	true
What is the role of the MADS-box transcription factor FaTM6 in strawberry development?	GENE REGULATION - TRANSCRIPTION	[ "Fragaria ananassa" ]	[ "FaTM6 plays a key role in the final stages of strawberry fruit ripening", "FaTM6 contributes positively to the formation of the strawberry gynoecium and the promotion of fruit set", "FaTM6 promotes strawberry anther and flower development" ]	doi:10.1093/jxb/ery400	Woody Perennials & Trees	GENE REGULATION	10.1093/jxb/ery400	2,018	87	2	Journal of Experimental Botany	true
During the early stages of strawberry fruit development, auxin and gibberellic acid (GA) drive fruit growth. What mechanisms delay the onset of ripening in this stage?	GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT	[ "Fragaria ananassa" ]	[ "At the early stages of fruit development, auxin and GA induce the expression of FvCYP7070A4a, which is involved in the abscisic acid catabolism and maintains its endogenous content at a minimum", "At the early stages of fruit development, ethylene biosynthesis is tightly suppressed by the antagonistic regulation...	doi/10.1073/pnas.1812575115	Woody Perennials & Trees	GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT	10.1073/pnas.1812575115	2,018	170	0	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences	true
The transcription factor FvMYB117a in the diploid species Fragaria vesca exhibits high expression in the shoot apical meristem. What specific role does it play in the plant growth and development of strawberry plants?	HORMONES	[ "Fragaria ananassa" ]	[ "FvMYB117a binds to the promoters of FvIPT2 (isopentenyl-transferase) and FvCKX1 (cytokinin oxidase), negatively regulates their expression and acts as a repressor of crown outgrowth inhibiting cytokinin accumulation. ", "FvMYB117a binds to the promoters of FvIPT2 (isopentenyl-transferase) and FvCKX1 (cytokinin o...	doi.org/10.1093/plcell/koae097	Woody Perennials & Trees	HORMONES	10.1093/plcell/koae097	2,024	3	0	The Plant Cell	true
The transcription factor BARE RECEPTACLE (FvBRE) in the diploid species Fragaria vesca shows high expression in the floral meristem and floral organ primordia. What is its specific role in regulating the growth and development process in strawberry plants?	GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT	[ "Fragaria ananassa" ]	[ "FvBRE is essential for carpel initiation in strawberry and functions through the regulation of the auxin signaling pathway ", "FvBRE is essential for carpel initiation in strawberry and functions through the regulation of the cytokinin signaling pathway", "FvBRE is essential for leaf formation in strawberry an...	doi.org/10.1093/plcell/koae270	Woody Perennials & Trees	GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT	10.1093/plcell/koae270	2,024	2	0	The Plant Cell	true
What is the subcellular localization of Arabidopsis thaliana P5CS1 and is its localization changed by drought or salt stress?	ENVIRONMENT - ABIOTIC STRESS	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "P5CS1 is localized in mitochondria. During stress it plays a key role in determining whether mitochondria will specialize in ATP production or synthetic reactions. In response to stress, P5CS1 remains in the mitochondria but forms long filaments which, along with reduced cristae structure, are a hallmark of mito...	https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.14861	Model Organisms	ENVIRONMENT	10.1111/pce.14861	2,024	4	2	Plant, Cell & Environment	true
What cellular functions of NPH3-domain proteins are important for drought resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana?	CELL BIOLOGY AND CELL SIGNALING	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "The NPH3-domain proteins mediate protein ubiquitination by acting as adaptors to mediate ubiquitination of target proteins by Cullin3-containing E3 ligase complexes. This results in degradation of regulatory proteins involved in drought resistance.", "NPH3-domain proteins interact with and control polar localiz...	DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.ado5429	Model Organisms	CELL BIOLOGY AND CELL SIGNALING	10.1126/sciadv.ado5429	2,024	0	2	Science Advances	true
Which type 2C protein phosphatases control growth and osmotic adjustment during drought stress in Arabidopsis thaliana?	ENVIRONMENT - ABIOTIC STRESS	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "The EGR type 2C protein phosphatases act as negative regulators to restrict growth during moderate severity drought stress by controlling phosphorylation of the growth-regulatory protein MASP1. The HAI1 type 2C protein phosphatase restricts growth and hai1 mutants have increased growth maintenance along with grea...	https://doi.org/10.1111/pce.13616	Model Organisms	ENVIRONMENT	10.1111/pce.13616	2,019	51	0	Plant, Cell & Environment	true
Why do EGR protein phosphatases have a strong effect on growth during drought stress in Arabidopsis thaliana?	GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "EGR protein phosphatases have a strong effect on growth during drought and salt stress in Arabidopsis thaliana because they control phosphorylation of SnRK2 kinases and increase sensitivity to Abscisic Acid (ABA). When EGR control of SnRK2 phosphorylation is released, such as in the egr1-1egr2-1 mutant, Arabidops...	https://doi.org/10.1093/plcell/koab290	Model Organisms	GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT	10.1093/plcell/koab290	2,021	12	1	The Plant Cell	true
How does AHK1 act as a drought sensor in Arabidopsis thaliana?	ENVIRONMENT - ABIOTIC STRESS	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "Some studies have proposed AHK1 to be a drought sensor in Arabidopsis based increased stomatal density of ahk1 mutants which make them unable to control water loss. Other studies have questioned this interpretation based on based the ability of AHK1 to complement yeast sln1sho1 osmo-sensitive mutants and suggest ...	https://doi.org/10.1104/pp.112.209791	Model Organisms	ENVIRONMENT	10.1104/pp.112.209791	2,012	87	2	Plant Physiology	true
Through what mechanisms regulates TFIIS the plant stress adaptation?	GENE REGULATION - TRANSCRIPTION	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana", "Hordeum vulgare" ]	[ "TFIIS is an elongation cofactor of RNAPII. Althought seems unnecessary under ambient conditions, its presence becomes vital under sub-lethal elevated temperatures in both Arabidopsis thaliana and Hordeum vulgare. Upon heat stress TFIIS is transcriptionally induced and positively autoregulated; TFIIS physically bin...	10.1093/nar/gkac020; 10.1007/s00299-024-03345-1	Model Organisms	GENE REGULATION	10.1007/s00299-024-03345-1	2,024	0	0	Plant Cell Reports	true
How is NDX regulating chromatin structure in Arabidopsis?	GENE REGULATION - EPIGENETICS AND TGS	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "NDX is a nuclear protein primarily bound to pericentromeric heterochromatin. Inactivation of NDX leads to differential heterochromatic siRNA accumulation, CHH and CHG hypomethylation, and high order chromatin changes with decreased intra-chromosomal interactions at pericentromeric regions and increased interaction...	10.1038/s41467-022-32709-y	Model Organisms	GENE REGULATION	10.1038/s41467-022-32709-y	2,022	7	0	Nature Communications	true
What is the role of Non-stop decay (NSD) in plants?	GENE REGULATION - POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana", "Nicotiana benthamiana" ]	[ "Nonstop decay (NSD) is a cotranscriptional mRNA quality control pathway. Pelota, Hbs1 and Ski2 are trans factors of NSD in plants. Plant NSD efficiently stabilizes mRNAs lacking the STOP codons originated from premature polyadenylation. NSD cooperates with RNA silencing and with nonsense mediated decay pathway (NM...	10.1093/nar/gky279	Model Organisms	GENE REGULATION	10.1093/nar/gky279	2,018	52	1	Nucleic Acids Research	true
What is the in vivo impact of CymRSV p19 viral silencing suppressor protein on host?	ENVIRONMENT - BIOTIC STRESS	[ "Nicotiana benthamiana" ]	[ "Tombusviral CymRSV p19 suppressor interfers with RNA decay in vivo to suppress host salt stress adaptation. P19 sequesters viral RNAs to stabilize them during translation. P19 preferentially binds perfectly paired single stranded viral hairpins upon natural virus infection, but does not bind efficiently endogenous...	10.1371/journal.ppat.1005935	Solanaceae & Relatives	ENVIRONMENT	10.1371/journal.ppat.1005935	2,016	65	1	PLOS Pathogens	true
What is the role of miR824/AGL16 module in Arabidopsis?	ENVIRONMENT - ABIOTIC STRESS	[ "non-specific" ]	[ "AGAMOUS-LIKE 16 (AGL16) is a SMAD-box transcription factor that positively regulates transition to flowering through Locus T Flowering (LTF) pathway. AGL16 itself is negatively regulated by microRNA824 (miR824). During recurring high temperatures miR824 gradually decreases due to both transcriptional repression an...	10.3389/fpls.2019.01454	Non-specific	ENVIRONMENT	10.3389/fpls.2019.01454	2,019	35	1	Frontiers in Plant Science	true
In tomato, rin mutant lines exhibit a failure to ripen, characterized by the absence of color development and the lack of an ethylene burst. What is the established role of this transcription factor in regulating the ripening process in tomatoes?	GENE REGULATION - TRANSCRIPTION	[ "Solanum lycopersicum" ]	[ "A CRISPR/Cas9 mediated RIN-knockout mutation revealed that fruit ripening is not repressed in the absence of RIN, indicating that RIN is not strictly required to initiate the ripening process ", "An overexpression of RIN revealed that fruit ripening is repressed when the transcripts of RIN are increased, indicat...	doi.org/10.1038/s41477-017-0041-5	Solanaceae & Relatives	GENE REGULATION	10.1038/s41477-017-0041-5	2,017	198	0	Nature Plants	true
Is the transcription factor FvRIF post-translationally modified to perform its role in regulating strawberry fruit ripening?	GENE REGULATION - POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS	[ "Fragaria ananassa" ]	[ "FvRIF interacts with and acts as a substrate for MAP kinase 3 (FvMAPK3). FvMAPK6 phosphorylates FvRIF at Thr-310, repressing the transcriptional activity of FvRIF. Thus, transient expression of a mutant version of FvRIF, in which Threonine-310 was substituted with Alanine, in Fvrif mutant fruits complemented their...	doi.org/10.1093/plcell/koad210	Woody Perennials & Trees	GENE REGULATION	10.1093/plcell/koad210	2,023	40	2	The Plant Cell	true
What is the specific role of FaMYB63 transcription factor during strawberry fruit development?	GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT	[ "Fragaria ananassa" ]	[ "FaMYB63, a phylogenetically distinct R2R3-MYB transcription factor compared to others in the same family, such as FaEOBII (Emission of Benzenoid II), which is involved in eugenol biosynthesis, was also found to positively regulate eugenol biosynthesis by directly activating the expression of key genes, including F...	doi.org/10.1093/plphys/kiac014	Woody Perennials & Trees	GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT	10.1093/plphys/kiac014	2,022	30	0	Plant Physiology	true
The RAP (Reduced Anthocyanins in Petioles) gene encodes a glutathione S-transferase (GST) involved in anthocyanin transport and mediates strawberry fruit pigmentation. Has it been described which transcription factor regulates the expression of this gene?	GENE REGULATION - TRANSCRIPTION	[ "Fragaria ananassa" ]	[ "RAP is the most abundantly expressed GST gene in ripening strawberry fruit among the eight genes in the same subfamily. It represses fruit pigmentation by acting upstream of the transcription factor MYB10", "RAP is the least expressed GST gene in ripening strawberry fruit among the eight genes in the same subfam...	doi:10.1093/jxb/ery096	Woody Perennials & Trees	GENE REGULATION	10.1093/jxb/ery096	2,018	148	2	Journal of Experimental Botany	true
What is the role of the transcription factor FveAGL62 in the endosperm of fertilized strawberry seeds	GENE REGULATION - TRANSCRIPTION	[ "Fragaria ananassa" ]	[ "FveAGL62 is required for the repression of auxin synthesis in the endosperm in Fragaria vesca. Several strawberry FveATHB genes were identified as downstream targets of FveAGL62 and act to induce auxin biosynthesis", "FveAGL62 is required for the repression of auxin synthesis in the endosperm in Fragaria vesca. ...	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-022-31656-y	Woody Perennials & Trees	GENE REGULATION	10.1038/s41467-022-31656-y	2,022	56	2	Nature Communications	true
What is the current molecular model that explains inhibition of SnRK1 from Arabidopsis thaliana by trehalose-6-phosphate?	PHYSIOLOGY AND METABOLISM	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "It has been demonstrated that trehalose-6-phosphate inhibits SnRK1 through the SnRK1 activating kinases CDPK1 and CDPK2. Trehalose-6-phosphate binds directly to CDPK1 and CDPK2 at a site different to that of ATP, diminishing the interaction of SnRK1 with CDPK1 and CDPK2, and thereby SnRK1 phosphorylation and activ...	https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.18.00521	Model Organisms	PHYSIOLOGY AND METABOLISM	10.1105/tpc.18.00521	2,018	171	1	The Plant Cell	true
How does trehalose-6-phosphate regulate axillary bud outgrowth in Arabidopsis thaliana?	CELL BIOLOGY AND CELL SIGNALING	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "Trehalose-6-phosphate in the phloem parenchyma and companion cell-sieve element complex in leaf veins inhibit expression of the AtSWEET11/12/13 sucrose efflux carriers, thus enhancing phloem loading of sucrose and increased sucrose supply to axillary buds. High sucrose levels in the buds inhibit local synthesis of...	https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.17006	Model Organisms	CELL BIOLOGY AND CELL SIGNALING	10.1111/nph.17006	2,020	124	1	New Phytologist	true
In which subcellular compartment is ADP-glucose synthesized in Hordeum vulgare endosperm?	PHYSIOLOGY AND METABOLISM	[ "Hordeum vulgare" ]	[ "It is widely accepted that ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase, the enzyme responsible for ADP-glucose synthesis, is located in plastids. The only exception seems to be the cytosolic isoform found in cereal endosperms. It has been shown that both the cytosolic and plastidial isoforms of the small subunit of the ADP-gluc...	https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erl110	Cereal Grains	PHYSIOLOGY AND METABOLISM	10.1093/jxb/erl110	2,006	39	0	Journal of Experimental Botany	true
How does trehalose-6-phosphate coordinate organic and amino acid metabolism with carbon availability in Arabidopsis thaliana?	PHYSIOLOGY AND METABOLISM	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "Low trehalose-6-phosphate levels decrease sucrose levels by stimulating nitrate assimilation and anaplerotic synthesis of organic acids, by activating nitrite reductase and phosphoenolpyrvate carboxykinase, respectively, thus diverting photoassimilates away from sucrose to generate carbon skeletons and fixed nitro...	https://doi.org/10.1111/tpj.13114	Model Organisms	PHYSIOLOGY AND METABOLISM	10.1111/tpj.13114	2,016	165	2	The Plant Journal	true
Which are the sugar transporters involved in sucrose phloem loading in Arabidopsis thaliana leaves?	CELL BIOLOGY AND CELL SIGNALING	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "Sucrose synthesized in mesophyll cells moves into phloem parenchyma cells through plasmodesmata. AtSWEET11 and AtSWEET12 proteins localized on the plasma membrane of phloem parenchyma cells efflux sucrose into the apoplast by a uniport mechanism. Proton/sucrose cotransporters (SUT1/SUC2) import sucrose into compan...	https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1213351	Model Organisms	CELL BIOLOGY AND CELL SIGNALING	10.1126/science.1213351	2,012	1,046	0	Science	true
What TCP transcription factors were identified as paralogs of TB1 in grasses (Poaceae)?	EVOLUTION	[ "non-specific" ]	[ "The phylogenetic tree of TCP transcription factors in grasses indicates that within the TB1 clade, two additional ortholog subclades have emerged, named BAD1 and TB2. Notably, these ortholog subclades are exclusive to the grass family, as BAD1 and TB2 are absent in other monocot species used as outgroups. Moreover...	10.1111/nph.18664	Non-specific	EVOLUTION	10.1111/nph.18664	2,023	3	2	New Phytologist	true
What residue changes within the TCP domain of grass TB1 transcription factors have evolved adaptively after gene duplication having a potential impact on protein activity and function?	EVOLUTION	[ "non-specific" ]	[ "Within the TCP domain of TB1-like sequences, residues 8, 11, 23, 27, and 34 \nlikely evolved adaptively. Considering the amino acid properties, most likely the Asp to Gly mutation at position 23 within the TCP domain is the most radical biochemical change. This suggest that this mutation likely affects the activit...	10.1111/nph.18664	Non-specific	EVOLUTION	10.1111/nph.18664	2,023	3	0	New Phytologist	true
What is the impact of the Gly change at position 23 on the molecular role of TIG1?	EVOLUTION	[ "non-specific" ]	[ "Protein interaction assays and chromatin immunoprecipitation analyses revealed that the Gly residue acquired after gene duplication in the TIG1 subclade affects chromatin binding affinity but not protein homodimerization. The differential capacity to bind the promoters of direct target genes accordingly impacts do...	10.1111/nph.18664	Non-specific	EVOLUTION	10.1111/nph.18664	2,023	3	0	New Phytologist	true
Do the different members of Nuclear Speckle RNA-binding proteins family in Arabidopsis thaliana exert the same conserved function?	EVOLUTION	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana has two members of the Nuclear Speckle RNA-binding protein family, NSRa and NSRb. Double mutants, nsra and nsrb, in Arabidopsis plants do not show any alteration after exogenous salicylic acid treatment. However, plants lacking the NSRa gene exhibit delayed flowering, while plants lacking NSRb...	10.3390/genes11020207	Model Organisms	EVOLUTION	10.3390/genes11020207	2,020	11	2	Genes	true
Does the Gly mutation has an impact on plant development?	EVOLUTION	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "Zea mays plants mutant for the TB1 gene, heterologously transformed with Zea mays TB1, BAD1, or TIG1, showed differential capacities to rescue the exacerbated number of axillary branches in this background. The phenotypic rescue by ZmTB1 demonstrated a strong ability to repress lateral root development, whereas Zm...	10.1111/nph.18664	Model Organisms	EVOLUTION	10.1111/nph.18664	2,023	3	2	New Phytologist	true
When did the Indeterminate Domain subfamily of transcription regulators (IDDs) appear during plant evolution?	EVOLUTION	[ "non-specific" ]	[ "The origin of the Indeterminate Domain subfamily of transcription regulators (IDDs) can be traced back to a duplication event in the C2H2 family during the late evolution of Streptophyta. More specifically this event might have happened in the last common ancestor of the clades Klebsormidiophyceae and Phragmoplast...	https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcaa052	Non-specific	EVOLUTION	10.1093/aob/mcaa052	2,020	15	1	Annals of Botany	true
re the zinc-finger proteins SHOOT GRAVITROPISM 5 (SGR5) and TRANSPARENT TESTA 1(TT1), members of the Indeterminate Domain subfamily in Arabidopsis thaliana?	EVOLUTION	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "SGR5 and TT1 are both members of the A1 subgroup from the Cys2-His2 (C2H2) family of transcription regulators, characterized by the presence of Zinc-finger Domains in which cysteines and/or histidines coordinate a zinc atom to form a peptide structure that is required for their specific functions. However, phyloge...	https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcaa052	Model Organisms	EVOLUTION	10.1093/aob/mcaa052	2,020	15	0	Annals of Botany	true
Are genes associated with the process of photorespiration in plants less expressed in the leaves of C4 versus C3 species?	GENE REGULATION - TRANSCRIPTION	[ "non-specific" ]	[ "Yes. Photorespiration is a process where the enzyme RuBisCO oxygenates RuBP, wasting some of the energy produced by photosynthesis. C4 species have evolved to concentrate CO2 around RUBISCO, minimizing its interaction with O2 and thus reducing photorespiration. Because C4 plants have a reduced need for photorespir...	https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-022-08995-7	Non-specific	GENE REGULATION	10.1186/s12864-022-08995-7	2,023	6	2	BMC Genomics	true
How are the DOF transcription factors involved in the C4 pathway in Sorghum bicolor?	GENE REGULATION - TRANSCRIPTION	[ "Sorghum bicolor" ]	[ "In Sorghum bicolor, DOF transcription factors are preferentially expressed in bundle sheath cells. The evolution of C4 photosynthesis involved the rewiring of existing gene regulatory networks. DOFs, which were already present in C4 ancestors, appear to have been recruited to regulate the expression of C3 genes in...	https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-022-08995-7	Cereal Grains	GENE REGULATION	10.1186/s12864-022-08995-7	2,023	6	1	BMC Genomics	true
Which is the role of HAT7 and GTL1 in brassinosteroid signaling in the roots of Arabidopsis thaliana?	GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "HAT7 and GTL1 are brassinosteroid-responsive transcription factors that regulate cell elongation, especially in the cortex. Brassinosteroid signaling activates BES1 and BZR1 transcription factors, which direct gene regulatory networks to control thousands of genes. BES1 and GTL1 interact and control a common set o...	https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adf4721	Model Organisms	GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT	10.1126/science.adf4721	2,023	72	0	Science	true
What are the primary surface virulence factors of the plant pathogen Xanthomonas spp.?	ENVIRONMENT - BIOTIC STRESS	[ "non-specific" ]	[ "Xanthomonas is a genus of plant pathogenic bacteria responsible for a wide range of economically important diseases in crop plants. To successfully establish and multiply within host plants, these bacteria rely on the contribution of virulence factors including the production of surface structures and secretion of...	https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6976.2009.00192.x	Non-specific	ENVIRONMENT	10.1111/j.1574-6976.2009.00192.x	2,010	423	0	FEMS Microbiology Reviews	true
How are the Sec-delivered effector proteins (SDEs) from Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus involved in the development of citrus Huanglongbing disease?	ENVIRONMENT - BIOTIC STRESS	[ "non-specific" ]	[ "It was demonstrated that Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), a xylem-limited bacteria responsible for citrus HLB disease, secretes SEC-DEPENDENT EFFECTORS (SDEs) into xylem vessels. These effectors are key avirulence factors implicated in the suppression of plant immunity. SDE1, the first identified effector...	https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.797841	Non-specific	ENVIRONMENT	10.3389/fmicb.2021.797841	2,022	15	1	Frontiers in Microbiology	true
What are the proposed roles and mechanisms of action for Snakin/GASA plant antimicrobial peptides?	ENVIRONMENT - BIOTIC STRESS	[ "non-specific" ]	[ "Plant antibacterial peptides are a group of small, oxidative-stable, positively charged monomers with highly specific antimicrobial activity described for gram positive and negative bacteria as well as fungi. These peptides are part of the plant innate immune system and are classified based on their functions, str...	https://doi.org/10.3390/jof6040220	Non-specific	ENVIRONMENT	10.3390/jof6040220	2,020	51	2	Journal of Fungi	true
Which is the biological role of Coronatine toxin in Arabidopsis thaliana pathogenic Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato DC3000?	ENVIRONMENT - BIOTIC STRESS	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "Pseudomonas syringae pv tomato (Pto DC3000) is a plant pathogenic bacterium whose virulence depends on two key factors: the suppression of effector proteins into host cells via the type-III inhibition system (TTIS) and the inhibition of the phytotoxin coronatine (COR). COR is a chlorosis-inhibiting toxin that prom...	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00425-014-2151-x	Model Organisms	ENVIRONMENT	10.1007/s00425-014-2151-x	2,014	114	1	Planta	true
What is the biological function of ELF18-INDUCED LONG-NONCODING RNA1 in the antibacterial defense of Arabidopsis thaliana?	ENVIRONMENT - BIOTIC STRESS	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "The long non-coding RNA ELF18-INDUCED LONG-NONCODING RNA1 (ELENA1) was identified through a lncRNA array analysis designed to screen for PAMP-responsive lncRNAs in Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings treated with the bacterial elicitor Elf18. Among the numerous lncRNAs induced, ELENA1 was characterized as a positive re...	https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.16.00886	Model Organisms	ENVIRONMENT	10.1105/tpc.16.00886	2,017	205	0	The Plant Cell	true
What is the role of the longin domain of Arabidopsis thaliana VAMP721 protein ?	CELL BIOLOGY AND CELL SIGNALING	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "The Longin domain of VAMP721 has a dual role. VAMP721 has an activation mechanism where the R-SNARE domain backfolds into the Longin domain, allowing VAMP721 interaction with its partner SNAREs. On the other side, it is important for VAMP721 recycling and reuse and for its subcellular localization.", "The Longin...	DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16451	Model Organisms	CELL BIOLOGY AND CELL SIGNALING	10.1111/tpj.16451	2,023	2	1	The Plant Journal	true
What is the main molecular function of VAMP721 protein in Arabidopsis thaliana?	CELL BIOLOGY AND CELL SIGNALING	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "VAMP721 forms SNARE complexes with 2 Q-SNAREs and provides the mechanical energy for membrane fusion. VAMP721 acts in the fusion between the Golgi apparatus and the trans-Golgi network. It also acts in the formation of cell plates, and there is evidence of an important role in the fusion of endocytic vesicles with...	10.1371/journal.pone.0026129	Model Organisms	CELL BIOLOGY AND CELL SIGNALING	10.1371/journal.pone.0026129	2,011	86	2	PLoS ONE	true
What is the function of Arabidopsis thaliana VAMP721 phosphorylation and where is it phosphorylated?	CELL BIOLOGY AND CELL SIGNALING	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "VAMP721 can be phosphorylated at residues Y57, S105, and S135 as identified by MS-MS. The only phosphorylated residue studied is the Y57 that forms part of the longin domain. Replacement of Y57 for D leads to a toxic protein that blocks secretion and cell plate formation and induces the formation of large vesicula...	10.1111/tpj.16451	Model Organisms	CELL BIOLOGY AND CELL SIGNALING	10.1111/tpj.16451	2,023	2	0	The Plant Journal	true
How is how is Arabidopsis thaliana VAMP721 endocytosis achieved for its recycling? Compare to the endocytic recycling of human VAMP7.	CELL BIOLOGY AND CELL SIGNALING	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "VAMP721 recycling is achieved by interaction with the ANTH domain-containing proteins PICALM1a and PICALM1b that act redundantly. They bind to the R-SNARE domain of VAMP721 and other VAMP72 proteins but not VAMP71 proteins. PICALM also interacts with clathrin. In contrast, human VAMP7 is recycled through its LONGI...	10.1073/pnas.2011152117	Model Organisms	CELL BIOLOGY AND CELL SIGNALING	10.1073/pnas.2011152117	2,020	23	0	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences	true
What are TRANS-SNARE and CIS-SNARE complexes, and how are they formed in Arabidopsis? What is their role?	CELL BIOLOGY AND CELL SIGNALING	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "SNARE complexes are protein complexes comprised of one R-SNARE and two or three Q-SNARE proteins, with all the SNAREs being membrane-bound. They can have either a TRANS configuration, with the R-SNARE anchored to one membrane and the Q-SNAREs anchored to an opposite membrane. The TRANS complex forms a 4-helix bund...	https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.25327	Model Organisms	CELL BIOLOGY AND CELL SIGNALING	10.7554/eLife.25327	2,017	24	0	eLife	true
Which is the family of immune related proteins whose splicing is affected by SM like PROTEIN 4 (LSM4 ) arginine methylation in Arabidopsis thaliana plants?	GENE REGULATION - POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "Arginine methylation of LSM4 in Arabidopsis regulates the alternative splicing of the Pathogen Related Protein family", "Arginine methylation of LSM4 in Arabidopsis regulates the alternative splicing of the coiled-coil (CC)-NB-LRR proteins", "Arginine methylation of LSM4 in Arabidopsis regulates the alternativ...	https://doi.org/10.1093/plcell/koae051	Model Organisms	GENE REGULATION	10.1093/plcell/koae051	2,024	6	2	The Plant Cell	true
Which Arabidopsis PRMT5 targets are strongly symmetrically dimethylated in their arginines residues in vitro by the addition of nitrosogluthathione (GSNO)?	GENE REGULATION - POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "GSNO enhanced PRMT5 activity and arginine methylation of Arabidopsis histone4 and LSM8 substrates ", "GSNO enhanced PRMT5 activity and arginine methylation of Arabidopsis SmD3 and LSM4 substrates ", "GSNO enhanced PRMT5 activity and arginine methylation of Arabidopsis histone4 and LSM4 substrates" ]	DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2017.06.031	Model Organisms	GENE REGULATION	10.1016/j.molcel.2017.06.031	2,017	101	2	Molecular Cell	true
Which are the biological processes affected in Arabidopsis thaliana GRP7 mutant variants with non methylated R141 residue?	GENE REGULATION - POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "Mutants variants with non methylated R141 residue are affected in abscicic acid sensitivity during germination.", "Mutants variants with non methylated R141 residue are affected in auxin sensitivity during lateral root development.", "Mutants variants with non methylated R141 residue are affected in flowering ...	https://doi.org/10.3390/plants13192771	Model Organisms	GENE REGULATION	10.3390/plants13192771	2,024	0	0	Plants	true
Which is the effect of PRMT5 - mediated arginine methylation of Arabidopsis thaliana Argonaute2 (AGO2) at the protein level?	GENE REGULATION - POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "Arginine methylation leads to AGO2 stabilization in the citosol", "Arginine methylation leads to AGO2 relocalization in the nucleus.", "Arginine methylation leads to AGO2 degradation by the proteasome" ]	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-019-08787-w	Model Organisms	GENE REGULATION	10.1038/s41467-019-08787-w	2,019	29	2	Nature Communications	true
Which Argonaute (AGO) proteins are symmetricallly dimethylated in arginines residues (SDMA) of their N-terminal extension in Arabidopsis?	GENE REGULATION - POST-TRANSLATIONAL MODIFICATIONS	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "AGO1 and AGO2 undergo SDMA postranslational modification ", "AGO1, AGO2, AGO3 and AGO5 undergo SDMA postranslational modification", "AGO1, AGO2, AGO3, AGO5 and AGO10 undergo SDMA postranslational modification " ]	https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkae387	Model Organisms	GENE REGULATION	10.1093/nar/gkae387	2,024	4	1	Nucleic Acids Research	true
What are the differences between AGO1 and AGO7 subcellular localization in Arabidopsis thaliana?	GENE REGULATION - PTGS	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "AGO7 and AGO7 partition between free cytosolic versions but also can partition into biomolecular condensates. While AGO7 is present in P-bodies, AGO1 localizes to Stress granules and Processing bodies (P-bodies). In addition, AGO7 is exclusively cytosolic while AGO1 shuttles from cytosol to the nucleus to be loade...	10.1038/emboj.2012.20 ; https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkae387; doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2007.04.005	Model Organisms	GENE REGULATION	10.1016/j.cub.2007.04.005	2,007	385	1	Current Biology	true
What are the key components in Arabidopsis SGS3 that enable the nucleation of siRNA bodies?	CELL BIOLOGY AND CELL SIGNALING	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "SGS3 contains one prion-like domain, one at each end. The deletion of this domain results in a protein that can still interact with its partner RDR6 but now localizes to the nucleus and does not nucleate cytosolic foci. More recently, it has been shown that the C-terminal prion-like domain is the most important fo...	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-021-00867-4; https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111985	Model Organisms	CELL BIOLOGY AND CELL SIGNALING	10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111985	2,023	27	2	Cell Reports	true
What is the result of blocking the module of AGO7/miR390/TAS3 in Arabidopsis?	GENE REGULATION - PTGS	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "Interfering with any of the key components of the AGO7/miR390/TAS3 results in the zippy phenotype. This phenotype is characterized by disorders in the maturation of seedling to adult plants. The impaired AGO7 dependent post-transcriptional gene silencing results in higher levels of AUXIN RESPONSE FACTORS 2, 3 and ...	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2003.09.004; 10.1105/tpc.109.072553	Model Organisms	GENE REGULATION	10.1105/tpc.109.072553	2,010	486	0	The Plant Cell	true
How do siRNA bodes move along the cell in plants?	CELL BIOLOGY AND CELL SIGNALING	[ "non-specific" ]	[ "siRNA bodies are a kind of cytosolic biomolecular condensate that host key enzymes involved in post-transcriptional gene silencing. siRNA bodies are highly dynamic and move along the cell using the actin cytoskeleton. Stabilizing actin filaments results in enhanced siRNA bodies mobility. This is contrary to the ob...	10.1093/nar/gkv119; 10.1091/mbc.E08-05-0513	Non-specific	CELL BIOLOGY AND CELL SIGNALING	10.1091/mbc.E08-05-0513	2,008	208	2	Molecular Biology of the Cell	true
Which are the transporters with higher affinity cytokinins in Arabidopsis thaliana?	HORMONES	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "Several transporter families have been described as cytokinin transporters so far, with PUP, ENTs, AZGs, ABCGs among them. However, for most of them the kinetic parameters are not described. One exception to it is AZG2, which Km to trans-Zeatin has been calculated by its expression in Arabidopsis calli. AZG2 Km to...	10.1111/nph.16943; 10.1111/nph.18879; 10.1042/BST20231537	Model Organisms	HORMONES	10.1042/BST20231537	2,024	0	0	Biochemical Society Transactions	true
Which gene has been identified to act downstream of EXO70A3 to regulate root depth in Arabidopsis thaliana?	GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "PIN1", "PIN7", "PIN4" ]	10.1016/j.cell.2019.06.021	Model Organisms	GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT	10.1016/j.cell.2019.06.021	2,019	142	2	Cell	true
Degradation of which protein is responsible for shutting down the iron deficiency responses during treatment with flagellin in Arabidopsis thaliana?	CELL BIOLOGY AND CELL SIGNALING	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "BTS", "IMA1", "BTSL1" ]	10.1038/s41586-023-06891-y	Model Organisms	CELL BIOLOGY AND CELL SIGNALING	10.1038/s41586-023-06891-y	2,024	20	1	Nature	true
Which transcription factor balances ROS homeostasis in the root meristem to regulate the balance between cell proliferation and differentiation in Arabidopsis thaliana?	GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "ARR1", "PER39", "UPB1" ]	10.1016/j.cell.2010.10.020	Model Organisms	GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT	10.1016/j.cell.2010.10.020	2,010	871	2	Cell	true
What proteins sequester SHR in the nucleus in Arabidopsis thaliana?	GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT	[ "Arabidopsis thaliana" ]	[ "SCR", "RBR", "CYCD6;1" ]	10.1126/science.1139531	Model Organisms	GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT	10.1126/science.1139531	2,007	469	0	Science	true
How do alleles of the gene TBR affect growth in high Zinc conditions in Arabidopsis thaliana?	ENVIRONMENT - ABIOTIC STRESS	[ "non-specific" ]	[ "Alleles of TBR are involved in Zinc uptake and less Zinc is taken up.", "Alleles of TBR lead to increased protein activity of TBR.", "Certain natural alleles of TBR lead to a higher expression level of TBR. TBR plays a role in pectin O-acetylation, and this is associated with pectin modifications in the cell w...	10.1038/s41467-024-50106-5	Non-specific	ENVIRONMENT	10.1038/s41467-024-50106-5	2,024	4	2	Nature Communications	true

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